4538:
crime punishable with life imprisonment; conspiracy to bring a false accusation where the offence is such that the person convicted would be liable to life imprisonment; owner etc permitting carnal knowledge of a child under 12 on premises; carnal knowledge of a child under 12, or a child under 16 by a guardian of that non-lineal descendant child; or a child under 16 with an impairment of the mind; carnal knowledge or attempted carnal knowledge of a non-lineal descendant with an impairment of the mind by a guardian; taking a child under 12 for immoral purpose and doing carnal knowledge; incest; maintaining a sexual relationship by an adult with a child under 16; attempted murder; accessory after the fact to murder; manslaughter; aiding suicide; killing unborn child; unlawful striking causing death; disabling or stupefying in order to commit an indictable offence; acts intended to cause grievous bodily harm and other malicious acts; obstructing rescue or escape from unsafe premises; endangering the safety of a person in a vehicle with intent; rape; aggravated sexual assault; aggravated robbery; aggravated attempted robbery; extortion where carrying out threat causes or would be likely to cause serious personal injury or substantial economic loss in a commercial activity; taking control of an aircraft using violence, threats of violence, in company or by fraudulent means; burglary by breaking and other circumstances of aggravation; breaking and committing an indictable offence; arson; endangering the safe use of vehicles and transport infrastructure; destroying or damaging premises by explosion; destroying sea walls and other property; communicating infectious diseases to animals; attempting to commit an indictable offence punishable by mandatory life imprisonment; being an accessory to the fact after an indictable offence punishable by mandatory life imprisonment (Criminal Code (QLD))
4519:
reasonable measure to prevent its commission; assisting enemy to engage in armed conflict; treachery; espionage; aggravated espionage offences; terrorism; planning or preparing for a terrorist act; financing terrorism; financing a terrorist; murder of an
Australian citizen or resident; entering a foreign country with the intention of engaging in a hostile activity; engaging in a hostile activity in a foreign country, or engaging in conduct preparatory to, including providing or participating in training, accumulating weapons or giving or receiving goods and services to commit a foreign incursion offence; allowing the use of a building, aircraft or vessel intending to commit, support or promote a foreign incursion offence; burglary of a property owned by a Commonwealth entity with the intent to commit an offence that causes harm to a person or damage to property; genocide offences; crimes against humanity (murder and extermination); war crimes; trafficking or manufacturing a commercial quantity of controlled drugs; cultivating or selling commercial quantities of controlled plants; importing or exporting commercial quantities of controlled drugs or plants; importing commercial quantities of a controlled drug or plant; possessing commercial quantities of a controlled drug or plant reasonably believed to have been imported; supplying marketable quantities of controlled drugs to children for trafficking; procuring children for trafficking marketable quantities of controlled drugs; procuring children for pre-trafficking marketable quantities of controlled precursors; procuring children for importing or exporting marketable quantities of a controlled drug or plant or for importing or exporting marketable quantities of border controlled precursors (Criminal Code Act (Cth))
4557:
railway, roadway, aircraft or ship; sexual intercourse without consent; causing a child under 12 to enter into or continue in sexual servitude; operating a business that involves the sexual servitude of a child under 12; aggravated robbery (armed, in company or causing harm to any person immediately before or after or during the robbery); discharging a firearm while armed in the course of assault with intent to steal; unlawfully taking control of an aircraft with violence or threats, in company or while armed; sabotage; arson; endangering operation of an aircraft; conspiracy to lay false charges where the person found guilty would have been liable to life imprisonment; terrorism; perjury in order to procure the conviction of an offence punishable by life imprisonment; forcibly rescuing certain offenders; aggravated sexual relationship with a child (Criminal Code Act (NT)). Supply of a commercial quantity of a dangerous drug (Schedule 1 or 2) to a child; supply of a dangerous drug (Schedule 1) to a child; cultivation of a commercial quantity of a prohibited plant in the presence of a child; manufacture of a commercial quantity of a
Schedule 1 dangerous drug; manufacture of a commercial or trafficable quantity of a Schedule 1 drug in the presence of a child; procuring a child under 14 to commit an offence under the Misuse of Drugs Act (Misuse of Drugs Act (NT))
645:. Other countries that do not practice life sentences include Mongolia in Asia and Norway, Iceland, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Andorra and Montenegro in Europe. Where life imprisonment is a possible sentence, there may also exist formal mechanisms for requesting parole after a certain period of prison time. This means that a convict could be entitled to spend the rest of the sentence (until that individual dies) outside prison. Early release is usually conditional on past and future conduct, possibly with certain restrictions or obligations. In contrast, when a fixed term of imprisonment has ended, the convict is free. The length of time served and the conditions surrounding parole vary. Being eligible for parole does not necessarily ensure that parole will be granted. In some countries, including Sweden, parole does not exist but a life sentence may – after a successful application – be commuted to a fixed-term sentence, after which the offender is released as if the sentence served was that originally imposed.
4546:
residential buildings; manufacture of a commercial quantity of a controlled drug for sale; sell, supply, or administer a controlled drug to a child or possession of a controlled drug intending to sell, supply or administer to a child; sell, supply, or administer a controlled drug to a person in a school zone, or possession of a controlled drug in a school zone intending to sell, supply or administer the drug to another person; trafficking a commercial quantity of a controlled drug; cultivating a commercial quantity of a controlled plant for sale (includes cannabis); sale of a commercial quantity of a controlled plant or possession with intention to sell (includes cannabis - prescribed amount - 100 plants; but in aggravated circumstances, 20 plants)
1057:, Florida, Terrence J. Graham tried to rob a restaurant along with three adolescent accomplices. During the robbery, one of Graham's accomplices had a metal bar that he used to hit the restaurant manager twice in the head. Once arrested, Graham was charged with attempted armed robbery and armed burglary with assault/battery. The maximum sentence he faced for these charges was life without the possibility of parole, and the prosecutor wanted to charge him as an adult. During the trial, Graham pleaded guilty to the charges, resulting in three years of probation, one year of which had to be served in jail. Since he had been awaiting trial in jail, he already served six months and, therefore, was released after six additional months.
1145:
jail term between 30 and 40 years. At the time of the reform, at least 117 prisoners were serving natural life imprisonment, consisting of 70 whose original death sentences were commuted to life (without parole) prior to the reform, and another 47 whose sentences of life were imposed by the courts, and all of these life convicts were allowed to have their jail terms reduced to between 30 and 40 years in jail. In
November 2023, four drug traffickers - Zulkipli Arshad, Wan Yuriilhami Wan Yaacob, Ghazalee Kasim and Mohamad Junaidi Hussin - became the first group of people to have their natural life sentences reduced to 30 years’ imprisonment after a re-sentencing hearing by the
1666:
4623:
1061:
trial for the probation violations a year later. While Graham denied any involvement in the robbery, he did admit to fleeing from the police. The trial court found that Graham violated his probation by "committing a home invasion robbery, possessing a firearm, and associating with persons engaged in criminal activity", and sentenced him to 15 years for the attempted armed robbery plus life imprisonment for the armed burglary. The life sentence Graham received meant he had a life sentence without the possibility of parole, "because
Florida abolished their parole system in 2003".
3024:
1270:
4619:
3080:
1607:
1440:
1184:, which dismissed Abdul Nasir's appeal, to decide that it would be wrong to consider life imprisonment as a fixed jail term of 20 years and thus changed it to a jail term to be served for the rest of the prisoner's remaining lifespan. The amended definition is applied to future crimes committed after 20 August 1997. Since Abdul Nasir committed the crime of kidnapping and was sentenced before 20 August 1997, his life sentence remained as a prison term of 20 years and thus he still had to serve 38 years behind bars.
3288:
3224:
3138:
1769:
3359:
2370:
2075:
404:
2638:
739:
1395:
2710:
2218:
1931:
1707:
3233:
2770:
1827:
1544:
1330:
2429:
2117:
3406:
2593:
2486:
2325:
2176:
1884:
3153:
1993:
3146:
2283:
2953:
2536:
1502:
2827:
1068:, with the question of whether juveniles should receive life without the possibility of parole in non-homicide cases. The Justices eventually ruled that such a sentence violated the juvenile's 8th Amendment rights, protecting them from punishments that are disproportionate to the crime committed, resulting in the abolition of life sentences without the possibility of parole in non-homicide cases for juveniles.
925:, with the last granting of a pardon taking place in 1986 when a terminally ill convict was released. As of 1970, the Dutch monarch has pardoned a total of three convicts. Although there is no possibility of parole eligibility, since 2016 prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment in the Netherlands are eligible to have their cases reviewed after serving at least 25 years. This change in law was because the
914:, life imprisonment means for the rest of one's life with the only possibilities for release being a terminal illness or a presidential pardon. In Albania, while no person sentenced to life imprisonment is eligible for standard parole, a conditional release is still possible if the prisoner is found not likely to re-offend and has displayed good behaviour, and has served at least 25 years.
4731:
life imprisonment does not contain a saving similar to the death penalty clause, and thus life sentences are not allowed even in wartime. It is unclear, however, if the presidential power of mercy, that allows the president to pardon or commute a penal sentence, could be used to reduce a death penalty imposed in wartime, transforming it into a sentence of life imprisonment.
906:, while the law does not expressly provide for life imprisonment without any possibility of parole, a court can rule in exceptionally serious circumstances that convicts are ineligible for automatic parole consideration after 30 years if convicted of child murder involving rape or torture, premeditated murder of a state official or terrorism resulting in death. In
2986:
nuclear weapons, unlawful nuclear explosion, treason, genocide; in wartime only: mutiny, insubordination, undermining the will to fight, desertion, unauthorised capitulation, negligence of war preparations and negligence of battle duty; attempts, accessories, accomplices and incitements of all the above crimes might also be punished with life imprisonment.
3199:, kidnapping, false imprisonment, manslaughter, attempted murder, soliciting murder, threats to kill, wounding with intent to cause grievous bodily harm, malicious wounding, using chloroform etc., maliciously administering poison, abandoning children, other serious crimes and other common law offences where the maximum penalty is life imprisonment.
