211:
254:
cast as open-work charms, others have many rings, while others will have a lot of holes for stringing drilled or cast in them. It was also not uncommon for Korean families to tie these numismatic charms together without the "chatelaine". As the ribbons of these Korean numismatic chatelaines are brittle and break easily it is not uncommon for modern coin and exonumia dealers to remove all amulets and talismans and sell them separately which is why these objects have become even rarer in the modern era.
94:
As the
Japanese started taking over Korea in the beginning of the twentieth century many Korean families started selling whatever they could to get by, and when there was a global copper shortage in 1907 millions of Korean numismatic charms and Korean mun cash coins were sold for only their intrinsic value in copper. After
93:
class could afford money. A common Korean family would often only have one or two amulets to "protect" their family but wasn't able to afford a large quantity of them. The
Yangban however could afford to buy Korean amulets and charms and they frequently decorated the homes of the wealthy aristocracy.
253:
is called a chatelaine. These Korean "chatelaines" were presented to brides on the day of her wedding. After the wedding was over they were kept hanging in the Women's quarters of the residence. In some cases hundreds of charms were tied together in these "chatelaines", which is why they are often
284:
on one side and the inscription Eo ssang (魚双, "Pair of Fish") on the other side. In various
Oriental cultures fish are associated with plenty and abundance. Fish are furthermore noted for their prolific ability to reproduce and that when they swim that this was in joy and are therefore associated
136:
In the case of these coins, "charm" in this context is a catchall term for coin-shaped items which were not official (or counterfeit) money. However, these numismatic objects were not all necessarily considered "magical" or "lucky", as some of these
Chinese numismatic charms can be used as
321:. "Song of Unending Sorrow" charms display four heterosexual couples having sex in various positions (or they are supposed to represent one couple having in four different positions) in the area surrounding the square center hole of the coin. Surrounding the couples having sex are the
124:, while seven holes representing the seven stars from Korean folk art were drilled into them. The widespread success of the Sangpyeong Tongbo cash coins also brought about many social changes to Korean society. One of these changes was the emergence of
670:
Coin; charm. - Object Type: coin charm. - Museum number: 1974,0509.31 - Description: Copper alloy charm. The design features an eight-character inscription on each side. - Production place: Made in: Korea
173:) which would make it "勿 + 日 = 易" which could have a hidden meaning like "do not do business with Japan" which explains why it is written in such a rare and unusual script as opposed to the more common
157:
by using simple formulas like "氵+ 女 = 汝" and "月 + 日 = 明". Some
Chinese and Japanese sources claim that this charm may have a hidden meaning and that the last four characters actually read "勿於日易" (
153:
that reads "水得女汝, 月於日明" if read clockwise, however multiple hypotheses have been proposed as to what the actual reading order is, the amulet attempts to teach its readers how to read
308:
82:
and the amulet coins of China, they contain their own categories unique to Korea. There are approximately 500 different known variants of Korean numismatic charms.
249:, and birds. By the nineteenth century it had become customary for the wealthy families of Korea to tie amulets to much larger pieces similar to what in the
1035:
106:
875:
985:
953:
149:
During the
Japanese colonisation of Korea from around the 1920s a usual Korean amulet appeared that bore an inscription written in
601:
229:
often with other Korean coin charms and amulets strung to it, and are usually fully embellished with tassels, ribbons and Korean
393:
The earliest record of the existence of this Korean numismatic charm apparently dates to the 1920s in a rubbing from a Korean
868:
1131:
571:
844:
120:: 常平通寶) cash coins were turned into amulets by making their outer shapes from round to octagonal as a reference to the
237:
character "壽" (longevity), other common decorations on Korean numismatic chatelaines include images of
Children, five
1192:
861:
672:. Museum number: 1974,0509.31. Quote: "Diameter: 36.5 millimetres. Weight: 13.07 grammes." Retrieved: 19 June 2018.
946:
349:
as "Gone were the breezy spring days when the peach and plum trees were in bloom" in reference to the death of
166:
215:
920:
905:
59:
128:, these were non-monetary decorative people that reflected on the desire of people to gain more wealth.
939:
780:
636:
422:
with many "modernised" characters or a "faux" seal script, as opposed to actual bird-worm seal script.
910:
95:
55:
567:
893:
63:
289:, a pair of fish are associated with conjugal bliss and the joys of being in a matrimonial union.
54:, refer to a family of cash coin-like and other numismatic inspired types of charms that like the
1040:
990:
669:
177:
which was the preferred script of Korea for centuries. Its reverse inscription reads "寸得冠守絲負工紅" (
111:
246:
225:
are a type of Korean numismatic charm that are characterized by the fact that they resemble a
158:
150:
595:
682:
431:
The inscription of this amulet is read clockwise starting at about the 8 o'clock position.
