Labor rights - Knowledge

45: 1572: 1256:, core labor standards are "widely recognized to be of particular importance". They are universally applicable, regardless of whether the relevant conventions have been ratified, the level of development of a country or cultural values. These standards are composed of qualitative, not quantitative, standards and do not establish a particular level of working conditions, wages or health and safety standards. They are not intended to undermine the 708: 126: 1322:

reduction. This marked the beginning of the movement. Approaching the 19th century, labor unions were formed to improve the working conditions for all of workers. They fought for better wages, reasonable hours, and safer working conditions. The labor movement led efforts to stop child labor, give health benefits, and provide aid to workers who were injured or retired. The following are explained more in the following sections.

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practice, employers confiscate migrant workers' passports. Without their passports, workers cannot switch jobs or return home. These workers have little recourse for labor abuses, but conditions have been improving. Labor and social welfare minister Ali bin Abdullah al-Kaabi has undertaken a number of reforms to help improve labor practices in his country.

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to gender and wage discrimination, racialization, trafficking, and forced labor. As per the research conducted by the DCT, these issues remain unreported due to the threat and intimidation from their employers in the form of job loss or fabricated criminal charges. The discrimination and abuse have reportedly continued despite the easing of the

1537:, will only increase labor rights violations. In India and Pakistan, children work long hours in various industries because of the debt their parents incurred. Poor families sometimes rely on their kids' income to pay bills. In Egypt, about 1.5 million kids under 14 years old are working even though there are child-protective labor laws. 1555:(FLSA) restricts the employment of children. The FLSA defines the minimum age for employment to 14 years for non-agricultural jobs with restrictions on hours, restricts the hours for youth under the age of 16, and prohibits the employment of children under the age of 18 in occupations deemed hazardous by the Secretary of Labor. 1757:(AFL), which was founded in 1881. Entering the 20th century African Americans moved from the South into the North only to find that there was discrimination in economic opportunities. Racial stereotypes were used to divide the working class and create segregation. This eventually led to the creation of black codes and 1729:, without regard to whether or not someone is documented. Undocumented workers also still have legal protection against discrimination based on national origin. The decision of the Hoffman supreme court case has primarily affected undocumented laborers by preventing them from getting backpay and/or reinstatement. 1737:

independent contractors, governmental, or related to their employers. The right to speak up against labor abuses was protected further by an immigration reform bill in 2013 with the POWER act, which intended to protect employees who spoke out against labor practices from facing detention or deportation.

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can impact labor rights in different countries. Some international agencies and global corporations see strong enforcement will limit a country's economic growth. As companies outsource their work to workers from lower-wage countries, governments will relax their regulations to attract businesses. As

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In March 2004, the World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization issued a report called "A Fair Globalization: Creating Opportunities for All". The report acknowledges how potential globalization can affect labor rights. Reforming globalization will require cooperation not only within the

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at the Expo 2020 reportedly signed an agreement with the Emirati Transguard Group for laundry, cleaning, and security services. Rights groups claim that during the signing of a framework agreement between the two firms, evidence assuring human rights due diligence was overlooked. It is said that the

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The United Arab Emirates was condemned in a report issued in April 2021 by the Democracy Centre for Transparency calling out the nation for its abuse and discrimination of foreigners and expatriates against Emirati citizens. According to DCT, foreigners and expatriates in the UAE are often subjected

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While no undocumented individual is technically able to work in the United States legally, undocumented workers make up 5% of the workforce. In the U.S., people who were born outside of the country tend to work in riskier jobs and have a higher chance of encountering death on the job. The low-wage

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lists several problems including "nonpayment of wages, extended working hours without overtime compensation, unsafe working environments resulting in death and injury, squalid living conditions in labor camps, and withholding of passports and travel documents by employers. Despite laws against the

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The Employment Protection Consolidation Act (EPCA) has established four fundamental regulations for women's employment rights. Firstly, there is the provision of Statutory Maternity Pay, which ensures that a minimum payment is made during the leave period. Secondly, there is the right to maternity

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However, labor unions are not necessarily welcoming of immigrant workers. Within unions, there have been internal struggles, such as when Los Angeles immigrant janitors reorganized service workers. Being a part of the union does not necessarily address all the needs of immigrant workers, and thus

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Aside from the right to organize, labor movements have campaigned on various other issues that may be said to relate to labor rights. The labor movement began to improve the working conditions of the workers. Dating back to 1768 the first strike of the New York journeyman tailors protested a wage

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Labor unions formed throughout the industries. Labor unions in the crafts discovered difficulty in forming labor unions at different skill levels. These skill groups often got divided into racial and sexist ways. In 1895, the white-only International Association of Machinists affiliated with the

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It is hard for children to fight for their basic rights, especially in the workplace. They are often under-treated. Employers take advantage of child labor because they lack the ability to bargain collectively and compromise to work at an unpleasant workplace. Almost 95% of child labor occurs in

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8.8.2, which measures the "Level of national compliance with labor rights (freedom of association and collective bargaining) based on International Labour Organization (ILO) textual sources and national legislation, by sex and migrant status. In the past, Penn State's Center for Global Workers’

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to limit the ability of African Americans to create a living for themselves. The Jim Crow laws passed in the 1800s were laws that forbade African Americans from living in white neighborhoods, along with segregation in public places. these were enforced for public pools, phone booths, hospitals,

