307:
published her first two books in 1847: Familiar
Lessons on Physiology and Familiar Lessons on Phrenology. Lydia Folger Fowler's wrote her two-volume work as a way to teach other women how to teach phrenology to children. Lydia gave many presentations where she would direct teachers and parents on how to teach their children to know themselves, as she believed children could work towards self-improvement with guidance. After establishing a lecturing and writing career, she began medical school and earned an M.D. from Central Medical College in Syracuse, New York in 1850, one of eight women entering the first coed medical school in the country. Fellow students included
514:
31:
386:
She was dressed in a very broadly striped silk, which was anything but a bloomer. Her hair was done up in a French twist with curls in front. Her face is pleasant, she has sunny blue eyes and a sweet mouth. She waved an elegantly embroidered handkerchief as she read her lecture. Quite a number of the
306:
in
Massachusetts when she was 16 years old and began teaching there in 1842 at the age of 20. Lydia Folger and Lorenzo Fowler would attend conferences and lecture tours together. Lydia Folger would generally address female audiences. This time also marked the beginning of her writing career, as she
326:
She became an appointed professor of obstetrics and diseases of women and children at
Central Medical College. Central Medical College then dissolved in 1852. Lydia Folger Fowler graduated as only the second woman in America to earn a medical degree, following
343:, becoming the first woman professor in a professional American medical school. During her time practicing, she conducted many gynecological exams and held her own surgery practice geared towards homeopathic practices. In 1862, Fowler taught midwifery at the
347:. Lydia practiced medicine with the outlook that science could improve female roles as children's caretakers. She used the knowledge gained through her medical education to help others overcome the obstacles women faced when working in the medical field.
231:, a phrenologist, on September 19, 1844. Lydia Folger Fowler also gave herself the nickname of "Mrs. L. N. Fowler" to incorporate the initials of her husband into her name. She met Lorenzo at the house of her paternal uncle,
395:, as well as continuing her work practicing medicine and teaching women about health, education, and parenting. Fowler became ill in late 1878 and died on January 26, 1879. Fowler is buried on the eastern side of
355:
116:
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of
Nantucket through her paternal grandmother Elizabeth Starbuck Folger. Her mother was notably a member of the Macy family of Nantucket whose descendants would later form
609:, Whose Earnest Lives and Fearless Words, in Demanding Political Rights for Women, have been, in the Preparation of these Pages, a Constant Inspiration TO The Editors”.
387:
little exhibited were present and contributed their full share to the festivities, at times almost drowning her voice, which is scarcely strong enough for a lecturer.
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288:, and Jessie succeeded her mother in that position. In 1896, Jessie accompanied her father when he returned to America, and she became the editor of the Fowler's
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228:
1078:
Ruth
Clifford Engs, "The Fowlers", Clean Living Movements: American Cycles of Health Reform, Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2001, pp. 71–72
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in 1849. Fowler was, in fact, the first
American-born woman to earn a medical degree, and also the first woman to appear before a male medical society.
1020:"Fowlers", Herringshaw's Encyclopedia of American Biography of the Nineteenth Century, Chicago: American Publishers' Association, 1901, p. 277
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294:. Jessie inherited the company of Fowler and Wells after her father and aunt died in 1896 and 1901. She continued to write and died in 1932.
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372:(1881) to Folger. Fowler also frequently lectured to audiences, primarily women, on matters of hygiene and health. The
909:
Women in
Science: Antiquity Through the Nineteenth Century : a Biographical Dictionary with Annotated Bibliography
802:
Bittel, Caria (May 2013). "Women, Know
Thyself: Producing and Using Phrenological Knowledge in 19th-Century America".
976:
916:
876:
851:
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89:
1143:
Dr. Lydia Folger Fowler : The Second Woman to
Receive the Degree of Doctor of Medicine in the United States
319:
became popular with those seeking to avoid the harsher methods of then-current professional medicine, such as
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1098:
Elizabeth
Silverthorne, et al., "Lydia Folger Fowler", Women Pioneers in Texas Medicine, 1997, p. XXII
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718:
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192:, Massachusetts, in 1823, to Gideon and Eunice Macy Folger, a historic Massachusetts family descended from
160:, professor of medicine, and activist. She was the second American woman to earn a medical degree (after
1036:
734:
832:, p.71, "The Fowlers" in "Inherited Realities, Phrenology, and Eugenic Undercurrents". Greenwood (2001).
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She then went on to practice medicine in New York from 1852 to 1860, and later joined the faculty of
217:
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noted in his obituary that "Prof. Fowler examined the heads of many distinguished men, among them
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1114:
Stern, MB (June 1977). "Lydia Folger Fowler, M.D.: first American woman professor of medicine".
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315:. At the time, the eclectic medical school was the only school to offer admission to women.
