42:
253:
631:
453:
347:, was the man whom "every Scotsman wanted for his king". As William fitz Duncan married Alice de Rumilly c.1137, young William could only have been a youth, perhaps a child, by 1153. There is no evidence to suggest that William ever made any claims to the throne, and he died young, in the early 1160s, leaving his sizable estates to his three sisters. Of William Fitz Duncan's other sons, Bishop
884:
Burton, Vol. 1, p. 350, states: "Malcolm the son of Duncan is known as
Malcolm III, but still better perhaps by his characteristic name of Canmore, said to come from the Celtic "Cenn MĂłr", meaning "great chief"". It has also been argued recently that the real "Malcolm Canmore" was his great-grandson
328:
at age twelve. Donnchad, who duly became regent for the young
Malcolm, ensured that the inauguration took place before the old king was even buried. This might appear unseemly, but there was good reason for the haste. Malcolm was not without rivals for the kingship. Donnchad himself died a year
723:, on the latter's deathbed, but this is said to be false as Malcolm had no heirs. However, since illegitimacy did not apply to medieval females, but it was often pretended that it did, she may have been overlooked. Malcolm's mother had formulated a plan for a marriage to Constance, daughter of
714:
quite neglected the care, as well as governance, of his kingdom. Wherefore he was so hated by all the common people that
William, the elder of his brothers â who had always been on bad terms with the English, and their lasting foe, forasmuch as they had taken away his patrimony, the earldom of
574:, dying there in 1161. While it was assumed that the earls included Fergus among their number and that the expedition to Galloway was related to the revolt, it is now thought that the earls sought to have Malcolm attack Galloway, perhaps as a result of raids by Fergus.
597:
Having made peace with Henry, replaced Fergus of
Galloway with his sons, and resettled Moray, only one of Malcolm's foes remained, Somerled, by 1160 king of the Isles as well as of Argyll. In 1164, Somerled led a large army of Islesmen and Irishmen to attack
526:
where he was, at last, knighted. "Whether this was the act of a king of Scots or of an earl of
Huntingdon we are not told; it was certainly the act of a man desperate for knightly arms, but that did not make it any more acceptable in Scotland."
681:(a chronic disorder that typically results in enlarged and deformed bones). While his contemporaries were in no doubt that Malcolm had some of the qualities of a great king, later writers were less convinced. The compiler of the
433:, loomed large. Support for the sons of MĂĄel Coluim mac Alaxandair may also have come from areas closer to the core of the kingdom; two conspirators are named by chroniclers, one of whom died in trial by combat in February 1154.
730:
It is difficult, given the paucity of sources, to date many of the reforms of the Scoto-Norman era, but it appears that
Malcolm continued the reforms begun by his grandfather and grand-uncles. The
301:, the King of Scots, David I, did not lack for immediate heirs upon the death of Earl Henry. This was because Earl Henry had left behind three sons to carry forward the lineage of his father.
304:
Malcolm, the eldest of Earl Henry's sons, was only eleven years old when he became heir apparent. Nonetheless, he was sent by his grandfather on a circuit of the kingdom, accompanied by
593:, had dealt with the Jews, and scattered them throughout the other districts of Scotland, both beyond the and this side thereof, so that not even one native of that land abode there.
2216:
558:
appears to suggest a peaceful settlement to the affair, and both Fordun and
Hoveden follow the report of the revolt and its ending by stating that the king led an expedition into
413:
The first open opposition to
Malcolm came in November 1153, from family rivals, the sons of MĂĄel Coluim mac Alaxandair. They mounted their challenge with the aid of a neighbour,
1516:
includes the Annals of Ulster, Tigernach and
Innisfallen, the Lebor Bretnach and the Chronicon Scotorum among others. Most are translated or translations are in progress.
691:
MĂĄel Coluim Cenn MĂłr, son of Henry, high king of
Scotland, the best Christian that was of the Gaidhil by the sea on the east for almsdeeds, hospitality and piety, died.
1640:
2209:
240:
by later chroniclers, a name which may incorrectly suggest weakness or effeminacy to modern readers, he was noted for his religious zeal and interest in
1593:
518:
in 1158, "they returned without having become good friends, and so that the king of Scots was not yet knighted." In 1159 Malcolm accompanied Henry to
495:, a fief of the English crown. While Malcolm delayed doing homage to Henry II of England for his possessions in Henry's kingdom, he did so in 1157 at
471:
Malcolm was not only King of Scots but also inherited the Earldom of Northumbria, which his father and grandfather had gained during the wars between
418:
2202:
826:
which threaten humans, sheep and cattle of the Scottish countryside. He then serves as a scout to the army of the king during the conflict with
320:
for Malcolm on David's death. These preparations were timely, because King David survived his son by less than a year, dying on 24 May 1153 at
3004:
17:
1633:
654:
41:
727:, but Malcolm died before the wedding could be celebrated. This does not mean that Malcolm could not have had a concubine or mistress.
