104:
34:
116:
647:
joined him. Baraya and the rebels with him, signed an act that declared Nariño an usurper and a tyrant, and pledged loyalty to the
Congress. Nariño used the opportunity to request extraordinary powers from the legislature of Cundinamarca, which allowed him to be appointed as a dictator.
734:Álvarez refused to submit to the United Provinces or to make a deal with Bolívar. Bolívar and his army stormed the city, which fell on 12 December 1814, after two days of bloody house-to-house combat. The government of Cundinamarca recognized the supremacy of the
667:
The
Federalist troops, however, only started pursuing more than a week later, giving Nariño's troops enough time to organise a defense. Baraya's troops lay siege to Santafé de Bogota on 24 December. But on 9 January 1813, in the Battle of San Victorino
741:
Nevertheless, Bolivar's army had suffered heavy casualties (204 killed and 100 wounded), which led the
Federalist troops to loot the city in revenge, killing Spanish civilians and raping women. A large part of the city was devastated.
415:
484:
479:
318:
199:
450:
709:
The failure of the campaign and the capture of Nariño left
Cundinamarca significantly weakened. The United Provinces took the opportunity to send an army against it, headed by
362:
396:
245:
440:
430:
328:
800:
Acosta de Samper, Soledad (1910). «Acciones de Palacé, Calibío, Juanambú, Cebollas y Ejido de Pasto». Biografía del general
Antonio Nariño (Imprenta del Departamento).
235:
809:
Encina, Francisco
Antonio (1961). Bolívar y la independencia de la América española: Independencia de Nueva Granada y Venezuela (parte 1) III. Santiago: Nascimiento.
435:
290:
337:
519:
347:
192:
240:
455:
514:
509:
489:
352:
504:
425:
391:
357:
260:
250:
615:
The animosity between Nariño's centralist factions and the federalist factions in the
Congress, led by Torres, soon spread to the respective regions. The
280:
676:
With this victory for
Cundinamarca, the War ended momentarily, after the two sides agreed to join forces against the common enemy: the Royalist armies.
367:
185:
636:
499:
386:
136:
376:
895:
890:
885:
870:
639:
to attack the
Federalist leaders in Tunja, but Baraya decided to switch sides and support the Federalist forces. Many important leaders like
738:, handed over all its weapons and material to Bolivar, and in return the lives and property of the city's inhabitants would be respected.
616:
583:
120:
651:
On 26 November 1812, Nariño left with his army to conquer Tunja. On 2 December 1812, his army faced a
Federalist army commanded by
602:
policy, and were convinced that the economic and political power of Cundinamarca would allow it to dominate and unify New Granada.
860:
728:
830:
38:
Map of New Granada in 1811 with the Federalist territory in red, the Centralist in green and the Royalist (Spanish) in yellow.
865:
722:
697:
299:
855:
445:
773:. Tomo IV. Quito: Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar. Edición de Germán Carrera Damas, (p. 154). ISBN 9789978807491.
685:
275:
746:
735:
620:
605:
108:
544:
225:
209:
61:
25:
750:
153:
714:
640:
323:
835:
669:
644:
850:
845:
840:
825:
789:
Bolívar y la independencia de la América española: Independencia de Nueva Granada y Venezuela (parte 1)
660:
880:
875:
308:
285:
587:
494:
718:
401:
609:
572:
132:
696:. After some victories, his army is decisively defeated in the Battle of Ejidos de Pasto (
474:
313:
8:
693:
679:
710:
591:
575:
in Spain had been dissolved in 1810, two political entities were formed in present-day
265:
255:
144:
674:), Nariño's troops proved superior and the Federalist troops were completely defeated.
656:
140:
595:
149:
703:
652:
406:
689:
177:
464:
769:
Rodríguez O., Jaime (1999). "Las primeras juntas autonomistas, 1810-1812". En
819:
713:, who had been expelled from Venezuela in August 1814 after the fall of the
33:
87:
Definitive incorporation of Cundinamarca into the United Provinces in 1814.
702:), and he is taken prisoner in May 1814 by the Spanish governor of Quito
665:), and was soundly defeated, having to retreat back to Santafé de Bogota.
560:
556:
552:
753:
was named Governor of the province of Cundinamarca on 20 December 1814.
627:) engaged in constant conflict, and soon became embroiled in Civil War.
771:
Historia de América Andina: Crisis del régimen colonial e independencia
599:
680:
Nariño's Expedition to the South and Bolívar's attack (December 1814)
540:
576:
548:
65:
717:. On 10 December, Bolívar and his army of 5,000 men lay siege to
630:
612:, which had been created as a looser Federation of Provinces.
624:
727:), which was defended by only 2,000 men under command of
688:
against the Royalists who controlled the provinces of
684:Nariño took advantage of the truce, to launch his
579:which declared themselves independent from Spain.
