205:
481:
accepts Jean, Krenak (Aimore), Karaja, Maxakalian, Ofaie, Rikbaktsa, and
Yabutian (Jabuti). Lexical parallels with Kamakanan and Purian have yet to be corroborated with reconstructions; the similarities with Purian disappear once Coropo is reclassified as Maxakalian. It notes suggestive grammatical
1994:
Martins, Andérbio Márcio Silva; Ana Suelly Arruda Câmara Cabral; Maxwel Gomes
Miranda; Lucivaldo Silva da Costa; e Lidiane Szerwinsk Camargos (2016). "O TRONCO MACRO-JÊ: HIPÓTESES E CONTRIBUIÇÕES DE ARYON DALL'IGNA RODRIGUES". In:
4827:
1526:
Some Macro-Jê languages from different branches have secondarily contacted with each other, also resulting in lexical loans. Ribeiro (2012), for instance, identifies several
6141:
6172:
962:
4808:
6129:
4786:
267:
The Macro-Jê family was first proposed in 1926, and has undergone moderate modifications since then. Kaufman (1990) finds the proposal "probable".
6136:
2131:
4673:
1538:
group. These loans are thought to have entered Mẽbêngôkre from the variety spoken by the Xambioá group of the Karajá people. Examples include
6119:
2775:
6124:
1821:
5079:
482:
similarities with
Bororoan, Kariri, and Chiquitano, of the kind also shared with Tupian and Cariban, but little lexical evidence.
6027:
5586:
1693:
1288:
Proto-Macro-Jê is notable for having relatively few consonants and a large vocalic inventory. There are also complex onsets with
4801:
5974:
4821:
4817:
4188:
3769:
5535:
4298:
2403:
1717:
1145:
1063:
6177:
2124:
3270:
1736:
Kaufman, Terrence. (1990). Language history in South
America: What we know and how to know more. In D. L. Payne (Ed.),
4816:
5994:
4794:
4455:
1745:
1123:
6146:
6014:
5949:
5399:
4431:
3670:
1278:
5959:
4857:
3589:
3525:
2768:
1712:
463:
5303:
4202:
3444:
6167:
3953:
2117:
6068:
5969:
5964:
5779:
5388:
4668:
4315:
3450:
3275:
3061:
3055:
2979:
1924:. Edited by Harriet E. Manelis Klein and Louisa R. Stark. University of Texas Press, 1985. pp. 286–303.
1397:
5692:
1870:
5999:
5979:
4678:
4663:
4362:
3663:
3650:
3421:
3382:
448:
5914:
5954:
5438:
4658:
4652:
4437:
3710:
3628:
3601:
3305:
3295:
2264:
1799:
1417:
2465:
2182:
1469:
1104:
6103:
5989:
5939:
5503:
5098:
4224:
3885:
3682:
3480:
3340:
3310:
3300:
3290:
2996:
2761:
815:
44:
5944:
5929:
5830:
5745:
5508:
5288:
5185:
4636:
4443:
4419:
4394:
4367:
4350:
3360:
3315:
3285:
3258:
2829:
2784:
5904:
5899:
5454:
4683:
4490:
4127:
4115:
3947:
3009:
3002:
2818:
2334:
1589:
are found in many, if not all, Macro-Jê languages spoken in Brazil. Examples from
Maxakalí include
2354:
2198:
1413:
1199:
Nikulin (2020) does not accept the following languages and language families as part of Macro-Jê.
5934:
3688:
3613:
3016:
2966:
2259:
1661:
1531:
844:
240:
4917:
2444:
2289:
1081:
372:
120:
6088:
6048:
5924:
5919:
5909:
5894:
5432:
5204:
5118:
5083:
4702:
4550:
4345:
4121:
4074:
3704:
3621:
3280:
3264:
3072:
2973:
2836:
2812:
1337:
1028:
5360:
5140:
4340:
1512:
has borrowed extensively from an unidentified Tupí-Guaraní variety; one example is
Chiquitano
6098:
6078:
6063:
6022:
5984:
5769:
5721:
5606:
5333:
5263:
5200:
4748:
4646:
4335:
4138:
3928:
3917:
3879:
3486:
3460:
3365:
3355:
3038:
2954:
2805:
2254:
1340:
family, which resulted in lexical borrowings. For instance, Ribeiro (2012) finds a number of
918:
417:
95:
5545:
5019:
4174:
2166:
1517:
1203:
879:
309:
6073:
6053:
5855:
5789:
5594:
5443:
4723:
4480:
4288:
4261:
4244:
4212:
4110:
3824:
3749:
3676:
3455:
3432:
3404:
3335:
3246:
3027:
2585:
1586:
999:
5650:
5166:
5026:
4608:
2677:
2639:
2522:
2459:
2305:
1449:
1393:
1373:
1341:
1325:
1097:
8:
6093:
6058:
6032:
5550:
5525:
5418:
5354:
5310:
5259:
5249:
5092:
4944:
4500:
4404:
4304:
4293:
4255:
4234:
4132:
4091:
3866:
3848:
3842:
3817:
3810:
3803:
3716:
3699:
3438:
3104:
3091:
2985:
2935:
2792:
2653:
1657:
1509:
1236:
703:
441:
4902:
2580:
2498:
2433:
2316:
2249:
2206:
1181:
1141:
992:
900:
344:
323:
164:
5846:
5825:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5784:
5726:
5638:
5611:
5513:
5496:
5367:
5343:
5298:
5281:
5244:
5239:
5054:
4937:
4897:
4846:
4414:
4409:
4399:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4356:
4325:
4320:
4273:
4267:
4218:
4163:
4086:
3970:
3934:
3895:
3837:
3644:
3639:
3350:
3109:
3078:
3044:
3032:
2991:
2866:
2617:
2572:
2562:
2270:
1700:
985:
976:
906:
891:
518:
470:
406:
398:
259:, with most other branches currently being single languages due to recent extinctions.
158:
137:
131:
5664:
5061:
5040:
4907:
4511:
4474:
2721:
2698:
2684:
2607:
2599:
2529:
2515:
2508:
2486:
2479:
2472:
2453:
2421:
2188:
1527:
1421:
1324:
For a list of Proto-Macro-Jê reconstructions by
Nikulin (2020), see the corresponding
1208:
1175:
1169:
1162:
1130:
1117:
1110:
1087:
1043:
951:
623:
421:
354:
191:
144:
6083:
6004:
5731:
5704:
5617:
5566:
5482:
5448:
5422:
5394:
5379:
5315:
5005:
4866:
4425:
4330:
4310:
4249:
4229:
3940:
3901:
3872:
3860:
3797:
3743:
3721:
3694:
3634:
3607:
3426:
3387:
3377:
3345:
3218:
3144:
3126:
3120:
3022:
2940:
2854:
2362:
2221:
2157:
1741:
1152:
871:
809:
746:
653:
607:
580:
459:
5671:
5221:
5214:
4952:
4930:
4923:
4516:
4505:
4485:
2823:
2691:
2557:
2388:
2298:
2244:
1219:
1015:
969:
425:
380:
285:
5835:
5802:
5758:
5739:
5685:
5644:
5624:
5540:
5489:
5475:
5468:
5461:
5405:
5321:
5234:
5228:
5104:
4978:
4973:
4912:
4873:
4733:
4593:
4583:
4578:
4532:
4526:
4495:
4388:
4283:
4207:
4145:
4097:
4032:
4025:
4018:
4011:
4004:
3993:
3977:
3912:
3907:
3890:
3831:
3725:
3657:
3568:
3535:
3503:
3399:
3371:
3320:
3241:
3225:
3211:
3193:
3186:
3172:
3132:
3114:
3098:
3084:
2906:
2889:
2710:
2666:
2627:
2412:
2367:
2311:
2231:
1882:
1289:
1224:
1214:
1073:
912:
836:
822:
763:
756:
723:
697:
552:
455:
388:
362:
294:
176:
170:
125:
5179:
5111:
5047:
5033:
5012:
4573:
4521:
3513:
1887:
1844:
5861:
5795:
5631:
5575:
5349:
5293:
5146:
4998:
4991:
4984:
4728:
4603:
4588:
4557:
4278:
4239:
4104:
4050:
3922:
3784:
3550:
3545:
3410:
3325:
3206:
3199:
3179:
3161:
3066:
3049:
2848:
2633:
2427:
2343:
2239:
2211:
2000:
1535:
1497:
1050:
857:
850:
786:
717:
688:
633:
587:
567:
535:
317:
301:
224:
90:
5271:
5267:
4892:
2148:
1409:
1268:
1023:
278:
256:
115:
5889:
5868:
5751:
5714:
5678:
5172:
5158:
5134:
5127:
4738:
4598:
4567:
4538:
4169:
4055:
4038:
3988:
3983:
3854:
3791:
3561:
3555:
3475:
3470:
3416:
3393:
3138:
2960:
2917:
2900:
2894:
2872:
2860:
2744:
2646:
1925:
885:
795:
770:
736:
711:
663:
542:
511:
501:
333:
151:
60:
2103:
1977:. Rio de Janeiro: Junta das Missões Nacionais da Convenção Batista Brasileira.