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11Rose Biodo, 1216 Annan St., Philadelphia. 10 years old. Working 3 summers. Minds baby and carries berries, two pecks at a time. Whites Bog, Brown Mills, N.J. This is the fourth week of school and the people here expect to remain two weeks more. Witness E. F. Brown. Location: Browns Mills, New

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on labor rights are often argued. Payton and Woo's study shows that even though "workers may not see drastic increases in minimum wages but they will benefit marginally from better enforcement of existing minimum wage laws or other protections granted in law, gradually improving overall working

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Suggested citation: Coppedge, Michael, John Gerring, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Staffan I. Lindberg, Jan Teorell, David Altman, Michael Bernhard, Agnes Cornell, M. Steven Fish, Lisa Gastaldi, Haakon Gjerløw, Adam Glynn, Sandra Grahn, Allen Hicken, Katrin Kinzelbach, Kyle L. Marquardt, Kelly McMann,

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Undocumented people can and have joined labor unions, and are even credited by a 2008 dissertation for "reinvigorating" the labor movement. Because the NLRA protects undocumented workers, it protects their right to organize. However, the NLRA excludes workers that are agricultural, domestic,

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Valeriya Mechkova, Pamela Paxton, Daniel Pemstein, Johannes von Römer, Brigitte Seim, Rachel Sigman, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jeffrey Staton, Eitan Tzelgov, Luca Uberti, Yi-ting Wang, Tore Wig, and Daniel Ziblatt. 2022. "V-Dem Codebook v12" Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project.

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However, some argued that globalization can improve labor rights enforcement by responding to other country's demands. Governments will act in their national interests, so when an important trading country urges for strong labor rights enforcement, they will act accordingly.

1313:. There are many other issues outside of this core, in the UK employee rights include the right to employment particulars, an itemized pay statement, a disciplinary process at which they have the right to be accompanied, daily breaks, rest breaks, paid holidays, and more. 1503:. They see child labor as exploitative, and often economically damaging. Child labor opponents often argue that working children are deprived of an education. In 1948 and then again in 1989, the United Nations declared that children have a right to social protection. 1839:

The ITUC produces the Global Rights Index on an annual basis which rates "countries depending on their compliance with collective labor rights and document violations by governments and employers of internationally recognized rights." The ILO produces the data for

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Many migrant workers are not getting basic labor rights mainly because they do not speak the local language, regardless of legal status. Some have noticed that they are not getting the correct amount of money on their paycheck while others are underpaid.

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present distinct issues in labor rights. They may individually or as a demographic have occupational preferences or requests for accommodation which differ from neurotypical workers. While some neurodivergent people may need workplace support in a

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sectors, which many undocumented people work in, have the highest rates of wage and hour violation. Estimates claim that 31% of undocumented people work in service jobs. Restaurant work in particular has a 12% rate of undocumented workers.

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leave, which guarantees that women can take time off work and return to their job afterward. Additionally, women have the right to be reinstated to their original position. Finally, the EPCA has reinforced unfair dismissal rights.

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supported workers' interests as well. More recent workers' rights advocacy has focused on the particular role, exploitation, and needs of women workers, and of increasingly mobile global flows of casual, service, or guest workers.

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have released studies on products that have been identified as using child labor and industries using or funded by human trafficking. Labor rights are defined internationally by sources such as the Norwegian

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Sari, D., & Kucera, D. (2011). Measuring progress towards the application of freedom of association and collective bargaining rights: A tabular presentation of the findings of the ILO supervisory system.

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In neighboring countries such as Qatar, there is a similar problem. Qatar has received a lot of criticism over the way it treats its workers, including those that have worked on FIFA World Cup projects.

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Labor Law - Undocumented Immigrants - Second Circuit Holds Undocumented Workers Are Categorically Barred from Backpay under the National Labor Relations Act - Palma v. NLRB 723 F.3d 176 (2d Cir. 2013)

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laws, and there are continuing negotiations about increases to the minimum wage. However, opponents see minimum wage laws as limiting employment opportunities for unskilled and entry-level workers.

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There are several indices that measure labor rights produced by various organizations. Some focus on collective bargaining and freedom of association including in datasets produced by the

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was established in France in 2000, although this standard has been considerably weakened since then. Workers may agree with employers to work for longer, but the extra hours are payable

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produces a wide range of data on civil rights and democracy. This includes data on the prevalence of forced labor and data on civil society organizations, including trade unions.

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stands out as one of the earliest and most prominent advocates for workers' rights. His philosophy and economic theory focused on labor issues and advocates his economic system of

1856:'s World Policy Analysis Center maintains a database on a range of global legal standards including women's rights, disability rights, child labor, and employment discrimination. 1726: 2595:

Gantz, David A.; Reetz, C. Ryan; Aguilar-Alvarez, Guillermo; Paulsson, Jan (2011). "Labor Rights and Environmental Protection under NAFTA and Other U.S. Free Trade Agreements ".

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which stated that children under the age of 9 could not work, children aged 9–13 could only work 8 hours a day, and children aged 14–18 could only work for 12 hours a day.

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Very few ILO member countries have ratified all of these conventions due to domestic constraints yet as these rights are also recognized in the UDHR, and form a part of

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Immigrant workers often mobilize beyond unions, by campaigning in their communities on intersectional issues of immigration, discrimination, and police misconduct.

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Labor rights are a relatively new addition to the modern corpus of human rights. The modern concept of labor rights dates to the 19th century after the creation of

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in the Emirate. The DCT concluded its report urging the UAE to address the issues and put an end to the racial hierarchy and discrimination against non-citizens.

