31:
628:, Constantine III and Gryme. The hunting companions soon discovered the bloody king. They were unable to locate Finella but burned Fettercairn to the ground. Smyth dismisses the elaborate plotting and the mechanical contraption as mere fables, but accepts the basic details of the story, that the succession plans of Kenneth II caused his assassination.
224:
was compiled in
Kenneth's reign, but many of the place names mentioned are entirely corrupt, if not fictitious. Whatever the reality, the Chronicle states that "e immediately plundered in part. Kenneth's infantry were slain with very great slaughter in Moin Uacoruar." The Chronicle further states
624:. If anyone touched or moved the statue, he would trigger the crossbows and fall victim to their arrows. Kenneth II gently touched the statue and "was shot through by arrows sped from all sides, and fell without uttering another word." Finella escaped through the woods and managed to join her
632:
raised his own doubts concerning the story of
Finella, which he considered "semi-mythical". He noted that the feminine name Finnguala or Findguala means "white shoulders", but suggested it derived from "find-ela" (white swan). The name figures in toponyms such as Finella Hill (near
832:, s.a. 998: "Dúngal Cináed's son, was killed by Gille Coemgáin, Cináed's son." It is not clear if the Cináeds (Kenneths) referred to are Cináed mac Maíl Coluim (Kenneth II) or his nephew and namesake Cináed mac Duib (Kenneth III). Smyth, pp. 221–222, makes Dúngal following
872:
The name of Cuncar's daughter is given as
Fenella, Finele or Sibill in later sources. John of Fordun credits Constantine III (Causantín mac Cuilén) and Kenneth III (Cináed mac Duib) with the planning, claiming that Kenneth II planned to change the laws of succession. See
616:, where Finella resided. She approached him to proclaim her loyalty and invited him to visit her residence, whispering into his ear that she had information about a conspiracy. She managed to lure him to "an out-of-the-way little cottage", where a
543:
and was most likely an exile. He could claim the throne due to the support of friends and maternal kin. He was likely older and more experienced than his rival king. Amlaíb is the Gaelic form of Óláfr, suggesting maternal descent from
580:", thus securing the throne for his own descendants. He reportedly did so to specifically exclude Constantine (III) and Kenneth (III), called Gryme in this source. The two men then jointly conspired against him, convincing
611:
and Gryme were "plotting unceasingly the death of the king and his son". One day, Kenneth II and his companions went hunting into the woods, "at no great distance from his own abode". The hunt took him to
492:
is sometimes ascribed as the son of
Kenneth II, at others as the son of Kenneth III (Cináed mac Duib), however, is more commonly counted as a son of Kenneth II. Another son of Kenneth may have been
30:
1763:
600:, provide the account of Finnela killing Kenneth II in revenge, but not her affiliation to Constantine or his cousins. These entries date to the 12th and 13th centuries. The
346:
338:
481:
123:
645:) has Finella walking atop the treetops from one location to the other. Anderson thus theorized that Finella could be a mythical figure, suggesting she was a local
1187:
342:
1756:
308:. It may be that Edgar here regulated the frontier between the southern lands of the kingdom of Alba and the northern lands of his English kingdom.
1749:
384:
found exile in
Scotland at this time, but whether this was with Kenneth or one of the other kings in Scotland, is unknown. Also at this time,
1180:
465:
1095:
2551:
2546:
1173:
35:
Painting of
Kenneth II depicted facing the left, wearing an olive green coat over a gathered white skirt and a rust tabard by
2541:
604:
simply record "Cinaed son of Mael Coluim , king of
Scotland, was deceitfully killed", with no indication of who killed him.
2556:
592:, to kill the king. She reportedly did so to achieve personal revenge, as Kenneth II had killed her own son. Entries in
265:
1045:
374:, or Kenneth II. Thus, even if only for a short time, Kenneth had been overthrown by the brother of the previous king.
