1101:
25:
1443:
1239:
1769:
3688:
102:
1449:, 13th century. Hinoki wood with lacquer on cloth, pigment, rock crystal, metal. Before entering most Japanese Buddhist temples, visitors must pass large and imposing sculptures of ferocious guardian figures whose role is to protect the premises from the enemies of the religion. The aggressive stances and exaggerated facial features of these figures stand in sharp contrast to the calm demeanor of the Buddha enshrined inside.
3677:
1882:, aimed at strengthening the position of the emperor and reasserting the primacy of the court nobles over the warriors' caste. The reality, however, was that the forces who had arisen against Kamakura had been set on defeating the Hōjō, not on supporting the emperor. Ashikaga Takauji finally sided with the Northern Court in a civil war against the Southern Court represented by Go-Daigo. The long
2332:
1804:. Kublai realized that nature, not military incompetence, had been the cause of his forces' failure so, in 1281, he launched a second invasion. Seven weeks of fighting took place in northwestern Kyūshū before another typhoon struck, again destroying the Yuan fleet, which was mostly composed of hastily acquired, flat-bottomed Chinese ships especially vulnerable to powerful typhoons.
1378:
established the
Council of State, providing opportunities for other military lords to exercise judicial and legislative authority within the Kamakura regime. The Hōjō regent presided over the council, which was a successful form of collective leadership. The adoption of Japan's first military code of
1700:
As time evolved the distinctions between "Old" and "New" Buddhisms blurred as they formed "cultic centers" and various forms of founder worship. The medieval structures of these schools evolved into hierarchical head temple-branch temple structures with associated rituals and forms of worship. This
1083:
Several significant administrative achievements were made during the Hōjō regency. These provided the opportunities for other military lords to exercise judicial and legislative authority and the government established a council centered around collective leadership. The period saw the adoption of
1818:
The Yuan invasions had been a drain on the economy, and new taxes had to be levied to maintain defensive preparations for the future. The invasions also caused disaffection among those who expected recompense for their help in defeating the Yuan dynasty. There were no lands or other rewards to be
1765:, demanded that the Japanese pay tribute to the new Yuan dynasty and threatened reprisals if they failed to do so. Unused to such threats, Kyoto raised the diplomatic counter of Japan's divine origin, rejected the Yuan demands, dismissed the Goryeo messengers, and started defensive preparations.
1687:
attempted at this time to create down-to-earth teachings that were rooted in the daily concerns of people. Nichiren rejected the focus on "next-worldly" salvation such a rebirth in a Pure Land and instead aimed for "this-worldly" personal and national liberation through a simple and accessible
1269:
Despite a strong beginning, Yoritomo failed to consolidate the leadership of his family on a lasting basis. Intrafamily contention had long existed within the
Minamoto, although Yoritomo had eliminated most serious challengers to his authority. When he died suddenly in 1199, his son
1815:, a sign of heaven's special protection of Japan, the invasion left a deep impression on the shogunate leaders. Long-standing fears of the Chinese threat to Japan were reinforced. The victory also convinced the warriors of the value of the shogunate form of government.
1021:, which was in charge of tax collection and land administration. Japanese history textbooks as of 2016 do not specify a specific year for the beginning of the Kamakura period, as there are various theories about the year the Kamakura shogunate was established.
1108:
The
Kamakura period marked Japan's transition to a land-based economy and the concentration of advanced military technologies in the hands of a specialized fighting class. Lords required the loyal services of vassals, who were rewarded with
1668:
school, Dōgen aimed for an ineffable absolute, a pure Zen teaching that was not tied to beliefs and practices from Tendai or other orthodox schools and with little guidance for leading people how to live in the secular world.
1672:
The final stage of
Kamakura Buddhism, occurring some 50 years after Hōnen, was marked by new social and political conditions as the aristocracy declined, the military class asserted new influence, and Buddhist-infused local
1622:. The new social order of a declining aristocracy and ascending military and peasant classes resulted in new forms of religion, both indigenous and Buddhist while Indian and Chinese influence continued. Furthermore, the
971:
There are various theories as to the year in which the
Kamakura period and Kamakura shogunate began. In the past, the most popular theory was that the year was 1192, when Minamoto no Yoritomo was appointed
1611:. However, with the increasing popularity of the new Kamakura schools, the older schools partially eclipsed as the newer "Kamakura" schools found followers among the new Kamakura government, and its
2294:
1371:'s constables gained greater civil powers, and the court was obliged to seek Kamakura's approval for all of its actions. Although deprived of political power, the court retained extensive estates.
1626:
manor system which had taken root in this era resulted in the increased prosperity and literacy of peasants which in turn provided more financial support for
Buddhist teachers and their studies.
1223:
The
Kamakura shogunate was not a national regime, however, and although it controlled large tracts of land, there was strong resistance to the stewards. The regime continued warfare against the
1792:, combustible missiles, and bows and arrows. In fighting, these soldiers grouped in close cavalry formations against samurai, who were accustomed to one-on-one combat. Local Japanese forces at
1395:
principles, the new code was a highly legalistic document that stressed the duties of stewards and constables, provided means for settling land disputes, and established rules governing
1886:
lasted from 1336 to 1392. Early in the conflict, Go-Daigo was driven from Kyoto, and the
Northern Court contender was installed by Ashikaga, who established a new line of shoguns.
