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Linenfold

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chisel work required at each end. A stitched embroidered border could be counterfeited by the use of punches. More complicated styles resemble a sheet of fabric that has volute folds back and forth many times. Linenfold might be fielded, visually complete against a flat panel surface and contained within each panel, or it might provide the appearance of a continuous linenfold passing behind the stiles of the framing.
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folded in half and then spread out with the sharp centered fold running vertically, and the top and bottom running out to the corners of the panel, with something of the appearance of an opened book. This style of linenfold can be created using a plane and a pre-drawn pattern, with a little finishing
199:, and to manufacture moveable and semi-moveable furniture, such as chests and presses, and even the back panels of joined chairs. Linenfold was developed as a simple technique to decorate the flat surfaces of the ubiquitous panels thus created. 245:. The linenfold of France, Netherlands, and Germany "is carved with a sharper definition and greater delicacy than was usual in England", where an early linenfold panelling can be seen in the hall screen at 226:; only top and bottom edges needed to be finished with a gouge. Significantly, linenfold had no prototype in architectural practice: the technique of the round scraper plane is also applicable to 257:
carving, but linenfold continued to be used in less sophisticated surroundings well into the 17th century. In the 19th century, linenfold panelling reappeared in the revivals of the
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with a design "imitating window tracery", "imitating folded linen" or "stiffly imitating folded material". Originally from
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styles spread in the 16th century, replaced by fielded panels for simpler work, and more complicated "Roman" and
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Carving linenfold decoration requires basic carving skill, the creased designs were run with a
195:. The framing technique was used from the 13th century onwards to clad interior walls, to form 1094: 943: 805: 717: 2097: 2092: 2051: 1956: 1840: 1731: 1225: 905: 885: 825: 409: 348: 196: 8: 1681: 1676: 1210: 1195: 1175: 1170: 1046: 928: 330: 1739: 1249: 1185: 810: 765: 537: 497: 79: 2033: 1890: 1721: 1701: 1288: 1031: 755: 597: 285: 1691: 1666: 1641: 1611: 1268: 850: 745: 512: 246: 2023: 1636: 1572: 1346: 1066: 1036: 996: 910: 612: 158: 150: 2002: 1992: 1900: 1860: 1656: 1651: 1616: 1567: 1542: 1532: 1522: 1336: 1099: 795: 617: 602: 587: 487: 327:
Nathaniel Lloyd, "Medieval Wainscoting and the Development of the Linen Panel"
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in the 14th to 16th centuries. The name was applied to the decorative style by
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for "Norway boards" to "wainscot" the chamber of the prince Edward at
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in the early 19th century; the contemporary name was apparently
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The lower parts of the walls of the 16th century dining hall of
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The simplest linenfold style is "parchemin" (also known as "
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Brick Building in England from the Middle Ages to 1550
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rediscovered the techniques to create frame and panel
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are covered with wood panelling in a linenfold design.
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International Federation of Building and Wood Workers
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A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
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An English oak chest with complex linenfold panels.
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Linenfold started to fall out of fashion as 417: 176:: "wavy wood"), Nathaniel Lloyd pointed out. 424: 410: 233:Regional variations quickly developed in 106:Learn how and when to remove this message 1932:Building and Wood Workers' International 129: 117: 2085: 355:was noted by Nathaniel Lloyd 1928:230. 405: 157:, the style became widespread across 2067: 44:adding citations to reliable sources 15: 2057: 1917:American Association of Woodturners 397:Illustrated Architecture Dictionary 338:No. 308 (November 1928), pp 230-37. 13: 14: 2124: 1947:National Wood Carvers Association 390: 2066: 2056: 2047: 2046: 1922:Architectural Woodwork Institute 368:, rev. ed. 1969: sub "Linenfold" 20: 431: 366:A Short Dictionary of Furniture 210:carving formed like a sheet of 31:needs additional citations for 1927:British Woodworking Federation 371: 358: 341: 321: 308: 295: 282:Interior Design and Decoration 274: 1: 1937:Caricature Carvers of America 305:. Scribner, 1961. Page 1266. 124:St John's College, Cambridge 7: 318:. J. Baker, 1972. Page 423. 280:Whiton, Augustus Sherrill. 10: 2129: 183:, almost always made from 2042: 2016: 1965: 1952:Society of Wood Engravers 1909: 1823: 1773: 1730: 1602: 1595: 1483: 1370: 1312: 1131: 1122: 1065: 736: 655: 646: 470: 439: 268: 378:Encyclopædia Britannica 145:) is a simple style of 2113:Architectural elements 2029:Frameless construction 1110:Wood-plastic composite 135: 127: 133: 121: 2108:Sculpture techniques 1957:Timber Framers Guild 811:Australian Blackwood 301:Fletcher, Banister. 284:. 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St John's College, Cambridge

relief carving
wood panelling
Flanders
Northern Europe
antiquarian
connoisseurs
Latin
wainscoting
oak
carpenters
joinery
choir stalls
parchment
low relief
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