47:
2211:
19:
2731:
2527:
1586:
1251:
1193:
1867:
1695:
1519:
6102:
2387:
2323:
1122:
1042:
964:
886:
808:
730:
576:
500:
424:
348:
2497:
2595:
2445:
2355:
2295:
2262:
2134:
2098:
1976:
1965:
1926:
1845:
1834:
1756:
1675:
1485:
1360:
1319:
653:
2748:
2686:
1856:
2422:
1685:
1508:
2781:
2559:
2398:
2065:
1799:
1497:
1132:
2169:
2015:
1878:
1706:
1531:
6009:
2767:
179:, through which they are built and maintained, allowing the joining or movement of modules and the docking of other spacecrafts for the exchange of people, supplies and tools. While space stations generally do not leave their orbit, they do feature
2199:, announced in July 2024 that has contracted Mitsui & Co. to develop a concept for a new space station module for eventual flight and docking to an American private space station as yet to be determined as of the initial announcement.
1272:
project by the United States, while the
Genesis stations were launched privately. The Genesis stations were "retired" when their avionics systems stopped working after two and a half years, yet they still remain in orbit as
5562:
5982:
5649:
5168:
1636:
These space stations have been announced by their host entity and are currently in planning, development or production. The launch date listed here may change as more information becomes available.
2754:
Size comparisons between current and past space stations as they appeared most recently. Solar panels in blue, heat radiators in red. Stations have different depths not shown by silhouettes.
5410:
5536:
5442:
4882:
5143:
5106:
Ondler said in the briefing that the first of those modules is now scheduled to launch to the ISS at the end of 2026, about a year later than the company previously announced.
5558:
5595:
5974:
5642:
4981:
169:
mission in 2009. The record for most people on all space stations at the same time has been 17, first on May 30, 2023, with 11 people on the ISS and 6 on the TSS.
5392:
5628:
2680:
2666:
5952:
2734:
2664:
5338:
2120:"Scheduled to be the world's first commercial space station, Haven-1 and subsequent human spaceflight missions will accelerate access to space exploration"
1952:"The StarMax module provides up to 400 cubic meters of usable habitable volume - nearly half the volume of the International Space Station in one module."
2156:"Before offering LIFE for Orbital Reef, though, the company is proposing to launch a standalone “pathfinder” version of LIFE as soon as the end of 2026".
5747:
1821:
With Russia leaving the ISS programme sometime after 2024, Roscosmos announced this new space station in April 2021 as the replacement for that program.
2580:
were launched and attached to the ISS- but proposals to split these off as a separate station were cancelled, and they instead remain part of the ISS.
5324:
5526:
1785:
Eventually will detach from the ISS in the early 2030s and form a private, free flying space station for commercial tourism and science activities.
3065:
6328:
5367:"ISRO Chairman announces details of Gaganyaan, Chandrayaan-2 and Missions to Sun& Venus India to have its own space station, says Dr K Sivan"
2551:
1849:
2735:
5912:
2661:
5432:
6333:
4890:
2998:
1268:
These stations are prototypes; they only exist as testing platforms and were never intended to be crewed. OPS 0855 was part of a cancelled
162:. The highest number of people at the same time on one space station has been 13, first achieved with the eleven day docking to the ISS of
3372:
5674:
2881:
2047:, but will instead build a space station of its own. of 52 Tonne Mass It is intended to be built 5–7 years after the conclusion of the
1930:
5585:
5088:
4607:
3089:
4229:
4108:
3932:
5282:
1904:"Commercial platform supporting a business designed to enable science, research, and manufacturing for customers around the world."
6041:
5867:
2910:
4396:
4505:
2838:
The USSR intended to crew these stations with 2 men, however they re-entered the atmosphere before the cosmonauts were launched.
6602:
6597:
6520:
2809:
2161:
5643:"Space Compass initiates feasibility study to commercialize telecom and on-orbit data processing for post-ISS Japanese Module"
3643:
5788:
5707:
4158:
3885:
3737:
3710:
3617:
3507:
3476:
3229:
3189:
3154:
2958:
2125:
1766:
5805:
4281:
4035:
3753:
5618:
4743:
4714:
3523:
3248:
1046:
968:
890:
812:
734:
504:
352:
5491:
5241:
4316:
4255:
3901:
3779:
180:
2634:
1860:
4593:
4347:
4009:
1914:, to provide the main habitat for the station. As of 2024, they are no longer listed as a partner on Starlab's website.
4797:
3042:
2024:
203:
publicly. The Long
Duration Orbital Station (DOS) program was intended for scientific research into spaceflight. The
4479:
3277:
3075:
6070:
5842:
4912:
4626:
3333:
46:
6288:
4532:
2942:
5942:
93:. The purpose of maintaining a space station varies depending on the program. Most often space stations have been
6448:
6013:
4824:
3439:
1790:
6679:
6394:
5027:
2412:
5739:
2738:
6313:
2674:
2222:
3553:
2662:
6566:
6515:
6303:
6034:
3987:
2663:
2007:
6371:
6086:
4373:
4177:
3417:
3302:
2814:
2665:
2531:
2369:
2044:
1474:
137:
23:
4427:
3673:
2743:
2742:
2741:
6318:
6254:
4883:"International Space Station, ISS Information, Space Station Facts, News, Photos – National Geographic"
4854:
2740:
2669:
2252:
1389:
1328:
1269:
102:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2670:
5862:
5837:
3037:
2804:
2799:
2739:
2692:
Timeline of space stations, sorted by the nations that launched them. Prototype stations are marked*.
2668:
1590:
1255:
1197:
143:
Currently there are two fully operational space stations – the
International Space Station (ISS) and
5920:
2678:
5499:
5370:
5273:
3404:
2228:
Most of these stations were canceled due to financial difficulties, or merged into other projects.
136:. Uninterrupted occupation has been sustained since the operational transition from the Mir to the
90:
6674:
6479:
6419:
6027:
5695:
5296:
5278:
3002:
2737:
2642:
2266:
1826:
428:
184:
113:
98:
33:
6091:
3387:
2676:
2673:
2002:"Commercial station in LEO for research, industrial, international, and commercial customers."
1882:
1575:
148:
5770:
5666:
3727:
3499:
3493:
3466:
2936:
6551:
6525:
6402:
6379:
5689:
4959:
3144:
2546:
and 3 were merged, and were completed by a single station rather than two separate stations.
2346:
2314:
2056:
1740:
1699:
1688:
1523:
144:
6283:
5776:
5366:
5169:"Airbus et Voyager vont créer une coentreprise pour la construction d'une station spatiale"
4509:
4200:
4146:
3177:
3093:
2850:
Launch date of the initial module. Additional modules for this station were launched later.
2391:
580:
208:
86:
4686:
4648:
4233:
4112:
3936:
3121:
1910:
was included in the project, as of 2024, it appears their primary role has been filled by
8:
6561:
6308:
5268:
3832:
3810:
3702:
3696:
3221:
3215:
2435:
1415:
199:
The Soviet Union ran two programs simultaneously in the 1970s, both of which were called
78:
5975:"Northrop Grumman Signs Agreement with NASA to Design Space Station for Low Earth Orbit"
5857:
5780:
5059:
4772:
4570:
4150:
3965:
3181:
1731:
Intended to serve as a science platform and as a staging area for the lunar landings of
6640:
6556:
6387:
6293:
5437:
4078:
2902:
2786:
2667:
2576:
3578:
2736:
6624:
5916:
5784:
5713:
5703:
5144:"Voyager Space and Airbus to Form Joint Venture for Starlab Commercial Space Station"
5035:
4154:
3881:
3733:
3706:
3503:
3472:
3225:
3185:
3150:
2972:
2964:
2954:
2611:
2599:
2449:
1364:
82:
4747:
18:
6616:
6571:
6216:
6125:
6054:
5978:
4070:
3873:
3651:
3070:
2946:
2882:"Chinese astronaut launch breaks record for most people in orbit – Spaceflight Now"
2622:
2610:
Test articles were constructed but not flight ready hardware; cancelled due to the
1211:
1153:
172:
94:
4934:
6530:
6298:
6019:
5809:
5721:
5004:
4285:
4140:
4039:
3845:(Lecture at the University of Oregon, Salyut 3 is mentioned later in the lecture)
3757:
3598:
3171:
2980:
2501:
2487:
2210:
2177:
1907:
1736:
1715:
6101:
5586:"Sierra Space describes long-term plans for Dream Chaser and inflatable modules"
5527:"Vast and SpaceX aim to put the first commercial space station in orbit in 2025"
5089:"SpaceX yet to select launch pad for next Axiom Space private astronaut mission"
4718:
3527:
3252:
6632:
6608:
6576:
5889:
5503:
4457:
4320:
4259:
3905:
3865:
3783:
2496:
2102:
1855:
200:
129:
4673:
2950:
2460:
Canceled due to rising costs and ability to ground test key Galaxy subsystems
2308:
Constructed, but launch cancelled due to lack of funding. Now a museum piece.
6668:
6546:
6495:
6464:
6050:
5699:
5648:(Press release). Space Compass Corporation. 26 September 2023. Tokyo, Japan.
5343:
5039:
4351:
4013:
2594:
2444:
2354:
2294:
2261:
2133:
2097:
1975:
1964:
1925:
1871:
1844:
1833:
1755:
1748:
1674:
1666:
1484:
1359:
1318:
652:
176:
166:
106:
70:
62:
28:
4801:
3498:. United States: Smithsonian Institution with Harper Collins Books. p.
3032:
2976:
6581:
6474:
5725:
5217:
4483:
3281:
2984:
2772:
2386:
2322:
2138:
1980:
1957:
1274:
1121:
1041:
963:
885:
807:
729:
575:
499:
423:
347:
155:
6653:
Notes: † Never inhabited due to launch or on-orbit failure, ‡ Part of the
5832:
5465:
3443:
3337:
2219:
1969:
1760:
159:
3877:
6360:
6323:
6226:
6221:
6145:
5531:
4082:
2543:
2518:
2512:
Soviet hardware was acquired, but never launched due to lack of funds.