210:
164:
610:
had newly completed a castle. There Somerled and his son Gillebrigte were killed in battle with the levies of the area, led by the
2994:
294:. Unlike in the case of the English king, who had been left without male heirs after the death of his only legitimate son in the
1626:
2999:
252:
1469:
1455:
1438:
1424:
1410:
1389:
1375:
1361:
1344:
1330:
1316:
2979:
1519:
422:
1255:
773:, and the royal taste for continental religious foundations extended to the magnates, as in Galloway, where the
889:, who is given this name in the contemporary notice of his death. Duncan, pp. 51â52, 74â75; Oram, p. 17 note 1.
274:, had been in poor health throughout the 1140s. He died suddenly on 12 June 1152. His death occurred in either
374:
As a new and young king, Malcolm also faced threats to his rule from his neighbours. Foremost among them were
507:. Henry II refused to allow Malcolm to keep Cumbria, or William to keep Northumbria, but instead granted the
417:
of Argyll. This threat soon dissipated, because Somerled was beset with more pressing concerns: his war with
657:
earlier the same year. However, Constance refused to marry the Scottish king, hoping to wed the French king
364:
2876:
2839:
2162:
2601:
1973:
1232:
724:
535:
371:. MĂĄel Coluim's sons were free men in 1153. They could be expected to contest the succession and did so.
2590:
1963:
244:
and warfare. For much of his reign, he was in poor health and died unmarried at the age of twenty-four.
2886:
2564:
2532:
1938:
1912:
1657:
678:
650:
646:
2974:
2881:
2676:
2621:
2229:
2053:
1993:
1892:
1649:
567:
543:
542:, who besieged the king. Given that Earl Ferchar heads the list of those named, it is presumed that
2682:
2671:
2377:
2233:
2225:
2058:
2048:
1857:
563:
305:
194:
1842:
1822:
406:, was otherwise occupied (on a pilgrimage), and his death in 1158 brought the young and ambitious
2651:
2646:
2631:
2606:
2028:
2023:
2003:
1978:
1513:
1221:
715:
Northumbria, to wit â was by them appointed warden of the whole kingdom, against the king's will.
368:
222:
49:
2313:
1802:
581:. Scottish sources report that a revolt in Moray brought Malcolm north, and it is said that he:
2830:
2715:
2636:
2611:
2596:
2468:
2303:
2157:
2097:
2018:
2008:
1983:
1968:
720:
2773:
577:
Sometime before July 1163, when he did homage to Henry II, Malcolm was taken seriously ill at
437:
2820:
2730:
2710:
2641:
2579:
2569:
2559:
2438:
2433:
2406:
2367:
2362:
2142:
2112:
2092:
2013:
1953:
1943:
1933:
480:
399:
2525:
2277:
1907:
662:
618:
at that time. The chronicles of the day attributed the victory to the intercession of Saint
2989:
2984:
2798:
2745:
2735:
2725:
2698:
2616:
2539:
2473:
2428:
2418:
2412:
2401:
2395:
2345:
2137:
2127:
2117:
2107:
2087:
2076:
2064:
1988:
1917:
1792:
1402:
805:
759:
8:
2825:
2778:
2720:
2656:
2453:
2443:
2423:
2389:
2194:
2147:
2102:
2033:
1561:
999:
809:
696:
658:
638:
464:
426:
391:
344:
287:
271:
256:
226:
79:
2862:
2500:
2448:
2372:
2181:
2177:
2152:
1782:
1737:
1600:
827:
812:, and support of a revolt against Malcolm IV. It concludes with the murder of Somerled;
615:
539:
508:
488:
472:
441:
383:
291:
2495:
2308:
1682:
1465:
1451:
1434:
1420:
1406:
1385:
1371:
1357:
1340:
1326:
1312:
1297:
774:
611:
603:
515:
407:
360:
321:
290:
had attached to the Scots crown in the period of English weakness after the death of
275:
267:
141:
2356:
2813:
2803:
2693:
2666:
2518:
2350:
2270:
2263:
2082:
2043:
1902:
1837:
1610:
1578:
1568:
1537:
1504:
1015:
683:
206:
154:
89:
2808:
2553:
2383:
2335:
2325:
2319:
1927:
1722:
1477:
Scotland, England and France After the Loss of Normandy, 1204-1296: "Auld Amitie"
1349:
607:
547:
531:
492:
476:
395:
339:
325:
309:
186:
1618:
1368:
Wild Men and Holy Places: St Ninian, Whithorn and the Medieval Realm of Galloway
2906:
2793:
2750:
2704:
2489:
2132:
1677:
1488:
1394:
1289:
1243:
586:
571:
551:
496:
456:
403:
214:
174:
1500:
2968:
1687:
808:. The plot follows his military career, rise to power, swearing of fealty to
797:
230:
129:
1405:, tr. Felix J. H. Skene, 2 vols. Reprinted, Llanerch Press, Lampeter, 1993.
