185:
Historically, "chemical mace" was the development of irritant with the active ingredient called phenacyl chloride (CN) to incapacitate others whereas the term "Mace" is a trademarked term for use on personal defense sprays. Though the design has been expanded on, the original chemical mace formula
190:(OC) pepper spray in most situations, the early CN has been mostly supplanted by OC formulas in police use, although Mace Security International still retains a popular "Triple Action" formula combining CN, OC and an
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and manufactured by their Lake Erie
Chemical division. Smith & Wesson subsequently transferred ownership to Jon E. Goodrich along with the rest of the chemical division in what is now
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134:, its popularity led to the name "mace" being commonly used for other defense sprays regardless of their composition, and for the term "maced" to be used to reference being
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170:. Chemical Mace was originally developed in the 1960s by Allan Lee Litman and his wife, Doris Litman, after one of Doris's female colleagues was robbed in
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using only CN has since been discontinued. Due to the potentially toxic nature of CN and the generally superior incapacitating qualities of
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can, usable in many environments and strong enough to act as a deterrent and incapacitant when sprayed in the face.
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111:
spray invented by Alan Lee Litman in the 1960s. The first commercial product of its type, Litman's design packaged
16:
This article is about the original tear gas chemical spray and its derivatives. For capsicum spray in general, see
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356:"The Forgotten History of Mace, Designed by a 29-Year-Old and Reinvented as a Police Weapon"
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Perspectives on
Plagiarism and Intellectual Property in a Postmodern World
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182:, which also owns federal trademark registrations for the term "mace".
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302:"Brand Name Use in Creative Writing: Genericide or Language Right?"
116:
21:
283:"15 Product Trademarks That Have Become Victims Of Genericization"
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1137:
Octamethylene-bis(5-dimethylcarbamoxyisoquinolinium bromide)
216:"What's Inside Triple-Action Mace? Chili Peppers and UV Dye"
4146:
3980:
3725:
3671:
3632:
3323:
3286:
3154:
1664:
1659:
1218:
2-Ethoxycarbonyl-1-methylvinyl cyclohexyl methylphosphonate
257:"27 Trademarked Names That Have Become Commonly Used Terms"
373:
2051:
1604:
467:
Official site of manufacturer Mace
Security International
4031:
466:
2648:
331:"Pepper Spray vs Mace Spray: What's the Difference?"
89:
4480:
480:Klages v. General Ordnance Equipment Corporation
240:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
2632:
515:
304:. In Buranen, Lise; Roy, Alice Myers (eds.).
446:"Mace vs. Pepper Spray – Pepper Spray Store"
428:"Trademark Status & Document Retrieval"
410:"Trademark Status & Document Retrieval"
392:"Trademark Status & Document Retrieval"
374:"Trademark Status & Document Retrieval"
222:. Archived from the original on 1 July 2017
31:Brand name of an aerosol self-defense spray
2646:
2639:
2625:
522:
508:
150:The original formulation consisted of 1%
299:
24:. For other uses of the word mace, see
4481:
1403:Methylphosphonyl dichloride (dichloro)
1397:Methylphosphonyl difluoride (difluoro)
328:
2819:CS gas (2-chlorobenzal malononitrile)
2620:
1645:Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine (TETS)
503:
354:Gross, Daniel A. (November 4, 2014).
353:
280:
174:. In 1987, Chemical Mace was sold to
347:
254:
209:
207:
4391:N-(p-Amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid
3507:N-(p-Amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid
3247:N-(p-Amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid
1734:Dimethyl(trifluoromethylthio)arsine
213:
13:
1350:Dimethylamidophosphoric dichloride
281:Quirk, Mary Beth (July 19, 2014).
14:
4520:
1365:Ethylphosphonoselenoic dichloride
1355:Dimethylamidophosphoric dicyanide
460:
204:
1193:Dicyclohexyl phosphorofluoridate
636:2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin
308:. SUNY Press. pp. 260–261.
2601:List of chemical warfare agents
824:Dibutylchloromethyltin chloride
438:
420:
168:dipropylene glycol methyl ether
138:. It is unrelated to the spice
20:. For tear gas in general, see
402:
384:
366:
322:
293:
274:
248:
1:
4465:Receptor/signaling modulators
2814:CR gas (dibenzoxazepine; DBO)
197:
1677:Trimethylolpropane phosphite
1223:Neopentylene fluorophosphate
214:Leu, Chelsea (1 July 2017).
