274:
327:
599:
later caused the
Seniorate Province to pass to Przemysł II. However, he was deposed soon thereafter (1291) on behalf of King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia, who claimed Poland. Having no legal grounds to reign, Wenceslaus II managed to obtain a document from his aunt Dowager Duchess Gryfina under which she ceded to him the district of Stary Sącz, which she finally received as her dower, with the doubtful inclusion of all of the Seniorate Province.
249:. Some chronicles even accused Euphrosyne of attempting to poison both stepsons. Leszek and Ziemomysł rebelled against their father and stepmother in 1261 (although the participation of Ziemomysł is debated in historiography). The revolt initially failed because the local nobility, dissatisfied with their adventurous policy, retired their support; however, thanks to the help of a coalition formed with
502:. Because it was on the road to Hungary, this district was strategic and important, and Leszek II considered it to be too valuable to be in her hands. However, another motive may have been that he wanted to give that land to his own wife Gryfina. During 1282-1283, the conflict came to its most dramatic stage, when Bishop Paweł (who fiercely supported Kinga's rights) was captured after a meeting at
494:, and Janusz Starża, voivode of Sandomierz. The dispute with Bishop Paweł began in the early 1280s, when Leszek II refused to approve the bishop's broad immunity. The widow of Bolesław, Kinga of Hungary, also had an important role in this conflict. According to her husband's will, she received the district of
362:
took place, in which the Opole-Racibórz army was defeated. At the end of
October, Bolesław made a retaliatory expedition against Opole-Racibórz; however, his forces were limited to destroy only specific areas of the duchy. In 1274 Władysław Opolski and Bolesław the Chaste decided to conclude a peace,
357:
The childlessness of Bolesław and his close cooperation with Leszek resulted in the latter's expectation to become his heir. The document of adoption was issued in 1265; eight years later, Władysław
Opolski organized a military expedition to Kraków because he refused to accept the adoption. On 4 June
598:
Leszek died on 30 September 1288 at Kraków and was buried in the local
Dominican Church of the Holy Trinity. After his death a violent dispute erupted among the main Piast rulers for the Seniorate Province. Eventually, Henryk IV Probus became the new high duke in 1289, but his sudden death one year
410:
On 7 December 1279 Bolesław the Chaste died. In accordance with his wishes, the duchies of Kraków and
Sandomierz were inherited by Leszek II, who became the new high duke. The succession took place without much difficulty, although it is probable that Leszek was forced to agree to a formal election
309:
rebelled against the pro-German policy of
Ziemomysł and called for Bolesław the Pious to be their new ruler. Ziemomysł, however, managed to kept the government until 1271, when Bolesław finally invaded the duchy forcing Ziemomysł to escape. Bolesław kept the district for two years, until 1273, when
535:
A more serious revolt took place three years later, in April 1285, when Otto
Toporczyk, voivode of Sandomierz, Janusz Starża, the former voivode and now castellan of Kraków, and Żegota, voivode of Kraków, raised an army against Leszek II, who having been taken by surprise was forced to escape to
519:
The government of Leszek also garnered opposition from the local knights, which would be surprising given the numerous times that they served the High Duke in his victorious expeditions. The first revolt took place in 1282, when the voivode Janusz Starża, using the absence of Leszek II, gave the
591:. This hypothesis is refuted by modern historiography because of the known bad relations between Leszek II, Przemysł II, and Henryk IV Probus during this period. On the other hand, the apparent national unification could have been a result of the growing cult to Saint
548:, where Leszek II, with the help of the Hungarians, obtained a great victory and forced the rebels to leave the country. After overcoming this opposition, Leszek II modified his local policies so that the government was more stable through the end of his reign.
434:
on 23 February, where the Polish forces (under the command of Peter, voivode of Kraków, and Janusz, voivode of
Sandomierz), forced Leo's army to flee. Later that year, Leszek organized a retaliatory expedition, which burned and destroyed the border areas up to
465:
river they clashed in a bloody battle. The
Yotvingians were slaughtered, and this defeat effectively destroyed the combat strength of the tribe. One year later, the Lithuanians made a retaliatory expedition, but Leszek was able to defeat them in the Battle of
576:, took place, causing Leszek to travel to Hungary and ask for help. This time, Lesser Poland was better prepared for the Mongol invasion than for the previous two incursions, with several more fortresses in Kraków and Sandomierz to defend the lands.
