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production back from the military, saving 15,000 jobs. The five aircraft were re-converted into L-049 civilian airliners and put up for sale on the market. These modifications included removal of the retractable tail stand; along with the inclusion of a luxury interior, more portholes, a galley, and crew relief areas. Better ventilation, insulation and heating were also added. The powerplants were replaced by R-3350-745C18BA-1 engines (the civilian equivalent to the wartime R-3350-35). Design tests did not need to be conducted, as
Lockheed had already tasked them to the C-69 aircraft during the war (one of the C-69s also completed the trials for the civilian airworthiness certificate on December 11, 1945). This made the development of L-049 months ahead of the competing
682:
40:
538:
293:. It was decided instead to start from scratch using some original characteristics of the Excalibur. The design was lengthened from 74 ft 3 in (22.63 m) to 95 ft 9 in (29.18 m) and the wingspan was increased to 102 ft 4 in (31.19 m). Six different layouts of the cockpit envisaged, including a "Bug-Eye" proposal in which the pilot and co-pilot would sit in separate domes next to each other. In the end, it was decided to use a single curvature design with all-around glazing. Three weeks later, the new design was presented.
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416:(Boeing's chief test pilot who was borrowed for the occasion) at the controls. When the flight ended, Allen stated "This machine works so well that you don't need me anymore!". With that, Allen returned to Boeing. On April 17, 1944, the second production C-69 was flown by Howard Hughes and Jack Frye, President TWA on a flight between Burbank and Washington DC that took little less than seven hours. The aircraft was painted in full TWA livery for the occasion, and actress
618:
599:(who went on to create the original Star Trek television series), suffered an engine failure which led to the overheating of the remaining engines until one caught fire, which spread to the aircraft. When an engine fell from the aircraft, it was unable to maintain altitude, resulting in a crash in the Syrian desert 4 miles (6.4 km) from the town of
412:. In December 1942, the XC-69 prototype was rolled out. This was the first four engined aircraft to be produced by Lockheed. Several ground tests were performed on the XC-69 that same month. The final inspections were taken out on the XC-69 in January 1943, and the aircraft first flew on January 9 with
435:
Due to problems with the
Constellation's powerplant, the R-3350, the aircraft were grounded in February 1943. Flight testing resumed in June 1943. Problems with the R-3350 however, continued and production of the R-3350 was halted until the problems with the engines could be solved. This slowed down
389:(a bomber version of the Constellation) in 1941, military officials gave Lockheed the go-ahead to build 80 Constellations, on the condition that other aircraft on their assembly lines would not be affected. With this, Lockheed could now put more attention towards building the Constellation airliner.
457:
As World War II drew to a close, large quantities of military surplus became available on the civilian market along with the cancellation of the remaining C-69 Constellations still in production. With the
Constellation's design at risk, Lockheed purchased the five remaining C-69 transports still in
379:
inspected
Lockheed's Burbank facility which housed the Constellation prototype. The secret could no longer be kept, and Lockheed announced the existence of the Constellation to the world. Even so, the secret of the Constellation's development remains one of the best kept industrial secrets to this
408:, causing the United States to enter the war. This meant that Lockheed's production lines were now under military control for the war effort. In March 1942, the 80 L-049 Constellations planned for airline use were requisitioned by the Air Transport Command, and given the military designation
336:
redesign the cabin to his liking. A complete life sized mock up of the
Excalibur was eventually constructed with battery operated retractable landing gear. The gear mechanisms were tested on the mock up for design validation before production began. The powerplant itself was tested on a
321:, fund the construction of the airliner. Hughes ordered 40 Excaliburs on July 10, 1940, making the order the largest in airline history at the time. The development was to be kept a secret until the 35th aircraft was delivered to TWA. This was done in order to keep competitors such as
341:
which was nicknamed "Vent-ellation" for the occasion. The name "Excalibur" was later dropped as the new aircraft had nothing in common with the original L-044 design. The name "Constellation" was picked up as an unofficial nickname until the intervention of the military.