305:
1089:, as well as Genealogies, and various Saints' Lives. Most are translated into English, or translations are in progress
1022:
1008:
994:
980:
959:
349:. The third of these, if not an error for Domnall mac Morgaínd, is very likely a brother of Domnall, and thus the
516:
220:
898:
Skene, John of Fordun's
Chronicle of the Scottish nation, Book IV, Chapters XXXII-XXXIV (32-34), pages 165–169
396:
and other sources recount wars between "the Scots" and the
Northmen, but these are more probably wars between
794:
The name of Cuncar's daughter is given as
Fenella, Finele or Sibill in later sources. John of Fordun credits
576:(14th century), Kenneth II of Scotland (reigned 971–995) attempted to change the succession rules, allowing "
802:(Cináed mac Duib) with the planning, claiming that Kenneth II planned to change the laws of succession. See
2521:
2423:
2386:
1709:
524:
appear to better reflect contemporary events. Amlaíb could be a direct predecessor of Kenneth who suffered
2148:
1520:
1157:
795:
608:
76:
2137:
1510:
1140:
653:(reigned 1040–1057), but this is probably an error based on the similarity of names. Macbeth was son of
511:
66:
2433:
2111:
2079:
1485:
1459:
1204:
1037:
828:
480:(Máel Coluim mac Cináeda) was later king of Alba. Kenneth is also identified to have had a second son,
460:
440:
provide more details, accurately or not. The simplest account is that he was killed by his own men in
2428:
2223:
2168:
1776:
1600:
1540:
1439:
1196:
1147:
650:
191:
2536:
2229:
2218:
1924:
1780:
1772:
1605:
1595:
1404:
1389:
1369:
528:, or the rival king recognized in parts of Scotland. A period of divided kingship appears likely.
464:
adds little to our knowledge, except that it names Kenneth "the kinslayer", and states he died in
2531:
2198:
2193:
2178:
2153:
1575:
1570:
1550:
1525:
799:
485:
44:
1860:
1349:
2377:
2262:
2208:
2183:
2158:
2015:
1850:
1704:
1644:
1585:
1565:
1555:
1530:
934:
Skene, John of Fordun's Chronicle of the Scottish nation, Book IV, Chapters XLIV (44), page 180
477:
164:
2320:
908:
2367:
2277:
2257:
2188:
2126:
2116:
2106:
1985:
1980:
1953:
1914:
1909:
1689:
1659:
1639:
1560:
1500:
1490:
1480:
1029:
540:
247:
199:
2072:
1824:
1454:
1136:
654:
493:
128:
2345:
2292:
2282:
2272:
2245:
2163:
2086:
2020:
1975:
1965:
1959:
1948:
1942:
1892:
1684:
1674:
1664:
1654:
1634:
1623:
1611:
1535:
1464:
1339:
597:
428:
366:
report that "Amlaíb mac Iduilb , king of Scotland, was killed by Cináed mac Domnaill." The
285:
260:
207:
489:
118:
8:
2526:
2372:
2325:
2267:
2203:
2000:
1990:
1970:
1936:
1741:
1694:
1649:
1580:
933:
897:
521:
360:(Idulb mac Causantín) between his descendants and Kenneth's family persisted. In 977 the
329:
269:
195:
2409:
2047:
1995:
1919:
1728:
1724:
1699:
1329:
1284:
1092:
553:
381:
357:
2042:
1855:
1229:
1041:
1018:
1004:
990:
976:
955:
947:
629:
561:
557:
525:
437:
397:
281:
277:
108:
1903:
2360:
2350:
2240:
2213:
2065:
1897:
1817:
1810:
1629:
1590:
1449:
1384:
1057:
601:
589:
453:
362:
350:
301:
238:
535:, who was killed in a hall-burning. He might have served as a regent north of the
2355:
2100:
1930:
1882:
1872:
1866:
1474:
1269:
1099:
642:
620:
was hidden. Inside the cottage was a statue, connected by strings to a number of
585:
449:
392:
36:
1165:
2453:
2340:
2297:
2251:
2036:
1679:
1224:
1113:
922:
573:
433:
401:
386:
377:
141:
845:
Compare Duncan, p. 345 and Lynch (ed), Genealogies, at about p. 680. See also
353:. The Mormaerdoms or kingdoms ruled by the two Cellachs cannot be identified.
2515:
1234:
886:
549:
498:
172:
1053:
2478:
2235:
1617:
1294:
581:
445:
313:
1830:
1394:
1028:
Woolf, Alex (2007), "Amlaíb son of Ildulb and Cinaed Son of Mael Coluim",
2483:
2468:
2053:
1374:
1314:
1279:
646:
613:
539:, during the absence of his brother. Kenneth was brother to the deceased
536:
441:
226:
187:
100:
1354:
2458:
2448:
2438:
2025:
1887:
1424:
1379:
1324:
1309:
1304:
1249:
617:
113:
954:, volume 1. Reprinted with corrections. Paul Watkins, Stamford, 1990.