107:of an early type of aerosol
7:
4499:Products introduced in 1965
4093:Paracetamol (acetaminophen)
3001:Paracetamol (acetaminophen)
2871:Farnesyl thiosalicylic acid
2699:15-Deoxy-Δ-prostaglandin J2
1459:3,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexanol
1319:N,N-Diisopropylaminoethanol
1188:Diisopropyl fluorophosphate
484:. FindACase. Archived from
329:Sarosh, Tuba (2021-11-26).
180:Mace Security International
71:Mace Security International
10:
4527:
2298:Hexamethylene diisocyanate
1766:Phenylcarbylamine chloride
1092:Dimethylcarbamoyl fluoride
472:Official Pepper Spray Laws
450:www.pepper-spray-store.com
145:
15:
4458:
4261:
3734:
3723:
3703:
3680:
3669:
3641:
3592:
3581:
3459:
3295:
3284:
3209:
3163:
3152:
3092:
2671:
2660:
2596:
2556:Fluoroethyl fluoroacetate
2537:
2401:
2350:
2311:
2175:
1952:
1899:
1761:Perchloromethyl mercaptan
1690:
1491:
1266:
1180:
1172:4-686-293-01 (Agent 1-10)
1082:
1029:
1013:
940:
850:
841:
811:
792:
759:
725:
678:
669:
554:
84:
76:
66:
58:
50:
39:
3078:Umbellularia californica
2273:Chloroacetophenone oxime
2258:Bromomethyl ethyl ketone
1866:Trifluoroacetyl chloride
1776:Tetrachlorodinitroethane
1423:Phosphorus pentachloride
1248:Methanesulfonyl fluoride
4048:N-Arachidonoyl dopamine
3830:Andrographis paniculata
2552:(variants and mixtures)
1821:Trichloronitrosomethane
1816:Trifluoronitrosomethane
1391:Methyldichlorophosphine
300:Clankie, Shawn (1999).
4469:Ion channel modulators
4198:Tetrahydrocannabivarin
3693:Tripterygium wilfordii
3059:Tetrahydrocannabiorcol
2351:Cornea-clouding agents
1846:Phosphorus trichloride
1428:Phosphorus trichloride
1162:Miotine (AR-28/T-1843)
616:Phosphorus trifluoride
123:solvents into a small
4026:Lysophosphatidic acid
1745:Disulfur decafluoride
1546:Chlorophenylsilatrane
1454:2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
154:(CN) in a solvent of
4406:Pregnenolone sulfate
4227:Euphorbia resinifera
4169:Euphorbia resinifera
4098:Phenylacetylrinvanil
4058:N-Oleoylethanolamide
4006:Homodihydrocapsaicin
3394:Pregnenolone sulfate
3257:Pregnenolone sulfate
3064:Thiopropanal S-oxide
3049:Tetrahydrocannabinol
2737:Allyl isothiocyanate
2545:Methyl fluoroacetate
2373:Methyl cyanoacrylate
2293:Allyl isothiocyanate
1881:Uranium hexafluoride
1836:Dinitrogen tetroxide
1781:Chlorine trifluoride
829:Selenium oxychloride
699:Phenyldichloroarsine
693:Methyldichloroarsine
631:Nickel tetracarbonyl
360:Smithsonian Magazine
4494:Lachrymatory agents
4489:American inventions
4311:Cannabigerolic acid
4073:Nordihydrocapsaicin
4034:(acidic conditions)
2238:Bromobenzyl cyanide
2006:Dimethylheptylpyran
1934:Diphenylcyanoarsine
1929:Diphenylchlorarsine
1861:Methyl vinyl ketone
1786:Perchloryl fluoride
1650:Bicyclic phosphates
1469:Trimethyl phosphite
1418:Phosphoryl chloride
687:Ethyldichloroarsine
661:Chloral cyanohydrin
651:Acetone cyanohydrin
621:Methyl cyanoformate
289:. Consumer Reports.