1859:. Go-Daigo wanted to overthrow the shogunate, and he openly defied Kamakura by naming his own son his heir. In 1331 the shogunate exiled Go-Daigo, but loyalist forces, including
1618:
The times that gave way to the
Kamakura period were marked by political and military conflict, natural disasters, and social malaise attributed to the perceived arrival of the
2295:
National
Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS): NCEI/WDS Global Significant Earthquake Database. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (1972).
1664:
schools of Zen. Dōgen rejected affiliations with the secular authorities whereas Eisai actively sought them. Whereas Eisai thought that Zen teachings would revitalize the
1280:
and nominal head of the Minamoto, but Yoriie was unable to control the other eastern warrior families. By the early 13th century, a regency had been established by
1855:
or senior line—to alternate on the throne. The method worked for several successions until a member of the Southern Court ascended to the throne as
2296:
3384:
1823:. Additionally, inheritances had divided family properties, and landowners increasingly had to turn to moneylenders for support. Roving bands of
1753:
made the open seas dangerous. At a time when the shogunate had little interest in foreign affairs and ignored communications from China and the
1399:. It was clear and concise, stipulated punishments for violators of its conditions, and parts of it remained in effect for the next 635 years.
1199:
1780:
After further unsuccessful entreaties, the first Mongol invasion took place in 1274. More than 600 ships carried a combined ethnic Mongol,
3254:
2725:
1044:
in 1274 and again in 1281. To reduce the amount of chaos, the Hōjō rulers decided to decentralize power by allowing two imperial lines –
1028:
which was only defeated in 1189. Then, the authority to the Kamakura rulers waned in the 1190s and power was transferred to the powerful
324:
895:
835:
1819:
given, however, and such disaffection, combined with overextension and the increasing defense costs, led to a decline of the Kamakura
1227:, but never brought either the north or the west under complete military control. However, the fourth leader of the Northern Fujiwara
1737:, a letter to the regency. Japanese relations with China had been terminated in the mid-ninth century after the deterioration of the
598:
2040:, killing 23,034 people. It followed a 1241 and 1257 earthquake/tsunami in the same general area, which both were of magnitude 7.0.
1603:
monasteries had become politically powerful, appealing primarily to those capable of systematic study of the sect's teachings. The
1426:, replete with tales of wars and samurai deeds. A second literary mainstream was the continuation of anthologies of poetry in the
1235:, continuing to hold the land over which it had jurisdiction, while newly organized military families were attracted to Kamakura.
1800:, defended against the advantageous mainland force, which, after one day of fighting was destroyed by the onslaught of a sudden
2452:
3027:
2541:
2371:
2073:
845:
770:
2901:
670:
3138:
3197:
1553:, continued to thrive, adapt, and exert influence. For example, all of the above six reformers had studied at the Tendai
291:
1365:. The Hōjō forces easily won the war, and the imperial court was brought under the direct control of the shogunate. The
3521:
3145:
1839:
reacted to the ensuing chaos by trying to place more power among the various great family clans. To further weaken the
1679:
practice among peasants flourished. These changing conditions created a climate that encouraged religious innovation.
448:
423:
1871:, another eastern chieftain, rebelled against the shogunate, which quickly disintegrated, and the Hōjō were defeated.
1353:
With the protection of the Emperor, a figurehead himself, strains emerged between Kyoto and Kamakura, and in 1221 the
1231:
was defeated by Yoritomo in 1189, and the 100-year-long prosperity of the north disappeared. The old court resided in
3160:
2924:
2422:
2405:
2390:
2262:
2222:
2192:
2165:
675:
68:
46:
2105:
39:
3217:
3128:
793:
506:
1867:, a constable who turned against the Kamakura when dispatched to put down Go-Daigo's rebellion. At the same time,
3279:
3155:
2987:
2476:
2465:
735:
3224:
2117:
888:
553:
473:
2842:
1692:
recitation with an emphasis on practice rather than concentrating on an individual's underlying mental state.