558:
went instead to
Douglas and ordered the competing DC-6 (AOA, the overseas subsidiary of American Airlines, still purchased the L-049). The first commercial flight of the L-049 occurred on February 5, 1946, with TWA's "Star of Paris" flying from
579:
that flew before it. AOA, BOAC, and Air France all started L-049 operations later that year. Due to requests by the airlines, production ceased in 1946, in favor of a more standard civilian
Constellation, which became the
316:
as the back-up. Re-designed, the
Excalibur was to be priced at $ 450,000, making it the most expensive airliner on the drawing board. Since TWA was unable to provide funding, Howard Hughes had his other company, the
384:
jumped in and ordered four examples. However, production couldn't begin right away, as production of warplanes destined for Great
Britain required Lockheed’s production facilities. After cancellation of the
444:
was also further developed than the
Constellation. With the end of the war now in sight, the original order of 260 C-69s was first reduced to 73 then cancelled. Only 22 C-69s were ever constructed for the
549:
The first production L-049 flew on July 12, 1945, and was delivered to TWA on November 14, 1945. Pan Am received its first L-049 on January 5, 1946. Due to clauses imposed on Lockheed by Howard Hughes,
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When Hughes was brought in to look at a scale mock up of the Excalibur's cabin, he was not pleased with the outcome and stated "It's not what I expected". Hughes later had
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1040:
TWA "History" by TWA also I am in possession of a document (Postmarked Postal Cover celebrating this flight and hand signed by both Jack Frye & Howard Hughes)
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When the meeting ended with Hughes and Frye, the executives immediately started on improving the Excalibur to meet Hughes' expectations. One idea was to use the
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278:. During the meeting Hughes expressed his concerns for what he called the "airliner of the future". Lockheed's airliner under development at the time, the
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day. Juan Trippe took advantage of this situation and ordered 22 L-049 Constellations and 18 L-149 Constellations (a model with a larger fuel capacity).
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3165:
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Breffort, Dominique. Lockheed Constellation: from Excalibur to Starliner Civilian and Military Variants. Paris: Histoire and Collecions, 2006. Print.
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Breffort, Dominique. Lockheed Constellation: from Excalibur to Starliner Civilian and Military Variants. Histoire and Collecions, 2006, pp. 6–23.
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The Constellation had several technological advancements such as electric de-icing, hydraulic assisted controls, reversible pitch propellers and
954:
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1124:– A website that explains information and whereabouts of surviving Constellations of all variants, including the L-049 Constellation.
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349:, which allowed the Constellation to fly above the clouds. Lockheed had done pressurization in an aircraft before, with the
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Initial production variant powered by two R-3350-745C18BA-1 radials. Originally produced as the C-69 before 1945. 87 built.
148:
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575:. On January 14, 1946, Pan Am began flying its L-049 equipment between Bermuda and New York, replacing the slower
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and was the first civilian version after the war. When production ended in 1946 it was replaced by the improved
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470:(which was still on the drawing board). 89 aircraft had been ordered by November 1945. The L-049 was used by
266:(later Trans World Airlines and abbreviated TWA), held a meeting at his Hancock Park residence in California.
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1972:
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was the troubled powerplant of the Constellation and caused delays in the development of the aircraft.
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2318:
2308:
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1967:
1891:
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626:
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1977:
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2018:
1941:
1906:
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467:
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17:
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2013:
1936:
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440:(for which the R-3350 had been originally developed) taking priority in engine supply. The
405:
136:
82:
48:
8:
3311:
3028:
2878:
2533:
2368:
2094:
2008:
1789:
1468:
392:
318:
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from ordering the aircraft and competing with TWA. The secret was apparently well kept.
3788:
3688:
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2713:
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1993:
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178:
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2150:
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1957:
1769:
1614:
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1411:
1406:
1401:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1260:
1219:
1162:
555:
475:
413:
279:
3378:
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18-cylinder air-cooled radial piston engine, 2,200 hp (1,600 kW) each
3812:
3782:
3764:
3730:
3700:
3670:
3595:
3456:
3431:
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2313:
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2145:
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2038:
2023:
2003:
1998:
1962:
1743:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1671:
1635:
1547:
1343:
937:
917:
436:
the development of the Constellation. Further setbacks occurred, including the
350:
346:
305:
200:
3911:
2898:
2603:
2216:
2201:
2196:
2033:
1931:
1753:
1748:
1733:
1578:
1442:
1229:
1199:
1184:
560:
368:
333:
290:
286:
259:
3867:
3860:
3033:
2798:
2708:
2608:
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2073:
2028:
1835:
1825:
1804:
1452:
912:
907:
898:
755:
748:
463:
423:
372:
230:
591:
On the evening of June 18, 1947, the Lockheed L-049 Constellation serving
2125:
1050:
649:
Designation given to L-049 aircraft refitted with a larger fuel capacity.
