3082:
893:
871:, invaded Kerala during the rule of the last Perumal. To drive back the invading forces the Perumal summoned the militia of his chieftains (like Udaya Varman Kolathiri and Manichchan and Vikkiran of Eranad). The Cheraman Perumal was assured by the Eradis that they would take a fort established by the Rayar. The battle lasted for three days and the Rayar eventually evacuated his fort (and it was seized by the Perumal's troops).
4897:
3036:
257:(four select Brahmin settlements were empowered to choose a khastriya king). Sister of the first Cheraman Perumal was married to Brahmin and it was decided that the son/daughter would be a Kshatriya (and the successor to the throne). The Brahmins arranged that each Perumal should rule for twelve years.
130:
The validity of the legend as a source of history once generated much debate among south Indian historians. The legend is now considered as "an expression of the historical consciousness rather than as a source of history". The legend of the
Cheraman Perumals exercised significant political influence
143:
The ghost of the
Perumal haunted the land in many ways...Each of the large number of principalities that came into existence on the ruins of the Chera kingdom claimed to be not only a splinter of the old kingdom but also deriving its authority from the donation of the last Cheraman Perumal...Many
1061:
Both
Rajasimha and Raja Raja, from the Pandya inscriptions at Ambasamudram, were categorically identified as Chera Perumals by M. G. S. Narayanan (1972). This was confirmed in a recent book edited by Kesavan Veluthat (2014). The claim is disputed by Daud Ali
1832:
134:
Popular written versions of the legend are infamous for inconsistencies and contradictions (in names of the kings and dates). Even the dates of their compositions are problematic. The
Cheraman Perumals mentioned in the legend can be identified with the
69:. The sources of the legend include popular oral traditions and later literary compositions. The time of origin of the legend is not known to scholars. It seems the legend once had a common source well known to all Kerala people.
131:
in Kerala over the centuries. The legend was used by Kerala chiefdoms for the legitimation of their rule (most of the major chiefly houses in medieval Kerala traced its origin back to the legendary allocation by the
Perumal).
2883:
874:
The last
Cheraman Perumal divided the Kerala or Chera kingdom among his chieftains (kingsfolk) and disappeared mysteriously. The Kerala people never more heard any tidings of him. The Eradis, or the later kings of
165:
Different written versions of the legend can be found in several literary sources. Most versions contain interpolations and omissions in favour of some special interests and communities (religions and castes).
144:
of these rulers also claimed to step into the shoes of the
Perumal in claiming to be the overlord of Kerala. Thus the ruler of Venad or the Zamorin or the raja of Cochin staked this claim in various ways...
1023:
maintains that historical research has found this story to be fictitious. With the oldest and most complete version of the tale, only dated at earliest to the mid 12th century for the composition.
2163:
Yarbrough, Luke "Conversion to Islam in the
Premodern Age: A Sourcebook; Cheraman Perumal and Islam on the Malabar Coast" Univ of California Press, 2020, p. 257.
879:, who were left out in the cold during the allocation of the land, was granted the Cheraman Perumal's sword (with the permission to "die, and kill, and seize").
2888:
1041:. Mali, which was known to seafarers then, might have been misunderstood as Malabar (Kerala) and this might have given rise to the tale of Tajuddeen in the
3098:
1016:
1008:
2326:
2875:
910:
957:
929:
2264:
1599:
1566:
1166:
Noburu
Karashmia (ed.), A Concise History of South India: Issues and Interpretations. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2014. 143-44.
3743:
3002:
2982:
1875:
936:
1003:
the king converted to Islam after witnessing a strange event that Hindu astronomers had not predicted. Modern writers claim that,
249:
The
Cheraman Perumals were the kings of Kerala/Chera kingdom. The first Cheraman Perumal was "brought" from a country east of the
2191:
1190:"Cheraman Parambu - the royal seat of the Cheraman Perumals of Chera dynasty| Historic sites at Muziris Heritage Area, Ernakulam"
280:
The following is a list of Cheraman Perumals found in the tradition. According to K. V. Krishna Ayyar, the list goes as follows:
3085:
2673:
2148:
2055:
1997:
1919:
1885:
1333:
943:
2599:
34:
2952:
925:
1909:
2045:
2331:
2114:
2017:
1970:
1598:'Changes in Land Relations during the Decline of the Cera State,' In Kesavan Veluthat and Donald R. Davis Jr. (eds),
1576:
976:
3071:
2369:
1835:." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, vol. 70, no. 3, 2007, pp. 487–509.
1323:
3756:
3771:
3751:
2425:
2029:
914:
3012:
2962:
2374:
2346:
2957:
4212:
3776:
3766:
2103:
Kurup, K. K. N.; Ismail, E.; India), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Institute of Asian Studies (Calcutta (2008).
4925:
3761:
3120:
3112:
2895:
2341:
2336:
2318:
2184:
950:
4573:
2397:
2104:
2079:
1646:, eds Jean-Luc Chevillard, Eva Wilden, and A. Murugaiyan, pp. 471–85. École Française D'Extrême-Orient.
1230:, eds Jean-Luc Chevillard, Eva Wilden, and A. Murugaiyan, pp. 471–85. École Française D'Extrême-Orient.
4920:
2490:
2475:
2455:
652:
603:(1963), taking recent corrections (2014 and 2020) on Narayanan into account, the list is as follows:
136:
55:
30:
1565:
Devadevan, Manu V. (2020). "Changes in Land Relations and the Changing Fortunes of the Cēra State".