236:
6161:
5657:
5600:
5560:
4622:
4562:
4544:
4060:
4044:
3998:
3755:
3575:
3540:
3530:
3508:
3465:
3330:
2911:
2843:
2728:
2216:
1299:
Phonological inventory of Proto-Macro-Jê as reconstructed by
Nikulin (2020):
865:
673:
525:
228:
2753:
490:
Jolkesky (2016) proposes the following internal classification of Macro-Jê:
5068:
3519:
1982:
Romnhitsi'ubumro: a'uwê mreme = waradzu mreme: Dicionário xavante-português
1336:
Many Macro-Jê languages have been in contact with various languages of the
1293:
1229:
939:
Nikulin (2020) proposes the following internal classification of Macro-Jê:
433:
56:
2059:. Guajará-Mirim: Universidade Federal de Rondônia. (Masters dissertation).
2052:. Guajará-Mirim: Universidade Federal de Rondônia. (Masters dissertation).
1956:. Série linguística, 1:101–161. Brasília: Summer Institute of Linguistics.
469:
Pache (2018) suggests a distant genetic relationship between Macro-Jê and
2057:
Dicionário
Arikapu/Português – Registro de uma língua indígena amazônica
1273:
3166:
1318:
2098:
1804:(Ph.D. dissertation) (2 ed.). Brasília: Universidade de Brasília.
2109:
2080:. Paris: Université Denis Diderot – Paris 7. (Doctoral dissertation).
1935:. Recife: Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. (Masters dissertation).
1913:
Arikapú, M.; Arikapú, N.; Van Der Voort, H.; Alves, A. C. F. (2010).
477:
248:
185:
70:
1989:
Revisão da família lingüística Kamakã proposta por
Chestmir Loukotka
2050:
Dicionário Djeoromitxi-Português: registro da língua do povo Jabuti
2031:. Maceió: Universidade Federal de Alagoas. (Doctoral dissertation).
1908:
Pequeno dicionário indígena Maxakali-Português / Português Maxakali
1781:
252:
77:
66:
1959:
Hall, Joan And Macleod, Ruth Alice And Mitchell, Valerie. (2004).
1738:
Amazonian linguistics: Studies in lowland South American languages
204:
52:
462:
families, and Rodrigues (2000) and Ribeiro connect them all as a
244:
81:
48:
1954:
Gramática karajá: um estudo preliminar em forma transformacional
1801:
Estudo arqueo-ecolinguístico das terras tropicais sul-americanas
4762:
Families with question marks (?) are disputed or controversial.
4743:
4641:
1838:
1836:
1699:
Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with
1685:
232:
40:
2022:
Dicionário Enciclopédico Inyrybè/Karajá – Português Brasileiro
1372:'garbage (Javaé dialect)') as well as several Karajá loans in
1864:
1862:
1833:
1637:); in Karajá, Ribeiro (2012) documents the Portuguese loans
2036:
Dicionário Maxakalí-Português; Glossário Português-Maxakalí
1991:. Brasília: University de Brasília. (Masters dissertation).
1942:. Universidade Federal da Paraíba. (Doctoral dissertation).
1311:
Vowels: */a, â, ə, ə̂, y, o, ô, u, e, ê, i, ə̃, ỹ, ũ, ẽ, ĩ/
2045:. Chicago: University of Chicago. (Doctoral dissertation).
1859:
1829:(Ph.D. dissertation). Brasília: Universidade de Brasília.
1975:
Dicionário escolar Xerente-Português, Porturguês-Xerente
1968:
Reconstrução fonológica e lexical do Proto-Jê Meridional
1922:
South American Indian Languages: Retrospect and Prospect
1845:"As línguas Maxakalí e Krenák dentro do tronco Macro-Jê"
2106:: Macro-Jê languages and cultures, from past to present
1961:
Pequeno dicionário xavánte-português, português-xavánte
1940:
Um estudo gramatical da língua Dzubukuá, família Karirí
1917:. (Cadernos de Etnolingüística. Série Monografias, 1).
1843:
Nikulin, Andrey; Silva, Mário André Coelho da (2020).
2029:
Ofayé, a língua do povo do mel: Fonologia e Gramática
2006:
Monteiro, C. (1948). Vocabulário Português-Botocudo.
1769:(Ph.D. dissertation). Chicago: University of Chicago.
1740:(pp. 13–67). Austin: University of Texas Press.
895:
799:
790:
774:
750:
740:
677:
667:
657:
647:
637:
627:
617:
611:
601:
591:
571:
556:
546:
505:
454:
These languages share irregular morphology with the
392:
366:
348:
336:
326:
288:
2008:
Boletim do Museu Paulista, Documentação Lingüística
1920:Davis, Irvine. "Some Macro-Jê Relationships". In:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1660:or from an extinct variety close to Chiquitano in
6159:
1984:. Campo Grande: Missão Salesiana de Mato Grosso.
1782:Contributions to Chibchan Historical Linguistics
1760:
1758:
1756:
1754:
1656:There is a significant number of loanwords from
6173:Indigenous languages of South America (Central)
1949:. Rio de Janeiro: Museu Nacional. (Manuscript).
1808:
1793:
1791:
1303:Consonants: */p, m, w, t, n, r, c, ñ, j, k, ŋ/
2001:https://doi.org/10.5902/fragmentum.v0i46.23392
4802:
2783:
2769:
2125:
1785:. Doctoral dissertation, Universiteit Leiden.
1751:
209:The Macro-Jê families of Kaufman's conception
4772:Families with more than 30 languages are in
1963:. Brasília: Summer Institute of Linguistics.
1926:http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7560/775923.9
1842:
1788:
2333:
1945:Emmerich, Ch.; Monserrat. R. M. F. (1973).
1798:Jolkesky, Marcelo Pinho de Valhery (2016).
1516:'sugarcane', borrowed from a form close to
4809:
4795:
2776:
2762:
2132:
2118:
2020:Oliveira, C.; Whan, Ch. (coords.) (2013).
1534:, especially in the dialect spoken by the
247:, as well as (formerly) in small parts of
4818:Indigenous language families and isolates
2034:Popovich, A. H.; Popovich, F. B. (2005).
1886:
1797:
4883:
2013:Nonato, R.; Suyá, J.; Suyá, K. (2012).
1973:Krieger, W. B.; Krieger, G. C. (1994).
1875:Revista Brasileira de Línguas Indígenas
1871:"Contacto de lenguas en la Chiquitanía"
1868:
1823:Proto-Macro-Jê: um estudo reconstrutivo
1819:
1764:
6160:
2230:
2156:
2139:
2085:Aruá, Makurap, Žabotí, Arikapó, Tuparí
5156:
4790:
2757:
2212:Mẽbêngôkre (dialects: Kayapó, Xikrín)
2113:
1508:'non-Indigenous person, foreigner').