1205:
1147:
513:
74:
2280:
launched successfully, wider project cancelled due to excessive costs
6355:
6344:
6339:
6249:
6244:
5947:
5623:
5590:
5093:
4828:
4627:"Tiangong-1 crash: Chinese space station comes down in Pacific Ocean"
2638:
2563:
2466:
2402:
2069:
2048:
1838:
1803:
1501:
1351:
1136:
4074:
6350:
6195:
6170:
6165:
6160:
6155:
6150:
6140:
6130:
5740:"Spaceflight: The International Space Station and Its Predecessors"
5619:"Japanese venture seeks to develop commercial space station module"
5325:"ISRO Looks Beyond Manned Mission; Gaganyaan Aims to Include Women"
5301:
5242:"Blue Origin andn Sierra Space Developing Commercial Space Station"
5118:
2794:
2286:
2277:
2040:
1310:
977:
899:
821:
743:
665:
437:
283:
121:
117:
54:
5717:
2968:
2421:
1684:
1507:
6469:
3872:. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. p. 2.
3866:"The Mir Crew Safety Record: Implications for Space Colonization"
3674:"BBC – Solar System – Skylab (pictures, video, facts & news)"
3468:
Space
Enterprise: Living and Working Offworld in the 21st Century
2090:
196:
These stations have re-entered the atmosphere and disintegrated.
163:
39:
4744:"Chinese Space Program | Tiangong 1 | SinoDefence.com"
2747:
2685:
6200:
6008:
5670:
5667:"Mitsui selected to conduct a concept study of Japanese module"
5487:
5433:"India's own space station to come up in 5–7 years: Isro chief"
5119:"Russia to set up national orbital outpost in 2027 — Roscosmos"
2558:
2397:
2215:
2064:
1911:
1866:
1798:
1694:
1518:
1496:
1131:
589:
125:
50:
4937:. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 28 April 2016
2660:
2478:
Was under construction, but cancelled in favour of developing
6657:
military program, ° Never inhabited, lacks docking mechanism.
6654:
6413:
6135:
5193:
4088:
3701:. Washington, DC, United States: Joseph Henry Press. p.
3220:. Washington, DC, United States: Joseph Henry Press. p.
3146:
Salyut: Soviet steps toward permanent human presence in space
2526:
2378:
2337:
2168:
2014:
1877:
1705:
1585:
1530:
1250:
1192:
361:
204:
3066:"April 19, 1971: Soviets Put First Space Station Into Orbit"
5064:
5002:
2906:
2586:
2479:
2196:
2173:
2019:
1732:
1710:
1679:
1535:
1489:
1323:
657:
2340:
program cancelled in favour of uncrewed recon satellites.
6178:
5561:(Press release). Long Beach, California: Vast Space LLC.
4852:
4428:"Feb. 19, 1986: Mir, the Little Space Station That Could"
4224:
4222:
4220:
4218:
4201:"The DOS Space Stations: Expedition 5 (1981) and The End"
4103:
4101:
4099:
4097:
3927:
3925:
3923:
3859:
3857:
3855:
3853:
3851:
2425:
1511:
1055:
133:
4134:
4132:
4130:
3115:
3113:
3111:
154:(TSS), which have been occupied since October 2000 with
124:. Consecutively space stations have been operated since
5269:"Prime Minister reviews readiness of Gaganyaan Mission"
4172:
4170:
5393:"India planning to have own space station: ISRO chief"
4954:
4952:
4767:
4765:
4678:
4215:
4145:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 358.
4094:
3920:
3848:
3458:
3176:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 329.
5424:
4984:. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 2023
4855:"Bigelow's Second Orbital Module Launches Into Space"
4571:"Chinese rocket successfully launches mini-space lab"
4311:
4309:
4307:
4305:
4303:
4274:
4142:
Salyut - The First Space
Station: Triumph and Tragedy
4127:
4002:
3805:
3803:
3801:
3173:
Salyut - The First Space
Station: Triumph and Tragedy
3108:
112:
Space stations have been hosting the only continuous
4192:
4167:
4138:
3169:
2762:
5610:
5577:
5518:
4949:
4762:
3719:
3618:"July 11, 1979: Look Out Below! Here Comes Skylab!"
3092:. World Almanac Education Group Inc. Archived from
2930:
2928:
6049:
5824:
4709:
4707:
4608:"China Successfully Launches 1st Space Lab Module"
4594:"China Blasts First Space Lab Tiangong 1 to Orbit"
4452:
4450:
4448:
4300:
4248:
3798:
3635:
3136:
2834:
2832:
2830:
207:program was a secret military program that tested
5943:"Bigelow Aerospace Fast-Tracks Manned Spacecraft"
5028:"A Tour of China's Future Tiangong Space Station"
4773:"Directory of U.S. Military Rockets and Missiles"
4738:
4736:
4548:International Conference on Environmental Systems
3729:A History of Space Exploration: And Its Future...
3591:
2991:
1414:As of 2024, two stations are orbiting Earth with
120:(1971), hosting the first crew, of the ill-fated
85:for extended periods of time. It therefore is an
6666:
5935:
5659:
5559:"VAST Announces the Haven-1 and VAST-1 Missions"
5005:"Space Station | FYI | ISS Fact Sheet"
4848:
4846:
3960:
3958:
3956:
3954:
3547:
3545:
3432:
3418:"NASA – NSSDC – Spacecraft – Trajectory Details"
3082:
2925:
2637:, cancelled by Northrop Grumman to partner with
1074:
1069:
996:
991:
918:
913:
840:
835:
762:
757:
684:
679:
608:
603:
530:
525:
454:
449:
378:
373:
302:
297:
5263:
5261:
4915:. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
4704:
4642:
4640:
4550:. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
4460:. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
4445:
4394:
4376:. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
4342:
4340:
4338:
4180:. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
3551:
3420:. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
3026:
3024:
3022:
3020:
2853:
2827:
2733:
2043:announced in 2019 that India will not join the
1104:
1026:
948:
870:
792:
714:
638:
560:
484:
408:
332:
26:in front of the Earth. This image was taken by
5882:
5849:
5768:
5551:
4792:
4790:
4733:
4684:
3410:
3370:
3209:
3207:
3205:
3203:
3201:
6334:Orbital Technologies Commercial Space Station
6035:
5797:
5762:
5635:
5297:"India plans to launch space station by 2030"
5003:Public Broadcasting Station (28 April 2016).
4927:
4905:
4877:
4875:
4843:
4825:"Private space station test delayed till May"
4816:
4600:
4562:
4397:"Atlantis' Astronauts Bear Gifts To Mir Crew"
3951:
3894:
3863:
3609:
3542:
3366:
3364:
3362:
3360:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3243:
3241:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1064:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
986:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
908:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
830:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
752:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
674:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
598:
535:
459:
327:
322:
317:
312:
307:
292:
5967:
5339:"India eying an indigenous station in space"
5258:
4637:
4585:
4421:
4419:
4417:
4366:
4335:
3772:
3516:
3295:
3119:
3057:
3017:
1109:
1031:
953:
875:
797:
719:
643:
565:
555:
550:
545:
540:
489:
479:
474:
469:
464:
413:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
337:
5803:
5524:
5080:
4787:
4717:. Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from
4530:
4482:. Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from
4388:
4319:. Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from
4284:. Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from
4258:. Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from
4028:
4012:. Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from
3980:
3904:. Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from
3746:
3688:
3526:. Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from
3251:. Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from
3198:
6042:
6028:
5904:
4974:
4872:
4822:
4591:
4198:
4054:
3825:
3666:
3351:
3238:
3163:
140:(ISS), with its first occupation in 2000.
5890:"ISS Elements: Service Module ("Zvezda")"
5359:
4568:
4472:
4425:
4414:
3694:
3615:
3485:
3272:
3270:
3213:
5732:
5691:After Sputnik: 50 Years of the Space Age
3495:After Sputnik: 50 Years of the Space Age
3328:
3326:
3324:
3322:
3320:
2895:
2751:The image above contains clickable links
2729:
2689:The image above contains clickable links
2209:
1808:Russia's next generation space station.
1221:
1218:
1215:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1073:
1068:
1063:
995:
990:
985:
917:
912:
907:
839:
834:
829:
761:
756:
751:
683:
678:
673:
607:
602:
597:
529:
524:
521:
453:
448:
445:
369:
301:
296:
291:
128:(1973) and occupied since 1987 with the
45:
17:
5769:Shayler, David; Burgess, Colin (2007).
5687:
5681:
5492:"Russia unveils space plan beyond 2030"
5463:
5457:
5194:"Starlab - A New-Era Space Destination"
4996:
4524:
4498:
4350:. Aerospace Corporation. Archived from
4061:"Sixth Salyut Space Station Launched".
3782:. Aerospace Corporation. Archived from
3725:
3491:
3142:
2934:
1631:
1409:
6667:
6603:Space stations and habitats in fiction
6598:List of films featuring space stations
6521:Japanese Space Station Module (Mitsui)
5750:from the original on 22 September 2022
5486:
5141:
3464:
3267:
2810:Space stations and habitats in fiction
2162:Japanese Space Station Module (Mitsui)
1567:1,005 m (35,500 cu ft)
6023:
5845:from the original on 7 February 2024.
5616:
5583:
5430:
5198:Starlab - A New-Era Space Destination
5086:
4348:"Summary of Recovered Reentry Debris"
3641:
3317:
2913:from the original on 14 December 2023
2846:
2844:
2205:
1767:International Space Station programme
1203:
1145:
1053:
975:
897:
819:
741:
663:
587:
511:
435:
359:
281:
61:These paragraphs are an excerpt from
5525:Etherington, Darrell (10 May 2023).
5025:
4646:
4531:Macatangay, Ariel V.; Perry, Ray L.
4395:Seth Borenstein (16 November 1995).
3988:"Spaceflight :Soviet Space Stations"
3122:"The first Space Station - Salyut 1"
3063:
2903:"The Station: Russian Space History"
1622:340 m (12,000 cu ft)
1570:388 m (13,700 cu ft)
5655:from the original on 2 August 2024.
5598:from the original on 23 August 2024
5539:from the original on 1 October 2023
5411:"India's Space Exploration Roadmap"
5285:from the original on 5 August 2024.