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Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development 1996 'Trade, Employment and Labour Standards: A Study of Core Workers' Rights and International Trade'

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firm withheld the passports and wages of the workers earning relatively lesser than the minimum wage and terminated them from the service without notice.

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The prohibition of all forms of forced labor: includes security from prison labor and slavery and prevents workers from being forced to work under duress.

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See Tucker, supra note 7, at 573; Weissman, supra note 7, at 11 ; Human Rights Watch, supra note 15, at 2; Cox, supra note 16, at 115.

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they are committed to respecting these rights. For a discussion on the incorporation of these core labor rights into the mechanisms of the

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Elimination of the worst forms of child labor: implementing a minimum working age and certain working condition requirements for children.

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Arat, Zehra F. (2002). "Analyzing Child Labor as a Human Rights Issue: Its Causes, Aggravating Policies, and Alternative Proposals".

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span, who was then the gentleman?" Laborers often appealed to traditional rights. For instance, English peasants fought against the

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What is considered a human right is in some cases controversial; not all the topics listed are universally accepted as human rights

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Rights has produced a set of labor rights indicators which use a similar methodology to the ILO, but have wider country coverage.

1141:. In general, these rights influence working conditions in the relations of employment. One of the most prominent is the right to 915: 4061: 3342: 2877: 1817: 1713: 398: 3862: 3802: 2298: 1993: 1261: 359: 3159:

The Intersection of Legal Status and Stratification: The Paradox of Immigration Law and Labor Protections in the United States

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Many labor movement campaigns have to do with limiting hours in the workplace. 19th century labor movements campaigned for an

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This article is about the legal and human rights associated with labor relations. For the Australian political faction, see

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that developing countries may hold. Core labor standards are important human rights and are recognized in widely ratified

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country but also at the global level. It suggests political authorities to "renew their attention to global solidarity".

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Freedom of association: workers are able to join trade unions that are independent of government and employer influence.

1408:, and elimination of illegal child labor from the sustainably sourced products and services. Organizations such as the 2878:"Essential Background: Overview of human rights issues in United Arab Emirates (UAE) (Human Rights Watch, 31-12-2005)" 2447: 1511:. An example of an industry in which instances of child labor lead to severe injury or death that have been noted are 3795: 3777: 3081:

Gleeson, Shannon (2010). "Labor Rights for All? The Role of Undocumented Immigrant Status for Worker Claims Making".

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The right to collective bargaining: workers may negotiate with employers collectively, as opposed to individually.

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The National Labor Relations Act recognizes undocumented laborers as employees. However, the supreme court case

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Labor rights advocates have worked to improve workplace conditions that meet established standards. During the

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Throughout history, workers claiming some sort of right have attempted to pursue their interests. During the

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Greenfield, Gerald (June 2001). "Core Labor Standards in the WTO: Reducing labor to a global commodity".

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Legal migrant workers are sometimes abused. For instance, migrants have faced a number of alleged abuses

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hazards and campaign for better labor practices and recognition of workers' rights throughout the world.

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for the rights of the workers were associated with groups influenced by Marx such as the socialists and

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Blanton, Robert; Blanton, Shannon Lindsey (March 2016). "Globalization and Collective Labor Rights".

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established that backpay could not be awarded to unlawfully fired undocumented employees due to the

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In 2007, Massachusetts updated its child labor laws that required all minors to have work permits.

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a result, poor countries implement a lower labor rights standard to compete with other countries.

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Spohr, Maximilian; Wolfrum, Rudiger; Borssen, Ana; Danz, Johannes; Renner, Sven (January 2016).

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Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Ratification and Reservations:

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winning power within the union is the first step for immigrant workers to address their needs.

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instruments such as the UN's Global Compact, the OECD Guidelines, and the ILO MNE Declaration.

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Seidman, Gay W. (2012). "Regulation at Work: Globalization, Labor Rights, and Development".

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expressed demand for better wages and working conditions. One of the leaders of the revolt,

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Workers' rights page at the Bureau of International Labor Affairs, U.S. Department of Labor

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Bacon, David (2007). "Rising from Below: Immigrant Workers Open New Organizing Fronts".

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Legal rights and human rights relating to labor relations between workers and employers

3388: 2881: 1590: 1404:, which includes promoting workers' rights and safe working conditions, prevention of 4106: 4066: 4019: 3967: 3892: 3313: 3120: 3094: 2856: 2781: 2536: 2503: 2218: 1594: 1405: 1212: 1146: 1066: 1031: 1016: 935: 920: 868: 841: 650: 601: 536: 479: 289: 145: 3405: 2306: 2270: 4096: 4012: 3977: 3303: 3293: 3098: 3090: 2905:"Dubai's Indian migrant workers are the emirate's 'foot soldiers of globalization'" 2848: 2761: 2569: 2532: 2483: 2364: 2214: 2158: 1531: 1335: 1236: 1011: 635: 625: 180: 3282:"Neurodiversity at work: a biopsychosocial model and the impact on working adults" 1366:, the United States began workplace reforms, which received publicity boosts from 4174: 4126: 4086: 3987: 3937: 1978: 1849: 1829: 1793: 1363: 1224: 1126: 1083: 1036: 1006: 976: 971: 873: 655: 469: 427: 349: 135: 2941: 2639:"Apple and Google named in US lawsuit over Congolese child cobalt mining deaths" 2334:. Agency for Public Management and eGovernment. 15 December 2015. Archived from 4116: 4041: 3997: 2351:"Attracting Investment: Governments' Strategic Role in Labor Rights Protection" 1777: 1762:

asylums, jails and residential homes for the elderly and handicapped and more.