511:
2982:
2536:
760:
1374:
Several significant administrative achievements were made during the Hōjō regency. In 1225 the third regent
1084:
Japan's first military code of law in 1232. There was an expansion of Buddhist teachings into Old Buddhism (
3165:
2977:
2524:
869:
859:
803:
788:
745:
2788:
2182:
703:
633:
2153:
3414:
3084:
2957:
2929:
2713:
2445:
1387:—in 1232 reflected the profound transition from court to militarized society. While legal practices in
840:
698:
453:
312:
3594:
3308:
3190:
3150:
3072:
3022:
2884:
2854:
2773:
2671:
2546:
2531:
2348:
1714:
1037:
881:
815:
798:
750:
628:
583:
478:
258:
220:
85:
1746:
1148:, the government is often referred to in Western literature as the Shogunate. Yoritomo followed the
538:
3712:
3409:
3320:
3118:
3101:
3007:
2992:
2896:
2864:
2837:
2048:
2025:
1402:
As might be expected, the literature of the time reflected the unsettled nature of the period. The
1057:
660:
578:
543:
501:
33:
3284:
3212:
3202:
3079:
3012:
2811:
1456:
During the Kamakura period six new Buddhist schools (classified by scholars as "New Buddhism" or
1060:
in 1333 which ended the rule of the shogunate. With this, the Kamakura period ended. There was a
780:
603:
433:
418:
3269:
3106:
3017:
2997:
2718:
2561:
2556:
2551:
1908:
1619:
820:
588:
380:
50:
3717:
3637:
3569:
3559:
3461:
3399:
3365:
3335:
3264:
3089:
3057:
2609:
2438:
1874:
In the swell of victory, Go-Daigo endeavored to restore imperial authority and tenth-century
438:
2696:
1429:
1100:
3652:
3394:
3133:
3094:
3002:
2962:
2579:
1938:
1904:
1900:
1607:
sect and its esoteric ritual continued to enjoy support largely from the noble families in
1228:
1114:
945:
563:
468:
329:
225:
132:
109:
1593:
1036:) under the shogun which became a powerless figurehead. The later Kamakura period saw the
8:
3642:
3574:
3564:
3447:
3325:
3207:
3177:
2874:
1362:
987:. Later, the prevailing theory was that the year was 1185, when Yoritomo established the
613:
568:
533:
443:
1310:
during the period, although later positions were created with similar power such as the
3584:
3496:
3419:
3372:
3345:
3340:
3289:
3062:
2972:
2945:
2816:
2768:
2746:
2691:
2664:
2052:
1964:
1860:
1812:
1793:
1702:
1442:
1382:
1375:
1281:
1271:
1073:
936:
932:
775:
608:
463:
360:
355:
1733:
3506:
3404:
3377:
3350:
3041:
2798:
2783:
2681:
2509:
2418:
2401:
2386:
2367:
2268:
2258:
2218:
2188:
2161:
2113:
1879:
1512:
1492:
1224:
1061:
1025:
825:
808:
755:
740:
428:
390:
268:
1991:
3647:
3486:
3439:
3424:
3360:
3242:
3185:
3067:
2686:
2491:
2481:
2300:
1864:
1856:
1417:
1077:
1065:
1053:
928:
864:
375:
284:
93:
2614:
2079:
1117:
had consolidated his power, he established a new government at his family home in
3511:
3481:
3476:
3389:
3355:
3274:
2967:
2859:
2778:
2758:
2519:
2412:
2044:
1915:
1868:
1450:
1358:
1238:
1145:
1069:
765:
573:
558:
548:
458:
2584:
144:
3691:
3627:
3579:
3536:
3429:
3330:
2708:
2514:
1968:
1960:
1852:
1848:
1836:
1354:
1285:
1181:
1049:
1045:
1029:
830:
365:
296:
253:
1983:
1104:
Provinces in the Kamakura period (excluding Hokkaido and the Satsunan Islands)
1024:
During the early Kamakura period, the shogunate continued warfare against the
3706:
3589:
3501:
3490:
3259:
3123:
2879:
2336:
2272:
1661:
1482:
1472:
1293:
1149:
1041:
957:
623:
618:
2832:
2604:
1768:
1656:
traveled to China and upon their return to Japan founded, respectively, the
494:
3681:
3657:
3600:
3466:
3294:
3113:
2638:
2626:
2621:
2599:
2594:
2589:
1979:
1875:
1742:
1738:
1724:
1392:
1245:
655:
319:
213:
185:
171:
157:
2849:
2676:
2342:
526:
263:
2869:
2633:
2014:
2003:
1797:
1781:
1762:
1577:
1546:
1405:
1396:
1004:, which controlled military and police power in various regions, and the
593:
199:
2703:
2257:. Perez, Louis (2nd ed.). Boulder, CO: Westview Press. p. 95.
2018:
1811:
priests attributed the two defeats of the Mongols to a "divine wind" or
1251:
1206:. After confiscating estates in central and western Japan, he appointed
1113:
of their own; the fief holders then exercised local military rule. Once
3526:
2891:
2793:
2741:
2654:
2033:
1896:
1600:
1423:
1289:
1255:
953:
949:
665:
648:
395:
344:
230:
101:
3616:
2919:
2763:
2753:
2304:
1975:
1953:
1657:
1522:
1502:
1468:
1163:
965:
691:
411:
385:
1920:
1534:
1313:
1139:
941:
2380:
2037:
1999:
1925:
1789:
1728:
1680:
1554:
1508:
1411:
1118:
3610:
1995:
code of law is promulgated to enhance control by the Hōjō regents.
1945:
1847:
decided to allow two contending imperial lines—known as the
1824:
1649:
1638:
1623:
1585:
1542:
1498:
1464:
1052:, to alternate the throne. In the 1330s, the Southern court under
3622:
3549:
3544:
2430:
2335:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
2029:
2010:
1801:
1785:
1773:
1758:
1720:
1642:
1612:
1604:
1569:
1538:
1488:
1305:
1033:
961:
1207:
1072:
but would later lead to direct rule under Ashikaga, forming the
1007:
3632:
3554:
3531:
3516:
3471:
2805:
1930:
1844:
1820:
1808:
1754:
1689:
1665:
1589:
1573:
1568:
Throughout the Kamakura period, older Buddhist sects including
1530:
1434:, of which twenty volumes were produced between 1201 and 1205.
