435:
152:
141:
130:
119:
88:
443:
of the
Northern Front, General Cheremisov, the refusal of the majority of the army to fight, the growing influence of the Bolsheviks in the troops and the reluctance of railway workers to collaborate in the operation. Cheremisov, with bad relations with Kerensky due to a previous personal offense, had ordered that none troops were sent to the capital the day before, declaring that the army should not mix in politics. Kerensky received only reinforcements from an armored convoy and a regiment from
370:
175:
164:
100:
515:. The other two armies on the Northern Front, the 1st and 5th. º, were even more pro-Bolshevik and opposed to Kerensky's support. For their part, the Gatchina and Tsarskoye Selo garrisons had declared themselves neutral and did not support the attack by Kerensky to the capital. In the end, various efforts to obtain more troops, either from the front or from the nearby garrisons, proved fruitless.
400:. Together they gathered a Corps to march over the capital, despite the doubts of his commissar, who was suspicious of the reliability of some troops who were hostile to Kerensky. Krasnov, a monarchist officer, was not a great a supporter of Kerensky, but believed his claim that the majority of the army would support him against the Bolsheviks.
464:
Revolutionary
Military Committee prepared to defend the capital and sent forward the best troops it had in Petrograd. Red Guards, civilians and sailors joined the garrison units that departed south of the city to mount defenses. The command has been placed in the hands of Colonel Muraviov, to whom Chudnovsky was attached as a commissioner;
511:
who were increasingly close to the
Bolsheviks. The army closest to the capital, the 12th, belonging to the Northern Front and with two pro-Bolshevik Latvian divisions selected, elected its council, which turned out to consist of supporters and opponents of the October Revolution; the few units sent to the capital refused to advance beyond
361:, which failed prematurely, and they did not receive the necessary support from other units to force the defences. Talks between the sides ended with Kerensky's flight, fearful of being handed over to the Soviets by his own soldiers, effectively ending attempts to restore the overthrown Russian Provisional Government.
522:
12 November], 1917, faced with reports of excesses in the capital after the crushing the revolt of the cadets, tried to advance from the
Tsarskoye Selo against the entrenched Bolshevik forces, which were twenty times as numerous. Despite advancing easily against the Red Guards, the Cossacks found
442:
The next morning, troops took
Gatchina without encountering resistance and prepared to assault the Bolshevik positions while awaiting reinforcements. Various circumstances, however, prevented the arrival of new forces to Kerensky: the neutrality of many officers in the conflict, such as the commander
510:
supported the search for infantry to reinforce the
Cossacks on their march on the capital, both at the front and in the garrisons around the city, which had thousands of soldiers. At the front, the Mensheviks and Social Revolutionaries predominated in the unit committees, but not among the soldiers,
527:
and had to evacuate
Tsarskoye Selo and return to Gatchina to avoid being surrounded. The confrontation had been messy and bloody. The forces of Kerensky began to disperse in retreat and some of them fraternized with the Bolsheviks in hopes of returning home. Lack of support had sapped the morale of
421:
8 November], Kerensky was again on the outskirts of the capital with little over six hundred
Cossacks — twelve and a half squads of sixty men — some cannons, an armored convoy and an armored car. The dispersion of the III Corps and the lack of support for Kerensky among the troops prevented the
408:
controlled communications and transport and monitored the actions of the commanders. Cheremisov had also obstructed
Kerensky's communications with the others. commanders of the front and communicated to the high command his appointment as commander-in-chief and the order to stop the march of troops
403:
In turn, Cheremisov, whose troops were effectively under
Bolshevik control and who had bad relations with Kerensky, had rescinded the orders to help the Provisional Government by sending him to Petrograd. Upon his arrival, I had informed him that he could not guarantee his safety if he remained in
539:
forced him to flee dressed as a sailor. Kerensky's escape ended hopes of restoring the Provisional Government; after that the opponents of the October Revolution did not try to revive it, but to create a new alternative government to the Bolsheviks. The defeat of Kerensky, together with the
463:
with his light artillery. His advance, however, was slow due to lack of reinforcements, especially infantry. At Tsarskoye Selo, the great garrison — sixteen thousand men — who outnumbered Krasnov's forces twenty to one, declared his neutrality in the confrontation. In turn, the Bolshevik
426:
marched towards the capital. Krasnov, however, was confident that his cossack troops would receive reinforcements. The few Cossacks crossed Pskov by train at full speed to avoid clashes with the troops occupying the station and continued towards
497:
called for a revolt against the Lenin government. The chief military commissar of the deposed Provisional Government, Stankevich, left to meet with Kerensky in Gatchina to coordinate the revolt in the city and the advance of Kerensky's troops.