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Koelnmesse, the company responsible for managing the pavilion representing

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Dataset on collective labor rights across all sovereign states, 1985–2002

1964: 1882: 1721:. In this court decision, it was also stated that the U.S. would support 1500: 1208: 1166: 1150: 373: 200: 170: 150: 31: 3241: 3112: 2773: 2608: 2581: 2544: 2495: 2378: 1639: 3927: 2573: 2369: 2350: 1934: 1929: 1825: 1372: 1228: 645: 339: 334: 3103: 3907: 1954: 1680: 1381: 1220: 1216: 1134: 454: 195: 190: 4169: 4007: 2669:. Max Planck Foundation for International Peace and the Rule of Law 2448:"Economic Globalization and Labor Rights:Towards Global Solidarity" 1805: 1684: 1339: 1269: 309: 707: 125: 3972: 3917: 3902: 3887: 2594: 1659: 1490: 1193:, which took traditionally communal lands and made them private. 1174: 1130: 484: 3524:

International Network for Economic, Social & Cultural Rights

3387:. International Labour Review, 2019, vol. 158, issue 3, 419-446. 3057:"Workers at Qatar's World Cup stadiums toil in debt and squalor" 1695:

in the workplace is illegal in many countries, but some see the

2837:"THE PREGNANT EMPLOYEE'S RIGHTS – A GUIDE TO YOUR LEGAL RIGHTS" 2521:(ed.). "Globalization and Labor Rights: Assessing the Impact". 2111:

Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights

1676: 1527: 1523: 1515: 1512: 1467: 699: 432: 1867: 3508: 3178:. National Immigration Law Center. March 2013. Archived from 3176:"The POWER Act: An Essential Component of Immigration Reform" 442: 3523: 1706: 1223:, a society that would be ruled by the workers. Many of the 1181:, famously argued that people were born equal saying, "When 3503: 3385:

New labour rights indicators: Method and trends for 2000–15

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between genders and other groups as a persistent problem.

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Payton, Autumn Lockwood; Byungwon, Woo (September 2014).

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Neurodiversity considerations may include people on the

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Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work

3423:"MCC's New Scorecard Indicator: Employment Opportunity" 3201:"How can undocumented immigrants legally form a union?" 2662: 1457:

Workers' rights advocates have been concerned with how

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Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy

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the working week is limited to a maximum of 48 hours

