Knowledge

Lingua Franca Nova

Source 📝

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In 2014 a new official website was launched on the "elefen.org" domain: it offers various teaching supports (such as word lists for travellers, complete grammar guides) available in several languages, and hosts a wiki and the searchable official dictionary. Some literary works entirely translated in
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The lexicon of Lingua Franca Nova can accept foreign words being internationally important (for example names of modern nations, main languages, seas and other international geographic entities, important entities from various world cultures). Generally, words are
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In 2008 Simon Davies started to make important updates to the LFN–English searchable "master" dictionary. The dictionary is being kept up-to-date in the official website, with over 20,000 entries, and was even published in printed form in 2018.
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Lingua Franca Nova does not derive the word form in a strictly logical way, but lexicon creators also consider sound beauty and other subjective factors. Generally, if a word is similar in most of source languages, this is adopted.
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in words taken from Italian). A lot of exceptions are possible, especially when the pronunciation is uncertain; in such a case, orthography is preferably followed (for example, word "English" is transcribed as
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Boeree started to design Lingua Franca Nova in 1965, with the goal of creating an international auxiliary language simple, coherent and easy to learn for international communication. He was inspired by the
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which, added to an adjective and some nouns, means "to become" or "to cause to become". It is also used with names for tools, machines, or supplies with the meaning "to use". For example:
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When source languages share a native word from Latin, but they change it in various ways, Lingua Franca Nova prefers the oldest variant, namely a variant similar to Latin. For example:
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All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
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we decided to use the alternative name "Elefen" for the language. Many followers found "Lingua Franca Nova" cumbersome, and "LFN" boring. So, "Elefen" was born
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The flag is made up of five color strips (blue, green, yellow, orange and red) starting from the bottom-left angle and extending to top and right borders.
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version. (They are not, however, simply synonyms for small and large size or itensity but productive affixes which form new vocabulary.) For example:
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In the past other flags existed: the first one, originally designed by Boeree and jokingly called "europijon" from the word pun between "pijon" (
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Tota umanas es naseda como persones libre e egal en dinia e diretos. Los ave razona e consiensa e debe trata lunlotra con la spirito de fratia.
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are invariant, and adverbs are not distinguished from adjectives. Adjectives follow nouns and adverbs follow verbs but precede adjectives. The
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Lingua Franca Nova are also publicly available on the official website for reading. The website now contains an example conversational dialog:
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The flag of Lingua Franca Nova, designed in 2004 by Stefan Fisahn and Beate Hornung, is the main symbol of Lingua Franca Nova and Elefenists.
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On May 15, 2020 on the Web and on May 10, 2021 in printed form the first original literary novel written in Lingua Franca Nova was published:
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was formed in 2002 by Bjorn Madsen, and reached about 300 members who contributed significantly to the further evolution of the language.
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Of course, each language has spelling and pronunciation variants. Generally, Lingua Franca Nova prefers pronunciation to spelling.
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For the first and second person pronouns, the reflexives are the same as the regular pronouns, and the possessive determiners are
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Here are the main literary works translated into Lingua Franca Nova, all publicly available for reading on the official website:
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as its official language, but uses the colors of a rainbow symbolizing peace. Its shape is meant to call the sunrise to mind.
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is the third-person reflexive, singular and plural. The third person possessive determiner, both singular and plural, is
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is used for things and abstract concepts. In the plural, both animate and inanimate referents use the pronoun
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rules of Lingua Franca Nova, its spelling is adapted (similarly to modern languages, especially Italian):
1368: 6397: 5195: 4360: 3785: 1839: 763: 508: 310: 131: 3028: 4497: 2925: 1833: 1791: 789: 683: 669: 550: 1512:) are available for words and names from other languages. Variations in pronunciation are acceptable. 6016: 5955: 4991: 741: 3892: 6215: 5751: 5745: 5635: 4390: 4135: 1921: 1378:
phonemic in LFN, most words are stressed on the vowel or diphthong before the last consonant (e.g.
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is used when the referent is an unspecified person, or concerns people in general, similar to the
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In 2012 a novel entirely translated into Lingua Franca Nova was first published in printed form:
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based on 22 letters from the Latin script (a Cyrillic script was co-official until 2021).
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A rich literature in Lingua Franca Nova with both original and translated texts exists.
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are invariant. The verb alone represents the present tense and the infinitive. Other
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follow the noun. A variety of pronouns are identical to or derived from determiners.
1905: 630: 619: 469: 394: 294: 263: 115: 4695: 3724: 3686:"A book has been translated into Lingua Franca Nova; can be purchased at amazon.com" 3565: 202: 6062: 5561: 5496: 4794: 4753: 4743: 4633: 4613: 4534: 4522: 4408: 4325: 4152: 3239: 3140: 2929: 2151: 1961: 1546: 1542: 1534: 604: 447: 354: 350: 342: 297: 283: 279: 271: 251: 119: 46: 3708: 6255: 6189: 6068: 5949: 5801: 5795: 5789: 5662: 5551: 5528: 5478: 5097: 4900: 4648: 4628: 4527: 4305: 4058: 3088: 3000: 1977: 1530: 1016: 804: 638: 625: 338: 326: 267: 103: 6314: 3856: 2861:
Two nouns are rarely joined (as they often are in English), but are linked with
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are invariant. A noun's role in a sentence is determined by word order and
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is used to refer to people of both sexes and animals; the gendered forms
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may vary in pronunciation with possible allophones being , or , and or
772: 502: 490: 6183: 5998: 4068: 3511: 2268:(to be) to form a progressive aspect and a passive voice, respectively. 1185:) are pronounced as they are in Spanish or Italian (approximately as in 6148: 6107: 5905: 5889: 5584: 5506: 5223: 4779: 4345: 4235: 3129: 3043: 2559: 2271: 2247: 544: 495: 330: 4673: 4638: 4380: 6349: 6272: 6205: 6195: 6166: 6101: 5846: 5840: 5783: 5704: 5668: 5602: 5596: 5460: 5440: 5373: 5314: 5304: 5213: 5184: 5174: 5168: 5162: 5138: 5132: 5126: 5091: 4728: 4715: 4598: 4564: 4413: 4210: 3053: 1274: 1227: 714: 523: 390: 179: 147: 6233: 4643: 4032: 3588: 2910:
The first original literary novel written in Lingua Franca Nova was
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in 2009, then was hosted directly on the official website in 2019.
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Lingua Franca Nova was first presented on the internet in 1998. A
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There are also three suffixes that turn nouns into adjectives:
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Disionario de Lingua Franca Nova: elefen-engles engles-elefen
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Fisahn, Stefan (2005). "Plansprache: Lingua Franca Nova".
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The lexicon of Lingua Franca Nova is primarily founded on
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characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
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International auxiliary languages introduced in the 1960s
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Article 1 from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
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https://www.elefen.org/leteratur/la_conversa_prima.html
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La Ricerca della Lingua Perfetta nella Cultura Europea
2077:(she) are rarely used. The singular inanimate pronoun 1477:
The phoneme /h/ is highly marginal and may be silent.
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Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There
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or by using one of several "question words", such as
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The grammar of Lingua Franca Nova is inspired by the
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Possessive pronouns are formed by using the article
1277:( and ) at the start of a word before a vowel (e.g. 5096:
Malay+Chinese+Javanese+Sundanese+Arabic+Dutch 
4009:Harrison, Richard K. (2008). "Lingua Franca Nova". 3603:(in Lingua Franca Nova). 2008-04-25. Archived from 3199:
ta ce tua vole aveni, sur la tera como en la sielo.