1414:
concepts of impermanence and the vanity of human projects. The
1321:
1259:
1032:
in the early 13th century with the head of the clan as regent (
370:
3606:
3456:
3452:
2461:
1949:
1840:
1750:
1701:
culminated in the state-sanctioned formalized schools of the
1684:
1653:
1608:
1581:
1518:
1478:
1388:
1262:
1232:
1211:
990:
1296:
in 1180. The head of Hōjō was installed as a regent for the
2400:. Eight Printing (1993). Charles E. Tuttle Company, Tokyo,
1675:
1549:, collectively classified by scholars as "Old Buddhism" or
1220:, Yoritomo was both the steward and the constable general.
1136:, but because he was given the ancient high military title
1110:
1596:
continued to thrive and adapt to the trend of the times.
1959:
1221: The Kamakura army defeats the imperial army in the
1745:
court. Some commercial contacts were maintained with the
1629:
1637:
The first originators of Kamakura Buddhism schools were
1560:
1152:
form of house government and had an administrative board
1064:(1333–1336) of imperial rule under Go-Daigo assisted by
2299:. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information.
2078:(in Japanese). Toyo keizai. 9 June 2016. Archived from
1427:
1415:
1403:
1380:
1366:
1345:
1339:
1333:
1327:
1319:
1311:
1303:
1297:
1275:
1243:
1215:
1137:
2242:. London: Trench, Trubner & Company. p. 167.
1757:, news arrived in 1268 of a new Mongol-led regime in
2217:. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. p. 9.
1731:
had predicted these invasions years earlier, in his
1410:
describes the turmoil of the period in terms of the
960:
clans. The period is known for the emergence of the
1827:further threatened the stability of the shogunate.
1645:who emphasized belief and practice over formalism.
1688:practice. Ippen emphasized a popularized form of
1437:
964:, the warrior caste, and for the establishment of
3704:
1878:practices. This period of reform, known as the
1197:
1179:
1161:
1122:
1005:
988:
973:
920:
16:Period of Japanese history from CE 1185 to 1333
1695:
1191:
1173:
1155:
1129:
1014:
997:
980:
914:
2446:
2099:
2097:
1529:During this time the pre-existing schools of
1095:
889:
2317:McCullough, Helen Craig (1959): pp. 285–311.
2151:
1952:or executed. This inadvertently spread the
2208:
2206:
2204:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2129:
1727:were momentous events in Japanese history.
2453:
2439:
2385:. 1959. Charles E. Tuttle Company, Tokyo,
2094:
2047:conquers and destroys Kamakura during the
896:
882:
2187:. Columbia University Press. p. 65.
2112:. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.
2066:
1963:, thereby asserting the supremacy of the
1599:At the start of the Kamakura period, the
1521:(1239–1289) founded the Ji-shū branch of
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
2410:
2201:
2180:
2152:Osumi, Kazuo; Dobbins, James C. (1999).
2126:
1767:
1441:
1237:
1099:
32:This article includes a list of general
2726:Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)
2237:
2160:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University.
2103:
1719:The repulsions of two invasions by the
1648:In the latter part of the 12th-century
3705:
1924:(military leader) with a residence in
2434:
2212:
952:, which saw the struggle between the
2366:, University of Hawaii Press, 1994,
2255:Premodern Japan: A Historical Survey
2252:
1545:(774–835), and the great temples of
935:, officially established in 1192 in
18:
1708:
1056:revolted and eventually led to the
112:, founder of the Kamakura shogunate
13:
2902:2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami
2460:
2356:
1948:and his followers are exiled from
1788:force of 23,000 troops armed with
1422:narrated the rise and fall of the
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
3729:
2769:Imperial Constitution (1890–1947)
2154:"Buddhism in the Kamakura Period"
1467:(1133–1212) founded the Japanese
1391:were still based on 500-year-old
1357:broke out between the cloistered
931:that marks the governance by the
3687:
3686:
3675:
2377:McCullough, Helen Craig (1959).
2330:
2297:"NOAA Earthquake Database Query"
2240:The History of Japanese Religion
2215:Re-visioning "Kamakura" Buddhism
1292:that had allied itself with the
100:
23:
2383:. A Chronicle of Medieval Japan
2311:
2156:. In Hall, John Whitney (ed.).
2106:"Envisioning Kamakura Buddhism"
1982:is introduced to Japan by monk
1863:, rebelled. They were aided by
1438:Expansion of Buddhist teachings
1350:became a powerless figurehead.
3255:Agriculture, forestry, fishing
2417:, Cambridge University Press,
2414:The Cambridge History of Japan
2288:
2279:
2246:
2231:
2174:
2110:Re-visioning Kamakura Buddhism
2108:. In Payne, Richard K. (ed.).
2021:but are repelled by a typhoon.
1741:and the turning inward of the
1557:at some point in their lives.
1:
2324:
1956:doctrine to a wider audience.