1464:
505:
in Petrograd, which had to be precipitated when it was discovered, some members of the PSR Central Committee joined Kerensky after fleeing the capital. Krasnov's troops made no attempt to help the rebels in the capital.
447:. In Gatchina, only a few officers from the aviation school joined Krasnov's Cossacks; contributed a couple of planes and an armored car and dropped leaflets over the capital. After midnight on 28 October [
352:
The Soviets had to improvise the defense of the hills south of the city and wait for the attack of Kerensky's troops, who, despite the efforts of the high command, received no reinforcements. The clash in the
1511:
438:
The overthrown president of the Russian Provisional Government, Alexander Kerensky, who tried, in vain, to regain control of Petrograd with the few Cossack troops who agreed to march against the city.
547:
In turn, Krasnov was captured, but soon released after promising not to fight the Soviet authorities, a promise he quickly broke by becoming the leader of an anti-Bolshevik movement — the
341:
command. He did not get the support of its commander, General Vladimir Cheremisov, who prevented his attempts to gather units to march on Petrograd, but he did get the support of General
1136:
535:
14 November], the situation had deteriorated to the point that Kerensky was in danger of being arrested by his own men and handed over to the Bolsheviks; the leaders of the
373:
General Vladimir Cheremisov, commander of the Northern Front. An antagonist of Kerensky with pro-Bolshevik troops, Cheremisov hampered Kerensky's efforts to regain power
486:
377:
Alexander Kerensky, who had left Petrograd during the October Revolution, looked for troops that might come to the capital, but did not find them until he arrived to
225:
1412:
1454:
349:. In Petrograd, opponents of the October Revolution were preparing a revolt that would coincide with the attack on the city by Kerensky's forces.
1407:
1379:
1235:
392:
In Pskov was the headquarters of the Northern Front under the command of General Cheremisov; there Kerensky came into contact with General
218:
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140:
129:
118:
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87:
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themselves in danger of being attacked on their flanks by the marines commanded by Dybenko. The Cossacks were repulsed in the
1533:
1903:
1964:
1204:
1146:
1122:
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544:, temporarily secured the power of Lenin and his supporters; the capital was temporarily safe from military attack.
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1228:
405:
315:
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1369:
338:
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404:
the city and that he had to leave immediately. Cheremisov refused to help the former prime minister. The local
1059:
The Russian revolution, 1917-1918: from the overthrow of the czar to the assumption of power by the bolsheviks
1974:
1759:
1568:
1315:
536:
532:
519:
490:
448:
418:
382:
323:
45:
1898:
1479:
1374:
1359:
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1221:
1162:
The sickle under the hammer; The Russian Socialist Revolutionaries in the early months of the Soviet rule
493:(PSR), planned a revolt simultaneously with Kerensky's impending attack. The presidency of the dissolved
1969:
1943:
1918:
1585:
1516:
1196:
1913:
1166:
145:
1928:
1908:
1330:
1320:
1053:
329:
Following the October Revolution, Kerensky fled Petrograd, which fell to the Bolshevik-controlled
1979:
1325:
1170:
1088:
1938:
1394:
444:
1063:
1933:
1610:
1417:
1354:
1132:
60:
8:
1830:
1580:
1506:
1399:
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460:
249:
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30:
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330:
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10 November], small forces, whose size was exaggerated by the government of
1858:
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485:, through strikes, and supporters of the old government, coordinated by the
1863:
1805:
1749:
1714:
1512:
Group of forces in battle with the counterrevolution in the South of Russia
1501:
1491:
548:
254:
1178:
1873:
1853:
1704:
1628:
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389:, the soldiers were pro-Bolshevik, and Kerensky narrowly escaped arrest.
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1556:
1349:
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476:
311:
369:
1274:
481:
319:
259:
203:
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459:. Here the first fight took place; Krasnov, however, drove out the
428:
386:
346:
1192:
The Russian Revolution, 1917 (New Approaches to European History)
1138:
The bolsheviks come to power. The revolution of 1917 in Petrograd
479:
encouraged officials to oppose the new Bolshevik government, the
465:
422:
assembly of larger forces, and only those that were stationed in
385:
7 November]. In the first town with troops near the capital,
396:, commander of the 3rd Cavalry Corps, which participated in the
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Committee for the Salvation of the Homeland and Revolution
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1141:. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. p. 393.
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ended with the withdrawal of the Cossacks after the
322:. It took place between 8 and 13 November 1917 [
847:
577:
732:
676:
560:
381:, where he arrived around 9 pm on 25 October [
1956:
16:Attempted coup to reverse the October Revolution
1229:
1084:Red October: the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917
472:accompanied them to supervise the operation.