3656:"Alice in Hawaiian and six more languages besides" 2246:(begin to) are used to add precision. The active 6374: 6046: 5410:South Sudan local languages  3466:"Conlangs and International Auxiliary Languages" 1456:are accented on the first of these vowels (e.g. 3882:"Questions in Natural and Artificial Languages" 3879: 3629:Davies, Simon; Boeree, C. George (2018-07-04). 3660:Lewis Carroll Society of North America (LCSNA) 3222:thy will be done, on earth as it is in heaven. 2978:La aventuras de Alisia en la pais de mervelias 2707:means again or in the opposite direction, and 1670:But when the Latin form does not agree to the 406:La aventuras de Alisia en la pais de mervelias 6408:Constructed languages introduced in the 1960s 5948:Chinese+Javanese+Sundanese+Arabic+Dutch  5018: 4084: 3891:. No. 7. pp. 65–120. Archived from 3407: 453: 3628: 3064:Tra la miror, e lo cual Alisia trova a ultra 1474:for plural nouns does not alter the stress. 446:On January 5, 2021, the language's creator, 317:used by European sailors and merchants as a 3751: 3749: 3718: 3716: 3683: 3601:"Disionario de Lingua Franca Nova a engles" 3287: 3285: 3283: 5025: 5011: 4091: 4077: 2311:are formed by preceding the sentence with 2065:The third person singular animate pronoun 1802:if the source language pronounces it as a 34: 5049:Cameroon Pidgin+French+English  4098: 3880:Moskovsky, Christo; Libert, Alan (2006). 1846:generally follow what they modify, as do 408:, which is Simon Davies's translation of 325:from the 11–18th century, and by various 4008: 3924:"Flags of Lingua Franca Nova (language)" 3746: 3713: 3558: 3463: 3280: 3113: 468:Lingua Franca Nova has five vowels like 4908:Conlanging: The Art of Crafting Tongues 3722: 3532:(in Lingua Franca Nova). Archived from 3510:(in Lingua Franca Nova). Archived from 3413: 1960:(few, little). Possessive determiners, 386:group, which now has over 600 members. 207:question marks, boxes, or other symbols 6375: 3999: 3335: 3154: 2240:(already) and auxiliary verbs such as 2154:are indicated by preceding particles: 1976:(good and bad) also precede the noun; 230: 5006: 4072: 3178:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1877:. There are 22 prepositions, such as 1824:to retain a more recognizable form). 1520: 1428:). Those ending in the double vowels 450:, died of pancreatic cancer aged 68. 6388:Languages written in Cyrillic script 3951:"Declara universal de diretos umana" 3786:"Cornelis George Boeree (1952-2021)" 3653: 2814:of verbs plus objects create nouns: 2114:before possessive determiners, e.g. 375:for the language. The wiki moved to 136:Asosia per Lingua Franca Nova (ALFN) 4064:Swadesh list for Lingua Franca Nova 3788:(in Lingua Franca Nova). 2021-01-08 382:In 2007, Igor Vasiljevic created a 13: 5078:Hebrew+Aramaic+German+Slavic  5032: 3948: 3437: 3391:"Elefen - Introduction in English" 3291: 2437:LFN has a small number of regular 872:LFN is normally written using the 14: 6419: 6393:Languages written in Latin script 6383:International auxiliary languages 6214:Gallo-Italic languages  6027:Gallo-Italic languages  5626:American Sign Language 5068:English+Chinese+Malay+Tamil  5061:Italian+Spanish+French+Arab  4915:In the Land of Invented Languages 4018: 3224:Give us this day our daily bread, 1390: 1351: 813: 795: 788: 781: 762: 754: 747: 740: 733: 726: 719: 705: 698: 689: 682: 675: 668: 650: 643: 549: 535: 528: 514: 507: 5928:Malay trade and creole languages 3464:Bartlett, Paul O. (2005-11-30). 3414:Forsyth, Richard Sandes (2012). 3336:Boeree, C. George (March 2014). 3258:International auxiliary language 3230:and lead us not into temptation, 3228:as we have forgiven our debtors, 3185: 2983:Alice's Adventures in Wonderland 2623:means "full of..." For example: 2134:, and the possessive pronoun is 1842:(subject-verb-object) language. 415:Alice's Adventures in Wonderland 371:In 2005 Stefan Fisahn created a 248:international auxiliary language 76:International auxiliary language 65:International auxiliary language 6067:Southeast Asian languages  5424:Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic 5084:Chinese+Mongolian+Tibetan  4059:Lingua Franca Nova on Langoland 3993: 3964: 3942: 3916: 3902: 3873: 3849: 3824: 3799: 3778: 3767:from the original on 2020-07-17 3735:from the original on 2021-05-11 3702: 3677: 3666:from the original on 2012-06-09 3647: 3622: 3611: 3593: 3582: 3540: 3518: 3500: 3478: 3319:"Asosia per Lingua Franca Nova" 2940:Fragen eines lesenden Arbeiters 2867:or other prepositions instead: 2441:that help to create new words. 1349:at the end of a syllable (e.g. 855: 846: 837: 828: 579: 570: 561: 434:Knowledge in Lingua Franca Nova 6034:Hunsrückisch German  5382:English-based creole languages 3457: 3431: 3383: 3365: 3347: 3329: 3311: 3216:Our Father, who art in heaven, 3205:como nos pardona nosa detores, 3193:Nosa Padre, ci es en la sielo, 2997:The Fall of the House of Usher 2935:Demandas de un laboror lejente 2256:and the passive participle in 1904:Nouns are usually preceded by 867: 576:can also be pronounced , , or 16:Auxiliary constructed language 1: 5090:Chinese+Tagalog+English  4987:List of constructed languages 4013:. No. 1. pp. 30–33. 3889:Journal of Universal Language 3416:"In Praise of Fluffy Bunnies" 3273: 3263:List of constructed languages 3201:Dona oji nosa pan dial a nos, 3132:, a country that has adopted 3128:It is similar to the flag of 2922:Colinas como elefantes blanca 2902: 1515: 1420: 1410: 1380: 1313: 592: 232:[ˈliŋgwaˈfraŋkaˈnova] 6204:Italian languages  6038:(when Portuguese-influenced) 6031:(when Portuguese-influenced) 5750:Romance languages  5744:Iranian languages  5738:Aramaic languages  5677:(when Portuguese-influenced) 5055:Bengali+Persian+Arabic  3373:"Frequently asked questions" 3338:"Frequently asked questions" 3207:e no lasa nos cade en tenta, 2713:means to undo. For example: 1458: 1341: 1331: 1299: 1279: 876:. Its orthography is highly 458: 7: 5932:English+Chinese+Tamil  5732:Arabic languages  4004:. No. 244. p. 12. 