1776:boarding Mongol ships in 1281
1121:. He called his government a
2398:A history of Japan 1334–1615
2184:Religion in Japanese History
2181:Kitagawa, Joseph M. (2010).
1830:
1302:; the regent was termed the
948:after the conclusion of the
7:
2843:1923 Great Kantō earthquake
2789:Abolition of the han system
1696:Legacy of Kamakura Buddhism
1428:
1416:
1404:
1381:
1367:
1346:
1340:
1334:
1328:
1320:
1312:
1304:
1298:
1276:
1244:
1216:
1198:
1180:
1162:
1138:
1123:
1006:
989:
974:
921:
10:
3734:
2238:Anesaki, Masaharu (1930).
2213:Payne, Richard K. (1998).
2158:Cambridge History of Japan
2104:Dobbins, James C. (1998).
1899:is defeated at sea at the
1712:
1096:Shogunate and Hōjō regency
3670:
3438:
3316:
3307:
3250:
3241:
3176:
3053:
3049:
3040:
2953:
2944:
2912:
2855:Japan during World War II
2825:
2734:
2672:Mongol invasions of Japan
2647:
2572:
2499:
2490:
2472:
2349:Federal Research Division
1889:
1715:Mongol invasions of Japan
1242:A famous Japanese wooden
1192:
1174:
1156:
1130:
1015:
998:
981:
915:
449:Invasion of Taiwan (1895)
424:Invasion of Taiwan (1874)
3129:House of Representatives
2925:2019 imperial transition
2897:Great Hanshin earthquake
2865:Second Sino-Japanese War
2838:Japan during World War I
2285:Varley, P. (1994) p. 82.
2074:
2059:
1749:in later centuries, but
1511:(1222–1282) founded the
1501:(1200–1253) founded the
1491:(1173–1263) founded the
1481:(1141–1215) founded the
1188:, and a board of inquiry
661:Great Hanshin earthquake
579:Second Sino-Japanese War
2812:First Sino-Japanese War
2411:Yamamura, Kozo (1990),
2396:Sansom, George (1963).
1851:or junior line and the
507:Intervention in Siberia
434:First Sino-Japanese War
53:more precise citations.
3280:Science and technology
2719:Council of Five Elders
2714:Azuchi–Momoyama period
1909:Minamoto no Yoshitsune
1884:War Between the Courts
1777:
1453:
1361:and the second regent
1344:. Under the Hōjō, the
1266:
1214:for the provinces. As
1170:, a board of retainers
1105:
1062:short re-establishment
836:Science and technology
589:Attack on Pearl Harbor
512:Great Kantō earthquake
454:Colonization of Taiwan
381:Convention of Kanagawa
221:Former Nine Years' War
164:1000 BC – 300 AD
150:14,000 – 1000 BC
3225:Deputy Prime Minister
2610:Asuka Kiyomihara Code
2253:Hane, Mikiso (2015).
2009:1274 & 1281: The
1934:system of government.
1918:appoints Yoritomo as
1771:
1747:Southern Song dynasty
1620:Latter Day of the Law
1445:
1241:
1103:
554:Invasion of Manchuria
479:Colonization of Korea
439:Treaty of Shimonoseki
178:300 AD – 538 AD
3134:House of Councillors
3028:World Heritage Sites
1939:Minamoto no Yoritomo
1901:Battle of Dan-no-ura
1229:Fujiwara no Yasuhira
1210:for the estates and
1115:Minamoto no Yoritomo
1088:) and New Buddhism (
946:Minamoto no Yoritomo
846:World Heritage Sites
564:February 26 incident
469:Treaty of Portsmouth
330:Battle of Sekigahara
226:Later Three-Year War
110:Minamoto no Yoritomo
3151:Self-Defense Forces
2075:鎌倉幕府は何年に成立？正解を言えますか
2024:1293: On May 27, a
1971:) over the emperor.