910:, there is never a possibility of parole for anyone sentenced to life imprisonment, as life imprisonment is defined as the "deprivation of liberty of the convict for the entire rest of his/her life". Where mercy is granted in relation to a person serving life imprisonment, imprisonment thereof must not be less than 30 years. In
893:, persons who refuse to cooperate with authorities and are sentenced for mafia activities or terrorism are ineligible for parole and thus will spend the rest of their lives in prison. In Austria, life imprisonment will mean imprisonment for the remainder of the offender's life unless clemency is granted by the
4730:
Brazil's constitution prohibits the death penalty with a saving allowing the death penalty in wartime, if the state of war is duly declared by
Congress (art. 5, item XLVII, subitem "a)"); the Constitution's next line (art. 5, item XLVII, subitem "b)"), prohibits life sentences. The clause prohibiting
4537:
QLD: Demands with menaces upon agencies of government; riot, if the offender causes grievous bodily harm to a person, causes an explosive substance to explode or destroys or starts to destroy a building, vehicle or machinery; piracy; perjury, in order to procure the conviction of another person for a
1144:
Originally in
Malaysia, life imprisonment was construed as a jail term lasting the remainder of a convict's natural life, either with or without the possibility of parole. In April 2023, the Malaysian government officially abolished natural life imprisonment and instead redefined a life sentence as a
4556:
NT: Manslaughter; assisting or encouraging a suicide; killing an unborn child; disabling or stupefying in order to commit an indictable offence; acts intended to cause serious harm or prevent lawful apprehension; preventing escape from wreck; intentionally endangering safety of persons travelling by
729:
estimated that there were 2,589 youth offenders serving life sentences without the possibility for parole in the U.S. Since the start of 2020, that number has fallen to 1,465. The United States has the highest population of prisoners serving life sentences for both adults and minors, at a rate of 50
1171:
on 20 August 1997 that led to the law in
Singapore to change the definition of life imprisonment into a sentence that lasts the remainder of the prisoner's natural life, with the possibility of parole after at least 20 years. Abdul Nasir was a convicted robber and kidnapper who was, in two separate
897:
or it can be assumed that the convicted person will not commit any further crimes; the probationary period is ten years. In Malta, prior to 2018, there was previously never any possibility of parole for any person sentenced to life imprisonment, and any form of release from a life sentence was only
2737:
Under certain, aggravated conditions (usually causing death): crimes against humanity, drug trafficking, human trafficking, child trafficking, false imprisonment, hostage taking, kidnapping, robbery, extortion, domestic violence, kidnapping, public endangerment, air/sea piracy, treason, sabotage,
948:
In South and
Central America, Honduras, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Venezuela, Colombia, Uruguay, Bolivia, Ecuador, and the Dominican Republic have all abolished life imprisonment. The maximum sentence is 75 years in El Salvador, 60 years in Colombia, 50 years in Costa Rica and Panama, 40
720:
A few countries allow for a minor to be given a life sentence without parole; these include but are not limited to: Antigua and
Barbuda, Argentina (only over the age of 16), Australia, Belize, Brunei, Cuba, Dominica, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, the Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, and the United
1060:
Within six months of his release, Graham was involved in another robbery. Since he violated the conditions of his probation, his probation officer reported to the trial court about his probation violations a few weeks before Graham turned 18 years old. It was a different judge presiding over his
1356:
Murder, high level drug dealing, Nazi activism, production or distribution of chemical warfare agents to be used in armed conflict; abduction, robbery, rape and statutory rape if the crime causes the victim's death, sea and air piracy and arson if the crime causes the death of a large number of
684:
was sentenced to 34 consecutive terms of life imprisonment (without parole) for murdering 17 people and injuring another 17 at a school. Any sentence without parole effectively means a sentence cannot be suspended; a life sentence without parole, therefore, means that in the absence of unlikely
4530:
NSW: Murder; aggravated sexual assault in company; sexual intercourse with a child under 10; persistent sexual abuse of a child (Crimes Act (NSW)). Drug offences involving commercial quantities or cultivation for a commercial purpose; offences involving manufacture or production in presence of
2985:
Murder, kidnapping, arson, sabotage, dangerous destruction of property, hijacking, espionage, terror crimes, rebellion, endangering the public health by spread of contagion or poison, disloyalty when negotiating with foreign powers, trading in anti-personnel mines, cluster bombs or chemical or
4868:
4518:
Offences including piracy; murder of a UN or associated person; explosives and lethal device offences; treason; assisting anyone known to have committed treason escape apprehension or punishment; knowing someone intends to commit a treason offence and not reporting it to the police or taking
2010:
Since 1977: Normally 15 years. In exceptionally serious cases the minimum to serve before the possbility of parole can be increased at the courts discretion with no fixed limit. Decisions of the constitutional court require that there is a realistic chance of release and that age and serious
1039:
4545:
SA: Manslaughter; aggravated causing death or causing serious harm by use of a vehicle or vessel; rape; unlawful sexual intercourse with a person under 14; property damage of building or motor vehicle by fire (arson) or explosives; aggravated robbery; aggravated serious criminal trespass of
1108:
that judges do not need to make a separate finding of the defendant to be "permanently incorrigible", the "Miller requirement", prior to handing them a sentence of life sentence without parole, but maintained that an individual evaluation to precede sentencing, hence maintaining the ban on
4541:
WA: Attempt to unlawfully kill; criminal damage by fire (Criminal Code (WA)). Possessing, with intent to sell or supply, a trafficable quantity (>28g) of methylamphetamine; conspiring with another to, or attempting to, commit a methylamphetamine trafficking offence (Misuse of Drugs Act
5015:
The court may decide that only the time in less-than-maximum security prison counts for the purposes of parole and that the convict must serve at least ten years in maximum security. A record of good behavior is needed for transfer to lower security in which 20 years must be served
1081:
that mandatory sentences of life in prison without parole for juvenile offenders are unconstitutional. The majority opinion stated that barring a judge from considering mitigating factors and other information, such as age, maturity, and family and home environment violated the
4552:
ACT: Murder; trafficking in a controlled drug; manufacturing a controlled drug for selling; cultivating a controlled plant for selling; selling a controlled plant; supplying controlled drug to child for selling; procuring a child to traffic a controlled
2142:
Manslaughter, rape, aggravated sexual assault, committing a sexual act on a child less than 15 years of age, assault causing serious harm, syringe attacks, aggravated kidnapping, aggravated robbery, aggravated burglary, certain drugs offences, and other
5209:
A person between the ages of 18 and 21 can be tried before a juvenile court (which happens in almost all cases concerning minors) or an adult court, which is determined by the intellectual development of the accused and the severity of the crime
2970:
After 2006: The offender can apply for conversion to a fixed term sentence after 10 years. The fixed term shall be at least 18 years and under normal parole regulations two thirds are served before release (minimum 12 years served for a life
3169:), but individually set by judge. A whole life order means life without parole (e.g. natural life in prison until death). However, there is, at least in theory, a possibility of release of prisoners serving such sentences, as the
1803:
Some cases of murder, public endangerment, treason, terrorism, genocide, crimes against humanity, use of forbidden combat device or forbidden combat tactics, war crimes, persecution of population, misuse of international symbols
4838:, R.S. 1995, c. 22, s. 6(1), as amended by R.S., 1985, c. 1 (4th Supp.), s. 45(F) and R.S.C., 1992, c. 22, s. 4; and R.S.C., 2000, c. 1, s. 1(F) and R.S.C., 2010, c. 5, s. 2 and R.S.C, 2012, c. 1, s. 115. (
2669:
not amounting to murder (manslaughter), kidnapping by ransom, criminal breach of trust by a public servant, voluntarily causing grievous hurt with dangerous weapons, and trafficking of firearms and more than 30 other offences
775:
In several countries, life imprisonment has been effectively abolished. Many of the countries whose governments have abolished both life imprisonment and indefinite imprisonment have been culturally influenced or colonized by
5061:
1167:, before 20 August 1997, the law decreed that life imprisonment is a fixed sentence of 20 years with the possibility of one-third reduction of the sentence (13 years and 4 months) for good behaviour. It was an appeal by
5344:
1913:
Some cases of murder, some cases of handling drugs, crimes against humanity, genocide, acts of war against civilians, terrorism, violence against the independence of
Estonia, causing an explosion using nuclear energy
2560:
Treason, assassination of Polish president, war of aggression, genocide, crimes against humanity, unlawful use of weapon of mass destruction, war crimes, murder, homicide and serious bodily harm resulting in death
4299:
1176:
in 1994 and a consecutive sentence of life imprisonment with 12 strokes of the cane for kidnapping two police officers for ransom in 1996, which totalled up to 38 years' imprisonment and 30 strokes of the cane.
4852:
1086:
ban on cruel and unusual punishment. Sentences of life in prison without parole can still be given to juveniles for aggravated first-degree murder, as long as the judge considers the circumstances of the case.
659:
life imprisonment, meaning that the sentence would last longer than the human life expectancy. For example, courts in South Africa have handed out at least two sentences that have exceeded a century, while in
4084:"Presidência da República - Secretaria-Geral - Subchefia para Assuntos Jurídicos - CÓDIGO PENAL - "Art. 75. O tempo de cumprimento das penas privativas de liberdade não pode ser superior a 40 (quarenta) anos"
3497:
4656:
1851:
Treason, espionage during wartime, use of force against the parliament, terrorism, arson under circumstances that are life-threatening, hijacking of vehicles, willful release of nuclear substances, murder
976:
A person serving a life sentence must serve for a certain length of time before becoming eligible for parole. First degree murder and high treason carry the longest period of parole ineligibility in the
4605:
4429:
2394:
Murder, aggravated manslaughter, various crimes against the Dutch state, attacks on the monarch, crimes with a terrorist motive, and leading a terrorist organization in especially serious circumstances
5723:
921:, there was never a possibility of parole for any person sentenced to life imprisonment, and any form of release for life convicted in the country was only possible when granted royal decree by the
1021:
ruled that sentencing minors to life without parole, automatically (as the result of a statute) or as the result of a judicial decision, for crimes other than intentional homicide, violated the
5952:
936:, the decision of whether or not a life-convicted person is eligible for parole is up to the prison complex after 25 years have been served, and release eligibility depends on the prospect of
1113:
life sentences for minors. Life sentences with minimum terms, which permit later evaluation of a convict's character and rehabilitation, remain constitutional, including for minor offenders.
3724:
932:
Even in other European countries that do provide for life without parole, courts continue to retain judicial discretion to decide whether a sentence of life should include parole or not. In
4033:
717:
oppose that punishment. In particular, they emphasize that when faced with a prisoner with no hope of being released ever, the prison has no means to discipline such convict effectively.
5701:
889:, although the law does not expressly provide for life without the possibility of release, some convicted persons may never be released, on the grounds that they are too dangerous. In
1681:
13 for a single murder if it is the perpetrator's first offence. 15–20 for a single murder that is the perpetrator's second offence if he/she serves the sentence with good behaviour
621:
Common law murder is one of the only crimes in which life imprisonment is mandatory; mandatory life sentences for murder are given in several countries, including some states of the
5065:
5930:
5251:
5337:
2251:, terrorism resulting in death, piracy (hijacking of a civilian aircraft or civilian vessel) that results in death or otherwise has grave consequences to the safety of others
1631:
Various crimes including attempted murder, aircraft hijacking, armed robbery, kidnapping, aggravated sexual assault, conspiracy to murder and most offenses resulting in death
1619:
25 years for first-degree murder or high treason; 10 years minimum for second-degree murder. 7–25 years for any other offence where the maximum penalty is life imprisonment.
4322:
5803:
4741:
4214:
3546:
1000:, which prohibits cruel and unusual punishment. Parole eligibility for second degree murder typically varies between 10 and 25 years, and is set by the sentencing judge.
3477:
940:
and how likely they are to re-offend. In Europe, only Ukraine and Moldova explicitly exclude parole or any form of sentence commutation for life sentences in all cases.
969:
is a criminal sentence for certain offences that lasts for the offender’s life. Parole is possible, but even if paroled, the offender remains under the supervision of
629:. Life imprisonment (as a maximum term) can also be imposed, in certain countries, for traffic offences causing death. Life imprisonment is not used in all countries;
5465:
2243:
Genocide, prohibited mistreatment of persons under international law, war crimes, crimes against humanity, prohibited military attack, attempted assassination of the
3829:
1002:
A life sentence is the most severe punishment for any crime in Canada. Criminal laws are enacted by the Parliament of Canada and apply uniformly across the country.