3654:Eley, Rachel (2012-05-06). 3246: 3118:Flag of Lingua Franca Nova. 1400: 1285: 567:can also be pronounced or 311:Mediterranean Lingua Franca 10: 6424: 6041:Bantu languages  5956:Sri Lankan Malay 3684:Mithridates (2012-03-21). 3486:"Lingua Franca Nova (LFN)" 2993:La cade de la Casa de Usor 2926:Hills Like White Elephants 2611:means "pertaining to...," 2562:version of something, and 2432: 1834:Lingua Franca Nova grammar 1831: 1827: 454:Pronunciation and spelling 303: 239:and known colloquially as 6333: 6294: 6264: 6248: 6175: 6132: 6077: 5990: 5920: 5877: 5832: 5725: 5696: 5648: 5617: 5570: 5537: 5449:English+Malay+Tamil  5432: 5397: 5106: 5040: 4992:List of language creators 4977: 4931: 4880: 4832: 4772: 4573: 4488: 4389: 4179: 4168: 4106: 3763:(in Lingua Franca Nova). 3232:but deliver us from evil. 3195:ta ce tua nom es santida, 2085:. The indefinite pronoun 2058: 2050: 2034: 2025: 2014: 2003: 1992: 1987:do not decline for case: 1857:Other than the plural in 1788:phonetically transcripted 1757: 1731: 1705: 1700: 1697: 1694: 1691: 1688: 1685: 1682: 1679: 1642: 1616: 1590: 1585: 1582: 1579: 1576: 1573: 1570: 1567: 1564: 821: 819: 812: 794: 787: 780: 760: 695: 658: 656: 649: 642: 624: 613: 608: 603: 548: 463: 286:. Lingua Franca Nova has 193: 177: 161: 145: 140: 130: 125: 110: 89: 70: 60: 52: 42: 33: 26: 21: 5752:Judaeo-Romance languages 5746:Judaeo-Iranian languages 5636:Philippine Sign Language 3912:(in Lingua Franca Nova). 3554:(in Lingua Franca Nova). 3325:(in Lingua Franca Nova). 3268: 3226:and forgive us our debts 3029:Antoine de Saint-Exupéry 1778: 1752: 1726: 1663: 1637: 1611: 1283:), between vowels (e.g. 443:, by Vicente Costalago. 6159:Norwegian+Swedish  6153:Norwegian+Spanish  6147:Norwegian+Russian  6009:Italian languages  5740:Judeo-Aramaic languages 5640:Malaysian Sign Language 5471:Mongolian+Tibetan  4964:Interlingue/Interlingua 4131:International auxiliary 4054:(in Lingua Franca Nova) 4046:(in Lingua Franca Nova) 4028:(in Lingua Franca Nova) 3978:(in Lingua Franca Nova) 3953:(in Lingua Franca Nova) 3838:(in Lingua Franca Nova) 3813:(in Lingua Franca Nova) 3446:(in Lingua Franca Nova) 3300:(in Lingua Franca Nova) 3192: 3166: 3143:) and "europijin" (euro 3109: 2965:La alia de capeles roja 2760:Other prefixes include 2691:There are also several 2670:Other suffixes include 2617:means "similar to...," 2399:(before, in front of), 2351:, as are words such as 1820: 1813: 1775: 1772: 1769: 1766: 1763: 1760: 1749: 1746: 1743: 1740: 1737: 1734: 1723: 1720: 1717: 1714: 1711: 1708: 1660: 1657: 1654: 1651: 1648: 1645: 1634: 1631: 1628: 1625: 1622: 1619: 1608: 1605: 1602: 1599: 1596: 1593: 1527:Italo-Western languages 852:can also be pronounced 843:can also be pronounced 834:can also be pronounced 585:can also be pronounced 426:for beginning learners 393:designation ("lfn") by 256:Shippensburg University 106:co-official until 2021) 6047: 5734:Judeo-Arabic languages 5628:Bolivian Sign Language 5445:Chinese Pidgin English 4669:Middle-earth languages 3723:Vicente (2021-05-10). 3244: 3209:ma libri nos de malia. 3183: 3119: 3039:Letters from the Earth 2552:Two more suffixes are 2448:that create nouns are 2405:(after, behind), etc. 2262:They can be used with 313:or "Sabir", a Romance 250:originally created by 195:This article contains 6271:Chinese+English  6165:Swedish+English  5954:Sinhalese+Tamil  5495:Inter-topolects  5459:English+Tagalog  5137:Chinese+Tagalog  4944:Esperanto/Interlingua 4845:Esperanto orthography 4424:Pan-Germanic language 4206:Communicationssprache 4100:Constructed languages 3294:"La evolui de elefen" 3218:hallowed be thy name, 3189: 3163: 3117: 2969:The Red-Headed League 1964:, and the adjectives 1848:prepositional phrases 1794:(for example, letter 1311:before a vowel (e.g. 1246:(approximately as in 6141:Danish+English  6011:Macaronic Portuguese 5966:North Moluccan Malay 5857:Macaronic Portuguese 5523:Malay+Javanese  5252:Manglish (Malayalam) 4436:Pan-Romance language 4311:Latino sine flexione 3807:"Fontes de vocabulo" 3757:"La xerca per Pahoa" 3618:Disionario de Elefen 3566:"Lingua Franca Nova" 3203:e pardona nosa detas 3197:ta ce tua rena veni, 3104:Alan Alexander Milne 1321:is pronounced as in 6023:Dekasegi Portuguese 6005:Porglish/Portuglish 5900:Dekasegi Portuguese 4453:Pan-Slavic language 3949:Boeree, C. George. 3857:"Pronouns | Elefen" 3709:Task on Phabricator 3440:"Istoria de elefen" 3438:Boeree, C. George. 3361:. 29 November 2011. 3292:Boeree, C. George. 3155:Sample texts in LFN 3147:), was inspired by 3059:William Shakespeare 2601:(sheet, tablecloth) 2349:subordinate clauses 1852:subordinate clauses 1466:). The addition of 1374:Although stress is 885: 598: 484: 432:On April 18, 2018, 323:Mediterranean Basin 6398:1998 introductions 6309:Canadian Ukrainian 6184:Portuñol/Portunhol 6017:Bengali Portuguese 5999:Portuñol/Portunhol 5632:Thai Sign Language 5607:Gallo-Italic  5422:Jordanian+Bengali 4840:Constructed script 4316:Lingua Franca Nova 4296:International Sign 4011:Invented Languages 3929:Flags of the World 3832:"Parolas stranjer" 3508:"LinguaFrancaNova" 3134:Seychellois Creole 3120: 3034:Leteras de la tera 3006:La jigante egoiste 2973:Arthur Conan Doyle 2912:La xerca per Pahoa 2513:Another suffix is 1954:(many, much), and 1521:Sources of lexicon 883: 861:can also be silent 597: 483: 441:La xerca per Pahoa 235:), abbreviated as 224:Lingua Franca Nova 81:Lingua Franca Nova 28:lingua franca nova 22:Lingua Franca Nova 6370: 6369: 6228:Frespañol/Fragnol 6118:Solombala English 6053:Gira da Tabatinga 5980:Makassarese  5717:Cappadocian Greek 5591:Meridional French 5579:Frespañol/Fragnol 5519:Tangwang language 5297:Singaporean  5287:Solombala English 5000: 4999: 4855:Tolkien's scripts 4828: 4827: 4545:Logopandecteision 4508:Dutton Speedwords 4441:Neolatino Romance 4321:Lingwa de planeta 3220:thy kingdom come, 3084:A Christmas Carol 3079:Un canta de natal 3024:The Little Prince 3010:The Selfish Giant 2495:(washing machine) 2229: 2228: 2063: 2062: 1962:cardinal numerals 1783: 1782: 1668: 1667: 1159: 1158: 825: 824: 557: 556: 424:La conversa prima 397:in January 2008. 