261:The Family Handyman
36:
4274:Vernonia tweediana
3853:African blue basil
3825:Bisandrographolide
3411:Steviol glycosides
3364:Hydroxycitronellal
3110:Dehydroligustilide
2930:Angelica acutiloba
2844:Dehydroligustilide
2606:CB military symbol
2464:Enterotoxin type B
2419:Cyclopiazonic acid
2378:N-Methylmorpholine
2278:Ethyl bromoacetate
1756:Ethyl bromoacetate
1723:Perfluoroisobutene
1464:Triethyl phosphite
735:Levinstein mustard
626:Iron pentacarbonyl
188:oleoresin capsicum
176:Smith & Wesson
152:chloroacetophenone
34:
4476:
4475:
4454:
4453:
4386:Meclofenamic acid
4192:melegueta peppers
4063:Nonivamide (PAVA)
3799:melegueta peppers
3719:
3718:
3665:
3664:
3577:
3576:
3497:Meclofenamic acid
3420:Stevia rebaudiana
3280:
3279:
3242:Meclofenamic acid
3148:
3147:
3038:melegueta peppers
3011:Phenacyl chloride
2966:N-Methylmaleimide
2956:Methyl salicylate
2901:Hydrogen peroxide
2854:Diallyl disulfide
2716:melegueta peppers
2614:
2613:
2424:Histrionicotoxins
2402:Biological toxins
2283:Ethyl iodoacetate
1851:Methyl isocyanate
1811:Selenoyl fluoride
1801:Mercuric chloride
1771:Tetranitromethane
1625:Sulfuryl fluoride
1610:HN3 hydrochloride
1605:HN2 hydrochloride
1600:HN1 hydrochloride
1487:
1486:
1444:Phenacyl chloride
1439:Pinacolyl alcohol
1385:Isopropyl alcohol
1380:4-Hydroxycoumarin
1314:1,8-Dibromooctane
837:
836:
761:Nitrogen mustards
574:Cyanogen chloride
315:978-0-7914-4080-3
132:generic trademark
113:phenacyl chloride
98:
97:
4516:
4321:Cannabigerovarin
4053:N-Oleoyldopamine
3959:Euodia ruticarpa
3925:Dihydrocapsaicin
3732:
3731:
3728:
3678:
3677:
3674:
3590:
3589:
3586:
3334:Cooling Agent 10
3293:
3292:
3289:
3161:
3160:
3157:
2679:4-Hydroxynonenal
2669:
2668:
2665:
2650:
2641:
2634:
2627:
2618:
2617:
2588:White phosphorus
2565:post-combustion
2561:Depleted uranium
2388:Osmium tetroxide
2268:Phenacyl bromide
1831:Nitrogen dioxide
1806:Selenium dioxide
1796:Cadmium chloride
1253:Dimefox (TL-792)
848:
847:
676:
675:
601:Hydrogen sulfide
580:Hydrogen cyanide
569:Cyanogen bromide
535:chemical warfare
524:
517:
510:
501:
500:
496:
494:
493:
454:
453:
442:
436:
435:
424:
418:
417:
406:
400:
399:
388:
382:
381:
370:
364:
363:
351:
345:
344:
342:
341:
326:
320:
319:
297:
291:
290:
278:
272:
271:
269:
267:
255:Gerhardt, Nick.