630:
452:
2931:
2688:
2070:
1747:
1443:
831:
819:
770:
356:
352:
2283:
1847:
1311:, ed. and tr. Joseph Stevenson. Reprinted Llanerch Press, Lampeter, 1991.
2936:
2921:
2506:
1827:
1767:
1732:
822:, a huntsman at the court of Malcolm IV. He is at first employed to slay
739:
634:
283:
260:
1807:
1431:
Outlaws of Medieval Scotland: Challenges to the Canmore Kings, 1058â1266
410:
to power in Orkney, who proved yet another threat to the young Malcolm.
205:, "the Maiden" (between 23 April and 24 May 1141 â 9 December 1165) was
2911:
2901:
2891:
2478:
2340:
1877:
1832:
1777:
1762:
1757:
1702:
766:
755:
699:
praises Malcolm, "the most Christian king of the Scots", highly in his
500:
460:
295:
66:
1259:
534:, Roger of Hoveden reports, he faced a rebellion by six earls, led by
2926:
2896:
2483:
2458:
1872:
1867:
1797:
1787:
1752:
1712:
1692:
823:
743:
619:
578:
2584:
1958:
259:(left) with the young Malcolm IV (right) depicted on the charter to
2916:
2857:
2463:
2288:
1852:
1817:
1812:
1772:
1727:
1707:
1697:
1672:
1417:
The Kingdom of the Isles: Scotland's Western Seaboard, c. 1100â1336
801:
778:
674:
559:
523:
414:
387:
375:
279:
124:
105:
677:, aged twenty-four. His premature death may have been hastened by
363:. Another contender, imprisoned at Roxburgh since about 1130, was
2834:
2740:
2122:
1882:
1742:
1717:
1667:
789:
Malcolm IV has been depicted in historical novels. They include:
731:
599:
590:
504:
484:
355:
before King David's death, but Domnall mac Uilleim, first of the
149:
1509:
706:
Nonetheless, Malcolm was not well regarded in all quarters. The
2626:
2574:
2298:
2293:
1998:
1948:
1382:
The Kingship of the Scots 842â1292: Succession and Independence
1325:, tr. Hermann PĂĄlsson and Paul Edwards. Penguin, London, 1978.
751:
747:
519:
487:
for himself. Cumbria was, like the earldoms of Northumbria and
379:
348:
317:
241:
834:, "the first real hospital for the sick and poor in Scotland".
2546:
1922:
1862:
735:
430:
1523:
1244:"Tranter first edition books, publication timeline", part IV
719:
According to legend, he had a daughter who was betrothed to
2330:
2224:
1309:
A Medieval Chronicle of Scotland: The Chronicle of Melrose
436:
In 1157, it is reported, King Malcolm was reconciled with
225:(MĂĄel Coluim mac Donnchada), he succeeded his grandfather
351:
had already been blinded, emasculated and imprisoned at
818:(1993) by Nigel Tranter. The main character is Hugh De
758:
appear to date from Malcolm's reign, and the office of
1302:
Scottish Annals from English Chroniclers A.D. 500â1286
1462:
The Canmores: Kings and Queens of the Scots 1040â1290
857:
830:. Malcolm IV eventually tasks Hugh with establishing
514:
After a second meeting between Malcolm and Henry, at
1222:"Lord of the Isles", description from the bookjacket
324:. Malcolm was inaugurated as king on 27 May 1153 at
209:
from 1153 until his death. He was the eldest son of
1323:
Orkneyinga Saga: The History of the Earls of Orkney
221:, a name now associated with his great-grandfather
1648:
2966:
585:emoved from the land of their birth, as of old
1384:, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 2002.
1356:, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 2003.
1339:, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000.