4800:. Russian Space Web. Archived from
4624:
4038:. Russian Space Web. Archived from
3756:. Russian Space Web. Archived from
2635:Commercial LEO Destinations program
1625:122 m (4,310 cu ft)
1110:350 m (12,400 cu ft)
644:360 m (12,700 cu ft)
13:
5955:from the original on 30 March 2024
5631:from the original on 13 July 2024.
5565:from the original on 1 August 2024
4687:"Chinese spacecraft dock in orbit"
4685:Amos, Jonathan (2 November 2011).
4649:"Shenzhou 9 Docks with Tiangong 1"
4508:. SpaceStationInfo. Archived from
3966:"The DOS Space Stations: Salyut 4"
3045:from the original on 28 April 2024
2841:
2746:
2725:
2684:
2025:Indian Human Spaceflight Programme
1619:100,000 kg (220,000 lb)
1564:450,000 kg (990,000 lb)
1403:11.5 m (406 cu ft)
1383:11.5 m (410 cu ft)
1345:11.3 m (400 cu ft)
876:100 m (3,500 cu ft)
338:100 m (3,500 cu ft)
53:viewed from the command module of
14:
6691:
6087:International Space Station (ISS)
6071:List of commercial space stations
6001:
5910:
5870:from the original on 24 June 2024
5808:. astronautix.com. Archived from
5677:from the original on 27 May 2024.
4982:"The International Space Station"
4746:. SinoDefence.com. Archived from
3552:Stewart Taggart (22 March 2001).
3405:Full text available on Wikisource
3380:NASA Sti/Recon Technical Report N
2879:
1418:in place and fully operational.
1105:129,700 kg (285,900 lb)
1032:90 m (3,200 cu ft)
954:90 m (3,200 cu ft)
798:90 m (3,200 cu ft)
720:90 m (3,200 cu ft)
6289:Bigelow Commercial Space Station
6100:
6007:
5985:from the original on 3 July 2024
5855:
5830:
5688:Collins, Martin J., ed. (2007).
5445:from the original on 21 May 2024
5431:Singh, Surendra (13 June 2019).
5142:Jewett, Rachel (2 August 2023).
5087:Foust, Jeff (13 December 2023).
4592:Ken Kremer (29 September 2011).
4232:. Aerospaceguide. Archived from
4111:. Aerospaceguide. Archived from
4036:"OPS-3 (Salyut-5) space station"
3935:. Aerospaceguide. Archived from
3442:. planet4589.org. Archived from
3149:. DIANE Publishing. p. 15.
3030:
2779:
2765:
2593:
2557:
2525:
2495:
2443:
2420:
2396:
2385:
2368:Merged to form the basis of the
2353:
2321:
2293:
2260:
2167:
2132:
2096:
2063:
2013:
1974:
1963:
1924:
1876:
1865:
1854:
1843:
1832:
1797:
1754:
1704:
1693:
1683:
1673:
1584:
1529:
1517:
1506:
1495:
1483:
1358:
1317:
1249:
1243:15 m (530 cu ft)
1191:
1185:15 m (530 cu ft)
1130:
1120:
1040:
962:
884:
871:19,000 kg (42,000 lb)*
806:
793:18,900 kg (41,700 lb)*
728:
715:18,900 kg (41,700 lb)*
651:
639:77,088 kg (169,950 lb)
574:
498:
422:
346:
191:
6449:Russian Orbital Service Station
5480:
5403:
5385:
5331:
5317:
5289:
5234:
5210:
5186:
5161:
5135:
5111:
5052:
5019:
4853:Tariq Malik and Leonard David.
4667:
4618:
3864:Dudley-Rowley, Marilyn (2006).
3571:
2935:Harland, David Michael (2005).
2859:Correct as of 19 September 2024
1791:Russian Orbital Service Station
1342:9,680 kg (21,340 lb)
1240:8,506 kg (18,753 lb)
1182:8,506 kg (18,753 lb)
1027:19,000 kg (42,000 lb)
949:19,000 kg (42,000 lb)
561:19,400 kg (42,800 lb)
485:18,500 kg (40,800 lb)
409:18,000 kg (40,000 lb)
333:18,425 kg (40,620 lb)
5977:(Press release). Dulles, Va.:
4426:Tony Long (19 February 2008).
4256:"Salyut 6 (craft information)"
3440:"Large Uncontrolled Reentries"
2938:The Story Of Space Station Mir
2873:
1380:1,360 kg (3,000 lb)
171:Space stations are most often
116:. The first space station was
1:
4647:Amos, Jonathan (2012-06-18).
4139:Grujica S. Ivanovich (2008).
3492:Collins, Martin, ed. (2007).
3170:Grujica S. Ivanovich (2008).
2866:
2223:National Air and Space Museum
1263:
6516:Bharatiya Antariksha Station
6304:Exploration Gateway Platform
6092:Tiangong space station (TSS)
5584:Foust, Jeff (28 June 2023).
5466:"Lunar Orbital Station, LOS"
5026:Lutz, Eleanor (2021-09-22).
4960:"A timeline of ISS missions"
4823:Alan Boyle (17 April 2007).
4533:"Cabin Air Quality On Board
3811:"Resident Crews of Salyut 3"
3780:"Largest Objects to Reenter"
3064:Long, Tony (19 April 2011).
3001:. ThinkQuest. Archived from
2195:Japan's spaceflight agency,
2008:Bharatiya Antariksha Station
1396:
1370:
1335:
1332:
97:, but they have also served
7:
5772:NASA'S scientist-astronauts
5617:Foust, Jeff (9 July 2024).
4539:International Space Station
3554:"The Day the Sky(lab) Fell"
2815:International space station
2758:
2651:
2370:International Space Station
2045:International Space Station
1657:Planned Pressurized Volume
1475:International Space Station
138:International Space Station
114:presence of humans in space
24:International Space Station
10:
6696:
6319:Manned Orbiting Laboratory
4827:. NBC News. Archived from
3732:Lyons Press. p. 200.
3695:Zimmerman, Robert (2003).
3616:Tony Long (11 July 2008).
3214:Zimmerman, Robert (2003).
2253:Manned Orbiting Laboratory
1270:Manned Orbiting Laboratory
73:(or orbital station) is a
60:
38:while pulling away during
6651:
6590:
6539:
6508:
6488:
6457:
6441:
6434:
6369:
6314:Industrial Space Facility
6276:
6269:
6237:
6209:
6188:
6116:
6109:
6098:
6079:
6061:
5863:Encyclopedia Astronautica
5838:Encyclopedia Astronautica
5775:. Springer. p. 280.
3471:. Springer. p. 582.
3143:Gibbons, John H. (2008).
3038:Encyclopedia Astronautica
2951:10.1007/978-0-387-73977-9
2805:Commercial Space Stations
2800:List of crewed spacecraft
2703: Soviet Union/Russia
2584:
2550:
2516:
2486:
2464:
2441:
2434:
2411:
2376:
2367:
2364:
2344:
2312:
2284:
2250:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2160:
2124:
2089:
2055:
2006:
1956:
1919:
1825:
1789:
1747:
1664:
1659:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1574:
1473:
1466:
1461:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1387:
1379:
1373:
1356:
1349:
1308:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
796:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
412:
407:
402:
397:
392:
387:
382:
377:
372:
336:
331:
326:
321:
316:
311:
306:
273:
268:
263:
258:
253:
246:
241:
238:
235:
230:
225:
222:
158:and since June 2022 with
5500:China Central Television
5371:Press Information Bureau
5274:Press Information Bureau
5060:"NASA's Gateway Program"
4625:Kuo, Lily (2018-04-02).
3644:"Skylab's Untimely Fate"
3465:Harris, Phillip (2008).
2820:
5858:"Space Station Freedom"
5344:The Hindu Business Line
5279:Prime Minister's Office
5175:(in French). 2023-08-02
3599:"Skylab 30 Years Later"
3386:: 23249. Archived from
3373:"Mir Hardware Heritage"
3371:D.S.F. Portree (1995).
6066:List of space stations
5744:centennialofflight.net
3990:. Centennial of Flight
3835:. University of Oregon
2755:
2752:
2715: multiple nations
2690:
2225:
1883:Mitsubishi Corporation
1576:Tiangong space station
914:29 September 1977
217: = Never crewed
57:
43:
6680:Spaceflight timelines
6526:Lunar Orbital Station
5913:"Developing a Galaxy"
5673:. 14 September 2023.
4775:. Designation Systems
3726:Furniss, Tim (2003).
2750:
2745:
2688:
2619:Northrop Grumman CLD
2574:Some modules such as
2213:
2057:Lunar Orbital Station
1741:human mission to Mars
1728:≥125 m (4,400 cu ft)
384:failed to reach orbit
91:habitation facilities
49:
21:
6016:at Wikimedia Commons
4798:"The Dnpur launcher"
4614:. 29 September 2011.
4596:. universetoday.com.
3642:Oberg, Jame (1992).
3124:. aerospaceguide.net
3096:on 26 September 2011
2633:Developed under the
2218:, on display at the
1632:Planned and proposed
1410:Operational stations
209:space reconnaissance
87:artificial satellite
6277:Individual projects
5981:. 2 December 2021.
5923:on 18 December 2007
5781:2006nasa.book.....S
5468:. Russian Space Web
5281:. 17 October 2023.
4962:. Russian Space Web
4935:"Facts and Figures"
4913:"Facts and Figures"
4887:National Geographic
4831:on December 3, 2013
4506:"Space Station Mir"
4486:on 23 December 2008
4458:"Mir Space Station"
4151:2008saly.book.....I
3878:10.2514/6.2006-7489
3605:. 11 November 2003.
3530:on 11 November 2011
3393:on 7 September 2009
3182:2008saly.book.....I
3005:on 24 February 2014
2278:Boilerplate mission
1436:Days in orbit
1416:life support system
1304:Pressurized volume
1275:derelict spacecraft
6644:(2016 documentary)
6641:A Beautiful Planet
6636:(2009 documentary)
6628:(2008 documentary)
6620:(2002 documentary)
6612:(1997 documentary)
6557:McKendree cylinder
6370:Incorporated into
6294:Deep Space Habitat
5951:. 14 August 2007.
