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indigenous
Chinese intellectual property. He stated that China had created a high-speed railway system that had the "greatest comprehensive technology, best integrative ability, highest operational distance, fastest operational speed, and largest scale of construction" in the world. (In reality the rail system was largely based on German and Japanese designs). Shortly after Liu's completion of China's first high-speed rail line, in the autumn of 2008, the Chinese government more than doubled Liu's ministry's budget (as part of an effort to combat
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able to amass a fortune equivalent to US$ 50 million in cash, real estate comprising 374 properties, jewelry, and art. He was sentenced to death, but this sentence was suspended and reduced to sixteen years in jail, after which he was transferred to a hospital to serve his sentence there. While serving his sentence in hospital he reportedly continued to conduct rail business by phone.
437:. At the time that Liu was made Minister of Railways, the Ministry of Railways was the second most powerful ministry in China (second to the military). It had its own police, judges, and courts, and had a budget of billions of dollars. After being named minister, Liu announced plans to dramatically expand China's then-underdeveloped railway system by building 7,500 miles of new
559:, in which a faulty signal box led to the deaths of forty people and injured one hundred and ninety-two, exposed him to further accusations of systematic corruption and incompetence within his Rail Ministry. The Railway Ministry unsuccessfully attempted to cover up the details of the crash, but lingering public criticism led Prime Minister
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309:. Liu was a peasant's son who left school in his teens to take a job as a low-level bureaucrat in the Railway Ministry. He rose rapidly within the Ministry, eventually heading several regional railway departments and serving as vice-minister before being promoted to the head of the Railway Ministry in 2003.
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Liu was expelled from the
Chinese Communist Party in May 2011 for "severe violations of discipline" and "primary leadership responsibilities for the serious corruption problem within the railway system". The Chinese state press alleged that Liu took an illegal 4% commission on railway deals, and that
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tracks, more than could be found in the rest of the world combined. The central government supported Liu's plans, and allocated Liu a budget of over two hundred and fifty billion dollars (over several years). This made Liu's plan the world's most well-funded public infrastructure project since the
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Liu was criticized within China for arranging a high-level position within the ministry for his brother, Liu
Zhixiang. In January 2005 Liu Zhixiang was arrested for embezzlement, bribe-taking, and arranging the killing of a contractor intent on exposing him. Before being arrested, Liu Zhixiang was
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business magnate Ding Yuxin (former name Ding
Shumiao) of Boyou Investment Management Group Ltd., a company whose portfolio benefited greatly from China's rapid high-speed rail construction. Just prior to his dismissal Liu had traveled over 7,000 miles across China, from 30 January to 8 February,
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in the 1950s. In order to complete China's first high-speed rail line before the end of 2008, Liu led the
Railway Ministry's employees to work around the clock. His habit of telling people that "To achieve a great leap, an entire generation must be sacrificed" earned him the nickname "Great Leap
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to visit the crash site shortly after the incident, where he promised a full, public government investigation and justice for those found responsible. The government released its findings in
December 2011, in which it acknowledged and blamed the disaster on "serious design flaws", "a neglect of
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In 2009 Liu gave a public lecture in which he voiced his opinion that, in order to avoid rising costs due to China's high rate of inflation, his ministry must "seize the opportunity, build more railways, and build them fast." Before 2011 the
Railway Ministry acted as its own regulator and was
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When China's first high-speed rail system completed its first test-run in June 2008 it was 75 per cent over budget, but was hailed in the
Chinese media as an achievement worthy of national pride. Liu described his achievement as having created a network with a comprehensive system involving
381:. Liu continued his education, later earning a master's degree in Engineering from the Party School. Liu ascended through the ranks of the rail ministry swiftly, and before running the entire ministry served two separate, subsequent terms as the director of two regional railway bureaus, in
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virtually unsupervised by the central government. Liu personally attempted to intimidate academics critical of the pace of the high-speed railway's construction, and ignored
Japanese warnings that his trains were being operated at speeds 25% greater than what was considered safe in Japan.
495:. In addition, Liu was personally subject to online criticism for his repeated marriages. Illegal subcontracting was a common practice throughout Liu's tenure as head of the rail ministry, so that much of the staff who built the railway were poorly educated, trained, and supplied.
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in July 2013. After his fall in 2011, Chinese government censors removed and/or blocked within China the many glowing reviews of his government service which had accumulated over his career, so that now only the details of his arrest remain available within China.
370:(CCP) the next year, in August 1973. While working at the rail ministry he became a trusted letter-writer for some of his more poorly-educated superiors within the ministry, and in 1974, when he was twenty-one, he married into a politically well-connected family.
463:), and gave him the responsibility laying ten thousand miles of high-speed rail track by 2020: five times the size of America's first transcontinental route. By 2010 Liu's budget was over one hundred billion dollars (US). In 2011, the American president,
510:, the reason for the investigation was that Liu was suspected of abusing his position to receive very large bribes. Investigators began to act after concluding that Liu was planning to use his illegal fortune in order to bribe his way into the
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Liu". (Some of his detractors also called him "Lunatic Liu" for the pace of his work). While developing China's high-speed rail system, Liu also oversaw comprehensive upgrades of China's standard rail system, and he oversaw the opening of the
518:. Shortly following the announcement of the investigation, Liu was dismissed from his position as party chief of the ministry on 12 February. The allegations of corruption against him led to his dismissal as Minister on 25 February 2011.
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in July 2013. On 14 December 2015, Liu Zhijun's sentence was statutorily commuted to life imprisonment. The prison authorities said that he was expressing repentance and had committed no intentional offences during the reprieve period.