417:
322:
1157:
2130:
1007:
603:
in the early morning of June 19, 1947 and the death of fifteen people.
499:
617:
270:(then president of TWA) attended along with three executives from the
267:
806:
3,995 mi (6,429 km, 3,472 nmi) with maximum fuel load
672:
List of accidents and incidents involving the Lockheed Constellation
992:
1121:
817:
2,290 mi (1,990 nmi; 3,685 km) with maximum payload
740:
600:
568:
483:
630:
304:. The wings of the aircraft were similar to those used by the
564:
511:
386:
1008:
L1049 Super Constellation – Lockheed Constellation Survivors
685:
3-view line drawing of the Lockheed Model 049 Constellation
595:, known as the Clipper Eclipse and crewed by third officer
567:. The flight lasted nearly 17 hours, stopping over in both
507:
1030:. (Washington). (AP photo). February 28, 1942. p. 1.
503:
471:
381:
993:
California Classic Propliners – Lockheed Constellations
356:
657:
Company designation for the sole C-69C built for the
1024:"Wirephoto: Model shows giant transport being built"
883:
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
785:
3-bladed constant-speed fully-feathering propellers
3408:
3909:
308:fighter. The aircraft was to be powered by four
3394:
1143:
955:List of models of the Lockheed Constellation
680:
3401:
3387:
1150:
1136:
665:
800:313 mph (504 km/h, 272 kn)
676:
253:
225:aircraft line. It entered service as the
104:July 12, 1945 (Postwar production L-049)
960:List of Lockheed Constellation operators
616:
536:
520:
422:
391:
1077:"The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage"
27:US airliner with 4 piston engines, 1943
14:
3910:
102:January 9, 1943 (War production C-69)
3382:
1131:
706:4 Pilots and 2 to 4 Flight Attendants
531:London Heathrow International Airport
400:On December 7, 1941, Japanese forces
296:The design was given the designation
1074:
1068:
1016:
357:World War II and further development
3189:
862:Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation
718:95 ft 3 in (29.03 m)
24:
1043:
977:
736:1,650 sq ft (153 m)
730:23 ft 8 in (7.21 m)
452:
264:Transcontinental & Western Air
25:
3964:
1115:
518:, and other less-known airlines.
289:engines in place of the proposed
282:, did not meet the requirements.
1122:Lockheed Constellation Survivors
867:Lockheed C-121/R7V Constellation
227:C-69 military transport aircraft
38:
769:86,250 lb (39,122 kg)
763:49,392 lb (22,404 kg)
613:Lockheed Constellation variants
3760:LAV Flight 253 (November 1956)
1034:
1001:
986:
168:88 (14 Military, 74 Civilian)
51:L-049 Constellation in flight
13:
1:
3928:Four-engined tractor aircraft
3923:1940s United States airliners
3831:Paradise Airlines Flight 901A
965:
831:25,300 ft (7,700 m)
659:United States Army Air Forces
447:United States Army Air Forces
272:Lockheed Aircraft Corporation
235:United States Army Air Forces
3948:Four-engined piston aircraft
3943:Aircraft first flown in 1943
872:Lockheed EC-121 Warning Star
857:Lockheed L-649 Constellation
449:and only 15 were delivered.