421:lasted until 1156 and a possible conflict with
444:, which had probably been held by his father.
2210:
1634:
1203:McNeill & MacQueen, p. 192; Barrow ?
1181:, IV; Duncan, p. 74, doubts Fordun's account.
479:. Malcolm granted Northumbria to his brother
316:, perhaps indicating that he was to hold the
312:, and a large army. Donnchad had been styled
687:, writing soon after 1165, praises Malcolm:
2777:Monarchs of England and Scotland after the
570:as a hostage while Fergus became a monk at
530:Malcolm returned from Toulouse in 1160. At
2954:Debated or disputed rulers are in italics.
2217:
2203:
1641:
1627:
511:to Malcolm, for which Malcolm did homage.
447:
40:
1133:Histoire des rois et des ducs de Bretagne
211:Henry, Earl of Huntingdon and Northumbria
165:Henry, Earl of Huntingdon and Northumbria
1483:Scott, W. W.; "Malcolm IV (1141â1165)",
645:In 1160, a marriage between Malcolm and
629:
451:
332:
251:
1485:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1474:
863:
850:
848:
784:
14:
2967:
854:W. W. Scott, "Malcolm IV (1141â1165)".
673:Malcolm IV died on 9 December 1165 at
668:
2198:
1622:
1433:, Tuckwell Press, East Linton, 2003.
1419:, Tuckwell Press, East Linton, 1997.
800:. The main character of the novel is
1233:"Lord of the Isles",customer reviews
845:
649:was considered. Constance's brother
3005:Earls of Huntingdon (1065 creation)
1448:David I: The King Who Made Scotland
625:
419:GuĂ°røðr ĂlĂĄfsson, King of the Isles
343:claims "William the Noble", son of
24:
950:, pp. 93, 182â186; Duncan, p. 102.
359:, had considerable support in the
25:
3016:
1494:
1256:""Tapestry of the Boar", summary"
1047:, pp. 241â242; Duncan, pp. 72â73.
282:, both located in those areas of
1510:CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts
1487:, Oxford University Press, 2004
1399:Chronicle of the Scottish Nation
762:may also date from this period.
2254:Monarchs of Scotland until 1603
1503:at the official website of the
1248:
1237:
1226:
1215:
1212:McNeill & MacQueen, p. 340.
1206:
1197:
1184:
1172:
1159:
1147:
1138:
1135:, Volume 2 (1828), pp. 426â429.
1125:
1112:
1096:
1084:
1071:
1059:
1050:
1034:
1025:
1009:
992:
979:
966:
953:
463:, where Malcolm paid homage to
2995:12th-century Scottish monarchs
2251:Monarchs of England until 1603
1370:, Canongate, Edinburgh, 1994.
998:Duncan, p. 72; Barrow, p. 47;
940:
927:
918:
905:
892:
878:
869:
27:King of Alba from 1153 to 1165
13:
1:
1650:Pictish and Scottish monarchs
1131:Roujoux, Prudence Guillaume.
1077:Brooke, pp. 91â95; McDonald,
985:Duncan, pp. 71â72; McDonald,
838:
653:had married Malcolm's sister
562:where he eventually defeated
3000:Burials at Dunfermline Abbey
550:, was not among the rebels.
247:
18:Malcolm IV, King of Scotland
7:
2861:British monarchs after the
725:Conan III, Duke of Brittany
661:instead, but Louis married
440:, who was appointed to the
10:
3021:
1278:
651:Conan IV, Duke of Brittany
522:, serving at the siege of
365:MĂĄel Coluim mac Alaxandair
2949:
2872:
2856:
2852:
2789:
2772:
2768:
2245:
2241:
2171:
1891:
1656:
1607:
1598:
1585:
1575:
1566:
1558:
1531:
959:Duncan, p. 71; McDonald,
701:Historia Rerum Anglicarum
367:, an illegitimate son of
170:
160:
148:
136:
122:9 December 1165 (aged 24)
111:
99:
95:
85:
75:
65:
55:
48:
39:
34:
1464:, Tempus, Stroud, 2002.
1450:, Tempus, Stroud, 2004.
1354:The Kingdom of the Scots
1304:, D. Nutt, London, 1908.
564:Fergus, Lord of Galloway
199:Maol Chaluim mac Eanraig
2980:Medieval child monarchs
1533:Malcolm IV of Scotland
1514:University College Cork
1475:Pollock, M. A. (2015).
