645:
597:
613:
53:
31:
629:
266:
studies. Several different ways of representing this situation taxonomically have been used, and are still in use as of 2019, including three subfamilies with multiple genera, and three genera with multiple subgeneric divisions. Three subfamilies, including
Lycopodielloideae, were first suggested by
217:
of
Lycopodielloideae species are relatively short herbaceous plants. They have stems with pseudomonopodial branching in which unequal binary branching produces the appearance of a main stem with secondary side branches. The main stems are indeterminate and of various forms, including
289:
Within the family
Lycopodiaceae, there is support for three subgroups. In 2016, Field et al. proposed that the primary division is between Lycopodielloideae plus Lycopodioideae (which comprised their Lycopodioideae) and Huperzioideae (subfamilies
399:
Field et al. (2016) included eight species of
Lycopodielloideae in their analysis, which suggested the relationships among the genera shown in the following cladogram, where the number of species included in the study is shown in parentheses:
830:
Field, Ashley R.; Testo, Weston; Bostock, Peter D.; Holtum, Joseph A.M. & Waycott, Michelle (January 2016), "Molecular
Phylogenetics and the Morphology of the Lycopodiaceae Subfamily Huperzioideae Supports Three Genera:
269:
259:
644:
1002:
535:
In the
Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the Lycopodielloideae comprises the following genera:
242:
The family
Lycopodiaceae was first established in 1802. Although other genera now placed within the family (in particular
596:
799:
Wagner Jr., Warren H. & Beitel, Joseph M. (1992), "Generic
Classification of Modern North American Lycopodiaceae",
273:
as it was then. The names were validated by
Benjamin Øllgaard in 2015. The entire subfamily Lycopodielloideae in the
1007:
989:
776:
651:
52:
274:
184:
612:
980:
230:), which are notably different from the normal leaves, and are grouped into compact terminal structures (
912:
739:
1071:
188:
865:
Christenhusz, Maarten J.M. & Chase, Mark W. (2014), "Trends and concepts in fern classification",
222:, creeping and upright. The branches are usually determinate (i.e. of limited growth and extension).
713:Øllgaard, B. (2015), "Six new species and some nomenclatural changes in neotropical Lycopodiaceae",
262:
in the 1980s established three clear divisions within the family. This has since been supported by
603:
263:
1066:
942:
1020:
628:
619:
39:
8:
887:
808:
570:
444:
255:
155:
47:
267:
Warren Wagner Jr. and Joseph Beitel in 1992, but were not validly published under the
1015:
892:
635:
680:
PPG I (2016), "A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns",
882:
874:
848:
722:
689:
1043:
965:
852:
353:
202:
198:
110:
100:
77:
1060:
540:
469:
371:
180:
120:
1033:
30:
896:
550:
419:
193:
974:
878:
226:
are borne at the bases or in the axils of special spore-bearing leaves (
812:
560:
487:
250:
227:
223:
214:
726:
694:
231:
90:
994:
936:
767:
1028:
959:
244:
219:
277:
classification of 2016 (PPG I) corresponds to the single genus
248:, published in 1801) had been described, until the mid-1900s,
584:
64:
187:
classification of 2016 (PPG I). It is equivalent to a broad
829:
580:
All of these genera are submerged into a single genus
234:). The strobili may be either upright or drooping.
907:
905:
864:
1058:
798:
902:
760:
732:
254:was often the only genus recognized. Work by
794:
792:
270:International Code of Botanical Nomenclature
29:
886:
858:
789:
693:
825:
823:
821:
712:
708:
706:
704:
801:Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden
201:, members of the Lycopodielloideae are
1059:
675:
673:
671:
669:
941:
940:
845:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
818:
701:
679:
682:Journal of Systematics and Evolution
587:in other systems of classification.
777:The International Plant Names Index
666:
197:in other classifications. Like all
13:
135:W.H.Wagner & Beitel ex B.Øllg.
14:
1083:
591:Some species of Lycopodielloideae
643:
627:
611:
595:
51:
652:Pseudolycopodiella caroliniana
208:
1:
659:
179:is a subfamily in the family
923:, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
750:, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
284:
275:Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group
185:Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group
7:
853:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.09.024
237:
147:
10:
1088:
921:Plants of the World Online
748:Plants of the World Online
281:in other classifications.
205:that reproduce by spores.