1970:. Universidade Estadual de Campinas.
1408:'White man'). Loans from one of the
1562:'puba flour', borrowed from Karajá
1331:
13:
1899:
1235:However, Nikulin (2020) considers
485:
14:
6189:
2092:
2024:. Rio de Janeiro: Museo do índio.
2017:. Rio de Janeiro: Museu do Indio.
1546:(Xikrin dialect) 'tobacco pipe',
1306:Complex onsets: */pr, mr, kr, ŋr/
1242:
934:
1765:Ribeiro, Eduardo Rivail (2012).
440:Greenberg. Ribeiro does include
203:
2064:Wörterbuch der Botokudensprache
1613:'TV' (borrowed from Portuguese
695:Jeoromitxi-Arikapu (Yabutian):
1933:Aspectos da fonologia Dzubukuá
1773:
1730:
420:finds no evidence to classify
1:
1938:de Queiroz, J. M. C. (2012).
1931:de Queiroz, J. M. C. (2008).
1915:Vocabulário Arikapú-Português
1888:10.18468/rbli.2019v2n2.p05-30
1723:
1718:Trans–São Francisco languages
1344:loanwords in Karajá (such as
2099:Bibliografia Macro-Jê Online
2015:Dicionário Kĩsêdjê-Português
1696:spirit', among many others.
1392:'Irabure ceremonial mask'),
1239:to be a sister of Macro-Jê.
7:
1966:Jolkesky, M. P. V. (2010).
1849:Cadernos de Etnolingüística
1706:
1444:'paper (Xambioá dialect)',
1368:'Txakohi ceremonial mask',
1314:Maximal syllable structure:
1263:Lower-order reconstructions
262:
10:
6194:
6178:Proposed language families
5536:Arawan–Harákmbut–Katukinan
2078:Morphosyntaxe du Rikbaktsa
2055:Ribeiro, R. M. L. (2008).
1999:, nº 46 (agosto): 101-35.
1987:Martins, A. M. S. (2007).
1906:Antunes, M. A. D. (1999).
6112:
6041:
6013:
5882:
5844:
5768:
5702:
5585:
5524:
5417:
5377:
5331:
5258:
5198:
5078:
4966:
4856:
4836:
4757:
4716:
4693:
4632:
4621:
4465:
4198:
4187:
4155:
4082:
4073:
3962:
3779:
3768:
3735:
3597:
3588:
3496:
3254:
3240:
3154:
2949:
2931:
2882:
2800:
2791:
2785:Primary language families
2738:
2708:
2664:
2616:
2598:
2571:
2550:
2543:
2496:
2443:
2411:
2402:
2380:
2353:
2288:
2197:
2174:
2165:
2147:
2071:Dicionário Iatê-Português
2066:. Hamburg: Fr. W. Thaden.
1779:Pache, Matthias J. 2018.
1292:, as well as contrastive
1279:Proto-Trans–São Francisco
1262:
1254:
1249:
202:
184:
109:
91:Linguistic classification
89:
31:
26:
21:
16:Language family in Brazil
3602:Arnhem/Macro-Gunwinyguan
2076:Silva, L. de J. (2011).
2027:Oliveira. M. D. (2006).
1869:Nikulin, Andrey (2020).
1820:Nikulin, Andrey (2020).
255:. It is centered on the
4769:have no living members.
2048:Ribeiro, M. A. (2008).
2041:Ribeiro, E. R. (2012).
1952:Fortune, D. L. (1973).
1713:Je–Tupi–Carib languages
416:Eduardo Ribeiro of the
6137:Unclassified languages
4749:Unclassified languages
4703:list of sign languages
3671:Northeastern Tasmanian
2317:Akwẽ-Xerénte (Xerénte)
1418:Língua Geral Amazônica
1255:Reconstruction of
5707:, Bolivia, and Chile)
5528:(west-central Brazil)
4724:Constructed languages
1980:Lachnitt, G. (1987).
1645:'suit, jacket' (from
1420:) have been found in
1414:Língua Geral Paulista
1317:/CrVC°/, where /°/ =
418:University of Chicago
39:Non-coastal parts of
3271:Binanderean–Goilalan
2062:Rudolph, B. (1909).
1947:Vocabulário Botocudo
1680:'turtle, tortoise',
1587:Brazilian Portuguese
1558:'relative, friend',
1542:(Kayapó dialect) or
223:) is a medium-sized
6130:Marañón River basin
5995:Tequiraca–Canichana
5975:Maya–Yunga–Chipayan
4553:(Maku-Auari/Jukude)
4456:Tequiraca–Canichana
4299:Harákmbut–Katukinan
3062:Northwest Caucasian
3056:Northeast Caucasian
2980:Chukotko-Kamchatkan
2404:Trans–São Francisco
2083:Sekelj, T. (n.d.).
2043:A grammar of Karajá
1767:A grammar of Karajá
1348:'carrying basket',
1146:Trans-São Francisco
1064:Trans–São Francisco
6168:Macro-Jê languages
5950:Esmeralda–Yaruroan
5883:Proposed groupings
4837:Language families
4175:Tarascan/Purépecha
3664:Northern Tasmanian
3422:South Bougainville
3383:North Bougainville
2141:Macro-Jê languages
2069:Sá, A. C. (2000).
1701:Arawakan languages
1550:'kind of basket',
1518:Paraguayan Guaraní
1448:'money (dated)'),
1398:Asuriní of Trocará
1364:'parakeet (sp.)',
1326:Portuguese article
1258:Macro-Jê languages
1144:(possibly part of
684:Macro-Jê, Nuclear
257:Jê language family
197:(Nuclear–Macro–Je)
6155:
6154:
6125:Extinct languages
5878:
5877:
5194:
5193:
4962:
4961:
4831:
4784:
4783:
4734:Language isolates
4712:
4711:
4617:
4616:
4183:
4182:
4069:
4068:
3764:
3763:
3711:Western Tasmanian
3629:Eastern Tasmanian
3584:
3583:
3306:East Geelvink Bay
3236:
3235:
2927:
2926:
2751:
2750:
2745:extinct languages
2640:Bororo of Cabaçal
2594:
2593:
2539:
2538:
2398:
2397:
2376:
2375:
2368:Laklãnõ (Xokléng)
2329:
2328:
2325:
2324:
2284:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2104:The Jê-cyclopedia
2073:. Recife: Garcia.
1653:), among others.
1286:
1285:
1093:Nuclear Maxakalí
816:Kaingang Paulista
804:Kaingang-Xokleng
282:(45,000 speakers)
214:
213:
6185:
6147:Linguistic areas
6015:Linguistic areas
5557:? Mura–Matanawí
5304:Andoque–Urequena
5154:
5153:
4881:
4880:
4854:
4853:
4825:
4811:
4804:
4797:
4788:
4787:
4630:
4629:
4584:Huaorani/Waorani
4468:(extant in 2000)
4432:Esmeralda–Yaruro
4203:Andoque–Urequena
4196:
4195:
4080:
4079:
3886:Plateau Penutian
3777:
3776:
3752:(Northern Daly?)
3595:
3594:
3481:Northwest Papuan
3445:Trans–New Guinea
3311:East New Britain
3286:Central Solomons
3252:
3251:
2997:Great Andamanese
2947:
2946:
2798:
2797:
2778:
2771:
2764:
2755:
2754:
2548:
2547:
2409:
2408:
2351:
2350:
2331:
2330:
2228:
2227:
2172:
2171:
2163:
2162:
2154:
2153:
2134:
2127:
2120:
2111:
2110:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1866:
1857:
1856:
1840:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1817:
1806:
1805:
1795:
1786:
1777:
1771:
1770:
1762:
1749:
1734:
1703:due to contact.