337:
After Leszek obtained his political independence in 1261, he rapidly established good relations with Bolesław the Chaste, ruler of Kraków and
Sandomierz. The two princes meet for the first time in 1260, on occasion of the expedition against the
281:
Leszek's rule as Duke of Sieradz lasted from 1261 until 1279. His new duchy was formed from one of the less populated lands in the country. However, the colonization policy which he pursued (including the foundation of cities like
506:
and imprisoned in Sieradz. The Bishop of Kraków only regained his freedom thanks to the consistent intervention of the Polish Church. A final settlement was signed on 30 November 1286 when Leszek agreed to pay Bishop Paweł 3,000
398:, Gryfina returned to her husband on 6 August 1275. Leszek then decided to follow a treatment from the well-known physician Mikołaj of Kraków. His prescription included eating frogs and snakes, because - as was stated in the
478:
Despite all of his military victories, Leszek's position within Kraków-Sandomierz was not that strong. During almost all of his reign he had to fight with internal opposition. The leading opponents to his rule were
40:
390:. The union was quite unhappy; in 1271 a scandal erupted when she fled to Kraków and publicly accused her husband of impotence, adding that for this reason their marriage had never been
241:. Leszek's stepmother soon caused conflicts in the family with her attempts to obtain territorial benefits for her own children. The eldest of them was the future Polish king
1009:
480:
430:, and besieged Sandomierz, which managed to resist. From that point Leszek was able to unite enough forces to repel the invasion. The final battle took place in
916:
363:
under which the former gave up his claims to the throne of Kraków in exchange for some territory adjacent to his duchy, stretching as far as the
1144:
1139:
310:
he gave it to Leszek, who was now unexpectedly Duke of Inowrocław. His government over this land lasted until 1278, when after a meeting at
808:
446:, which belonged to Henryk IV Probus. This was in response for the imprisonment of Leszek's ally, Przemysł II, after a meeting in probably
1393:
301:
In 1267 Casimir died, leaving his domains to his five sons. Leszek, as the oldest son and already in possession of Sieradz, only added
544:, which was defended by the faithful local burghers, led by High Duchess Gryfina. On 3 May 1285, a decisive battle took place in
1388:
1378:
394:. The reconciliation of the couple took place four years later, due to the intervention of Bolesław the Chaste and his wife,
1403:
503:
1398:
1114:
402:- "the lack of offspring caused a great abomination into the nation". Ultimately, Leszek and Gryfina never had children.
447:
579:
It is believed that Leszek II initiated a process for the unification of Poland. According to the theory of historian
311:
1134:
1308:
1049:
801:
17:
1119:
825:
1383:
1230:
608:
557:
528:. This rebellion was quickly suppressed, if it ever occurred at all (as the first information about it came from
242:
1333:
584:
418:, with the help of King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia, planned an invasion of Kraków. With the help of Lithuanians,
457:
invaded Lublin and plundered several villages. Because of this unexpected attack they were able to advance to
732:
1235:
540:. Fortunately for Leszek II, the rebels' candidate for the throne, Konrad II of Czersk, failed to take the
1184:
1024:
794:
592:
1323:
751:
1270:
1166:
583:, Leszek II called the First Piast Coalition, formed by four princes: Henryk IV Probus, Przemysł II,
450:. This expedition, besides the significant bounty it brought him, did not yield the expected result.
1079:
973:
485:
1161:
834:
545:
1084:
1029:
999:
250:
65:
1199:
989:
817:
705:
187:
984:
957:
778:
246:
203:
155:
1328:
1318:
1298:
979:
379:
351:
768:
667:
587:, and himself, on or about 1287, whose main purpose was to arrange the order of succession in
461:. Leszek, after the initial surprise, managed to pursue the invaders and somewhere beyond the
1368:
1260:
1189:
1059:
1054:
1034:
906:
741:
254:
761:
511:
as compensation for damages, return his property, and recognize the Bishopric's privileges.
258:
1373:
1303:
1240:
1222:
715:
525:
458:
199:
145:
91:
1154:
8:
1278:
1255:
1250:
1064:
1039:
695:
674:
234:
47:
491:
1293:
1207:
1074:
1018:
994:
967:
613:
343:
339:
238:
207:
1288:
1129:
387:
298:) and the close cooperation with the Church slowly changed the image of the district.