994:
5847:
4894:
4645:
5905:
3380:
3656:
4601:
4421:
2344:
24 years (74 years if convicted of murder involving kidnapping); in the state of Chihuahua, murder involving kidnapping provides for a mandatory life sentence
1670:
1194:, was since regarded as a landmark in Singapore's legal history as it changed the definition of life imprisonment from "life" to "natural life" under the law.
5868:
This is subject to sentencing guidelines applicable to each offence and to limits on the sentences which can be applied in courts dealing with minor offences.
1102:
were to apply retroactively, causing a substantial amount of appeals to decade-old sentences for then-juvenile offenders. In 2022, the Supreme Court ruled in
4820:, R.S. 1985, c. C-46, s. 748, as amended by R.S., 1985, c. 1 (4th Supp.), s. 45(F) and R.S.C., 1992, c. 22, s. 12; and R.S.C., 1995, c. 22, s. 6. (
5715:
4125:
3103:
1223:
488:
4924:
1172:
High Court trials, sentenced to 18 years' imprisonment and 18 strokes of the cane for robbery with hurt resulting in a female Japanese tourist's death at
680:, received 12 consecutive life sentences plus 3,318 years without the possibility of parole. In the case of mass murder in the US, Parkland mass murderer
4065:
3858:
3703:
5668:§ 89 Criminal Code of Slovenia (Kazenski zakonik, KZ), temporarily pursuant as per § 375 of (the new) Criminal Code of Slovenia (Kazenski zakonik; KZ-1)
4994:
4696:
2618:
Treason and other grave crimes against the state, extremely grave murder, capitulation, desertion on the battlefield, crimes against peace or humanity
1083:
1022:
815:
previously had a maximum prison sentence of 40 years; life imprisonment was instated in 2019 by amendments to the country's criminal code, alongside a
3786:
3111:
3985:
3720:
1452:
15 years (no previous conviction or below 3 years), 19 years (previous conviction below 5 years), or 23 years (previous conviction 5 years or more)
3522:
2414:
After 25 years served, the Advisory College for the Lifelong Incarcerated reviews whether a return into society is advisable, but only a pardon by
949:
years in Honduras and Brazil, 30 years in Nicaragua, Bolivia, Uruguay, Venezuela and the Dominican Republic, and 25 years in Paraguay and Ecuador.
5315:
2247:, attempted assassination of a governmental official or foreign official, murder with aggravated circumstances, murder of persons protected under
4495:
3345:
2027:
3203:
705:. Since the behaviour of a prisoner serving a life sentence without parole is not relevant to the execution of such sentence, many people among
528:, or commuted to a fixed term). Crimes that result in life imprisonment are extremely serious and usually violent. Examples of these crimes are
5557:
5516:
4763:
4263:
3182:– abolished in 2012 but offenders already serving that sentence remain in prison. Persons under 18 years of age may be sentenced to detention
5693:
4794:
3007:: max 14 years of imprisonment (until 1 January 2022, onwards the same rules as for other offenders are applied in cases of serious offences)
6128:
5220:
4281:
2067:
No (abolished in West Germany by the Constitution since 23 May 1949; abolished by law in West Germany in 1953 and in East Germany in 1987)
983:, at 25 years. A statutory amendment to allow periods of parole ineligibility greater than 25 years was held to be unconstitutional by the
3580:
2022:
Aggravated murder, genocide resulting in death, crimes against humanity resulting in death, war crimes against persons resulting in death
6001:
5398:
4839:
2501:
Maximum sentence 21 years (30 years if convicted of aggravated terrorism) with possibility to renew the sentence in exceptional cases.
1294:
Yes; for murder in Queensland, Western Australia, South Australia, Northern Territory; for murder of police officer in New South Wales
5938:
5370:
5270:
1299:
722:
4714:
701:
life terms are used, a release on humanitarian grounds (also known as compassionate release) is commonplace, such as in the case of
5416:
5031:
1216:
481:
4330:
6223:
4198:
2657:
4466:
4237:
4171:
4117:
2662:
Yes; for certain offences, including possession of firearms at time of arrest for any offence, hijacking of aircraft and piracy
826:, there are many jurisdictions where the law expressly provides for life sentences without the possibility of parole. These are
6228:
3363:
1129:
1012:
835:
300:
294:
5882:
4098:
3627:
1569:
Aggravated murder, aggravated kidnapping, aggravated robbery, treason, espionage, war crimes, genocide, desertion in wartime
5972:
3905:
1306:
6153:
3678:
2374:
5461:
4479:
4300:"In landmark review, apex court commutes death penalty and natural-life imprisonment of 11 convicted for drug trafficking"
2011:
illnesses of the convicted must be taken into account, when a minimum time to serve in exceptionally serious cases is set.
5843:
5605:
Only in cases of repeat offenders, convicted of the same or as part of an organized group or during a state of emergency.
1209:
474:
5778:
3547:"Crime > Punishment > Minimum life sentence to serve before eligibility for requesting parole: Countries Compared"
4890:
3341:
3273:
Compassionate release by cabinet secretary for justice (Scottish government); amnesty by royal decree (by means of the
3179:
1289:
1065:
1018:
714:
3173:
has the power to release on licence any life sentence prisoner on compassionate grounds in exceptional circumstances.
6193:
5296:
4821:
3664:
1955:
High treason, espionage, genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, homicidal terrorist act, crime against peace
784:
and have written such prohibitions into their current constitutional laws (including Portugal itself but not Spain).
4646:"The abolition of the death penalty and its alternative sanction in South Caucasus: Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia"
697:(e.g. imminent death), the prisoner will spend the rest of their natural life in prison. In several countries where
6208:
6158:
3028:
669:
5579:
5994:
2687:
1814:
800:
each set the maximum prison sentence at 45 years, and Portugal abolished all forms of life imprisonment with the
5338:"VIII-1250 Lietuvos Respublikos įstatymas dėl Europos žmogaus teisių ir pagrindinių laisvių apsaugos konvenc..."
4507:
3885:
6183:
6063:
4916:
4862:
4083:
3832:[Congress approves permanent revisable prison with support only from the People's Party] (in Spanish).
3746:
3700:
3170:
2686:: applied for certain offences, but mandatory for murder, drug trafficking and other offences that attract the
2642:
2248:
1274:
1158:
970:
926:
350:
31:
3760:
6188:
5641:
Only if the crime results in the injuries or deaths of multiple persons or if the perpetrator is a mercenary.
5039:
4990:
3993:
3787:"The Sentencing Project News – New Publication: Life Goes On: The Historic Rise in Life Sentences in America"
3472:
3325:
2714:
808:
634:
17:
5681:
5237:
5113:
4568:
4352:
2007:
Before 1977: never (except with presidential pardon). Ruled unconstitutional by Federal Constitutional Court
1678:
13 years of the original sentence having been actually served. Never in extremely serious corruption cases.
6263:
6123:
6118:
6108:
6098:
6093:
6088:
6073:
6068:
6058:
5804:"Whole Life Orders: Attorney General's Reference (R. v McCann); Attorney General's Reference (R. v Sinaga)"
3931:
3794:
3183:
2940:
1997:
1935:
1831:
1711:
1444:
1334:
1181:
1173:
1026:
677:
673:
460:
243:
5825:
6218:
6213:
6203:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6148:
6133:
6113:
6103:
6078:
4450:
3632:
3084:
2957:
2540:
2490:
2329:
1611:
966:
959:
431:
423:
4950:
3529:
6248:
6198:
6143:
6138:
6083:
5987:
5311:
3337:
3274:
3210:
2831:
1653:
373:
6253:
3602:
3457:
3255:
Murder with additional circumstances, two or more murders, attempted murder, two or more counts rape
1146:
937:
335:
5553:
5512:
4759:
3048:
Aggravated murder, aggravated hostage-taking, genocide, endangering the independence of the country
3333:
99:
5180:
4786:
4531:
children or procuring children to supply prohibited drugs (Drug Misuse and Trafficking Act (NSW)).
4480:"A Comparative Review of National Legislation for the Indefinite Detention of 'Dangerous Criminals
4395:
6035:
4175:
3462:
2928:
1092:
984:
922:
649:
261:
45:
2719:
Yes; only if necessary to protect society and given the convict is unlikely to be rehabilitated
5394:
4816:
3572:
2697:
2665:
Murder (if no intent to cause death), drug trafficking (if acted as couriers or mentally ill),
2244:
2062:
979:
797:
320:
5879:"Criminal Proceedings in Scotland 2014–15: Annex D: Definitions, Classifications and Notation"
4579:
4422:"Murderer fails to escape the gallows: 6 other cases involving the revised death penalty laws"
5087:
4007:
3959:
3467:
1188:
1168:
1054:
702:
694:
345:
204:
74:
4370:
3830:"El Congreso aprueba la prisión permanente revisable con el único apoyo del Partido Popular"
6040:
5366:
4834:
4241:
4048:"Ukraine found in violation of the prohibition of torture over treatment of life prisoners"
2163:
2058:
1104:
929:
stated in 2013 that lifelong imprisonment without the chance of being released is inhuman.
894:
807:
Life imprisonment in Spain was abolished in 1928, but reinstated in 2015 and upheld by the
672:
in 1996, received 35 life sentences plus 1,035 years without parole. In the United States,
199:
179:
8:
4711:
2122:
340:
5677:
5408:
5252:"Children charged with serious crimes face different criminal justice process to adults"
6045:
6030:
6025:
4582:
judicialcollege.vic.edu.au 'Young persons' may not be sentenced to indefinite sentences
4496:"Indefinite detention of people with cognitive and psychiatric impairment in Australia"
3764:
2869:
1125:
899:
726:
611:
560:
439:
230:
222:
217:
194:
189:
184:
109:
54:
3202:
No, but offenders under 18 can be sentenced to detention for an indeterminate period.
1752:: Imprisonment of up to 10 years only in serious cases, otherwise educational measures
6268:
6258:
5035:
4965:
4858:
4462:
4206:
3701:
The Rest of Their Lives: Life without Parole for Child Offenders in the United States
3321:
3157:
2732:
2666:
2335:
1098:
1073:
1031:
827:
816:
792:
A number of European countries have abolished all forms of indefinite imprisonment.
642:
576:
564:
315:
266:
235:
104:
5878:
5844:"Life Sentence Prisoners in Scotland: Chapter One: Historical Use of Life Sentences"
4673:
4463:"Indefinite detention of persons with disability within the criminal justice system"
3721:"State Distribution of Youth Offenders Serving Juvenile Life Without Parole (JLWOP)"
3104:
Life imprisonment in Taiwan § Crimes with life imprisonment as minimum sentence
3294:
3166:
2865:
638:
452:
305:
159:
94:
5488:"The Penal Code - Chapter 18. Terrorist acts and terrorism-related acts - Lovdata"
5435:
5782:
5420:
5402:
5200:
sec. 8(1) German Criminal Code on crimes against international law and war crimes
5191:
sec. 7(1) German Criminal Code on crimes against international law and war crimes
4718:
3861:[Constitutional court upholds permanent reviewable prison] (in Spanish).