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Women Medical Doctors in the United States before the Civil War: A Biographical Dictionary
537:, published in 1881, states, “THESE VOLUMES ARE AFFECTIONATELY INSCRIBED TO THE Memory of
8:
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235:, an "eccentric and famous astronomer-navigator in Nantucket". Lorenzo and his brother,
1075:, Winter 1993/1994 (Vol. 41, No. 4; incorrectly labeled Vol. 43, No. 4), p. 60–62.
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The Pet of the Household and How to Save It: Comprised of Twelve Lectures on Physiology
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Famous American Women: A Biographical Dictionary from Colonial Times to the Present
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441:(1865) (a childrearing manual comprising a dozen of Fowler's lectures on childcare)
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662:, Winter 1993/1994 (Vol. 41, No. 4; incorrectly labeled Vol. 43, No. 4), p. 60-62.
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Woman, Her Destiny and Maternal Relations; Or, Hints to the Single and Married
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1149:, v.4, n.3, pp. 290–297 (May 1932) (New York, N.Y. : Hoeber, 1932)
1037:"Noted Phrenologist Dead: Lorenzo N. Fowler Succumbs to a Paralyzing Stroke"
815:
735:"Noted Phrenologist Dead: Lorenzo N. Fowler Succumbs to a Paralyzing Stroke"
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Folger was active in women's rights organizations, and participated in the
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196:. Lydia was the great-great-great-great granddaughter of Peter Foulger and
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1017:, Springfield, MA: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1980, Volume 2, p. 139
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Women Physicians and Professional Ethos in Nineteenth-Century America
391:
The Fowlers moved to London in 1863, and Fowler became active in the
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871:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 21.
1003:, Cambridge: Radcliffe College, 1971, Volume 2, pp. 654–655
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The Brain and Nervous System: How to Secure their Healthy Action
74:
200:. Through them she was the first cousin four times removed of
1081:
William Coleman Folger, "Folger Family" (Gideon Folger) MS.,
204:. Other notable family members included her extended cousins
1057:
Peggy Baker, "The ‘First Family’ of Phrenology", August 2004
1001:
Notable American Women 1607–1950: A Biographical Dictionary
156:(May 5, 1823 – January 26, 1879) was a pioneering American
830:
Clean Living Movements: American Cycles of Health Reform
869:
Sexual Science: The Victorian Construction of Womanhood
1138:(Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press, 1971)
1110:(1881), pp. 178–181, 476–478, 489–492, 519n, 548n
334:
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How to Preserve the Skin and Increase Personal Beauty
451:
How to talk – the Tongue and the Language of Nature
432:
759:
481:How to Secure a Healthy Spine and Vigorous Muscles
707:. Southern Illinois University Press. p. 80.
378:in 1855 described one of Fowler's lectures, to a
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971:. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press.
911:. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. p. 88.
927:"Wheaton graduate becomes doctor", quoting the
890:
888:
844:Dr. Mary Walker: An American Radical, 1832-1919
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272:Lydia and Lorenzo Fowler had three daughters:
1201:British Women's Temperance Association people
1069:"A Lesser-Known Daughter of Nantucket: Lydia"
656:"A Lesser-Known Daughter of Nantucket: Lydia"
1013:Robert McHenry, ed., "Lydia Folger Fowler",
885:
770:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
126:Second female physician in the United States
1152:Sue Young Homeopathy, "Lydia Folger Fowler"
894:Elizabeth Silverthorne and Geneva Fulgham,
16:American-born British physician (1823–1879)
629:Fowler, Lydia F. (Lydia Folger), 1823-1879
29:
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475:The Eye and Ear, and How to Preserve Them
846:. Rutgers University Press. p. 10.
524:Fowler is buried on the eastern side of
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1024:The Daisy: A Journal of Pure Literature
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767:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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1206:19th-century American women physicians
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1083:New England Hist. Genealogical Society
999:John B. Blake, "Lydia Folger Fowler",
841:
801:
665:
393:British Women's Temperance Association
356:Women's Grand Temperance Demonstration
286:British Women's Temperance Association
1113:
944:"History of Woman Suffrage, Volume I"
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239:, were well-known phrenologists; the
1216:People from Nantucket, Massachusetts
1033:, February 15, 1879, pp. 82–83.
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1191:19th-century American women writers
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345:New York Hygeio-Therapeutic College
335:Career and professional involvement
100:Central Medical College, New York (
13:
1029:"Lydia Folger Fowler" (obituary),
960:
382:-sponsored program on motherhood:
341:Rochester Eclectic Medical College
14:
1232:
1176:American women's rights activists
1049:"Wheaton graduate becomes doctor"
907:Ogilvie, Marilyn Bailey. (1993).
790:
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687:"Wheaton graduate becomes doctor"
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216:. Lydia was also a member of the
117:Central Medical College, New York
1211:19th-century American physicians
896:Women Pioneers in Texas Medicine
433:Treatises and lectures on health
164:) and one of the first American
936:
921:
901:
867:Russett, Cynthia Eagle (1989).