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safety management", and flaws in the bidding and testing processes used to acquire materials. The report publicly blamed fifty-four private and government figures for the disaster, the most prominent of which was Liu Zhijun.
74:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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in July 2011, in which forty people died and one hundred and ninety-two people were injured, a government report singled out his leadership as one of the main contributors to the crash and he was publicly criticized.
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On 14 December 2015, Liu Zhijun's sentence was commuted to life imprisonment. The prison authorities said that he was expressing repentance and had committed no intentional offences during the reprieve period.
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During his tenure, Liu's ministry was criticized for its illegitimate business interests and relationships with large companies, its inability to improve conditions for migrant workers during the
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he had accumulated over two hundred and fifty million dollars in bribes. The CCP later accused him of "sexual misconduct", a revelation which surprised many who had followed Liu's career. The
530:. His downfall came suddenly and unexpectedly. At the time of his dismissal, the international media considered Liu the highest-level Party official to be prosecuted for corruption since
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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962:[Chinese Minister of Railways Liu Zhijun Suspected of Serious Violations of Party Discipline and investigated]. Duowei News
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As
Railway Minister, Liu oversaw numerous expansions of China's railway system, most notably the rapid development of China's
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Following the December report, Liu's name became a byword for "a broken system". He was put on trial in 2013 and received a
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In February 2011 Liu Zhijun was placed under investigation for alleged "severe violations of discipline" by the Chinese
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Mu "Chinese Minister of Railways Liu Zhijun Suspected of Serious Violations of Party Discipline and investigated" p.1
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Chinese Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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981:[Liu Zhijun Inspected Work During Chinese New Year for Ten Days Straight]. Duowei News
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position of Minister of Railways, until his removal was confirmed later in 2011 by the
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inspecting China's railways in order to ensure smooth operations during the subsequent
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921:[Investigation of Liu Zhijun Linked to the Ding Shumiao Case]. Duowei News
1000:[Major Events in China's Railway System During Liu's Tenure]. Duowei News
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856:"The Trial of the Most Hated Man in China: Former Railways Minister Liu Zhijun"
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and abusing his power as Minister of Railways. He was convicted and received a
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946:"China's Railway Minister Under Investigation Over 'Disciplinary Violation'"
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Mu "Liu Zhijun Inspected Work During Chinese New Year for Ten Days Straight"
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This article is about the Chinese politician. For the ancient general, see
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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Liu was promoted to vice-minister, and later succeeded then-Minister
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305:; born 29 January 1953) is a former Chinese politician who served as
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as Minister of Railways in March 2003 at the annual meeting of the
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repeated this report, alleging that Liu kept eighteen mistresses.
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His dismissal was linked to an earlier corruption case involving
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358:. His father was a farmer, and he grew up in the villages around
1017:"Boss Rail: The Disaster That Exposed the Underside of the Boom"
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Mu "Major Events in China's Railway System During Liu's Tenure"
753:"Death Sentence Reduced to Life in Prison for Wife of Bo Xilai"
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755:. China Radio International. 14 December 2015. Archived from
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1039:"China’s Railway Minister Loses Post in Corruption Inquiry"
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In July 2011, while Liu was still under investigation, the
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post as chief of the ministry, Liu nominally retained the
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725:"Chinese ex-minister gets death sentence for corruption"
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Ministers of Railways of the People's Republic of China
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Minister of Railways of the People's Republic of China
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Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
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1110:People's Republic of China politicians from Hubei
1034:. 25 February 2011. Retrieved 26 February 2011. .
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939:Gov.cn: Chinese Government's Official Web Portal
707:"Korrupter Chinese: Todesstrafe auf Bewährung".
1120:Expelled members of the Chinese Communist Party
1130:Chinese Communist Party politicians from Hubei
1045:. 12 February 2011. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
952:. 12 February 2011. Retrieved 26 October 2012.
506:(CCDI). According to the CCDI and the Chinese
92:accompanying your translation by providing an
58:Click for important translation instructions.
45:expand this article with text translated from
1023:. 22 October 2012. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
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504:Central Commission for Discipline Inspection
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1028:"China Railways Minister Dismissed -Xinhua"
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368:Chinese Communist Party
318:Wenzhou train collision
113:For more guidance, see
1115:Politicians from Ezhou
709:Manager Magazin Online
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1032:The Los Angeles Times
688:www.chinadaily.com.cn
643:– via LA Times.
628:. BBC. 10 April 2013.
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104:{{Translated|zh|刘志军}}
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759:on 14 December 2015.
401:Minister of Railways
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163:Minister of Railways
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959:中国铁道部长刘志军涉嫌严重违纪接受调查
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307:Minister of Railway
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978:刘志军连续10天视察春运
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935:"Liu Zhijun"
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918:刘志军被查与丁书苗案有关
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1013:Osnos, Evan
950:Xinhua News
397:, in 2002.
393:during its
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1060:Fu Zhihuan
1004:25 October
997:刘志军任内铁路大事记
985:26 October
966:26 October
925:26 October
612:References
598:government
561:Wen Jiabao
431:Fu Zhihuan
326:corruption
302:Liú Zhìjūn
277:Liu Zhijun
249:Profession
229:1953-01-29
196:Fu Zhihuan
184:Wen Jiabao
132:Liu Zhijun
49:in Chinese
544:Hong Kong
538:in 2006.
516:Politburo
419:Hexie Hao
415:Ed Markey
413:and Rep.
259:Signature
171:In office
108:talk page
944:Lu Hui.
933:Gov.cn.
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549:Ming Pao
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383:Liaoning
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223:Born
82:must
80:You
892:Cao
883:Wee
293:劉志軍
285:刘志军
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