3707:
3249:
Between 17 and 30 years for a single murder without any additional circumstances
2915:
2840:
1043:
989:
854:(only for persons who refuse to cooperate with authorities and are sentenced for
579:
572:
368:
114:
5487:
3686:
3329:
3287:
3223:
3137:
3013:
By the district court of Örebro (parole hearing) or by the government (pardon)
1774:
831:
652:, courts have been given the authority to pass prison terms that may amount to
505:
383:
169:
4034:"RIS - Strafgesetzbuch § 46 - Bundesrecht konsolidiert, tagesaktuelle Fassung"
3112:
Life imprisonment in Taiwan § Other crimes allowing for life imprisonment
1873:
After 12 years entitled to request to minister of justice; granted by monarch
6242:
5775:
4969:
4210:
3358:
3196:
2875:
2858:
2548:
Any minimum term from 30 to 50 years or never; individually set by the judge
2080:
1344:
or never (Imprisonment for lifetime, when clemency is rejected by president)
1319:
Federal: By governor general NSW, Vic, QLD, WA, SA, Tas, ACT, NT: by statute
1077:
in a 5–4 decision and with the majority opinion written by Associate Justice
801:
665:
622:
4534:
Vic: Murder; trafficking in a drug of dependence (large commercial quantity)
2585:
No (abolished during peacetime in 1998 and under all circumstances in 2014)
1970:: max. 12 years' imprisonment for a single offence, 15 for multiple offences
4949:
Kovčo Vukadin, Irma; Žakman-Ban, Vladimira; Jandrić-Nišević, Anita (2010).
2415:
1149:, which was followed by many more such commutations in the months to come.
1133:
1121:
681:
633:
was the first country to abolish life imprisonment, in 1884, and all other
544:
509:
378:
251:
84:
5288:
1282:
Federal: For terrorism and treason offences: 22.5 years. State laws vary.
1180:
Abdul Nasir's appeal for the two sentences to run concurrently led to the
753: Life imprisonment is a legal penalty, but with certain restrictions.
4854:
Criminal Law and Criminal Procedure Law in the People's Republic of China
4172:"Court bars mandatory life without parole for youths, rejects cross case"
3023:
2369:
2028:
Life imprisonment in Germany § Crimes allowing for life imprisonment
1078:
973:
for their lifetime, and can be returned to prison for parole violations.
918:
839:
725:
study, only the U.S. had minors serving such sentences in 2008. In 2009,
710:
541:
310:
209:
38:
5181:
German Criminal Code on crimes against international law and war crimes
4891:"Is Life Without Parole a Signal of China's Will to Reduce Executions?"
4238:"Pope Francis calls for abolishing death penalty and life imprisonment"
3452:
2902:
2144:
1400:
591:
587:
408:
330:
154:
144:
89:
4948:
4742:"Pacote anticrime entra em vigor com mudanças no cumprimento de penas"
4161:, 87(1), 51–91. Criminal Justice Abstracts. Retrieved 28 October 2012.
3936:
3573:"Cleveland kidnapper Ariel Castro sentenced to life, plus 1,000 years"
4118:"Supreme Court Restricts Life Sentences Without Parole for Juveniles"
2637:
2576:: max. 30 years' imprisonment, but only if juvenile is tried as adult
2223:
1269:
1164:
859:
738:
552:
537:
289:
149:
79:
5979:
5953:"Pese a que la Justicia ha aplicado penas de 45 años, no se cumplen"
4264:"Malaysia scraps mandatory death penalty, natural-life prison terms"
403:
3238:
2886:
2879:
2775:
2709:
1917:
Maximum length 10 years. Under 14 cannot be criminally prosecuted.
1549:
847:
804:
of Sampaio e Melo in 1884 and has a maximum sentence of 25 years.
781:
730:
people per 100,000 (1 out of 2,000) residents imprisoned for life.
661:
630:
615:
595:
4047:
3657:"InfoLEG – Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas Públicas – Argentina"
1038:
5117:
4282:"Malaysia commutes death penalty, life terms of 11 drug convicts"
4090:
3808:
3411:
3145:
2906:
2598:
2434:
2181:
1992:
1930:
1889:
1826:
1706:
1439:
1411:
15 years for a single murder (up to 20 years for several crimes)
1329:
1247:
Indefinite sentence (excl. preventive or psychiatric detainment)
933:
911:
907:
863:
843:
793:
690:
641:
except for Cuba, Peru, Argentina, Chile and the Mexican state of
599:
556:
533:
134:
4549:
Tas: Murder; treason; accessory after the fact guilty of treason
3395:
By president or governor of a state (depending on jurisdiction)
5091:
3079:
2952:
2844:
2535:
2485:
2324:
1867:: 16 years under normal circumstances, 20 years if gang-related
1606:
1507:
1128:
and life imprisonment in a meeting with representatives of the
903:
886:
879:
875:
871:
867:
823:
812:
706:
686:
626:
607:
529:
525:
521:
517:
325:
284:
124:
5038:§ 33, § 41] (in Danish). Retsinformation (Civilstyrelsen,
4712:
Jeugdsanctierecht in Europa: is uithandengeving een evidentie?
3528:(PDF). Mothers Against Drunk Driving. May 2012. Archived from
2847:, depending on the number of crimes and the crimes themselves
1491:
Parole by Conditional Release Commission or pardon by monarch
1136:
penal code in 2013, is just a variation of the death penalty.
37:"Life term" redirects here. For lifelong terms of office, see
5903:
5793:
art. 173 al. 1 let. k Constitution of the Swiss Confederation
4099:"How sentences are imposed - Canadian Victims Bill of Rights"
3934:[A statute installed in 1822 and abolished in 1928].
3498:"How sentences are imposed - Canadian Victims Bill of Rights"
3152:
2925:
Attempt of genocide if resulting in death, rape or mutilation
2826:
2288:
1943:
12 years for court release; any time for presidential pardon
1665:
890:
855:
851:
777:
603:
583:
568:
513:
5580:"How Long Is Life Imprisonment in Singapore? And Other FAQs"
5391:
For details of new rulings from Mexican Supreme Court, see:
4097:
Government of Canada, Department of Justice (23 July 2015).
3496:
Government of Canada, Department of Justice (23 July 2015).
2528:
No (Fully abolished in 1979, constitutional ban since 2014)
4917:"Section 2 The President of the People's Republic of China"
3833:
3478:
List of people sentenced to more than one life imprisonment
3192:
2615:
Genocide during wartime, inhumane treatment during wartime
2002:
Yes (for adults between 18 and 21 only if tried as adults)
1300:
Life imprisonment in Australia § State and territories
548:
119:
5395:"Wanted Fugitive Raul Gomez Garcia Extradited to the U.S."
4199:"Court Bars Mandatory Life Terms for Juveniles in Murders"
3906:"25 anos de prisão. A história da pena máxima em Portugal"
1976:: Life with reduced minimum of 10 years for parole request
1241:
Minimum to serve before eligibility for requesting parole
1132:. He also stated that life imprisonment, removed from the
5906:"Fury over ruling that could see Attracta's killer freed"
3862:
3859:"El Constitucional avala la prisión permanente revisable"
3628:"Florida school mass shooter sentenced to life in prison"
3887:
THE PORTUGUESE PENAL CODE, GENERAL PART (ARTICLES 1–130)
3348:) can be used to grant amnesty like the rest of the UK.
2147:
offences where the maximum penalty is life imprisonment
1628:
High treason, first-degree murder, second-degree murder
648:
In many countries around the world, particularly in the
4958:
Varstvoslovje, Journal of Criminal Justice and Security
1046:, sentenced to life imprisonment for bank robbery, 1935
637:
also have maximum imprisonment lengths, as well as all
2967:
Before 2006: Never (unless pardoned by the government)
5369:(in Portuguese). Imprensa Oficial. 14 November 1995.
5312:"Lebanese Revolution? Death Sentence For Wife Beater"
5271:"Just what can the President of Ireland actually do?"
4174:. Catholic News Service. 25 June 2012. Archived from
2690:(imposition of death not allowed for minors below 18)
4602:"Royal Prerogative of Mercy and statutory referrals"
4149:
4147:
4145:
4143:
4096:
3571:
McLaughlin, Eliott C.; Brown, Pamela (August 2013).
3495:
2731:
Aggravated murder, genocide, terrorism, war crimes,
2495:
Life imprisonment only under military criminal code
30:"Life sentence" redirects here. For other uses, see
5114:"Oikeuslaitos – Imprisonment and community service"
5026:
5024:
5022:
3932:"Una figura instaurada en 1822 y eliminada en 1928"
516:under which the convicted criminal is to remain in
4569:Crimes (Sentencing) Act 2005 (ACT) section 133G(4)
2810:: max. 10 years of imprisonment in juvenile prison
2795:Terrorism, drug offenses, crimes against humanity
2627:Pardon by president, amnesty by act of parliament
1350:Yes but only if clemency is rejected by president
1307:Life imprisonment in Australia § Commonwealth
5531:
4323:"Abdul Nasir bin Amer Hamsah v Public Prosecutor"
4140:
2612:No; replaced by 25 years' imprisonment at age 60
1646:: Yes, but only if juvenile is sentenced as adult
6240:
5904:Deborah McAleese; Emily Moulton (28 June 2008).
5019:
4944:
4942:
3523:"Penalties for Drunk Driving Vehicular Homicide"
3036:10 years or 15 years; individually set by judge
1071:In 2012, the Supreme Court ruled in the case of
5973:International perspectives on life imprisonment
4721:Jura falconis, jg 44, 2007–2008, nr 1, pp. 3–38
4498:, Senate Community Affairs References Committee
3570:
3267:Under 18: Detention for an indeterminate period
1190:Abdul Nasir bin Amer Hamsah v Public Prosecutor
1090:In 2016 the Supreme Court ruled in the case of
1053:was a significant case in juvenile justice. In
4921:Constitution of the People's Republic of China
2656:Yes, for offenders of unsound mind; see also:
2418:from the monarch can rescind a life sentence.
1342:15 years (Imprisonment for a definite period)
5995:
4939:
4674:"Уголовный кодекс Азербайджанской Республики"
4591:Sentencing Act 1991 (Victoria) Section 18A(1)
4465:. Disabled People's Organisations Australia.
4197:Liptak, Adam; Bronner, Ethan (25 June 2012).
4196:
3986:"Bulgaria – Criminal codes – Legislationline"
3761:"US States Fail to Protect Children's Rights"
1217:
520:for the rest of their natural life (or until
482:
5931:"Neutral Citation No.[2008] NICA 27"
5268:
5139:
5462:"6 Nigerian Soldiers Bag Life Imprisonment"
5062:"Estonian Penal Code (English translation)"
4857:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. 2 May 2013.
4760:"Criminal code of the Republic of Bulgaria"
3747:"Juvenile Life Without Parole: An Overview"
3324:in 1998 (became applicable in three cases:
2299:25 years (30 in exceptional circumstances)
1197:
747: Life imprisonment is a legal penalty.