252:
246:
245:
239:
231:
229:
227:
211:
160:propylene glycol
94:
91:
37:
33:
4526:
4525:
4519:
4518:
4517:
4515:
4514:
4513:
4479:
4478:
4477:
4472:
4450:
4441:Tolfenamic acid
4361:Flufenamic acid
4257:
4164:Resiniferatoxin
4157:Ruta graveolens
3920:Diacyl glycerol
3715:
3699:
3661:
3657:
3637:
3623:
3573:
3559:Tolfenamic acid
3552:Ruta graveolens
3492:Flufenamic acid
3455:
3404:Ruta graveolens
3315:(intracellular)
3276:
3272:Tolfenamic acid
3227:Flufenamic acid
3205:
3181:Diacyl glycerol
3144:
3088:
2774:Cannabichromene
2684:4-Oxo-2-nonenal
2656:
2645:
2615:
2610:
2592:
2533:
2444:Botulinum toxin
2397:
2346:
2307:
2223:Benzyl chloride
2178:
2171:
1955:
1948:
1939:Cacodyl cyanide
1901:Vomiting agents
1895:
1693:
1686:
1595:Dimethylmercury
1517:Botulinum toxin
1483:
1262:
1176:
1078:
1031:Novichok agents
1025:
1009:
936:
833:
807:
788:
755:
727:Sulfur mustards
721:
665:
611:Carbon monoxide
591:Cacodyl cyanide
550:
549:
533:Agents used in
528:
491:
489:
476:
463:
458:
457:
444:
443:
439:
426:
425:
421:
408:
407:
403:
390:
389:
385:
372:
371:
367:
352:
348:
339:
337:
327:
323:
316:
298:
294:
279:
275:
265:
263:
253:
249:
233:
232:
225:
223:
212:
205:
200:
148:
88:
54:Alan Lee Litman
32:
29:
12:
11:
5:
4524:
4523:
4512:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4474:
4473:
4459:
4456:
4455:
4452:
4451:
4449:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4328:
4318:
4308:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4265:
4263:
4259:
4258:
4256:
4255:
4250:
4240:
4235:
4219:
4205:
4195:
4177:
4161:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4131:Dorrigo pepper
4124:
4110:
4103:Phorbol esters
4100:
4095:
4090:
4080:
4070:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4035:
4028:
4023:
4013:
4003:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3963:
3951:
3937:
3932:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3890:
3880:
3873:Cannabidivarin
3870:
3860:
3841:camphor laurel
3834:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3802:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3738:
3736:
3729:
3721:
3720:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3713:
3707:
3705:
3701:
3700:
3698:
3697:
3684:
3682:
3675:
3667:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3660:
3659:
3655:
3651:
3645:
3643:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3621:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3596:
3594:
3587:
3579:
3578:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3509:
3504:
3502:Mefenamic acid
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3463:
3461:
3457:
3456:
3454:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3424:
3408:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3310:
3305:
3299:
3297:
3290:
3282:
3281:
3278:
3277:
3275:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3213:
3211:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3203:
3198:
3195:St John's wort
3188:
3183:
3178:
3175:St John's wort
3167:
3165:
3158:
3150:
3149:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3122:
3117:
3107:
3102:
3096:
3094:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3086:
3081:
3071:
3061:
3056:
3046:
3041:
3023:
3020:Dorrigo pepper
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2988:
2978:
2968:
2963:
2953:
2948:
2941:Sichuan pepper
2934:
2918:
2913:
2911:Isothiocyanate
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2856:
2851:
2841:
2831:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2804:Cinnamaldehyde
2801:
2791:
2781:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2734:
2724:
2719:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2675:
2673:
2666:
2658:
2657:
2644:
2643:
2636:
2629:
2621:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2608:
2603:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2571:
2570:
2569:
2567:uranium oxides
2558:
2553:
2547:
2541:
2539:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2405:
2403:
2399:
2398:
2396:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2354:
2352:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2318:
2316:
2309:
2308:
2306:
2305:
2303:Crotonaldehyde
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2228:Benzyl bromide
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2189:
2183:
2181:
2173:
2172:
2170:
2169:
2167:Chlorpromazine
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1960:
1958:
1954:Incapacitating
1950:
1949:
1947:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1917:
1912:
1905:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1841:Sulfur dioxide
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1742:
1736:
1731:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1709:
1704:
1698:
1696:
1694:choking agents
1688:
1687:
1685:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1668:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1590:Tetraethyllead
1587:
1581:
1576:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1554:
1548:
1543:
1537:
1531:
1526:
1520:
1514:
1509:
1503:
1497:
1495:
1489:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1394:
1388:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1294:A.P.C. complex
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1263:
1261:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1088:
1086:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1035:
1033:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1023:
1017:
1015:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1007:
1005:V-sub x (GD-7)
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
946:
944:
938:
937:
935:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
903:
898:
892:
886:
880:
874:
868:
863:
856:
854:
845:
839:
838:
835:
834:
832:
831:
826:
821:
815:
813:
809:
808:
806:
805:
802:Phosgene oxime
798:
796:
790:
789:
787:
786:
781:
776:
771:
765:
763:
757:
756:
754:
753:
748:
743:
738:
731:
729:
723:
722:
720:
714:
708:
702:
696:
690:
684:
682:
673:
671:Blister agents
667:
666:
664:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
641:Glycolonitrile
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
583:
577:
571:
566:
560:
558:
552:
551:
548:
547:
542:
540:incapacitation
537:
530:
527:
526:
519:
512:
504:
498:
497:
474:
469:
462:
461:External links
459:
456:
455:
437:
432:tsdr.uspto.gov
419:
414:tsdr.uspto.gov
401:
396:tsdr.uspto.gov
383:
378:tsdr.uspto.gov
365:
346:
321:
314:
292:
273:
247:
202:
201:
199:
196:
147:
144:
136:pepper sprayed
96:
95:
86:
82:
81:
78:
74:
73:
68:
64:
63:
60:
56:
55:
52:
48:
47:
46:chemical spray
41:
30:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4522:
4521:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4486:
4484:
4471:
4470:
4466:
4463:
4457:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4421:Ruthenium red
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4401:Niflumic acid
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4336:
4332:
4329:
4326:
4322:
4319:
4316:
4312:
4309:
4306:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4276:
4275:
4270:
4269:α-Spinasterol
4267:
4266:
4264:
4260:
4254:
4251:
4248:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4233:
4232:
4228:
4223:
4220:
4217:
4213:
4209:
4206:
4203:
4199:
4196:
4193:
4189:
4185:
4181:
4178:
4175:
4174:
4170:
4165:
4162:
4159:
4158:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4132:
4128:
4125:
4122:
4118:
4114:
4111:
4108:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4088:
4084:
4081:
4078:
4074:
4071:
4068:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4043:
4039:
4036:
4033:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4021:
4017:
4014:
4011:
4007:
4004:
4001:
3997:
3996:Homocapsaicin
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3971:
3967:
3964:
3961:
3960:
3955:
3952:
3949:
3945:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3930:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3910:
3909:wild bergamot
3906:
3902:
3898:
3894:
3891:
3888:
3884:
3881:
3878:
3874:
3871:
3868:
3864:
3861:
3858:
3857:camphor basil
3854:
3850:
3846:
3842:
3838:
3835:
3832:
3831:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3810:
3806:
3803:
3800:
3796:
3792:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3733:
3730:
3727:
3722:
3712:
3711:Ruthenium red
3709:
3708:
3706:
3702:
3695:
3694:
3689:
3686:
3685:
3683:
3679:
3676:
3673:
3668:
3658:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3646:
3644:
3640:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3597:
3595:
3591:
3588:
3585:
3580:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3554:
3553:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3542:Ruthenium red
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3522:Niflumic acid
3520:
3517:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3458:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:; indirectly)