1332:Language contact
1247:
1246:
1158:Southern Kamakã
897:
801:
792:
776:
752:
742:
679:
669:
659:
649:
639:
629:
619:
613:
603:
593:
576:Maxakali-Pataxo
573:
558:
548:
507:
394:
376:(2,000 speakers)
368:
358:(2,700 speakers)
350:
338:
328:
320:(1,400 speakers)
290:
235:but also in the
207:
198:
194:
19:
18:
6193:
6192:
6188:
6187:
6186:
6184:
6183:
6182:
6158:
6157:
6156:
6151:
6108:
6037:
6009:
5970:Mataco–Guaicuru
5965:Katembri–Taruma
5930:Macro-Puinavean
5915:Macro-Otomákoan
5874:
5840:
5780:Mataco–Guaicuru
5764:
5698:
5581:
5520:
5413:
5389:Sechura–Catacao
5378:Pacific coast (
5373:
5332:Pacific coast (
5327:
5254:
5190:
5152:
5074:
4958:
4879:
4852:
4838:
4832:
4830:classification)
4824:
4815:
4785:
4780:
4779:
4753:
4739:Mixed languages
4708:
4689:
4624:
4613:
4467:
4461:
4316:Katembri–Taruma
4190:
4179:
4151:
4065:
3958:
3771:
3760:
3731:
3580:
3492:
3451:Turama–Kikorian
3361:Lower Mamberamo
3316:East Strickland
3244:
3232:
3150:
2938:
2933:
2923:
2878:
2787:
2782:
2752:
2747:
2734:
2704:
2660:
2612:
2590:
2567:
2535:
2492:
2466:Ritual Maxakalí
2439:
2394:
2372:
2349:
2321:
2290:Central (Akuwẽ)
2276:
2226:
2193:
2183:Southern Kayapó
2143:
2138:
2095:
2090:
2087:. (Manuscript).
1910:. Juiz de Fora.
1902:
1900:Further reading
1897:
1896:
1867:
1860:
1841:
1834:
1826:
1818:
1809:
1796:
1789:
1778:
1774:
1763:
1752:
1735:
1731:
1726:
1709:
1585:Loanwords from
1554:'song, chant',
1496:'potato'), and
1470:Ritual Maxakalí
1388:'turtle stew',
1360:'macaw (sp.)',
1334:
1245:
1197:
1105:Ritual Maxakalí
937:
932:
863:Suya-Tapayuna:
488:
486:Jolkesky (2016)
414:
265:
225:language family
210:
196:
190:
33:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6191:
6181:
6180:
6175:
6170:
6153:
6152:
6150:
6149:
6144:
6142:Classification
6139:
6134:
6133:
6132:
6122:
6116:
6114:
6110:
6109:
6107:
6106:
6101:
6096:
6091:
6086:
6081:
6076:
6071:
6066:
6061:
6056:
6051:
6045:
6043:
6039:
6038:
6036:
6035:
6030:
6028:Mamoré–Guaporé
6025:
6019:
6017:
6011:
6010:
6008:
6007:
6002:
6000:Wamo–Chapakura
5997:
5992:
5987:
5982:
5980:Moseten–Chonan
5977:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5905:Macro-Chibchan
5902:
5900:Macro-Arawakan
5897:
5892:
5886:
5884:
5880:
5879:
5876:
5875:
5873:
5872:
5865:
5858:
5852:
5850:
5842:
5841:
5839:
5838:
5833:
5828:
5823:
5818:
5813:
5808:
5807:
5806:
5799:
5792:
5787:
5775:
5773:
5766:
5765:
5763:
5762:
5755:
5748:
5743:
5736:
5735:
5734:
5729:
5718:
5710:
5708:
5700:
5699:
5697:
5696:
5689:
5682:
5675:
5668:
5661:
5654:
5647:
5642:
5635:
5628:
5621:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5597:
5591:
5589:
5587:Mamoré–Guaporé
5583:
5582:
5580:
5579:
5572:
5571:
5570:
5563:
5555:
5554:
5553:
5548:
5543:
5531:
5529:
5522:
5521:
5519:
5518:
5517:
5516:
5511:
5500:
5493:
5486:
5479:
5472:
5465:
5458:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5428:
5426:
5415:
5414:
5412:
5411:
5410:
5409:
5402:
5391:
5385:
5383:
5375:
5374:
5372:
5371:
5364:
5357:
5352:
5347:
5339:
5337:
5329:
5328:
5326:
5325:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5307:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5285:
5277:
5275:
5256:
5255:
5253:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5225:
5218:
5210:
5208:
5196:
5195:
5192:
5191:
5189:
5188:
5183:
5176:
5169:
5163:
5161:
5151:
5150:
5143:
5138:
5131:
5124:
5123:
5122:
5115:
5108:
5095:
5089:
5087:
5076:
5075:
5073:
5072:
5065:
5058:
5051:
5044:
5037:
5030:
5023:
5016:
5009:
5002:
4995:
4988:
4981:
4976:
4970:
4968:
4967:Eastern Brazil
4964:
4963:
4960:
4959:
4957:
4956:
4948:
4941:
4934:
4927:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4889:
4887:
4878:
4877:
4870:
4862:
4860:
4851:
4850:
4842:
4840:
4834:
4833:
4814:
4813:
4806:
4799:
4791:
4782:
4781:
4778:
4777:
4770:
4763:
4759:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4752:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4720:
4718:
4714:
4713:
4710:
4709:
4707:
4706:
4697:
4695:
4691:
4690:
4688:
4687:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4664:Indo-Pakistani
4661:
4656:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4633:
4627:
4619:
4618:
4615:
4614:
4612:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4547:
4542:
4535:
4530:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4471:
4469:
4463:
4462:
4460:
4459:
4453:
4447:
4441:
4435:
4429:
4423:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4363:Piaroa–Saliban
4360:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4264:
4259:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4199:
4193:
4185:
4184:
4181:
4180:
4178:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4159:
4157:
4153:
4152:
4150:
4149:
4142:
4135:
4130:
4128:Tequistlatecan
4125:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4101:
4094:
4089:
4083:
4077:
4071:
4070:
4067:
4066:
4064:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4041:
4036:
4029:
4022:
4015:
4008:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3974:
3966:
3964:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3956:
3951:
3944:
3937:
3932:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3876:
3869:
3864:
3857:
3852:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3828:
3821:
3814:
3807:
3800:
3795:
3788:
3780:
3774:
3766:
3765:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3758:
3753:
3747:
3739:
3737:
3733:
3732:
3730:
3729:
3719:
3714:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3686:
3679:
3674:
3667:
3660:
3655:
3651:Marrku–Wurrugu
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3625:
3618:
3610:
3605:
3598:
3592:
3586:
3585:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3578:
3573:
3565:
3559:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3517:
3511:
3506:
3500:
3498:
3494:
3493:
3491:
3490:
3484:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3441:
3436:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3261:
3255:
3249:
3238:
3237:
3234:
3233:
3231:
3230:
3222:
3215:
3209:
3204:
3196:
3191:
3183:
3176:
3169:
3164:
3158:
3156:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3148:
3142:
3136:
3130:
3124:
3118:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3095:
3088:
3081:
3076:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3013:
3010:Hurro-Urartian
3006:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2982:
2977:
2970:
2963:
2958:
2950:
2944:
2929:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2921:
2915:
2909:
2904:
2897:
2892:
2886:
2884:
2880:
2879:
2877:
2876:
2870:
2864:
2858:
2852:
2846:
2841:
2833:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2809:
2801:
2795:
2789:
2788:
2781:
2780:
2773:
2766:
2758:
2749:
2748:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2732:
2725:
2717:
2715:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2702:
2695:
2688:
2681:
2673:
2671:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2658:
2650:
2643:
2636:
2631:
2623:
2621:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2610:
2604:
2602:
2596:
2595:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2583:
2577:
2575:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2560:
2554:
2552:
2545:
2541:
2540:
2537:
2536:
2534:
2533:
2526:
2519:
2512:
2504:
2502:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2483:
2476:
2469:
2462:
2457:
2449:
2447:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2437:
2430:
2425:
2417:
2415:
2406:
2400:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2392:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2371:
2370:
2365:
2359:
2357:
2348:
2347:
2339:
2337:
2327:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2302:
2294:
2292:
2286:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2275:
2274:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2236:
2234:
2225:
2224:
2219:
2217:Kĩsêdjê (Suyá)
2214:
2209:
2203:
2201:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2191:
2186:
2178:
2176:
2169:
2160:
2151:
2145:
2144:
2137:
2136:
2129:
2122:
2114:
2108:
2107:
2101:
2094:
2093:External links
2091:
2089:
2088:
2081:
2074:
2067:
2060:
2053:
2046:
2039:
2038:. Brasil: SIL.