2473:
2443:
2030:
2005:
1419:
1414:
1344:
1334:
1299:
1259:
1239:
321:
230:
151:
2131:
1505:
532:
203:
62:
2463:
2404:
2010:
1835:
1399:
1364:
1359:
1319:
1274:
1254:
1244:
1219:
638:
621:
545:
293:
252:
923:
Anderson, Early sources of Scottish history, A.D. 500–1286, p. 515
2381:
2287:
1669:
1429:
1289:
1264:
1214:
666:
649:. A later passage of John of Fordun mentions Finele as mother of
634:
625:
412:
334:
317:
309:
297:
242:
136:
1062:
2173:
2121:
1845:
1840:
1545:
1495:
987:
The Kingship of the Scots 842–1292: Succession and Independence
975:, tr. Hermann Pálsson and Paul Edwards. Penguin, London, 1978.
2093:
1469:
1409:
909:
Smyth, Warlords and Holy Men: Scotland AD 80–1000, p. 224–225
578:
the nearest survivor in blood to the deceased king to succeed
484:, who was killed in 999 by his cousin Gille Coemgáin, son of
411:
The Chronicle says that Kenneth founded a great monastery at
405:
289:
1877:
1771:
206:(Cuilén mac Iduilb) on the latter's death at the hands of
426:
say "by his subjects". Some later sources, such as the
1066:
685:
179:
300:
to acknowledge the overlordship of the English king
973:
Orkneyinga Saga: The History of the Earls of Orkney
316:. In the east, the frontier lay somewhere in later
887:Annals of Ulster, online translation. Entry U995.1
552:dynasty. Alex Woolf suggests he was a grandson of
1195:
448:(also called Fimberhele or Fenella), daughter of
312:was English, and the western frontier lay on the
2513:
880:
356:The feud which had persisted since the death of
245:. These raids may belong to around 980 when the
989:, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 2002.
952:Early Sources of Scottish History A.D. 500–1286
337:of Alba in Kenneth's reign in an entry in 976:
564:, which suggests his own group of supporters.
456:, in revenge for the killing of her only son.
1757:
1181:
1017:, Reprinted, Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 1998.
2324:Monarchs of England and Scotland after the
918:
916:
548:. He could possibly claim descent from the
2501:Debated or disputed rulers are in italics.
1764:
1750:
1188:
1174:
1015:Warlords and Holy Men: Scotland AD 80–1000
370:give the correct name of Amlaíb's killer:
29:
1003:, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2002.
520:and later Scottish king lists. The Irish
202:(Máel Coluim mac Domnaill), he succeeded
1001:The Oxford Companion to Scottish History
966:Scottish Annals from English Chroniclers
913:
859:
857:
855:
641:), while local tradition in The Mearns (
272:, "Maccus, king of very many islands" (
2514:
927:
902:
1745:
1169:
1027:
891:
852:
594:the Chronicles of the Picts and Scots
531:Amlaíb was the heir of his brother
13:
1093:The Chronicle of the Kings of Alba
607:In the account of John of Fordun,
213:
14:
2568:
941:
657:, not of a woman called Finella.
505:
404:, and the Mormaers, or Kings, of
333:, in an aside, name three of the
1063:CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts
268:(Máel Coluim mac Domnaill), the
1801:Monarchs of Scotland until 1603
1056:at the official website of the
1032:From Pictland to Alba: 789–1070
866:
839:
821:
809:
418:Kenneth was killed in 995, the
2552:10th-century murdered monarchs
2547:10th-century Scottish monarchs
1798:Monarchs of England until 1603
788:
775:
762:
753:
737:
725:
716:
703:
679:
517:Chronicle of the Kings of Alba
221:Chronicle of the Kings of Alba
198:) from 971 to 995. The son of
1:
1197:Pictish and Scottish monarchs
697:
690:is the Mediaeval Gaelic form.
229:three times, first as far as
2542:Assassinated Scottish people
169:Coinneach mac Mhaoil Chaluim
16:King of Alba from 971 to 995
7:
2557:Gaelic monarchs in Scotland
2408:British monarchs after the
798:(Causantín mac Cuilén) and
660:
471:
444:, through the treachery of
264:reports that Kenneth, with
10:
2573:
1071:Corpus of Electronic Texts
1038:Edinburgh University Press
829:Annals of the Four Masters
2496:
2419:
2403:
2399:
2336:
2319:
2315:
1792:
1788:
1718:
1438:
1203:
1154:
1145:
1133:
1128:
1107:
651:Macbeth, King of Scotland
147:
135:
107:
94:
86:
82:
72:
58:
50:
43:
28:
23:
968:, D. Nutt, London, 1908.
