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stripes or rattan laced with bearskin. They also wear ornaments that include earrings, necklaces made of beads, and bamboo plugs inserted into the ear lobe. The Lhoba women wear narrow-sleeved blouses and skirts of sheep's wool. The weight of the ornaments the womenfolk wear is a symbol of their
484:
The Idu houses are divided into a number of rooms for use of every married person. Unmarried girls and boys sleep in separate rooms. A fireplace occupies the centre of the room, round which the inmates sleep. The Idu are polygamous and each wife has their own rooms in the house. The family is
492:
The wooden pillow of the master of the house is considered taboo to the inmates of the house as it is considered improper to sit upon it. Guests are not allowed to enter the room of the master of the house. The animal skulls preserved in the house are considered to be sacred.
559:
branches. In the past, when there was no writing, the Lhobas kept track of history through telling their descendants and tying knot codes about their past. Their literature poses a significant influence on their
Tibetan counterparts. They are known as
443:
Lhobas, with respect to the
Chinese perception of Southern Tibet (administered by India as Arunachal Pradesh), have been part of Chinese documentary films and articles. This has been criticised as propaganda by India-based commentators such as
612:) and captured game for farm tools, salt, wool, clothing, grain and tea from Tibetan traders. As a result of this constant trading, they have been increasingly influenced by the Tibetans in their dress. Many Lhobas have converted to
662:
There are four funeral variants among the Yidu Lhoba (Idu Mishmi), and people of different social status would choose to conduct any of the variants. In all variants, an Igu priest would recite mourning songs for the dead.
367:
It is not currently known whether modern-day Lhoba peoples in fact inhabited Luoyu at the time of
Tibetan conquest, nor whether languages spoken by modern-day Lhoba peoples are indigenous to this region or not. While most
568:. They follow the genealogy counting from Abotani as Nijum-Jumsi-Siki-Kiyor-Yorkar-Kardung-Duram-Ramdung/Ramgu/Ramgo. All Bokar groups have originated from Ramdung, Ramgo and Ramgu. Their immediate brothers are
701:, buttered tea and spicy food. Heavy drinkers and smokers, at celebrations the Lhobas sing and drink wine to celebrate good harvests and good luck. Buttered tea is their favorite drink. However, due to lack of
473:
costume. The Idu men wear a sword and waterproof cane helmet, and a chignon on their hair and shields made of buffalo hide. Yidu weaponry includes straight
Tibetan sword, dagger, bow and poisoned arrows.
709:. Many are either born deaf or mute. Their population declined until recently due to this disease, and due to their low population, many either intermarry with Tibetans or with the tribal groups of
532:, sweet potato etc. Animal flesh is considered taboo to Idu woman. The Yidu also consume "Yu", a locally brewed rice beer, and rice beer prepared by a woman during her period is taboo to a priest.
832:
1353:
1108:
961:, p. 255Nem Singh applies this name Lhoba to the people of the Pemako country near the great elbow of the Tsangpo, where Kinthup also met them and found them the same as Nain Singh
659:, who are traditionally believed to control the peace and prosperity of the people. Celebration with great fanfare and the performance of priest dances marks the end of the festival.
387:, speak different languages, and do not traditionally self-identify as a single entity. The two main tribal groups which fall under the designation "Lhoba" in the TAR are the
1443:
535:
The Idu calendar was based upon the menstrual period of the women and dating is done by untying one each from a number of knots put on a piece of string. Traditional village
469:
wealth, which includes shells, silver coins, iron chains bells, silver and brass earrings. Both sexes usually go barefooted. Their dress are quite similar to the
564:" in Arunachal Pradesh of northeast India and are found in the Pidi and Monigong circles of Arunachal Pradesh. They trace their origin from a common forefather,
2585:
1368:
895:
1421:
652:
577:
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Lhoba boys are trained to hunt at an early age. Women have low status in society and have no inheritance rights from their husbands or fathers.
644:. The stories about immigration are told along the banks of twelve rivers in the Dibang valley, the clustered area known as Cheithu-Huluni. The
573:
314:. Lhobas are one of the smallest ethnic minority groups in China. Numbering 4,237 people, they make up about 0.1% of the population of the
1053:
637:
1363:
1083:
357:
331:
1343:
1226:
1046:"Sub-Regional Relations in the Eastern South Asia: With Special Focus on India's North Eastern Region. Chapter 2: Arunachal Pradesh"
1372:
457:
500:
is the mainstay of the Idus, and clearing of land is carried for every three to five years. The important crops they raise are
481:), one of the sub-tribes is the Bebejia Mishmi. Bebejia Mishmi women are expert weavers and make excellent coats and blouses.