4362:
4287:
3786:
3703:
3683:
3345:
2450:
2392:
663:
3130:
2559:
1034:
903:
600:
151:
3049:
3849:
3403:
3213:
2648:
2510:
2177:
1987:
1295:
Veluthat, Kesavan. "History and Historiography in Constituting a Region: The Case of Kerala."
4883:
4799:
4337:
3924:
3493:
2402:
2364:
2359:
2239:
3633:
3398:
3258:
3064:
3007:
2992:
2870:
2663:
2480:
2314:
1000:
273:, introduction of the matrilineal system of inheritance in Kerala, settlement of different
3081:
2922:
8:
3588:
3233:
3223:
3165:
2900:
2614:
2531:
2518:
2445:
2417:
2354:
2299:
2229:
1833:
The Service Retinues of the Chola Court: A Study of the Term Veḷam in Tamil Inscriptions
265:
The Cheraman Perumals of the legend are generally associated with the establishment the
3728:
3573:
3553:
3253:
3185:
3170:
3150:
3135:
3103:
2927:
2801:
2791:
2619:
2435:
2407:
2294:
2269:
2249:
2234:
1189:
642:
596:
266:
4868:
4744:
4664:
4578:
4392:
4079:
3658:
3533:
3263:
3248:
3218:
3208:
3160:
3155:
3140:
2972:
2967:
2947:
2932:
2914:
2653:
2631:
2609:
2579:
2541:
2514:
2495:
2440:
2304:
2284:
2211:
2144:
2110:
2051:
2025:
1993:
1966:
1915:
1881:
1572:
1329:
1042:
625:
867:
Rayar, the overlord of the Cheraman Perumal (Kulasekharan) in a country east of the
4851:
4814:
4508:
4292:
4267:
3583:
3268:
3228:
3175:
2729:
2589:
2289:
1020:
994:
838:
794:
4873:
4207:
4034:
3458:
3295:
3243:
3238:
3195:
3180:
3145:
3125:
3057:
2821:
2806:
2796:
2274:
2203:
2138:
1960:
1943:
1281:
eds Georg Berkemer and Margret Frenz, pp. 81–91. Berlin: Zentrum Moderner Orient.
1026:
235:
65:
is the medieval tradition associated with the Cheraman Perumals (Chera kings) of
1694:
George Spencer, 'Ties that Bound: Royal Marriage Alliance in the Chola Period',
4614:
4548:
4332:
4297:
4109:
4074:
4049:
4039:
4029:
3889:
3653:
3623:
3483:
3453:
3448:
3335:
3311:
3287:
3203:
2844:
2811:
2668:
2658:
2643:
2551:
2430:
778:
760:
111:. Initially, their influence appeared limited to the area between present-day
4914:
4861:
4856:
4769:
4734:
4704:
4699:
4604:
4493:
4227:
4004:
3989:
3829:
3648:
3638:
3598:
3488:
3438:
3418:
3378:
2500:
2460:
2244:
2224:
2219:
1310:
Historical Geography of Natu in South India with Special Reference to Kerala.
868:
852:
270:
250:
4833:
4901:
4819:
4804:
4754:
4694:
4689:
4679:
4659:
4563:
4518:
4513:
4498:
4438:
4387:
4347:
4327:
4237:
4232:
4172:
4104:
4014:
3979:
3934:
3919:
3864:
3708:
3673:
3613:
3578:
3548:
3513:
3498:
3478:
3443:
3428:
3413:
3368:
3040:
2942:
2849:
2719:
2709:
2604:
2564:
2485:
2470:
277:
in Kerala, and foundation several temples, churches and mosques in Kerala.
4841:
4759:
4749:
4629:
4488:
4478:
4372:
4367:
4352:
4217:
4192:
4182:
4119:
4089:
4054:
3999:
3974:
3949:
3909:
3874:
3698:
3563:
3528:
3523:
3473:
3017:
2765:
2760:
2704:
2678:
2574:
2279:
2259:
2047:
Educational Empowerment of Kerala Muslims: A Socio-historical Perspective
689:
441:
411:
311:
104:
96:
4878:
4789:
4779:
4709:
4644:
4624:
4619:
4568:
4543:
4503:
4473:
4468:
4417:
4407:
4342:
4302:
4242:
4124:
4099:
4094:
4084:
3984:
3954:
3904:
3899:
3839:
3688:
3678:
3668:
3663:
3558:
3543:
3433:
3388:
2833:
2714:
2536:
1655:
Veluthat, Kesavan. "The Temple and the State in Medieval South India."
1277:
Frenz, Margret. 2003. ‘Virtual Relations, Little Kings in Malabar’, in
675:
152:
History and Historiography in Constituting a Region: The Case of Kerala
108:
4609:
4599:
4583:
4538:
4528:
4458:
4322:
4307:
4257:
4247:
4177:
4009:
3944:
3929:
3894:
3884:
3859:
3844:
3834:
3824:
3804:
3603:
3568:
3518:
3508:
3463:
3408:
3393:
3383:
3373:
3327:
2997:
2786:
2770:
2694:
2384:
1004:
990:
876:
721:
254:
124:
120:
892:
4809:
4739:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4684:
4674:
4634:
4533:
4523:
4448:
4433:
4317:
4312:
4277:
4262:
4252:
4222:
4202:
4167:
4129:
4069:
4044:
4019:
3994:
3969:
3939:
3914:
3879:
3819:
3814:
3723:
3693:
3628:
3618:
3608:
3593:
3538:
3503:
3319:
2526:
2465:
1012:
636:
116:
1696:
Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Asian Studies
1177:, The Penguin History of Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300.
1155:, The Penguin History of Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300.
