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The
Kumzari name derives from the historically rich mountainous village of Kumzar. The language has two main groups of speakers, one on each side of the
45:
1579:
1357:
1584:
1384:
1275:
Battenburg, John (13 February 2013). "The status of
Kumzari and its speakers: A local language of the Musandam Peninsula of Oman".
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360:
and the coastal villages of
Elphinstone and the Malcolm Inlets. It is the mother tongue of fishermen who are descendants of the
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352:. On the Musandam Peninsula, the Kumzar population is concentrated in Oman, in the village of Kumzar and in a quarter of
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languages. Although vulnerable, it survives today with between 4,000 and 5,000 speakers. It is spoken by
Kumzaris on the
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AL-SALIMI, ABDULRAHMAN (2011). "The
Transformation of Religious Learning in Oman: Tradition and Modernity".
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B., H. W. (1931). "Review of The
Kumzari Dialect of the Shihuh Tribe, Arabia, and a Vocabulary".
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546:
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132:
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1155:. Leiden, Netherlands: Centre for Linguistics (LUCL), Faculty of Humanities, Leiden University.
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in its vowels, with five long vowels and three short vowels. Vowels never occur in direct
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The position of
Kumzari among Iranian languages. The location is just south of the
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688:
434:
369:
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270:
124:
91:
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O'Reilly, Marc J. (1998). "Omanibalancing: Oman
Confronts an Uncertain Future".
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Journal of the Royal
Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland
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Journal of the Royal
Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland
1100:
The Kumzari Dialect of the Shihuh Tribe, Arabia, and a Vocabulary
976:
The Kumzari Dialect of the Shihuh Tribe, Arabia, and a Vocabulary
470:
356:
known as the Harat al-Kumzari. In addition, Kumzari is found at
1068:"Stress-induced Vowel Lengthening and Harmonization in Kumzari"
377:
353:
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Kumzari is the only Iranian language spoken exclusively in the
314:
290:
87:
16:
Southwestern Iranian language of Oman and United Arab Emirates
361:
357:
310:
1152:
A grammar of Kumzari: a mixed Perso-Arabian language of Oman
376:). Based on linguistic evidence, Kumzari was present in the
1117:
Adaptive Multilinguals a Survey of Language on Larak Island
817:; rather, they are separated by either a semivowel such as
365:
349:
298:
235:
73:
1175:
Traditional Marriage in Oman: Kumzari Traditional Marriage
62:
1208:
al-Salimi, Abdulrahman (2009). "The Wajīhids of Oman".
309:. Kumzari speakers can also be found in the towns of
1416:
1170:
Rare language also under threat in Straits of Hormuz
32:. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
1561:
46:IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters
1113:
1210:Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies
1378:
1358:Audio presentation on Kumzari oral traditions
1042:The History of Ancient Iran, Part 3, Volume 7
1317:Melamid, Alexander (1986). "Interior Oman".
1295:
1353:http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/zum
397:Kumzari has consonants, and all but three (
1385:
1371:
1274:
1229:Bailey, H. W. (1931). "Kumzari Dimestan".
1142:
1097:THOMAS, BERTRAM; Edmonds, BERTRAM THOMAS.
973:THOMAS, BERTRAM; Edmonds, BERTRAM THOMAS.
224:
61:
1207:
1186:
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972:
281:language that is similar to the Persian,
1149:van der Wal, Anonby C. A. (2015-04-22).
1114:Anonby, Erik; Yousefian, Pakzad (2011).
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1277:Language Problems and Language Planning
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384:of the region in the 7th Century A.D.
1580:Languages of the United Arab Emirates
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1189:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
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786:to describe these consonants, using
317:as well as various villages, and on
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36:. For the distinction between ,
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1039:Frye, Richard Nelson (1984).
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344:and the Laraki community of
7:
821:or /w/, or a glottal stop (
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796:alveolo-palatal consonants
792:palato-alveolar consonants
782:van der Wal uses the term
401:) also exist as geminates
340:: the Shihuh tribe of the
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1066:Anonby, Erik J (2013).
24:phonetic transcriptions
1120:. Uppsala University.
21:This article contains
1437:Main foreign language
1595:Musandam Governorate
307:United Arab Emirates
279:Southwestern Iranian
78:United Arab Emirates
1549:Omani Sign Language
1509:Varieties of Arabic
1319:Geographical Review
1298:Middle East Journal
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406:
405:Consonant phonemes
368:, Malek bin Faham (
1453:Minority languages
1072:Orientalia Suecana
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811:length distinction
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380:region before the
342:Musandam Peninsula
295:Musandam Peninsula
1575:Languages of Iran
1570:Languages of Oman
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1401:Official language
1394:Languages of Oman
1127:978-91-554-8125-4
998:(26th ed., 2023)
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1325:(3): 317–321.
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275:اللغة كمزارية
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1521:Omani Arabic
1479:
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1318:
1304:(1): 70–84.
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1297:
1283:(1): 18–30.
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1023:. Retrieved
1019:
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790:symbols for
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396:
346:Larak Island
335:
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319:Larak Island
258:
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244:
232:Persian Gulf
196:
157:
153:Southwestern
138:Indo-Iranian
40:and ⟨
22:
1427:Oman portal
1216:: 373–381.
724:Approximant
374:مالك بن فهم
1564:Categories
1136:1027080608
1084:1026776205
1025:2022-02-20
995:Ethnologue
960:References
445:Pharyngeal
393:Consonants
297:(northern
236:South Iran
1078:: 54–58.
854:Long high
594:voiceless
589:Fricative
481:voiceless
476:Affricate
463:velarized
388:Phonology
293:coast of
198:Glottolog
182:ISO 639-3
98:Ethnicity
1268:25194234
1251:25194182
1222:41223995
1201:23011490
941:Long low
900:Long mid
425:alveolar
418:Alveolar
332:Location
205:kumz1235
38:/ /
34:Help:IPA
1526:Dhofari
1500:Swahili
1480:Kumzari
1470:Ḥarsusi
1465:Baṭḥari
1460:Balochi
1444:English
1310:4329154
990:Kumzari
842:Central
829:Vowels
471:Plosive
450:Glottal
430:Palatal
423:Palato-
305:in the
277:) is a
267:کومزاری
263:Persian
259:Kumzari
218:Kumzari
158:Kumzari
143:Iranian
56:Kumzari
26:in the
1531:Shihhi
1495:Shehri
1485:Luwati
1475:Hobyót
1408:Arabic
1339:214149
1337:
1308:
1266:
1249:
1220:
1199:
1134:
1124:
1082:
1049:
815:hiatus
805:Vowels
654:voiced
541:voiced
440:Uvular
413:Labial
378:Arabia
370:Arabic
362:Yemeni
354:Khasab
315:Khasab
303:Shihuh
291:Kumzar
283:Achomi
271:Arabic
245:
106:Shihuh
102:Kumzar
88:Kumzar
84:Region
42:
1490:Mehri
1335:JSTOR
1306:JSTOR
1264:JSTOR
1247:JSTOR
1218:JSTOR
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