429:Wright R-3350 Duplex-Cyclone
310:Wright R-3350 Duplex-Cyclone
219:Lockheed L-049 Constellation
7:
1055:American Museum of Aviation
852:Lockheed C-69 Constellation
835:
692:American Museum of Aviation
606:
396:Prototype XC-69, circa 1943
363:Lockheed C-69 Constellation
221:was the first model of the
10:
3969:
3749:LAV Flight 253 (June 1956)
877:Lockheed L-1649A Starliner
669:
610:
527:Pan American World Airways
496:Pan American-Grace Airways
492:American Overseas Airlines
488:Pan American World Airways
402:launched a surprise attack
360:
327:Pan American World Airways
314:Pratt & Whitney R-2800
248:
210:L-1049 Super Constellation
145:American Overseas Airlines
141:Pan American World Airways
3884:
3852:
3661:
3588:
3542:
3419:
3369:
2185:
2169:
2118:
2087:
1986:
1950:
1924:
1849:
1813:
1762:
1726:
1719:
1659:
1628:
1592:
1561:
1535:
1528:
1461:
1425:
1352:
1286:
1238:
1177:
1170:
950:List of Lockheed aircraft
46:
37:
32:
3580:Super Constellation (II)
889:Boeing 377 Stratocruiser
777:Wright R-3350-745C18BA-1
460:Boeing 377 Stratocruiser
404:on the US Naval base in
377:Wartime Production Board
367:A few months before the
276:Clarence "Kelly" Johnson
274:which included designer
93:Clarence "Kelly" Johnson
3663:Accidents and incidents
3575:Super Constellation (I)
1165:aircraft and spacecraft
1081:m-selig.ae.illinois.edu
1028:Spokane Daily Chronicle
724:123 ft (37 m)
697:General characteristics
666:Accidents and incidents
627:Wings of a Dream Museum
529:L-049 Constellation at
3938:Lockheed Constellation
1010:; Petersen, Ralph M.;
928:Republic XF-12 Rainbow
923:Lockheed L-188 Electra
847:Lockheed Constellation
686:
677:Specifications (L-049)
634:
621:An L-049 preserved in
546:
543:Trans European Airways
534:
442:Douglas C-54 Skymaster
432:
397:
254:Design and development
223:Lockheed Constellation
3807:Air France Flight 406
3795:Air France Flight 343
3725:Air France Flight 178
3719:Air France Flight 152
3695:Air France Flight 009
3589:Military designations
1353:C-130 Hercules family
1220:8-D, E & G Altair
684:
620:
540:
524:
468:Republic RC-2 Rainbow
426:
395:
3953:Triple-tail aircraft
3777:Lufthansa Flight 502
3737:Air India Flight 300
3707:Air India Flight 245
3413:Constellation family
1562:Shooting Star family
1426:L-188 Electra family
1287:Constellation family
406:Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
137:Trans World Airlines
49:Trans World Airlines
33:L-049 Constellation
3560:Constellation (III)
841:Related development
767:Max takeoff weight:
319:Hughes Tool Company
243:L-749 Constellation
206:L-649 Constellation
133:Primary users
3789:Avianca Flight 671
3689:Pan Am Flight 1-10
3555:Constellation (II)
1593:Starfighter family
687:
635:
577:Boeing 314 Clipper
547:
535:
516:Cubana de Aviación
438:B-29 Superfortress
433:
398:
189:C-69 Constellation
59:Transport/Airliner
3933:Low-wing aircraft
3918:Lockheed aircraft
3905:
3904:
3713:Pan Am Flight 151
3683:Pan Am Flight 121
3550:Constellation (I)
3376:
3375:
3365:
3364:
1920:
1919:
1715:
1714:
1524:
1523:
1251:12 Electra Junior
1075:Lednicer, David.
894:Bristol Britannia
593:Pan Am Flight 121
552:American Airlines
312:radials with the
215:
214:
112:February 5, 1946
16:(Redirected from
3960:
3875:Kashmir Princess
3853:Notable aircraft
3843:LANSA Flight 501
3771:KLM Flight 607-E
3743:El Al Flight 402
3403:
3396:
3389:
3380:
3379:
3338:
3333:
3323:
3303:
3293:
3268:
3263:
3248:
3238:
3228:
3213:
3208:
3187:
3186:
2395:
2390:
2380:
2340:
2325:
2285:
2265:
2223:
1727:Blackbird family
1724:
1723:
1536:Lightning family
1533:
1532:
1324:L-1649 Starliner
1256:14 Super Electra
1206:
1175:
1174:
1152:
1145:
1138:
1129:
1128:
1092:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1072:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1051:"Lockheed L-049"
1047:
1041:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1020:
1014:
1012:Retrieved 9/5/11
1005:
999:
997:Retrieved 9/5/11
990:
984:
981:
933:Vickers Viscount
829:Service ceiling:
793:
712:60–81 Passengers
699:
623:Panair do Brasil
597:Gene Roddenberry
480:Capital Airlines
197:
175:
165:
69:
61:Type of aircraft
42:
30:
29:
21:
3968:
3967:
3963:
3962:
3961:
3959:
3958:
3957:
3908:
3907:
3906:
3901:
3880:
3848:
3819:IA Flight 201/8
3677:TWA Flight 6963
3657:
3584:
3538:
3415:
3407:
3377:
3372:
3361:
3336:
3331:
3321:
3301:
3291:
3266:
3261:
3246:
3236:
3226:
3211:
3206:
3185:
2393:
2388:
2378:
2338:
2323:
2283:
2263:
2221:
2188:
2181:
2165:
2114:
2083:
1982:
1946:
1916:
1877:Desert Hawk III
1867:Cormorant (UAV)
1845:
1831:YO-3 Quiet Star
1809:
1785:P2V/P-2 Neptune
1763:Maritime patrol
1758:
1739:SR-71 Blackbird
1711:
1655:
1624:
1588:
1557:
1529:Fighter-bombers
1520:
1457:
1421:
1348:
1282:
1234:
1204:
1166:
1163:Lockheed Martin
1156:
1118:
1096:
1095:
1085:
1083:
1073:
1069:
1059:
1057:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1039:
1035:
1022:
1021:
1017:
1006:
1002:
995:; Gibson, Tom;
991:
987:
982:
978:
968:
838:
789:
695:
679:
674:
668:
615:
609:
556:United Airlines
476:Delta Air Lines
455:
453:Postwar service
365:
359:
280:L-044 Excalibur
262:, the owner of
256:
251:
208:
204:
195:
179:L-044 Excalibur
173:
163:
147:
143:
139:
103:
68:National origin
67:
62:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3966:
3956:
3955:
3950:
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3879:
3878:
3871:
3864:
3856:
3854:
3850:
3849:
3847:
3846:
3840:
3837:EAL Flight 853
3834:
3828:
3825:FTL Flight 739
3822:
3816:
3813:TWA Flight 529
3810:
3804:
3801:TWA Flight 266
3798:
3792:
3786:
3783:TWA Flight 891
3780:
3774:
3768:
3765:KLM Flight 844
3762:
3757:
3751:
3746:
3740:
3734:
3731:KLM Flight 633
3728:
3722:
3716:
3710:
3704:
3701:TWA Flight 903
3698:
3692:
3686:
3680:
3674:
3671:TWA Flight 513
3667:
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3565:Speedfreighter
3562:
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3406:
3405:
3398:
3391:
3383:
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3367:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3360:
3359:
3354:
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3344:
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3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
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3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
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3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3193:
3191:
3184:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
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3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
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3123:
3118:
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3108:
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3098:
3093:
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3078:
3073:
3068:
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3016:
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3006:
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2696:
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2676:
2671:
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2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
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2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
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2541:
2536:
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2326:
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2316:
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2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2240:
2239:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2193:
2191:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2179:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2122:
2120:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2091:
2089:
2088:Light aircraft
2085:
2084:
2082:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1968:AH-56 Cheyenne
1965:
1960:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1928:
1926:
1922:
1921:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1853:
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1828:
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1797:
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1787:
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1772:
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1764:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1730:
1728:
1721:
1720:Reconnaissance
1717:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1663:
1661:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1625:
1623:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1596:
1594:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1565:
1563:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1539:
1537:
1530:
1526:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1518:
1513:
1511:Vega Starliner
1508:
1503:
1498:
1497:
1496:
1489:L-1011 Tristar
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1458:
1456:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1429:
1427:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1393:
1392:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1283:
1281:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1264:
1263:
1253:
1248:
1242:
1240:
1239:Electra family
1236:
1235:
1233:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1185:1 & 2 Vega
1181:
1179:
1172:
1168:
1167:
1155:
1154:
1147:
1140:
1132:
1126:
1125:
1117:
1116:External links
1114:
1113:
1112:
1101:
1100:
1094:
1093:
1067:
1042:
1033:
1015:
1000:
985:
975:
974:
973:
972:
967:
964:
963:
962:
957:
952:
941:
940:
938:Tupolev Tu-114
935:
930:
925:
920:
918:Ilyushin Il-18
915:
910:
905:
903:C-54 Skymaster
896:
891:
880:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
837:
834:
833:
832:
825:
824:
823:
822:
821:
820:
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818:
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801:
787:
786:
780:
770:
764:
758:
737:
731:
725:
719:
713:
707:
678:
675:
670:Main article:
667:
664:
663:
662:
655:
651:
650:
647:
643:
642:
639:
625:colors at the
611:Main article:
608:
605:
588:respectively.
454:
451:
420:was on board.