455:who believed they were much larger, took the
345:, who advanced on the capital with about 700
219:
1131:
1062:. New York: Grosset & Dunlap. pp.
974:
767:
640:
540:Bolshevik victory in the heavy fighting in
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1222:
1052:
1025:
841:
726:
655:
226:
212:
433:
368:
1497:Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine
1440:Provisional Committee of the State Duma
1080:
991:
883:
816:
755:
670:
613:
1957:
1552:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
1155:
1037:
1006:
953:
936:
924:
912:
895:
797:
782:
594:
475:Meanwhile, in Petrograd, ex-ministers
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233:
1217:
1105:
738:
691:
207:
1380:Armenian–Azerbaijani war (1918–1920)
1185:
862:
571:
409:on the capital, both false reports.
1343:Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic
13:
1465:Council of the People's Commissars
14:
1991:
1111:Civil War in Southern Russia 1918
1475:Military Revolutionary Committee
1087:. Boston: Beacon Press. p.
1081:Daniels, Robert Vincent (1997).
417:On the night of 26 October [
406:Military Revolutionary Committee
173:
162:
150:
139:
128:
117:
98:
86:
1370:Lithuanian Wars of Independence
528:Kerensky's few Cossack troops.
1904:German Revolution of 1918–1919
1445:Russian Provisional Government
1115:University of California Press
194:700 men (of which 600 cavalry)
1:
1569:Socialist Revolutionary Party
1316:Ukrainian War of Independence
1046:
537:Socialist Revolutionary Party
491:Socialist Revolutionary Party
364:
1480:Russian Constituent Assembly
1375:Red Army invasion of Georgia
1360:Estonian War of Independence
554:
7:
1924:Workers' Councils in Poland
1522:Ukrainian People's Republic
1365:Latvian War of Independence
310:and regain power after the
10:
1996:
1944:Belarusian-Soviet conflict
1586:General Jewish Labour Bund
1455:Pro-independence movements
1197:Cambridge University Press
337:, the headquarters of the
1914:Hungarian Soviet Republic
1891:
1829:
1791:
1758:
1690:
1647:
1619:
1601:
1594:
1532:
1432:
1303:
1290:Kerensky–Krasnov uprising
1262:
1255:
1167:Columbia University Press
1054:Chamberlin, William Henry
501:After the failure of the
300:Kerensky–Krasnov uprising
275:Kerensky–Krasnov uprising
245:
185:
146:Vladimir Antonov-Ovseenko
110:
79:
36:
28:
24:Kerensky–Krasnov uprising
23:
1965:Anti-Bolshevik uprisings
1909:Bavarian Soviet Republic
1899:Revolutions of 1917–1923
326:26 and 31 October].
44:8–13 November 1917 [
1326:Kiev Bolshevik Uprising
1939:Slovak Soviet Republic
1919:Hungarian–Romanian War
1621:Provisional Government
1133:Rabinowitch, Alexander
439:
374:
111:Commanders and leaders
1611:Nicholas II of Russia
437:
372:
61:Petrograd Governorate
1975:November 1917 events
1929:Polish–Ukrainian War
1331:Polish–Ukrainian War
1321:Ukrainian–Soviet War
489:, controlled by the
1581:Union of October 17
1400:Kronstadt rebellion
1395:Workers' Opposition
1270:February Revolution
531:By 1 November [
518:On 30 October [
413:Military operations
250:February Revolution
1849:Stepan Petrichenko
1773:Alexander Kerensky
1285:October Revolution
1245:Russian Revolution
440:
375:
308:October Revolution
304:Alexander Kerensky
302:was an attempt by
270:October Revolution
237:Russian Revolution
198:1 armoured vehicle
169:Alexander Kerensky
71:Defeat of Kerensky
1970:Conflicts in 1917
1952:
1951:
1934:Polish–Soviet War
1887:
1886:
1821:Alexander Antonov
1816:Maria Spiridonova
1745:Felix Dzerzhinsky
1662:Alexander Kolchak
1639:Alexander Guchkov
1428:
1427:
1355:Polish–Soviet War
1338:Finnish Civil War
1311:Russian Civil War
1157:Radkey, Oliver H.