389:LFN was given an 288:phonemic spelling 264:Romance languages 221: 220: 203:rendering support 199:phonetic symbols. 132:Regulated by 61:Setting and usage 6415: 6301:Belarusian  6182:Portuguese  6100:Belarusian  6063:Judeo-Portuguese 6050: 5898:Portuguese  5855:Portuguese  5673:Portuguese  5356:Vietnamese  5274:Portuguese  5027: 5020: 5013: 5004: 5003: 4949:Esperanto/Novial 4773:Ritual and other 4614:Elvish languages 4535:Lingua generalis 4523:Astrolinguistics 4177: 4176: 4093: 4086: 4079: 4070: 4069: 4055: 4047: 4029: 4025:Official website 4014: 4005: 3987: 3986: 3984: 3983: 3968: 3962: 3961: 3959: 3958: 3946: 3940: 3939: 3937: 3936: 3920: 3914: 3913: 3906: 3900: 3899: 3897: 3886: 3877: 3871: 3870: 3868: 3867: 3853: 3847: 3846: 3844: 3843: 3828: 3822: 3821: 3819: 3818: 3803: 3797: 3796: 3794: 3793: 3782: 3776: 3775: 3773: 3772: 3753: 3744: 3743: 3741: 3740: 3720: 3711: 3706: 3700: 3699: 3697: 3696: 3681: 3675: 3674: 3672: 3671: 3651: 3645: 3644: 3626: 3620: 3615: 3609: 3608: 3597: 3591: 3586: 3580: 3579: 3577: 3576: 3562: 3556: 3555: 3544: 3538: 3537: 3522: 3516: 3515: 3504: 3498: 3497: 3492:. Archived from 3482: 3476: 3475: 3473: 3472: 3461: 3455: 3454: 3452: 3451: 3435: 3429: 3428: 3426: 3425: 3420: 3411: 3405: 3404: 3402: 3401: 3387: 3381: 3380: 3369: 3363: 3362: 3351: 3345: 3344: 3333: 3327: 3326: 3315: 3309: 3308: 3306: 3305: 3289: 3242: 3213: 3181: 3169: 2930:Ernest Hemingway 2579:(cow, cattle) + 2568:, which forms a 2558:, which forms a 2157: 2156: 1990: 1989: 1978:ordinal numerals 1895:(in, into), and 1823: 1816: 1792:orthographically 1677: 1676: 1562: 1561: 1464: 1426: 1416: 1406: 1396: 1386: 1370: 1353: 1343: 1333: 1315: 1301: 1287: 1281: 886: 882: 862: 859: 853: 850: 844: 841: 835: 832: 817: 799: 792: 785: 766: 758: 751: 744: 737: 730: 723: 709: 702: 693: 686: 679: 672: 654: 647: 599: 596: 586: 583: 577: 574: 568: 565: 553: 539: 532: 518: 511: 485: 482: 448:C. George Boeree 298:creole languages 252:C. George Boeree 234: 229: 189: 173: 157: 150: 120:Creole languages 95: 47:C. George Boeree 38: 19: 18: 6423: 6422: 6418: 6417: 6416: 6414: 6413: 6412: 6373: 6372: 6371: 6366: 6329: 6290: 6260: 6256:Te Parau Tinito 6244: 6238:Norwegian  6190:Belgranodeutsch 6171: 6134: 6128: 6106:Norwegian  6090:Ukrainian  6086:Deutschrussisch 6073: 6069:Macanese Patois 6043:Cafundó dialect 5986: 5944:Baba Malay 5916: 5873: 5828: 5796:Judeo-Malayalam 5794:Malayalam  5790:Judaeo-Georgian 5721: 5692: 5663:Belgranodeutsch 5657:Deutschrussisch 5644: 5619: 5613: 5566: 5533: 5525:Baba Malay 5479:Hezhou language 5428: 5393: 5256:Malaysian  5250:Malayalam  5200:Hungarian  5102: 5042: 5036: 5031: 5001: 4996: 4973: 4954:Ido/Interlingua 4927: 4901:Bridge of Words 4876: 4824: 4768: 4578: 4569: 4484: 4385: 4306:Langue nouvelle 4182: 4172: 4170: 4164: 4102: 4097: 4053: 4045: 4027: 4021: 3996: 3991: 3990: 3981: 3979: 3970: 3969: 3965: 3956: 3954: 3947: 3943: 3934: 3932: 3922: 3921: 3917: 3908: 3907: 3903: 3895: 3884: 3878: 3874: 3865: 3863: 3855: 3854: 3850: 3841: 3839: 3830: 3829: 3825: 3816: 3814: 3805: 3804: 3800: 3791: 3789: 3784: 3783: 3779: 3770: 3768: 3755: 3754: 3747: 3738: 3736: 3721: 3714: 3707: 3703: 3694: 3692: 3682: 3678: 3669: 3667: 3652: 3648: 3641: 3627: 3623: 3616: 3612: 3599: 3598: 3594: 3589:ISO designation 3587: 3583: 3574: 3572: 3564: 3563: 3559: 3546: 3545: 3541: 3524: 3523: 3519: 3506: 3505: 3501: 3484: 3483: 3479: 3470: 3468: 3462: 3458: 3449: 3447: 3436: 3432: 3423: 3421: 3418: 3412: 3408: 3399: 3397: 3389: 3388: 3384: 3371: 3370: 3366: 3353: 3352: 3348: 3334: 3330: 3317: 3316: 3312: 3303: 3301: 3290: 3281: 3276: 3271: 3249: 3243: 3238: 3233: 3231: 3229: 3227: 3225: 3223: 3221: 3219: 3217: 3210: 3208: 3206: 3204: 3202: 3200: 3198: 3196: 3194: 3188: 3182: 3176: 3162: 3157: 3112: 3099:Winnie-the-Pooh 3089:Charles Dickens 3001:Edgar Allan Poe 2905: 2808:(auto-, self-) 2435: 2369:(because), and 2323:(what, which), 2278:is formed with 1948:(every, each), 1936:(that, those), 1930:(this, these), 1836: 1830: 1523: 1518: 1355:). The letters 1017:Cyrillic script 870: 865: 860: 856: 851: 847: 842: 838: 833: 829: 595: 590: 589: 584: 580: 575: 571: 566: 562: 466: 461: 456: 306: 227: 201:Without proper 185: 169: 166: 153: 146: 126:Official status 96: 91: 85: 43:Created by 17: 12: 11: 5: 6421: 6411: 6410: 6405: 6400: 6395: 6390: 6385: 6368: 6367: 6365: 6364: 6358: 6352: 6337: 6335: 6331: 6330: 6328: 6327: 6317: 6311: 6305: 6298: 6296: 6292: 6291: 6289: 6288: 6282: 6275: 6268: 6266: 6262: 6261: 6259: 6258: 6252: 6250: 6246: 6245: 6243: 6242: 6236: 6230: 6224: 6220:Galician  6218: 6212: 6202: 6192: 6186: 6179: 6177: 6173: 6172: 6170: 6169: 6163: 6157: 6151: 6145: 6138: 6136: 6130: 6129: 6127: 6126: 6120: 6110: 6104: 6098: 6088: 6081: 6079: 6075: 6074: 6072: 6071: 6065: 6059: 6039: 6032: 6025: 6021:Japanese  6019: 6013: 6007: 6001: 5994: 5992: 5988: 5987: 5985: 5984: 5982:Makassar Malay 5978: 5972: 5970:Ambonese Malay 5958: 5952: 5946: 5940: 5930: 5924: 5922: 5918: 5917: 5915: 5914: 5908: 5902: 5896: 5881: 5879: 5875: 5874: 5872: 5871: 5865: 5863:Fiuman dialect 5861:Croatian  5859: 5853: 5843: 5836: 5834: 5830: 5829: 5827: 5826: 5820: 5814: 5808: 5798: 5792: 5788:Georgian  5786: 5772: 5771: 5770: 5764:Judaeo-Spanish 5760: 5748: 5742: 5736: 5729: 5727: 5723: 5722: 5720: 5719: 5713: 5707: 5700: 5698: 5694: 5693: 5691: 5690: 5684: 5678: 5671: 5665: 5659: 5652: 5650: 5646: 5645: 5643: 5642: 5623: 5621: 5615: 5614: 5612: 5611: 5609:Franco-Italian 5605: 5599: 5593: 5587: 