2032:
2025:
2018:
2011:
2004:
1992:
1985:
1978:
1971:
1964:
1957:
1950:
1943:
1936:
1929:
1918:
1911:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1858:
1832:
1807:
1787:
1772:
1750:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1708:
1705:
1468:'Black man'),
1333:
1330:
1322:
1321:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1284:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1264:
1260:
1259:
1256:
1252:
1251:
1250:Proto-Macro-Jê
1244:
1243:Proto-language
1241:
1233:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1206:
1196:
1195:
1194:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1189:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1185:
1166:
1156:
1138:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1134:
1127:
1124:Pataxó-Hãhãhãe
1114:
1101:
1091:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1060:
1059:
1058:
1047:
1020:
1007:
1006:
1005:
1004:
1003:
996:
982:
981:
980:
973:
956:
941:
936:
935:Nikulin (2020)
933:
931:
930:
929:
928:
927:
926:
925:
924:
923:
922:
875:
861:
854:
840:
830:
829:
828:
827:
826:
819:
802:
779:
778:
777:
767:
760:
753:
743:
727:
707:
693:
682:
681:
680:
670:
660:
644:
643:
642:
641:
640:
630:
616:Kamakã-Menien
614:
598:
597:
596:
595:
594:
584:
574:
561:
560:
559:
549:
539:
529:
522:
515:
508:
492:
487:
484:
413:
412:
411:
410:
403:
395:
385:
377:
369:
359:
351:
341:
340:
339:
331:
330:
329:
321:
307:
306:
305:
291:
283:
269:
264:
261:
219:(also spelled
212:
211:
208:
200:
199:
188:
182:
181:
180:
179:
173:
167:
161:
155:
148:
141:
134:
129:
123:
118:
111:
107:
106:
105:
104:
93:
87:
86:
85:
84:
74:
64:
61:Rio de Janeiro
35:
29:
28:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6190:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6165:
6163:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6131:
6128:
6127:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6117:
6115:
6111:
6105:
6104:French Guiana
6102:
6100:
6097:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6087:
6085:
6082:
6080:
6077:
6075:
6072:
6070:
6067:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6046:
6044:
6040:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6020:
6018:
6016:
6012:
6006:
6003:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5960:Je–Tupi–Carib
5958:
5956:
5955:Hibito–Cholon
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5935:Macro-Warpean
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5887:
5885:
5881:
5871:
5870:
5866:
5864:
5863:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5843:
5837:
5834:
5832:
5829:
5827:
5824:
5822:
5819:
5817:
5814:
5812:
5809:
5805:
5804:
5800:
5798:
5797:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5783:
5782:
5781:
5777:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5767:
5761:
5760:
5756:
5754:
5753:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5742:
5741:
5737:
5733:
5730:
5728:
5725:
5724:
5723:
5719:
5717:
5716:
5712:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5701:
5695:
5694:
5690:
5688:
5687:
5683:
5681:
5680:
5676:
5674:
5673:
5669:
5667:
5666:
5662:
5660:
5659:
5655:
5653:
5652:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5640:
5636:
5634:
5633:
5629:
5627:
5626:
5622:
5620:
5619:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5602:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5592:
5590:
5588:
5584:
5578:
5577:
5573:
5569:
5568:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5558:
5556:
5552:
5549:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5538:
5537:
5533:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5523:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5506:
5505:
5501:
5499:
5498:
5494:
5492:
5491:
5487:
5485:
5484:
5480:
5478:
5477:
5473:
5471:
5470:
5466:
5464:
5463:
5459:
5457:
5456:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5439:Hibito–Cholon
5437:
5435:
5434:
5430:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5420:
5416:
5408:
5407:
5403:
5401:
5400:Cañari–Puruhá
5398:
5397:
5396:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5376:
5370:
5369:
5365:
5363:
5362:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5345:
5341:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5330:
5324:
5323:
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5291:
5290:
5286:
5284:
5283:
5279:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5269:
5265:
5261:
5257:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5230:
5226:
5224:
5223:
5219:
5217:
5216:
5212:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5202:
5197:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5181:
5177:
5175:
5174:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5164:
5162:
5160:
5155:
5149:
5148:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5136:
5132:
5130:
5129:
5125:
5121:
5120:
5116:
5114:
5113:
5109:
5107:
5106:
5102:
5101:
5100:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5081:
5077:
5071:
5070:
5066:
5064:
5063:
5059:
5057:
5056:
5052:
5050:
5049:
5045:
5043:
5042:
5038:
5036:
5035:
5031:
5029:
5028:
5024:
5022:
5021:
5017:
5015:
5014:
5010:
5008:
5007:
5003:
5001:
5000:
4996:
4994:
4993:
4989:
4987:
4986:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4971:
4969:
4965:
4955:
4954:
4949:
4947:
4946:
4942:
4940:
4939:
4935:
4933:
4932:
4928:
4926:
4925:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4890:
4888:
4886:
4882:
4876:
4875:
4871:
4869:
4868:
4864:
4863:
4861:
4859:
4858:Je–Tupi–Carib
4855:
4849:
4848:
4844:
4843:
4841:
4835:
4829:
4828:Campbell 2012
4823:
4822:South America
4819:
4812:
4807:
4805:
4800:
4798:
4793:
4792:
4789:
4775:
4771:
4768:
4764:
4761:
4760:
4756:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4721:
4719:
4715:
4705:
4704:
4699:
4698:
4696:
4692:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4674:Original Thai
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4654:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4634:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4620:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4552:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4540:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4476:
4473:
4472:
4470:
4464:
4457:
4454:
4451:
4448:
4445:
4442:
4439:
4438:Hibito–Cholón
4436:
4433:
4430:
4427:
4424:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4390:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4358:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4306:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4269:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4257:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4220:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4200:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4186:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4165:
4161:
4160:
4158:
4154:
4148:
4147:
4143:
4141:
4140:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4123:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4106:
4102:
4100:
4099:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4084:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4072:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4046:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4034:
4030:
4028:
4027:
4023:
4021:
4020:
4016:
4014:
4013:
4009:
4007:
4006:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3975:
3973:
3972:
3968:
3967:
3965:
3961:
3955:
3954:Yuman–Cochimí
3952:
3950:
3949:
3945:
3943:
3942:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3930:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3903:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3877:
3875:
3874:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3862:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3850:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3833:
3829:
3827:
3826:
3822:
3820:
3819:
3815:
3813:
3812:
3808:
3806:
3805:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3793:
3789:
3787:
3786:
3782:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3767:
3757:
3754:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3745:
3741:
3740:
3738:
3734:
3727:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3712:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3690:
3689:Southern Daly
3687:
3685:
3684:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3672:
3668:
3666:
3665:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3653:
3652:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3630:
3626:
3624:
3623:
3619:
3616:
3615:
3614:Darwin Region
3611:
3609:
3606:
3603:
3600:
3599:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3587:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3570:
3566:
3563:
3560:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3521:
3518:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3495:
3488:
3485:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3446:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3434:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3412:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3395:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3373:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3296:Demta–Sentani
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3266:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3243:
3239:
3229:
3227:
3223:
3221:
3220:
3216:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3201:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3188:
3184:
3182:
3181:
3177:
3175:
3174:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3153:
3146:
3143:
3140:
3137:
3134:
3131:
3128:
3125:
3122:
3119:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3100:
3096:
3094:
3093:
3089:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3074:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3057:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3018:
3017:Indo-European
3014:
3012:
3011:
3007:
3005:
3004:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2987:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2975:
2971:
2969:
2968:
2967:Austroasiatic
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2956:
2952:
2951:
2948:
2945:
2942:
2937:
2930:
2919:
2916:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2902:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2881:
2874:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2856:
2853:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2839:
2838:
2834:
2832:
2831:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2810:
2808:
2807:
2803:
2802:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2790:
2786:
2779:
2774:
2772:
2767:
2765:
2760:
2759:
2756:
2746:
2742:
2737:
2731:
2730:
2726:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2712:
2707:
2701:
2700:
2696:
2694:
2693:
2689:
2687:
2686:
2682:
2680:
2679:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2668:
2663:
2656:
2655:
2651:
2649:
2648:
2644:
2642:
2641:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2629:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2615:
2609:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2601:
2597:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2576:
2574:
2570:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2553:
2549:
2546:
2542:
2532:
2531:
2527:
2525:
2524:
2520:
2518:
2517:
2513:
2511:
2510:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2495:
2489:
2488:
2484:
2482:
2481:
2477:
2475:
2474:
2470:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2455:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2446:
2442:
2436:
2435:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2423:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2401:
2391:
2390:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2379:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2352:
2346:
2345:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2336:
2332:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2303:
2301:
2300:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2287:
2273:
2272:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2229:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2196:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2135:
2130:
2128:
2123:
2121:
2116:
2115:
2112:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2086:
2082:
2079:
2075:
2072:
2068:
2065:
2061:
2058:
2054:
2051:
2047:
2044:
2040:
2037:
2033:
2030:
2026:
2023:
2019:
2016:
2012:
2009:
2005:
2002:
1998:
1993:
1990:
1986:
1983:
1979:
1976:
1972:
1969:
1965:
1962:
1958:
1955:
1951:
1948:
1944:
1941:
1937:
1934:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1916:
1912:
1909:
1905:
1904:
1889:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1865:
1863:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1839:
1837:
1825:
1824:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1803:
1802:
1794:
1792:
1784:
1783:
1776:
1768:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1747:
1746:0-292-70414-3
1743:
1739:
1733:
1729:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1704:
1702:
1697:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1662:Camba Spanish
1659:
1654:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1583:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1524:
1523:'sugarcane'.
