48:
1386:
127:
Chhemsi created
Pelmang, Chheskam and Chhemsi villages respectively. Recently generations of those four Kiranti ancestors are known as Kulung and those large area they have been occupying in Solukhumbu are called Mahakulung. With the beginning of modern era, they started to go out from their territory to search better life. In this regards some migrated Sikkim and Darjeeling of India and some in different parts of Nepal. In
149:
marriage. As per their traditional laws, they are not allowed to marriage within 5 generations of their mother and 7 generations of their father, meaning suppose generation of two brothers now can get marriage after 7 generation of their father and 5 generation of their mother. In this situation they
126:
community, tracing their lineage from the Kirati ruler Khambu. First time in the hunting era four
Kitanti ancestors namely Khapdulu, Ratapkhu, Chhemsi and Tamsi had entered Mahakulung through Rawakhola of Khotang. They liked those places and so Ratapkhu inhabited in Sotang, Khapdulu, Tamsi and
153:
The Kulung community is one of the most marginalized ethnic groups in the country. As they reside in remote hilly areas, basic infrastructure and services, like drivable roads, electricity, clean drinking water, education, communication and health services are lacking.
165:; they are also hunters and fishermen. Due to unproductive land conditions, they are not able to produce adequate food from their farms. They are compelled to migrate in search of potering and agricultural work for their livelihood.
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in the eastern part of Nepal. There are Kulung communities in 22 districts of Nepal. However, the major settlements are
Solukhumbu, Sankhuwasabha, Bhojpur, Khotang, Sunsari, Morang, Jhapa, Illam, Tehrathum and Kathmandu.
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The ethno-linguistic region inhabited by the
Kulungs is called the "Mahakulung" ("Greater Kulung") and is located in the Solukhumbu District of
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https://web.archive.org/web/20121224133117/http://oiyp.oxfam.org.au/blog/indigenous/a-story-of-a-distinct-himalayan-kulung-people
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1414:
422:
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280:
184:, 28,613 people (0.1% of the population of Nepal) were Kulung. The frequency of Kulung people by province was as follows:
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338:. Association of Nepal Kirat Kulung Language, Cultural Development (www.kulung.net.np). August 2014. Archived from
415:
297:
775:
495:
339:
1012:
382:
231:
The frequency of Kulung people was higher than national average (0.1%) in the following districts:
172:. Unlike most Hindus and Buddhists in Nepal, the Kulung bury their dead instead of cremating them.
247:
41:
450:
438:
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64:
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https://web.archive.org/web/20130101123632/http://www.himalayanlanguages.org/languages/kulung
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407:
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745:
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have to create next sub clan form their main clan is called "Phomchim" in Kulung language.
47:
8:
1091:
1036:
1031:
1026:
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and then they migrated in more developed cities such as Dharan, Jhapa and Ilam of Nepal.
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rivers. Presently
Mahakulung is located in the Bung, Chheskam, Gudel and Sotang
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The majority of
Kulungs are dependent on traditional agriculture, cultivating
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of Nepal. It specifically refers to the Hongu valley, comprising
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383:2011 Nepal Census, District Level Detail Report
168:They practice traditional religion Kirati and
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175:
298:"The creation of eastern Nepals Kulung Rai"
135:, some Kulung youth were admitted into the
430:
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370:International Institute for Asian Studies
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281:"strecture and division of Kulunge Rai"
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1222:, Tharu, Danuwar and Dhimal) (Lowland)
880:Over 25 distinct castes, major being
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366:"The Kulung: Language and Traditions"
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32:, as well as parts of northeastern
13:
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44:, culture, history and tradition.