8:
415:
313:
263:
297:
226:
1148:
840:
418:
state that the calligraphy on this numismatic charm is a "mutilated" form of
Chinese
195:) where it teaches two other Chinese characters, namely "寸 + 宀 = 守" and "丝 + 工 = 紅".
307:, are a common type of marriage coin charm, that might be Chinese, Japanese, Korean
931:
398:
346:
210:
1172:
394:
362:
326:
293:
23:
811:
144:
665:
540:
242:
174:
86:
75:
1186:
1026:
785:
Gary
Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)
687:
Gary
Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)
660:
658:
641:
Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)
250:
775:
773:
771:
202:
and has a diameter of 36.50 millimeters, and a weight of about 13.07 grams.
1125:
1072:
708:
199:
99:
853:
655:
631:
629:
341:(李), which is a reference to the first four characters of a line from the
1108:
768:
419:
350:
962:
898:
626:
545:
Vladimir Belyaev & Don Pfeifer (Charm.ru - Chinese Coinage Website)
98:
the Japanese started collecting all the copper they could find for the
79:
467:
The inscription is read clockwise beginning at the 7 o'clock position.
1067:
713:
Vladimir Belyaev and Don Pfeifer (Charm.ru - Chinese Coinage Website)
286:
311:, or Vietnamese in origin, that depict part of the 9th century poem
1059:
318:
138:
46:
756:
602:
Department of History - University of California at Santa Barbara
509:
Corean Coin Charms and Amulets - A supplement by Frederick Starr.
277:
233:
mun coins. A frequent design of these chatelaines is to have the
90:
530:
Mandel, Edgar J, Trial listing - Korean charms and amulets, 1972
292:
A common design for Korean marriage charms displays scenes of a
1153:
1018:
971:
374:
356:
39:
512:
590:
588:
334:
322:
273:
269:
234:
154:
145:
Korean bird-worm seal script coin to teach Chinese characters
121:
117:
489:
The formula being "silk" (丝) plus "labour" (工) is "red" (紅).
458:
The formula being "do not" (勿) plus "sun" (日) is "easy" (易).
449:
The formula being "sun" (日) plus "moon" (月) is "bright" (明).
746:
744:
742:
477:
440:
The formula being "water" (氵) plus "woman" (女) is "you" (汝)
338:
330:
281:
835:
op den Velde, Wybrand; Hartill, David (12 November 2013).
585:
102:
which is why Korean numismatic charms became less common.
238:
739:
727:
623:
The Korean Coins and Banknotes Catalogue (大韓民國貨幣價格圖錄)
414:
Chinese sources more familiar with ancient styles of
961:
480:" (寸) plus a "roof" (宀) on the top is "protect" (守).
190:
184:
834:
762:
518:
214:A Korean numismatic chatelaine on display at the
1184:
205:
74:), but have evolved around the customs of the
947:
869:
357:Other categories of Korean numismatic charms
178:
27:
883:
559:
33:
954:
940:
876:
862:
565:
296:couple engaging in different positions of
813:Amulets of Viet Nam (Bùa Việt-Nam - 越南符銭)
809:
750:
733:
285:with a happy and harmonious marriage. In
209:
78:although most of these charms resemble
1185:
827:Korean dictionary of Talisman (霊符作大典,
935:
857:
303:"Song of Unending Sorrow" charms, or
572:National Institute of Korean History
380:
16:Money-inspired amulets for good luck
280:marriage amulets display a pair of
13:
257:
14:
1204:
781:""Song of Unending Sorrow" Charm"
305:"Song of Unending Regret" charms
36: odd coins), also known as
1053:Sangpyeong Tongbo denominations
763:op den Velde & Hartill 2013
701:
675:
617:
519:op den Velde & Hartill 2013
483:
470:
461:
452:
443:
434:
637:"Korean Charm Teaches Chinese"
533:
524:
503:
425:
408:
387:
179:
96:Korea became a Japanese colony
28:
1:
839:. New Generation Publishing.
496:
223:Korean numismatic chatelaines
216:Museum of Ethnography, Sweden
206:Korean numismatic chatelaines
837:Cast Korean Coins and Charms
7:
368:
345:poem which translates into
191:
185:
10:
1209:
803:
261:
192:Ch'ontukkwansusapukonghong
186:Chondeukgwansusabugonghong
105:In some instances regular
1168:
1141:
1118:
1099:
1081:
1052:
1017:
970:
889:
810:Greenbaum, Craig (2006).