4846:
4794:
4784:
4774:
4729:
4654:
4649:
4639:
4558:
4553:
4463:
4397:
4357:
4282:
4272:
4197:
4187:
4162:
4139:
4064:
4059:
3959:
3799:
3733:
3718:
3643:
3358:
3303:
3079:
3022:
2977:
2854:
2839:
2724:
2699:
2594:
2584:
100:
2169:
54:
For the historical Chera Perumal rulers of medieval Kerala, see
4669:
4483:
4453:
4443:
4412:
4402:
4134:
4024:
3964:
3869:
3713:
3423:
3089:
2987:
2829:
2755:
2569:
2200:
112:
92:
66:
814:
Contemporary to Chola viceroy Jatavarman Sundara Chola-Pandya.
4764:
4377:
4114:
3854:
3809:
3794:
3468:
3363:
3353:
2937:
2745:
2546:
2254:
1631:
A Concise History of South India: Issues and Interpretations.
1261:
A Concise History of South India: Issues and Interpretations.
1215:
A Concise History of South India: Issues and Interpretations.
1038:
799:
Contemporary to Chola viceroy Jatavarman Sundara Chola-Pandya
274:
2140:
Monsoon Islam: Trade and Faith on the Medieval Malabar Coast
4382:
2750:
1514:
Madras: Government Press, Madras, 1951 (reprint). 229-230.
1476:
Madras: Government Press, Madras, 1951 (reprint). 228-230.
1452:
Madras: Government Press, Madras, 1951 (reprint). 226-227.
1436:
Madras: Government Press, Madras, 1951 (reprint). 225-226.
1388:
Madras: Government Press, Madras, 1951 (reprint). 223-224.
1366:
Madras: Government Press, Madras, 1951 (reprint). 223-240.
2081:
Islam in Kerala: Groups and Movements in the 20th Century
1642:
Veluthat, Kesavan. 2004. 'Mahodayapuram-Kodungallur', in
1226:
Veluthat, Kesavan. 2004. 'Mahodayapuram-Kodungallur', in
1851:
Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 73-74 and 467-70.
1809:
Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 71-72 and 464-66.
1789:
Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 72-73 and 466-67.
1404:
Calicut (Kerala): Norman Printing Bureau, 1938. 54-55.
1279:
Sharing Sovereignty. The Little Kingdom in South Asia,
817:
Contemporary to Chola viceroy Maravarman Chola-Pandya.
139:
rulers of medieval Kerala (c. 8th - 12th century AD).
91:
844 CE–1124 CE) were a ruling dynasty in present-day
1160:
917:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2143:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 94–5, 100.
2889:Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (1989–present)
2102:
1911:Islam in India and Pakistan - A Religious History
1263:New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2014. 146-47.
1217:New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2014. 143-44.
4912:
1698:(Hong Kong: Asian Research Service, 1982), 723.
1601:Irreverent History: Essays for M.G.S. Narayanan
2884:Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (1926–1989)
1633:New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2014. 143.
1540:, (Kottayam, 1955 Second Ed. 1963), pp. 152-4.
802:Probably identical with king Ravi Goda (above)
714:Probably identical with king Goda Goda (above)
3065:
2185:
2011:
2009:
1989:India's National Security: Annual Review 2009
1877:India's National Security: Annual Review 2009
1672:Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 437-438.
99:. Mahodayapuram, or Makotai, the seat of the
2106:Emergence of Islam in Kerala in 20th century
1771:Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 461-62.
1685:Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 442-43.
862:
688:Married off his two daughters to Chola king
1822:Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 70-72.
1745:Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 68-69.
1729:Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 67-68.
1716:Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 65-67.
1617:Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 79-80.
1571:. Cambridge University Press. p. 150.
1527:Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 64-73.
1141:Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 52-53.
1123:Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 31-32.
1033:, argues that it was the king of Maldives,
15:
3072:
3058:
2192:
2178:
2006:
16:
2157:
1864:Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 470.
1564:
1321:
977:Learn how and when to remove this message
882:
685:Married the daughter of king Kulasekhara.
3003:List of tourist attractions in Kozhikode
2043:
1958:
160:
24:This is an accepted version of this page
2024:, APH Publishing, p. 303,304,305,
1941:
14:
4913:
2136:
1843:
1841:
1801:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1737:
1735:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1659:, vol. 4, no. 1, June 2017, pp. 15–23.
1625:
1623:
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1560:
1558:
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1546:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1458:
1396:
1394:
1312:Indian Historical Review, 36(1), 3–21.
1299:, vol. 5, no. 1, June 2018, pp. 13–31.
3053:
2876:Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam
2173:
2077:
1985:
1907:
1873:
1568:The 'Early Medieval' Origins of India
1500:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1482:
1444:
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2015:
1901:
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1129:
1097:
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1089:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1079:
915:adding citations to reliable sources
886:
260:
2137:Prange, Sebastian R. (3 May 2018).
1867:
1838:
1812:
1792:
1774:
1748:
1732:
1719:
1701:
1675:
1649:
1620:
1607:
1585:
1543:
1455:
1391:
48:
4842:Kolathunadu (Kingdom of Cannanore)
1986:Kumar, Satish (27 February 2012).
1479:
1439:
1407:
1369:
1349:
1284:
1266:
1250:
1220:
1207:
1169:
1144:
49:
4937:
2199:
1245:The Early Medieval in South India
1126:
1076:
851:Elder contemporary to Chola king
103:, is identified with present-day
4895:
3080:
3034:
2958:Places of Interest in Malappuram
2084:. Laurel Publications. p. 2
2016:S.N., Sadasivan (January 2000),
1604:, Primus Books, New Delhi, 2014.
1536:Pillai Elamkulam, P. N. Kunhan.
891:
2973:Tourist attractions of Palakkad
2398:2001 Kadalundi Train derailment
2130:
2109:. Standard Publishers (India).