5856:Wade, Mark (ed.).
5831:Wade, Mark (ed.).
5812:on 31 January 2012
5438:The Times of India
5397:The Economic Times
5032:The New York Times
4893:on August 22, 2011
4750:on 8 February 2012
4721:on October 3, 2011
4512:on 3 February 2013
4323:on August 23, 2002
4262:on August 23, 2002
4016:on August 27, 2002
3786:on 1 February 2012
3754:"Salyut-3 (OPS-2)"
3340:on August 20, 2016
3284:on August 20, 2016
3120:Vic Stathopoulos.
3031:Wade, Mark (ed.).
2787:Spaceflight portal
2756:
2753:
2691:
2226:
2206:Cancelled projects
1993:second half 2020s
1446:and visitors
1219:15 September 2016
1161:29 September 2011
105:, such as hosting
58:
44:
6662:
6661:
6625:Orphans of Apollo
6504:
6503:
6430:
6429:
6265:
6264:
6012:Media related to
5917:Bigelow Aerospace
5804:astronautix.com.
5790:978-0-387-21897-7
5709:978-0-06-089781-9
5696:Smithsonian Books
5669:(Press release).
5506:on 6 October 2014
5490:(28 April 2012).
5277:(Press release).
5222:www.gravitics.com
4573:. Spaceflight Now
4160:978-0-387-73973-1
4069:(15): 229. 1977.
3887:978-1-62410-049-9
3739:978-1-58574-650-7
3712:978-0-309-08548-9
3509:978-0-06-089781-9
3478:978-0-387-77639-2
3231:978-0-309-08548-9
3191:978-0-387-73973-1
3156:978-1-4289-2401-7
3078:on 28 April 2023.
2960:978-0-387-73977-9
2943:Praxis Publishing
2649:
2648:
2612:COVID-19 pandemic
2600:Bigelow Aerospace
2450:Bigelow Aerospace
2336:Constructed, but
2203:
2202:
1906:While originally
1629:
1628:
1546:20 November 1998
1407:
1406:
1365:Bigelow Aerospace
1261:
1260:
95:research stations
6687:
6617:Space Station 3D
6572:Space settlement
6562:O'Neill cylinder
6439:
6438:
6274:
6273:
6217:Tiangong program
6114:
6113:
6104:
6044:
6037:
6030:
6021:
6020:
6011:
5995:
5994:
5992:
5990:
5979:Northrop Grumman
5971:
5965:
5964:
5962:
5960:
5939:
5933:
5932:
5930:
5928:
5919:. Archived from
5908:
5902:
5901:
5899:
5897:
5886:
5880:
5879:
5877:
5875:
5853:
5847:
5846:
5828:
5822:
5821:
5819:
5817:
5801:
5795:
5794:
5766:
5760:
5759:
5757:
5755:
5736:
5730:
5729:
5685:
5679:
5678:
5663:
5657:
5656:
5654:
5647:
5639:
5633:
5632:
5614:
5608:
5607:
5605:
5603:
5581:
5575:
5574:
5572:
5570:
5555:
5549:
5548:
5546:
5544:
5522:
5516:
5515:
5513:
5511:
5502:. Archived from
5484:
5478:
5477:
5475:
5473:
5461:
5455:
5454:
5452:
5450:
5428:
5422:
5421:
5415:
5407:
5401:
5400:
5389:
5383:
5382:
5380:
5378:
5363:
5357:
5356:
5354:
5352:
5335:
5329:
5328:
5321:
5315:
5314:
5312:
5310:
5293:
5287:
5286:
5265:
5256:
5255:
5253:
5251:
5246:
5238:
5232:
5231:
5229:
5228:
5214:
5208:
5207:
5205:
5204:
5190:
5184:
5183:
5181:
5180:
5165:
5159:
5158:
5156:
5154:
5139:
5133:
5132:
5130:
5129:
5115:
5109:
5108:
5103:
5101:
5084:
5078:
5077:
5075:
5073:
5056:
5050:
5049:
5047:
5046:
5023:
5017:
5016:
5014:
5012:
5000:
4994:
4993:
4991:
4989:
4978:
4972:
4971:
4969:
4967:
4956:
4947:
4946:
4944:
4942:
4931:
4925:
4924:
4922:
4920:
4909:
4903:
4902:
4900:
4898:
4889:. Archived from
4879:
4870:
4869:
4867:
4865:
4850:
4841:
4840:
4838:
4836:
4820:
4814:
4813:
4811:
4809:
4794:
4785:
4784:
4782:
4780:
4769:
4760:
4759:
4757:
4755:
4740:
4731:
4730:
4728:
4726:
4711:
4702:
4701:
4699:
4697:
4682:
4676:
4674:Shenzhou 10#Crew
4671:
4665:
4664:
4662:
4660:
4644:
4635:
4634:
4622:
4616:
4615:
4604:
4598:
4597:
4589:
4583:
4582:
4580:
4578:
4566:
4560:
4559:
4557:
4555:
4545:
4528:
4522:
4521:
4519:
4517:
4502:
4496:
4495:
4493:
4491:
4476:
4470:
4469:
4467:
4465:
4454:
4443:
4442:
4440:
4438:
4423:
4412:
4411:
4409:
4407:
4401:Orlando Sentinel
4392:
4386:
4385:
4383:
4381:
4370:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4359:
4344:
4333:
4332:
4330:
4328:
4313:
4298:
4297:
4295:
4293:
4278:
4272:
4271:
4269:
4267:
4252:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4241:
4226:
4213:
4212:
4210:
4208:
4199:Robert Christy.
4196:
4190:
4189:
4187:
4185:
4174:
4165:
4164:
4136:
4125:
4124:
4122:
4120:
4105:
4092:
4086:
4058:
4052:
4051:
4049:
4047:
4032:
4026:
4025:
4023:
4021:
4006:
4000:
3999:
3997:
3995:
3984:
3978:
3977:
3975:
3973:
3962:
3949:
3948:
3946:
3944:
3929:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3913:
3898:
3892:
3891:
3861:
3846:
3844:
3842:
3840:
3829:
3823:
3822:
3820:
3818:
3807:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3791:
3776:
3770:
3769:
3767:
3765:
3750:
3744:
3743:
3723:
3717:
3716:
3692:
3686:
3685:
3683:
3681:
3670:
3664:
3663:
3661:
3659:
3654:on 26 April 2012
3650:. Archived from
3639:
3633:
3632:
3630:
3628:
3613:
3607:
3606:
3595:
3589:
3588:
3586:
3585:
3579:"Skylab's Goals"
3575:
3569:
3568:
3566:
3564:
3549:
3540:
3539:
3537:
3535:
3520:
3514:
3513:
3489:
3483:
3482:
3462:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3451:
3436:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3425:
3414:
3408:
3402:
3400:
3398:
3392:
3377:
3368:
3349:
3348:
3346:
3345:
3336:. Archived from
3330:
3315:
3314:
3312:
3310:
3299:
3293:
3292:
3290:
3289:
3280:. Archived from
3274:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3260:
3245:
3236:
3235:
3211:
3196:
3195:
3167:
3161:
3160:
3140:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3117:
3106:
3105:
3103:
3101:
3086:
3080:
3079:
3074:. Archived from
3061:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3050:
3028:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3010:
2999:"Space Stations"
2995:
2989:
2988:
2932:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2918:
2899:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2888:
2880:Clark, Stephen.
2877:
2860:
2857:
2851:
2848:
2839:
2836:
2789:
2784:
2783:
2782:
2775:
2770:
2769:
2768:
2749:
2732:
2714:
2708:
2702:
2696:
2687:
2623:Northrop Grumman
2598:
2597:
2562:
2561:
2530:
2529:
2500:
2499:
2489:Almaz commercial
2448:
2447:
2424:
2401:
2400:
2390:
2389:
2358:
2357:
2326:
2325:
2298:
2297:
2265:
2264:
2231:
2230:
2214:The interior of
2178:Mitsui & Co.
2172:
2171:
2137:
2136:
2101:
2100:
2068:
2067:
2018:
2017:
1979:
1978:
1968:
1967:
1929:
1928:
1881:
1880:
1870:
1869:
1859:
1858:
1848:
1847:
1837:
1836:
1802:
1801:
1781:(~23,548 cu ft)
1759:
1758:
1709:
1708:
1698:
1697:
1687:
1678:
1677:
1669:
1639:
1638:
1589:
1588:
1534:
1533:
1522:
1521:
1510:
1500:
1499:
1488:
1487:
1421:
1420:
1363:
1362:
1333:3 November 1966
1322:
1321:
1280:
1279:
1254:
1253:
1196:
1195:
1135:
1134:
1125:
1124:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1070:19 February 1986
1066:
1049:
1045:
1044:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
971:
967:
966:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
893:
889:
888:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
815:
811:
810:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
758:26 December 1974
754:
737:
733:
732:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
656:
655:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
583:
579:
578:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
507:
503:
502:
491:
486:
481:
476:
471:
466:
461:
456:
451:
431:
427:
426:
415:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
380:
375:
355:
351:
350:
339:
334:
329:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
294:
271:(* = at launch)
220:
219:
216:
31:
6695:
6694:
6690:
6689:
6688:
6686:
6685:
6684:
6665:
6664:
6663:
6658:
6647:
6586:
6535:
6531:Voyager Station
6500:
6484:
6453:
6426:
6365:
6299:Excalibur Almaz
6261:
6233:
6205:
6184:
6118:
6105:
6096:
6075:
6057:
6048:
6004:
5999:
5998:
5988:
5986:
5973:
5972:
5968:
5958:
5956:
5941:
5940:
5936:
5926:
5924:
5909:
5905:
5895:
5893:
5888:
5887:
5883:
5873:
5871:
5854:
5850:
5829:
5825:
5815:
5813:
5802:
5798:
5791:
5767:
5763:
5753:
5751:
5738:
5737:
5733:
5710:
5686:
5682:
5665:
5664:
5660:
5652:
5645:
5641:
5640:
5636:
5615:
5611:
5601:
5599:
5582:
5578:
5568:
5566:
5557:
5556:
5552:
5542:
5540:
5523:
5519:
5509:
5507:
5496:english.cntv.cn
5485:
5481:
5471:
5469:
5462:
5458:
5448:
5446:
5429:
5425:
5413:
5409:
5408:
5404:
5391:
5390:
5386:
5376:
5374:
5365:
5364:
5360:
5350:
5348:
5347:. June 13, 2019
5337:
5336:
5332:
5323:
5322:
5318:
5308:
5306:
5305:. June 16, 2019
5295:
5294:
5290:
5267:
5266:
5259:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5240:
5239:
5235:
5226:
5224:
5216:
5215:
5211:
5202:
5200:
5192:
5191:
5187:
5178:
5176:
5167:
5166:
5162:
5152:
5150:
5140:
5136:
5127:
5125:
5117:
5116:
5112:
5099:
5097:
5085:
5081:
5071:
5069:
5058:
5057:
5053:
5044:
5042:
5024:
5020:
5010:
5008:
5001:
4997:
4987:
4985:
4980:
4979:
4975:
4965:
4963:
4958:
4957:
4950:
4940:
4938:
4933:
4932:
4928:
4918:
4916:
4911:
4910:
4906:
4896:
4894:
4881:
4880:
4873:
4863:
4861:
4851:
4844:
4834:
4832:
4821:
4817:
4807:
4805:
4804:on 24 June 2015
4796:
4795:
4788:
4778:
4776:
4771:
4770:
4763:
4753:
4751:
4742:
4741:
4734:
4724:
4722:
4713:
4712:
4705:
4695:
4693:
4683:
4679:
4672:
4668:
4658:
4656:
4645:
4638:
4623:
4619:
4606:
4605:
4601:
4590:
4586:
4576:
4574:
4569:Stephen Clark.