863:Woolf (2007), p. 205–206
734:, p. 512; Duncan, p. 25.
672:
637:) and Finella Den (near
567:
512:Amlaíb, King of Scotland
422:say "by deceit" and the
1109:Kenneth II of Scotland
1067:University College Cork
785:, pp. 483–484; 495–502.
461:The Prophecy of Berchán
225:that Kenneth plundered
45:King of Alba (Scotland)
1205:Monarchs of the Picts
999:Lynch, Michael (ed.);
687:Cináed mac Maíl Coluim
686:
372:Cináed mac Maíl Coluim
180:
168:
165:Modern Scottish Gaelic
161:Cináed mac Maíl Coluim
1440:Monarchs of the Scots
541:Dub, King of Scotland
347:Donnchad mac Morgaínd
339:Cellach mac Fíndgaine
248:Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
2378:William III & II
1943:Henry the Young King
1893:Edward the Confessor
1861:Æthelred the Unready
1521:Constantine III (IV)
1486:Constantine II (III)
964:Anderson, Alan Orr;
598:William Forbes Skene
429:Chronicle of Melrose
306:a council in Chester
286:Kingdom of the Isles
261:Chronicle of Melrose
208:Rhydderch ap Dyfnwal
2522:10th-century births
2326:Union of the Crowns
1551:Malcolm III Canmore
768:Duncan, pp. 21–22;
522:Annals of Tigernach
424:Annals of Tigernach
368:Annals of Tigernach
343:Cellach mac Baireda
330:Annals of Tigernach
302:Edgar the Peaceable
288:) and other kings,
270:King of Strathclyde
251:records attacks on
2410:Acts of Union 1707
2373:James II & VII
2066:Kenneth I MacAlpin
1851:Edgar the Peaceful
1624:Second Interregnum
1591:William I the Lion
1460:Constantine I (II)
1450:Kenneth I MacAlpin
1098:2014-06-15 at the
1087:Chronicon Scotorum
1013:Smyth, Alfred P.;
985:Duncan, A. A. M.;
948:Anderson, Alan Orr
759:Duncan, pp. 24–25.
655:Findláech of Moray
514:is omitted by the
502:who died in 1034.
494:Suibne mac Cináeda
237:and lastly to the
54:971 or 976/977–995
2509:
2508:
2492:
2491:
2395:
2394:
2311:
2310:
2306:
2305:
1856:Edward the Martyr
1739:
1738:
1612:First Interregnum
1164:
1163:
1155:Succeeded by
630:Alan Orr Anderson
562:Olaf Guthfrithson
526:damnatio memoriae
490:Boite mac Cináeda
438:Andrew of Wyntoun
398:Sigurd Hlodvisson
282:Maccus mac Arailt
278:Magnús Haraldsson
158:
157:
119:Boite mac Cináeda
2564:
2401:
2400:
2361:Richard Cromwell
2351:The Protectorate
2341:James I & VI
2317:
2316:
1898:Harold Godwinson
1818:Edward the Elder
1811:Alfred the Great
1795:
1794:
1790:
1789:
1766:
1759:
1752:
1743:
1742:
1732:
1723:also monarch of
1190:
1183:
1176:
1167:
1166:
1134:Preceded by
1124:
1105:
1104:
1083:the Four Masters
1075:Annals of Ulster
1058:British monarchy
1050:
936:
931:
925:
920:
911:
906:
900:
895:
889:
884:
878:
870:
864:
861:
850:
843:
837:
825:
819:
813:
807:
792:
786:
779:
773:
766:
760:
757:
751:
741:
735:
729:
723:
720:
714:
707:
691:
689:
683:
602:Annals of Ulster
590:Mormaer of Angus
510:Kenneth's rival
496:, a king of the
454:Mormaer of Angus
420:Annals of Ulster
363:Annals of Ulster
351:Mormaer of Moray
190:"; 932–995) was
185:
178:, and nicknamed
33:
21:
20:
2572:
2571:
2567:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2562:
2561:
2537:Burials in Iona
2512:
2511:
2510:
2505:
2488:
2415:
2391:
2356:Oliver Cromwell
2332:
2307:
2302:
2149:Constantine III
2058:
1883:Harold Harefoot
1873:Edmund Ironside
1784:
1779: and
1770:
1740:
1735:
1722:
1714:
1441:
1434:
1390:Constantine (I)
1270:Galam Cennalath
1206:
1199:
1194:
1160:
1158:Constantine III
1151:
1143:
1139:
1118:
1117:
1110:
1100:Wayback Machine
1048:
944:
939:
932:
928:
921:
914:
907:
903:
896:
892:
885:
881:
871:
867:
862:
853:
844:
840:
826:
822:
814:
810:
796:Constantine III
793:
789:
780:
776:
767:
763:
758:
754:
746:, pp. 478–479;
742:
738:
730:
726:
721:
717:
708:
704:
700:
695:
694:
684:
680:
675:
663:
643:Kincardineshire
609:Constantine III
596:, collected by
570:
508:
474:
393:Orkneyinga Saga
382:Sweyn Forkbeard
216:
214:Primary sources
182:An Fionnghalach
127:
122:
117:
99:
77:Constantine III
39:
37:Jacob de Wet II
17:
12:
11:
5:
2570:
2560:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2532:House of Alpin
2529:
2524:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2503:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2397:
2396:
2393:
2392:
2390:
2389:
2384:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2364:
2363:
2358:
2348:
2343:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2330:
2313:
2312:
2309:
2308:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2252:Edward Balliol
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2112:Constantine II
2109:
2104:
2097:
2090:
2083:
2076:
2069:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2056:
2051:
2040:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1939:
1934:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1904:Edgar Ætheling
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1821:
1814:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1799:
1793:
1786:
1785:
1769:
1768:
1761:
1754:
1746:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1733:
1719:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1620:
1615:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1446:
1444:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1211:
1209:
1201:
1200:
1193:
1192:
1185:
1178:
1170:
1162:
1161:
1156:
1153:
1144:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1129:Regnal titles
1126:
1125:
1114:House of Alpin
1111:
1108:
1103:
1102:
1090:
1060:
1051:
1047:978-0748612345
1046:
1025:
1011:
997:
983:
969:
962:
943:
942:External links
940:
938:
937:
926:
912:
901:
890:
879:
877:, pp. 512–515.
865:
851:
838:
820:
808:
806:, pp. 512–515.
787:
774:
761:
752:
736:
724:
722:Duncan, p. 21.
715:
701:
699:
696:
693:
692:
677:
676:
674:
671:
670:
669:
662:
659:
647:stream-goddess
584:, daughter of
574:John of Fordun
569:
566:
560:or his cousin
558:King of Dublin
507:
506:Interpretation
504:
476:Kenneth's son
473:
470:
434:John of Fordun
402:Earl of Orkney
378:Adam of Bremen
215:
212:
156:
155:
154:, King of Alba
149:
145:
144:
139:
133:
132:
116:, King of Alba
111:
105:
104:
96:
92:
91:
88:
84:
83:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
60:
56:
55:
52:
48:
47:
41:
40:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2569:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2495:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2418:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2405:
2402:
2398:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2338:
2335:
2329:
2327:
2322:
2321:
2318:
2314:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2231:
2227:
2225:
2224:Alexander III
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2082:
2081:
2080:Constantine I
2077:
2075:
2074:
2070:
2068:
2067:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2049:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1944:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1905:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1868:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1826:
1822:
1820:
1819:
1815:
1813:
1812:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1791:
1787:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1767:
1762:
1760:
1755:
1753:
1748:
1747:
1744:
1730:
1726:
1721:
1720:
1717:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1601:Alexander III
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1442:(traditional)
1437:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1235:Galan Erilich
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1207:(traditional)
1202:
1198:
1191:
1186:
1184:
1179:
1177:
1172:
1171:
1168:
1159:
1150:
1149:
1142:
1138:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1106:
1101:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1073:includes the
1072:
1068:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1026:
1024:
1023:0-7486-0100-7
1020:
1016:
1012:
1010:
1009:0-19-211696-7