1863: 1540: 1391: 4180:Freedom from involuntary female genital mutilation 1499:Labor rights advocates have also worked to combat 2597:The University of Miami Inter-American Law Review 2305:. GSA Sustainable Facilities Tool. Archived from 4212: 2425:. No. 50. International Labour Organization 2017: 1316: 1311:Labour standards in the World Trade Organization 3260:Labor Commission on Racial and Economic Justice 3256:"A Brief History of Labor, Race and Solidarity" 2666:Human Rights Risks in Mining - A Baseline Study 3361:"Proposed Methodology for SDG Indicator 8.8.2" 2557: 2348: 1811: 3803: 3549: 2927:"Country Profile: United Arab Emirates (UAE)" 2694:Centre for Human Rights & Legal Pluralism 2293: 2291: 1925:Labor rights in American meatpacking industry 1579:The examples and perspective in this section 1091: 677: 3817: 1898:Institute for Global Labour and Human Rights 1675:The right to equal treatment, regardless of 1419:Agency for Public Management and eGovernment 3848:Freedom from arbitrary arrest and detention 3563: 3810: 3796: 3556: 3542: 3273: 3161:(PhD). University of California, Berkeley. 3152: 3150: 3148: 3146: 3144: 2872: 2870: 2469: 2467: 2288: 2204: 1719:Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 1597:, or create a new section, as appropriate. 1098: 1084: 684: 670: 3307: 3297: 3102: 3043:Business and Human Rights Resource Centre 2368: 2162: 2033: 2031: 1707:Undocumented workers in the United States 1613:Learn how and when to remove this message 1433:The labor movement pushes for guaranteed 89:Learn how and when to remove this message 3420: 2834: 2393:"A Fair Globalization, Making it Happen" 2195:ICCPR Art. 8, ILO Conventions 29 and 105 2038:Bank, Asian Development (October 2006). 1798:attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 1489: 52:This article includes a list of general 4062:Right to an adequate standard of living 3343:International Trade Union Confederation 3170: 3168: 3156: 3141: 3080: 2867: 2819: 2473: 2464: 2095:"Convention on the Rights of the Child" 1828:. Others, such as data produced by the 1818:International Trade Union Confederation 1714:Hoffman Plastic Compounds, Inc. v. NLRB 1670: 1357: 1243: 14: 4213: 3863:Cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment 3223: 3221: 2902: 2714: 2328:"Information about High-Risk Products" 2139: 2028: 2018:Hutchins, B. L.; Harrison, A. (1911). 1262:international human rights instruments 3791: 3537: 3438: 3436: 3416: 3414: 3412: 3399: 3397: 3395: 3379: 3377: 3355: 3353: 3329: 3327: 3279: 3227: 2636: 2621: 2516: 2442: 2416: 2150:European Journal of International Law 1561: 1547:Child labor laws in the United States 1266:Convention on the Rights of the Child 3165: 2749: 2037: 1888:Economic, social and cultural rights 1747: 1565: 38: 3230:Race, Poverty & the Environment 3218: 2802:. United States Department of Labor 2399:. International Labour Organization 1994:Workers' right to access the toilet 1802:developmental coordination disorder 1481:Labor rights issues by demographics 1445:conditions, as more FDI flows in." 1396:Recent initiatives in the field of 1160: 360:Workers' right to access the toilet 24: 3433: 3409: 3392: 3383:David Kucera and Dora Sari. 2019. 3374: 3350: 3324: 2788: 2715:Peyton, Nellie (2 November 2018). 1804:(DCD, also known as dyspraxia) or 1629: 1293:Non-discrimination in employment: 58:it lacks sufficient corresponding 25: 4237: 3983:Right to refuse medical treatment 3492: 3368:International Labour Organization 2992:Democracy Centre for Transparency 2963:Democracy Centre for Transparency 2687: 2637:Kelly, Annie (16 December 2019). 2113:, Ratification and Reservations: 2044:. Manila: Asian Development Bank. 1903:International Labour Organization 1822:International Labour Organization 1765: 1423:International Finance Corporation 1250:International Labour Organization 3658:Democratic Republic of the Congo 3514:International Labor Organization 3504:International Labor Rights Forum 3427:Millennium Challenge Corporation 3095:10.1111/j.1747-4469.2010.01196.x 2537:10.1111/j.1468-2486.2012.01117.x 2219:10.1111/j.1743-4580.2001.00009.x 2021:A History of Factory Legislation 1908:International Labor Rights Forum 1866: 1570: 1553:Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 1541:Child labor in the United States 1448: 1392:Safety and social sustainability 1378:Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire 706: 255:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 124: 43: 3478: 3454: 3335:"2022 ITUC Global Rights Index" 3248: 3193: 3157:Gleeson, Shannon Marie (2008). 3127: 3074: 3049: 3031: 3005: 2977: 2951: 2940:. December 2005. Archived from 2919: 2896: 2835:Williams, Audrey (1993-01-01). 