1338:
1253:
The
Relevance of Indigenous Knowledge System of the Galo of Arunachal Pradesh in Sustainable Development of Forest Resources
1414:
89:
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61:
1301:
1280:
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1004:
853:
108:
68:
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point to a traditional homeland in or around this region, there is currently no independent means of verification.
935:
1407:
1142:
Bradley, David (2007). "Language
Endangerment in China and Mainland Southeast Asia". In Matthias Brenzinger, ed.
793:, Tayin, or Tain (formerly Digaru Mishmi) in northeastern India. Many of them have migrated from China to India.
1430:
307:
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1109:"China usurps Northeastern tribe to corner India, prove Arunachal Pradesh as part of Tibet"
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82:
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The majority of Lhoba(Bokar)in India have now been converted to
Christianity. Most are
384:
292:
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and the
Hengduan Mountains at an elevation of 1000 meters. Bradley (2007) reports 800
360:
is now the name of an area in Tibet, while Lower Lhoyü is part of the Indian state of
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The area nowadays inhabited by the modern Lhoba people was known in medieval texts as
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186:
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The McMahon Line: A Study in the
Relations Between India, China and Tibet, 1904–1914
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Many customs, habits and dress of different clan members may vary. The Lhoba men in
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1231:(Doctor of Philosophy in Linguistics thesis). University of California at Berkeley.
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wear knee-length black jackets without sleeves and buttons made out of sheep's
414:
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218:
174:
2301:
2182:
907:
Lhoba is what
Tibetans call the people living in Lhoyu. It means 'southerners'
489:
principles. The inheritance of a widow is exceptional compared to a mother's.
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1228:
A Historical-Comparative Study of the Tani (Mirish) Branch in Tibeto-Burman
754:
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206:
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beliefs, which traditionally have deep roots in the tiger. Others, remain
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Lhoba cuisine varies across regions. Staple foods are dumplings made of
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2136:
2091:
2010:
1995:
1912:
1878:
1871:
1795:
1500:
1469:
1220:. Vol. 2. London: Routledge & K. Paul – via archive.org.
432:
Other groups identified by Chinese authorities as "Lhoba" include the
364:. Luoyu came under the control of Tibet from the 7th century onwards.
1802:
1614:
1602:
1333:
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by millet maize and tapioca. They also take leafy vegetables, beans,
464:. They wear helmet-like hats either made from bearskin or woven from
135:
24:
2005:
1945:
1918:
1275:. New York: Facts on Files. Infobase Publishing. pp. 463–464.
766:
617:
418:
288:
833:
Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China
2355:
2057:
2045:
2035:
2015:
1975:
1965:
1960:
1955:
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in India) in China, one village in Burma where they are known as
656:
621:
565:
509:
202:
1195:
Baker, Ian; et al. (National Geographic-sponsored) (2004).
843:
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2020:
1980:
1950:
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745:: Dèng Rén) are not officially recognised by the government of
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variant of the funeral, which lasts for three to four days.
702:
645:
521:
505:
501:
461:
1197:
The Heart of the World: A Journey to the Last Secret Place
620:
monasteries, frequently blending it with their indigenous
1293:
China's Ethnic Minorities: Social and Economic Indicators
867:
865:
599:
539:(abbala) settle all internal disputes within the tribe.
383:(TAR) actually refer to themselves via a diverse set of
379:
Most people designated as "Lhoba" within the modern-day
1169:. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. p. 79.
976:
1190:. The Hauge: Martinus Nijhoff – via archive.org.
1084:"Ten thousand methods to safeguard India's rich tribe"
862:
693:
starch. In places near Tibetan communities people eat
677:
The Lhoba enjoy a subtropical/warm temperate climate.
1063:
952:
648:
traditionally believe in a supreme god named "Inni".
230:
598:, trading goods like animal hides, musk, bear paws,
1187:
Early Jesuit Travellers In Central Asia (1603-1721)
1044:Sinha, AC (February 2005). Murayama, Mayumi (ed.).
1025:
964:
636:; the pilgrimage centre of their community lies at
496:The slash and burn method of cultivation, known as
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1364:Articles on the tribal groups of Arunachal Pradesh
1256:(Thesis). Rajiv Gandhi University via Shodhganga.