4567:
4563:
4553:
4551:
4543:
4529:
4525:
4515:
4513:
4504:
4503:
4499:
4489:
4487:
4478:
4477:
4473:
4463:
4461:
4456:
4455:
4446:
4436:
4434:
4424:
4415:
4405:
4403:
4393:
4389:
4379:
4377:
4372:
4371:
4367:
4357:
4355:
4346:
4345:
4336:
4326:
4324:
4315:
4314:
4301:
4291:
4289:
4280:
4279:
4275:
4265:
4263:
4254:
4253:
4249:
4239:
4237:
4236:on 24 July 2008
4228:
4227:
4216:
4206:
4204:
4197:
4193:
4183:
4181:
4176:
4175:
4168:
4161:
4137:
4128:
4118:
4116:
4107:
4106:
4095:
4075:10.2307/3962473
4060:
4059:
4055:
4045:
4043:
4034:
4033:
4029:
4019:
4017:
4008:
4007:
4003:
3993:
3991:
3986:
3985:
3981:
3971:
3969:
3964:
3963:
3952:
3942:
3940:
3931:
3930:
3921:
3911:
3909:
3908:on June 2, 2002
3900:
3899:
3895:
3888:
3862:
3849:
3838:
3836:
3831:
3830:
3826:
3816:
3814:
3813:. spacefacts.de
3809:
3808:
3799:
3789:
3787:
3778:
3777:
3773:
3763:
3761:
3752:
3751:
3747:
3740:
3724:
3720:
3713:
3693:
3689:
3679:
3677:
3672:
3671:
3667:
3657:
3655:
3648:Air & Space
3640:
3636:
3626:
3624:
3614:
3610:
3597:
3596:
3592:
3583:
3581:
3577:
3576:
3572:
3562:
3560:
3550:
3543:
3533:
3531:
3522:
3521:
3517:
3510:
3490:
3486:
3479:
3463:
3459:
3449:
3447:
3446:on 24 July 2015
3438:
3437:
3433:
3423:
3421:
3416:
3415:
3411:
3396:
3394:
3390:
3375:
3369:
3352:
3343:
3341:
3332:
3331:
3318:
3308:
3306:
3301:
3300:
3296:
3287:
3285:
3276:
3275:
3268:
3258:
3256:
3255:on June 2, 2002
3247:
3246:
3239:
3232:
3212:
3199:
3192:
3168:
3164:
3157:
3141:
3137:
3127:
3125:
3118:
3109:
3099:
3097:
3090:"Space Station"
3088:
3087:
3083:
3062:
3058:
3048:
3046:
3029:
3018:
3008:
3006:
2997:
2996:
2992:
2961:
2945:. p. 351.
2933:
2926:
2916:
2914:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2886:
2884:
2878:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2863:
2858:
2854:
2849:
2842:
2837:
2828:
2823:
2785:
2780:
2778:
2771:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2744:
2730:
2728:
2726:Size comparison
2722:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2717:
2716:
2712:
2710:
2706:
2704:
2700:
2698:
2694:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2654:
2592:
2556:
2524:
2502:Excalibur Almaz
2494:
2442:
2395:
2394:
2384:
2352:
2320:
2292:
2259:
2208:
2187:
2166:
2148:
2131:
2112:
2095:
2078:
2062:
2059:
2031:
2012:
1998:(29,000 cu ft)
1990:
1973:
1972:
1962:
1948:(14,126 cu ft)
1940:
1923:
1908:Lockheed Martin
1900:(~15892 cu ft)
1892:
1875:
1874:
1864:
1863:
1853:
1852:
1842:
1841:
1831:
1813:
1796:
1793:
1773:
1763:
1753:
1737:Artemis program
1722:
1703:
1702:
1692:
1691:
1682:
1672:
1665:
1634:
1595:
1583:
1540:
1528:
1516:
1494:
1482:
1468:
1463:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1412:
1357:
1336:9 January 1967
1316:
1266:
1248:
1190:
1141:
1129:
1119:
1039:
1038:
997:7 February 1991
961:
960:
883:
882:
805:
804:
763:3 February 1977
727:
726:
685:24 January 1975
650:
573:
572:
497:
496:
421:
420:
345:
344:
303:11 October 1971
277:
275:
270:
266:robotic visits
265:
260:
255:
250:
248:
243:
232:
227:
215:
214:
194:
189:
188:
185:station keeping
103:commercial uses
66:
27:
12:
11:
5:
6693:
6683:
6682:
6677:
6675:Space stations
6660:
6659:
6652:
6649:
6648:
6646:
6645:
6637:
6633:Space Tourists
6629:
6621:
6613:
6609:Mission to Mir
6605:
6600:
6594:
6592:
6588:
6587:
6585:
6584:
6579:
6577:Stanford torus
6574:
6569:
6567:Rotating wheel
6564:
6559:
6554:
6549:
6543:
6541:
6537:
6536:
6534:
6533:
6528:
6523:
6518:
6512:
6510:
6506:
6505:
6502:
6501:
6499:
6498:
6492:
6490:
6486:
6485:
6483:
6482:
6477:
6472:
6467:
6461:
6459:
6455:
6454:
6452:
6451:
6445:
6443:
6436:
6435:In development
6432:
6431:
6428:
6427:
6425:
6424:
6423:
6422:
6410:
6409:
6408:
6392:
6391:
6390:
6380:Space Station
6376:
6374:
6367:
6366:
6364:
6363:
6358:
6353:
6348:
6336:
6331:
6326:
6321:
6316:
6311:
6306:
6301:
6296:
6291:
6286:
6284:Aurora Station
6280:
6278:
6271:
6267:
6266:
6263:
6262:
6260:
6259:
6258:
6257:
6252:
6241:
6239:
6235:
6234:
6232:
6231:
6230:
6229:
6224:
6213:
6211:
6207:
6206:
6204:
6203:
6198:
6192:
6190:
6186:
6185:
6183:
6182:
6175:
6174:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6153:
6148:
6143:
6138:
6133:
6122:
6120:
6111:
6107:
6106:
6099:
6097:
6095:
6094:
6089:
6083:
6081:
6077:
6076:
6074:
6073:
6068:
6062:
6059:
6058:
6051:Space stations
6047:
6046:
6039:
6032:
6024:
6018:
6017:
6014:Space stations
6003:
6002:External links
6000:
5997:
5996:
5966:
5934:
5903:
5892:. spaceref.com
5881:
5848:
5823:
5796:
5789:
5761:
5731:
5708:
5702:. p. 93.