1006:
1002:
998:
996:
995:0-7486-1626-8
992:
988:
984:
982:
981:0-14-044383-5
978:
974:
970:
967:
963:
961:
960:1-871615-03-8
957:
953:
949:
946:
945:
935:
930:
924:
919:
917:
910:
905:
899:
894:
888:
883:
876:
869:
860:
858:
856:
848:
842:
835:
831:
830:
824:
817:
812:
805:
801:
797:
791:
784:
778:
771:
765:
756:
749:
745:
740:
733:
728:
719:
712:
706:
702:
688:
682:
678:
668:
665:
664:
658:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
610:
605:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
572:According to
565:
563:
559:
555:
554:Amlaíb Cuarán
551:
547:
542:
538:
534:
529:
527:
523:
519:
518:
513:
503:
501:
500:
499:Gall Gaidheil
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
469:
467:
463:
462:
457:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
430:
425:
421:
416:
414:
409:
407:
403:
399:
395:
394:
389:
388:
383:
379:
375:
373:
369:
365:
364:
359:
354:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
331:
325:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
266:Máel Coluim I
263:
262:
256:
254:
250:
249:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
223:
222:
211:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
184:
183:
177:
174:
170:
166:
162:
153:
150:
146:
143:
140:
138:
134:
130:
125:
120:
115:
112:
110:
106:
102:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
78:
75:
71:
68:
64:
61:
57:
53:
49:
46:
42:
38:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2500:
2479:Elizabeth II
2407:
2323:
2250:
2228:
2219:Alexander II
2143:
2136:
2099:
2092:
2085:
2078:
2071:
2064:
2046:
2035:
1958:
1941:
1929:
1902:
1865:
1823:
1816:
1809:
1622:
1610:
1596:Alexander II
1515:
1295:Gartnait III
1148:King of Alba
1146:
1120:
1112:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1033:
1030:
1014:
1000:
986:
972:
965:
951:
929:
904:
893:
882:
874:
868:
846:
841:
833:
827:
823:
815:
811:
803:
790:
782:
777:
769:
764:
755:
750:, pp. 75–78.
747:
743:
739:
731:
727:
718:
710:
705:
681:
606:
593:
582:Lady Finella
577:
571:
530:
515:
509:
497:
475:
459:
458:
427:
423:
419:
417:
410:
391:
385:
376:
371:
367:
361:
355:
328:
326:
273:
259:
258:In 973, the
257:
246:
234:
219:
217:
192:King of Alba
181:
175:
160:
159:
18:
2484:Charles III
2469:Edward VIII
2199:Alexander I
2179:Malcolm III
2154:Kenneth III
2054:Elizabeth I
2016:Richard III
1576:Alexander I
1526:Kenneth III
1477:(uncertain)
1375:Talorgan II
1340:Nechtan III
1315:Gartnait IV
1280:Gartnait II
800:Kenneth III
614:Fettercairn
537:River Forth
486:Kenneth III
442:Fettercairn
387:Njal's Saga
380:tells that
358:king Indulf
320:, south of
227:Northumbria
204:King Cuilén
188:Fratricidal
101:Fettercairn
59:Predecessor
2527:995 deaths
2516:Categories
2459:Edward VII
2449:William IV
2439:George III
2368:Charles II
2263:Robert III
2209:Malcolm IV
2184:Donald III
2159:Malcolm II
2144:Kenneth II
2026:Henry VIII
1986:Richard II
1981:Edward III
1915:William II
1888:Harthacnut
1705:William II
1690:Charles II
1645:Robert III
1586:Malcolm IV
1566:Donald III
1556:Donald III
1531:Malcolm II
1516:Kenneth II
1425:Bridei VII
1380:Drest VIII
1325:Bridei III
1310:Talorgan I
1305:Talorc III
1285:Nechtan II
1250:Gartnait I
1054:Kenneth II
711:Chronicles
698:References
618:booby trap
478:Malcolm II
466:Strathmore
296:, came to
233:, then to
176:Kenneth II
173:anglicised
114:Malcolm II
24:Kenneth II
2474:George VI
2444:George IV
2434:George II
2346:Charles I
2328:from 1603
2278:James III
2258:Robert II
2214:William I
2189:Duncan II
2117:Malcolm I
2107:Donald II
2031:Edward VI
2021:Henry VII
2006:Edward IV
1976:Edward II
1966:Henry III
1949:Richard I
1910:William I
1831:Æthelstan
1695:James VII
1685:Charles I
1660:James III
1640:Robert II
1561:Duncan II
1491:Malcolm I
1481:Donald II
1420:Ciniod II
1415:Bridei VI
1395:Óengus II
1345:Drest VII
1335:Bridei IV
1300:Bridei II
1260:Talorc II
1240:Drest III
1225:Nechtan I
1079:Tigernach
849:, p. 580.