2096:
2071:
2037:
1979:
1952:
1935:
1854:
1825:
1688:
1530:
1517:
1328:. APH Publishing. p. 306.
1302:
1055:
902:needs additional citations for
244:
2426:Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve
1247:, New Delhi, 2009, pp. 129–46.
1233:
1182:
149:Veluthat Kesavan (historian),
119:, but later extended to up to
13:
1:
3013:Tourism in Thiruvananthapuram
2963:Tourist attractions in Kannur
1538:Cila Keralacaritra Prasnangal
1069:
926:"Legend of Cheraman Perumals"
291:Original home of the Perumal
180:Joas de Barros (16th century)
1948:. Kerala Historical Society.
1179:Penguin Books, 2002. 326-27.
1157:Penguin Books, 2002. 331-32.
743:Bhaskara Ravi Manukuladitya
7:
2896:Kerala Nadvathul Mujahideen
2050:. Other Books. p. 20.
1945:Glimpses of Islam in Kerala
1914:. Vij Books India Pvt Ltd.
1657:Studies in People's History
1297:Studies in People's History
793:Contemporary to Chola king
777:Contemporary to Chola king
759:Contemporary to Chola king
635:Contemporary to Chola king
63:legend of Cheraman Perumals
10:
4942:
1992:. Routledge. p. 346.
1959:Varghese, Theresa (2006).
1880:. Routledge. p. 346.
1007:of the 9th century in his
988:
267:Kollam Era (Malayalam Era)
82:Chera Perumals of Makotai,
78:Perumal dynasty of Kerala,
53:
4892:
4832:
4592:
4426:
4155:
4148:
3785:
3742:
3344:
3277:
3194:
3111:
3096:
3031:
2913:
2863:
2820:
2779:
2738:
2687:
2639:
2630:
2620:colleges and universities
2509:
2476:Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve
2416:
2383:
2313:
2210:
2022:A Social History of India
1325:A Social History of India
1322:Sadasivan, S. N. (2000).
1031:A Social History of India
863:The last Cheraman Perumal
771:
701:
615:Regnal years (tentative)
346:Bhutarayar Pandi Perumal
194:Canter Visscher (c. 1723)
191:Sheik Zeinuddin (c. 1583)
74:Cheraman Perumal dynasty,
56:Chera Perumals of Makotai
51:Medieval Kerala tradition
3121:Thiruvananthapuram KL-01
2451:Eravikulam National Park
2403:2016 Paravur temple fire
2078:Samad, M. Abdul (1998).
1908:Singh, Dr Y. P. (2016).
1629:Noburu Karashmia (ed.),
1402:The Zamorins of Calicut.
1259:Noburu Karashima (ed.),
1213:Noburu Karashmia (ed.),
1048:
664:Cheraman Perumal Nayanar
662:Probably identical with
641:Probably identical with
607:Lists of Chera Perumals
197:Van Adriaan Moens (1781)
31:latest accepted revision
2560:Saint Thomas Christians
2370:United Democratic Front
1942:Ampotti, A. K. (2004).
1239:Kesavan Veluthat, ‘The
1194:www.muzirisheritage.org
831:Adityan Kota Ranaditya
626:Sthanu Ravi Kulasekhara
209:Francis Buchanan (1807)
123:in north Kerala and to
3850:Chittur-Thathamangalam
3744:Municipal corporations
2864:Organisations/Agencies
2688:Dance / Drama / Cinema
2471:Nelliampathi Mountains
2018:"Caste Invades Kerala"
1874:Kumar, Satish (2012).
1400:Ayyar, K. V. Krishna.
1308:Ganesh, K. N. (2009).
883:The story of Thajuddin
601:E. P. N. Kunjan Pillai
269:, inauguration of the
206:Jonathan Duncan (1798)
158:
3925:Kothamangalam, Kerala
2365:Left Democratic Front
2300:Perumpadapu Swaroopam
2240:Chovvanur burial cave
2044:Mohammed, U. (2007).
1644:South-Indian Horizons
1228:South-Indian Horizons
733:Indu/Indesvaran Goda
555:Harischandra Perumal
321:Choya/Chola Mandalam
183:Diogo de Coute (1610)
177:Duarte Barbosa (1510)
161:Sources of the legend
141:
3131:Pathanamthitta KL-03
3008:Estuaries of Paravur
2993:Muzhappilangad Beach
2983:Tourism in Kasaragod
2871:Nair Service Society
2393:1988 Perumon tragedy
2342:Legislative Assembly
2260:Kingdom of Cannanore
1860:Narayanan, M. G. S.
1847:Narayanan, M. G. S.
1818:Narayanan, M. G. S.
1805:Narayanan, M. G. S.
1785:Narayanan, M. G. S.
1767:Narayanan, M. G. S.
1741:Narayanan, M. G. S.
1725:Narayanan, M. G. S.
1712:Narayanan, M. G. S.
1681:Narayanan, M. G. S.
1668:Narayanan, M. G. S.
1613:Narayanan, M. G. S.
1523:Narayanan, M. G. S.
1137:Narayanan, M. G. S.
1119:Narayanan, M. G. S.
1001:Cheraman Juma Mosque
911:improve this article
581:Kulasekhara Perumal
318:Choya/Chola Perumal
302:Keya/Kerala Perumal
212:William Logan (1898)
202:Mackenzie Collection
2901:Syro-Malabar Church
2355:Saptakakshi Munnani
2230:Ariyannur Umbrellas
1965:. Stark World Pub.
1862:Perumāḷs of Kerala.
1849:Perumāḷs of Kerala.