361:Main article:
358:
355:
351:Lockheed XC-35
347:pressurization
306:P-38 Lightning
291:Wright GR-1820
258:In June 1939,
255:
252:
250:
247:
213:
212:
201:Lockheed XB-30
198:
196:Developed into
192:
191:
186:
182:
181:
176:
174:Developed from
170:
169:
166:
160:
159:
156:
152:
151:
134:
130:
129:
126:
122:
121:
118:
114:
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52:
44:
43:
35:
34:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3965:
3954:
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3949:
3946:
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3936:
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3931:
3929:
3926:
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3811:
3808:
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3532:
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3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3499:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
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3478:
3475:
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3470:
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3465:
3463:
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3448:
3445:
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3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3424:
3422:
3420:Model numbers
3418:
3414:
3411:
3404:
3399:
3397:
3392:
3390:
3385:
3384:
3381:
3368:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3188:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3065:
3062:
3061:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
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2550:
2547:
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2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
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2397:
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2387:
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2382:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2190:
2184:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2168:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2121:
2117:
2111:
2110:Little Dipper
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2092:
2090:
2086:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1985:
1979:
1978:VH-92 Patriot
1976:
1974:
1973:VH-71 Kestrel
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1949:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1923:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1848:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1812:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1800:CP-140 Aurora
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1761:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
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1725:
1722:
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1675:
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1662:
1658:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1631:
1629:Raptor family
1627:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1591:
1585:
1582:
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1566:
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1560:
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1527:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
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1502:
1499:
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1491:
1490:
1487:
1485:
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1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1464:
1460:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1294:Constellation
1292:
1291:
1289:
1285:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1241:
1237:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1190:3 Air Express
1188:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1173:
1169:
1164:
1160:
1153:
1148:
1146:
1141:
1139:
1134:
1133:
1130:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1111:
1110:2-915239-62-2
1107:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1097:
1082:
1078:
1071:
1056:
1052:
1046:
1037:
1029:
1025:
1019:
1013:
1009:
1004:
998:
994:
989:
980:
976:
970:
969:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
947:
946:
945:
944:Related lists
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
886:
885:
884:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
844:
843:
842:
830:
827:
826:
816:
815:
814:
813:
812:
811:
810:
809:
805:
802:
799:
798:Cruise speed:
796:
795:
794:
792:
784:
781:
778:
774:
771:
768:
765:
762:
761:Empty weight:
759:
757:
754:
750:
747:
744:
742:
738:
735:
732:
729:
726:
723:
720:
717:
714:
711:
708:
705:
702:
701:
700:
698:
693:
691:
683:
673:
660:
656:
653:
652:
648:
645:
644:
640:
637:
636:
632:
628:
624:
619:
614:
604:
602:
598:
594:
589:
587:
583:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
561:New York City
557:
553:
544:
539:
532:
528:
523:
519:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
450:
448:
443:
439:
430:
425:
421:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
394:
390:
388:
383:
378:
374:
370:
369:United States
364:
354:
352:
348:
343:
340:
335:
334:Raymond Loewy
330:
328:
324:
320:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
294:
292:
288:
287:Wright R-2600
283:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
260:Howard Hughes
246:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
211:
207:
202:
199:
194:
193:
190:
187:
184:
183:
180:
177:
172:
171:
167:
162:
161:
157:
154:
153:
150:
146:
142:
138:
135:
132:
131:
127:
124:
123:
119:
116:
115:
111:
109:Introduction
108:
107:
101:
99:First flight
98:
97:
94:
91:
88:
87:
84:
81:
79:Manufacturer
78:
77:
74:
73:United States
71:
66:
65:
58:
55:
54:
50:
45:
41:
36:
31:
19:
3873:
3868:Columbine II
3866:
3861:Avion Pirata
3859:
3754:TWA Flight 2
3549:
3466:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3426:
3371:Not assigned
2858:
2598:
2573:
2548:
2423:
2019:Star Clipper
1987:Experimental
1814:Other crewed
1780:PV-2 Harpoon
1775:PV-1 Ventura
1298:
1099:Bibliography
1084:. Retrieved
1080:
1070:
1058:. Retrieved
1054:
1045:
1036:
1027:
1018:
1011:
1003:
996:
988:
979:
943:
942:
913:Douglas DC-7
908:Douglas DC-6
899:Douglas DC-4
882:
881:
840:
839:
828:
803:
797:
790:
788:
782:
772:
766:
760:
752:
745:
739:
733:
727:
721:
715:
709:
703:
696:
694:
689:
688:
590:
573:Newfoundland
548:
541:An L-049 of
464:Douglas DC-6
456:
434:
414:Edmund Allen
399:
373:World War II
366:
344:
339:PV-1 Ventura
331:
301:
297:
295:
284:
257:
231:World War II
218:
216:
164:Number built
2014:Senior Prom
1951:Helicopters
1872:Desert Hawk
1660:Other types
1462:Other types
1268:18 Lodestar
1178:Vega family
791:Performance
783:Propellers:
773:Powerplant:
498:(Panagra),
418:Ava Gardner
323:Juan Trippe
302:Excalibur A
120:Late 1970s
3912:Categories
2161:Trident II
2131:High Virgo
2095:Big Dipper
2009:Senior Peg
1912:X-44 (UAV)
1805:P-7 LRAACA
1790:S-3 Viking
1651:X-44 MANTA
1278:43 Harpoon
1273:37 Ventura
1261:414 Hudson
1246:10 Electra
1210:7 Explorer
1195:4 Explorer
1171:Transports
966:References
749:NACA 23018
734:Wing area:
500:Air France
203:(Unbuilt)
158:1942–1946
3892:Operators
3570:Starliner
2156:Trident I
2141:Ping-Pong
1994:Have Blue
1795:P-3 Orion
1479:Excalibur
1230:DL.1 Vega
756:NACA 4412
722:Wingspan:
710:Capacity:
690:Data from
268:Jack Frye
185:Variants
155:Produced
89:Designer
3897:Variants
3410:Lockheed
2829:400 (II)
2709:282 (II)
2151:Poseidon
2119:Missiles
2100:Explorer
1925:Trainers
1215:8 Sirius
1159:Lockheed
1086:16 April
836:See also
607:Variants
371:entered
233:for the
128:Retired
117:Retired
83:Lockheed
3634:R7O/R7V
2824:400 (I)
2704:282 (I)
2189:numbers
2177:J37/T35
2170:Engines
2146:Polaris
2136:Perseus
1892:Polecat
1887:MQM-105
1857:Aequare
1620:CL-1200
1610:NF-104A
1484:JetStar
1390:EC-130H
1225:9 Orion
1060:28 July
741:Airfoil
728:Height:
716:Length:
601:Mayadin
569:Ireland
494:(AOA),
484:Braniff
249:History
229:during
125:Status
3885:Topics
3845:(1966)
3839:(1965)
3833:(1964)
3827:(1962)
3821:(1961)
3815:(1961)
3809:(1961)
3803:(1960)
3797:(1960)
3791:(1960)
3785:(1959)
3779:(1959)
3773:(1958)
3767:(1957)
3756:(1956)