198:The charm is made from a
64:Chinese numismatic charms
600:Dr. Luke Roberts at the
20:Korean numismatic charms
1193:Asian numismatic charms
1160:Korean numismatic charm
884:Asian numismatic charms
131:
1088:Geonyang Tongbo (建陽通寶)
1032:Shibjeon Tongbo (十錢通寶)
541:"Korean Coin – Button"
219:
1007:Haedong Jungbo (海東重寶)
1004:Haedong Tongbo (海東通寶)
982:Dongguk Jungbo (東國重寶)
979:Dongguk Tongbo (東國通寶)
213:
151:bird-worm seal script
66:(also referred to as
1132:String of cash coins
1010:Haedong Wonbo (海東元寶)
1001:Samhan Jungbo (三韓重寶)
998:Samhan Tongbo (叁韓通寶)
167:Revised Romanisation
1082:Commemorative coins
709:"Korean Chatelaine"
566:Not listed (2019).
476:The formula being "
416:Chinese calligraphy
264:Marriage coin charm
60:Vietnamese variants
683:"Old Korean Charm"
323:Chinese characters
298:sexual intercourse
220:
155:Chinese characters
1180:
1179:
1175:
1149:Cash coins in art
1100:Manufacturing and
1095:
1094:
1036:Sangpyeong Tongbo
963:Korean cash coins
929:
928:
829:Yeongbujak Daeten
605:. 24 October 2003
568:"Korean Currency"
381:Explanatory notes
325:representing the
231:Sangpyeong Tongbo
159:McCune–Reischauer
107:Sangpyeong Tongbo
80:Korean cash coins
62:are derived from
1200:
1170:
1050:
1049:
1044:
994:
956:
949:
942:
933:
932:
878:
871:
864:
855:
854:
850:
824:
822:
820:
797:
796:
794:
792:
777:
766:
760:
754:
748:
737:
731:
725:
724:
722:
720:
705:
699:
698:
696:
694:
679:
673:
662:
653:
652:
650:
648:
633:
624:
621:
615:
614:
612:
610:
592:
583:
582:
580:
578:
563:
557:
556:
554:
552:
537:
531:
528:
522:
516:
510:
507:
490:
487:
481:
474:
468:
465:
459:
456:
450:
447:
441:
438:
432:
429:
423:
412:
406:
399:Mandarin Chinese
391:
241:symbolizing the
194:
188:
182:
181:
115:
35:
31:
30:
1208:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1176:
1173:Korean currency
1164:
1137:
1114:
1102:casting process
1101:
1091:
1077:
1048:
1038:
1013:
988:
966:
960:
930:
925:
885:
882:
847:
818:
816:
806:
801:
800:
790:
788:
779:
778:
769:
761:
757:
749:
740:
732:
728:
718:
716:
707:
706:
702:
692:
690:
681:
680:
676:
663:
656:
646:
644:
635:
634:
627:
622:
618:
608:
606:
594:
593:
586:
576:
574:
564:
560:
550:
548:
539:
538:
534:
529:
525:
517:
513:
508:
504:
499:
494:
493:
488:
484:
475:
471:
466:
462:
457:
453:
448:
444:
439:
435:
430:
426:
413:
409:
392:
388:
383:
371:
363:Open-work charm
359:
266:
260:
258:Marriage charms
208:
147:
134:
109:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1206:
1196:
1195:
1178:
1177:
1169:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1162:
1157:
1151:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1135:
1129:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1105:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1089:
1085:
1083:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1062:
1056:
1054:
1047:
1046:
1033:
1030:
1023:
1021:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
983:
980:
976:
974:
968:
967:
965:by inscription
959:
958:
951:
944:
936:
927:
926:
924:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
902:
901:
890:
887:
886:
881:
880:
873:
866:
858:
852:
851:
846:978-0755215942
845:
832:
825:
805:
802:
799:
798:
767:
765:, p. 617.
755:
753:, p. 105.
751:Greenbaum 2006
738:
736:, p. 104.