1820:Perumāḷs of Kerala.
1807:Perumāḷs of Kerala.
1787:Perumāḷs of Kerala.
1769:Perumāḷs of Kerala.
1743:Perumāḷs of Kerala.
1727:Perumāḷs of Kerala.
1714:Perumāḷs of Kerala.
1683:Perumāḷs of Kerala.
1670:Perumāḷs of Kerala.
1615:Perumāḷs of Kerala.
1525:Perumāḷs of Kerala.
1139:Perumāḷs of Kerala.
1121:Perumāḷs of Kerala.
1037:, who converted to
1021:Sebastian R. Prange
848:Crowned in 1089 CE.
608:
374:Pandyan or Chennar
284:
225:Calicut Granthavari
21:Page version status
4926:Hinduism and Islam
4834:Historical regions
3752:Thiruvananthapuram
3684:Thiruvananthapuram
3104:Thiruvananthapuram
2928:Athirappilly Falls
2802:Suriyani Malayalam
2792:Malayalam calendar
2436:Kavvayi Backwaters
2408:2018 Kerala floods
2295:Vaikom Satyagraham
2270:Battle of Kulachal
2250:Zamorin of Calicut
2235:Kudakkallu Parambu
1962:Stark World Kerala
606:
597:M. G. S. Narayanan
369:Trikkata Matilaka
283:
255:Nambudiri Brahmins
230:Cochin Granthavari
221:E. Thurston (1909)
218:C. A. Innes (1908)
215:G. A. Kohut (1897)
76:also known as the
27:
4908:
4907:
4884:Travancore–Cochin
4828:
4827:
3047:
3046:
2968:Islands of Kollam
2948:Kerala Backwaters
2933:Beaches in Kerala
2909:
2908:
2674:Triumvirate poets
2580:Jainism in Kerala
2496:Sasthamcotta Lake
2305:Malabar Migration
2285:Anglo-Mysore Wars
2150:978-1-108-42438-7
2057:978-81-903887-3-3
1999:978-1-136-70491-8
1921:978-93-85505-63-8
1887:978-1-136-70491-8
1335:978-81-7648-170-0
1019:agree with this.
999:According to the
987:
986:
979:
961:
860:
859:
750:
643:Kulasekhara Alvar
593:
592:
550:Valarbhattukotta
542:Valabhan Perumal
421:Northern country
418:Tulubhan Perumal
305:Keya/Keralapuram
288:Cheraman Perumal
261:Cheraman Perumals
121:Chandragiri river
101:Cheraman Perumals
18:
4933:
4921:Medieval legends
4902:India portal
4900:
4899:
4898:
4815:Thalayolaparambu
4574:Sreekrishnapuram
4509:Sreemoolanagaram
4153:
4152:
3166:Malappuram KL-10
3084:
3074:
3067:
3060:
3051:
3050:
3041:India portal
3039:
3038:
3037:
2730:Cinema of Kerala
2637:
2636:
2600:Scheduled Tribes
2290:Battle of Quilon
2194:
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1510:Logan, William.
1508:
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1472:Logan, William.
1470:
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1448:Logan, William.
1446:
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1432:Logan, William.
1430:
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1384:Logan, William.
1382:
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1362:Logan, William.
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1243:as History’, in
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995:Rama Kulasekhara
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960:
919:
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887:
839:Rama Kulasekhara
748:
653:Rama Rajasekhara
609:
605:
529:Vijayan Perumal
465:Eastern country
285:
282:
156:
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4888:
4874:Venad (kingdom)
4824:
4588:
4422:
4288:Kottappadi Part
4144:
3781:
3738:
3340:
3296:Indian elephant
3273:
3190:
3186:Kasaragod KL-14
3171:Kozhikode KL-11
3151:Ernakulam KL-07
3136:Alappuzha KL-04
3107:
3092:
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3048:
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2807:Judeo-Malayalam
2797:Arabi Malayalam
2775:
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2517:
2513:
2505:
2491:Protected areas
2456:Flora and fauna
2412:
2379:
2332:Chief Ministers
2317:
2309:
2275:Arakkal kingdom
2255:Venad Swaroopam
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1027:S. N. Sadasivan
1017:Tarikh Ferishta
1009:Firdousul Hikma
997:
989:Main articles:
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963:
920:
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885:
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568:Mallan Perumal
516:Komban Perumal
462:Kannan Perumal
377:Pandya country
363:Choya Mandalam
335:Pandi Mandalam
263:
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236:S. N. Sadasivan
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4615:Chirayinkeezhu
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4298:Padinharethara
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4050:Perinthalmanna
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4040:Pathanamthitta
4037:
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3161:Palakkad KL-09
3158:
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3141:Kottayam KL-05
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1029:, in his book
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718:
717:
716:
715:
710:
709:Kerala Kesari
706:
705:
703:
700:
696:
695:
694:
693:
686:
681:
678:
672:
671:
670:
669:
658:
655:
649:
648:
647:
646:
639:
631:
628:
622:
621:
618:
613:
612:Chera Perumal
591:
590:
587:
584:
582:
578:
577:
574:
571:
569:
565:
564:
561:
558:
556:
552:
551:
548:
545:
543:
539:
538:
537:Vijayankollam
535:
532:
530:
526:
525:
522:
519:
517:
513:
512:
509:
506:
504:
500:
499:
496:
493:
491:
487:
486:
483:
480:
477:
476:Kotti Perumal
473:
472:
469:
466:
463:
459:
458:
455:
452:
449:
445:
444:
439:
436:
433:
432:Indra Perumal
429:
428:
425:
422:
419:
415:
414:
409:
406:
403:
399:
398:
395:
392:
391:Choya country
389:
385:
384:
381:
378:
375:
371:
370:
367:
364:
361:
357:
356:
353:
350:
347:
343:
342:
339:
336:
333:
332:Pandi Perumal
329:
328:
325:
322:
319:
315:
314:
309:
306:
303:
299:
298:
295:
292:
289:
262:
259:
246:
243:
241:
240:
232:
227:
222:
219:
216:
213:
210:
207:
204:
200:H. H. Wilson,
198:
195:
192:
189:
184:
181:
178:
175:
168:
162:
159:
146:
127:in the south.