5680:
5658:
5634:
5609:
5576:
5550:
5517:
5479:
5456:
5423:
5402:
5384:
5373:. 13 June 2019
5358:
5330:
5316:
5288:
5257:
5233:
5209:
5185:
5160:
5134:
5110:
5079:
5068:. 12 June 2023
5051:
5018:
4995:
4973:
4948:
4926:
4904:
4871:
4842:
4815:
4786:
4761:
4732:
4703:
4677:
4666:
4636:
4617:
4599:
4584:
4561:
4541:—A Comparison"
4523:
4497:
4471:
4444:
4413:
4387:
4365:
4334:
4299:
4288:on 1 June 2009
4273:
4247:
4214:
4191:
4166:
4159:
4126:
4115:on 26 May 2012
4093:
4053:
4042:on 4 June 2009
4027:
4001:
3979:
3950:
3939:on 26 May 2012
3919:
3893:
3886:
3847:
3824:
3797:
3771:
3760:on 1 June 2009
3745:
3738:
3718:
3711:
3687:
3665:
3634:
3608:
3590:
3570:
3541:
3515:
3508:
3484:
3477:
3457:
3431:
3409:
3350:
3316:
3294:
3266:
3237:
3230:
3197:
3190:
3162:
3155:
3135:
3107:
3081:
3056:
3016:
2990:
2959:
2924:
2894:
2871:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2852:
2840:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2818:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2791:
2790:
2776:
2760:
2757:
2727:
2724:
2711:
2705:
2699:
2693:
2683:
2659:
2658:
2657:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2646:
2631:
2628:
2625:
2620:
2616:
2615:
2608:
2605:
2602:
2590:
2582:
2581:
2572:
2569:
2566:
2554:
2548:
2547:
2542:The goals for
2540:
2537:
2534:
2522:
2514:
2513:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2492:
2484:
2483:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2462:
2461:
2458:
2455:
2452:
2440:
2432:
2431:
2428:
2418:
2409:
2408:
2405:
2382:
2374:
2373:
2366:
2363:
2360:
2350:
2342:
2341:
2334:
2331:
2328:
2318:
2310:
2309:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2290:
2282:
2281:
2275:
2272:
2269:
2257:
2248:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2129:
2122:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2093:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2060:
2053:
2052:
2039:ISRO chairman
2037:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2022:
2010:
2004:
2003:
2000:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1950:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1921:
1917:
1916:
1902:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1829:
1823:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1794:
1787:
1786:
1783:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1764:
1751:
1745:
1744:
1739:and follow-on
1729:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1713:
1670:
1662:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1601:29 April 2021
1599:
1596:
1594:
1593:
1580:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1538:
1526:
1514:
1504:
1492:
1479:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1385:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1355:
1347:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1326:
1314:
1306:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1298:Days in orbit
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1245:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1209:
1201:
1200:
1187:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1151:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1139:
1127:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1059:
1051:
1050:
1035:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
981:
973:
972:
957:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
903:
895:
894:
879:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
825:
817:
816:
801:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
747:
739:
738:
723:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
669:
661:
660:
647:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
593:
585:
584:
569:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
520:
517:
509:
508:
493:
492:
487:
482:
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
452:
447:
444:
441:
433:
432:
417:
416:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
376:
371:
368:
365:
357:
356:
341:
340:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
295:
290:
287:
279:
278:
272:
267:
262:
261:crewed visits
257:
252:
245:
240:
237:
234:
229:
224:
193:
190:
107:space tourists
77:which remains
67:
59:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6692:
6681:
6678:
6676:
6673:
6672:
6670:
6656:
6650:
6643:
6642:
6638:
6635:
6634:
6630:
6627:
6626:
6622:
6619:
6618:
6614:
6611:
6610:
6606:
6604:
6601:
6599:
6596:
6595:
6593:
6589:
6583:
6580:
6578:
6575:
6573:
6570:
6568:
6565:
6563:
6560:
6558:
6555:
6553:
6550:
6548:
6547:Bernal sphere
6545:
6544:
6542:
6538:
6532:
6529:
6527:
6524:
6522:
6519:
6517:
6514:
6513:
6511:
6507:
6497:
6496:Lunar Gateway
6494:
6493:
6491:
6489:International
6487:
6481:
6478:
6476:
6473:
6471:
6468:
6466:
6465:Axiom Station
6463:
6462:
6460:
6456:
6450:
6447:
6446:
6444:
6440:
6437:
6433:
6421:
6418:
6417:
6416:
6415:
6411:
6407:
6405:
6401:
6400:
6399:
6397:
6393:
6389:
6386:
6385:
6384:
6383:
6378:
6377:
6375:
6373:
6368:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6354:
6352:
6349:
6346:
6342:
6341:
6337:
6335:
6332:
6330:
6327:
6325:
6322:
6320:
6317:
6315:
6312:
6310:
6307:
6305:
6302:
6300:
6297:
6295:
6292:
6290:
6287:
6285:
6282:
6281:
6279:
6275:
6272:
6268:
6256:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6247:
6246:
6243:
6242:
6240:
6236:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6219:
6218:
6215:
6214:
6212:
6208:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6193:
6191:
6189:United States
6187:
6181:
6180:
6176:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6128:
6127:
6124:
6123:
6121:
6115:
6112:
6108:
6103:
6093:
6090:
6088:
6085:
6084:
6082:
6078:
6072:
6069:
6067:
6064:
6063:
6060:
6056:
6052:
6045:
6040:
6038:
6033:
6031:
6026:
6025:
6022:
6015:
6010:
6006:
6005:
5984:
5980:
5976:
5970:
5954:
5950:
5949:
5944:
5938:
5922:
5918:
5914:
5907:
5891:
5885:
5869:
5865:
5864:
5859:
5852:
5844:
5840:
5839:
5834:
5827:
5811:
5807:
5800:
5792:
5786:
5782:
5778:
5774:
5773:
5765:
5749:
5745:
5741:
5735:
5727:
5723:
5719:
5715:
5711:
5705:
5701:
5700:HarperCollins
5697:
5693:
5692:
5684:
5676:
5672:
5668:
5662:
5651:
5644:
5638:
5630:
5626:
5625:
5620:
5613:
5597:
5593:
5592:
5587:
5580:
5564:
5560:
5554:
5538:
5534:
5533:
5528:
5521:
5505:
5501:
5497:
5493:
5489:
5483:
5467:
5464:Ahatoly Zak.
5460:
5444:
5440:
5439:
5434:
5427:
5419:
5412:
5406:
5398:
5394:
5388:
5372:
5368:
5362:
5346:
5345:
5340:
5334:
5326:
5320:
5304:
5303:
5298:
5292:
5284:
5280:
5276:
5275:
5270:
5264:
5262:
5243:
5237:
5223:
5219:
5213:
5199:
5195:
5189:
5174:
5170:
5164:
5149:
5148:Via Satellite
5145:
5138:
5124:
5120:
5114:
5107:
5096:
5095:
5090:
5083:
5067:
5066:
5061:
5055:
5041:
5037:
5033:
5029:
5022:
5006:
4999:
4983:
4977:
4961:
4955:
4953:
4936:
4930:
4914:
4908:
4892:
4888:
4884:
4878:
4876:
4860:
4856:
4849:
4847:
4830:
4826:
4819:
4803:
4799:
4793:
4791:
4774:
4768:
4766:
4749:
4745:
4739:
4737:
4720:
4716:
4710:
4708:
4692:
4688:
4681:
4675:
4670:
4654:
4650:
4643:
4641:
4632:
4628:
4621:
4613:
4609:
4603:
4595:
4588:
4572:
4565:
4549:
4542:
4540:
4536:
4527:
4511:
4507:
4501:
4485:
4481:
4475:
4459:
4453:
4451:
4449:
4433:
4429:
4422:
4420:
4418:
4402:
4398:
4391:
4375:
4369:
4354:on 5 May 2012
4353:
4349:
4343:
4341:
4339:
4322:
4318:
4312:
4310:
4308:
4306:
4304:
4287:
4283:
4277:
4261:
4257:
4251:
4235:
4231:
4225:
4223:
4221:
4219:
4202:
4195:
4179:
4173:
4171:
4162:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4144:
4143:
4135:
4133:
4131:
4114:
4110:
4104:
4102:
4100:
4098:
4090:
4084:
4080:
4076:
4072:
4068:
4064:
4057:
4041:
4037:
4031:
4015:
4011:
4005:
3989:
3983:
3967:
3961:
3959:
3957:
3955:
3938:
3934:
3928:
3926:
3924:
3907:
3903:
3897:
3889:
3883:
3879:
3875:
3871:
3867:
3860:
3858:
3856:
3854:
3852:
3834:
3828:
3812:
3806:
3804:
3802:
3785:
3781:
3775:
3759:
3755:
3749:
3741:
3735:
3731:
3730:
3722:
3714:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3699:
3698:Leaving Earth
3691:
3675:
3669:
3653:
3649:
3645:
3638:
3623:
3619:
3612:
3604:
3600:
3594:
3580:
3574:
3559:
3555:
3548:
3546:
3529:
3525:
3519:
3511:
3505:
3501:
3497:
3496:
3488:
3480:
3474:
3470:
3469:
3461:
3445:
3441:
3435:
3419:
3413:
3406:
3389:
3385:
3381:
3374:
3367:
3365:
3363:
3361:
3359:
3357:
3355:
3339:
3335:
3329:
3327:
3325:
3323:
3321:
3304:
3298:
3283:
3279:
3273:
3271:
3254:
3250:
3244:
3242:
3233:
3227:
3223:
3219:
3218:
3217:Leaving Earth
3210:
3208:
3206:
3204:
3202:
3193:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3174:
3166:
3158:
3152:
3148:
3147:
3139:
3123:
3116:
3114:
3112:
3095:
3091:
3085:
3077:
3073:
3072:
3067:
3060:
3044:
3040:
3039:
3034:
3027:
3025:
3023:
3021:
3004:
3000:
2994:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2939:
2931:
2929:
2912:
2908:
2904:
2898:
2883:
2876:
2872:
2856:
2847:
2845:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2826:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2777:
2774:
2763:
2723:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2618:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2583:
2579:
2578:
2573:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2541:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2511:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2468:
2463:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2446:
2439:
2438:
2433:
2429:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2410:
2406:
2404:
2399:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2375:
2371:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2349:
2348:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2332:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2311:
2307:
2304:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2289:
2288:
2283:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2249:
2243:Cancellation
2232:
2229:
2224:
2221:
2220:Smithsonian's
2217:
2212:
2198:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2092:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1999:
1995:
1992:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1977:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1949:
1945:
1942:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1903:
1901:
1897:
1894:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1879:
1873:
1868:
1862:
1857:
1851:
1850:Voyager Space
1846:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1782:
1778:
1775:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1750:
1749:Axiom Station
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1707:
1701:
1696:
1690:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1668:
1667:Lunar Gateway
1663:
1656:
1640:
1637:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1472:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1402:
1399:
1397:28 June 2007
1394:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1382:
1376:
1371:12 July 2006
1368:
1366:
1361:
1354:
1353:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1313:
1312:
1307:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1271:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1246:
1222:19 July 2019
1213:
1210:
1208:
1207:
1202:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1188:
1164:2 April 2018
1155:
1152:
1150:
1149:
1144:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1117:
1115:
1114:
1075:23 March 2001
1060:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1048:
1043:
1037:
1036:
992:19 April 1982
982:
980:
979:
974:
970:
965:
959:
958:
904:
902:
901:
896:
892:
887:
881:
880:
841:8 August 1977
826:
824:
823:
818:
814:
809:
803:
802:
748:
746:
745:
740:
736:
731:
725:
724:
670:
668:
667:
662:
659:
654:
649:
648:
594:
592:
591:
586:
582:
577:
571:
570:
518:
516:
515:
510:
506:
501:
495:
494:
455:16 April 1973
442:
440:
439:
434:
430:
425:
419:
418:
366:
364:
363:
358:
354:
349:
343:
342:
298:19 April 1971
288:
286:
285:
280:
256:and visitors
221:
218:
212:
210:
206:
202:
197:
192:Past stations
186:
182:
178:
177:docking ports
174:
170:
168:
167:Space Shuttle
165:
161:
157:
153:
152:Space Station
151:
146:
141:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
110:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
71:space station
64:
63:Space station
56:
52:
48:
41:
37:
36:
30:
29:Space Shuttle
25:
20:
16:
6639:
6631:
6623:
6615:
6607:
6582:Wet workshop
6475:Orbital Reef
6412:
6406:(ISS module)
6403:
6395:
6381:
6338:
6177:
6119:Soviet Union
6065:
5987:. Retrieved
5969:
5957:. Retrieved
5946:
5937:
5925:. Retrieved
5921:the original
5911:Cohen, Dan.