1928:, establishing the
676:Imperial transition
614:Occupation of Japan
604:Soviet–Japanese War
569:Anti-Comintern Pact
444:Triple Intervention
3285:Telecommunications
2817:Russo-Japanese War
2747:Tokugawa shogunate
2697:Nanboku-chō period
2692:Ashikaga shogunate
2665:Kamakura shogunate
2053:Kamakura shogunate
1965:Kamakura shogunate
1861:Kusunoki Masashige
1778:
1454:
1447:Head of a Guardian
1430:Shin Kokin Wakashū
1383:Goseibai Shikimoku
1288:, a branch of the
1272:Minamoto no Yoriie
1267:
1134:, tent government)
1106:
1076:in the succeeding
1074:Ashikaga shogunate
933:Kamakura shogunate
736:Capital punishment
712:2019–present
634:Asset price bubble
609:Surrender of Japan
474:Japan–Korea Treaty
464:Russo-Japanese War
419:Ryūkyū Disposition
361:Invasion of Ryukyu
356:Tokugawa shogunate
292:Nanboku-chō period
3700:
3699:
3666:
3665:
3415:Sexual minorities
3303:
3302:
3237:
3236:
3233:
3232:
3146:Political parties
3085:Foreign relations
3036:
3035:
2940:
2939:
2930:COVID-19 pandemic
2799:Satsuma Rebellion
2784:Meiji Restoration
2682:Kenmu Restoration
2542:Foreign relations
2372:978-0-8248-1601-8
2364:Warriors of Japan
2049:Siege of Kamakura
1961:Jōkyū Disturbance
1880:Kenmu Restoration
1734:Rissho Ankoku Ron
1284:—a member of the
1258:. It was made by
1225:Northern Fujiwara
1058:Siege of Kamakura
1026:Northern Fujiwara
906:
905:
771:Foreign relations
716:
715:
704:Abe assassination
699:COVID-19 pandemic
671:Tōhoku earthquake
429:Satsuma Rebellion
391:Meiji Restoration
269:Kenmu Restoration
79:
78:
71:
3725:
3690:
3689:
3682:Japan portal
3680:
3679:
3678:
3595:National symbols
3314:
3313:
3248:
3247:
3051:
3050:
3047:
3046:
2951:
2950:
2885:Economic miracle
2687:Muromachi period
2497:
2496:
2455:
2448:
2441:
2432:
2431:
2427:
2352:
2334:
2333:
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2315:
2309:
2308:
2305:10.7289/V5TD9V7K
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2198:
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2171:
2149:
2124:
2123:
2101:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2070:
2026:major earthquake
1895:1185: the rival
1865:Ashikaga Takauji
1857:Emperor Go-Daigo
1751:Japanese pirates
1709:Mongol invasions
1580:schools such as
1460:) were founded:
1433:
1421:
1418:Heike Monogatari
1409:
1386:
1370:
1349:
1343:
1337:
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1317:
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1301:
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1185:
1177:
1176:
1169:
1167:
1159:
1158:
1143:
1135:
1133:
1132:
1126:
1078:Muromachi period
1066:Ashikaga Takauji
1054:Emperor Go-Daigo
1020:
1018:
1017:
1011:
1003:
1001:
1000:
994:
986:
984:
983:
977:
929:Japanese history
926:
924:
918:
917:
898:
891:
884:
728:
629:Economic miracle
544:Nanking incident
539:Financial crisis
376:Perry Expedition
350:
259:Mongol invasions
138:before 14,000 BC
128:
127:
123:
104:
94:History of Japan
81:
80:
74:
67:
63:
60:
54:
49:this article by
40:inline citations
27:
26:
19:
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3713:Kamakura period
3703:
3702:
3701:
3696:
3676:
3674:
3662:
3482:Class S (genre)
3434:
3410:Sex trafficking
3385:Life expectancy
3321:Anti-monarchism
3299:
3229:
3172:
3139:List of members
3119:Law enforcement
3032:
2936:
2908:
2860:Mukden Incident
2821:
2779:Meiji oligarchy
2759:Empire of Japan
2730:
2660:Kamakura period
2643:
2568:
2486:
2468:
2459:
2425:
2359:
2357:Further reading
2344:Country Studies
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2071:
2067:
2062:
2045:Nitta Yoshisada
2002:is banished to
1916:Emperor Go-Toba
1892:
1869:Nitta Yoshisada
1833:
1717:
1711:
1698:
1635:
1630:"New Buddhism"
1566:
1561:"Old Buddhism"
1513:Nichiren school
1451:Brooklyn Museum
1440:
1359:Emperor Go-Toba
1189:
1171:
1153:
1146:Emperor Go-Toba
1140:Sei-i Taishōgun
1127:
1098:
1070:Nitta Yoshisada
1012:
995:
978:
927:is a period of
912:
910:Kamakura period
902:
852:
851:
850:
730:
729:
726:
718:
717:
709:
708:
684:1989–2019
681:
680:
641:1926–1989
638:
599:Atomic bombings
574:Tripartite Pact
559:May 15 incident
549:Mukden Incident
520:1912–1926
517:
516:
487:1868–1912
484:
483:
459:Boxer Rebellion
404:1603–1868
401:
400:
348:
338:1573–1603
335:
334:
313:Azuchi–Momoyama
305:1336–1573
302:
301:
277:1185–1333
274:
273:
236:
235:
206:710 – 794
203:
192:538 – 710
189:
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45:Please help to
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3537:Henohenomoheji
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3203:Foreign policy
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3080:Imperial House
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2988:Extreme points
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2709:Sengoku period
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2648:Post-Classical
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2007:
1996:
1992:Jōei Shikimoku
1987:
1972:
1957:
1942:
1935:
1912:
1891:
1888:
1853:Northern Court
1849:Southern Court
1832:
1829:
1796:, on northern
1761:. Its leader,
1755:Goryeo dynasty
1713:Main article:
1710:
1707:
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1628:
1565:
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1527:
1526:
1516:
1506:
1505:school of Zen.
1496:
1486:
1485:school of Zen.