50:
39:10 August 2024
28:
22:
19:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4938:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4918:
4916:
4903:
4891:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4863:
4862:South Malabar
4860:
4858:
4857:North Malabar
4855:
4854:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4839:
4837:
4835:
4831:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4770:Kanjirappally
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4735:Vadasserikara
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4605:Balaramapuram
4603:
4601:
4598:
4597:
4595:
4591:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4579:Lakkidi-Perur
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4494:Chottanikkara
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4431:
4429:
4425:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4228:Kunnamangalam
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4160:
4158:
4154:
4151:
4147:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4005:North Paravur
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3990:Neyyattinkara
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3830:Changanassery
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3788:
3784:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3745:
3741:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3599:North Paravur
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3589:Neyyattinkara
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3494:Kothamangalam
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3439:Kanjirappally
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3379:Changanassery
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3351:
3349:
3347:
3343:
3337:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3276:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3197:
3193:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3176:Wayanad KL-12
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3091:
3087:
3083:
3075:
3070:
3068:
3063:
3061:
3056:
3055:
3052:
3042:
3030:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2920:
2918:
2916:
2912:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2862:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2835:
2831:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2819:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2784:
2782:
2778:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2692:
2690:
2686:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2629:
2621:
2618:
2617:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2502:
2501:Vembanad Lake
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2481:Nilgiri Hills
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2461:Malabar Coast
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2419:
2415:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2382:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2360:Aikya Munnani
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2349:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2265:Kerala school
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2225:Edakkal Caves
2223:
2221:
2220:Sangam period
2218:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2202:
2195:
2190:
2188:
2183:
2181:
2176:
2175:
2172:
2160:
2152:
2146:
2142:
2141:
2133:
2118:
2116:9788187471462
2112:
2108:
2107:
2099:
2083:
2082:
2074:
2059:
2053:
2049:
2048:
2040:
2033:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2012:
2010:
2001:
1995:
1991:
1990:
1982:
1974:
1972:9788190250511
1968:
1964:
1963:
1955:
1947:
1946:
1938:
1923:
1917:
1913:
1912:
1904:
1889:
1883:
1879:
1878:
1870:
1863:
1857:
1850:
1844:
1842:
1834:
1828:
1821:
1815:
1808:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1796:
1788:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1770:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1758:
1756:
1754:
1752:
1744:
1738:
1736:
1728:
1722:
1715:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1697:
1691:
1684:
1678:
1671:
1665:
1658:
1652:
1645:
1639:
1632:
1626:
1624:
1616:
1610:
1603:
1602:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1589:
1580:
1578:9781108494571
1574:
1570:
1569:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1547:
1539:
1533:
1526:
1520:
1513:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1475:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1451:
1445:
1443:
1435:
1429:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1403:
1397:
1395:
1387:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1365:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1337:
1331:
1327:
1326:
1318:
1311:
1305:
1298:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1280:
1274:
1272:
1270:
1262:
1256:
1254:
1246:
1242:
1236:
1229:
1223:
1216:
1210:
1195:
1191:
1185:
1178:
1172:
1163:
1156:
1150:
1148:
1140:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1122:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1075:
1058:
1054:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
996:
992:
981:
978:
970:
959:
956:
952:
949:
945:
942:
938:
935:
931:
928: –
927:
923:
922:Find sources:
916:
912:
906:
905:
900:This article
898:
894:
889:
888:
880:
878:
872:
870:
854:
850:
847:
846:
845:
842:
840:
837:
836:
833:
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829:
826:
823:
822:
816:
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811:
808:
807:
801:
798:
796:
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791:
790:
787:
786:
780:
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774:
768:
767:
762:
758:
757:
756:
754:
751:
745:
742:
741:
738:
735:
732:
731:
728:
725:
723:
720:
719:
713:
712:
711:
708:
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704:
698:
697:
691:
687:
684:
683:
682:
679:
677:
674:
673:
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661:
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659:
656:
654:
651:
650:
644:
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638:
634:
633:
632:
629:
627:
624:
623:
619:
617:
614:
611:
610:
604:
602:
598:
595:Corrected by
588:
585:
583:
580:
579:
576:Nallurmallan
575:
572:
570:
567:
566:
562:
559:
557:
554:
553:
549:
546:
544:
541:
540:
536:
533:
531:
528:
527:
523:
520:
518:
515:
514:
510:
507:
505:
502:
501:
497:
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485:Kottikkollam
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72:The historic
70:
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40:
36:
32:
25:
20:
4820:Kaduthuruthy
4805:Kuravilangad
4755:Ambalappuzha
4695:Kozhencherry
4690:Kulathupuzha
4680:Pathanapuram
4660:Sasthamkotta
4564:Puthunagaram
4514:Nedumbassery
4499:Udayamperoor
4439:Vandiperiyar
4388:Vellarikundu
4348:Pappinisseri
4328:Anjarakkandy
4238:Thiruvambady
4233:Thamarassery
4173:Puthanathani
4105:Thrikkakkara
3980:Muvattupuzha
3935:Kottarakkara
3920:Kuthuparamba
3865:Irinjalakuda
3729:Vellarikundu
3709:Udumbanchola
3674:Thamarassery
3614:Pathanapuram
3579:Muvattupuzha
3574:Mukundapuram
3554:Manjeshwaram
3549:Mananthavady
3514:Kozhencherry
3499:Kottarakkara
3369:Ambalappuzha
3214:Demographics
3181:Kannur KL-13
3146:Idukki KL-06
3126:Kollam KL-02
3102:
2943:Chembra Peak
2850:Panchavadyam
2720:Ottamthullal
2710:Mohiniyattam
2649:Architecture
2605:Kerala model
2565:Kerala Iyers
2532:Namboothiris
2511:Demographics
2486:Palakkad Gap
2347:
2159:
2139:
2132:
2120:. Retrieved
2105:
2098:
2086:. Retrieved
2080:
2073:
2061:. Retrieved
2046:
2039:
2021:
1988:
1981:
1961:
1954:
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1937:
1925:. Retrieved
1910:
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1891:. Retrieved
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1831:Ali, Daud. "
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1339:. Retrieved
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1241:Keralolpatti
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909:Please help
904:verification
901:
873:
866:
752:
747:
667:
616:
599:(1972) from
594:
503:Eli Perumal
355:Kodungallur
341:Kodungallur
327:Kodungallur
279:
264:
248:
245:Major themes
234:
229:
224:
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186:
172:Keralolpatti
171:
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133:
129:
88:
85:
81:
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62:
60:
38:
29:This is the
23:
4800:Puthuppally
4760:Mararikulam
4750:Charummoodu
4630:Chathannoor
4489:Malayattoor
4479:Kunnathunad
4373:Cheruvathur
4368:Thrikaripur
4353:Kalliasseri
4218:Vallikkunnu
4193:Kuttippuram
4183:Angadipuram
4149:Other towns
4120:Tirurangadi
4090:Taliparamba
4055:Perumbavoor
4000:Nileshwaram
3975:Mavelikkara
3950:Kunnamkulam
3910:Kodungallur
3875:Kalamassery
3704:Tirurangadi
3659:Taliparamba
3564:Mavelikkara
3529:Kunnathunad
3524:Kunnamkulam
3474:Kodungallur
3312:Golden rain
3018:Vallam kali
2766:Eid al-Adha
2761:Eid al-Fitr
2705:Koodiyattam
2679:Vallam kali
2575:Cochin Jews
2537:Ambalavasis
2375:Politicians
2280:Lakshadweep
1045:Gazetteer.
442:Kodungallur
427:Kotiswaram
412:Kodungallur
312:Kodungallur
107:in central
105:Kodungallur
97:South India
4915:Categories
4879:Travancore
4790:Karukachal
4780:Mundakayam
4710:Mallapally
4645:Neendakara
4625:Parippally
4620:Kilimanoor
4569:Malampuzha
4544:Chelakkara
4504:Varappuzha
4474:Puthencruz
4469:Kolenchery
4418:Manjeshwar
4408:Mangalpady
4343:Cherukunnu
4303:Meenangadi
4243:Kodencheri
4125:Valanchery
4100:Thodupuzha
4095:Thiruvalla
4085:Thalassery
3985:Nedumangad
3955:Malappuram
3905:Kayamkulam
3900:Kattappana
3840:Chengannur
3689:Thodupuzha
3679:Thiruvalla
3669:Thalassery
3664:Thalapilly
3584:Nedumangad
3559:Mannarkkad
3544:Mallapally
3434:Kanayannur
3389:Chengannur
3259:Government
2834:Thayambaka
2715:Margamkali
2664:Literature
2590:Dravidians
2441:Backwaters
2315:Government
2031:817648170X
1199:1 February
1070:References
967:April 2024
937:newspapers
843:1089—1122
824:Ravi Rama
809:Raja Raja
788:Rajasimha
772:1021—1089
769:Ravi Goda
699:Goda Goda
676:Vijayaraga
471:Kuntivaka
451:Aryapuram
405:Banapuram
297:Residence
294:Date (AD)
4665:Kunnathur
4610:Kattakada
4600:Parassala
4584:Thrithala
4539:Pavaratty
4529:Puthukkad
4459:Devikulam
4323:Dharmadom
4308:Panamaram
4258:Nadapuram
4248:Balussery
4178:Kottakkal
4010:Ottapalam
3945:Koyilandy
3930:Kottakkal
3895:Kasaragod
3885:Kanhangad
3860:Guruvayur
3845:Cherthala
3835:Chavakkad
3825:Chalakudy
3805:Alappuzha
3757:Kozhikode
3604:Ottapalam
3569:Meenachil
3534:Kunnathur
3519:Kozhikode
3509:Koyilandy
3464:Kattakada
3459:Kasaragod
3409:Devikulam
3394:Cherthala
3384:Chavakkad
3374:Chalakudy
3328:Jackfruit
3234:Geography
3224:Education
3113:Districts
2998:Peruvanam
2923:Alappuzha
2880:Samastha
2787:Malayalam
2780:Languages
2771:Christmas
2739:Festivals
2695:Kathakali
2615:Education
2542:Samanthas
2527:Malayalis
2446:Districts
2418:Geography
2385:Incidents
2350:elections
2348:Panchayat
2337:Governors
1035:Kalimanja
1005:Al-Tabari
991:Thajuddin
753:959–1025
746:962–1021
722:Goda Ravi
690:Parantaka
511:Matayiel
388:Choyiyan
174:chronicle
125:Nagercoil
4810:Uzhavoor
4740:Parumala
4725:Kulanada
4720:Aranmula
4715:Kumbanad
4685:Thenmala
4675:Kadakkal
4635:Kottiyam
4534:Manaloor
4524:Kodakara
4449:Rajakkad
4434:Peermade
4338:Azhikode
4318:Peravoor
4313:Pulpally
4278:Chundale
4263:Kuttiady
4253:Perambra
4223:Olavanna
4203:Areekode
4168:Thavanur
4130:Vatakara
4070:Shoranur
4045:Payyanur
4020:Palakkad
3995:Nilambur
3970:Mattanur
3940:Kottayam
3915:Kondotty
3880:Kalpetta
3820:Attingal
3815:Angamaly
3772:Thrissur
3724:Vatakara
3694:Thrissur
3629:Peermade
3624:Payyanur
3619:Pattambi
3609:Palakkad
3594:Nilambur
3539:Kuttanad
3504:Kottayam
3484:Kondotty
3320:Karimeen
3254:Wildlife
2595:Adivasis
2552:Mappilas
2519:Religion
2466:Marayoor
2327:Agencies
2319:Politics
1512:Malabar.