2828: 2813: 2743: 2734: 2708: 2681: 2656: 2630: 2615: 2588: 2551: 2510: 2436: 2410: 2385: 2356:International Studies Quarterly 2342: 2320: 2263: 2234: 2231:CROC Art. 32 ILO Convention 138 2225: 2198: 2186:ICCPR Art.22, ILO Convention 98 2177:ICCPR Art.22, ILO Convention 87 1772:Neurodiversity and labor rights 1157:to improve working conditions. 733:Natural rights and legal rights 723:Claim rights and liberty rights 4195:Sexual and reproductive health 4092:Right to a healthy environment 3421:Fletcher, Terry (2022-10-13). 2903:Raymer, Steve (19 July 2005). 2248:. Citation Plc. Archived from 2189: 2180: 2171: 2133: 2086: 2057: 2048: 2011: 1940:Occupational safety and health 1485: 1428: 1325: 1277:The core labor standards are: 1155:right to collective bargaining 305:Occupational safety and health 300:Occupational safety and health 13: 1: 4112:Right to public participation 3529:ITUC Global Rights Index 2020 3137:. pp. Recent Cases 1236. 2069:United Nations Global Compact 2041:Core Labor Standards Handbook 2005: 1317:Labor rights issues by topics 761:Economic, social and cultural 428:Chronological list of strikes 4132:Right to science and culture 3448:World Policy Analysis Center 3280:Doyle, N (14 October 2020). 2524:International Studies Review 1842:Sustainable Development Goal 1376:and events such as the 1911 1057:Self-determination of people 738:Negative and positive rights 7: 3958:Right to keep and bear arms 3868:Freedom from discrimination 2626:. New York: Franklin Watts. 1919:Journal of Workplace Rights 1859: 1812:Measurement of Labor Rights 1783:medical model of disability 1636:in the United Arab Emirates 1593:, discuss the issue on the 1352:Working Time Directive 2003 1303:customary international law 728:Individual and group rights 10: 4242: 2841:Women in Management Review 1787:social model of disability 1769: 1551:In the United States, the 1544: 1442:foreign direct investments 1440:The benefits and costs of 29: 4155: 4122:Right to rest and leisure 4028: 3833: 3826: 3569: 2934:Federal Research Division 2853:10.1108/09649429310024214 2622:Prior, Katherine (1997). 2517:Anner, Mark (June 2012). 1400:have included a focus on 1145:, otherwise known as the 391:International comparisons 325:Right to rest and leisure 265:Employment discrimination 4137:Right to social security 4102:Right to Internet access 4047:Equal pay for equal work 3933:Presumption of innocence 3638:Central African Republic 3286:British Medical Bulletin 3083:Law & Social Inquiry 1410:U.S. Department of Labor 1307:World Trade Organization 1295:equal pay for equal work 1139:labor and employment law 715:Theoretical distinctions 176:Social movement unionism 4013:right to be a candidate 3843:Equality before the law 3564:Labor rights by country 2820:Watkins, Heidi (2011). 2299:"Social Sustainability" 2024:. P. S. King & Son. 1425:performance standards. 1149:. Workers organized in 386:Trade union federations 381:Trade unions by country 73:more precise citations. 3873:Freedom of information 3858:Freedom of association 2824:. Detroit: Greenhaven. 2753:Human Rights Quarterly 2423:World of Work Magazine 2417:DCOMM (1 March 2004). 1874:Organized labor portal 1496: 1143:freedom of association 954:Other groups of rights 285:Freedom of association 4185:Intersex human rights 3993:Right of self-defense 3948:Right to a fair trial 2766:10.1353/hrq.2002.0003 2488:10.1353/sor.2012.0019 2164:10.1093/ejil/15.3.457 1493: 1402:social sustainability 1258:comparative advantage 1233:democratic socialists 774:Rights by beneficiary 270:Employment protection 250:Collective bargaining 156:Exploitation of labor 4072:Right to development 3953:Right to family life 3903:Freedom from torture 3888:Freedom from slavery 3773:United Arab Emirates 2822:Teens and Employment 1974:employment contracts 1893:Industrial democracy 1671:Undocumented workers 1591:improve this section 1581:may not represent a 1509:developing countries 1358:Workplace conditions 1244:Core labor standards 1072:Water and sanitation 631:Industrial relations 620:Academic disciplines 216:National-syndicalism 186:Democratic socialism 3883:Freedom of religion 3878:Freedom of movement 3853:Freedom of assembly 3835:Civil and political 3299:10.1093/bmb/ldaa021 3205:The Hand That Feeds 2938:Library of Congress 2884:on 14 November 2008 1999:Workplace democracy 1755:Federation of Labor 1414:Department of State 1386:occupational health 1350:overtime (see also 756:Civil and political 211:Anarcho-syndicalism 4200:Right to sexuality 4077:Right to education 4003:Security of person 3898:Freedom of thought 3509:Human Rights Watch 2796:"Workers Under 18" 2574:10.1111/socf.12239 2561:Sociological Forum 2370:10.1111/isqu.12138 1984:Worker cooperative 1689:sexual orientation 1644:Human Rights Watch 1562:Pregnant employees 1497: 1248:Identified by the 1198:British Parliament 1191:enclosure movement 320:Professional abuse 4208: 4207: 4107:Right to property 4067:Right to clothing 4052:Fair remuneration 4020:Right to homeland 3968:Right to petition 3893:Freedom of speech 3785: 3784: 2446:(February 2014). 