6002:
5988:
5826:"Indeterminate extended and life sentence"
5309:
4784:
4620:"section 18 of the Austrian criminal code"
1224:
1210:
639:Spanish-speaking countries in the Americas
489:
475:
4697:extract from the Belgian Official Journal
4419:
3603:"Snapshot: Australia's longest sentences"
3209:Amnesty by royal decree (by means of the
2733:recidivism of certain aggravated offenses
1313:Federal, NSW, QLD, WA, SA, Tas, NT: Yes;
1253:Other crimes with possible life sentence
742:Life imprisonment laws around the world:
723:University of San Francisco School of Law
5537:
4353:"Oriental Hotel murder | Infopedia"
4317:
4315:
4313:
2738:espionage, assaulting a public official
1244:Maximum length of sentence (under life)
1037:
737:
5238:Report. Determination of life sentences
4240:. Catholic News Service. Archived from
3883:
3824:
3822:
3206:cannot be given to offenders under 21.
1982:By president, Helsinki Court of Appeal
997:Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
14:
6241:
5726:from the original on 29 December 2015.
4469:from the original on 26 February 2019.
4420:Abu Baker, Jalelah (16 January 2015).
4115:
3853:
3851:
3723:. Human Rights Watch. 2 October 2009.
3122:: No, automatic reduction if mandatory
2198:Aggravated murder, terrorism, treason
1130:International Association of Penal Law
1013:Life imprisonment in the United States
836:Life imprisonment in England and Wales
6009:
5983:
5885:from the original on 10 February 2018
5716:"Svensk författningssamling 1974:152"
5694:"Svensk författningssamling 1962:700"
5373:from the original on 21 February 2009
5249:
4927:from the original on 10 November 2017
4897:from the original on 10 February 2018
4662:from the original on 5 February 2015.
4608:from the original on 16 January 2019.
4310:
4236:Rocca, Francis X. (23 October 2014).
4235:
4128:from the original on 15 December 2013
4052:Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group
3344:(in accordance with the principle of
1420:Crimes against the state, war crimes
5560:from the original on 31 January 2013
5554:"Criminal Code of Romania, art. 109"
5519:from the original on 31 January 2013
5269:O'Mahony, Conor (4 September 2018).
4951:"Prisoner Rehabilitation in Croatia"
4871:from the original on 9 February 2018
3924:
3819:
3374:Varies by state; 99 years in Alaska
2658:The President's Pleasure (Singapore)
1788:30 or more years if part of sentence
898:possible by clemency granted by the
5850:from the original on 6 October 2017
5513:"Criminal Code of Romania, art. 55"
5464:. ConnectAfrica. 19 November 2008.
5299:from the original on 14 April 2014.
3848:
1064:Graham's case was presented to the
759: Life imprisonment is illegal.
24:
5704:from the original on 23 June 2015.
5318:from the original on 14 April 2014
5054:
4797:from the original on 28 March 2014
4766:from the original on 25 March 2012
4626:from the original on 22 March 2012
4451:Crimes Act (Cth) section 19AG 3(a)
4432:from the original on 21 March 2018
3277:) alone or with act of Parliament
3213:) alone or with act of Parliament
3180:Imprisonment for public protection
1640:: maximum 10 years of imprisonment
1290:Immigration detention in Australia
1187:The appeal of Abdul Nasir, titled
1066:Supreme Court of the United States
1019:Supreme Court of the United States
25:
6280:
5966:
5542:. Universul Juridic. p. 198.
5468:from the original on 18 July 2011
5409:"Mexico alters extradition rules"
5347:from the original on 11 June 2016
5152:BVerfG, 22 May 1995, 2 BvR 671/95
5138:sec. 57a(1) German Criminal Code
4997:from the original on 25 July 2011
4748:(in Portuguese). 23 January 2020.
4604:. Attorney-General's Department.
4508:Crimes Act 1900 (NSW) section 19B
3903:
3654:
3583:from the original on 10 June 2017
3069:By Federal Assembly (Parliament)
2338:for murder involving kidnapping)
1405:Yes, but only for men aged 18–65
1124:called for the abolition of both
5945:
5923:
5897:
5871:
5862:
5836:
5818:
5796:
5787:
5766:
5757:
5748:
5739:
5730:
5708:
5686:
5671:
5662:
5653:
5644:
5635:
5626:
5617:
5170:sec. 211(1) German Criminal Code
4785:Justice BC (11 September 2013).
4217:from the original on 27 May 2017
4116:Savage, David G. (17 May 2010).
3727:from the original on 8 June 2011
3404:
3357:
3286:
3231:
3222:
3151:
3144:
3136:
3078:
3022:
2951:
2825:
2768:
2708:
2636:
2591:
2534:
2484:
2427:
2368:
2323:
2281:
2216:
2174:
2115:
2073:
1991:
1929:
1882:
1825:
1767:
1705:
1664:
1605:
1542:
1500:
1438:
1393:
1328:
1268:
1006:
958:This section is an excerpt from
943:
402:
5608:
5599:
5590:
5572:
5546:
5505:
5480:
5454:
5428:
5385:
5359:
5330:
5303:
5281:
5262:
5243:
5231:
5213:
5203:
5194:
5185:
5173:
5164:
5155:
5146:
5132:
5106:
5080:
5009:
4983:
4909:
4883:
4845:
4827:
4809:
4778:
4752:
4734:
4724:
4702:
4687:
4666:
4638:
4612:
4594:
4585:
4573:
4562:
4522:
4512:
4501:
4489:
4486:, Tasmania Law Reform Institute
4473:
4455:
4444:
4413:
4388:
4363:
4345:
4292:
4274:
4256:
4229:
4190:
4164:
4109:
4076:
4058:
4040:
4026:
4000:
3978:
3952:
3897:
3877:
3801:
3779:
3753:
3739:
3713:
3165:15 years or longer (maximum of
1259:Pardon, amnesty, other release
1235:Jurisdiction (link to details)
1116:
61:Criminal trials and convictions
5776:art. 25 Juvenile Criminal Code
4153:Drinan, C. H. (2012, March). "
3693:
3671:
3648:
3620:
3595:
3564:
3539:
3515:
3489:
3437:No life imprisonment sentence
3434:No life imprisonment sentence
3431:No life imprisonment sentence
3428:No life imprisonment sentence
3419:Varies, depending on sentence
3171:Secretary of State for Justice
3001:: max 14 years of imprisonment
2624:: max. 20 years' imprisonment
2341:Varies, depending on sentence
2314:No life imprisonment sentence
2311:No life imprisonment sentence
2308:No life imprisonment sentence
2305:No life imprisonment sentence
2296:Varies, depending on sentence
2249:international humanitarian law
2106:No life imprisonment sentence
2103:No life imprisonment sentence
2100:No life imprisonment sentence
2097:No life imprisonment sentence
2088:Varies, depending on sentence
1810:: max. 10 years' imprisonment
1758:No life imprisonment sentence
1731:No life imprisonment sentence
1728:No life imprisonment sentence
1719:Varies, depending on sentence
1536:Yes, but only in times of war
1533:No life imprisonment sentence
1527:No life imprisonment sentence
1524:No life imprisonment sentence
1515:Varies, depending on sentence
1426:: max. 10 years' imprisonment
1159:Life imprisonment in Singapore
993:(2022 SCC 23), as contrary to
927:European Court of Human Rights
351:Sexually violent predator laws
32:Life Sentence (disambiguation)
13:
1:
5632:§ 433(2) Slovak Criminal Code
5623:§ 419(2) Slovak Criminal Code
5614:§ 418(3) Slovak Criminal Code
5596:§ 144(3) Slovak Criminal Code
5367:"Código Penal – Art. 1 a 100"
3940:(in Spanish). 21 January 2020
3473:Capital punishment by country
3264:Under 12: Cannot be convicted
3258:Any other common law offence
3186:for an indeterminite period.
2753:: max. 15 years' imprisonment
2051:: maximum of 15 years or life
1485:: max. 30 years' imprisonment
1479:: max. 14 years' imprisonment
1378:: max. 20 years' imprisonment
1372:: max. 15 years' imprisonment
1366:: max. 10 years' imprisonment
1027:Cruel and unusual punishments
770:
733:
635:Portuguese-speaking countries
5830:Prisoners' Families Helpline
5763:art. 266 Swiss Criminal Code
5754:art. 264 Swiss Criminal Code
5745:art. 185 Swiss Criminal Code
5736:art. 112 Swiss Criminal Code
5650:§ 47(2) Slovak Criminal Code
5310:Ari Yashar (28 March 2014).
5161:sec. 38 German Criminal Code
3893:. verbojuridico. p. 12.
3884:Ramalho, Énio (2016). "II".
3636:. Singapore. 3 November 2022
3063:: max. 4 years' imprisonment
2914:Carried out by member(s) of
2350:Murder involving kidnapping
1182:Court of Appeal of Singapore
1152:
1096:that the rulings imposed by
709:, penitentiary specialists,
678:2012 Aurora theater shooting
244:Cruel and unusual punishment
7:
5116:. Oikeus.fi. Archived from
4396:"The Best I Could S1 – EP6"
3446:
1746:: Only educational measures
1696:By courts and by president
1169:Abdul Nasir bin Amer Hamsah
1139:
967:Life imprisonment in Canada
960:Life imprisonment in Canada
10:
6285:
5659:§ 117 Slovak Criminal Code
4791:Youth Criminal Justice Act
4699:advocaat.be 17 March 2013.
3338:royal prerogative of mercy
3322:referendum-based agreement
3320:General release through a
3302:Individually set by judge
3275:royal prerogative of mercy
3246:Individually set by judge
3211:royal prerogative of mercy
3109:
3101:
2025:
1671:People's Republic of China
1654:royal prerogative of mercy
1304:
1297:
1156:
1010:
957:
715:human rights organizations
446: English/Welsh courts
43:
36:
29:
6055:
6017:
5032:"Straffeloven § 33, § 41"
4787:"Maximum Youth Sentences"
3398:Yes (depending on state)
3346:parliamentary sovereignty
3184:at His Majesty's pleasure
2868:, his/her spouse, or the
2153:age 10–11: rape or murder
1147:Federal Court of Malaysia
952:
787:
676:, the perpetrator of the
668:, the perpetrator of the
5289:"Article 549 Penal Code"
3912:(in European Portuguese)
3483:
3342:act of the UK Parliament
2901:Of a person suffering a
1256:Under age of 18 (or 21)
1198:Overview by jurisdiction
713:, but most of all among
100:Presumption of innocence
44:Not to be confused with
6036:Indefinite imprisonment
5846:. Scottish Government.
5419:3 December 2005 at the
5397:US Embassy in Mexico.
4762:. Legislationline.org.
4717:3 February 2012 at the
3990:www.legislationline.org
3679:"Laws of Other Nations"
3463:Indefinite imprisonment
3368:Yes (except in Alaska)
2931:, if resulting in death
2929:Crimes against humanity
2275:No (abolished in 1998)
2260:: No criminal penalties
1964:: No criminal penalties
1761:No (abolished in 1991)
1658:No (abolished in 1976)
1387:No (abolished in 1968)
1093:Montgomery v. Louisiana
985:Supreme Court of Canada
923:King of the Netherlands
721:States. According to a
262:Indefinite imprisonment
46:Indefinite imprisonment
5682:Official State Gazette
5584:Singapore Legal Advice
5225:Citizensinformation.ie
5140:
5088:"Finnish criminal law"
4993:. Business.center.cz.