1522:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1492:'foreigner',
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1384:'White man',
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1329:
1327:
1320:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1305:
1304:
1302:
1301:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1240:
1238:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1184:
1183:
1178:
1177:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1165:
1164:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1100:
1099:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1089:
1085:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1076:
1075:
1071:
1070:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1046:
1045:
1040:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1002:
1001:
997:
995:
994:
990:
989:
988:
987:
983:
979:
978:
974:
972:
971:
967:
966:
965:
964:
960:
959:
957:
955:
954:
953:
948:
947:
946:
943:
942:
940:
921:
920:
915:
914:
909:
908:
903:
902:
894:
893:
888:
887:
882:
881:
876:
874:
873:
868:
867:
862:
860:
859:
855:
853:
852:
847:
846:
841:
839:
838:
834:
833:
832:Jê, Northern
831:
825:
824:
820:
818:
817:
812:
811:
806:
805:
803:
798:
797:
789:
788:
783:
782:
781:Jê, Southern
780:
773:
772:
768:
766:
765:
761:
759:
758:
754:
749:
748:
744:
739:
738:
734:
733:
731:
730:
728:
726:
725:
720:
719:
714:
713:
708:
706:
705:
700:
699:
694:
691:
690:
686:
685:
683:
676:
675:
671:
666:
665:
661:
656:
655:
651:
650:
645:
636:
635:
631:
626:
625:
621:
620:
615:
610:
609:
605:
604:
599:
590:
589:
585:
583:
582:
578:
577:
575:
570:
569:
565:
564:
562:
555:
554:
550:
545:
544:
540:
538:
537:
533:
532:
530:
528:
527:
523:
521:
520:
516:
514:
513:
509:
504:
503:
499:
498:
497:
494:
493:
491:
483:
480:
479:
474:
472:
467:
465:
464:Je–Tupi–Carib
461:
457:
452:
450:
447:
443:
439:
435:
432:Kaufman, nor
431:
428:as Macro-Jê,
427:
423:
419:
409:
408:
404:
402:(40 speakers)
401:
400:
396:
391:
390:
386:
383:
382:
378:
375:
374:
370:
365:
364:
360:
357:
356:
352:
347:
346:
342:
335:
332:
325:
322:
319:
316:
315:
313:
312:
311:
308:
304:(10 speakers)
303:
300:
299:
297:
296:
292:
287:
284:
281:
280:
276:
275:
274:
271:
270:
268:
260:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
229:South America
226:
222:
218:
206:
201:
193:
189:
187:
183:
178:
174:
172:
168:
166:
162:
160:
156:
154:
153:
149:
147:
146:
142:
140:
139:
135:
133:
130:
127:
124:
122:
119:
117:
114:
113:
112:
108:
103:
100:
99:
97:
96:Je–Tupi–Carib
94:
92:
88:
83:
79:
75:
72:
68:
65:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
37:
36:
30:
25:
20:
5990:Saparo–Yawan
5940:Arutani–Sape
5925:Macro-Panoan
5920:Macro-Paesan
5910:Macro-Jibaro
5895:Macro-Andean
5867:
5860:
5831:Lule–Vilelan
5801:
5794:
5757:
5750:
5738:
5713:
5691:
5684:
5677:
5670:
5663:
5656:
5649:
5637:
5630:
5623:
5616:
5599:
5574:
5565:
5504:Saparo–Yawan
5495:
5488:
5481:
5474:
5467:
5460:
5453:
5433:Pano–Tacanan
5431:
5404:
5366:
5359:
5342:
5336:and Ecuador)
5320:
5280:
5227:
5220:
5213:
5178:
5171:
5145:
5133:
5126:
5117:
5110:
5103:
5099:Arutani–Sape
5067:
5060:
5053:
5046:
5039:
5032:
5025:
5018:
5011:
5004:
4997:
4990:
4983:
4951:
4943:
4936:
4929:
4922:
4884:
4872:
4865:
4845:
4839:and isolates
4773:
4766:
4765:Families in
4700:
4651:
4549:
4537:
4449:
4387:
4355:
4346:Pano-Tacanan
4303:
4266:
4254:
4225:Arutani–Sape
4217:
4162:
4144:
4137:
4122:Oto-Manguean
4120:
4103:
4096:
4043:
4031:
4024:
4017:
4010:
4003:
3976:
3969:
3946:
3939:
3927:
3900:
3878:
3871:
3859:
3847:
3830:
3823:
3816:
3809:
3802:
3790:
3783:
3742:
3709:
3705:Western Daly
3683:Pama–Nyungan
3681:
3669:
3662:
3649:
3627:
3622:Eastern Daly
3620:
3612:
3567:
3443:
3431:
3409:
3392:
3370:
3341:Kaure–Kosare
3301:Doso–Turumsa
3291:Chimbu–Wahgi
3281:Bulaka River
3265:Austronesian
3263:
3224:
3217:
3198:
3185:
3178:
3171:
3097:
3090:
3083:
3073:Sino-Tibetan
3071:
3054:
3037:
3015:
3008:
3001:
2984:
2974:Austronesian
2972:
2965:
2953:
2899:
2837:Nilo-Saharan
2835:
2828:
2813:Austronesian
2811:
2804:
2740:
2727:
2720:
2709:
2697:
2690:
2683:
2676:
2665:
2652:
2645:
2638:
2626:
2528:
2521:
2514:
2507:
2497:
2485:
2478:
2471:
2464:
2452:
2432:
2420:
2387:
2381:Unclassified
2342:
2335:Jê of Paraná
2304:
2297:
2269:
2181:
2140:
2084:
2077:
2070:
2063:
2056:
2049:
2042:
2035:
2028:
2021:
2014:
2007:
1996:
1988:
1981:
1974:
1967:
1960:
1953:
1946:
1939:
1932:
1921:
1914:
1907:
1878:
1874:
1852:
1848:
1822:
1800:
1780:
1775:
1766:
1737:
1732:
1698:
1689:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1672:'squirrel',
1669:
1665:
1664:, including
1655:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1641:'money' and
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1584:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1525:
1520:
1513:
1505:
1501:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1410:Língua Geral
1405:
1401:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1338:Tupí-Guaraní
1335:
1323:
1298:
1296:for vowels.
