357:, and hence the area is known as Kalam Kohistan. In the older linguistic literature, the language of Kalam Kohistan is referred to as Bashkarik (Morgenstierne, 1940), or as Garwi or Gawri (Grierson, 1919; Barth & Morgenstierne, 1958). These names are hardly, if at all, known to the speakers of the language themselves, who normally just call their language Kohistani. However, very recently a number of intellectuals belonging to a local cultural society have started to call their language Gawri, a name that has old historical roots.
1150:
1008:
341:. Kohistan is a Persian word that means ‘land of mountains’ and Kohistani can be translated as ‘mountain language’. As a matter of fact, there are several distinct languages in the area that are all popularly called Kohistani. The language under study in this paper is spoken in the upper parts of the valley of the
1043:
Approximately 50% of Gawri words can not be broken down to smaller morphological forms. Of the other half, most words are made up of about two to three morphemes. This language implements many modifications to the stem as opposed to using distinct morpheme additions. For example, many plural words
328:
south of Kalam), Indus
Kohistani, Bateri, Chilisso, and Gawro (the latter four east of Kalam in Indus Kohistan). Together with a range of other north-western Indo-Aryan mountain languages, these languages are sometimes collectively referred to as ‘Dardic’ languages.
319:
According to its genealogical classification (Strand, 1973:302 and 2004), Gawri belongs to the
Kohistani subgroup of the north-western zone of Indo-Aryan languages, along with several closely related languages in its geographical vicinity:
1242:
1341:
Rensch, C. R., Decker, S. J., & Hallberg, D. G. (1992). Patterns of languages use among the
Kohistanis of the Swat Valley. Languages of Kohistan. Islamabad, Pakistan: National Institute of Pakistan Studies Quaid-i-Azam
1335:
Zaman, S. M., & Baart, J. L. (2004). Gaawri zaban-o-adab (Inmal Haq Javed ed.). Islamabad: Department of
Pakistani Languages, Allama Iqbal Open University.
1439:
2070:
1392:
1372:
1270:
1387:
2022:
3899:
1407:
1348:
Barth, F., & Morgenstierne, G. (1954). Vocabularies and specimens of some S.E. Dardic dialects. Oslo: Universitets forleget
1351:
Baart, J.L. (2006). Report on local names and uses of plants in Kalam
Kohistan. FLI Language and Culture Series, Anthropology.
1252:
1367:
1432:
251:
1304:
2063:
3599:
1486:
1402:
1397:
360:
The same language is also spoken across the mountains to the West of Kalam
Kohistan, in the upper reaches of the
241:
17:
1382:
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1827:
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1330:
3251:
2286:
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231:
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3042:
2888:
2205:
2012:
213:
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953:
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897:
869:
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3459:
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2872:
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1962:
1844:
1161:
1019:
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2415:
1186:
368:. When added together, the two Kalam-Kohistani-speaking communities comprised over 200,000 people.
225:
1267:
117:
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2153:
1920:
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31:
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1997:
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1839:
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Baart, Joan and
Muhammad Zaman Sagar. 2020. THE GAWRI LANGUAGE OF KALAM AND DIR KOHISTAN.
8:
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are formed by changing the stem of words as opposed to modifying with a plural morpheme.
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697:
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627:
488:
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Gawri is one of about thirty languages that are spoken in the mountain areas of northern
137:
43:
3679:
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1947:
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39:
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1792:
1787:
1724:
1674:
1626:
1621:
1616:
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1412:
1287:
A sketch of Kalam
Kohistani grammar. Studies in Languages of Northern Pakistan.
913:
548:
361:
296:
162:
1219:
3888:
3830:
3486:
3400:
3375:
3160:
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2400:
1902:
835:
760:
554:
325:
292:
288:
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3825:
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1862:
1497:
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Islamabad: National
Institute of Pakistan Studies Quaid-i-Azam University.
458:
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354:
189:
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2718:
2221:
1952:
1694:
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386:
1417:
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1007:
3012:
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2952:
2048:
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1224:
432:
391:
342:
3802:
3711:
3691:
2380:
2375:
2107:
1345:
Lothers, M. D. (1996). Deixis in Kalam
Kohistani narrative discourse.