5583:Japanese  5581: 5574: 5572: 5568: 5567: 5565: 5564: 5560:Javanese  5558: 5548: 5541: 5539: 5535: 5534: 5532: 5531: 5521: 5515: 5513:Maojia dialect 5509: 5503: 5501:Shaozhou Tuhua 5493: 5489:Japanese  5487: 5481: 5475: 5473:Wutun language 5469: 5463: 5457: 5447: 5436: 5434: 5430: 5429: 5427: 5426: 5420: 5418:Cypriot Arabic 5414: 5408: 5401: 5399: 5395: 5394: 5392: 5391: 5390: 5389: 5387:Englishization 5384: 5376: 5366: 5360: 5354: 5348: 5342: 5336: 5330: 5324: 5317: 5311: 5301: 5295: 5291:Sicilian  5289: 5279: 5272: 5266: 5260: 5254: 5248: 5242: 5236: 5230: 5218:Japanese  5216: 5210: 5204: 5198: 5196:Hong Kong 5193: 5187: 5177: 5171: 5165: 5159: 5153: 5147: 5141: 5135: 5129: 5123: 5117: 5110: 5108: 5104: 5103: 5101: 5100: 5094: 5088: 5086:Wutun language 5082: 5076: 5066: 5059: 5053: 5046: 5044: 5038: 5037: 5034:Interlanguages 5030: 5029: 5022: 5015: 5007: 4998: 4997: 4995: 4994: 4989: 4984: 4978: 4975: 4974: 4972: 4971: 4966: 4961: 4956: 4951: 4946: 4941: 4935: 4933: 4929: 4928: 4926: 4925: 4918: 4911: 4904: 4897: 4890: 4884: 4882: 4878: 4877: 4875: 4874: 4873: 4872: 4867: 4862: 4852: 4847: 4842: 4836: 4834: 4830: 4829: 4826: 4825: 4823: 4822: 4817: 4812: 4807: 4802: 4797: 4792: 4787: 4782: 4776: 4774: 4770: 4769: 4767: 4766: 4761: 4756: 4751: 4746: 4741: 4736: 4731: 4726: 4718: 4713: 4708: 4703: 4698: 4693: 4692: 4691: 4686: 4681: 4676: 4666: 4661: 4656: 4651: 4646: 4641: 4636: 4631: 4626: 4621: 4616: 4611: 4606: 4601: 4596: 4591: 4585: 4583: 4571: 4570: 4568: 4567: 4562: 4557: 4555:Real Character 4552: 4547: 4542: 4537: 4532: 4531: 4530: 4520: 4515: 4510: 4505: 4500: 4494: 4492: 4486: 4485: 4483: 4482: 4477: 4472: 4467: 4466: 4465: 4460: 4450: 4449: 4448: 4443: 4433: 4432: 4431: 4421: 4416: 4411: 4406: 4401: 4395: 4393: 4387: 4386: 4384: 4383: 4378: 4373: 4368: 4363: 4358: 4353: 4348: 4343: 4338: 4333: 4328: 4323: 4318: 4313: 4308: 4303: 4298: 4293: 4288: 4283: 4278: 4273: 4272: 4271: 4261: 4260: 4259: 4253: 4248: 4243: 4238: 4233: 4228: 4223: 4218: 4208: 4203: 4198: 4193: 4187: 4185: 4174: 4166: 4165: 4163: 4162: 4161: 4160: 4155: 4150: 4140: 4139: 4138: 4128: 4127: 4126: 4121: 4110: 4108: 4107:Classification 4104: 4103: 4096: 4095: 4088: 4081: 4073: 4067: 4066: 4061: 4056: 4051:Vici de Elefen 4048: 4040: 4035: 4030: 4020: 4019:External links 4017: 4016: 4015: 4006: 3995: 3992: 3989: 3988: 3976:Vici de Elefen 3963: 3941: 3915: 3901: 3898:on 2014-02-01. 3872: 3848: 3836:Vici de Elefen 3823: 3811:Vici de Elefen 3798: 3777: 3761:Vici de Elefen 3745: 3731:(in Catalan). 3712: 3701: 3676: 3646: 3640:978-1782012177 3639: 3621: 3610: 3607:on 2008-04-25. 3592: 3581: 3557: 3552:Vici de Elefen 3539: 3536:on 2009-02-19. 3517: 3514:on 2005-01-21. 3499: 3496:on 2007-01-14. 3477: 3456: 3444:Vici de Elefen 3430: 3406: 3382: 3364: 3346: 3328: 3323:Vici de Elefen 3310: 3298:Vici de Elefen 3278: 3277: 3275: 3272: 3270: 3267: 3266: 3265: 3260: 3255: 3248: 3245: 3236: 3187: 3184: 3174: 3161: 3158: 3156: 3153: 3111: 3108: 3107: 3106: 3091: 3076: 3061: 3046: 3031: 3019:La prinse peti 3016: 3003: 2990: 2975: 2962: 2955:Little Brother 2947: 2945:Bertolt Brecht 2932: 2904: 2901: 2900: 2899: 2898:- police chief 2889: 2879: 2859: 2858: 2844: 2830: 2825:(candle) > 2802:(inter-), and 2758: 2757: 2752:(infect) > 2743: 2729: 2668: 2667: 2653: 2639: 2603: 2602: 2588: 2550: 2549: 2548:(to telephone) 2540:(telephone) + 2535: 2511: 2510: 2509:(florist shop) 2496: 2482: 2434: 2431: 2227: 2226: 2223: 2220: 2217: 2213: 2212: 2209: 2206: 2203: 2199: 2198: 2195: 2192: 2189: 2185: 2184: 2181: 2178: 2175: 2171: 2170: 2167: 2164: 2161: 2099:mea, nosa, tua 2061: 2060: 2057: 2053: 2052: 2049: 2045: 2044: 2041: 2037: 2036: 2033: 2030: 2027: 2023: 2022: 2019: 2016: 2012: 2011: 2008: 2005: 2001: 2000: 1997: 1994: 1832:Main article: 1829: 1826: 1781: 1780: 1777: 1774: 1771: 1768: 1765: 1762: 1759: 1755: 1754: 1751: 1748: 1745: 1742: 1739: 1736: 1733: 1729: 1728: 1725: 1722: 1719: 1716: 1713: 1710: 1707: 1703: 1702: 1699: 1696: 1693: 1690: 1687: 1684: 1681: 1666: 1665: 1662: 1659: 1656: 1653: 1650: 1647: 1644: 1640: 1639: 1636: 1633: 1630: 1627: 1624: 1621: 1618: 1614: 1613: 1610: 1607: 1604: 1601: 1598: 1595: 1592: 1588: 1587: 1584: 1581: 1578: 1575: 1572: 1569: 1566: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1514: 1371:respectively. 1317:). The letter 1157: 1156: 1153: 1150: 1147: 1144: 1141: 1138: 1135: 1132: 1129: 1126: 1123: 1120: 1117: 1114: 1111: 1108: 1105: 1102: 1099: 1096: 1093: 1090: 1086: 1085: 1082: 1079: 1076: 1073: 1070: 1067: 1064: 1061: 1058: 1055: 1052: 1049: 1046: 1043: 1040: 1037: 1034: 1031: 1028: 1025: 1022: 1019: 1013: 1012: 1010: 1008: 1006: 1003: 1001: 999: 997: 995: 993: 990: 988: 986: 984: 981: 979: 977: 975: 973: 971: 969: 967: 965: 959: 958: 955: 952: 949: 946: 943: 940: 937: 934: 931: 928: 925: 922: 919: 916: 913: 910: 907: 904: 901: 898: 895: 892: 874:Latin alphabet 869: 866: 864: 863: 854: 845: 836: 826: 823: 822: 820: 818: 811: 809: 807: 801: 800: 793: 786: 779: 777: 775: 769: 768: 759: 752: 745: 738: 731: 724: 717: 711: 710: 703: 696: 694: 687: 680: 673: 666: 660: 659: 657: 655: 648: 641: 635: 634: 623: 612: 607: 602: 594: 591: 588: 587: 578: 569: 559: 558: 555: 554: 547: 541: 540: 533: 526: 520: 519: 512: 505: 499: 498: 493: 488: 465: 462: 460: 457: 455: 452: 335:Haitian Creole 305: 302: 219: 218: 205:, you may see 191: 190: 183: 175: 174: 167: 162: 159: 158: 151: 143: 142: 141:Language codes 138: 137: 134: 128: 127: 123: 122: 112: 108: 107: 97: 93:Writing system 90: 87: 86: 84: 83: 74: 72: 68: 67: 62: 58: 57: 54: 50: 49: 44: 40: 39: 31: 30: 24: 23: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6420: 6409: 6406: 6404: 6401: 6399: 6396: 6394: 6391: 6389: 6386: 6384: 6381: 6380: 6378: 6363: 6359: 6357: 6356:Scots Yiddish 6353: 6351: 6347: 6343: 6340:English  6339: 6338: 6336: 6332: 6326: 6322: 6319:Russian  6318: 6316: 6312: 6310: 