2242:"Employee Rights" 1972:: can be used in 1748:Unionized workers 1623: 1622: 1615: 1406:human trafficking 1213:industrialization 1147:right to organize 1108: 1107: 766:Three generations 694: 693: 651:Post-work society 480:Solidarity action 290:Legal working age 146:Conflict theories 99: 98: 91: 16:(Redirected from 4233: 4097:Right to housing 4031:Economic, social 3978:Right to protest 3973:Right to privacy 3812: 3805: 3798: 3789: 3788: 3558: 3551: 3544: 3535: 3534: 3487: 3482: 3476: 3475: 3473: 3472: 3458: 3452: 3451: 3440: 3431: 3430: 3418: 3407: 3401: 3390: 3381: 3372: 3371: 3365: 3357: 3348: 3347: 3339: 3331: 3322: 3321: 3311: 3301: 3277: 3271: 3270: 3268: 3267: 3252: 3246: 3245: 3225: 3216: 3215: 3213: 3212: 3197: 3191: 3190: 3188: 3187: 3172: 3163: 3162: 3154: 3139: 3138: 3131: 3125: 3124: 3106: 3078: 3072: 3071: 3069: 3068: 3053: 3047: 3046: 3035: 3029: 3028: 3026: 3024: 3009: 3003: 3002: 3000: 2998: 2989: 2981: 2975: 2974: 2972: 2970: 2955: 2949: 2948: 2946: 2931: 2923: 2917: 2916: 2911:. 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Archived from 2061: 2055: 2052: 2046: 2045: 2035: 2026: 2025: 2015: 1989:Workers' council 1876: 1871: 1870: 1683:and appearance, 1618: 1611: 1607: 1604: 1598: 1574: 1573: 1566: 1532:electric vehicle 1336:35-hour workweek 1237:social democrats 1231:. More moderate 1225:social movements 1202:Factory Act 1833 1171:Peasants' Revolt 1161:Labor background 1100: 1093: 1086: 1047:Rest and leisure 710: 696: 695: 686: 679: 672: 626:Critique of work 470:Pen-down strikes 181:Social democracy 128: 118: 108: 101: 100: 94: 87: 83: 80: 74: 69:this article by 60:inline citations 47: 46: 39: 21: 4241: 4240: 4236: 4235: 4234: 4232: 4231: 4230: 4211: 4210: 4209: 4204: 4175:Family planning 4160: 4151: 4127:Right of return 4087:Right to health 4035: 4032: 4024: 3988:Right to resist 3938:Right of asylum 3829: 3822: 3816: 3786: 3781: 3565: 3562: 3495: 3490: 3483: 3479: 3470: 3468: 3460: 3459: 3455: 3442: 3441: 3434: 3419: 3410: 3402: 3393: 3382: 3375: 3363: 3359: 3358: 3351: 3337: 3333: 3332: 3325: 3278: 3274: 3265: 3263: 3254: 3253: 3249: 3226: 3219: 3210: 3208: 3199: 3198: 3194: 3185: 3183: 3174: 3173: 3166: 3155: 3142: 3133: 3132: 3128: 3079: 3075: 3066: 3064: 3055: 3054: 3050: 3037: 3036: 3032: 3022: 3020: 3011: 3010: 3006: 2996: 2994: 2987: 2983: 2982: 2978: 2968: 2966: 2965:. 26 April 2021 2957: 2956: 2952: 2944: 2929: 2925: 2924: 2920: 2901: 2897: 2887: 2885: 2876: 2875: 2868: 2833: 2829: 2818: 2814: 2805: 2803: 2794: 2793: 2789: 2748: 2744: 2739: 2735: 2725: 2723: 2713: 2709: 2699: 2697: 2686: 2682: 2672: 2670: 2661: 2657: 2647: 2645: 2635: 2631: 2624:Workers' Rights 2620: 2616: 2593: 2589: 2556: 2552: 2515: 2511: 2476:Social Research 2472: 2465: 2441: 2437: 2428: 2426: 2415: 2411: 2402: 2400: 2391: 2390: 2386: 2347: 2343: 2332:anskaffelser.no 2326: 2325: 2321: 2312: 2310: 2297: 2296: 2289: 2280: 2278: 2277:. 31 March 2020 2269: 2268: 2264: 2255: 2253: 2240: 2239: 2235: 2230: 2226: 2203: 2199: 2194: 2190: 2185: 2181: 2176: 2172: 2138: 2134: 2125: 2123: 2114: 2104: 2102: 2093: 2091: 2087: 2078: 2076: 2063: 2062: 2058: 2053: 2049: 2036: 2029: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2003: 1979:Union organizer 1872: 1865: 1862: 1850:V-Dem Institute 1830:V-Dem Institute 1814: 1794:autism spectrum 1776:People who are 1774: 1768: 1750: 1709: 1673: 1640:including Dubai 1632: 1630:Migrant workers 1619: 1608: 1602: 1599: 1588: 1575: 1571: 1564: 1549: 1543: 1488: 1483: 1477: 1451: 1431: 1421:(DIFI) and the 1394: 1364:Progressive Era 1360: 1328: 1319: 1246: 1163: 1127:labor relations 1115:workers' rights 1104: 977:Civil liberties 690: 661: 660: 656:Refusal of work 636:Labor economics 621: 613: 612: 611: 516: 506: 505: 504: 495:Wildcat strikes 490:Whipsaw strikes 475:Sitdown strikes 422: 412: 411: 408: 376: 366: 365: 364: 350:Toxic workplace 234: 224: 223: 220: 138: 117:Organized labor 116: 106: 95: 84: 78: 75: 65:Please help to 64: 48: 44: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4239: 4229: 4228: 4223: 4206: 4205: 4203: 4202: 4197: 4192: 4187: 4182: 4177: 4172: 4166: 4164: 4153: 4152: 4150: 4149: 4144: 4142:Right to water 4139: 4134: 4129: 4124: 4119: 4117:Right of reply 4114: 4109: 4104: 4099: 4094: 4089: 4084: 4079: 4074: 4069: 4064: 4059: 4054: 4049: 4044: 4042:Digital rights 4038: 4036: 4029: 4026: 4025: 4023: 4022: 4017: 4016: 4015: 4005: 4000: 3998:Right to truth 3995: 3990: 3985: 3980: 3975: 3970: 3965: 3960: 3955: 3950: 3945: 3940: 3935: 3930: 3925: 3920: 3915: 3910: 3905: 3900: 3895: 3890: 3885: 3880: 3875: 3870: 3865: 3860: 3855: 3850: 3845: 3839: 3837: 3831: 3830: 3827: 3824: 3823: 3815: 3814: 3807: 3800: 3792: 3783: 3782: 3780: 3775: 3770: 3765: 3760: 3755: 3750: 3745: 3740: 3735: 3730: 3725: 3720: 3715: 3710: 3705: 3700: 3695: 3690: 3685: 3680: 3675: 3670: 3665: 3660: 3655: 3650: 3645: 3640: 3635: 3630: 3625: 3620: 3615: 3610: 3605: 3600: 3595: 3590: 3585: 3580: 3575: 3570: 3567: 3566: 3561: 3560: 3553: 3546: 3538: 3532: 3531: 3526: 3521: 3516: 3511: 3506: 3501: 3494: 3493:External links 3491: 3489: 3488: 3477: 3453: 3432: 3408: 3391: 3373: 3349: 3323: 3292:(1): 108–125. 