1206:
415:
198:
182:
3840:
3582:
2933:
2395:
2390:
2370:
2128:
945:
350:
338:
308:
259:
72:
3774:
3645:
3118:
2852:
2365:
1578:
255:
1244:
The Sounds and Tones of Kalam Kohistani: With Wordlist and Texts
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2937:
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2410:
2301:
2226:
2017:
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1729:
1679:
1573:
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2826:
2031:
1854:
35:
3629:
2942:
1972:
1462:
258:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
27:
Indo-Aryan language spoken in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
3721:
1361:
1338:
Stahl, J. L. (1988). Multilingualism in Kalam Kohistan.
1364:, contains various materials in and about the language
1247:. National Institute of Pakistan Studies. p. 1.
1106:
Words can also be modified by suffixes and prefixes.
353:. The name of the principal village of this area is
3886:
30:"Gawri" redirects here. Not to be confused with
2064:
1433:
1388:The Gawri Language of Kalam and Dir Kohistani
1383:Names of Plants in Kalam Kohistani (Pakistan)
1368:The Gawri Language of Kalam and Dir Kohistan
1408:SOCIOLINGUISTIC SURVEY OF NORTHERN PAKISTAN
465:) are probably contrastive for all vowels.
2071:
2057:
1440:
1426:
332:
1447:
1320:
2078:
1207:"The past and present of Gawri language"
1000:, but this can be changed for emphasis.
291:(also called Kalam) region in the upper
252:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
14:
3887:
1305:"Constrastive tone in Kalam Kohistani"
2052:
1421:
1362:Gawri Community Development Programme
1302:
1240:
1144:
1002:
1378:A Sketch of Kalam Kohistani Grammar
24:
1296:
1213:
25:
3911:
1355:
314:
3777:(unknown further classification)
1373:Tone and song in Kalam Kohistani
1268:Tone and song in Kalam Kohistani
1148:
1006:
3900:Languages of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
1279:
1261:
1234:
1199:
996:The default sentence order is
13:
1:
1403:LAPSyD Online page for Kalami
1192:
1038:
468:
1413:Endangered Languages Project
371:
57:Kalami, Bashkarik, Kohistani
7:
1322:10.1349/PS1.1537-0852.A.265
1180:
347:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province
10:
3916:
1398:Tribes of the Hindoo Koosh
1241:Baart, Joan L. G. (1997).
986:
29:
3854:
3811:
3767:
3744:
3700:
3643:
3617:
3608:
3575:
3550:
3520:
3469:
3458:
3451:
3414:
3368:
3338:
3295:
3232:
3221:
3186:
3148:
3127:
3101:
3080:
3059:
3050:
3041:
3021:
2990:
2896:
2887:
2840:
2732:
2649:
2581:
2574:
2527:
2485:
2457:
2450:
2443:
2341:
2320:
2294:
2285:
2235:
2214:
2178:
2162:
2116:
2095:
2086:
1990:
1853:
1778:
1635:
1587:
1534:
1496:
1481:
1455:
1303:Baart, Joan L.G. (2004).
991:
912:
885:
828:
753:
660:
547:
514:
475:
376:
238:
224:
212:
196:
180:
175:
159:
106:
96:
88:
78:
68:
61:
56:
51:
3655:Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit
1187:Indus Kohistani language
1100:‘is coming, are coming’
2013:Pakistani Sign Language
1230:(subscription required)
974:
959:After the front vowels
952:tend to be replaced by
333:Geographic distribution
271:(ګاوری), also known as
3863:Indo-Iranian languages
979:Gawri has contrastive
240:This article contains
3533:Maharashtrian Konkani
1449:Languages of Pakistan
1393:Kalam Kohistani Texts
1285:Baart, J. L. (1999).
3821:Andaman Creole Hindi
3252:Bishnupriya Manipuri
3072:Caribbean Hindustani
2080:Indo-Aryan languages
1998:Indo-Aryan languages
1309:Linguistic Discovery
3868:Nuristani languages
3600:Mitanni superstrate
2206:Wotapuri-Katarqalai
1487:administrative unit
285:Indo-Aryan language
102:100,000 (2004)
44:Gawar-Bati language
3754:Proto-Indo-Iranian
3635:Early Ardhamagadhi
1637:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
1456:Official languages
1273:2007-03-05 at the
1160:. You can help by
1018:. You can help by
366:Upper Dir District
305:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
301:Upper Dir District
83:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
3882:
3881:
3873:Iranian languages
3740:
3739:
3660:Dramatic Prakrits
3571:
3570:
3546:
3545:
3447:
3446:
3364:
3363:
3320:Rajbanshi (Nepal)
3217:
3216:
3037:
3036:
2883:
2882:
2873:list of languages
2570:
2569:
2523:
2522:
2439:
2438:
2281:
2280:
2046:
2045:
1986:
1985:
1254:978-969-8023-03-4
1228:(18th ed., 2015)
1178:
1177:
1143:
1142:
1104:
1103:
1036:
1035:
939:
938:
864:
838:
804:
763:
732:
700:
668:
630:
595:
557:
448:
447:
295:and in the upper
266:
265:
248:rendering support
244:phonetic symbols.