3441:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3425:
3422:
3421:
3416:
3412:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3384:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3349:Frescolat MGA
3347:
3344:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3294:
3291:
3288:
3283:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3252:Niflumic acid
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3208:
3202:
3199:
3196:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3176:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3162:
3159:
3156:
3151:
3141:
3140:Ruthenium red
3138:
3136:
3133:
3130:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3115:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3091:
3085:
3082:
3079:
3075:
3072:
3069:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3054:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3039:
3035:
3031:
3027:
3024:
3021:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2996:
2992:
2989:
2986:
2982:
2979:
2976:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2951:Methylglyoxal
2949:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2931:
2926:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2886:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2849:
2845:
2842:
2839:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2825:
2824:Cuminaldehyde
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2809:
2805:
2802:
2799:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2735:
2732:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2670:
2667:
2664:
2659:
2655:
2652:
2642:
2637:
2635:
2630:
2628:
2623:
2622:
2619:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2595:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2578:its compounds
2575:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2563:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2536:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2514:Tetanospasmin
2512:
2510:
2509:T-2 mycotoxin
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2439:Batrachotoxin
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2400:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2383:Allyl alcohol
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2355:
2353:
2349:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2319:
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2314:
2310:
2304:
2301:
2299:
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2291:
2289:
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2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2248:Chloroacetone
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2233:Benzyl iodide
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2187:Xylyl bromide
2185:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2174:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
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2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
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2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
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2068:
2065:
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2043:
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2035:
2033:
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2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1975:Butyrophenone
1973:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1951:
1945:
1944:o-Dianisidine
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
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1916:
1913:
1910:
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1792:
1791:Cadmium oxide
1789:
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1779:
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1663:
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1658:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1640:Batrachotoxin
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
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1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1523:Tetanospasmin
1521:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1490:
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1199:
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1135:
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1128:
1125:
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1118:
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827:
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822:
820:
817:
816:
814:
810:
803:
800:
799:
797:
795:
794:Nettle agents
791:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
766:
764:
762:
758:
752:
749:
747:
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632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
602:
599:
597:
596:Cacodyl oxide
594:
592:
589:
587:
584:
581:
578:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
561:
559:
557:
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488:on 2012-04-22
487:
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429:
423:
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397:
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387:
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375:
369:
361:
357:
350:
336:
335:Tech Sherlock
332:
325:
317:
311:
307:
303:
296:
288:
284:
277:
262:
258:
251:
243:
237:
236:cite magazine
221:
217:
210:
208:
203:
195:
193:
189:
183:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
143:
141:
137:
133:
128:
126:
125:aerosol spray
122:
119:dissolved in
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
93:
87:
83:
79:
75:
72:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
42:
38:
27:
23:
19:
4504:Self-defense
4461:
4460:
4301:Cannabigerol
4272:
4225:
4167:
4155:
4117:black pepper
4077:chili pepper
4010:chili pepper
4000:chili pepper
3991:Hepoxilin B3
3986:Hepoxilin A3
3957:
3929:chili pepper
3887:chili pepper
3828:
3691:
3550:
3477:Clotrimazole
3418:
3402:
3354:Frescolat ML
3262:Progesterone
3171:Adhyperforin
3084:WIN 55,212-2
3077:
2928:
2896:Hepoxilin B3
2891:Hepoxilin A3
2862:
2794:Cannabigerol
2519:Tetrodotoxin
2469:Grayanotoxin
2253:Bromoacetone
2243:Thiophosgene
2198:Mace (spray)
2197:
2192:Pepper spray
2177:Lachrymatory
2162:Fluphenazine
2157:Procarbazine
2067:Sleeping gas
1915:Chloropicrin
1826:Nitric oxide
1728:Chloropicrin
1672:Cloflubicyne
1635:Oxotremorine
1584:Antillatoxin
1563:Tetrodotoxin
1512:Bungarotoxin
1408:Nitromethane
1370:Formaldoxime
1309:Cyclohexanol
1274:Acetonitrile
1021:GV (EA-5365)
843:Nerve agents
646:Lactonitrile
556:Blood agents
545:riot control
490:. Retrieved
486:the original
479:
449:
440:
431:
422:
413:
404:
395:
386:
377:
368:
359:
349:
338:. Retrieved
334:
324:
305:
295:
286:
276:
264:. Retrieved
260:
250:
224:. Retrieved
219:
194:marker dye.
184:
149:
129:
109:self-defense
100:
99:
67:Manufacturer
44:Self-defense
18:pepper spray
4436:Tivanisiran
4341:Capsazepine
4253:Zucapsaicin
4121:long pepper
4087:Pacific yew
3976:GSK1016790A
3863:Cannabidiol
3849:camphorweed
3537:RQ-00203078
3532:PF-05105679
3472:Capsazepine
3237:GSK2293017A
3201:Substance P
3186:GSK1702934A
3135:PF-04745637
3074:Umbellulone
2995:Pacific yew
2981:Oleocanthal
2960:wintergreen
2921:Ligustilide
2784:Cannabidiol
2749:horseradish
2529:Veratridine
2504:Shiga toxin
2459:Domoic acid
2322:Thioacetone
2288:Iodoacetone
2152:Pentazocine
2147:Sevoflurane
2112:CAR-302,668
2107:CAR-302,282
2102:CAR-302,196
2097:CAR-301,060
2092:CAR-226,086
2072:Carfentanil
1970:Apomorphine
1891:Green Cross
1682:Domoic acid
1493:Neurotoxins
1413:OPA mixture
1304:Chlorosoman
1299:Chlorosarin
1233:Phospholine
932:Crotylsarin
917:Fluorotabun
889:Chlorosoman
871:Chlorosarin
482:(04/22/76)"
287:Consumerist
192:ultraviolet
164:cyclohexene
121:hydrocarbon
4483:Categories
4331:Cannabinol
4231:pooissonii
4222:Tinyatoxin
4173:pooissonii
4137:Probenecid
4127:Polygodial
4083:Paclitaxel
4067:PAVA spray
3954:Evodiamine
3905:pepperwort
3820:Anandamide
3787:α-Sanshool
3735:Activators
3688:Triptolide
3681:Activators
3593:Activators
3569:TRPM4-IN-5
3487:Elismetrep
3415:stevioside
3343:eucalyptus
3339:Eucalyptol
3303:ADP-ribose
3296:Activators
3232:GSK417651A
3191:Hyperforin
3164:Activators
3044:Tear gases
3016:Polygodial
3006:PF-4840154
2991:Paclitaxel
2859:Dicentrine
2769:Bradykinin
2704:α-Sanshool
2672:Activators
2654:modulators
2479:Maitotoxin
2474:Guanitoxin
2454:Ciguatoxin
2449:Brevetoxin
2434:Anatoxin-a
2429:Aflatoxins
2342:Putrescine
2337:Cadaverine
2313:Malodorant
2137:Isoflurane
2122:Desflurane
2117:Benperidol
2062:Psilocybin
2057:PAVA spray
1739:Diphosgene
1692:Pulmonary/
1620:Picrotoxin
1579:Strychnine
1573:Brevetoxin
1557:Maitotoxin
1540:Guanitoxin
1534:Ciguatoxin
1501:Anatoxin-a
1434:Pinacolone
1267:Precursors
1228:Selenophos
1084:Carbamates
1000:Chinese VX
906:Cyclosarin
895:Ethylsarin
866:Sarin (GB)
717:Lewisite 3