6307:English  6306: 6304: 6303:West Polesian 6300: 6299: 6297: 6293: 6287: 6284:Visayan  6283: 6280: 6277:English  6276: 6274: 6270: 6269: 6267: 6263: 6257: 6254: 6253: 6251: 6247: 6241: 6237: 6235: 6232:Guarani  6231: 6229: 6225: 6223: 6219: 6217: 6213: 6211: 6207: 6203: 6201: 6197: 6194:English  6193: 6191: 6187: 6185: 6181: 6180: 6178: 6174: 6168: 6164: 6162: 6158: 6156: 6152: 6150: 6146: 6144: 6140: 6139: 6137: 6131: 6125: 6122:Chinese  6121: 6119: 6115: 6112:English  6111: 6109: 6105: 6103: 6099: 6097: 6093: 6089: 6087: 6083: 6082: 6080: 6076: 6070: 6066: 6064: 6060: 6058: 6054: 6049: 6044: 6040: 6037: 6033: 6030: 6026: 6024: 6020: 6018: 6015:Bengali  6014: 6012: 6008: 6006: 6003:English  6002: 6000: 5997:Spanish  5996: 5995: 5993: 5989: 5983: 5979: 5977: 5973: 5971: 5967: 5963: 5960:Ternate  5959: 5957: 5953: 5951: 5947: 5945: 5942:Chinese  5941: 5939: 5935: 5931: 5929: 5926: 5925: 5923: 5919: 5913: 5910:Chinese  5909: 5907: 5903: 5901: 5897: 5895: 5894:Bonin English 5891: 5887: 5884:English  5883: 5882: 5880: 5876: 5870: 5869:Judeo-Italian 5866: 5864: 5860: 5858: 5854: 5852: 5848: 5845:Spanish  5844: 5842: 5839:English  5838: 5837: 5835: 5831: 5825: 5824:Judeo-Marathi 5821: 5819: 5815: 5813: 5809: 5807: 5803: 5799: 5797: 5793: 5791: 5787: 5785: 5781: 5777: 5774:English  5773: 5769: 5765: 5762:Spanish  5761: 5759: 5755: 5754: 5753: 5749: 5747: 5743: 5741: 5737: 5735: 5731: 5730: 5728: 5724: 5718: 5715:Turkish  5714: 5712: 5708: 5706: 5703:English  5702: 5701: 5699: 5695: 5689: 5686:Yiddish  5685: 5683: 5679: 5676: 5672: 5670: 5667:English  5666: 5664: 5661:Spanish  5660: 5658: 5655:Russian  5654: 5653: 5651: 5647: 5641: 5637: 5633: 5629: 5625: 5624: 5622: 5616: 5610: 5606: 5604: 5600: 5598: 5595:English  5594: 5592: 5589:Occitan  5588: 5586: 5582: 5580: 5577:Spanish  5576: 5575: 5573: 5569: 5563: 5559: 5557: 5553: 5549: 5547: 5544:English  5543: 5542: 5540: 5536: 5530: 5526: 5522: 5520: 5516: 5514: 5511:Hmongic  5510: 5508: 5504: 5502: 5498: 5494: 5492: 5488: 5486: 5483:Russian  5482: 5480: 5476: 5474: 5470: 5468: 5465:Tibetan  5464: 5462: 5458: 5456: 5452: 5448: 5446: 5442: 5439:English  5438: 5437: 5435: 5431: 5425: 5421: 5419: 5415: 5413: 5409: 5407: 5404:English  5403: 5402: 5400: 5396: 5388: 5385: 5383: 5380: 5379: 5377: 5375: 5371: 5368:Yiddish  5367: 5365: 5362:Visayan  5361: 5359: 5355: 5353: 5349: 5347: 5344:Turkish  5343: 5341: 5337: 5335: 5331: 5329: 5325: 5322: 5319:Tagalog  5318: 5316: 5313:Swedish  5312: 5310: 5306: 5303:Spanish  5302: 5300: 5296: 5294: 5290: 5288: 5284: 5281:Russian  5280: 5277: 5273: 5271: 5267: 5265: 5262:Namibia  5261: 5259: 5255: 5253: 5249: 5247: 5244:Maltese  5243: 5241: 5237: 5235: 5232:Kannada  5231: 5229: 5228:Bonin English 5225: 5221: 5217: 5215: 5212:Italian  5211: 5209: 5205: 5203: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5188: 5186: 5182: 5178: 5176: 5172: 5170: 5166: 5164: 5160: 5158: 5155:Finnish  5154: 5152: 5148: 5146: 5142: 5140: 5136: 5134: 5131:Chinese  5130: 5128: 5124: 5122: 5119:Bengali  5118: 5116: 5112: 5111: 5109: 5105: 5099: 5095: 5093: 5089: 5087: 5083: 5081: 5077: 5075: 5071: 5067: 5064: 5060: 5058: 5054: 5052: 5048: 5047: 5045: 5039: 5035: 5028: 5023: 5021: 5016: 5014: 5009: 5008: 5005: 4993: 4990: 4988: 4985: 4983: 4980: 4979: 4976: 4970: 4969:Lojban/Loglan 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4947: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4939:Esperanto/Ido 4937: 4936: 4934: 4930: 4924: 4923: 4919: 4917: 4916: 4912: 4910: 4909: 4905: 4903: 4902: 4898: 4896: 4895: 4894:A Secret Vice 4891: 4889: 4888:Esperantology 4886: 4885: 4883: 4879: 4871: 4868: 4866: 4863: 4861: 4858: 4857: 4856: 4853: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4841: 4838: 4837: 4835: 4831: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4813: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4800:Lingua ignota 4798: 4796: 4793: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4777: 4775: 4771: 4765: 4762: 4760: 4757: 4755: 4752: 4750: 4747: 4745: 4742: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4730: 4727: 4725: 4723: 4719: 4717: 4714: 4712: 4709: 4707: 4704: 4702: 4699: 4697: 4694: 4690: 4687: 4685: 4682: 4680: 4677: 4675: 4672: 4671: 4670: 4667: 4665: 4662: 4660: 4657: 4655: 4652: 4650: 4647: 4645: 4642: 4640: 4637: 4635: 4632: 4630: 4627: 4625: 4622: 4620: 4617: 4615: 4612: 4610: 4607: 4605: 4602: 4600: 4597: 4595: 4594:Belter Creole 4592: 4590: 4587: 4586: 4584: 4582: 4576: 4572: 4566: 4563: 4561: 4558: 4556: 4553: 4551: 4548: 4546: 4543: 4541: 4538: 4536: 4533: 4529: 4526: 4525: 4524: 4521: 4519: 4516: 4514: 4511: 4509: 4506: 4504: 4503:Basic English 4501: 4499: 4496: 4495: 4493: 4491: 4487: 4481: 4478: 4476: 4473: 4471: 4468: 4464: 4461: 4459: 4456: 4455: 4454: 4451: 4447: 4444: 4442: 4439: 4438: 4437: 4434: 4430: 4427: 4426: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4417: 4415: 4412: 4410: 4407: 4405: 4402: 4400: 4397: 4396: 4394: 4392: 4388: 4382: 4379: 4377: 4374: 4372: 4371:Universalglot 4369: 4367: 4364: 4362: 4359: 4357: 4354: 4352: 4349: 4347: 4344: 4342: 4339: 4337: 4334: 4332: 4329: 4327: 4324: 4322: 4319: 4317: 4314: 4312: 4309: 4307: 4304: 4302: 4299: 4297: 4294: 4292: 4289: 4287: 4284: 4282: 4279: 4277: 4276:Idiom Neutral 4274: 4270: 4267: 4266: 4265: 4262: 4258: 4254: 4252: 4249: 4247: 4244: 4242: 4239: 4237: 4234: 4232: 4229: 4227: 4224: 4222: 4219: 4217: 4214: 4213: 4212: 4209: 4207: 4204: 4202: 4199: 4197: 4194: 4192: 4189: 4188: 4186: 4184: 4181:International 4178: 4175: 4167: 4159: 4158:Philosophical 4156: 4154: 4151: 4149: 4146: 4145: 4144: 4141: 4137: 4134: 4133: 4132: 4129: 4125: 4124:Language game 4122: 4120: 4117: 4116: 4115: 4112: 4111: 4109: 4105: 4101: 4094: 4089: 4087: 4082: 4080: 4075: 4074: 4071: 4065: 4062: 4060: 4057: 4052: 4049: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4026: 