293:
292:
285:Russian Civil War
202:
201:
75:
74:
31:Russian Civil War
1987:
1844:Maria Nikiforova
1740:Nikolai Bukharin
1710:Grigory Zinoviev
1677:Nikolai Yudenich
1599:
1598:
1460:Petrograd Soviet
1390:Tambov Rebellion
1385:Left SR uprising
1260:
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1238:
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1128:
1102:
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975:Rabinowitch 1978
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768:Rabinowitch 1978
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641:Rabinowitch 1978
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331:Petrograd Soviet
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135:Nikolai Krylenko
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38:
37:
21:
20:
1995:
1994:
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1879:Peter Kropotkin
1825:
1787:
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1730:Semyon Budyonny
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1517:Tsentralna Rada
1424:
1299:
1280:Kornilov affair
1251:
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1207:
1199:. p. 337.
1149:
1125:
1117:. p. 416.
1099:
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1026:Chamberlin 1976
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842:Chamberlin 1976
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525:Pulkovo Heights
415:
398:Kornilov putsch
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355:Pulkovo Heights
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265:Kornilov affair
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1983:
1982:
1980:1917 in Russia
1977:
1972:
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1876:
1871:
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1859:Semen Karetnyk
1856:
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1818:
1813:
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1789:
1788:
1786:
1785:
1783:Boris Sokoloff
1780:
1778:Boris Savinkov
1775:
1770:
1768:Viktor Chernov
1764:
1762:
1756:
1755:
1753:
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1735:Yakov Sverdlov
1732:
1727:
1722:
1720:Mikhail Frunze
1717:
1712:
1707:
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1700:Vladimir Lenin
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1688:
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1685:
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1649:White movement
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1634:Pavel Milyukov
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1450:White movement
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1434:
1430:
1429:
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1425:
1423:
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1415:
1413:Central Powers
1410:
1404:Interventions
1402:
1397:
1392:
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1357:
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1123:
1113:. California:
1103:
1097:
1078:
1072:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1042:
1030:
1028:, p. 332.
1011:
996:
994:, p. 206.
979:
977:, p. 308.
958:
941:
929:
917:
900:
888:
886:, p. 204.
867:
865:, p. 245.
846:
844:, p. 331.
821:
819:, p. 205.
802:
787:
772:
770:, p. 306.
760:
758:, p. 203.
743:
731:
729:, p. 330.
696:
675:
673:, p. 201.
660:
658:, p. 329.
645:
643:, p. 305.
618:
616:, p. 200.
599:
576:
574:, p. 244.
558:
556:
553:
457:Tsarskoye Selo
414:
411:
366:
363:
339:Northern Front
314:overthrew his
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124:Vladimir Lenin
113:
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73:
72:
69:
65:
64:
59:
57:
53:
52:
42:
34:
33:
26:
25:
19:
18:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1992:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1960:
1945:
1942:
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1937:
1935:
1932:
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1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1892:International
1890:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1869:Viktor Bilash
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1839:Nestor Makhno
1837:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1811:Mark Natanson
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1801:Yakov Blumkin
1799:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1790:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
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1761:
1757:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1725:Joseph Stalin
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1689:
1683:
1682:Lavr Kornilov
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1672:Pyotr Krasnov
1670:
1668:
1667:Anton Denikin
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1657:Pyotr Wrangel
1655:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1646:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1626:
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1597:
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1579:
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1513:
1510:
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1505:
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1500:
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1471:
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1463:
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1324:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1296:
1295:Junker mutiny
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1261:
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1254:
1250:
1246:
1239:
1234:
1232:
1227:
1225:
1220:
1219:
1216:
1208:
1206:9780521425650
1202:
1198:
1195:. Cambridge:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1163:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1148:9780393008937
1144:
1140:
1139:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1124:9780520017092
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1098:9780807056455
1094:
1090:
1086:
1085:
1079:
1075:
1073:9780448001883
1069:
1065:
1061:
1060:
1055:
1051:
1050:
1040:, p. 47.
1039:
1034:
1027:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1009:, p. 46.
1008:
1003:
1001:
993:
988:
986:
984:
976:
971:
969:
967:
965:
963:
956:, p. 45.
955:
950:
948:
946:
939:, p. 44.
938:
933:
927:, p. 43.
926:
921:
915:, p. 40.
914:
909:
907:
905:
898:, p. 39.
897:
892:
885:
880:
878:
876:
874:
872:
864:
859:
857:
855:
853:
851:
843:
838:
836:
834:
832:
830:
828:
826:
818:
813:
811:
809:
807:
800:, p. 29.
799:
794:
792:
785:, p. 15.
784:
779:
777:
769:
764:
757:
752:
750:
748:
741:, p. 45.
740:
735:
728:
723:
721:
719:
717:
715:
713:
711:
709:
707:
705:
703:
701:
694:, p. 46.