1294:nasalization
1287:
1269:Proto-Jabutí
1234:
1198:
1180:
1174:
1168:
1161:
1151:
1129:
1122:
1116:
1109:
1103:
1096:
1086:
1072:
1062:
1055:
1049:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1022:
1014:
1013:
998:
991:
984:
975:
968:
961:
950:
949:
944:
938:
919:Ramkokamekra
917:
911:
905:
899:
890:
884:
878:
870:
864:
856:
849:
843:
835:
821:
814:
808:
794:
785:
769:
762:
755:
745:
735:
732:Jê, Central
722:
716:
710:
702:
696:
692:(Chiquitano)
687:
672:
662:
652:
632:
622:
606:
586:
579:
566:
551:
541:
534:
524:
517:
510:
500:
495:
489:
476:
475:
468:
453:
445:
437:
429:
415:
405:
397:
387:
384:(2 speakers)
379:
371:
361:
353:
343:
293:
277:
272:
266:
231:, mostly in
220:
216:
215:
150:
143:
136:
110:Subdivisions
101:
34:distribution
5985:Quechumaran
5945:Bora–Witoto
5845:Far South (
5746:Uru–Chipaya
5722:Quechumaran
5607:Nambikwaran
5289:Bora–Witoto
5186:Ticuna–Yuri
4659:Germanosign
4563:Mura-Pirahã
4444:Lule–Vilela
4420:Bora-Witoto
4395:Uru–Chipaya
4368:Ticuna–Yuri
4351:Peba–Yaguan
4336:Nambikwaran
4139:Uto-Aztecan
4075:Mesoamerica
3929:Uto-Aztecan
3918:Tsimshianic
3880:Palaihnihan
3750:Malak-Malak
3487:Papuan Gulf
3461:West Papuan
3366:Lower Sepik
3356:Lakes Plain
3259:Arai–Samaia
3247:the Pacific
2955:Afroasiatic
2830:Niger–Congo
2806:Afroasiatic
2586:Djeoromitxi
2551:Mato Grosso
1881:(2): 5–30.
1688:leftover',
1601:'captain',
1597:'blanket',
1484:'tobacco',
1432:'firearm',
1412:varieties (
1056:Southern Jê
1039:Northern Jê
1000:Djeoromitxí
963:Mato Grosso
424:(Yatê) and
298:(Botocudo)
237:Chiquitanía
43:(except in
6162:Categories
5856:Qawasqaran
5790:Guaicuruan
5759:Mapudungun
5595:Chapacuran
5509:Peba–Yagua
5444:Cahuapanan
5361:Yurumanguí
4945:Chiquitano
4918:Maxakalian
4826:(based on
4653:Francosign
4501:Chiquitano
4481:Alacalufan
4289:Guaicuruan
4262:Chapacuran
4245:Cahuapanan
4213:Araucanian
4116:Mixe–Zoque
4111:Misumalpan
3825:Comecrudan
3677:Nyulnyulan
3456:Upper Yuat
3433:Torricelli
3405:Senu River
3336:Foja Range
3242:New Guinea
3167:Burushaski
3028:Kartvelian
3003:Hmong–Mien
2819:Khoe–Kwadi
2654:Gorgotoqui
2445:Maxakalían
1997:Fragmentum
1855:(1): 1–64.
1724:References
1676:'lizard',
1668:'genipa',
1658:Chiquitano
1593:'coffee',
1532:Mẽbêngôkre
1510:Chiquitano
1488:'banana',
1456:'priest',
1404:'banana',
1380:'banana',
1350:kòmỹdawyra
1319:echo vowel
1237:Chiquitano
845:Mẽbengokre
807:Kaingang:
704:Jeoromitxi
442:Chiquitano
373:Maxakalían
241:Santa Cruz
239:region in
121:Maxakalían
32:Geographic
6120:Languages
6089:Venezuela
6049:Argentina
6042:Countries
6033:Amazonian
5645:Mosetenan
5639:Canichana
5551:Katukinan
5546:Harákmbut
5497:Tequiraca
5368:Esmeralda
5355:Barbacoan
5311:Guajiboan
5250:Jirajaran
5205:Venezuela
5141:Otomacoan
5093:Yanomaman
5084:Venezuela
5020:Pankararú
4938:Rikbaktsá
4684:Tanzanian
4625:languages
4522:Hodï/Joti
4466:Isolates
4405:Yanomaman
4341:Otomákoan
4305:Jirajaran
4294:Guajiboan
4256:Catacaoan
4235:Barbacoan
4164:Cuitlatec
4133:Totonacan
4092:Jicaquean
3971:Chimariko
3867:Muskogean
3849:Kalapuyan
3843:Iroquoian
3818:Chumashan
3811:Chinookan
3804:Chimakuan
3722:Yangmanic
3717:Worrorran
3700:Wagaydyic
3590:Australia
3439:Trans-Fly
3105:Yeniseian
3092:Tyrsenian
2986:Dravidian
2743:indicate
2563:Rikbáktsa
2265:Kỳikatêjê
2260:Parkatêjê
2010:, 2:1–62.
1635:televisão
1611:tenemiyam
1605:'beans',
1530:loans in
1521:takuare'ẽ
1494:xetukxeka
1480:'woman',
1464:'horse',
1460:'money',
1440:'beans',
977:Rikbáktsa
907:Parkateje
880:Apãniekra
877:Timbira:
563:Maxakali
519:Rikbaktsa
478:Glottolog
449:Rodrigues
399:Rikbaktsá
249:Argentina
186:Glottolog
138:Rikbaktsa
76:parts of
71:Argentina
6099:Suriname
6079:Paraguay
6064:Colombia
5826:Huarpean
5821:Charruan
5816:Zamucoan
5811:Mascoyan
5785:Matacoan
5727:Quechuan
5651:Yuracaré
5618:Cayubaba
5612:Bororoan
5567:Matanawí
5514:Zaparoan
5483:Taushiro
5455:Candoshi
5449:Jivaroan
5344:Chibchan
5334:Colombia
5299:Witotoan
5282:Tucanoan
5264:Colombia
5245:Timotean
5240:Tiniguan
5201:Colombia
5027:Tarairiú
5006:Katembri
4974:Karirian
4913:Krenakan
4898:Jabutian
4885:Macro-Jê
4847:Arawakan
4717:See also
4694:Isolates
4669:Japanese
4609:Yuracaré
4491:Candoshi
4450:Macro-Jê
4415:Zaparoan
4410:Zamucoan
4400:Witotoan
4383:Tucanoan
4378:Tiniguan
4373:Timotean
4357:Quechuan
4326:Matacoan
4321:Mascoian
4311:Jivaroan
4274:Chibchan
4268:Charruan
4219:Arawakan
4156:Isolates
4087:Chibchan
3963:Isolates
3935:Wakashan
3896:Salishan
3838:Eskaleut
3744:Giimbiyu
3736:Isolates
3645:Jarrakan
3640:Iwaidjan
3497:Isolates
3351:Kutubuan
3219:Sumerian
3155:Isolates
3110:Yukaghir
3079:Tungusic
3045:Mongolic
3033:Koreanic
2992:Eskaleut
2883:Isolates
2867:Ubangian
2678:Dzubukuá
2573:Jabutian
2523:Masakará
2460:Maxakalí
2363:Kaingáng
2355:Southern
2306:Xakriabá
2222:Tapayuna
2199:Northern
1707:See also
1647:dinheiro
1619:cobertor
1609:'bank',
1564:werikòkò
1540:warikoko
1504:'flea',
1450:Maxakalí
1428:'salt',
1394:Parakanã
1356:beans',
1274:Proto-Jê
1211:(Fulniô)
1153:Masakará
1098:Maxakalí
1082:Maxakalí
1009:Eastern
958:Western
945:Macro-Jê
872:Tapayuna
842:Kayapo:
810:Kaingang
784:Ingain:
747:Xakriaba
709:Karaja:
654:Dzubukua
608:Masakara
581:Maxakali
496:Macro-Jê
471:Chibchan
466:family.