1313:
1212:
1069:
371:
123:
283:
273:
1094:
1044:
722:
561:
415:
347:
75:
326:
1124:
1109:
395:
383:
211:
359:
1283:
862:
508:
346:
inheritance. Leszek's participation in the war against Bohemia and its allies (
342:, which was part of a broader action during the Hungarian-Bohemian War for the
167:
135:
1099:
529:
315:
1362:
1245:
1176:
944:
643:
588:
580:
565:
375:
215:
39:
495:
306:
179:
686:
541:
302:
175:
934:
901:
454:
414:
The beginning of his reign was unfortunately not peaceful. Unexpectedly,
391:
354:) continued in later years, with particular intensity between 1271-1273.
331:
883:
569:
287:
183:
443:
431:
330:
A 19th-century depiction of Leszek the Black and his wife Gryfina, by
291:
952:
876:
848:
786:
245:. This was to the detriment of Leszek and his younger full-brother,
103:
924:
890:
869:
625:
573:
364:
295:
261:, Leszek eventually forced his father to give him the district of
962:
855:
537:
427:
419:
262:
171:
130:
929:
896:
841:
467:
423:
233:
In 1257 his mother died, and shortly after his father married
521:
499:
462:
318:
of Greater Poland, Leszek returned the duchy to his brother.
436:
166:(c. 1241 – 30 September 1288), was a Polish prince of the
453:
The following years were also not peaceful. In 1282 the
473:
532:, and strangely the voivode remained in his post).
230:, and was probably given to him for his dark hair.
321:
226:), appears for the first time in the 14th century
442:The following year, Leszek attacked the Duchy of
1360:
405:
422:, and some Russian principalities, Leo invaded
802:
314:on 24 August, and thanks to the mediation of
114:Dominican Church of the Holy Trinity, Kraków
1349:indicates monarch of questioned historicity
374:(also known as Agrippina), daughter of the
809:
795:
38:
101:30 September 1288 (aged 46–47)
325:
272:
14:
1361:
816:
790:
514:
190:of Poland from 1279 until his death.
24:
1394:Christians of the Prussian Crusade
474:Conflict with the Bishop of Kraków
305:. One year later, the citizens of
268:
198:Leszek was the eldest son of Duke
25:
1415:
182:in the years 1273-1278, Duke of
609:Poland during the Piast dynasty
322:Adoption by Bolesław the Chaste
551:
426:in February 1280, crossed the
193:
13:
1:
619:
520:fortresses of Sandomierz and
406:Duke of Kraków and Sandomierz
1379:13th-century Polish monarchs
1334:Stanisław August Poniatowski
7:
1404:People of Byzantine descent
1309:Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki
1050:Władysław III Spindleshanks
602:
10:
1420:
1399:13th-century Polish people
243:Władysław I the Elbow-high
1342:
1269:
1221:
1198:
1174:
1153:
1140:Dukes of Gdańsk Pomerania
1019:Senior or Supreme Princes
1008:
943:
915:
824:
775:
766:
758:
748:
739:
729:
720:
712:
702:
693:
683:
672:
664:
637:
151:
141:
129:
119:
109:
97:
85:
81:
71:
61:
53:
46:
37:
32:
1389:Dukes of Sieradz-Łęczyca
1135:Dukes of Sieradz-Łęczyca
733:Władysław the Elbow-high
593:Stanislaus of Szczepanów
1115:Dukes of Greater Poland
370:In 1265 Leszek married
1384:Polish Roman Catholics
1319:Augustus II the Strong
1236:Władysław III of Varna
1120:Dukes of Little Poland
1025:Władysław II the Exile
980:Casimir I the Restorer
974:Bolesław the Forgotten
380:Rostislav Mikhailovich
334:
278:
1261:Sigismund II Augustus
1231:Władysław II Jagiełło
1208:Louis I the Hungarian
1190:Casimir III the Great
1085:Bolesław V the Chaste
1060:Mieszko IV Tanglefoot
1030:Bolesław IV the Curly
1000:Bolesław III Wrymouth
907:Piast the Wheelwright
329:
276:
265:as a separate duchy.