3272: 3247: 3217: 3192: 3164: 3140: 3126: 3089:(3): 561–602. 3073: 3048: 3030: 3004: 2976: 2950: 2947:on 2006-02-19. 2918: 2915:on 2005-08-04. 2909:The Daily Star 2895: 2866: 2827: 2812: 2787: 2760:(1): 177–204. 2742: 2733: 2707: 2688:Haile, Hanna. 2680: 2655: 2629: 2614: 2603:(2): 297–366. 2587: 2568:(1): 181–202. 2550: 2531:(2): 343–345. 2509: 2463: 2435: 2409: 2384: 2363:(3): 462–474. 2341: 2338:on 2016-10-07. 2319: 2287: 2262: 2246:citation.co.uk 2233: 2224: 2197: 2188: 2179: 2170: 2157:(3): 457–521. 2141:Alston, Philip 2132: 2085: 2056: 2047: 2027: 2009: 2007: 2004: 2002: 2001: 1996: 1991: 1986: 1981: 1976: 1970:Smart contract 1967: 1962: 1957: 1952: 1947: 1942: 1937: 1932: 1927: 1922: 1915: 1910: 1905: 1900: 1895: 1890: 1885: 1879: 1878: 1877: 1861: 1858: 1813: 1810: 1778:neurodivergent 1770:Main article: 1767: 1766:Neurodiversity 1764: 1749: 1746: 1708: 1705: 1693:Discrimination 1672: 1669: 1631: 1628: 1621: 1620: 1585:of the subject 1583:worldwide view 1578: 1576: 1569: 1563: 1560: 1542: 1539: 1487: 1484: 1482: 1479: 1450: 1447: 1430: 1427: 1398:sustainability 1393: 1390: 1368:Upton Sinclair 1359: 1356: 1344:European Union 1332:eight-hour day 1327: 1324: 1318: 1315: 1299: 1298: 1291: 1288: 1285: 1282: 1264:including the 1245: 1242: 1211:following the 1162: 1159: 1106: 1105: 1103: 1102: 1095: 1088: 1080: 1077: 1076: 1075: 1074: 1069: 1064: 1059: 1054: 1049: 1044: 1039: 1034: 1029: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1009: 1004: 1002:Free migration 999: 994: 989: 984: 979: 974: 969: 964: 956: 955: 951: 950: 949: 948: 943: 938: 933: 928: 923: 918: 913: 908: 903: 898: 893: 892: 891: 886: 876: 871: 866: 865: 864: 854: 849: 844: 839: 834: 829: 824: 819: 814: 809: 804: 799: 794: 789: 784: 776: 775: 771: 770: 769: 768: 763: 758: 750: 749: 743: 742: 741: 740: 735: 730: 725: 717: 716: 712: 711: 703: 702: 692: 691: 689: 688: 681: 674: 666: 663: 662: 659: 658: 653: 648: 643: 638: 633: 628: 622: 619: 618: 615: 614: 610: 609: 604: 602:United Kingdom 599: 594: 589: 584: 579: 574: 569: 564: 559: 554: 549: 544: 539: 534: 529: 524: 518: 517: 512: 511: 508: 507: 503: 502: 497: 492: 487: 482: 477: 472: 467: 462: 457: 452: 451: 450: 445: 438:General strike 435: 430: 424: 423: 418: 417: 414: 413: 410: 409: 407: 406: 401: 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3989: 3986: 3984: 3981: 3979: 3976: 3974: 3971: 3969: 3966: 3964: 3963:Right to life 3961: 3959: 3956: 3954: 3951: 3949: 3946: 3944: 3941: 3939: 3936: 3934: 3931: 3929: 3926: 3924: 3921: 3919: 3916: 3914: 3911: 3909: 3906: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3896: 3894: 3891: 3889: 3886: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3869: 3866: 3864: 3861: 3859: 3856: 3854: 3851: 3849: 3846: 3844: 3841: 3840: 3838: 3836: 3832: 3825: 3821: 3813: 3808: 3806: 3801: 3799: 3794: 3793: 3790: 3779: 3778:United States 3776: 3774: 3771: 3769: 3766: 3764: 3761: 3759: 3756: 3754: 3751: 3749: 3746: 3744: 3741: 3739: 3736: 3734: 3731: 3729: 3726: 3724: 3721: 3719: 3716: 3714: 3711: 3709: 3706: 3704: 3701: 3699: 3696: 3694: 3693:Liechtenstein 3691: 3689: 3686: 3684: 3681: 3679: 3676: 3674: 3671: 3669: 3666: 3664: 3661: 3659: 3656: 3654: 3651: 3649: 3646: 3644: 3641: 3639: 3636: 3634: 3631: 3629: 3626: 3624: 3621: 3619: 3616: 3614: 3611: 3609: 3606: 3604: 3601: 3599: 3596: 3594: 3591: 3589: 3586: 3584: 3581: 3579: 3576: 3574: 3571: 3568: 3559: 3554: 3552: 3547: 3545: 3540: 3539: 3536: 3530: 3527: 3525: 3522: 3520: 3517: 3515: 3512: 3510: 3507: 3505: 3502: 3500: 3497: 3496: 3486: 3481: 3467: 3463: 3457: 3449: 3445: 3439: 3437: 3428: 3424: 3417: 3415: 3413: 3406: 3400: 3398: 3396: 3389: 3386: 3380: 3378: 3369: 3362: 3356: 3354: 3345: 3344: 3336: 3330: 3328: 3319: 3315: 3310: 3305: 3300: 3295: 3291: 3287: 3283: 3276: 3261: 3257: 3251: 3243: 3239: 3235: 3231: 3224: 3222: 3206: 3202: 3196: 3182:on 2019-11-15 3181: 3177: 3171: 3169: 3160: 3153: 3151: 3149: 3147: 3145: 3136: 3130: 3122: 3118: 3114: 3110: 3105: 3100: 3096: 3092: 3088: 3084: 3077: 3062: 3058: 3052: 3044: 3040: 3034: 3018: 3014: 3008: 2993: 2986: 2980: 2964: 2960: 2954: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2928: 2922: 2914: 2910: 2906: 2899: 2883: 2879: 2873: 2871: 2862: 2858: 2854: 2850: 2846: 2842: 2838: 2831: 2823: 2816: 2801: 2797: 2791: 2783: 2779: 2775: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2754: 2746: 2737: 2722: 2718: 2711: 2695: 2691: 2684: 2668: 2667: 2659: 2644: 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