207:
817:
623:(the Congress now located in the province of
193:
631:First Civil War (December 1812-January 1813)
783:
781:
779:
791:. Tomo III. Santiago: Nascimiento, pp. 115
617:Free and Independent State of Cundinamarca
584:Free and Independent State of Cundinamarca
200:
186:
776:
559:. The war ended with a victory for the
896:1814 in the Viceroyalty of New Granada
891:1813 in the Viceroyalty of New Granada
886:1812 in the Viceroyalty of New Granada
818:
871:Spanish American wars of independence
586:, centered around the former capital
181:
729:Manuel de Bernardo Álvarez del Casal
745:Cundinamarca was integrated in the
13:
787:Encina, Francisco Antonio (1961).
14:
907:
114:
102:
32:
747:United Provinces of New Granada
736:United Provinces of New Granada
659:in the Battle of Ventaquemada (
621:United Provinces of New Granada
606:United Provinces of New Granada
861:Civil wars of the 19th century
803:
794:
763:
1:
831:Colombian War of Independence
756:
226:First Republic of New Granada
211:Colombian War of Independence
26:Colombian War of Independence
866:Military history of Colombia
715:Second Republic of Venezuela
641:Francisco de Paula Santander
300:Spanish reconquest (1815-16)
7:
10:
912:
751:José Miguel Pey de Andrade
706:, and locked up in Spain.
566:
50:December 1812-January 1813
731:and José Ramón de Leyva.
543:between 1812 and 1814 in
219:
161:
126:
95:
42:
31:
23:
18:
645:Francisco José de Caldas
416:River and naval campaign
856:Wars involving Colombia
635:Nariño ordered General
338:New Granada resistance
127:Commanders and leaders
610:Camilo Torres Tenorio
573:Supreme Central Junta
537:New Granada Civil War
19:New Granada Civil War
604:The second was the
446:Cartagena (1820–21)
598:. They followed a
592:Jorge Tadeo Lozano
588:Santa Fé de Bogotá
582:The first was the
377:Bolívar's campaign
324:Cuchilla del Tambo
256:Magdalena campaign
77:Federalist victory
851:Conflicts in 1814
846:Conflicts in 1813
841:Conflicts in 1812
826:Colonial Colombia
719:Santafé de Bogotá
686:Southern Campaign
657:Atanasio Girardot
532:
531:
527:
526:
397:Gameza and Topaga
276:Nariño's Campaign
176:
175:
141:Atanasio Girardot
91:
90:
903:
881:1813 in Colombia
876:1812 in Colombia
810:
807:
801:
798:
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785:
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704:Melchor Aymerich
653:Antonio Ricaurte
309:Cartagena (1815)
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179:
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154:Bernardo Álvarez
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485:Second Taindalá
431:Chorros Blancos
215:
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156:
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11:
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833:
828:
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811:
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761:
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681:
678:
637:Antonio Baraya
632:
629:
596:Antonio Nariño
568:
565:
530:
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480:First Taindalá
477:
469:
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465:Pasto Campaign
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150:Antonio Nariño
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137:Antonio Baraya
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2:
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836:Simón Bolívar
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711:Simón Bolívar
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547:(present-day
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436:Laguna Salada
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157:José de Leyva
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145:Simón Bolívar
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133:Camilo Torres
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64:(present-day
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52:December 1814
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17:
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581:
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536:
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402:Vargas Swamp
270:
172:2,500 (1814)
170:3,000 (1812)
96:Belligerents
590:and led by
561:Federalists
557:Centralists
553:Federalists
545:New Granada
467:(1822-1825)
418:(1819-1821)
348:Guasdualito
340:(1816-1819)
236:Bajo Palacé
228:(1810-1816)
167:3,000-5,000
121:Centralists
109:Federalists
82:Territorial
62:New Granada
820:Categories
757:References
600:Centralist
571:After the
551:) between
286:Palo River
608:, led by
541:civil war
520:Sucumbíos
515:Barbacoas
510:Mapachico
490:Catambuco
451:Fundación
353:El Yagual
271:Civil War
266:Admirable
246:La Ladera
619:and the
577:Colombia
549:Colombia
505:Calvario
441:Tenerife
426:Riohacha
392:Corrales
363:Chocontá
358:Achaguas
329:La Plata
261:Carrillo
241:Iscuandé
162:Strength
66:Colombia
57:Location
24:Part of
694:Popayán
567:Context
475:Bomboná
456:Ciénaga
314:Cachirí
281:Enmedio
251:Sabanas
84:changes
539:was a
495:Ibarra
407:Boyaca
379:(1819)
368:Pienta
319:Cancán
74:Result
690:Pasto
625:Tunja
500:Pasto
749:and
692:and
655:and
643:and
594:and
555:and
535:The
387:Paya
291:Tolú
47:Date
822::
778:^
724:es
699:es
671:es
662:es
563:.
721:(
668:(
201:e
194:t
187:v
68:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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