1476:
1439:
1436:
1363:Hōjō Yoshitoki
1182:Samurai-dokoro
1097:
1094:
1050:Southern court
975:Seii Taishōgun
922:Kamakura jidai
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781:Historiography
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3270:Manufacturing
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3199:
3198:Fiscal policy
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3124:National Diet
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3107:Supreme Court
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1376:Hōjō Yasutoki
1372:
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1332:was also the
1330:
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1282:Hōjō Tokimasa
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619:Postwar Japan
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35:
30:
21:
20:
3718:Feudal Japan
3638:Tea ceremony
3615:
3609: /
3601:No-pan kissa
3599:
3570:Martial arts
3560:LGBT culture
3462:Architecture
3455: /
3400:Prostitution
3366:Homelessness
3336:Demographics
3260:Central bank
3090:Human rights
3058:Constitution
2913:Contemporary
2735:Early Modern
2659:
2639:Heian period
2627:Monmu period
2622:Taika Reform
2600:Asuka period
2595:Kofun period
2590:Yayoi period
2585:Jōmon period
2413:
2397:
2378:
2363:
2362:Varley, P.,
2343:
2313:
2290:
2281:
2254:
2248:
2239:
2233:
2214:
2183:
2176:
2157:
2109:
2084:. Retrieved
2080:the original
2068:
2019:invade Japan
1990:
1980:Zen Buddhism
1969:Hōjō regents
1929:
1919:
1883:
1873:
1834:
1817:
1806:
1779:
1739:Tang dynasty
1732:
1725:Yuan dynasty
1718:
1699:
1674:
1671:
1647:
1636:
1631:
1617:
1598:
1567:
1563:(Kyū Bukkyō)
1562:
1550:
1528:
1493:Jōdo Shinshū
1457:
1455:
1446:
1401:
1397:inheritances
1373:
1352:
1326:. Often the
1268:
1246:kongorikishi
1222:
1107:
1089:
1085:
1082:
1023:
970:
940:
925:, 1185–1333)
909:
907:
794:Christianity
690:
656:Lost Decades
647:
584:World War II
525:
493:
410:
345:
320:Nanban trade
311:
283:
246:
245:
212:
198:
184:
170:
156:
143:
131:
106:
65:
56:
37:
3653:Video games
3395:Pornography
3003:Prefectures
2983:Environment
2978:Earthquakes
2963:Archipelago
2870:Pacific War
2826:Late Modern
2634:Nara period
2580:Paleolithic
2051:ending the
2015:Kublai Khan
2004:Sado Island
1984:Dōgen Zenji
1843:court, the
1578:Nara temple
1537:(767–822),
1458:Shin Bukkyo
1090:Shin Bukkyō
746:Earthquakes
594:Pacific War
502:World War I
133:Paleolithic
51:introducing
3707:Categories
3643:Television
3565:Literature
3527:Hikikomori
3448:Aesthetics
3326:Censorship
3208:Ministries
3178:Government
2892:Heisei era
2875:Occupation
2833:Taishō era
2794:Boshin War
2774:Government
2742:Edo period
2655:Genpei War
2605:Taihō Code
2325:References
2119:0824820789
2034:Sagami Bay
1989:1232: The
1974:1227: The
1914:1192: The
1905:Yoritomo's
1897:Taira clan
1601:Mount Hiei
1576:, and the
1551:Kyū Bukkyo
1471:school or
1424:Taira clan
1250:statue of
1212:constables
1086:Kyū Bukkyō
968:in Japan.
950:Genpei War
666:Cool Japan
534:Militarism
396:Boshin War
349:(Tokugawa)
231:Genpei War
34:references
3617:Otokonoko
3585:Mythology
3497:Festivals
3420:Sexuality
3373:Languages
3346:Etiquette
3341:Education
3290:Transport
3102:Judiciary
3063:Elections
2973:Districts
2958:Addresses
2946:Geography
2920:Reiwa era
2850:Shōwa era
2764:Meiji era
2754:Bakumatsu
2677:Genkō War
2537:Education
2500:Overviews
2341:"Japan".
2273:895428280
1954:Pure Land
1876:Confucian
1831:Civil war
1807:Although
1790:catapults
1772:Japanese
1525:Buddhism.
1523:Pure Land
1469:Pure Land
1393:Confucian
1355:Jōkyū War
1286:Hōjō clan
1164:Mandokoro
1038:invasions
1030:Hōjō clan
966:feudalism
785:Religion
776:Geography
761:Education
756:Era names
386:Bakumatsu
325:Imjin War
285:Muromachi
264:Genkō War
254:Jōkyū War
3692:Category
3507:Folklore
3405:Religion
3378:Japanese
3351:Gambling
3161:Maritime
3042:Politics
3023:Villages
2704:Ōnin War
2547:Military
2532:Economic
2466:articles
2381:Taiheiki
2038:Kamakura
2000:Nichiren
1978:sect of
1926:Kamakura
1907:brother
1813:kamikaze
1729:Nichiren
1705:period.
1703:Tokugawa
1690:nenbutsu
1681:Nichiren
1555:Mt. Hiei
1509:Nichiren
1473:Jōdo-shū
1412:Buddhist
1379:law—the
1318:and the
1294:Minamoto
1265:in 1203.