4893:. Dui Hua Foundation.
3813:life-imprisonment.html
3124:
2813:
2756:
2698:President of Singapore
2693:
2579:
2409:: no life imprisonment
2266:: No life imprisonment
2245:president of Lithuania
1740:: cannot be prosecuted
1652:Yes, but only through
1578:: cannot be prosecuted
1473:: cannot be prosecuted
1047:
798:Bosnia and Herzegovina
767:
685:circumstances such as
321:Miscarriage of justice
5720:Riksdagsförvaltningen
5698:Riksdagsförvaltningen
5538:Mitrache, C. (2010).
5293:english.al-akhbar.com
4991:"Czech Criminal Code"
4694:(in French and Dutch)
4357:eresources.nlb.gov.sg
4159:Washington Law Review
3791:sentencingproject.org
3535:on 23 September 2013.
3468:List of prison deaths
3117:
2843:, 25 to 35 years for
2798:
2741:
2673:
2564:
2519:No criminal penalties
2498:No life imprisonment
1041:
741:
703:Abdelbaset al-Megrahi
346:Sex offender registry
66:Rights of the accused
6041:Mandatory sentencing
5221:"Types of sentences"
4840:Criminal Records Act
4835:Criminal Records Act
3706:27 June 2015 at the
2582:Pardon by president
2469:no life imprisonment
1920:Pardon by president
1105:Jones v. Mississippi
895:President of Austria
809:Constitutional Court
695:humanitarian grounds
670:Port Arthur massacre
432:English/Welsh courts
360:Related areas of law
6264:Crime-related lists
5959:. 28 November 2017.
5781:14 May 2010 at the
5401:15 May 2007 at the
5068:on 4 September 2015
5040:Ministry of Justice
4306:. 14 November 2023.
4288:. 14 November 2023.
3809:"Life imprisonment"
3797:on 18 October 2013.
3767:. 13 September 2022
3189:Murder and treason
2898:Of a minor under 16
2839:18 to 22 years for
1250:Mandatory sentence
1231:
917:Before 2016 in the
341:Restorative justice
27:Criminal punishment
6046:Suspended sentence
6031:Custodial sentence
6026:Capital punishment
5941:on 22 August 2011.
5832:. 8 February 2011.
5806:. 11 December 2020
5586:. 1 February 2021.
5440:www.rechtspraak.nl
5250:Gallagher, Conor.
5094:. 10 December 2018
4244:on 24 October 2014
4203:The New York Times
4008:"Krivični zakonik"
3996:on 7 October 2017.
3960:"Krivični zakonik"
3765:Human Rights Watch
3667:on 9 January 2016.
2911:Together with rape
2870:heir to the Throne
2679:: no imprisonment
2063:minister-president
2045:: maximum 10 years
1785:20 years generally
1590:: maximum 12 years
1557:20 years or never
1238:Life imprisonment
1202:
1126:capital punishment
1048:
1029:", in the case of
995:section 12 of the
971:Corrections Canada
900:President of Malta
768:
727:Human Rights Watch
612:aircraft hijacking
561:illegal drug trade
545:resulting in death
231:Capital punishment
223:Dangerous offender
110:Self-incrimination
55:Criminal procedure
6249:Life imprisonment
6236:
6235:
6011:Life imprisonment
5910:Belfast Telegraph
5540:Drept penal român
5036:Danish Penal Code
4622:. Ris.bka.gv.at.
4426:The Straits Times
4286:The Straits Times
4268:The Straits Times
4122:Los Angeles Times
4103:www.justice.gc.ca
3502:www.justice.gc.ca
3444:
3443:
3204:Whole life orders
3158:England and Wales
3057:: no imprisonment
2907:medical condition
2804:: no imprisonment
2747:: no imprisonment
2667:culpable homicide
2570:: no imprisonment
2403:: no imprisonment
2059:federal president
1861:: no imprisonment
1584:: maximum 3 years
1310:State laws vary.
1099:Miller v. Alabama
1074:Miller v. Alabama
1051:Graham v. Florida
1032:Graham v. Florida
828:England and Wales
817:three-strikes law
565:human trafficking
502:Life imprisonment
499:
498:
374:Criminal defenses
316:Habitual offender
267:Three-strikes law
257:Life imprisonment
236:Execution warrant
105:Exclusionary rule
16:(Redirected from
6276:
6254:Sentencing (law)
6004:
5997:
5990:
5981:
5980:
5961:
5960:
5949:
5943:
5942:
5937:. Archived from
5927:
5921:
5920:
5918:
5916:
5901:
5895:
5894:
5892:
5890:
5875:
5869:
5866:
5860:
5859:
5857:
5855:
5840:
5834:
5833:
5822:
5816:
5815:
5813:
5811:
5800:
5794:
5791:
5785:
5774:
5770:
5764:
5761:
5755:
5752:
5746:
5743:
5737:
5734:
5728:
5727:
5712:
5706:
5705:
5690:
5684:
5675:
5669:
5666:
5660:
5657:
5651:
5648:
5642:
5639:
5633:
5630:
5624:
5621:
5615:
5612:
5606:
5603:
5597:
5594:
5588:
5587:
5576:
5570:
5569:
5567:
5565:
5550:
5544:
5543:
5535:
5529:
5528:
5526:
5524:
5509:
5503:
5502:
5500:
5498:
5484:
5478:
5477:
5475:
5473:
5458:
5452:
5451:
5449:
5447:
5432:
5426:
5389:
5383:
5382:
5380:
5378:
5363:
5357:
5356:
5354:
5352:
5334:
5328:
5327:
5325:
5323:
5307:
5301:
5300:
5285:
5279:
5278:
5266:
5260:
5259:
5247:
5241:
5235:
5229:
5228:
5217:
5211:
5207:
5201:
5198:
5192:
5189:
5183:
5177:
5171:
5168:
5162:
5159:
5153:
5150:
5144:
5143:
5136:
5130:
5129:
5127:
5125:
5110:
5104:
5103:
5101:
5099:
5084:
5078:
5077:
5075:
5073:
5064:. Archived from
5058:
5052:
5051:
5049:
5047:
5028:
5017:
5013:
5007:
5006:
5004:
5002:
4987:
4981:
4980:
4978:
4976:
4955:
4946:
4937:
4936:
4934:
4932:
4913:
4907:
4906:
4904:
4902:
4887:
4881:
4880:
4878:
4876:
4849:
4843:
4831:
4825:
4813:
4807:
4806:
4804:
4802:
4782:
4776:
4775:
4773:
4771:
4756:
4750:
4749:
4738:
4732:
4728:
4722:
4710:
4706:
4700:
4695:
4691:
4685:
4684:
4682:
4680:
4670:
4664:
4663:
4661:
4650:
4642:
4636:
4635:
4633:
4631:
4616:
4610:
4609:
4598:
4592:
4589:
4583:
4577:
4571:
4566:
4560:
4526:
4520:
4516:
4510:
4505:
4499:
4493:
4487:
4483:
4477:
4471:
4470:
4459:
4453:
4448:
4442:
4441:
4439:
4437:
4417:
4411:
4410:
4408:
4406:
4392:
4386:
4385:
4383:
4381:
4367:
4361:
4360:
4349:
4343:
4342:
4340:
4338:
4333:on 26 April 2012
4329:. Archived from
4319:
4308:
4307:
4296:
4290:
4289:
4278:
4272:
4271:
4260:
4254:
4253:
4251:
4249:
4233:
4227:
4226:
4224:
4222:
4194:
4188:
4187:
4185:
4183:
4168:
4162:
4157:on the Ground".
4151:
4138:
4137:
4135:
4133:
4113:
4107:
4106:
4094:
4088:
4087:
4080:
4074:
4073:
4062:
4056:
4055:
4044:
4038:
4037:
4030:
4024:
4023:
4021:
4019:
4004:
3998:
3997:
3992:. Archived from
3982:
3976:
3975:
3973:
3971:
3956:
3950:
3949:
3947:
3945:
3928:
3922:
3921:
3919:
3917:
3901:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3881:
3875:
3874:
3872:
3870:
3865:. 6 October 2021
3855:
3846:
3845:
3843:
3841:
3826:
3817:
3816:
3805:
3799:
3798:
3793:. Archived from
3783:
3777:
3776:
3774:
3772:
3757:
3751:
3750:
3743:
3737:
3736:
3734:
3732:
3717:
3711:
3697:
3691:
3690:
3689:on 27 June 2015.
3685:. Archived from
3675:
3669:
3668:
3663:. Archived from
3652:
3646:
3645:
3643:
3641:
3624:
3618:
3617:
3615:
3613:
3599:
3593:
3592:
3590:
3588:
3568:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3557:
3551:nationmaster.com
3543:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3527:
3519:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3508:
3493:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3385:Varies by state
3371:Varies by state
3362:
3361:
3295:Northern Ireland
3292:United Kingdom:
3291:
3290:
3237:
3235:
3234:
3228:United Kingdom:
3227:
3226:
3167:whole life order
3156:
3155:
3149:
3148:
3142:United Kingdom:
3141:
3140:
3083:
3082:
3027:
3026:
2956:
2955:
2830:
2829:
2774:
2772:
2771:
2713:
2712:
2696:Clemency by the
2641:
2640:
2597:
2595:
2594:
2539:
2538:
2489:
2488:
2433:
2431:
2430:
2373:
2372:
2328:
2327:
2287:
2285:
2284:
2222:
2220:
2219:
2180:
2178:
2177:
2139:Murder, treason
2121:
2119:
2118:
2079:
2077:
2076:
2039:: no prosecution
1996:
1995:
1934:
1933:
1888:
1886:
1885:
1830:
1829:
1773:
1771:
1770:
1710:
1709:
1669:
1668:
1610:
1609:
1548:
1546:
1545:
1506:
1504:
1503:
1443:
1442:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1333:
1332:
1273:
1272:
1232:
1226:
1219:
1212:
1206:
1201:
1084:Eighth Amendment
1023:Eighth Amendment
764:
758:
752:
746:
573:financial crimes
491:
484:
477:
463:
455:
447:
442:
434:
426:
407:
406:
306:Criminal justice
160:Directed verdict
51:
50:
21:
6284:
6283:
6279:
6278:
6277:
6275:
6274:
6273:
6239:
6238:
6237:
6232:
6051:
6050:
6013:
6008:
5969:
5964:
5951:
5950:
5946:
5935:courtsni.gov.uk
5929:
5928:
5924:
5914:
5912:
5902:
5898:
5888:
5886:
5877:
5876:
5872:
5867:
5863:
5853:
5851:
5842:
5841:
5837:
5824:
5823:
5819:
5809:
5807:
5802:
5801:
5797:
5792:
5788:
5783:Wayback Machine
5772:
5771:
5767:
5762:
5758:
5753:
5749:
5744:
5740:
5735:
5731:
5714:
5713:
5709:
5692:
5691:
5687:
5676:
5672:
5667:
5663:
5658:
5654:
5649:
5645:
5640:
5636:
5631:
5627:
5622:
5618:
5613:
5609:
5604:
5600:
5595:
5591:
5578:
5577:
5573:
5563:
5561:
5556:(in Romanian).