42:of India, or the
16:(Redirected from
3907:
3895:Dardic languages
3759:Proto-Indo-Aryan
3615:
3614:
3538:Canarese Konkani
3467:
3466:
3456:
3455:
3230:
3229:
3057:
3056:
3048:
3047:
2894:
2893:
2579:
2578:
2455:
2454:
2448:
2447:
2292:
2291:
2093:
2092:
2073:
2066:
2059:
2050:
2049:
2008:Iranic languages
2003:Dardic languages
1818:Pothwari Punjabi
1589:Gilgit-Baltistan
1494:
1493:
1490:
1442:
1435:
1428:
1419:
1418:
1326:
1324:
1290:
1283:
1277:
1265:
1259:
1258:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1217:
1211:
1210:
1203:
1173:
1170:
1152:
1145:
1109:
1108:
1047:
1046:
1031:
1028:
1010:
1003:
966:
962:
956:, respectively.
955:
951:
944:occur mainly in
943:
927:
922:
904:
899:
871:
860:
845:
834:
820:
811:
800:
795:
788:
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743:
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712:
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696:
685:
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591:
584:
579:
572:
567:
562:
553:
539:
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527:
522:
473:
472:
464:
456:
444:
439:
427:
422:
410:
405:
381:
380:
364:river valley of
299:river valley of
234:
208:
192:
185:
165:
112:
49:
48:
21:
3915:
3914:
3910:
3909:
3908:
3906:
3905:
3904:
3885:
3884:
3883:
3878:
3877:
3850:
3813:
3807:
3763:
3746:
3736:
3696:
3639:
3625:Ashokan Prakrit
3604:
3567:
3542:
3516:
3461:
3443:
3410:
3360:
3334:
3291:
3224:
3213:
3182:
3144:
3123:
3097:
3076:
3033:
3017:
2986:
2958:Hyderabadi Urdu
2879:
2836:
2728:
2645:
2566:
2519:
2510:Pahari-Pothwari
2481:
2435:
2416:Pahari Kinnauri
2337:
2316:
2277:
2243:Indus Kohistani
2236:Hazara Division
2231:
2210:
2174:
2158:
2112:
2082:
2077:
2047:
2042:
2028:Pakistani Hindi
1982:
1849:
1774:
1715:Kohistani Shina
1685:Indus Kohistani
1631:
1583:
1530:
1526:Pahari-Pothwari
1484:
1483:
1482:Other languages
1477:
1451:
1446:
1358:
1299:
1297:Further reading
1294:
1293:
1284:
1280:
1275:Wayback Machine
1266:
1262:
1255:
1239:
1235:
1229:
1218:
1214:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1195:
1183:
1174:
1168:
1165:
1158:needs expansion
1041:
1032:
1026:
1023:
1016:needs expansion
994:
989:
977:
471:
379:
374:
335:
317:
277:Kalam Kohistani
246:Without proper
230:
204:
188:
181:
166:
161:
155:
113:
110:Language family
108:
99:
98:Native speakers
63:
47:
40:Gawari language
28:
23:
22:
18:Kalami language
15:
12:
11:
5:
3913:
3903:
3902:
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3880:
3879:
3876:
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3865:
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3499:
3494:
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3431:
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3408:
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3393:
3388:
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3366:
3365:
3362:
3361:
3359:
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3342:
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3336:
3335:
3333:
3332:
3327:
3322:
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3316:
3315:
3310:
3299:
3297:
3293:
3292:
3290:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3248:
3247:
3236:
3234:
3227:
3219:
3218:
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3214:
3212:
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3210:
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3204:
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3137:
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3111:
3105:
3103:
3099:
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3090:
3084:
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3078:
3077:
3075:
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3069:
3063:
3061:
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3039:
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3035:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3025:
3023:
3019:
3018:
3016:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2994:
2992:
2988:
2987:
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2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
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2966:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2940:
2931:
2926:
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935:
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931:
929:
924:
919:
917:
915:
911:
908:
906:
901:
896:
894:
892:
890:
888:
884:
881:
879:
877:
875:
873:
868:
866:
863:
859:
858:
855:
853:
851:
849:
847:
842:
840:
837:
833:
831:
827:
824:
822:
817:
815:
813:
808:
806:
803:
799:
798:
792:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
762:
758:
756:
752:
749:
747:
745:
740:
738:
736:
734:
731:
727:
726:
723:
721:
719:
714:
709:
704:
702:
699:
695:
694:
691:
689:
687:
682:
677:
672:
670:
665:
663:
659:
656:
654:
649:
647:
642:
637:
632:
629:
625:
624:
621:
619:
614:
612:
607:
602:
597:
594:
590:
589:
586:
581:
576:
574:
569:
564:
559:
556:
552:
550:
546:
543:
541:
536:
534:
529:
524:
519:
517:
513:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
474:
466:
460:
452:
441:
436:
434:
431:
430:
424:
419:
417:
414:
413:
407:
402:
400:
397:
396:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
382:
369:
367:
363:
358:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
330:
327:
323:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
293:Swat District
290:
289:Swat Kohistan
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
243:
237:
233:
229:
227:
223:
220:
217:
215:
211:
207:
203:
201:
200:
195:
191:
187:
184:
179:
174:
171:
170:Arabic script
168:
164:
158:
144:
141:
140:
139:
136:
135:
134:
131:
130:
129:
126:
125:
124:
121:
120:
119:
118:Indo-European
115:
111:
105:
101:
95:
92:Kalami people
91:
87:
84:
81:
77:
74:
71:
67:
64:Gāwrī, Kālāmī
60:
55:
50:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
3826:Bombay Hindi
3768:Unclassified
3665:Ardhamagadhi
3492:Berar Deccan
3346:Chittagonian
3339:Chittagonian
2832:Vaagri Booli
2797:Pauri Bareli
2792:Palya Bareli
2757:Dhodia–Kukna
2631:Parkari Koli
2444:Northwestern
2134:Kundal Shahi
1521:Kundal Shahi
1498:Azad Kashmir
1312:
1308:
1281:
1263:
1243:
1236:
1223:
1215:
1201:
1166:
1162:adding to it
1157:
1105:
1071:‘is coming’
1042:
1024:
1020:adding to it
1015:
995:
978:
958:
940:
459:nasalization
449:
359:
336:
318:
280:
276:
272:
268:
267:
239:
226:Linguasphere
197:
142:
123:Indo-Iranian
62:کالامي ګاوری
3814:and creoles
3796:Lahul Lohar
3675:Maharashtri
3272:Mal Paharia
3262:Kharia Thar
2904:Braj Bhasha
1695:Kalasha-mun
1536:Balochistan
1342:University.
1139:‘had gone’
1131:'has gone’
969:palatalized
887:Approximant
254:instead of
46:of Chitral.
3889:Categories
3717:Apabhraṃśa
3703:Apabhraṃśa
3680:Shauraseni
3396:Bodo Parja
3381:Sambalpuri
3313:Goalpariya
3287:Tanchangya
3277:Noakhailla
3202:Bote-Darai
3013:Fiji Hindi
2982:Sadhukkadi
2953:Judeo-Urdu
2919:Hindustani
2709:Shekhawati
2651:Rajasthani
2636:Saurashtra
2361:Bhadarwahi
2191:Gawar-Bati
1958:Rajasthani
1840:Rajasthani
1670:Gawar-Bati
1645:Burushaski
1602:Burushaski
1225:Ethnologue
1193:References
1169:April 2016
1039:Morphology
469:Consonants
343:Swat River
287:spoken in
275:(کالامي),
128:Indo-Aryan
3803:Sheikhgal
3747:languages
3712:Abahattha
3692:Paishachi
3593:Classical
3558:Maldivian
3330:Surjapuri
3296:Kamarupic
3198:Kuswaric
3060:Bhojpuric
2848:Khandeshi
2381:Chambeali
2376:Bilaspuri
2273:Mankiyali
2201:Shumashti
2196:Nangalami
2108:Kishtwari
1720:Mankiyali
1027:June 2008
946:loanwords
836:voiceless
761:voiceless
755:Fricative
698:aspirated
662:Affricate
628:aspirated
555:voiceless
489:Retroflex
463:/ ̃/
372:Phonology
345:, in the
281:Bashkarik
199:Glottolog
183:ISO 639-3
138:Kohistani
89:Ethnicity
3859:See also
3841:Nefamese
3836:Nagamese
3727:Kamarupi
3687:Gāndhārī
3644:Middle (
3583:Sanskrit
3521:Konkanic
3470:Marathic
3460:Marathi–
3452:Southern
3356:Rohingya
3325:Rangpuri
3303:Assamese
3267:Kurmukar
3245:dialects
3225:Kamarupa
3109:Maithili
3102:Maithili
3067:Bhojpuri
2972:Kannauji
2934:Hinglish
2914:Haryanvi
2679:Dhundari
2619:Wadiyara
2601:Jandavra
2596:Gujarati
2583:Gujarati
2505:Khetrani
2470:dialects
2426:Sirmauri
2406:Jaunsari
2396:Mandeali
2391:Pangwali
2371:Bhateali
2328:Garhwali
2287:Northern
2253:Chilisso
2129:Brokskat
2103:Kashmiri
2096:Kashmiri
2038:Chagatai
1921:Wadiyara
1898:Jandavra
1893:Gujarati
1828:dialects
1750:Shekhani
1660:Chilisso
1569:Khetrani
1559:Hazaragi
1516:Kashmiri
1467:national
1271:Archived
1181:See also
1115:Meaning
1055:Meaning
362:Panjkora
351:Pakistan
339:Pakistan
309:Pakistan
297:Panjkora
283:, is an
260:Help:IPA
232:59-AAC-c
206:kala1373
73:Pakistan
3812:Pidgins
3791:Chinali
3781:Bazigar
3775:Badeshi
3670:Magadhi
3646:Prakrit
3563:Sinhala
3551:Insular
3528:Konkani
3507:Katkari
3502:Phudagi
3482:Varhadi
3477:Marathi
3462:Konkani
3434:Bhunjia
3308:Kamrupi
3282:Sylheti
3240:Bengali
3233:Bengali
3194:Kumhali
3161:Kochila
3149:Tharuic
3140:Kurmali
3128:Sadanic
3119:Bajjika
3093:Khortha
3043:Eastern
3003:Bagheli
2991:Eastern
2948:Deccani
2924:Kauravi
2909:Bundeli
2897:Western
2889:Central
2858:Dawoodi
2853:Lambadi
2777:Bhilori
2747:Bhilali
2694:Marwari
2684:Harauti
2614:Parkari
2575:Western
2542:Kholosi
2537:Jadgali
2515:Saraiki
2465:Punjabi
2458:Eastern
2451:Punjabi
2421:Hinduri
2366:Churahi
2343:Western
2333:Kumaoni
2321:Central
2295:Eastern
2222:Kalasha
2215:Chitral
2170:Pashayi
2163:Pashayi
2139:Kalkoti
2023:Persian
1938:Marwari
1916:Parkari
1873:Bengali
1835:Saraiki
1823:Punjabi
1808:Marwari
1803:Kabutra
1755:Torwali
1705:Kamviri
1700:Kalkoti