647:Constance of Penthièvre
448:Malcolm IV and Henry II
270:, son and heir of King
190:
50:King of Alba (Scotland)
1658:Monarchs of the Picts
887:Malcolm IV of Scotland
721:Henry, Prince of Capua
717:
693:
642:
595:
468:
264:
198:
191:MĂĄel Coluim mac Eanric
1893:Monarchs of the Scots
1429:McDonald, R. Andrew;
1415:McDonald, R. Andrew;
712:
689:
633:
583:
540:Mormaer of Strathearn
509:Earldom of Huntingdon
455:
400:Rognvald Kali Kolsson
333:Rivals and neighbours
255:
229:, and shared David's
2831:William III & II
2396:Henry the Young King
2346:Edward the Confessor
2314:Ăthelred the Unready
1974:Constantine III (IV)
1939:Constantine II (III)
1489:accessed 27 May 2007
1479:. The Boydell Press.
1403:William Forbes Skene
1120:Kingdom of the Isles
961:Kingdom of the Isles
816:Tapestry of the Boar
785:Fictional portrayals
777:were established at
760:Justiciar of Lothian
103:23 Aprilâ24 May 1141
2779:Union of the Crowns
2004:Malcolm III Canmore
1335:Barrell, A. D. M.;
1000:William of Newburgh
810:David I of Scotland
697:William of Newburgh
669:Death and posterity
639:Museum on the Mound
438:MĂĄel Coluim MacHeth
427:Mormaer of Menteith
345:William fitz Duncan
272:David I of Scotland
2863:Acts of Union 1707
2826:James II & VII
2519:Kenneth I MacAlpin
2304:Edgar the Peaceful
2077:Second Interregnum
2044:William I the Lion
1913:Constantine I (II)
1903:Kenneth I MacAlpin
1601:Earl of Huntingdon
1594:Simon II de Senlis
1590:Title last held by
1380:Duncan, A. A. M.;
1298:Anderson, Alan Orr
1144:Duncan, pp. 74â75.
1056:Duncan, pp. 72â73.
828:Fergus of Galloway
775:Premonstratensians
765:Malcolm founded a
663:Adèle of Champagne
643:
616:Herbert of Selkirk
554:'s version in the
469:
442:Mormaerdom of Ross
292:Henry I of England
265:
238:Malcolm the Maiden
2962:
2961:
2945:
2944:
2848:
2847:
2764:
2763:
2759:
2758:
2309:Edward the Martyr
2192:
2191:
2065:First Interregnum
1617:
1616:
1608:Succeeded by
1576:Succeeded by
1337:Medieval Scotland
806:Lord of the Isles
794:Lord of the Isles
612:Bishop of Glasgow
566:and took his son
408:Harald Maddadsson
361:Province of Moray
296:shipwreck of the
180:
179:
142:Dunfermline Abbey
16:(Redirected from
3012:
2975:House of Dunkeld
2854:
2853:
2814:Richard Cromwell
2804:The Protectorate
2794:James I & VI
2770:
2769:
2351:Harold Godwinson
2271:Edward the Elder
2264:Alfred the Great
2248:
2247:
2243:
2242:
2219:
2212:
2205:
2196:
2195:
2185:
2176:also monarch of
1643:
1636:
1629:
1620:
1619:
1569:King of Scotland
1559:Preceded by
1554:
1547:
1538:House of Dunkeld
1529:
1528:
1505:British monarchy
1480:
1366:Brooke, Daphne;
1350:Barrow, G. W. S.
1272:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1258:. Archived from
1252:
1246:
1241:
1235:
1230:
1224:
1219:
1213:
1210:
1204:
1201:
1195:
1188:
1182:
1176:
1170:
1163:
1157:
1154:Annals of Ulster
1151:
1145:
1142:
1136:
1129:
1123:
1116:
1110:
1105:, IV; McDonald,
1100:
1094:
1088:
1082:
1075:
1069:
1063:
1057:
1054:
1048:
1038:
1032:
1029:
1023:
1016:Roger of Hoveden
1013:
1007:
996:
990:
983:
977:
970:
964:
957:
951:
944:
938:
931:
925:
922:
916:
909:
903:
896:
890:
882:
876:
875:Magnusson, p. 61
873:
867:
861:
855:
852:
684:Annals of Ulster
626:Marriage project
329:later, in 1154.