5552:
5551:
5547:
5536:
5532:
5522:
5520:
5515:(in Romanian).
5511:
5510:
5506:
5496:
5494:
5486:
5485:
5481:
5471:
5469:
5460:
5459:
5455:
5445:
5443:
5434:
5433:
5429:
5421:Wayback Machine
5403:Wayback Machine
5390:
5386:
5376:
5374:
5365:
5364:
5360:
5350:
5348:
5341:e-seimas.lrs.lt
5336:
5335:
5331:
5321:
5319:
5308:
5304:
5287:
5286:
5282:
5267:
5263:
5256:The Irish Times
5248:
5244:
5236:
5232:
5219:
5218:
5214:
5208:
5204:
5199:
5195:
5190:
5186:
5178:
5174:
5169:
5165:
5160:
5156:
5151:
5147:
5141:Strafgesetzbuch
5137:
5133:
5123:
5121:
5120:on 25 June 2009
5112:
5111:
5107:
5097:
5095:
5086:
5085:
5081:
5071:
5069:
5060:
5059:
5055:
5045:
5043:
5030:
5029:
5020:
5014:
5010:
5000:
4998:
4989:
4988:
4984:
4974:
4972:
4953:
4947:
4940:
4930:
4928:
4915:
4914:
4910:
4900:
4898:
4889:
4888:
4884:
4874:
4872:
4865:
4851:
4850:
4846:
4832:
4828:
4814:
4810:
4800:
4798:
4783:
4779:
4769:
4767:
4758:
4757:
4753:
4746:Jornal Nacional
4740:
4739:
4735:
4729:
4725:
4719:Wayback Machine
4708:
4707:
4703:
4693:
4692:
4688:
4678:
4676:
4672:
4671:
4667:
4659:
4653:penalreform.org
4648:
4644:
4643:
4639:
4629:
4627:
4618:
4617:
4613:
4600:
4599:
4595:
4590:
4586:
4578:
4574:
4567:
4563:
4527:
4523:
4517:
4513:
4506:
4502:
4494:
4490:
4481:
4478:
4474:
4461:
4460:
4456:
4449:
4445:
4435:
4433:
4418:
4414:
4404:
4402:
4394:
4393:
4389:
4379:
4377:
4371:"True Files S3"
4369:
4368:
4364:
4351:
4350:
4346:
4336:
4334:
4321:
4320:
4311:
4298:
4297:
4293:
4280:
4279:
4275:
4270:. 3 April 2023.
4262:
4261:
4257:
4247:
4245:
4234:
4230:
4220:
4218:
4195:
4191:
4181:
4179:
4178:on 30 June 2013
4170:
4169:
4165:
4152:
4141:
4131:
4129:
4114:
4110:
4095:
4091:
4082:
4081:
4077:
4064:
4063:
4059:
4046:
4045:
4041:
4032:
4031:
4027:
4017:
4015:
4012:www.paragraf.rs
4006:
4005:
4001:
3984:
3983:
3979:
3969:
3967:
3964:www.paragraf.rs
3958:
3957:
3953:
3943:
3941:
3930:
3929:
3925:
3915:
3913:
3902:
3898:
3890:
3882:
3878:
3868:
3866:
3857:
3856:
3849:
3839:
3837:
3836:. 26 March 2015
3828:
3827:
3820:
3807:
3806:
3802:
3785:
3784:
3780:
3770:
3768:
3759:
3758:
3754:
3745:
3744:
3740:
3730:
3728:
3719:
3718:
3714:
3708:Wayback Machine
3698:
3694:
3677:
3676:
3672:
3653:
3649:
3639:
3637:
3626:
3625:
3621:
3611:
3609:
3601:
3600:
3596:
3586:
3584:
3569:
3565:
3555:
3553:
3545:
3544:
3540:
3532:
3525:
3521:
3520:
3516:
3506:
3504:
3494:
3490:
3486:
3449:
3405:
3403:
3381:Varies by state
3356:
3293:
3285:
3270:
3232:
3230:
3229:
3221:
3150:
3143:
3135:
3114:
3106:
3077:
3066:
3021:
3010:
2950:
2920:Multiple murder
2916:organized crime
2824:
2769:
2767:
2707:
2635:
2592:
2590:
2533:
2522:
2483:
2472:
2463:no imprisonment
2428:
2426:
2367:
2322:
2282:
2280:
2269:
2217:
2215:
2175:
2173:
2159:
2116:
2114:
2074:
2072:
2054:
2030:
1990:
1979:
1928:
1883:
1881:
1870:
1824:
1791:
1768:
1766:
1755:
1704:
1663:
1649:
1604:
1593:
1543:
1541:
1501:
1499:
1488:
1437:
1394:
1392:
1381:
1343:
1327:
1309:
1302:
1267:
1230:
1204:
1200:
1161:
1155:
1142:
1119:
1044:Burton Phillips
1015:
1009:
1004:
1003:
990:R v Bissonnette
963:
955:
946:
790:
773:
766:
762:
760:
756:
754:
750:
748:
744:
736:
580:property damage
495:
466:
458:
453:Canadian courts
450:
445:
440:Scottish courts
437:
429:
421:
413:
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388:
369:Civil procedure
355:
276:Post-sentencing
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129:
115:Double jeopardy
49:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
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5:
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5967:External links
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5090:(in Finnish).
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4964:(2): 143–162.
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4655:. p. 50.
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2026:Main article:
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2020:
2017:
2014:
2013:
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1971:
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1775:Czech Republic
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1358:
1354:
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1324:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1315:Vic, ACT: No
1311:
1305:Main article:
1298:Main article:
1295:
1292:
1288:Yes See also:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1264:
1263:
1262:Death penalty
1260:
1257:
1254:
1251:
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1245:
1242:
1239:
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1228:
1221:
1214:
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1199:
1196:
1174:Oriental Hotel
1157:Main article:
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1118:
1115:
1011:Main article:
1008:
1005:
964:
956:
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938:rehabilitation
858:activities or
832:United Kingdom
802:prison reforms
789:
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711:criminologists
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409:Law portal
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336:Rehabilitation
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63:
62:
58:
57:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6281:
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6267:
6265:
6262:
6260:
6257:
6255:
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6230:
6229:United States
6227:
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6215:
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6210:
6207:
6205:
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6000:
5998:
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5991:
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5970:
5958:
5957:El Observador
5954:
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5907:
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5884:
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5874:
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5805:
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5733:
5725:
5721:
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5703:
5699:
5695:
5689:
5683:
5679:
5678:Criminal Code
5674:
5665:
5656:
5647:
5638:
5629:
5620:
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5602:
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5585:
5581:
5575:
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5508:
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5489:
5483:
5467:
5463:
5457:
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5407:
5404:
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5396:
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5339:
5333:
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5306:
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5284:
5276:
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5265:
5257:
5253:
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5239:
5234:
5226:
5222:
5216:
5206:
5197:
5188:
5182:
5176:
5167:
5158:
5149:
5142:
5135:
5119:
5115:
5109:
5093:
5089:
5083:
5067:
5063:
5057:
5041:
5037:
5033:
5027:
5025:
5023:
5012:
4996:
4992:
4986:
4971:
4967:
4963:
4959:
4952:
4945:
4943:
4926:
4922:
4918:
4912:
4896:
4892:
4886:
4870:
4866:
4860:
4856:
4855:
4848:
4841:
4837:
4836:
4830:
4823:
4822:Criminal Code
4819:
4818:
4817:Criminal Code
4812:
4796:
4792:
4788:
4781:
4765:
4761:
4755:
4747:
4743:
4737:
4727:
4720:
4716:
4713:
4705:
4698:
4690:
4675:
4669:
4658:
4654:
4647:
4641:
4625:
4621:
4615:
4607:
4603:
4597:
4588:
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4570:
4565:
4555:
4551:
4548:
4547:
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4536:
4533:
4529:
4528:
4525:
4515:
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4504:
4497:
4492:
4485:
4476:
4468:
4464:
4458:
4452:
4447:
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4427:
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4416:
4401:
4397:
4391:
4376:
4372:
4366:
4358:
4354:
4348:
4332:
4328:
4324:
4318:
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4305:
4301:
4295:
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4204:
4200:
4193:
4177:
4173:
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4160:
4156:
4150:
4148:
4146:
4144:
4127:
4123:
4119:
4112:
4104:
4100:
4093:
4085:
4079:
4071:
4067:
4061:
4053:
4049:
4043:
4035:
4029:
4013:
4009:
4003:
3995:
3991:
3987:
3981:
3965:
3961:
3955:
3939:
3938:
3933:
3927:
3911:
3907:
3900:
3889:
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3702:
3696:
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3684:
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3674:
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3658:
3651:
3635:
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3598:
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3574:
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3397:
3394:
3391:
3387:
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3364:United States
3360:
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3350:
3347:
3343:
3339:
3335:
3331:
3327:
3323:
3319:
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3311:Murder, rape
3310:
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3298:
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3242:
3240:
3225:
3220:
3219:
3215:
3212:
3208:
3205:
3201:
3198:
3197:armed robbery
3194:
3191:
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3185:
3181:
3178:
3175:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3154:
3147:
3139:
3134:
3133:
3129:
3127:By president
3126:
3123:
3121:
3116:
3113:
3108:
3105:
3100:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3088:
3086:
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2892:
2888:
2885:
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2877:
2876:head of state
2873:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2862:
2860:
2859:Assassination
2857:
2856:
2855:
2852:
2849:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2835:
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2828:
2823:
2822:
2818:
2816:By president
2815:
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2803:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2791:
2788:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2766:
2765:
2761:
2759:By president
2758:
2752:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2736:
2734:
2730:
2727:
2724:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2699:
2695:
2689:
2688:death penalty
2685:
2682:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2672:
2668:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2655:
2652:
2649:
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2644:
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2608:
2605:
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2575:
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2307:
2304:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2279:
2278:
2274:
2272:By president
2271:
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2259:
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2253:
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2246:
2242:
2239:
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2233:
2230:
2227:
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2214:
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2207:By president
2206:
2203:
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2194:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2172:
2171:
2167:
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2161:
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2112:
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2105:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2081:Guinea-Bissau
2071:
2070:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1926:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1872:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1822:
1818:
1816:
1812:
1809:
1806:
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1799:
1796:
1793:
1787:
1784:
1783:
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1618:
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1603:
1602:
1598:
1596:By president
1595:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1540:
1539:
1535:
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1529:
1526:
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1509:
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1497:
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1490:
1484:
1481:
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1469:
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1466:
1463:
1460:
1457:
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1451:
1448:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1429:By president
1428:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1391:
1390:
1386:
1384:By president
1383:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1362:
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1352:
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1346:
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1331:
1326:
1325:
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1318:
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1014:
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1001:
999:
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986:
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980:Criminal Code
974:
972:
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944:South America
941:
939:
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924:
920:
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765: Unknown
740:
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718:
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700:
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675:
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667:
666:Martin Bryant
664:, Australia,
663:
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651:
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644:
640:
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632:
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623:United States
619:
617:
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597:
593:
589:
585:
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574:
570:
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550:
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428:
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370:
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359:
358:
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349:
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342:
339:
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319:
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314:
312:
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299:
296:
293:
291:
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286:
283:
282:
280:
279:
275:
274:
268:
265:
263:
260:
258:
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253:
250:
249:
245:
242:
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237:
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232:
229:
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6194:South Africa
6010:
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5947:
5939:the original
5934:
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5909:
5899:
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5864:
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5838:
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5439:
5436:"Levenslang"
5430:
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5118:the original
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5066:the original
5056:
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5011:
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4985:
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4331:the original
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4242:the original
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4176:the original
4166:
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4121:
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4069:
4066:"Levenslang"
4060:
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4028:
4016:. Retrieved
4014:(in Serbian)
4011:
4002:
3994:the original
3989:
3980:
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3966:(in Serbian)
3963:
3954:
3942:. Retrieved
3935:
3926:
3914:. Retrieved
3909:
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3879:
3867:. Retrieved
3838:. Retrieved
3812:
3803:
3795:the original
3790:
3781:
3769:. Retrieved
3755:
3741:
3729:. Retrieved
3715:
3695:
3687:the original
3682:
3673:
3665:the original
3661:mecon.gov.ar
3660:
3650:
3638:. Retrieved
3631:
3622:
3610:. Retrieved
3606:
3597:
3585:. Retrieved
3576:
3566:
3554:. Retrieved
3550:
3541:
3530:the original
3517:
3505:. Retrieved
3501:
3491:
3389:
3119:
3118:
3060:
3054:
3004:
2998:
2995:: no penalty
2992:
2895:Murder, if:
2807:
2801:
2750:
2744:
2683:
2676:
2674:
2621:
2573:
2567:
2516:
2466:
2460:
2416:royal decree
2406:
2400:
2289:Macau, China
2263:
2257:
2156:age 12+: yes
2048:
2042:
2036:
1973:
1967:
1961:
1904:
1864:
1858:
1807:
1749:
1743:
1737:
1643:
1637:
1587:
1581:
1575:
1482:
1476:
1470:
1423:
1375:
1369:
1363:
1314:
1189:
1186:
1179:
1162:
1143:
1134:Vatican City
1122:Pope Francis
1120:
1117:Vatican City
1110:
1103:
1097:
1091:
1089:
1072:
1070:
1063:
1059:
1055:Jacksonville
1050:
1049:
1030:
1016:
996:
988:
978:
975:
965:
947:
931:
916:
884:
830:(within the
821:
806:
791:
774:
719:
698:
682:Nikolas Cruz
674:James Holmes
656:
653:
650:Commonwealth
647:
620:
510:imprisonment
501:
500:
379:Criminal law
301:Life licence
256:
252:Imprisonment
85:Speedy trial
6209:Switzerland
6159:New Zealand
6154:Netherlands
5773:(in French)
5564:14 December
5523:14 December
5377:17 February
5098:26 December
4842:at CanLii)
4824:at CanLii)
4248:19 February
4072:(in Dutch).