734:Greenbaum 2006
726:
700:
689:. 29 June 2011
674:
666:British Museum
654:
643:. 19 June 2013
625:
616:
584:
558:
532:
523:
511:
501:
500:
498:
495:
492:
491:
482:
469:
460:
451:
442:
433:
424:
407:
395:coin collector
385:
384:
382:
379:
378:
377:
370:
367:
366:
365:
358:
355:
262:Main article:
259:
256:
243:five blessings
207:
204:
175:regular script
146:
143:
133:
130:
122:eight trigrams
87:Joseon dynasty
76:Korean culture
68:Yansheng coins
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1205:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1174:
1167:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1104:
1098:
1087:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1042:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1027:Joseon Tongbo
1025:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
992:
987:
986:Samhan Tongbo
984:
981:
978:
977:
975:
973:
969:
964:
957:
952:
950:
945:
943:
938:
937:
934:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
900:
897:
896:
895:
892:
891:
888:
879:
874:
872:
867:
865:
860:
859:
856:
848:
842:
838:
833:
830:
826:
815:
814:
808:
807:
786:
782:
776:
774:
772:
764:
759:
752:
747:
745:
743:
735:
730:
715:. 22 May 1999
714:
710:
704:
688:
684:
678:
671:
667:
661:
659:
642:
638:
632:
630:
620:
604:
603:
597:
591:
589:
573:
569:
562:
547:. 1 July 1998
546:
542:
536:
527:
520:
515:
506:
502:
486:
479:
473:
464:
455:
446:
437:
428:
421:
417:
411:
404:
400:
396:
390:
386:
376:
373:
372:
364:
361:
360:
354:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
315:
310:
306:
301:
299:
295:
290:
288:
283:
279:
275:
271:
265:
255:
252:
251:western world
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
217:
212:
203:
201:
196:
193:
187:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
142:
140:
129:
127:
123:
119:
113:
108:
103:
101:
97:
92:
88:
83:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
52:Korean charms
49:
48:
42:
41:
25:
21:
1159:
1126:Hwacheonjeon
915:
836:
828:
817:. Retrieved
812:
789:. Retrieved
787:. 6 May 2011
784:
758:
729:
717:. Retrieved
712:
703:
691:. Retrieved
686:
677:
645:. Retrieved
640:
619:
607:. Retrieved
599:
577:29 September
575:. Retrieved
561:
549:. Retrieved
544:
535:
526:
514:
505:
485:
472:
463:
454:
445:
436:
427:
410:
403:Li De Zhuang
402:
389:
343:Chang hen ge
342:
314:Chang hen ge
312:
304:
302:
294:heterosexual
291:
268:A design of
267:
230:
222:
221:
200:copper-alloy
197:
170:
162:
148:
135:
125:
104:
84:
71:
67:
51:
50:, or simply
44:
37:
19:
18:
1109:Mother coin
1039: [
989: [
420:seal script
351:Yang Guifei
317:written by
171:Mul Eo Il I
110: [
85:During the
26::
1171:See also:
1142:Influenced
921:Vietnamese
906:Indonesian
899:Horse coin
497:References
278:Vietnamese
227:chatelaine
163:Mul O Il I
100:war effort
397:known in
337:(桃), and
309:Taiwanese
287:Feng Shui
126:byeoljeon
89:only the
47:talismans
1187:Category
1119:Concepts
911:Japanese
819:31 March
609:19 April
596:"Charms"
369:See also
319:Bai Juyi
180:촌득관수사부공홍
141:coins".
139:mnemonic
56:Japanese
1154:Jeoncha
1073:100 mun
894:Chinese
804:Sources
719:19 June
693:19 June
647:19 June
551:19 June
347:English
335:peaches
270:Chinese
91:Yangban
72:huāqián
45:Korean
40:amulets
38:Korean
1045:(常平通寶)
1029:(朝鮮通寶)
1019:Joseon
995:(三韓通寶)
972:Goryeo
916:Korean
843:
791:18 May
405:(丽德庄).
375:Bujeok
327:spring
276:, and
274:Korean
247:haetae
189:;
183:;
32:;
24:Korean
1128:(花穿錢)
1068:5 mun
1064:2 mun
1060:1 mun
1043:]
993:]
339:plums
333:(風),
329:(春),
235:Hanja
118:Hanja
114:]
1156:(錢茶)
1111:(母錢)
841:ISBN
821:2020
793:2020
721:2018
695:2018
664:The
649:2018
611:2020
579:2019
553:2018
478:inch
331:wind
282:fish
239:bats
132:Uses
58:and
34:lit.
1134:(貫)
401:as
70:or
29:열쇠패
1189::
1041:ko
991:ko
831:).
783:.
770:^
741:^
711:.
685:.
668:–
657:^
639:.
628:^
598:.
587:^
570:.
543:.
353:.
300:.
272:,
245:,
169::
165:;
161::
112:ko
43:,
955:e
948:t
941:v
877:e
870:t
863:v
849:.
823:.
795:.
723:.
697:.
651:.
613:.
581:.
555:.
521:.
218:.
137:"
116:(
22:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)