213:(died 1152) and
207:King of Scotland
121:
119:
44:
32:
31:
21:
3020:
3019:
3015:
3014:
3013:
3011:
3010:
3009:
2965:
2964:
2963:
2958:
2941:
2868:
2844:
2809:Oliver Cromwell
2785:
2760:
2755:
2602:Constantine III
2511:
2336:Harold Harefoot
2326:Edmund Ironside
2237:
2232: and
2223:
2193:
2188:
2175:
2167:
1894:
1887:
1843:Constantine (I)
1723:Galam Cennalath
1659:
1652:
1647:
1613:
1604:
1591:
1581:
1572:
1564:
1553:9 December 1165
1548:
1542:
1541:
1534:
1520:Orkneyinga Saga
1497:
1460:Oram, Richard;
1281:
1276:
1275:
1265:
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1262:on 7 March 2016
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1014:
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997:
993:
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971:
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954:
945:
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935:Orkneyinga Saga
933:Duncan, p. 70;
932:
928:
923:
919:
910:
906:
897:
893:
883:
879:
874:
870:
862:
858:
853:
846:
841:
787:
679:Paget's disease
671:
637:of Malcolm IV (
628:
608:Walter Fitzalan
548:Mormaer of Fife
477:Empress Matilda
450:
396:King of England
340:Orkneyinga Saga
335:
310:Mormaer of Fife
250:
219:Malcolm Canmore
217:. The original
195:Scottish Gaelic
187:Medieval Gaelic
144:
128:
123:
117:
115:
104:
61:9 December 1165
60:
28:
23:
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1546:April/May 1141
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1496:
1495:External links
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1395:John of Fordun
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1031:Duncan, p. 72.
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1008:
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978:
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924:Duncan, p. 71.
917:
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866:, p. xiv.
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552:John of Fordun
497:Peveril Castle
457:Peveril Castle
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2022:
2020:
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2015:
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1895:(traditional)
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1688:Galan Erilich
1686:
1684:
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1679:
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1666:
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1660:(traditional)
1655:
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1478:
1473:
1471:
1470:0-7524-2325-8
1467:
1463:
1459:
1457:
1456:0-7524-2825-X
1453:
1449:
1445:
1444:Oram, Richard
1442:
1440:
1439:1-86232-236-8
1436:
1432:
1428:
1426:
1425:1-898410-85-2
1422:
1418:
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1412:
1411:1-897853-05-X
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1390:0-7486-1626-8
1387:
1383:
1379:
1377:
1376:0-86241-558-6
1373:
1369:
1365:
1363:
1362:0-7486-1803-1
1359:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1345:0-521-58602-X
1342:
1338:
1334:
1332:
1331:0-14-044383-5
1328:
1324:
1320:
1318:
1317:0-947992-60-X
1314:
1310:
1306:
1303:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1286:Gesta Annalia
1283:
1282:
1261:
1257:
1251:
1245:
1240:
1234:
1229:
1223:
1218:
1209:
1200:
1193:
1187:
1180:
1179:Gesta Annalia
1175:
1168:
1162:
1155:
1150:
1141:
1134:
1128:
1121:
1115:
1108:
1104:
1103:Gesta Annalia
1099:
1092:
1087:
1080:
1074:
1067:
1066:Gesta Annalia
1062:
1053:
1046:
1042:
1041:Gesta Annalia
1037:
1028:
1021:
1017:
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1005:
1001:
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988:
982:
975:
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962:
956:
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851:
849:
844:
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829:
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821:
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807:
803:
799:
798:Nigel Tranter
795:
792:
791:
790:
782:
780:
776:
772:
769:monastery at
768:
763:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
728:
726:
722:
716:
711:
709:
708:Gesta Annalia
704:
702:
698:
692:
688:
686:
685:
680:
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666:
664:
660:
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652:
648:
640:
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632:
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621:
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609:
605:
601:
594:
592:
588:
582:
580:
575:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
556:Gesta Annalia
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
528:
525:
521:
517:
512:
510:
506:
503:and later at
502:
498:
494:
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486:
482:
478:
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454:
445:
443:
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397:
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389:
385:
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372:
370:
366:
362:
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354:
350:
346:
342:
341:
330:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
302:
300:
299:
293:
289:
286:which he and
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
262:
258:
254:
245:
243:
239:
234:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
201:), nicknamed
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
176:
173:
169:
166:
163:
159:
156:
153:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
130:Roxburghshire
126:
114:
110:
107:
102:
98:
94:
91:
88:
84:
81:
78:
74:
70:
68:
64:
59:24 May 1153 â
58:
54:
51:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
2953:
2932:Elizabeth II
2860:
2776:
2703:
2681:
2672:Alexander II
2661:
2589:
2552:
2545:
2538:
2531:
2524:
2517:
2499:
2488:
2411:
2394:
2382:
2355:
2318:
2276:
2269:
2262:
2075:
2063:
2049:Alexander II
2038:
1748:Gartnait III
1599:
1592:
1586:
1567:
1550:
1543:
1536:
1484:
1476:
1461:
1447:
1430:
1416:
1398:
1381:
1367:
1353:
1336:
1322:
1308:
1301:
1285:
1264:. Retrieved
1260:the original
1250:
1239:
1228:
1217:
1208:
1199:
1192:The Canmores
1191:
1186:
1178:
1174:
1166:
1161:
1156:, s.a. 1165.