3745:(1955)
3739:(1955)
3733:(1954)
3727:(1953)
3721:(1953)
3715:(1951)
3709:(1950)
3703:(1950)
3697:(1949)
3691:(1948)
3685:(1947)
3679:(1946)
3673:(1946)
3618:EC-121
3534:L-1649
3529:L-1549
3524:L-1449
3519:L-1249
3514:L-1149
3497:L-1049
1958:CL-475
1902:RQ-170
1862:AQM-60
1821:CL-400
1770:Hudson
1615:CL-288
1600:XF-104
1506:Saturn
1501:L-2000
1448:CP-140
1412:WC-130
1407:MC-130
1402:LC-130
1397:KC-130
1385:EC-130
1380:HC-130
1375:DC-130
1370:AC-130
1365:C-130J
1339:EC-121
1319:L-1249
1314:L-1049
1200:5 Vega
1108:
804:Range:
631:Brazil
375:, the
3608:C-121
3543:Names
3492:L-949
3487:L-849
3482:L-749
3477:L-649
3472:L-549
3467:L-449
3462:L-349
3457:L-249
3452:L-149
3447:L-139
3442:L-104
3437:L-084
3432:L-051
3427:L-049
3302:27–32
3237:12–14
2187:Model
2126:Agena
2105:L-402
2044:X-26B
2039:X-24C
2024:XC-35
2004:L-301
1999:L-133
1963:XH-51
1942:T-50A
1907:SR-72
1744:YF-12
1707:YP-24
1702:XF-90
1697:XFM-2
1692:F-117
1667:A-4AR
1646:FB-22
1636:YF-22
1605:F-104
1553:XP-58
1548:XP-49
1474:C-141
1433:L-188
1417:L-100
1360:C-130
1344:XB-30
1334:C-121
1309:L-749
1304:L-649
1299:L-049
971:Notes
746:root:
704:Crew:
654:L-549
646:L-149
638:L-049
586:L-749
582:L-649
565:Paris
512:El Al
387:XB-30
298:L-049
239:L-649
56:Role
18:L-049
3603:C-69
3596:B-30
3227:7–10
3190:Vega
3181:2329
3176:2000
3171:1980
3166:1800
3161:1700
3156:1649
3151:1600
3146:1549
3141:1449
3136:1400
3131:1329
3126:1249
3121:1237
3116:1236
3111:1235
3106:1201
3101:1200
3096:1195
3091:1149
3086:1132
3081:1090
3076:1080
3071:1060
3059:1049
3054:1026
3049:1020
3044:1011
3039:1010
3034:1000
2079:XV-4
2069:X-59
2064:X-56
2059:X-55
2054:X-35
2049:X-33
2034:X-17
1932:T-33
1897:RQ-3
1882:Fury
1850:UAVs
1841:TR-X
1836:TR-1
1754:D-21
1749:M-21
1734:A-12
1687:F-35
1682:F-21
1677:F-16
1641:F-22
1579:T-33
1574:F-94
1569:F-80
1543:P-38
1443:EP-3
1329:C-69
1161:and
1106:ISBN
1088:2019
1062:2020
775:4 ×
753:tip:
584:and
571:and
554:and
508:BOAC
466:and
427:The
410:C-69
241:and
217:The
149:BOAC
3653:W2V
3507:B/F
3029:995
3024:985
3019:984
3014:981
3009:980
3004:977
2999:949
2994:934
2989:915
2984:901
2979:880
2974:849
2969:840
2964:823
2959:822
2954:785
2949:780
2944:760
2939:749
2934:704
2929:685
2924:680
2919:649
2914:645
2909:622
2904:595
2899:580
2894:549
2889:522
2884:520
2879:500
2874:489
2869:480
2864:475
2859:449
2854:437
2849:422
2844:414
2839:407
2834:402
2819:389
2814:382
2809:380
2804:379
2799:351
2794:349
2789:346
2784:331
2779:330
2774:329
2769:325
2764:322
2759:320
2754:301
2749:300
2744:298
2739:296
2734:295
2729:293
2724:288
2719:286
2714:285
2699:249
2694:246
2689:245
2684:244
2679:222
2674:212
2669:210
2664:207
2659:206
2654:204
2649:200
2644:199
2639:193
2634:189
2629:188
2624:186
2619:185
2614:182
2609:171
2604:170
2599:149
2594:144
2589:141
2584:140
2579:137
2574:136
2569:133
2564:129
2559:122
2554:105
2549:104
2544:100
2237:A/D
2074:XFV
2029:X-7
1937:T2V
1826:U-2
1672:A-9
1584:T2V
1516:R6V
1494:RAF
1469:C-5
1453:P-7
1438:P-3
629:in
563:to
504:KLM
472:TWA
382:KLM
325:'s
300:or
3914::
3648:WV
3639:-2
3627:PO
3357:43
3352:42
3347:41
3342:40
3337:39
3332:38
3327:37
3322:36
3317:35
3312:34
3307:33
3297:26
3292:25
3287:24
3282:23
3277:22
3272:21
3267:20
3262:19
3257:18
3252:17
3247:16
3242:15
3232:11
2539:99
2534:94
2529:93
2524:92
2519:91
2514:90
2509:89
2504:88
2499:87
2494:86
2489:85
2484:84
2479:83
2474:82
2469:81
2464:80
2459:75
2454:62
2449:61
2444:60
2439:52
2434:51
2429:50
2424:49
2419:45
2414:44
2409:42
2404:41
2399:40
2394:39
2389:38
2384:37
2379:36
2374:35
2369:34
2364:33
2359:32
2354:31
2349:30
2344:29
2339:28
2334:27
2329:26
2324:25
2319:24
2314:23
2309:22
2304:21
2299:20
2294:19
2289:18
2284:17
2279:16
2274:15
2269:14
2264:13
2259:12
2254:11
2249:10
1079:.
1053:.
1026:.
751:;
525:A
514:,
510:,
506:,
502:,
490:,
486:,
482:,
478:,
474:,
462:,
353:.
245:.
47:A
3613:F
3502:A
3402:e
3395:t
3388:v
3222:6
3217:5
3212:4
3207:3
3202:2
3197:1
3064:A
2244:9
2232:8
2227:7
2222:6
2217:5
2212:4
2207:3
2202:2
2197:1
1205:6
1151:e
1144:t
1137:v
1090:.
1064:.
901:/
743::
661:.
633:.
545:.
533:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
_in_flight.jpg)