4023: 4022: 4012: 4007: 4003: 3998: 3997: 3977: 3973: 3967: 3952: 3945: 3931: 3930: 3925: 3919: 3911: 3905: 3894: 3890: 3883: 3876: 3862: 3858: 3852: 3837: 3833: 3827: 3812: 3808: 3802: 3787: 3781: 3766: 3762: 3758: 3752: 3750: 3734: 3730: 3726: 3719: 3717: 3710: 3705: 3691: 3687: 3680: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3650: 3642: 3636: 3632: 3625: 3619: 3614: 3606: 3602: 3596: 3590: 3585: 3571: 3567: 3561: 3553: 3549: 3543: 3535: 3531: 3527: 3521: 3513: 3509: 3503: 3495: 3491: 3490:Yahoo! Groups 3487: 3481: 3467: 3460: 3445: 3441: 3434: 3417: 3410: 3396: 3392: 3386: 3378: 3374: 3368: 3360: 3356: 3350: 3343: 3339: 3332: 3324: 3320: 3314: 3299: 3295: 3288: 3286: 3284: 3279: 3264: 3261: 3259: 3256: 3254: 3253:Lingua franca 3251: 3250: 3241: 3240:Lord's Prayer 3235: 3214: 3212: 3186:Lord's Prayer 3179: 3173: 3170: 3168: 3152: 3150: 3149:Pablo Picasso 3146: 3142: 3137: 3135: 3131: 3126: 3123: 3116: 3105: 3101: 3100: 3095: 3092: 3090: 3086: 3085: 3080: 3077: 3075: 3074:Lewis Carroll 3071: 3070: 3065: 3062: 3060: 3056: 3055: 3050: 3047: 3045: 3041: 3040: 3035: 3032: 3030: 3026: 3025: 3020: 3017: 3015: 3011: 3007: 3004: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2991: 2989: 2988:Lewis Carroll 2985: 2984: 2979: 2976: 2974: 2970: 2966: 2963: 2961: 2960:Cory Doctorow 2957: 2956: 2951: 2948: 2946: 2942: 2941: 2936: 2933: 2931: 2927: 2923: 2920: 2919: 2918: 2915: 2913: 2908: 2897: 2895: 2890: 2887: 2885: 2880: 2877: 2875: 2870: 2869: 2868: 2866: 2865: 2856: 2852: 2848: 2845: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2831: 2829:(candlestick) 2828: 2824: 2820: 2817: 2816: 2815: 2813: 2809: 2807: 2806: 2801: 2800: 2795: 2794: 2789: 2788: 2783: 2782: 2777: 2776: 2771: 2770: 2765: 2764: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2744: 2741: 2738:(place) > 2737: 2733: 2730: 2727: 2724:(happy) > 2723: 2719: 2716: 2715: 2714: 2712: 2711: 2706: 2705: 2700: 2699: 2694: 2689: 2687: 2686: 2681: 2680: 2675: 2674: 2665: 2661: 2657: 2654: 2651: 2647: 2643: 2640: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2626: 2625: 2624: 2622: 2621: 2616: 2615: 2610: 2609: 2600: 2596: 2592: 2589: 2586: 2582: 2578: 2575: 2574: 2573: 2571: 2567: 2566: 2561: 2557: 2556: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2536: 2533: 2529: 2525: 2522: 2521: 2520: 2518: 2517: 2508: 2504: 2500: 2497: 2494: 2490: 2486: 2483: 2480: 2476: 2472: 2469: 2468: 2467: 2465: 2464: 2459: 2458: 2453: 2452: 2447: 2442: 2440: 2430: 2428: 2427: 2422: 2421: 2416: 2415: 2410: 2406: 2404: 2403: 2398: 2397: 2392: 2391: 2386: 2385: 2380: 2376: 2374: 2373: 2368: 2367: 2362: 2361: 2356: 2355: 2350: 2346: 2345: 2340: 2339: 2334: 2333: 2328: 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1678: 1675: 1673: 1641: 1615: 1589: 1563: 1560: 1557: 1554: 1550: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1513: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1478: 1475: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1462: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1424: 1417: 1414: 1407: 1404: 1397: 1394: 1387: 1384: 1377: 1372: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1348: 1344: 1338: 1334: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1282: 1276: 1272: 1268: 1263: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1224: 1220: 1216: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1154: 1151: 1148: 1145: 1142: 1139: 1136: 1133: 1130: 1127: 1124: 1121: 1118: 1115: 1112: 1109: 1106: 1103: 1100: 1097: 1094: 1091: 1088: 1087: 1083: 1080: 1077: 1074: 1071: 1068: 1065: 1062: 1059: 1056: 1053: 1050: 1047: 1044: 1041: 1038: 1035: 1032: 1029: 1026: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1014: 1011: 1009: 1007: 1004: 1002: 1000: 998: 996: 994: 991: 989: 987: 985: 982: 980: 978: 976: 974: 972: 970: 968: 966: 964: 961: 960: 956: 953: 950: 947: 944: 941: 938: 935: 932: 929: 926: 923: 920: 917: 914: 911: 908: 905: 902: 899: 896: 893: 891: 888: 887: 884:LFN alphabet 881: 879: 875: 858: 849: 840: 831: 827: 816: 810: 808: 806: 803: 802: 798: 791: 784: 778: 776: 774: 771: 770: 765: 757: 753: 750: 746: 743: 739: 736: 732: 729: 725: 722: 718: 716: 713: 712: 708: 704: 701: 697: 692: 688: 685: 681: 678: 674: 671: 667: 665: 662: 661: 653: 646: 640: 637: 636: 633: 632: 627: 622: 621: 616: 611: 606: 601: 600: 582: 573: 564: 560: 552: 546: 543: 542: 538: 534: 531: 527: 525: 522: 521: 517: 513: 510: 506: 504: 501: 500: 497: 494: 492: 489: 487: 486: 481: 479: 478:Modern Hebrew 475: 471: 451: 449: 444: 442: 437: 435: 430: 429: 425: 419: 417: 416: 411: 410:Lewis Carroll 407: 402: 398: 396: 392: 387: 385: 380: 378: 374: 369: 367: 362: 360: 356: 352: 348: 344: 340: 336: 332: 328: 324: 320: 319:lingua franca 316: 312: 301: 299: 296: 291: 289: 285: 281: 277: 273: 269: 265: 261: 257: 253: 249: 246: 242: 238: 233: 225: 216: 212: 208: 204: 200: 198: 192: 188: 184: 182: 181: 176: 172: 168: 165: 164:Linguist List 160: 156: 152: 149: 144: 139: 135: 133: 129: 124: 121: 117: 113: 109: 105: 101: 98: 94: 88: 82: 79: 78: 77: 73: 69: 66: 63: 59: 55: 51: 48: 45: 41: 37: 32: 29: 25: 20: 6360:German  6313:Polish  6226:French  6188:German  6133:Scandinavian 6084:German  6061:Hebrew  5962:Manado Malay 5904:French  5867:Hebrew  5810:Slavic  5756:German  5709:Hebrew  5680:Hebrew  5601:Hebrew  5477:Uyghur  5332:Telugu  5268:Polish  5238:Korean  5179:Hebrew  5167:German  5161:French  5143:Danish  5113:Arabic  5051:Camfranglais 4920: 4913: 4906: 4899: 4892: 4850:Sitelen Pona 4721: 4315: 4257:esperantidos 4226:Esperanto II 4148:Experimental 4010: 4001: 3994:Bibliography 3980:. Retrieved 3975: 3972:"Nosa padre" 3966: 3955:. Retrieved 3944: 3933:. Retrieved 3927: 3918: 3904: 3893:the original 3888: 3875: 3864:. Retrieved 3860: 3851: 3840:. Retrieved 3835: 3826: 3815:. Retrieved 3810: 3801: 3790:. Retrieved 3780: 3769:. Retrieved 3760: 3737:. Retrieved 3728: 3704: 3693:. Retrieved 3689: 3679: 3668:. Retrieved 3659: 3649: 3633:. Evertype. 