1153:
1149:
1140:
1132:
1127:
1122:, pp. 61â67.
1119:
1114:
1109:, pp. 30â31.
1106:
1102:
1098:
1090:
1086:
1081:, pp. 89â91.
1078:
1073:
1065:
1061:
1052:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1027:
1019:
1011:
1003:
994:
986:
981:
976:, pp. 28â29.
973:
968:
963:, pp. 51â54.
960:
955:
947:
942:
934:
929:
920:
912:
907:
899:
894:
886:
880:
871:
864:Pollock 2015
859:
832:Soutra Aisle
815:
793:
788:
771:Coupar Angus
764:
729:
718:
713:
707:
705:
700:
694:
690:
682:
672:
644:
635:Silver penny
596:
584:
576:
555:
529:
513:
491:, and later
470:
435:
412:
373:
357:Meic Uilleim
353:Byland Abbey
338:
336:
313:
303:
297:
266:
237:
235:
231:Anglo-Norman
218:
202:
182:
181:
29:
2990:1165 deaths
2985:1141 births
2937:Charles III
2922:Edward VIII
2652:Alexander I
2632:Malcolm III
2607:Kenneth III
2507:Elizabeth I
2469:Richard III
2029:Alexander I
1979:Kenneth III
1930:(uncertain)
1828:Talorgan II
1793:Nechtan III
1768:Gartnait IV
1733:Gartnait II
740:Dunfermline
732:sheriffdoms
614:, probably
544:Donnchad II
423:Gille CrĂst
369:Alexander I
284:Northumbria
261:Kelso Abbey
223:Malcolm III
76:Predecessor
71:27 May 1153
2969:Categories
2912:Edward VII
2902:William IV
2892:George III
2821:Charles II
2716:Robert III
2662:Malcolm IV
2637:Donald III
2612:Malcolm II
2597:Kenneth II
2479:Henry VIII
2439:Richard II
2434:Edward III
2368:William II
2341:Harthacnut
2158:William II
2143:Charles II
2098:Robert III
2039:Malcolm IV
2019:Donald III
2009:Donald III
1984:Malcolm II
1969:Kenneth II
1878:Bridei VII
1833:Drest VIII
1778:Bridei III
1763:Talorgan I
1758:Talorc III
1738:Nechtan II
1703:Gartnait I
1605:1157â1165
1573:1153â1165
1501:Malcolm IV
1165:Quoted in
1118:McDonald,
972:McDonald,
839:References
824:wild boars
796:(1983) by
767:Cistercian
756:Linlithgow
695:Likewise,
589:, king of
501:Derbyshire
489:Huntingdon
483:, keeping
461:Derbyshire
386:, Lord of
378:, King of
298:White Ship
288:his father
268:Earl Henry
242:knighthood
183:Malcolm IV
132:, Scotland
118:1165-12-09
67:Coronation
35:Malcolm IV
2927:George VI
2897:George IV
2887:George II
2799:Charles I
2781:from 1603
2731:James III
2711:Robert II
2667:William I
2642:Duncan II
2570:Malcolm I
2560:Donald II
2484:Edward VI
2474:Henry VII
2459:Edward IV
2429:Edward II
2419:Henry III
2402:Richard I
2363:William I
2284:Ăthelstan
2148:James VII
2138:Charles I
2113:James III
2093:Robert II
2014:Duncan II
1944:Malcolm I
1934:Donald II
1873:Ciniod II
1868:Bridei VI
1848:Ăengus II
1798:Drest VII
1788:Bridei IV
1753:Bridei II
1713:Talorc II
1693:Drest III
1678:Nechtan I
1579:William I
1524:Northvegr
1169:, p. 243.
1093:, p. 242.
1022:, p. 240.
1006:, p. 239.
915:, p. 201.
902:, p. 200.
781:by 1161.