860:
835:
693:(last visited August 23, 2012).
402:
90:Wheaton College (Massachusetts)
758:Clement, Mark (May 24, 2007).
711:
696:
508:
420:Familiar Lessons on Phrenology
414:Familiar Lessons on Physiology
183:
58:, Massachusetts, United States
1:
1196:19th-century American writers
1181:American temperance activists
612:
463:How, When, and Where to Sleep
426:Familiar Lessons on Astronomy
369:The History of Woman Suffrage
1186:Burials at Highgate Cemetery
784:UK public library membership
447:(1864) (a feminist treatise)
297:
7:
1062:Phrenology: Fad and Science
495:Nora: The Lost and Redeemed
10:
1237:
1008:Women Doctors of the World
967:Atwater, Edward C (2016).
842:Harris, Sharon M. (2009).
1147:Annals of Medical History
1141:Frederick Clayton Waite,
1136:The Phrenological Fowlers
1107:History of Woman Suffrage
898:, "Introduction", p.xxii.
703:Skinner, Carolyn (2014).
605:, Lydia F. Fowler, M.D.,
534:History of Woman Suffrage
517:Grave of Lydia Fowler in
188:Lydia Folger was born in
180:, continued their ideas.
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137:
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82:
63:
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528:in London (Plot 23071).
422:(1847, Fowler and Wells)
416:(1847, Fowler and Wells)
399:in London (Plot 23071).
222:Macy's department stores
1093:The Crooked Lake Review
995:Encyclopædia Britannica
993:"Lydia Folger Fowler",
816:10.1111/1600-0498.12015
498:(1863 temperance novel)
352:Seneca Falls Convention
304:Wheaton Female Seminary
218:Starbuck whaling family
1102:Elizabeth Cady Stanton
1010:(1957), pp. 8–21.
776:10.1093/ref:odnb/55221
761:"Fowler, Lydia Folger"
521:
364:Elizabeth Cady Stanton
354:and presided over the
212:and her paternal aunt
1089:"Lydia Folger Fowler"
1031:Englishwoman's Review
1006:Esther Pohl Lovejoy,
719:"Lydia Folger Fowler"
571:Josephine S. Griffing
516:
504:(1870 book of poetry)
291:Phrenological Journal
278:Loretta Fowler Piercy
255:William Cullen Bryant
1134:Madeleine B. Stern,
1045:, September 4, 1896.
828:Ruth Clifford Engs,
743:, September 4, 1896.
607:Paulina Wright Davis
531:The first volume of
408:Young adult audience
313:Sarah Adamson Dolley
302:Folger attended the
229:Lorenzo Niles Fowler
214:Phebe Folger Coleman
206:Lucretia Coffin Mott
198:Mary Morrill Foulger
723:Crooked Lake Review
539:Mary Wollstonecraft
329:Elizabeth Blackwell
282:Jessie Allen Fowler
237:Orson Squire Fowler
178:Jessie Allen Fowler
162:Elizabeth Blackwell
154:Lydia Folger Fowler
23:Lydia Folger Fowler
1095:, October 7, 1988.
1087:Marion Sauerbier,
1073:Historic Nantucket
725:, October 7, 1988.
717:Marion Sauerbier,
660:Historic Nantucket
583:Mariana W. Johnson
522:
488:Fiction and poetry
274:Amelia Mary Fowler
233:Walter Folger, Jr.
176:and her daughter,
949:Project Gutenberg
782:(Subscription or
555:Lydia Maria Child
551:Harriet Martineau
526:Highgate Cemetery
519:Highgate Cemetery
397:Highgate Cemetery
360:Metropolitan Hall
317:Eclectic medicine
309:Myra King Merrick
202:Benjamin Franklin
166:women in medicine
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142:Eclectic Medicine
132:Scientific career
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575:Martha C. Wright
375:New York Tribune
366:later dedicated
267:Sir Henry Irving
259:Baron Rothschild
172:. She married a
170:woman in science
168:and a prominent
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567:Angelina Grimké
559:Margaret Fuller
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247:Charles Dickens
227:Folger married
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69:(1879-01-26)
42:Lydia Folger
1171:1879 deaths
1166:1823 births
595:Ann Preston
591:Phebe Carey
509:Remembrance
380:P.T. Barnum
184:Family life
52:May 5, 1823
1160:Categories
786:required.)
613:References
599:Lydia Mott
48:1823-05-05
987:945359277
804:Centaurus
298:Education
190:Nantucket
158:physician
83:Education
77:, England
56:Nantucket
597:, M.D.,
581:, M.D.,
483:(1864).
1128:327359
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265:, and
138:Fields
75:London
587:Alice
563:Sarah
1124:PMID
983:OCLC
973:ISBN
913:ISBN
873:ISBN
848:ISBN
589:and
565:and
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