912:
1013:
591:, although other denominations are also present.
2572:
936:"The Hidden Kingdom of Pemako ...hidden no more"
844:Caidan An; Jun Liu; Jinhui Li; Tao Xie (2003).
1272:Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania
1239:The Adis: A Study of their History and Culture
994:
737:transcription of Taraon-Kaman languages: 代巴玫;
421:, who are found in far greater numbers inside
1415:
1245:(Thesis). Jawaharlal Nehru College, Pasighat.
396:
2586:Ethnic groups officially recognized by China
1378:
781:(Chinese: Geman Deng; known as the Kaman or
1429:
1422:
1408:
1269:West, Barbara A. (2009). "Lhoba (Luoba)".
757:of Myanmar. They live in nine villages in
594:The Lhoba engage in barter trade with the
306:officially recognised Lhoba as one of the
134:
128:(Bokaer, Luoba, Lhopa, Loba, Yidu, Bengru)
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1225:Sun, Tianshin Jackson (15 August 1993).
1183:
958:
542:
2573:
689:or millet flour, rice or buckwheat or
263:) is any of a diverse amalgamation of
1403:
1235:
1194:
1160:
1106:
1043:
1019:
970:
918:
334:region. The name means "southerners".
1395:Asia harvest profile – Puroik/Sulung
1268:
1249:
1213:
1081:
1031:
930:
898:from the original on 15 January 2020
882:
880:
871:
765:and virgin forest areas between the
616:in recent years as they traded with
451:
146:Regions with significant populations
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
2550:Unrecognized ethnic groups in China
1289:
1224:
1069:
982:
655:are celebrated to appease the mold
13:
1385:Asia harvest profile – Bagar Lhoba
894:. Ministry of Culture, P.R.China.
372:tribespeople living in modern-day
267:tribespeople living in and around
14:
2597:
1390:Asia harvest profile – Yidu Lhoba
1312:
1050:Institute of Developing Economies
877:
2555:Immigrant ethnic groups in China
1339:Unreached People prayer profiles
1059:from the original on 2007-10-30.
720:
152:
23:
1136:
1125:
1107:Mohan, Geeta (17 August 2017).
1100:
1075:
1037:
988:
775:(Chinese: Darang Deng) and 200
34:needs additional citations for
1344:Compiling the Tibetan folktale
1146:. New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
1082:Arpi, Claude (3 August 2017).
924:
837:
826:
803:
397:
251:
1:
1144:Language diversity endangered
819:
321:
7:
330:for the inhabitants of the
271:, a region in southeastern
231:
10:
2602:
1153:
749:. They are related to the
747:People's Republic of China
680:
477:Among the Yidu Lhoba (Idu
413:, and the speakers of the
339:
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1379:Ethnic profile references
1369:Funeral of the Idu Mishmi
260:
240:
217:
212:
201:
196:
173:
168:
150:
145:
133:
2525:Local ethnic nationalism
1444:recognized ethnic groups
1179:– via archive.org.
848:. 五洲传播出版社. p. 123.
845:
796:
606:or botanically known as
425:, a state of modern-day
1359:Idu Mishmi ritual dance
1214:Lamb, Alastair (1966).
999:. 五洲传播出版社. p. 23.
995:Xiaoming Zhang (2004).
888:"Lhoba Ethnic Minority"
381:Tibet Autonomous Region
316:Tibet Autonomous Region
2560:Historic ethnic groups
1431:Ethnic groups in China
1354:UNESCO Cultural centre
1290:Guo, Rongxing (2013).
1250:Riba, Bomchak (2009).
705:, they suffer endemic
667:are sacrificed in the
628:, especially those in
229:(English translation:
1324:Lhoba ethnic minority
1161:Stein, R. A. (1972).
985:, p. x, Preface.
940:Indian Defence Review
846:西藏旅游指南英: Travel Guide
438:Bangni-Tagin language
326:Lhoba is the Tibetan
265:Sino-Tibetan-speaking
213:Related ethnic groups
16:Ethnic group of Tibet
1329:Ethnic Groups-Lhobas
1184:Wessels, C. (1924).
1165:Tibetan Civilization
543:Culture and religion
43:improve this article
1349:Idu Arts and Crafts
1236:Nyori, Tai (1987).