4018:3 September
3970:3 September
3944:29 December
3840:29 December
3029:Switzerland
2375:Netherlands
1205:This box:
1079:Elena Kagan
1042:Mugshot of
1025:'s ban on "
919:Netherlands
840:Netherlands
542:child abuse
311:Exoneration
39:Life tenure
6243:Categories
5492:lovdata.no
5442:(in Dutch)
5179:sec. 6(1)
4975:1 December
4931:9 February
4864:9004234454
4709:(in Dutch)
4436:11 January
4337:31 January
4304:Malay Mail
3916:13 January
3910:Observador
3771:11 October
3640:3 November
3453:10-20-Life
2971:prisoner).
2903:disability
2874:A foreign
2145:common law
1401:Azerbaijan
771:By country
734:World view
592:kidnapping
588:hate crime
577:aggravated
331:Recidivism
205:Guidelines
170:Sentencing
155:Not proven
145:Conviction
90:Jury trial
75:Fair trial
6184:Singapore
6064:Australia
4970:1580-0253
4901:2 January
4875:2 January
4211:0362-4331
3869:9 October
3683:usfca.edu
3507:26 August
3422:45 years
3092:25 years
2850:30 years
2783:25 years
2722:25 years
2650:20 years
2643:Singapore
2606:20 years
2551:30 years
2517:Under 15:
2336:Chihuahua
2231:25 years
2224:Lithuania
2189:10 years
2164:president
2130:12 years
1897:30 years
1839:12 years
1815:president
1794:30 years
1722:40 years
1518:40 years
1408:25 years
1353:Genocide
1303:Federal:
1275:Australia
1165:Singapore
1153:Singapore
1111:mandatory
860:terrorism
811:in 2021.
643:Chihuahua
567:, severe
553:espionage
538:terrorism
461:UK courts
424:US courts
290:Probation
200:Discharge
190:Custodial
185:Suspended
180:Mandatory
150:Acquittal
80:Pre-trial
6269:Duration
6259:Penology
6189:Slovakia
6022:See also
5915:17 April
5883:Archived
5848:Archived
5779:Archived
5724:Archived
5702:Archived
5558:Archived
5517:Archived
5472:3 August
5466:Archived
5446:2 August
5417:Archived
5413:BBC News
5399:Archived
5371:Archived
5345:Archived
5322:17 April
5316:Archived
5297:Archived
5240:ihrec.ie
5124:3 August
5001:30 March
4995:Archived
4925:Archived
4895:Archived
4869:Archived
4801:17 April
4795:Archived
4770:30 March
4764:Archived
4715:Archived
4679:26 March
4657:Archived
4630:30 March
4624:Archived
4606:Archived
4580:eManuals
4467:Archived
4430:Archived
4380:21 April
4215:Archived
4182:17 April
4132:17 April
4126:Archived
3731:3 August
3725:Archived
3710:", 2008.
3704:Archived
3607:SBS News
3581:Archived
3447:See also
3314:Robbery
3239:Scotland
3120:under 18
3055:under 15
2993:under 15
2887:Genocide
2880:diplomat
2841:furlough
2802:under 16
2776:Slovenia
2745:under 14
2715:Slovakia
2677:under 14
2622:under 18
2568:under 15
2461:under 7:
2401:under 12
2258:Under 14
2037:Under 14
1962:Under 15
1905:de facto
1859:under 15
1738:under 14
1690:Various
1576:under 14
1550:Bulgaria
1471:under 12
1364:under 16
1140:Malaysia
848:Bulgaria
782:Portugal
699:de facto
662:Tasmania
631:Portugal
616:genocide
596:burglary
522:pardoned
506:sentence
384:Evidence
218:Totality
195:Periodic
6129:Ireland
6124:Iceland
6119:Hungary
6109:Germany
6099:Finland
6094:Denmark
6089:Croatia
6074:Belgium
6069:Austria
6059:Albania
5889:10 July
5854:10 July
5210:itself.
4405:12 July
4400:meWATCH
4327:Webcite
3937:El País
3655:Mecon.
3412:Uruguay
3390:de jure
3336:). The
2941:Cabinet
2866:monarch
2792:Murder
2599:Romania
2435:Nigeria
2182:Lebanon
2123:Ireland
1998:Germany
1952:Murder
1936:Finland
1890:Estonia
1832:Denmark
1712:Croatia
1464:Murder
1445:Belgium
1357:people
1335:Austria
1192:SGCA 38
934:Albania
912:Ukraine
908:Moldova
864:Ukraine
844:Moldova
838:), the
794:Croatia
707:lawyers
691:amnesty
600:robbery
557:treason
534:torture
526:paroled
504:is any
393:Portals
135:Verdict
95:Counsel
6219:Turkey
6214:Taiwan
6204:Sweden
6179:Serbia
6174:Russia
6169:Poland
6164:Norway
6149:Mexico
6134:Israel
6114:Greece
6104:France
6079:Canada
5497:4 July
5351:21 May
5092:Finlex
5072:6 July
5046:17 May
4968:
4861:
4375:Toggle
4221:12 May
4209:
4155:Graham
3612:3 June
3587:12 May
3556:3 July
3409:
3340:or an
3236:
3085:Taiwan
2958:Sweden
2845:parole
2773:
2596:
2541:Poland
2491:Norway
2442:Never
2432:
2382:Never
2330:Mexico
2286:
2221:
2179:
2120:
2078:
1887:
1772:
1612:Canada
1547:
1508:Brazil
1505:
1398:
953:Canada
904:France
887:Sweden
880:Serbia
878:, and
876:Russia
872:Turkey
868:Poland
834:; see
824:Europe
813:Serbia
788:Europe
763:
757:
751:
745:
687:pardon
627:Canada
614:, and
608:piracy
530:murder
518:prison
512:for a
459:
451:
438:
422:
326:Pardon
297:
295:Tariff
285:Parole
125:Appeal
6199:Spain
6144:Japan
6139:Italy
6084:China
5810:7 May
5034:[
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3891:(PDF)
3633:Today
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3484:Notes
3388:Yes (
3305:None
3176:None
3095:None
3061:15–17
3045:None
3039:None
3005:18–20
2999:15–17
2982:None
2976:None
2832:Spain
2808:16–17
2786:None
2751:14–17
2725:None
2684:14–17
2653:None
2609:None
2574:15-18
2557:None
2467:7-18:
2445:None
2407:12–18
2391:None
2385:None
2353:None
2264:14–17
2240:None
2234:None
2201:Rape
2192:None
2133:None
2049:18–21
2043:14–18
2016:None
1974:18–20
1968:15–17
1946:None
1910:None
1903:Yes (
1900:None
1865:15–17
1842:none
1808:15–18
1800:None
1750:16–17
1744:14-16
1638:12-13
1622:None
1588:16-18
1582:14-16
1566:None
1560:None
1483:16–17
1477:12–15
1461:None
1455:None
1424:14–17
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1376:18–20
1370:16–17
1347:None
1285:None
902:. In
891:Italy
856:mafia
852:Italy
778:Spain
657:facto
604:theft
584:arson
569:fraud
514:crime
210:Guilt
5917:2014
5891:2017
5856:2017
5812:2021
5566:2012
5525:2012
5499:2024
5474:2011
5448:2019
5379:2009
5353:2016
5324:2014
5126:2011
5100:2018
5074:2013
5048:2019
5003:2012
4977:2010
4966:ISSN
4933:2018
4903:2018
4877:2018
4859:ISBN
4803:2014
4772:2012
4681:2019
4632:2012
4553:drug
4438:2021
4407:2020
4382:2020
4339:2021
4250:2015
4223:2017
4207:ISSN
4184:2014
4134:2014
4020:2022
3972:2022
3946:2020
3918:2021
3871:2021
3842:2020
3834:RTVE
3773:2022
3733:2011
3642:2022
3614:2021
3589:2017
3558:2023
3509:2023
3377:Yes
3299:Yes
3252:Yes
3243:Yes
3193:Rape
3162:Yes
3130:Yes
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2962:Yes
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1563:Yes
1554:Yes
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1279:Yes
1225:edit
1218:talk
1211:view
796:and
625:and
571:and
549:rape
120:Bail
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3863:EFE
3577:CNN
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3416:No
3351:No
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3308:No
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3072:No
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2085:No
2061:or
2057:By
2019:No
1985:No
1923:No
1876:No
1848:No
1819:No
1813:By
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1687:No
1684:No
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