744:Edinburgh
710:remarks:
659:Louis VII
620:Kentigern
579:Doncaster
276:Newcastle
248:Accession
90:William I
86:Successor
2917:George V
2907:Victoria
2882:George I
2751:James VI
2736:James IV
2726:James II
2699:David II
2694:Robert I
2683:Margaret
2617:Duncan I
2526:Donald I
2464:Edward V
2454:Henry VI
2444:Henry IV
2424:Edward I
2390:Henry II
2289:Edmund I
2278:Ălfweard
2236:monarchs
2230:Scottish
2133:James VI
2118:James IV
2108:James II
2088:David II
2083:Robert I
2059:Margaret
1989:Duncan I
1908:Donald I
1853:Drest IX
1823:AlpĂn II
1818:Ciniod I
1813:Bridei V
1808:Ăengus I
1773:Drest VI
1728:Bridei I
1708:Cailtram
1698:Drest IV
1683:Drest II
1673:Talorc I
1284:For the
1194:, p. 51.
989:, p. 29.
937:, c. 33.
802:Somerled
779:Soulseat
675:Jedburgh
655:Margaret
606:, where
572:Holyrood
560:Galloway
524:Toulouse
516:Carlisle
465:Henry II
415:Somerled
392:Henry II
388:Galloway
376:Somerled
322:Carlisle
306:Donnchad
280:Roxburgh
233:tastes.
125:Jedburgh
106:Scotland
2835:Mary II
2741:James V
2721:James I
2657:David I
2622:Macbeth
2554:Eochaid
2449:Henry V
2384:Matilda
2378:Stephen
2373:Henry I
2234:British
2228:,
2226:English
2182:Ireland
2178:England
2153:Mary II
2123:James V
2103:James I
2034:David I
1994:Macbeth
1928:Eochaid
1883:Drest X
1803:AlpĂn I
1743:Cinioch
1718:Drest V
1668:Drest I
1611:William
1562:David I
1321:Anon.;
1307:Anon.;
1279:Sources
1107:Outlaws
1079:Outlaws
1043:, III;
987:Outlaws
974:Outlaws
948:David I
913:David I
900:David I
820:Swinton
604:Renfrew
600:Glasgow
591:Babylon
568:Uchtred
536:Ferchar
505:Chester
493:Chester
485:Cumbria
481:William
473:Stephen
467:in 1157
429:, over
398:. Only
318:regency
257:David I
236:Called
227:David I
155:Dunkeld
80:David I
2746:Mary I
2627:Lulach
2591:AmlaĂb
2585:CuilĂŠn
2575:Indulf
2501:Philip
2496:Mary I
2299:Eadwig
2294:Eadred
1999:Lulach
1964:AmlaĂb
1959:CuilĂŠn
1949:Indulf
1838:Conall
1587:Vacant
1549:
1468:
1454:
1437:
1423:
1409:
1401:, ed.
1388:
1374:
1360:
1343:
1329:
1315:
1288:, see
1266:21 May
1190:Oram,
1068:, III.
946:Oram,
911:Oram,
898:Oram,
752:Lanark
748:Forfar
520:France
390:; and
384:Fergus
380:Argyll
349:Wimund
314:rector
171:Mother
161:Father
137:Burial
2647:Edgar
2547:Giric
2413:Louis
2320:Sweyn
2024:Edgar
1923:Giric
1863:Uurad
1783:Taran
1551:Died:
1544:Born:
736:Crail
532:Perth
431:Cowal
326:Scone
203:Virgo
150:House
56:Reign
2877:Anne
2840:Anne
2833:and
2689:John
2498:and
2490:Jane
2407:John
2331:Cnut
2180:and
2163:Anne
2128:Mary
2071:John
1858:Uuen
1466:ISBN
1452:ISBN
1435:ISBN
1421:ISBN
1407:ISBN
1386:ISBN
1372:ISBN
1358:ISBN
1341:ISBN
1327:ISBN
1313:ISBN
1268:2011
1167:SAEC
1091:SAEC
1045:SAEC
1020:SAEC
1004:SAEC
754:and
602:and
475:and
337:The
112:Died
100:Born
2580:Dub
2540:Ăed
1954:Dub
1918:Ăed
1522:at
1512:at
1018:in
1002:in
734:of
499:in
459:in
278:or
2971::
1446:;
1397:;
1352:;
1300:;
847:^
804:,
750:,
746:,
742:,
738:,
703:.
665:.
622:.
546:,
538:,
425:,
402:,
394:,
382:;
308:,
197::
193:;
189::
2218:e
2211:t
2204:v
2184:.
1642:e
1635:t
1628:v
1292:.
1270:.
641:)
263:.
185:(
127:,
120:)
116:(
20:)
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