892:en.chinaculture.org
602:(locally knowns as
547:Lhoba people speak
411:Idu Mishmi language
130:
874:, p. 463–464.
651:Festivals such as
429:claimed by China.
393:simplified Chinese
304:Chinese government
124:
2568:
2567:
1737:
1736:
1072:, p. Chap 1.
753:of Yunnan or the
711:Arunachal Pradesh
630:Arunachal Pradesh
526:food supplemented
452:Customs and dress
423:Arunachal Pradesh
409:), who speak the
374:Arunachal Pradesh
362:Arunachal Pradesh
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187:Tibetic languages
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1296:. Routledge.
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997:China's Tibet
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634:Donyi-Poloism
632:, who follow
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415:Bokar dialect
412:
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394:
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389:Mishmi people
386:
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371:
365:
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356:, ལྷོ༌ཡུལ་).
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293:Lhünzê County
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60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
2474:
2468:Kaifeng Jews
2424:
2417:
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1933:
1911:
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1814:Austronesian
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1522:Lolo-Burmese
1499:
1485:
1468:
1452:Sino-Tibetan
1439:
1292:
1271:
1262:10603/255361
1252:
1238:
1227:
1216:
1196:
1186:
1164:
1143:
1138:
1127:
1116:. Retrieved
1112:
1102:
1091:. Retrieved
1087:
1077:
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1049:
1039:
1027:
1015:
996:
990:
978:
966:
959:Wessels 1924
954:
943:. Retrieved
939:
932:Arpi, Cluade
926:
919:Stein (1972)
914:
906:
900:. Retrieved
891:
839:
828:
810:
805:
786:
776:
770:
755:Taron people
743:Hanyu pinyin
730:
726:
724:
684:
676:
673:
668:
661:
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607:
603:
593:
586:
578:Libo/Pailibo
551:language of
546:
534:
495:
491:
483:
476:
455:
442:
434:Tagin people
431:
406:
401:;
378:
366:
353:
349:
345:
343:
335:
325:
302:In 1965 the
301:
287:counties of
250:
226:
225:
207:Christianity
164:3,682 (2010)
121:Ethnic group
105:
99:October 2014
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2312:Fuyu Kyrgyz
1373:photographs
1199:. Penguin.
1113:India Today
1088:The Pioneer
783:Miju Mishmi
763:Zayu County
727:Deng people
589:Pentecostal
487:patriarchal
446:Claude Arpi
232:Southerners
2575:Categories
2518:chauvinism
2497:Pakistanis
2480:Chaoxianzu
2092:Sogwo Arig
2011:Muumyangan
1996:Khishigten
1844:Hmong-Mien
1796:Vietnamese
1440:Underlined
1319:The Lhopas
1118:2021-02-08
1093:2021-02-08
1020:Nyori 1987
971:Baker 2004
945:2021-02-08
902:2021-02-08
820:References
789:, and the
275:including
179:Idu Mishmi
69:newspapers
2396:Armenians
2317:Ili Turks
1913:Dongxiang
1609:Qixingmin
1493:subgroups
1481:Chuanqing
1442:: the 56
1032:Lamb 1966
872:West 2009
778:kɯ˧˩mɑn˧˥
772:ta˧˩ʒuaŋ˥
767:Himalayas
691:sago palm
638:Atho-Popu
626:animistic
537:panchayat
322:Etymology
169:Languages
2581:Nyingchi
2487:Macanese
2458:Japanese