3630: 3624: 3613: 3605:the original 3595: 3584: 3573:. Retrieved 3569: 3560: 3551: 3542: 3534:the original 3529: 3520: 3512:the original 3502: 3494:the original 3489: 3480: 3469:. Retrieved 3459: 3448:. Retrieved 3443: 3433: 3422:. Retrieved 3409: 3398:. Retrieved 3394: 3385: 3379:. July 2021. 3376: 3367: 3359:PennLive.com 3358: 3349: 3341: 3331: 3322: 3313: 3302:. Retrieved 3297: 3215: 3190: 3171: 3164: 3151:'s drawing. 3138: 3127: 3124: 3121: 3097: 3093: 3082: 3078: 3067: 3063: 3052: 3048: 3037: 3033: 3022: 3018: 3005: 2992: 2981: 2977: 2964: 2953: 2949: 2938: 2934: 2921: 2916: 2911: 2909: 2906: 2893: 2891: 2883: 2881: 2873: 2871: 2863: 2862: 2860: 2854: 2853:(rain) > 2850: 2846: 2840: 2839:(time) > 2836: 2832: 2827:portacandela 2826: 2822: 2818: 2810: 2804: 2803: 2798: 2797: 2792: 2791: 2786: 2785: 2780: 2779: 2774: 2773: 2768: 2767: 2762: 2761: 2759: 2753: 2749: 2745: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2709: 2708: 2703: 2702: 2697: 2696: 2690: 2684: 2683: 2682:(-ism), and 2678: 2677: 2672: 2671: 2669: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2652:(serpentine) 2649: 2645: 2644:(serpent) + 2641: 2635: 2631: 2627: 2619: 2618: 2613: 2612: 2607: 2606: 2604: 2598: 2594: 2590: 2584: 2580: 2576: 2570:augmentative 2564: 2563: 2554: 2553: 2551: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2515: 2514: 2512: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2492: 2488: 2484: 2478: 2474: 2470: 2462: 2461: 2456: 2455: 2450: 2449: 2443: 2436: 2425: 2424: 2419: 2418: 2413: 2412: 2409:Conjunctions 2407: 2401: 2400: 2395: 2394: 2393:(of, from), 2389: 2388: 2383: 2382: 2379:Prepositions 2377: 2371: 2370: 2365: 2364: 2359: 2358: 2353: 2352: 2343: 2342: 2341:(when), and 2337: 2336: 2331: 2330: 2325: 2324: 2319: 2318: 2313: 2312: 2307: 2302: 2301: 2296: 2295: 2286: 2285: 2280: 2279: 2270: 2264: 2263: 2258: 2257: 2252: 2251: 2242: 2241: 2236: 2235: 2230: 2169:translation 2142: 2136: 2135: 2130: 2129: 2124: 2123: 2122: 2116: 2115: 2110: 2109: 2104: 2103: 2098: 2097: 2095: 2093:in English. 2086: 2082: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2066: 2064: 1982: 1972: 1971: 1966: 1965: 1956: 1955: 1950: 1949: 1944: 1943: 1938: 1937: 1932: 1931: 1926: 1925: 1916: 1915: 1910: 1909: 1903: 1897: 1896: 1891: 1890: 1889:(of, from), 1885: 1884: 1879: 1878: 1875:prepositions 1865: 1864: 1859: 1858: 1856: 1837: 1807: 1799: 1795: 1784: 1669: 1558: 1555: 1551: 1524: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1480:The letters 1479: 1476: 1471: 1467: 1460: 1457: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1422: 1419: 1412: 1409: 1402: 1399: 1392: 1389: 1382: 1379: 1375: 1373: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1350: 1346: 1340: 1336: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1284: 1278: 1273:are used as 1270: 1266: 1265:The letters 1264: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1235: 1231: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1160: 890:Latin script 871: 857: 848: 839: 830: 629: 618: 581: 572: 563: 474:Modern Greek 467: 445: 440: 438: 431: 423: 420: 413: 405: 403: 399: 388: 381: 370: 366:Yahoo! Group 363: 307: 292: 260:Pennsylvania 240: 236: 223: 222: 194: 178: 80: 27: 6362:Lachoudisch 6354:Scots  5974:Dutch  5822:Indic  5816:Greek  5800:Tatar  5711:Judeo-Greek 5688:Lachoudisch 5618:French Sign 5550:Malay  5517:Santa  5416:Greek  5412:Juba Arabic 5326:Tamil  5278:/Portuglish 5246:Maltenglish 5206:Irish  5189:Hindi  5173:Greek  5149:Dutch  5125:Czech  4932:Comparisons 4810:Palawa kani 4805:Medefaidrin 4480:Weltdeutsch 4470:Runyakitara 4458:Interslavic 4291:Interlingue 4286:Interlingua 4269:Interglossa 4196:Blissymbols 3910:"Leteratur" 3014:Oscar Wilde 2888:- birdhouse 2756:(disinfect) 2701:means not, 2630:(nation) + 2375:(so that). 2292:superlative 2276:comparative 2225:I would go 2216:conditional 2091:generic you 2056:Indefinite 1922:determiners 1920:) or other 1692:Portuguese 1672:phonotactic 1577:Portuguese 868:Orthography 773:Approximant 245:constructed 209:instead of 6377:Categories 6149:Russenorsk 6108:Russenorsk 5991:Portuguese 5906:Franponais 5890:Wasei-eigo 5585:Franponais 5507:E language 5378:See also: 5350:Urdu  5338:Thai  5224:Wasei-eigo 5208:Béarlachas 4959:Ido/Novial 4780:Balaibalan 4490:Engineered 4346:Pasilingua 4236:Mundolinco 4143:Engineered 4043:Literature 4033:Dictionary 3982:2020-11-11 3957:2020-11-14 3935:2020-11-15 3866:2024-05-13 3861:elefen.org 3842:2020-11-10 3817:2020-11-10 3792:2021-01-09 3771:2021-09-20 3739:2021-09-20 3695:2020-11-13 3670:2020-10-12 3575:2021-08-03 3526:"Paje xef" 3471:2020-11-13 3450:2020-11-10 3424:2020-09-28 3400:2018-05-29 3395:elefen.org 3377:elefen.org 3304:2020-11-09 3274:References 3130:Seychelles 3094:Wini-la-Pu 3044:Mark Twain 2950:Frate peti 2903:Literature 2857:(umbrella) 2821:(carry) + 2778:(super-), 2638:(national) 2593:(cloth) + 2560:diminutive 2423:(or), and 2387:(at, to), 2272:Adjectives 2248:participle 2222:me ta vade 2211:I will go 2208:me va vade 2194:me ia vade 2160:tense/mood 2048:Reflexive 2040:Inanimate 1883:(at, to), 1838:LFN is an 1539:Portuguese 1516:Vocabulary 1345:), and in 1325:() before 1303:), and in 1275:semivowels 1228:Diphthongs 593:Consonants 347:Portuguese 337:. 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Index


C. George Boeree
International auxiliary language
International auxiliary language
Writing system
Latin
Cyrillic
Romance
Creole languages
Regulated by
ISO 639-3
lfn
Linguist List
lfn
Glottolog
ling1267
IPA
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Unicode
Help:IPA
[ˈliŋgwaˈfraŋkaˈnova]
constructed
international auxiliary language
C. George Boeree
Shippensburg University
Pennsylvania
Romance languages
French
Italian

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