5906:
5894:. Retrieved
5884:
5872:. Retrieved
5861:
5851:
5836:
5826:
5814:. Retrieved
5810:the original
5799:
5771:
5764:
5752:. Retrieved
5743:
5734:
5694:. New York:
5690:
5683:
5661:
5637:
5622:
5612:
5600:. Retrieved
5589:
5579:
5567:. Retrieved
5553:
5541:. Retrieved
5530:
5520:
5508:. Retrieved
5504:the original
5495:
5482:
5470:. Retrieved
5459:
5447:. Retrieved
5436:
5426:
5417:
5405:
5396:
5387:
5375:. Retrieved
5361:
5349:. Retrieved
5342:
5333:
5319:
5307:. Retrieved
5300:
5291:
5272:
5248:. Retrieved
5236:
5225:. Retrieved
5221:
5212:
5201:. Retrieved
5197:
5188:
5177:. Retrieved
5172:
5163:
5151:. Retrieved
5147:
5137:
5126:. Retrieved
5122:
5113:
5105:
5098:. Retrieved
5092:
5082:
5070:. Retrieved
5063:
5054:
5043:. Retrieved
5031:
5021:
5009:. Retrieved
4998:
4986:. Retrieved
4976:
4966:27 September
4964:. Retrieved
4939:. Retrieved
4929:
4917:. Retrieved
4907:
4895:. Retrieved
4891:the original
4886:
4862:. Retrieved
4858:
4833:. Retrieved
4829:the original
4818:
4806:. Retrieved
4802:the original
4777:. Retrieved
4752:. Retrieved
4748:the original
4723:. Retrieved
4719:the original
4694:. Retrieved
4690:
4680:
4669:
4657:. Retrieved
4652:
4631:The Guardian
4630:
4620:
4611:
4602:
4587:
4575:. Retrieved
4564:
4552:. Retrieved
4547:
4538:
4534:
4526:
4514:. Retrieved
4510:the original
4500:
4488:. Retrieved
4484:the original
4474:
4462:. Retrieved
4435:. Retrieved
4431:
4404:. Retrieved
4400:
4390:
4378:. Retrieved
4368:
4356:. Retrieved
4352:the original
4325:. Retrieved
4321:the original
4290:. Retrieved
4286:the original
4276:
4264:. Retrieved
4260:the original
4250:
4238:. Retrieved
4234:the original
4205:. Retrieved
4194:
4182:. Retrieved
4141:
4117:. Retrieved
4113:the original
4066:
4063:Science News
4062:
4056:
4044:. Retrieved
4040:the original
4030:
4018:. Retrieved
4014:the original
4004:
3992:. Retrieved
3982:
3970:. Retrieved
3968:. Zarya.info
3941:. Retrieved
3937:the original
3910:. Retrieved
3906:the original
3896:
3869:
3837:. Retrieved
3827:
3815:. Retrieved
3788:. Retrieved
3784:the original
3774:
3762:. Retrieved
3758:the original
3748:
3728:
3721:
3697:
3690:
3678:. Retrieved
3668:
3656:. Retrieved
3652:the original
3647:
3637:
3625:. Retrieved
3621:
3611:
3602:
3593:
3582:. Retrieved
3573:
3561:. Retrieved
3557:
3532:. Retrieved
3528:the original
3518:
3494:
3487:
3467:
3460:
3448:. Retrieved
3444:the original
3434:
3422:. Retrieved
3412:
3395:. Retrieved
3388:the original
3383:
3379:
3342:. Retrieved
3338:the original
3307:. Retrieved
3297:
3286:. Retrieved
3282:the original
3257:. Retrieved
3253:the original
3216:
3172:
3165:
3145:
3138:
3126:. Retrieved
3098:. Retrieved
3094:the original
3084:
3076:the original
3069:
3059:
3047:. Retrieved
3036:
3007:. Retrieved
3003:the original
2993:
2937:
2915:. Retrieved
2897:
2885:. Retrieved
2875:
2855:
2773:Space portal
2721:
2585:
2575:
2517:
2488:
2465:
2436:
2413:
2377:
2345:
2313:
2285:
2251:
2227:
2139:Sierra Space
1997:
1981:Sierra Space
1958:Orbital Reef
1947:
1905:
1899:
1780:
1654:Launch date
1635:
1413:
1388:
1350:
1309:
1267:
1204:
1146:
1054:
976:
919:29 July 1982
898:
836:22 June 1976
820:
742:
680:25 June 1974
664:
609:11 July 1979
588:
512:
450:3 April 1973
436:
379:29 July 1972
374:29 July 1972
360:
282:
213:
198:
195:
175:, featuring
156:Expedition 1
149:
142:
111:
83:hosts humans
68:
34:
15:
6552:Bishop Ring
6055:settlements
5927:23 November
5472:11 February
5250:November 6,
5218:"Gravitics"
5153:13 December
5100:13 December
5072:13 December
5011:30 November
4779:20 November
4612:Arabia 2000
3603:Space Daily
3397:30 November
3309:30 November
3259:30 November
3100:14 February
3009:14 February
2697: China
2128:Pathfinder
2081:after 2030
1970:Blue Origin
1761:Axiom Space
1462:Pressurized
1374:(In Orbit)
604:14 May 1973
531:22 May 1973
526:11 May 1973
274:Pressurized
160:Shenzhou 14
6669:Categories
6361:Tiangong-3
6324:Nautilus-X
6227:Tiangong-2
6222:Tiangong-1
6146:Cosmos 557
5806:"Skylab B"
5754:22 January
5718:2006051244
5532:TechCrunch
5227:2024-03-28
5203:2024-07-03
5179:2024-07-03
5173:Boursorama
5128:2023-05-30
5045:2021-10-10
4897:15 January
4754:22 January
4715:"Tiangong"
4696:22 January
4577:3 February
4374:"Salyut 7"
4317:"Salyut 7"
4282:"Salyut 6"
4230:"Salyut 6"
4178:"Salyut 6"
4109:"Salyut 5"
4087:(requires
4010:"Soyuz 21"
3933:"Salyut-4"
3902:"Salyut 4"
3870:Space 2006
3839:31 January
3790:1 February
3680:31 January
3584:2021-07-17
3450:3 February
3424:3 February
3344:2021-07-17
3303:"Saylut 2"
3288:2021-07-17
3033:"Salyut 1"
2969:2004058915
2867:References
2544:Tiangong-2
2519:Tiangong-3
1776:Late 2026
1651:Crew size
1444:Total crew
1430:Crew size
1390:Genesis II
1295:Reentered
1264:Prototypes
1206:Tiangong-2
1148:Tiangong-1
514:Kosmos 557
254:Total crew
239:Reentered
132:successor
89:featuring
75:spacecraft
6356:Sundancer
6345:FlexCraft
6340:Skylab II
5959:4 January
5948:Space.com
5816:1 January
5624:SpaceNews
5591:SpaceNews
5094:SpaceNews
5040:0362-4331
4941:15 August
4859:Space.com
4725:3 January
4437:1 January
3994:9 January
3627:1 January
3563:1 January
3534:1 January
3128:5 January
3049:1 January
2709: USA
2639:Nanoracks
2564:Roscosmos
2467:Sundancer
2403:Roscosmos
2070:Roscosmos
2051:program.
2049:Gaganyaan
1931:Gravitics
1872:MDA Space
1839:NanoRacks
1804:Roscosmos
1779:~666.8 m
1502:Roscosmos
1467:Habitable
1441:occupied
1433:Launched
1352:Genesis I
1292:Launched
264:Number of
259:Number of
244:in orbit
236:Launched
181:thrusters
164:the 127th
35:Discovery
6540:Concepts
6509:Proposed
6404:Columbus
6396:Columbus
6351:Skylab B
6270:Canceled
6196:OPS 0855
6171:Salyut 7
6166:Salyut 6
6161:Salyut 5
6156:Salyut 4
6151:Salyut 3
6141:Salyut 2
6131:Salyut 1
6117:Russia /
5983:Archived
5953:Archived
5868:Archived
5843:Archived
5748:Archived
5726:7283794M
5675:Archived
5650:Archived
5629:Archived
5596:Archived
5563:Archived
5537:Archived
5443:Archived
5351:June 18,
5309:June 18,
5302:Engadget
5283:Archived
4691:BBC News
4653:BBC News
4537:and the
3833:"Skylab"
3524:"Skylab"
3278:"Salyut"
3249:"Salyut"
3043:Archived
2985:7444467M
2977:56531303
2911:Archived
2909:. 1999.