407:Yabutian
310:Borôroan
273:Macro-Jê
263:Families
253:Paraguay
221:Macro-Gê
217:Macro-Jê
192:nucl1710
132:Jabutian
128:(Aimore)
102:Macro-Jê
78:Paraguay
67:Misiones
45:Amazonas
27:Macro-Gê
22:Macro-Jê
6074:Ecuador
6054:Bolivia
6005:Amerind
5803:Payaguá
5772:–Pampas
5740:Puquina
5732:Aymaran
5703:Andes (
5686:Irantxe
5625:Itonama
5490:Urarina
5476:Waorani
5469:Munichi
5462:Omurano
5406:Mochica
5395:Chimuan
5350:Chocoan
5322:Puinave
5316:Nadahup
5229:Andaquí
5199:Andes (
5167:Sáliban
5105:Arutani
5080:Orinoco
4867:Cariban
4767:italics
4744:Pidgins
4729:Creoles
4679:Swedish
4647:Chinese
4594:Urarina
4579:Puinave
4533:Itonama
4527:Irantxe
4496:Chimane
4426:Chimuan
4331:Nadahup
4250:Cariban
4230:Aymaran
4191:America
4033:Waikuri
4026:Tonkawa
4019:Timucua
4012:Takelma
4005:Siuslaw
3994:Kutenai
3978:Esselen
3941:Wintuan
3902:Shastan
3873:Na-Dene
3861:Maiduan
3798:Caddoan
3772:America
3726:Wagiman
3724:(incl.
3695:Tangkic
3635:Garawan
3608:Bunuban
3569:Tambora
3536:Maybrat
3504:Abinomn
3427:Teberan
3388:Pauwasi
3378:Mairasi
3346:Kiwaian
3226:Tambora
3212:Shompen
3194:Kusunda
3187:Kenaboi
3173:Elamite
3145:Siangic
3127:Kho-Bwa
3121:Hrusish
3039:Kra–Dai
3023:Japonic
2932:Eurasia
2907:Sandawe
2890:Bangime
2855:Songhay
2741:Italics
2714: ?
2670: ?
2657: ?
2628:Umutína
2620: ?
2581:Arikapú
2544:Western
2434:Nakrehé
2312:Xavánte
2255:Krĩkatí
2250:Pykobjê
2232:Timbira
2207:Apinajé
2158:Cerrado
1692:'worm;
1623:capitão
1599:kapitõg
1595:komenok
1544:watkoko
1514:takones
1476:'boy',
1474:kõnõmĩy
1466:tapayõg
1462:kãmãnok
1458:tãyũmak
1446:ĩtajuwa
1436:'hoe',
1390:irãwore
1366:txakohi
1290:rhotics
1182:Mongoyó
993:Arikapú
913:Pykobje
901:Krĩkati
837:Apinaje
823:Xokleng
764:Xerente
757:Xavante
724:Xambioa
698:Arikapu
646:Kariri
600:Kamakã
553:Umutina
531:Bororo
324:Umotína
314:Bororo
245:Bolivia
195:
82:Bolivia
49:Roraima
6094:Guyana
6059:Brazil
5862:Yaghan
5836:Chonan
5796:Guachí
5665:Aikanã
5632:Movima
5576:Trumai
5541:Arawan
5526:Amazon
5419:Amazon
5272:Vaupés
5268:Japurá
5260:Amazon
5235:Paezan
5147:Yaruro
5055:Xukurú
4999:Baenan
4992:Gamela
4985:Taruma
4979:Purían
4908:Karajá
4903:Kamakã
4874:Tupian
4642:BANZSL
4604:Yamana
4589:Trumai
4558:Movima
4512:Fulniô
4475:Aikanã
4389:Tupian
4284:Chonan
4208:Arauan
4146:Xincan
4098:Lencan
4051:Yokuts
3948:Yukian
3913:Tanoan
3908:Siouan
3891:Pomoan
3832:Coosan
3658:Mirndi
3551:Porome
3546:Pawaia
3400:Senagi
3372:Madang
3321:Eleman
3276:Border
3207:Nihali
3200:Minoan
3180:Hattic
3162:Basque
3133:Mijiic
3115:Digaro
3099:Uralic
3085:Turkic
2936:Europe
2793:Africa
2722:Coropó
2711:Purian
2699:Sabujá
2685:Kamurú
2667:Karirí
2634:Boróro
2618:Borôro
2608:Karajá
2600:Karajá
2530:Menién
2516:Kotoxó
2509:Kamakã
2499:Kamakã
2487:Kapoxó
2480:Makoní
2473:Pataxó
2454:Malalí
2428:Krenak
2422:Guerén
2413:Krenák
2344:Ingain
2240:Canela
2189:Panará
2175:Panará
1744:
1686:chicha
1651:paletó
1643:maritò
1627:feijão
1576:bikòwa
1536:Xikrin
1528:Karajá
1498:Krenak
1490:tapuux
1454:ãmãnex
1442:mabèra
1438:kòmỹta
1430:mỹkawa
1426:jykyra
1422:Karajá
1396:, and
1386:marara
1374:Apyãwa
1362:tarawè
1358:hãrara
1346:bèhyra
1342:Apyãwa
1225:Karirí
1209:Yaathê
1204:Boróro
1176:Kotoxó
1170:Kamakã
1163:Menien
1142:Kamakã
1131:Koropó
1118:Pataxó
1111:Makoní
1088:Malalí
1074:Krenák
1069:Borum
1051:Ingain
1044:Panará
986:Jabutí
952:Karajá
858:Panara
851:Xikrin
787:Ingain
718:Karaja
689:Besiro
634:Menien
624:Kamakã
588:Pataxo
568:Malali
536:Bororo
422:Fulniô
389:Purían
363:Karirí
355:Karajá
345:Kamakã
318:Bororo
302:Krenak
295:Krenák
233:Brazil
177:Karirí
171:Purían
165:Kamakã
159:Borôro
145:Karajá
126:Krenák
41:Brazil
6113:Lists
6069:Chile
6023:Chaco
5869:Chono
5847:Chile
5770:Chaco
5752:Kunza
5715:Culle
5693:Arara
5679:Kwazá
5672:Kanoê
5561:Muran
5294:Boran
5274:area)
5222:Camsá
5215:Cofán
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5135:Guamo
5128:Warao
5041:Wamoé
4953:Guató
4931:Ofayé
4924:Jaikó
4599:Warao
4568:Nukak
4539:Kunza
4517:Guató
4506:Cofán
4486:Camsá
4279:Choco
4240:Boran
4189:South
4170:Huave
4105:Mayan
4056:Yuchi
4039:Washo
3989:Karuk
3984:Haida
3923:Utian
3855:Keres
3792:Alsea
3785:Algic
3770:North
3562:Taiap
3556:Sulka
3411:Sepik
3326:Engan
3067:Ongan
3050:Nivkh
2918:Shabo
2901:Jalaa
2895:Hadza
2849:Mande
2692:Kipeá
2647:Otuke
2558:Ofayé
2389:Jaikó
2299:Acroá
2271:Krẽjê
2245:Krahô
2167:Goyaz
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1694:jichi
1690:jichi
1682:jachi
1639:nieru
1631:banco
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1556:bikwa
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1482:petup
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1434:brùrè
1406:toria
1220:Guató
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1016:Jaikó
970:Ofayé
892:Krẽje
886:Kraho
796:Kimda
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664:Kipea
543:Otuke
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458:and
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