255:Siemowit I of Masovia
251:Bolesław V the Chaste
202:and his second wife,
66:Bolesław V the Chaste
1304:John II Casimir Vasa
1223:Jagiellonian dynasty
1185:Władysław I Łokietek
985:Bolesław II the Bold
958:Bolesław I the Brave
639:Leszek II the Black
358:1273, the Battle of
200:Casimir I of Kuyavia
178:since 1267, Duke of
174:since 1261, Duke of
156:Constance of Wrocław
146:Casimir I of Kuyavia
1256:Sigismund I the Old
1200:Capet-Anjou dynasty
1090:Leszek II the Black
1080:Bolesław the Horned
1040:Casimir II the Just
1035:Mieszko III the Old
675:High Duke of Poland
668:Bolesław the Chaste
585:Henry III of Głogów
526:Konrad II of Czersk
411:as Duke of Kraków.
164:Leszek II the Black
48:High Duke of Poland
33:Leszek II the Black
27:High Duke of Poland
1294:Sigismund III Vasa
1145:Dukes of Pomerania
1075:Henry II the Pious
990:Władysław I Herman
968:Mieszko II Lambert
818:Monarchs of Poland
769:Duke of Inowrocław
762:Bolesław the Pious
696:Duke of Sandomierz
614:Nicholas of Poland
515:Knighthood revolts
481:Paweł of Przemyków
340:Kingdom of Bohemia
335:
279:
259:Bolesław the Pious
239:Casimir I of Opole
208:Henry II the Pious
1356:
1355:
1314:John III Sobieski
1299:Władysław IV Vasa
1271:Elective monarchy
1155:Přemyslid dynasty
1070:Henry the Bearded
785:
784:
776:Succeeded by
749:Succeeded by
730:Succeeded by
703:Succeeded by
684:Succeeded by
659:30 September 1288
556:In 1287-1288 the
352:Władysław Opolski
161:
160:
124:Gryfina of Halych
16:(Redirected from
1411:
1130:Dukes of Kuyavia
1125:Dukes of Masovia
1110:Dukes of Silesia
1095:Henryk IV Probus
1055:Władysław Odonic
1045:Leszek the White
811:
804:
797:
788:
787:
759:Preceded by
713:Preceded by
665:Preceded by
660:
653:
635:
634:
627:Leszek II Czarny
492:Bishop of Kraków
489:
416:Leo I of Galicia
348:Henryk IV Probus
228:Kronika Dzierzwy
218:. His nickname,
76:Henryk IV Probus
42:
30:
29:
21:
18:Leszek the Black
1419:
1418:
1414:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1409:
1408:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1352:
1338:
1289:Stephen Báthory
1279:Henry of Valois
1265:
1217:
1194:
1170:
1149:
1011:
1004:
939:
911:
820:
815:
781:
772:
764:
754:
745:
742:Duke of Łęczyca
735:
726:
723:Duke of Sieradz
718:
708:
699:
689:
680:
678:Duke of Kraków
677:
670:
654:
648:
647:
640:
622:
605:
554:
517:
483:
476:
459:Łopiennik Górny
408:
384:Ban of Slavonia
324:
271:
269:Duke of Sieradz
196:
115:
102:
92:Brześć Kujawski
90:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1417:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1350:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1337:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1284:Anna Jagiellon
1281:
1275:
1273:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1227:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1215:
1210:
1204:
1202:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1192:
1187:
1181:
1179:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1167:Wenceslaus III
1164:
1159:
1157:
1151:
1150:
1148:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1103:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1016:
1014:
1006:
1005:
1003:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
970:
965:
960:
955:
949:
947:
941:
940:
938:
937:
932:
927:
921:
919:
917:Proto-historic
913:
912:
910:
909:
904:
899:
894:
887:
880:
873:
866:
859:
852:
845:
838:
830:
828:
822:
821:
814:
813:
806:
799:
791:
783:
782:
777:
774:
765:
760:
756:
755:
750:
747:
737:
736:
731:
728:
719:
714:
710:
709:
704:
701:
691:
690:
685:
682:
671:
666:
662:
661:
641:
638:
633:
632:
629:in: poczet.com
621:
618:
617:
616:
611:
604:
601:
558:third invasion
553:
550:
516:
513:
475:
472:
407:
404:
400:Rocznik Traski
323:
320:
284:Nowa Brzeźnica
270:
267:
237:, daughter of
214:branch of the
206:, daughter of
195:
192:
168:House of Piast
159:
158:
153:
149:
148:
143:
139:
138:
136:House of Piast
133:
127:
126:
121:
117:
116:
113:
111:
107:
106:
99:
95:
94:
87:
83:
82:
79:
78:
73:
69:
68:
63:
59:
58:
55:
51:
50:
44:
43:
35:
34:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1416:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1341:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1246:John I Albert
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1177:Piast dynasty
1173:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1162:Wenceslaus II
1160:
1158:
1156:
1152:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1021:
1020:
1015:
1013:
1010:Fragmentation
1007:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
975:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
950:
948:
946:
945:Piast dynasty
942:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
922:
920:
918:
914:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
892:
888:
886:
885:
881:
879:
878:
874:
872:
871:
867:
865:
864:
860:
858:
857:
853:
851:
850:
846:
844:
843:
839:
837:
836:
832:
831:
829:
827:
823:
819:
812:
807:
805:
800:
798:
793:
792:
789:
780:
771:
770:
763:
757:
753:
744:
743:
738:
734:
725:
724:
717:
711:
707:
698:
697:
692:
688:
679:
676:
669:
663:
658:
651:
646:
645:
644:Piast dynasty
636:
630:
628:
624:
623:
615:
612:
610:
607:
606:
600:
596:
594:
590:
589:Lesser Poland
586:
582:
581:Oswald Balzer
577:
575:
571:
567:
566:Lesser Poland
563:
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533:
531:
527:
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397:
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388:Duke of Macsó
385:
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333:
328:
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277:Leszek's seal
275:
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216:Piast dynasty
213:
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31:
19:
1369:1240s births
1346:
1329:Augustus III
1106:
1089:
1017:
972:
889:
882:
875:
868:
861:
854:
847:
840:
833:
767:
740:
721:
694:
687:Henry Probus
673:
656:
649:
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626:
597:
578:
555:
542:Wawel Castle
534:
518:
477:
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369:
360:Bogucin Mały
356:
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280:
232:
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223:
219:
197:
163:
162:
1374:1288 deaths
1324:Stanisław I
1100:Przemysł II
706:Bolesław II
552:Final years
530:Jan Długosz
484: [
455:Yotvingians
392:consummated
332:Jan Matejko
316:Przemysł II
194:Early years
62:Predecessor
1363:Categories
1241:Casimir IV
884:Leszko III
773:1273–1278
752:Casimir II
746:1267–1288
727:1261–1288
700:1279–1288
681:1279–1288
620:References
570:Nogai Khan
496:Stary Sącz
307:Inowrocław
288:Lutomiersk
235:Euphrosyne
184:Sandomierz
180:Inowrocław
170:, Duke of
1251:Alexander
1175:Restored
1107:See also:
953:Mieszko I
935:Siemomysł
902:Chościsko
897:Popiel II
877:Leszko II
849:Krakus II
826:Legendary
779:Ziemomysł
716:Casimir I
568:, led by
344:Babenberg
247:Ziemomysł
210:from the
204:Constance
188:High Duke
72:Successor
57:1279–1288
1065:Konrad I
995:Zbigniew
925:Siemowit
891:Popiel I
870:Leszko I
842:Krakus I
603:See also
574:Talabuga
546:Bogucice
509:grzywnas
365:Skawinka
296:Radomsko
222:(Latin:
212:Silesian
1347:Italics
1213:Jadwiga
963:Bezprym
856:Lech II
652:c. 1241
562:Mongols
560:of the
538:Hungary
498:as her
444:Wrocław
432:Goźlice
428:Vistula
420:Tartars
378:prince
376:Rurikid
372:Gryfina
367:river.
303:Łęczyca
292:Wolbórz
263:Sieradz
176:Łęczyca
172:Sieradz
89:c. 1241
1012:period
930:Lestek
835:Lech I
655:
468:Rowiny
448:Barycz
424:Lublin
294:, and
257:, and
152:Mother
142:Father
120:Spouse
110:Burial
104:Kraków
863:Wanda
657:Died:
650:Born:
564:into
522:Radom
504:Łagów
500:dower
488:]
463:Narew
396:Kinga
224:Niger
220:Black
131:House
54:Reign
572:and
437:Lviv
386:and
350:and
186:and
98:Died
86:Born
524:to
312:Ląd
1365::
595:.
490:,
486:pl
470:.
439:.
382:,
290:,
286:,
253:,
810:e
803:t
796:v
631:.
20:)
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