949:
530:
484:
466:
459:
441:
434:
416:
409:
369:
352:
334:
317:
310:
303:
161:
154:
145:
140:
48:Scientific classification
46:
37:
28:
23:
715:Nordic Journal of Botany
604:Lateristachys lateralis
847:, 94, Part B: 635–57,
264:molecular phylogenetic
169:sensu Øllgaard (1987)
620:Lycopodiella inundata
40:Lycopodiella inundata
359:Field et al. (2016)
319:Lycopodielloideae (
16:Subfamily of plants
879:10.1093/aob/mct299
744:P.Beauv. ex Mirb."
571:Pseudolycopodiella
565:Franco & Vasc.
445:Pseudolycopodiella
407:Lycopodielloideae
24:Lycopodielloideae
1072:Plant subfamilies
1054:
1053:
1016:Open Tree of Life
981:Lycopodielloideae
951:Lycopodielloideae
943:Taxon identifiers
727:10.1111/njb.00652
695:10.1111/jse.12229
636:Palhinhaea cernua
576:
566:
556:
546:
527:
526:
518:
517:
509:
508:
500:
499:
396:
395:
387:
386:
349:
348:
260:Benjamin Øllgaard
177:Lycopodielloideae
174:
173:
168:
136:
131:Lycopodielloideae
1079:
1047:
1046:
1037:
1036:
1024:
1023:
1011:
1010:
998:
997:
985:
984:
983:
970:
969:
968:
938:
937:
931:
930:
929:
928:
909:
900:
899:
890:
867:Annals of Botany
862:
856:
855:
827:
816:
815:
796:
787:
786:
785:
784:
764:
758:
757:
756:
755:
736:
730:
729:
710:
699:
698:
697:
677:
647:
631:
615:
599:
574:
564:
554:
544:
462:
461:
437:
436:
412:
411:
404:
403:
336:Lycopodioideae (
313:
312:
306:
305:
298:
297:
166:
134:
56:
55:
33:
21:
20:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1077:
1076:
1057:
1056:
1055:
1050:
1042:
1040:
1032:
1027:
1019:
1014:
1006:
1001:
993:
988:
979:
978:
973:
964:
963:
958:
945:
935:
934:
926:
924:
911:
910:
903:
863:
859:
828:
819:
797:
790:
782:
780:
766:
765:
761:
753:
751:
738:
737:
733:
711:
702:
678:
667:
662:
655:
648:
639:
632:
623:
616:
607:
600:
533:
528:
519:
510:
501:
397:
388:
350:
287:
240:
211:
203:vascular plants
189:circumscription
133:
50:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1085:
1075:
1074:
1069:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1048:
1038:
1025:
1012:
999:
986:
971:
955:
953:
947:
946:
933:
932:
901:
873:(9): 571–594,
857:
817:
807:(3): 676–686,
788:
759:
731:
700:
688:(6): 563–603,
664:
663:
661:
658:
657:
656:
649:
642:
640:
633:
626:
624:
617:
610:
608:
601:
594:
592:
578:
577:
567:
557:
547:
532:
529:
525:
524:
521:
520:
516:
515:
512:
511:
507:
506:
503:
502:
498:
497:
494:
493:
483:
480:
479:
476:
475:
465:
460:
458:
455:
454:
451:
450:
440:
435:
433:
430:
429:
426:
425:
415:
410:
408:
402:
394:
393:
390:
389:
385:
384:
381:
380:
368:
365:
364:
361:
360:
354:Lycopodioideae
351:
347:
346:
343:
342:
333:
330:
329:
326:
325:
316:
311:
309:
304:
302:
301:Lycopodiaceae
296:
286:
283:
239:
236:
210:
207:
172:
171:
159:
158:
152:
151:
143:
142:
138:
137:
128:
124:
123:
118:
114:
113:
108:
104:
103:
101:Lycopodiopsida
98:
94:
93:
88:
81:
80:
75:
68:
67:
62:
58:
57:
44:
43:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1084:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1067:Lycopodiaceae
1065:
1064:
1062:
1045:
1039:
1035:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1004:
1000:
996:
991:
987:
982:
976:
972:
967:
961:
957:
956:
954:
952:
948:
944:
939:
922:
918:
916:
908:
906:
898:
894:
889:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
861:
854:
850:
846:
842:
841:Phylloglossum
838:
837:Phlegmariurus
834:
826:
824:
822:
814:
810:
806:
802:
795:
793:
779:
778:
773:
771:
763:
749:
745:
743:
742:Lycopodiaceae
735:
728:
724:
720:
716:
709:
707:
705:
696:
691:
687:
683:
676:
674:
672:
670:
665:
654:
653:
646:
641:
638:
637:
630:
625:
622:
621:
614:
609:
606:
605:
598:
593:
590:
589:
588:
586:
583:
573:
572:
568:
563:
562:
558:
553:
552:
548:
543:
542:
541:Lateristachys
538:
537:
536:
523:
522:
514:
513:
505:
504:
496:
495:
492:
490:
489:
482:
481:
478:
477:
474:
472:
471:
470:Lateristachys
464:
463:
457:
456:
453:
452:
449:
447:
446:
439:
438:
432:
431:
428:
427:
424:
422:
421:
414:
413:
406:
405:
401:
392:
391:
383:
382:
379:
377:
373:
372:Huperzioideae
367:
366:
363:
362:
358:
355:
345:
344:
341:
339:
332:
331:
328:
327:
324:
322:
315:
314:
308:
307:
300:
299:
295:
293:
282:
280:
276:
272:
271:
265:
261:
257:
253:
252:
247:
246:
235:
233:
229:
225:
221:
216:
206:
204:
200:
196:
195:
191:of the genus
190:
186:
182:
181:Lycopodiaceae
178:
170:
165:
160:
157:
153:
150:
149:
144:
139:
132:
129:
126:
125:
122:
121:Lycopodiaceae
119:
116:
115:
112:
109:
106:
105:
102:
99:
96:
95:
92:
89:
86:
83:
82:
79:
78:Tracheophytes
76:
73:
70:
69:
66:
63:
60:
59:
54:
49:
45:
42:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
950:
925:, retrieved
920:
915:Lycopodiella
914:
870:
866:
860:
844:
840:
836:
832:
804:
800:
781:, retrieved
775:
769:
762:
752:, retrieved
747:
741:
734:
718:
714:
685:
681:
650:
634:
618:
602:
582:Lycopodiella
581:
579:
569:
559:
551:Lycopodiella
549:
539:
534:
486:
485:
468:
467:
443:
442:
420:Lycopodiella
418:
417:
398:
375:
370:
356:
340:s.l.)
337:
335:
323:s.l.)
321:Lycopodiella
320:
318:
291:
288:
279:Lycopodiella
278:
268:
249:
243:
241:
212:
194:Lycopodiella
192:
176:
175:
164:Lycopodiella
163:
162:
146:
130:
111:Lycopodiales
84:
71:
38:
18:
975:Wikispecies
721:: 186–196,
256:Josef Holub
228:sporophylls
220:rhizomatous
215:sporophytes
209:Description
127:Subfamily:
1061:Categories
995:77148860-1
927:2019-12-10
783:2019-12-10
754:2019-12-10
660:References
585:sensu lato
561:Palhinhaea
488:Palhinhaea
338:Lycopodium
251:Lycopodium
199:lycophytes
91:Lycophytes
1034:100438050
966:Q30109289
491:(4 spp.)
423:(2 spp.)
285:Phylogeny
224:Sporangia
61:Kingdom:
1041:VASCAN:
1029:Tropicos
960:Wikidata
897:24532607
833:Huperzia
770:Huperzia
473:(1 sp.)
448:(1 sp.)
376:Huperzia
294:PPG I).
245:Huperzia
238:Taxonomy
232:strobili
156:Synonyms
148:See text
117:Family:
1021:7058495
1008:1965345
888:3936591
813:2399759
772:Bernh."
183:in the
141:Genera
107:Order:
97:Class:
65:Plantae
917:Holub"
895:
885:
811:
531:Genera
378:s.l.)
1044:31523
809:JSTOR
575:Holub
555:Holub
545:Holub
357:sensu
292:sensu
167:Holub
85:Clade
72:Clade
1003:NCBI
990:IPNI
893:PMID
839:and
258:and
213:The
883:PMC
875:doi
871:113
849:doi
843:",
723:doi
690:doi
1063::
1031::
1018::
1005::
992::
977::
962::
919:,
904:^
891:,
881:,
869:,
835:,
820:^
805:79
803:,
791:^
774:,
746:,
719:33
717:,
703:^
686:54
684:,
668:^
87::
74::
913:"
877::
851::
768:"
740:"
725::
692::
374:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