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24:are one of the major subgroup of
1410:Indigenous peoples of South Asia
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112:village development committees
28:and indigenous communities of
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318:"Kulung: A language of Nepal"
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94:, as well as villages in the
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1415:Indigenous peoples of Nepal
40:of India, having their own
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791:(standard Nepali dialect)
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176:Geographical distribution
51:Traditional territory of
302:www.insidehimalayas.com
98:and the valleys of the
439:Ethnic groups in Nepal
225:Sudurpashchim Province
71:
65:Sankhuwasabha District
1191:Hill people (Eastern
900:, Khadgi, Manandhar,
894:Rajopadhyaya Brahmins
96:Sankhuwasawa District
50:
1122:Jangad/Dhangad/Uraun
142:The Kulung practise
1067:Kushbadiya (Guhari)
994:Kushbadiya (Guhari)
180:At the time of the
116:Solukhumbu District
61:Solukhumbu District
38:Darjeeling district
627:Lama clan (Tamang)
72:
1397:
1396:
1377:
1376:
1254:Madheshi Janajati
1180:Mountain people (
1117:Khadiya/Bankariya
1094:
1048:Khadiya/Bankariya
1015:
984:
983:
650:
649:
454:(Trans-Himalayan)
182:2011 Nepal census
122:They are part of
67:in Eastern Nepal
63:and few areas of
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1391:Nepal portal
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1387:
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1167:
1115:Dudh and Dhelki
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577:Limbu (Yakthung)
501:Central Tibetans
470:Darchula Bhotiya
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213:Lumbini Province
207:Karnali Province
201:Gandaki Province
195:Bagmati Province
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1075:Other peoples (
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1013:distinct origin
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926:Indian Madheshi
920:
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824:Maithil Brahmin
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59:areas of lower
57:Kirati-Subgroup
42:Kulung language
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1208:(East, mostly
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392:External links
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1233:Nepali Muslim
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342:on 2014-08-15
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26:kirati people
23:
19:
1352:Unspecified
1308:Rajopadhyaya
917:Newar Muslim
662:Newar Muslim
561:Eastern Rai
547:
539:Central Rai
523:Western Rai
451:Sino-Tibetan
378:
344:. Retrieved
340:the original
330:
292:
275:
230:
179:
167:
156:
152:
141:
137:British Army
133:World War II
121:
90:, Pawai and
73:
56:
52:
21:
17:
15:
1338:Damai/Dholi
1323:Vajracharya
1275:Simantakrit
1164:Other basis
1092:Indus-Ganga
1062:Oraon Sadri
890:Vajracharya
705:Raji–Raute
129:World War I
55:linguistic
1404:Categories
1138:Immigrants
1008:Indo-Aryan
746:Indo-Aryan
543:Khambu Rai
346:2014-08-14
322:Ethnologue
267:References
236:Solukhumbu
20:also call
1369:Gandarbha
1343:Rajdhoves
1313:Shresthas
1229:dominant)
1173:geography
1053:Rajbanshi
906:Ranjitkar
898:Chitrakar
882:Shresthas
802:Kashmiris
689:Kham/Pang
595:Chhantyal
494:Nepalese
336:"History"
254:Tehrathum
144:exogamous
104:Sangkhuwa
1250:Janajati
1220:Madheshi
1201:Buddhist
1182:Buddhist
1150:Filipino
944:Bhojpuri
904:, Pode,
834:Kayastha
811:Madheshi
797:Kumaunis
789:speakers
785:Gorkhali
780:speakers
771:speakers
654:Newaric
587:Tamangic
565:Lohorung
170:Buddhism
84:Chheskam
22:Kulunge
1303:Thakuri
1293:Kshetri
1271:Adivasi
1235:(South)
1210:Mundhum
1193:Paharis
1186:Animism
1155:Russian
1101:Kusunda
949:Bajjika
819:Maithil
776:Palpali
696:Chepang
666:Thangmi
634:Thakali
610:Manange
555:Bantawa
532:Sunuwar
516:Kiranti
475:Bhotiya
462:Tibetic
260:Sunsari
248:Bhojpur
114:in the
18:Kulung
1420:Kulung
1367:Gaine/
1358:Kalwar
1328:Pulami
1243:By law
1206:Kirati
1197:Newars
1145:Korean
1021:Danuar
959:Awadhi
939:Bihari
912:, etc.
871:Newars
839:Dhanuk
755:Pahari
736:Dhimal
701:Bhujel
622:Tamang
600:Gurung
570:Yakkha
548:Kulung
527:Bahing
506:Kachee
485:Hyolmo
480:Sherpa
262:(0.4%)
256:(0.5%)
250:(2.2%)
244:(6.2%)
238:(8.9%)
227:(0.0%)
221:(0.0%)
215:(0.0%)
209:(0.0%)
203:(0.0%)
197:(0.0%)
191:(0.6%)
159:millet
108:Sisuwa
92:Sotang
53:Kulung
34:Sikkim
1361:Dhobi
1354:Dalit
1348:Sarki
1318:Jyapu
1298:Bahun
1285:caste
1227:Hindu
1216:Terai
1127:Kisan
1111:Satar
1106:Munda
1058:Kisan
1046:Hill
1042:Tharu
1037:Darai
1011:of a
999:Miyan
989:Kumal
902:Dhobi
886:Jyapu
856:Malla
851:Bajji
829:Yadav
767:Jumli
719:Rawat
714:Raute
679:Magar
672:Baram
658:Newar
642:Magar
639:Kaike
615:Ghale
534:Koich
490:Jirel
284:(PDF)
163:maize
124:Kirat
100:Hongu
80:Gudel
30:Nepal
1364:Mali
1333:Kami
1264:Misc
1195:and
1027:Bote
953:etc.
910:Mali
861:Anga
762:Khas
726:Dura
709:Raji
684:Dhut
668:Kham
605:Tamu
161:and
147:clan
131:and
106:and
88:Bung
36:and
16:The
1283:By
1171:By
1090:of
1060:of
1023:Rai
441:by
1406::
1199:,
1083:,
1079:,
908:,
896:,
892:,
888:,
368:.
355:^
320:.
307:^
102:,
86:,
82:,
1218:(
1212:)
1188:)
1184:/
1087:)
1085:i
1081:D
1077:M
974:U
969:H
787:-
778:-
769:-
431:e
424:t
417:v
372:.
349:.
324:.
300:.
286:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