1650:Badeshi
1607:Dawoodi
1579:Wanetsi
1564:Jadgali
1554:Dehwari
1544:Balochi
1473:English
1123:‘went’
987:Grammar
942:/qfzxɣ/
830:Lateral
509:Glottal
494:Palatal
322:Torwali
256:Unicode
3745:Proto-
3701:Late (
3610:Middle
3512:Kadodi
3439:Nahari
3416:Halbic
3391:Bhatri
3351:Chakma
3257:Hajong
3223:Gauda–
3207:Danwar
3187:Others
3178:Musasa
3114:Angika
3088:Magahi
3081:Magahi
3052:Bihari
3022:Others
2998:Awadhi
2963:Rekhta
2938:Urdish
2868:Romani
2863:Domari
2841:Others
2822:Vasavi
2807:Pardhi
2787:Magari
2782:Mawchi
2772:Bauria
2762:Dhanki
2752:Chodri
2724:Nimadi
2714:Dhatki
2704:Mewari
2699:Mewati
2674:Gujari
2669:Loarki
2664:Goaria
2641:Vaghri
2562:Sindhi
2557:Memoni
2552:Luwati
2547:Kutchi
2529:Sindhi
2495:Hindko
2487:Lahnda
2431:Sarazi
2411:Kullui
2356:Kangri
2312:Nepali
2302:Doteli
2268:Tirahi
2263:Kalami
2248:Bateri
2227:Khowar
2186:Dameli
2149:Palula
2144:Ushoji
2088:Dardic
2018:Arabic
1978:Vaghri
1968:Sindhi
1963:Rangri
1948:Mewari
1943:Memoni
1933:Loarki
1928:Kutchi
1888:Goaria
1883:Dhatki
1845:Rangri
1813:Mewari
1798:Hindko
1780:Punjab
1770:Yidgha
1760:Ushoji
1740:Pashto
1735:Palula
1730:Ormuri
1710:Khowar
1690:Kalami
1680:Hindko
1665:Dameli
1655:Bateri
1612:Khowar
1574:Pashto
1549:Brahui
1511:Gujari
1251:
992:Syntax
862:voiced
802:voiced
730:voiced
593:voiced
504:Uvular
484:Dental
479:Labial
457:) and
451:Length
377:Vowels
273:Kalami
219:Kalami
133:Dardic
79:Region
38:, the
3846:Vedda
3618:Early
3588:Vedic
3497:Varli
3429:Kamar
3424:Halbi
3406:Kupia
3386:Desia
3173:Majhi
3166:Buksa
3156:Tharu
3135:Sadri
3029:Parya
2977:Sansi
2929:Hindi
2827:Wagdi
2817:Kalto
2812:Gamit
2767:Dubli
2742:Bhili
2689:Malvi
2659:Bagri
2609:Kachi
2605:Koli
2477:Sansi
2386:Gaddi
2351:Dogri
2307:Jumli
2258:Gowro
2179:Kunar
2124:Shina
2117:Shina
2032:Hindi
1911:Kachi
1907:Koli
1878:Bhaya
1868:Bagri
1855:Sindh
1793:Dogri
1788:Bagri
1765:Wazir
1725:Munji
1675:Gowro
1627:Wakhi
1622:Shina
1617:Purgi
1597:Balti
1506:Dogri
1315:(2).
1220:Gawri
1136:gās̆
1112:Word
1097:yent
1084:yänt
1077:masc.
1068:yant
1061:masc.
1052:Word
981:tones
965:/kɡŋ/
961:/iea/
667:plain
516:Nasal
499:Velar
399:Close
387:Front
355:Kalam
269:Gawri
143:Gawri
52:Gawri
36:Gavri
32:Gauri
3630:Pāli
3487:Andh
3401:Reli
3376:Odia
3369:Odia
2943:Urdu
2734:Bhil
2500:Inku
2154:Sawi
1973:Urdu
1903:Jogi
1745:Sawi
1485:(by
1463:Urdu
1249:ISBN
1128:gāt
1093:fem.
975:Tone
971:: .
967:are
954:/xp/
950:/qf/
914:Flap
549:Stop
433:Open
392:Back
326:Swat
324:(in
279:and
3722:Elu
3576:Old
2591:Aer
1863:Aer
1317:doi
1222:at
1164:.
1120:gā
1080:pl.
1064:sg.
1022:.
998:SOV
767:(f)
716:tʃʰ
711:tʂʰ
706:tsʰ
583:(q)
455:/ː/
416:Mid
349:of
242:IPA
214:ELP
190:gwc
3891::
2719:Od
1953:Od
1311:.
1307:.
983:.
948:.
742:dʒ
684:tʃ
679:tʂ
674:ts
651:kʰ
644:ʈʰ
639:tʰ
634:pʰ
311:.
307:,
303:,
34:,
3705:)
3648:)
2936:/
2072:e
2065:t
2058:v
2034:)
2030:(
1489:)
1469:)
1465:(
1441:e
1434:t
1427:v
1325:.
1319::
1313:2
1257:.
1209:.
1171:)
1167:(
1029:)
1025:(
926:ɽ
921:ɾ
903:w
898:j
870:l
844:ɬ
819:ɣ
810:z
794:h
787:x
782:ʃ
777:ʂ
772:s
616:ɡ
609:ɖ
604:d
599:b
578:k
571:ʈ
566:t
561:p
538:ŋ
531:ɳ
526:n
521:m
461:(
453:(
443:ɑ
438:a
426:o
421:e
409:u
404:i
262:.
20:)
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