2419:Russians
2401:Iranians
2297:Altaians
2234:Tungusic
2006:Khuuchid
2001:Khorchin
1991:Kharchin
1946:Abaganar
1919:Hamnigan
1890:Mongolic
1822:Filipino
1639:Gyalrong
1070:Sun 1993
1054:Archived
983:Guo 2013
896:Archived
699:potatoes
618:Buddhist
596:Tibetans
419:Abo Tani
385:endonyms
289:Nyingchi
277:Mainling
197:Religion
191:Mandarin
2506:Related
2476:Koreans
2453:Indians
2406:Nepalis
2376:Western
2356:Uyghurs
2257:Manchus
2148:Tai Nua
2143:Tai Lue
2116:Kra–Dai
2104:Eastern
2086:Monguor
2058:Onnigud
2046:Torghut
2036:Khoshut
2026:Dzungar
2016:Naimans
1986:Khalkha
1976:Jalaids
1966:Chahars
1961:Buryats
1956:Baarins
1935:Mongols
1924:Kangjia
1828:Gaoshan
1684:Tibetan
1663:Tibetic
1626:Qiangic
1573:Laomian
1512:Waxiang
1507:Longjia
1461:Sinitic
1154:Sources
787:Taraung
739:Chinese
735:Chinese
681:Cuisine
665:Mithuns
657:deities
622:animist
566:Abotani
510:tapioca
471:Tibetan
354:lho-yul
340:History
237:Chinese
219:Tibetan
203:Animism
83:scholar
2492:Nivkhs
2441:Others
2432:Wakhis
2363:Uzbeks
2350:Tuvans
2330:Kyrgyz
2323:Kazakh
2289:Turkic
2271:Oroqen
2243:Evenks
2223:Zhuang
2195:Qabiao
2177:Maonan
2131:Buyang
2125:Bouyei
2021:Oirats
1981:Jaruud
1971:Gorlos
1951:Aohans
1929:Khatso
1834:Utsuls
1789:Ta'ang
1714:Jingpo
1707:Derung
1694:Others
1678:Sherpa
1578:Laopin
1561:Kucong
1531:Achang
1476:Caijia
1334:PROPEL
1300:
1279:
1203:
1173:
1003:
852:
791:Taraon
741:: 僜人;
731:Dengba
707:goiter
695:tsampa
557:Mishmi
514:millet
479:Mishmi
466:bamboo
403:pinyin
328:exonym
269:Pemako
261:ལྷོ་པ།
249::
247:pinyin
239::
157:
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
2530:Minzu
2411:Daman
2370:Yugur
2344:Tatar
2337:Salar
2307:Dolan
2278:Sibes
2264:Nanai
2249:Solon
2189:Mulao
2163:Gelao
2098:Yugur
2073:Sunud
2063:Ordos
2031:Khoid
1941:Abaga
1899:Bonan
1864:Hmong
1852:Gejia
1783:Pakan
1763:Kunge
1758:Bolyu
1752:Blang
1728:Tujia
1721:Lhoba
1672:Monpa
1652:Qiang
1634:Baima
1596:Nakhi
1590:Mosuo
1243:(PDF)
1057:(PDF)
811:Luoba
809:Also
797:Notes
759:Tibet
715:Monpa
687:maize
604:tamen
582:Tagin
562:Bokar
530:gourd
518:maize
502:paddy
458:Luoyu
427:India
358:Lhoyü
350:Luoyu
346:Lhoyü
332:Lhoyü
312:China
281:Medog
273:Tibet
252:Luòbā
227:Lhoba
175:Bokar
160:China
125:Lhoba
90:JSTOR
76:books
2463:Jews
2302:Äynu
2217:Yang
2205:Shan
2183:Nùng
2156:Dong
2078:Urad
2041:Olot
1906:Daur
1858:Miao
1778:Mang
1768:Khmu
1701:Deng
1645:Pumi
1584:Lisu
1567:Lahu
1555:Jino
1548:Hani
1542:Bisu
1537:Akha
1298:ISBN
1277:ISBN
1201:ISBN
1171:ISBN
1001:ISBN
850:ISBN
729:(or
725:The
703:salt
646:Yidu
640:the
580:and
574:Ramo
570:Galo
555:and
553:Tani
522:Rice
516:and
506:arum
498:Jhum
462:wool
407:Yìdū
370:Tani
348:(or
291:and
285:Zayü
283:and
62:news
2211:Sui
2200:Rau
2137:Dai
1879:Yao
1872:She
1773:Lai
1501:Hui
1487:Han
1470:Bai
1258:hdl
761:'s
669:Yah
653:Reh
600:dye
417:of
310:in
295:of
189:,
183:Adi
45:by
2577::
2170:Li
1803:Wa
1615:Yi
1603:Nu
1371:,
1111:.
1086:.
1048:.
938:.
905:.
890:.
879:^
864:^
733:,
717:.
697:,
584:.
576:,
572:,
520:.
512:,
508:,
504:,
448:.
440:.
405::
398:义都
395::
352:,
318:.
299:.
279:,
259::
255:;
245:;
242:珞巴
235:;
205:,
185:,
181:,
177:,
140:珞巴
2482:)
2478:(
1423:e
1416:t
1409:v
1306:.
1285:.
1264:.
1260::
1209:.
1121:.
1096:.
1022:.
1009:.
948:.
858:.
560:"
391:(
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