2795:Spacelab
2759:See also
2652:Timeline
2454:Robotic
2414:Columbus
2287:Skylab B
2246:Remarks
2216:Skylab B
2143:Private
2107:Private
2041:K. Sivan
1985:Private
1935:Private
1920:StarMax
1887:Private
1660:Remarks
1648:Program
1311:OPS 0855
1289:Program
1212:Tiangong
1154:Tiangong
978:Salyut 7
900:Salyut 6
822:Salyut 5
744:Salyut 4
666:Salyut 3
438:Salyut 2
284:Salyut 1
150:Tiangong
122:Soyuz 11
118:Salyut 1
99:military
79:in orbit
55:Skylab 2
6591:Related
6480:Starlab
6470:Haven-1
6458:Private
6382:Freedom
6245:Genesis
6238:Private
6080:Current
5896:24 June
5874:24 June
5833:"Almaz"
5777:Bibcode
5602:12 July
5510:2 April
5449:13 June
5377:18 June
4659:18 June
4516:27 June
4406:25 June
4203:. Zarya
4147:Bibcode
4091:access)
4083:3962472
3334:"Almaz"
3178:Bibcode
2643:Starlab
2347:Freedom
2237:Entity
2091:Haven-1
1898:~450 m
1827:Starlab
1716:Artemis
1645:Entity
1469:volume
1464:volume
1456:visits
1454:Robotic
1451:visits
1427:Entity
1286:Entity
595:Skylab
276:volume
228:Entity
226:Program
173:modular
40:STS-119
6442:Russia
6309:Galaxy
6201:Skylab
6126:Salyut
5989:3 July
5787:
5724:
5716:
5706:
5671:Mitsui
5569:10 May
5543:10 May
5488:Xinhua
5418:UNOOSA
5038:
4988:8 July
4358:26 May
4157:
4081:
3884:
3736:
3709:
3506:
3475:
3305:. NASA
3228:
3188:
3153:
2983:
2975:
2967:
2957:
2887:1 June
2713:
2707:
2701:
2695:
2437:Galaxy
2362:14–16
2034:~2035
1996:830 m
1946:400 m
1912:Airbus
1861:Airbus
1449:Crewed
827:Almaz
671:Almaz
590:Skylab
443:Almaz
201:Salyut
130:Salyut
126:Skylab
51:Skylab
6655:Almaz
6414:Mir-2
6329:OPSEK
6210:China
6136:DOS-2
5653:(PDF)
5646:(PDF)
5414:(PDF)
5245:(PDF)
5007:. PBS
4919:5 May
4864:5 May
4835:5 May
4808:5 May
4655:. BBC
4554:5 May
4544:(PDF)
4490:5 May
4480:"Mir"
4464:5 May
4432:Wired
4380:5 May
4327:5 May
4292:5 May
4266:5 May
4240:5 May
4207:5 May
4184:5 May
4119:5 May
4089:JSTOR
4079:JSTOR
4046:5 May
4020:5 May
3972:5 May
3943:5 May
3912:5 May
3817:5 May
3764:5 May
3676:. BBC
3658:5 May
3622:Wired
3558:Wired
3391:(PDF)
3376:(PDF)
3071:WIRED
2917:8 May
2821:Notes
2630:2023
2607:2020
2577:Nauka
2571:2017
2552:OPSEK
2539:2017
2509:2016
2475:2011
2457:2007
2379:Mir-2
2365:1993
2359:NASA
2338:Almaz
2333:1979
2327:USSR
2315:OPS-4
2305:1976
2299:NASA
2274:1969
2240:Crew
2234:Name
2151:2026
2115:2025
1943:2026
1895:2028
1816:2027
1725:2027
1642:Name
1607:1109
1604:1239
1552:8724
1549:9435
1459:Mass
1424:Name
1400:6293
1377:6644
1301:Mass
1283:Name
1225:1037
1167:2377
362:DOS-2
269:Mass
251:pied
249:occu-
233:size
231:Crew
223:Name
205:Almaz
145:China
32:
6398:MTFF
6388:USOS
6110:Past
6053:and
5991:2024
5961:2012
5929:2007
5898:2012
5876:2012
5818:2012
5785:ISBN
5756:2012
5714:LCCN
5704:ISBN
5604:2023
5571:2023
5545:2023
5512:2018
5474:2012
5451:2019
5379:2019
5353:2019
5311:2019
5252:2022
5155:2023
5123:TASS
5102:2023
5074:2023
5065:NASA
5036:ISSN
5013:2022
4990:2023
4968:2016
4943:2020
4921:2012
4899:2012
4866:2012
4837:2012
4810:2012
4781:2013
4756:2012
4727:2012
4698:2012
4661:2012
4579:2012
4556:2012
4518:2012
4492:2012
4466:2012
4439:2012
4408:2012
4382:2012
4360:2012
4329:2012
4294:2012
4268:2012
4242:2012
4209:2012
4186:2012
4155:ISBN
4121:2012
4048:2012
4022:2012
3996:2012
3974:2012
3945:2012
3914:2012
3882:ISBN
3841:2012
3819:2012
3792:2012
3766:2012
3734:ISBN
3707:ISBN
3682:2012
3660:2012
3629:2012
3565:2012
3536:2012
3504:ISBN
3473:ISBN
3452:2012
3426:2012
3399:2010
3311:2010
3261:2010
3226:ISBN
3186:ISBN
3151:ISBN
3130:2012
3102:2012
3051:2012
3011:2012
2973:OCLC
2965:LCCN
2955:ISBN
2919:2012
2889:2023
2627:4-8
2587:B330
2532:CNSA
2480:B330
2416:MTFF
2392:USSR
2267:USAF
2197:JAXA
2190:TBD
2182:TBA
2174:JAXA
2126:LIFE
2103:Vast
2020:ISRO
1733:NASA
1711:JAXA
1680:NASA
1598:3–6
1591:CMSA
1561:94
1558:88
1555:230
1536:JAXA
1490:NASA
1439:Days
1324:USAF
1256:CMSA
1198:CMSA
1126:USSR
1085:4594
1080:5511
1061:DOS
1002:3216
983:DOS
924:1764
905:DOS
749:DOS
658:NASA
614:2249
581:USSR
519:DOS
429:RVSN
367:DOS
289:DOS
247:Days
242:Days
183:for
81:and
22:The
6420:ROS
6372:ISS
6179:Mir
4535:Mir
4071:doi
4067:112
3874:doi
3500:161
2947:doi
2907:PBS
2641:on
2568:2+
2506:4+
2426:ESA
2255:1–7
2186:TBD
2147:TBD
2077:TBD
1939:TBD
1812:TBD
1772:TBD
1735:'s
1700:CSA
1689:ESA
1610:19
1524:CSA
1512:ESA
1339:67
1329:MOL
1228:29
1170:22
1137:RSA
1090:125
1056:Mir
1047:MOM
1007:861
969:MOM
929:683
891:MOM
846:412
813:MOM
768:770
735:MOM
690:213
619:171
505:MOM
353:MOM
308:175
147:'s
134:Mir
101:or
6671::
6255:II
5945:.
5915:.
5866:.
5860:.
5841:.
5835:.
5783:.
5746:.
5742:.
5722:OL
5720:.
5712:.
5627:.
5621:.
5594:.
5588:.
5535:.
5529:.
5498:.
5494:.
5441:.
5435:.
5416:.
5395:.
5369:.
5341:.
5299:.
5271:.
5260:^
5220:.
5196:.
5171:.
5146:.
5121:.
5104:.
5091:.
5062:.
5034:.
5030:.
4951:^
4885:.
4874:^
4857:.
4845:^
4789:^
4764:^
4735:^
4706:^
4689:.
4651:.
4639:^
4629:.
4610:.
4546:.
4447:^
4430:.
4416:^
4399:.
4337:^
4302:^
4217:^
4169:^
4153:.
4129:^
4096:^
4077:.
4065:.
3953:^
3922:^
3880:.
3868:.
3850:^
3800:^
3705:.
3703:51
3646:.
3620:.
3601:.
3556:.
3544:^
3502:.
3384:95
3382:.
3378:.
3353:^
3319:^
3269:^
3240:^
3224:.
3222:84
3200:^
3184:.
3110:^
3068:.
3041:.
3035:.
3019:^
2981:OL
2979:.
2971:.
2963:.
2953:.
2941:.
2927:^
2905:.
2843:^
2829:^
2645:.
2614:.
2604:3
2536:3
2482:.
2472:3
2430:3
2407:2
2372:.
2330:3
2302:3
2271:2
1989:10
1743:.
1616:8
1613:7
1543:7
1277:.
1237:1
1234:1
1231:2
1216:2
1179:1
1176:2
1173:6
1158:3
1100:68
1095:39
1022:15
1017:10
1012:22
944:14
939:16
934:33
851:67
773:92
695:15
536:11
522:—
460:13
446:—
370:—
313:24
211:.
109:.
69:A
6347:)
6343:(
6250:I
6043:e
6036:t
6029:v
5993:.
5963:.
5931:.
5900:.
5878:.
5820:.
5793:.
5779::
5758:.
5728:.
5698:/
5606:.
5573:.
5547:.
5514:.
5476:.
5453:.
5420:.
5399:.
5381:.
5355:.
5327:.
5313:.
5254:.
5230:.
5206:.
5182:.
5157:.
5131:.
5076:.
5048:.
5015:.
4992:.
4970:.
4945:.
4923:.
4901:.
4868:.
4839:.
4812:.
4783:.
4758:.
4729:.
4700:.
4663:.
4633:.
4581:.
4558:.
4520:.
4494:.
4468:.
4441:.
4410:.
4384:.
4362:.
4331:.
4296:.
4270:.
4244:.
4211:.
4188:.
4163:.
4149::
4123:.
4085:.
4073::
4050:.
4024:.
3998:.
3976:.
3947:.
3916:.
3890:.
3876::
3843:.
3821:.
3794:.
3768:.
3742:.
3715:.
3684:.
3662:.
3631:.
3587:.
3567:.
3538:.
3512:.
3481:.
3454:.
3428:.
3407:)
3403:(
3401:.
3347:.
3313:.
3291:.
3263:.
3234:.
3194:.
3180::
3159:.
3132:.
3104:.
3053:.
3013:.
2987:.
2949::
2921:.
2891:.
2176:|
2111:4
2030:3
1891:4
1721:4
1065:3
987:3
909:2
866:0
861:3
856:4
831:2
788:1
783:2
778:4
753:2
710:0
705:1
700:2
675:2
634:0
629:3
624:9
599:3
566:—
556:—
551:—
546:—
541:—
490:—
480:—
475:—
470:—
465:—
414:—
404:—
399:—
394:—
389:—
328:0
323:2
318:6
293:3
187:.
65:.
42:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