818:, p. 516.
772:, p. 484.
622:crossbows
446:Finnguala
322:Edinburgh
239:River Dee
231:Stainmore
200:Malcolm I
152:Malcolm I
73:Successor
2464:George V
2454:Victoria
2429:George I
2298:James VI
2283:James IV
2273:James II
2246:David II
2241:Robert I
2230:Margaret
2164:Duncan I
2073:Donald I
2011:Edward V
2001:Henry VI
1991:Henry IV
1971:Edward I
1937:Henry II
1836:Edmund I
1825:Ælfweard
1783:monarchs
1777:Scottish
1680:James VI
1665:James IV
1655:James II
1635:David II
1630:Robert I
1606:Margaret
1536:Duncan I
1455:Donald I
1400:Drest IX
1370:Alpín II
1365:Ciniod I
1360:Bridei V
1355:Óengus I
1320:Drest VI
1275:Bridei I
1255:Cailtram
1245:Drest IV
1230:Drest II
1220:Talorc I
1152:971–995
1096:Archived
713:, p. 96.
661:See also
639:St Cyrus
626:abettors
550:Uí Ímair
546:Norsemen
472:Children
335:Mormaers
253:Cheshire
210:in 971.
196:Scotland
2382:Mary II
2288:James V
2268:James I
2204:David I
2169:Macbeth
2101:Eochaid
1996:Henry V
1931:Matilda
1925:Stephen
1920:Henry I
1781:British
1775:,
1773:English
1729:Ireland
1725:England
1700:Mary II
1670:James V
1650:James I
1581:David I
1541:Macbeth
1475:Eochaid
1430:Drest X
1350:Alpín I
1290:Cinioch
1265:Drest V
1215:Drest I
971:Anon.;
836:p. 580.
709:Skene,
667:Dalziel
635:Fordoun
413:Brechin
318:Lothian
310:Cumbria
298:Chester
243:Chester
186:, "The
2293:Mary I
2174:Lulach
2138:Amlaíb
2132:Cuilén
2122:Indulf
2048:Philip
2043:Mary I
1846:Eadwig
1841:Eadred
1546:Lulach
1511:Amlaíb
1506:Cuilén
1496:Indulf
1385:Conall
1141:Amlaíb
1137:Cuilén
1119:
1085:, the
1044:
1021:
1007:
993:
979:
958:
586:Cuncar
533:Cuilén
482:Dúngal
450:Cuncar
390:, the
314:Solway
235:Cluiam
148:Father
129:Suibne
124:Dúngal
67:Amlaíb
63:Cuilén
2194:Edgar
2094:Giric
1960:Louis
1867:Sweyn
1571:Edgar
1470:Giric
1410:Uurad
1330:Taran
1121:Died:
673:Notes
568:Death
406:Moray
294:Norse
290:Welsh
142:Alpin
137:House
109:Issue
51:Reign
2424:Anne
2387:Anne
2380:and
2236:John
2045:and
2037:Jane
1954:John
1878:Cnut
1727:and
1710:Anne
1675:Mary
1618:John
1405:Uuen
1081:and
1069:The
1042:ISBN
1019:ISBN
1005:ISBN
991:ISBN
977:ISBN
956:ISBN
875:ESSH
847:ESSH
834:ESSH
816:ESSH
804:ESSH
783:ESSH
781:See
770:ESSH
748:SAEC
744:ESSH
732:ESSH
436:and
345:and
327:The
292:and
274:i.e.
218:The
95:Died
87:Born
2127:Dub
2087:Áed
1501:Dub
1465:Áed
1123:995
1065:at
432:,
304:at
284:),
241:by
98:995
90:932
65:or
2518::
1077:,
1040:,
1036:,
950:;
915:^
854:^
588:,
556:,
488:.
468:.
452:,
415:.
408:.
400:,
341:,
324:.
276:,
255:.
171:,
167::
1765:e
1758:t
1751:v
1731:.
1189:e
1182:t
1175:v
280:(
194:(
163:(
131:?
126:?
121:?
103:?
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
_-_Kenneth_III,_King_of_Scotland_(982-1005)_-_RCIN_403298_-_Royal_Collection.jpg)