693:
688:
686:
684:
682:
680:
672:
667:
665:
657:
652:
650:
642:
637:
635:
633:
631:
629:
627:
625:
623:
615:
610:
608:
606:
604:
597:, p. 14.
596:
591:
589:
587:
585:
583:
581:
573:
568:
566:
564:
559:
552:
550:
545:
543:
538:
534:
529:
526:
521:
516:
514:
509:
504:
503:junker mutiny
499:
496:
495:Preparliament
492:
488:
484:
483:
478:
473:
471:
470:Pavel Dybenko
467:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
436:
432:
430:
425:
420:
410:
407:
401:
399:
395:
394:Pyotr Krasnov
390:
388:
384:
380:
371:
362:
360:
359:Junker mutiny
356:
350:
348:
344:
343:Pyotr Krasnov
340:
336:
332:
327:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
306:to crush the
305:
301:
286:
283:
281:
280:Junker mutiny
278:
276:
273:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
247:
244:
239:
229:
224:
222:
217:
215:
210:
209:
206:
193:
190:
189:
184:
181:
180:Pyotr Krasnov
176:
170:
165:
160:
158:
157:Pavel Dybenko
153:
147:
142:
136:
131:
125:
120:
115:
114:
109:
106:
101:
96:
94:
93:Soviet Russia
89:
84:
83:
78:
70:
67:
66:
62:
58:
55:
54:
49:26–31 October
47:
43:
40:
39:
35:
32:
27:
22:
1864:Fedir Shchus
1806:Boris Kamkov
1750:Alexei Rykov
1715:Leon Trotsky
1502:Green armies
1492:Black Guards
1289:
1191:
1187:Wade, Rex A.
1165:. New York:
1161:
1137:
1110:
1107:Kenez, Peter
1083:
1058:
1033:
992:Daniels 1997
932:
920:
891:
884:Daniels 1997
817:Daniels 1997
763:
756:Daniels 1997
734:
671:Daniels 1997
614:Daniels 1997
549:Don Republic
546:
530:
517:
500:
480:
474:
441:
416:
402:
391:
376:
351:
333:and went to
328:
299:
297:
274:
255:April Crisis
80:Belligerents
29:Part of the
1874:Fanya Baron
1854:Lev Chernyi
1705:Lev Kamenev
1629:Georgy Lvov
1603:Monarchists
1169:. pp.
1038:Radkey 1963
1007:Radkey 1963
954:Radkey 1963
937:Radkey 1963
925:Radkey 1963
913:Radkey 1963
896:Radkey 1963
798:Radkey 1963
783:Radkey 1963
595:Radkey 1963
1959:Categories
1831:Anarchists
1692:Bolsheviks
1562:Mensheviks
1557:Bolsheviks
1507:Red Guards
1350:Heimosodat
1263:Revolution
1047:References
739:Kenez 1971
692:Kenez 1971
508:Avram Gots
477:Mensheviks
461:Red Guards
365:Background
316:government
312:Bolsheviks
196:12 cannons
191:~5,000 men
1760:Right SRs
1485:elections
1304:Civil War
1275:July Days
1249:Civil War
863:Wade 2000
572:Wade 2000
555:Citations
482:Sovnarkom
320:Petrograd
260:July Days
1793:Left SRs
1574:Left SRs
1470:Red Army
1418:Siberian
1189:(2000).
1159:(1963).
1135:(1978).
1109:(1971).
1056:(1976).
429:Gatchina
387:Gatchina
347:Cossacks
186:Strength
56:Location
1595:Figures
1534:Parties
466:Trotsky
1542:Kadets
1433:Groups
1408:Allied
1256:Events
1203:
1179:422729
1177:
1145:
1121:
1095:
1070:
542:Moscow
424:Ostrov
68:Result
1547:Nabat
513:Valka
453:Lenin
379:Pskov
335:Pskov
51:]
1247:and
1201:ISBN
1175:OCLC
1143:ISBN
1119:ISBN
1093:ISBN
1068:ISBN
533:O.S.
520:O.S.
468:and
449:O.S.
445:Luga
419:O.S.
383:O.S.
324:O.S.
298:The
46:O.S.
41:Date
1171:525
1089:269
1064:511
318:in
1961::
1173:.
1091:.
1066:.
1014:^
999:^
982:^
961:^
944:^
903:^
870:^
849:^
824:^
805:^
790:^
775:^
746:^
699:^
678:^
663:^
648:^
621:^
602:^
579:^
562:^
551:.
431:.
1237:e
1230:t
1223:v
1209:.
1181:.
1151:.
1127:.
1101:.
1076:.
227:e
220:t
213:v
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