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334:, the Field Foundation, and the adoption agency founded by her mother in 1916 and renamed "Louise Wise Services" by Polier, who served as president of its board of directors beginning in 1946, and the Wiltwyck School. She also served on the board of directors for the Northside Center for Child Development, founded by
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She was deeply moved by the Jewish prophetic tradition of commitment to justice. Polier's concern for Jewish rights meant that, like her parents, she was a committed
Zionist. She served as vice-president of the American Jewish Congress, and president of its women's division. In addition, she believed
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Polier was an advocate for poor women and children throughout her life. In the 1920s she fought for the
Passaic women laborers, in the 1980s she condemned the federal ban on funding for poor women's medically necessary abortions, and she spent her retirement monitoring national juvenile detention
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She also fought against race discrimination, serving as Vice-Chairman of the
Subcommittee on Bill of Rights and General Welfare, where she pushed for anti-discrimination laws in the context of employment and child welfare in education. In 1942, she and Justice Jane Bolin helped pass a "Race
303:, also fought racial discrimination by religious groups by helping to found a special school for black boys in New York. Additionally, she pushed for a psychological approach in the fight for elimination of race matching in probation.
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At the same time, she insisted compassion was worthless unless accompanied by a commitment to justice. Although she had never planned to serve more than a few years in the Family Court, Polier stayed for almost four decades.
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During what she called her "second day," Polier worked to broaden services to troubled children and their families with organizations like the
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Preferring social legislation to practicing law, Polier worked as the first woman referee and in 1934 Assistant
Corporate Council for the
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Discrimination
Amendment" penned by her husband in the New York City's appropriations budget. Polier also supported the
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made Polier a judge on the
Domestic Relations Court. At age 32, she became the first woman judge in New York State.
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223:(1909). He was also a leading advocate of a Jewish state and a pro-labor activist. Her mother was an artist and
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in the New York school system and institutional racism elsewhere in the public sector. She, along with
Justice
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to, albeit unsuccessfully, urge
Congress to allow Jewish children to circumvent strict immigration quotas.
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Polier was also an advocate for Jewish children attempting to escape from Nazi
Germany, collaborating with
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As a young woman, she studied labor relations and advocated for workers’ rights, while also working at
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680:, Adoption History Project, Department of History, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon website
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Polier's first husband was Leon Arthur Tulin, a professor of criminal law at Yale. He died of
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Notable
American Women: A Biographical Dictionary Completing the Twentieth Century, Volume 5
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Notable American Women: A Biographical Dictionary Completing the Twentieth Century, Volume 5
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that pluralism and the separation of church and state were "the essence of Americanism."
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Wise; April 12, 1903 – July 31, 1987) was an American lawyer, the first woman Justice in
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Guide to the Justine Wise Polier and Eleanor Roosevelt Correspondence Collection
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In her time serving as judge, Polier was deeply involved in combating de facto
717:""Racial and Religious Democracy": Identity and Equality in Midcentury Courts"
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who founded the Free Synagogue Adoption Committee in 1916 in New York.
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has held a biannual "Justine Wise Polier Symposium" as early as 2012.
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831:"2016 Justine Wise Polier Symposium: The Future Of NYC Family Court"
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887:. American Jewish Historical Society: Center for Jewish History
575:. American Jewish Historical Society: Center for Jewish History
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Jewish Women's Archive, "JWA - Justine Wise - Introduction,"
862:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 521–523 (biography).
617:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 521–523 (biography).
215:. Her father was a prominent rabbi who helped found the
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She died on July 31, 1987, aged 84, in New York City.
472:. Polier's ideal of justice was infused with empathy.
915:
554:
Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia
833:. Citizens' Committee for Children of New York. 2016
811:. Citizens' Committee for Children of New York. 2014
789:. Citizens' Committee for Children of New York. 2012
501:List of first women lawyers and judges in New York
523:Berman, Morton Mayer; Voss, Carl Hermann (2007),
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912:Women of Valor exhibit on Justine Wise Polier
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254:, where she eventually became editor of the
885:"Guide to the Shad Polier Papers,1916-1976"
573:"Guide to the Shad Polier Papers,1916-1976"
274:(IJA) in 1933 alongside her future husband
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203:Justine Wise was born April 12, 1903, in
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272:International Juridicial Association
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270:Polier began volunteering with the
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759:Barbara A. Moe (1 January 2007).
715:Katz, Elizabeth D. (2020-06-30).
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678:"Justine Wise Polier (1903-1987)"
489:Citizens' Committee for Children
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332:Citizens' Committee for Children
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258:. She commuted to support the
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762:Adoption: A Reference Handbook
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288:In 1935, New York City Mayor
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250:. In 1925, she enrolled in
232:Elizabeth Peabody Settlement
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122:Judge, lawyer, civic leader
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765:. ABC-CLIO. p. 164.
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990:Bryn Mawr College alumni
980:Radcliffe College alumni
960:New York (state) lawyers
306:In 1936, Polier decided
217:American Jewish Congress
470:Children's Defense Fund
236:Horace Mann High School
1015:Jewish women activists
985:Barnard College alumni
965:Yale Law School alumni
916:Jewish Women's Archive
908:: Justine Wise Polier
906:Jewish Women's Archive
740:Cite journal requires
646:"Website of the NAACP"
548:Antler, Joyce (2009),
525:"Wise, Stephen Samuel"
290:Fiorello H. La Guardia
283:Workman's Compensation
550:"Justine Wise Polier"
529:Encyclopaedia Judaica
856:Ware, Susan (2004).
611:Ware, Susan (2004).
370:improve this article
213:Louise Waterman Wise
171:Louise Waterman Wise
924:Schlesinger Library
385:"Justine W. Polier"
260:1926 Passaic Strike
165:Stephen Samuel Wise
35:Justine Wise Polier
921:Papers, 1892-1990.
342:Personal and death
902:(March 20, 2008).
772:978-1-59884-029-2
719:. Rochester, NY.
468:policies for the
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317:Eleanor Roosevelt
244:Radcliffe College
240:Bryn Mawr College
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138:Leon Arthur Tulin
127:Years active
98:Radcliffe College
94:Bryn Mawr College
23:Justine W. Polier
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72:(1987-07-31)
45:Justine Wise
955:1987 deaths
950:1903 births
891:28 November
875:28 November
837:28 November
815:28 November
793:28 November
630:28 November
579:28 November
458:Shad Polier
336:Mamie Clark
297:segregation
276:Shad Polier
207:, to Rabbi
143:Shad Polier
944:Categories
656:2008-03-20
559:2014-05-04
535:2014-05-04
507:References
456:, she met
396:newspapers
301:Jane Bolin
285:Division.
199:Background
114:Law School
51:1903-04-12
531:: 100–103
426:July 2023
145:(m. 1937)
135:Spouse(s)
130:1926–1987
90:Education
495:See also
450:leukemia
193:New York
173:(mother)
167:(father)
150:Children
82:New York
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158:Parents
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266:Career
246:, and
84:, U.S.
61:, U.S.
417:JSTOR
403:books
221:NAACP
893:2016
877:2016
864:ISBN
839:2016
817:2016
795:2016
767:ISBN
746:help
721:SSRN
632:2016
619:ISBN
581:2016
487:The
389:news
211:and
67:Died
41:Born
372:by
188:née
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