711:Lewisite 2
680:Arsenicals
492:2011-11-20
340:2021-11-29
198:References
172:Pittsburgh
105:brand name
4509:Stun guns
4462:See also:
4446:TRPV3-74a
4431:SB-705498
4426:SB-366791
4376:Lanthanum
4371:HC-067047
4291:Asivatrep
4152:Rutamarin
4016:Incensole
3966:Gingerols
3935:Estradiol
3911:, others)
3893:Carvacrol
3883:Capsaicin
3777:13-oxoODE
3767:12S-HpETE
3747:5',6'-EET
3547:Rutamarin
3446:Thio-BCTC
3399:Rutamarin
3329:Coolact P
3120:HC-030031
2985:olive oil
2881:Gingerols
2694:12S-HpETE
2574:Plutonium
2524:Volkensin
2499:Saxitoxin
2489:Palytoxin
2414:Aconitine
2142:Halothane
2132:Bufotenin
2127:Enflurane
2047:Kolokol-1
2027:Pethidine
2001:Etoxadrol
1986:Etorphine
1982:(CS-4640)
1966:(CS-4030)
1924:glycerine
1871:Salcomine
1630:Tremorine
1568:Aconitine
1551:Palytoxin
1529:Ryanodine
1506:Saxitoxin
1243:Ro 3-0422
1014:GV agents
877:Thiosarin
606:Phosphine
266:March 11,
156:2-butanol
80:Available
77:Available
59:Inception
4396:NGD-8243
4381:Mavatrep
4366:GRC-6211
4335:cannabis
4325:cannabis
4315:cannabis
4305:cannabis
4286:AMG-9810
4262:Blockers
4243:Vanillin
4238:Tramadol
4202:cannabis
4180:Shogaols
4113:Piperine
3877:cannabis
3867:cannabis
3845:rosemary
3762:12S-HETE
3757:9-oxoODE
3704:Blockers
3654:PI(4,5)P
3642:Blockers
3620:PI(3,5)P
3527:Ononetin
3512:Nicotine
3460:Blockers
3436:fructose
3428:tastants
3374:Linalool
3359:Geraniol
3319:CIM-0216
3210:Blockers
3125:Nicotine
3100:A-967079
3093:Blockers
3053:cannabis
3026:Shogaols
2971:Nicotine
2937:Linalool
2876:Formalin
2838:turmeric
2834:Curcumin
2808:cinnamon
2798:cannabis
2788:cannabis
2778:cannabis
2764:ASP-7663
2722:Acrolein
2583:Polonium
2484:Modeccin
2393:Acrolein
2358:Lewisite
2263:Acrolein
2087:CS-27349
2037:Ibogaine
1920:Litharge
1909:Adamsite
1886:Diborane
1876:Fluomine
1856:Ethenone
1751:Acrolein
1718:Fluorine
1712:Phosgene
1702:Chlorine
1102:EA-3887A
1074:C01-A042
1069:C01-A039
1064:C01-A035
942:V-agents
852:G-agents
737:(EA-229)
705:Lewisite
564:Cyanogen
117:tear gas
51:Inventor
22:tear gas
4416:RN-9893
4411:RN-1734
4281:AMG-517
4247:vanilla
4216:oregano
4188:Sichuan
4166:(RTX) (
4142:Protons
4105:(e.g.,
4038:Menthol
4020:incense
3940:Eugenol
3897:oregano
3837:Camphor
3805:Allicin
3795:Sichuan
3782:20-HETE
3772:13-HODE
3615:ML2-SA1
3516:tobacco
3467:AMG-333
3440:sucrose
3432:glucose
3430:(e.g.,
3413:(e.g.,
3379:Menthol
3313:Calcium
3129:tobacco
3105:AM-0902
3034:Sichuan
2975:tobacco
2864:Lindera
2741:mustard
2727:Allicin
2712:Sichuan
2689:4,5-EET
2651:channel
2332:Skatole
2327:Allicin
2042:EA-3834
2032:EA-3580
2022:EA-3443
2017:EA-3167
2012:EA-2148
1996:CS-4297
1991:EA-2092
1980:EA-4941
1707:Bromine
1345:EA-1224
1325:EA-1250
1238:R-16661
1213:EA-2613
1208:EA-2098
1203:EA-2054
1198:EA-2012
1167:3152 CT
1157:TL-1317
1152:TL-1299
1147:TL-1238
1117:EA-4056
1112:EA-3990
1107:EA-3966
1097:EA-3887
995:EA-1763
955:EA-3148
950:EA-2192
927:EA-4352
922:EA-1356
656:Stibine
146:History
103:is the
85:Website
4356:DHEA-S
4208:Thymol
4184:ginger
4107:4α-PDD
3970:ginger
3809:garlic
3791:ginger
3752:9-HODE
3649:ML-SI3
3610:ML-SA1
3605:MK6-83
3426:Sweet
3389:PMD 38
3369:Icilin
3222:DHEA-S
3114:celery
3030:ginger
2925:celery
2916:JT-010
2906:Icilin
2885:ginger
2848:celery
2753:wasabi
2745:radish
2731:garlic
2708:ginger
2550:Napalm
2315:agents
2179:agents
2082:JB-336
2077:JB-318
2052:LSD-25
2008:(DMHP)
1956:agents
1615:A-8564
1575:(PbTX)
1525:(TeNT)
1142:TL-599
1132:T-1194
1127:T-1152
1122:T-1123
891:(ClGD)
873:(ClGB)
784:TL-301
586:Arsine
312:
226:2 July
166:, and
4346:DCDPC
4212:thyme
3948:clove
3944:basil
3901:thyme
3815:AM404
3742:2-APB
3628:SF-22
3600:EVP21
3584:TRPML
3482:DCDPC
3451:WS-12
3217:DCDPC
3068:onion
2945:thyme
2867:spp.)
2828:cumin
2759:AM404
2538:Other
2494:Ricin
2409:Abrin
2368:KB-16
1655:IPTBO
1586:(ATX)
1559:(MTX)
1553:(PTX)
1542:(GTX)
1536:(CTX)
1519:(BTX)
1375:Nital
1181:Other
1059:A-262
1054:A-242
1049:A-234
1044:A-232
1039:A-208
883:Soman
879:(SGB)
860:Tabun
819:KB-16
812:Other
220:Wired
115:(CN)
62:1960s
4351:DHEA
4296:BCTC
4190:and
4147:RhTx
4042:mint
4030:Low
3981:Heat
3915:DHEA
3797:and
3726:TRPV
3672:TRPP
3633:SN-2
3564:TPPO
3383:mint
3324:Cold
3308:BCTC
3287:TRPM
3267:Pyr3
3155:TRPC
3036:and
2714:and
2663:TRPA
2576:and
2194:(OC)
1911:(DM)
1741:(DP)
1730:(PS)
1714:(CG)
1665:TBPS
1660:TBPO
1508:(TZ)
1430:(TH)
1399:(DF)
1393:(SW)
1387:(TB)
1360:DMHP
1340:DEHP
1330:DIHP
1321:(KB)
1258:MSPI
908:(GF)
897:(GE)
885:(GD)
862:(GA)
804:(CX)
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