1252:Tōdai-ji
1208:stewards
1200:Monchūjo
1150:Fujiwara
1119:Kamakura
1046:Northern
958:Minamoto
937:Kamakura
870:Timeline
860:Glossary
831:Post-war
826:Politics
816:Military
789:Buddhism
741:Currency
247:Kamakura
86:a series
84:Part of
59:May 2020
3648:Theatre
3623:Origami
3550:Irezumi
3545:Ikebana
3512:Gardens
3487:Cuisine
3440:Culture
3425:Smoking
3361:Housing
3309:Society
3243:Economy
3186:Cabinet
3068:Emperor
3008:Regions
2993:Islands
2880:Postwar
2808:(noble)
2573:Ancient
2520:Shoguns
2492:History
2482:Outline
2086:9 March
2030:tsunami
2017:try to
2011:Mongols
1802:typhoon
1774:samurai
1759:Beijing
1643:Shinran
1613:samurai
1605:Shingon
1570:Shingon
1539:Shingon
1489:Shinran
1329:Shikken
1306:Shikken
1274:became
1042:Mongols
1040:of the
1034:Shikken
962:samurai
865:History
804:Judaism
751:Economy
122:Periods
47:improve
3633:Shinto
3555:Kawaii
3532:Hanami
3517:Geisha
3477:Cinema
3472:Bonsai
3390:People
3356:Health
3275:Energy
3156:Ground
3013:Rivers
2968:Cities
2806:Kazoku
2506:Lists
2464:
2421:
2404:
2389:
2370:
2339:.
2271:
2261:
2221:
2191:
2164:
2116:
2043:1333:
1998:1271:
1944:1207:
1937:1199:
1931:bakufu
1921:shōgun
1890:Events
1845:bakufu
1821:bakufu
1809:Shinto
1798:Kyūshū
1794:Hakata
1786:Korean
1784:, and
1763:Kublai
1721:Mongol
1666:Tendai
1662:Rinzai
1592:, and
1590:Sanron
1574:Tendai
1535:Saichō
1531:Tendai
1483:Rinzai
1406:Hōjōki
1368:shōgun
1347:shōgun
1341:Rensho
1335:Tokusō
1322:Rensho
1314:Tokusō
1299:shōgun
1277:shōgun
1260:Busshi
1217:shōgun
1124:bakufu
942:shōgun
841:Sports
809:Shinto
766:Empire
727:Topics
649:Heisei
495:Taishō
371:Sakoku
107:Shōgun
88:on the
36:, but
3628:Sport
3611:Sentō
3607:Onsen
3590:Names
3580:Music
3575:Media
3541:Icons
3522:Games
3457:Manga
3453:Anime
3430:Women
3331:Crime
3265:Labor
3018:Towns
2998:Lakes
2552:Naval
2515:Clans
2477:Index
2462:Japan
2060:Notes
1950:Kyoto
1946:Hōnen
1941:dies.
1841:Kyoto
1825:rōnin
1743:Heian
1723:-led
1685:Ippen
1654:Eisai
1650:Dōgen
1639:Hōnen
1624:Shōen
1609:Kyoto
1594:Ritsu
1586:Hossō
1582:Kegon
1543:Kūkai
1519:Ippen
1499:Dōgen
1495:sect.
1479:Eisai
1465:Hōnen
1389:Kyoto
1290:Taira
1263:Unkei
1233:Kyoto
1111:fiefs
991:Shugo
982:征夷大将軍
954:Taira
821:Naval
799:Islam
692:Reiwa
527:Shōwa
412:Meiji
214:Heian
186:Asuka
172:Kofun
158:Yayoi
145:Jōmon
3502:Flag
3491:wine
3218:list
3191:list
3095:LGBT
3073:list
2525:Wars
2510:Eras
2419:ISBN
2402:ISBN
2387:ISBN
2379:The
2368:ISBN
2269:OCLC
2259:ISBN
2219:ISBN
2189:ISBN
2162:ISBN
2114:ISBN
2088:2024
2036:and
2032:hit
2028:and
1976:Sōtō
1837:Hōjō
1835:The
1683:and
1676:kami
1660:and
1658:Sōtō
1652:and
1641:and
1547:Nara
1503:Sōtō
1338:and
1256:Nara
1068:and
1048:and
1008:Jitō
956:and
916:鎌倉時代
908:The
200:Nara
3658:Zen
3467:Art
3295:Yen
3166:Air
3114:Law
2301:doi
2013:of
1903:by
1782:Han
1615:..
1193:問注所
1144:by
1092:).
346:Edo
3709::
2347:.
2267:.
2203:^
2128:^
2096:^
1588:,
1584:,
1572:,
1254:,
1196:,
1178:,
1175:侍所
1160:,
1157:政所
1131:幕府
1080:.
1016:地頭
999:守護
919:,
3493:)
3489:(
2454:e
2447:t
2440:v
2393:.
2374:.
2351:.
2307:.
2303::
2275:.
2227:.
2197:.
2170:.
2122:.
2090:.
2055:.
2006:.
1986:.
1967:(
1911:.
1515:.
1475:.
1204:)
1190:(
1186:)
1172:(
1168:)
1154:(
1128:(
1019:)
1013:(
1002:)
996:(
985:)
979:(
913:(
897:e
890:t
883:v
72:)
66:(
61:)
57:(
43:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