1474:Malabar.
1450:Malabar.
1434:Malabar.
1386:Malabar.
1364:Malabar.
1013:Ferishta
795:Rajendra
779:Rajendra
761:Rajendra
736:943–962
726:905–943
702:895—905
680:883–895
657:870–883
637:Aditya I
630:844–870
586:412-430
573:403-412
560:391-403
547:380-391
521:364-368
508:352-364
495:340-352
482:339-340
468:327-339
454:315-327
438:303-315
424:297-303
408:293-297
394:281-293
380:269-281
366:257-269
360:Keralan
352:245-257
338:236-245
324:225-236
308:216-225
147:—
117:Quilandy
35:reviewed
4852:Malabar
4847:Zamorin
4795:Pampady
4785:Vazhoor
4775:Erumely
4730:Omallur
4655:Oachira
4650:Chavara
4640:Kundara
4559:Nemmara
4554:Alathur
4464:Adimali
4427:Central
4398:Karadka
4393:Parappa
4363:Alakode
4358:Irikkur
4283:Meppadi
4273:Vythiri
4268:Lakkidi
4213:Vengara
4208:Wandoor
4198:Karipur
4188:Mankada
4163:Edappal
4140:Varkala
4065:Punalur
4060:Ponnani
4035:Paravur
3960:Manjeri
3800:Anthoor
3734:Vythiri
3719:Varkala
3644:Punalur
3639:Ponnani
3419:Hosdurg
3404:Chittur
3359:Alathur
3304:Coconut
3278:Symbols
3264:Tourism
3249:History
3219:Economy
3209:Culture
3099:Capital
3023:Wayanad
2978:Kovalam
2915:Tourism
2855:Sopanam
2840:Kolkali
2725:Theyyam
2700:Kolkali
2654:Cuisine
2632:Culture
2610:Tourism
2585:Pulayar
2570:Ezhavas
2556:Thiyyas
2515:Economy
2212:History
2122:21 June
2088:21 June
2063:16 June
1927:20 June
1893:16 June
1341:16 June
1062:(2007).
1015:in his
951:scholar
877:Calicut
853:Vikrama
563:Purali
534:368-80
4869:Cochin
4745:Mannar
4670:Anchal
4484:Kalady
4454:Munnar
4444:Kumily
4413:Uppala
4403:Kumbla
4293:Muttil
4135:Vaikom
4025:Panoor
3965:Maradu
3870:Iritty
3777:Kannur
3767:Kollam
3714:Vaikom
3479:Kollam
3444:Kannur
3429:Iritty
3424:Idukki
3414:Eranad
3346:Taluks
3332:Insect
3308:Flower
3292:Animal
3269:Sports
3196:Topics
3090:Kerala
2988:Munnar
2953:Kollam
2830:Chenda
2756:Pooram
2204:topics
2201:Kerala
2147:
2113:
2054:
2028:
1996:
1969:
1918:
1884:
1575:
1332:
1043:Cochin
953:
946:
939:
932:
924:
620:Notes
275:castes
239:(2000)
187:Lusiad
155:(2018)
113:Quilon
109:Kerala
93:Kerala
67:Kerala
4765:Aroor
4705:Ranni
4700:Konni
4593:South
4378:Bekal
4156:North
4115:Tirur
4080:Tanur
3855:Eloor
3810:Aluva
3795:Adoor
3762:Kochi
3699:Tirur
3649:Ranni
3489:Konni
3469:Kochi
3364:Aluva
3354:Adoor
3324:Fruit
3244:Ports
3239:Roads
3086:State
2938:Bekal
2822:Music
2746:Vishu
2547:Nairs
2245:Chera
1049:Notes
1039:Islam
958:JSTOR
944:books
869:Ghats
251:Ghats
4519:Mala
4383:Udma
4015:Pala
3316:Fish
3300:Tree
3284:Bird
3229:Film
3204:Arts
2751:Onam
2644:Arts
2145:ISBN
2124:2020
2111:ISBN
2090:2020
2065:2020
2052:ISBN
2026:ISBN
1994:ISBN
1967:ISBN
1929:2020
1916:ISBN
1895:2020
1882:ISBN
1573:ISBN
1343:2020
1330:ISBN
1201:2023
1011:and
993:and
930:news
749:(or)
589:N/A
524:N/A
498:N/A
479:N/A
457:N/A
435:N/A
397:N/A
383:N/A
349:N/A
115:and
61:The
3088:of
913:by
86:fl.
80:or
37:on
4917::
3101::
2020:,
2008:^
1840:^
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1146:^
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2002:.
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