20:
69:
question. The
English believed that this court had not been competent to try and execute these EIC members, and so believed the executions to have been fundamentally illegal, thus constituting "judicial murder". The Dutch, on the other hand, believed the court to have been fundamentally competent, and wished to focus instead on misconduct of the particular judges in the court.
449:, 10th Term of Office, 118. plenary session. Bonn, Friday, 25 January 1985. Protocol, p. 8762: "The Volksgerichtshof was an instrument of state-sanctioned terror, which served one single purpose, which was the destruction of political opponents. Behind a juridical facade, state-sanctioned murder was committed."
145:
Let us suppose the extreme case of a prisoner charged with a capital offense who is deaf and dumb, illiterate and feeble minded, unable to employ counsel, with the whole power of the state arrayed against him, prosecuted by counsel for the state without assignment of counsel for his defense, tried,
68:
in 1623, which caused a legal dispute between the
English and Dutch governments over the conduct of a court in the Dutch East Indies that had ordered the execution of ten English men accused of treason. The dispute centered around differing interpretations of the legal jurisdiction of the court in
55:
describes it as "death inflicted by process of law, capital punishment, esp. considered to be unjust or cruel". Judicial murder is not to be confused with judicial homicide, which may include the carrying out of capital punishment.
309:„Ermordung eines Unschuldigen, vorsätzlich, und so gar mit allem Pompe der heil. Justiz, verübt von Leuten, die gesetzt sind, daß sie verhüten sollen, daß ein Mord geschehe, oder falls er geschehen, doch gehörig gestraft werde.“
127:"the murder of an innocent, deliberately, and with all the pomp of holy Justice, perpetrated by people installed to prevent murder, or, if a murder has occurred, to see to it that it is punished appropriately."
150:
312:
230:
96: as such, but most noted for critiquing the French justice system in cases of judicial error, including the infamous cases of
453:
430:
403:
376:
349:
266:
297:
Natural allegiance, and a national protection, truly stated, being a full answer to Dr. G. Burnett's vindication of himself.
146:
convicted and sentenced to death. Such a result … if carried into execution, would be little short of judicial murder.
281:
19:
116:
481:
486:
193:
27:
81:
of 1688; "He would willingly make this
Proceeding against the Knight but a sort of Judicial Murder".
51:
154:
420:
393:
366:
339:
256:
205:
174:
8:
182:
16:
Intentional and premeditated killing of an innocent person by means of capital punishment
178:
101:
93:
46:
42:
426:
399:
372:
345:
262:
137:
132:
450:
170:
65:
476:
457:
108:
23:
141:
when establishing the right to a court-appointed attorney in all capital cases:
41:
is the intentional and premeditated killing of an innocent person by means of
470:
210:
120:
166:
97:
31:
169:
that result in a death penalty, and has been applied to the deaths of
64:
An early case in which charges of judicial murder were raised was the
446:
189:
72:
85:
258:
A Dictionary of Modern
English Usage: The Classic First Edition
371:. Charles University in Prague, Karolinum Press. p. 112.
153:(1956) defends the extension of the term to un-premeditated
341:
92:("judicial murderers"). Voltaire was an avowed opponent of
326:
Unschuldig verurteilt! Aus der
Chronik der Justizmorde
77:
Another early use of the term occurs in
Northleigh's
73:Uses of the term in legal discourse and literature
468:
231:"German Resistance Memorial Center - Biographie"
157:where an innocent suffers the death penalty.
30:. He was a victim of judicial murder after a
100:, who was executed (allegedly innocent) and
337:
123:. In a footnote, he explains the term as
368:Trial by Theatre: Reports on Czech Drama
344:. Oxford University Press. p. 198.
18:
422:Postwar: A History of Europe Since 1945
177:, the eleven people executed after the
469:
254:
196:was an instrument of judicial murder.
391:
418:
364:
13:
131:In 1932, the term is also used by
14:
498:
395:Maurice Dobb: Political Economist
255:Fowler, H. W. (14 October 2010).
119:in reference to the execution of
439:
412:
45:; therefore, it is a subset of
392:Shenk, T. (17 December 2013).
385:
365:Day, Barbara (November 2019).
358:
331:
328:. Herbig-Verlag, Munich (1956)
318:
302:
289:
286:at OED; retrieved 18 July 2018
275:
248:
223:
160:
1:
338:Wasserstein, Bernard (2009).
299:vi. p37 (1688); quoted in OED
216:
165:The term is often applied to
88:used the comparable term of
7:
261:. OUP Oxford. p. 310.
199:
10:
503:
117:August Ludwig von Schlözer
59:
398:. Springer. p. 194.
52:Oxford English Dictionary
425:. Penguin. p. 186.
188:In 1985 the West German
192:declared that the Nazi
155:miscarriages of justice
148:
129:
104:, who was acquitted.
35:
460:, accessed 3 May 2016
143:
125:
107:The term was used in
22:
206:Extrajudicial murder
90:assassins juridiques
482:Wrongful executions
456:3 June 2016 at the
419:Judt, Tony (2006).
183:Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
487:Capital punishment
311:(von Schlözer, p.
133:Justice Sutherland
102:Pierre-Paul Sirven
94:capital punishment
79:Natural Allegiance
47:wrongful execution
43:capital punishment
36:
432:978-0-14-303775-0
405:978-1-137-29702-0
378:978-80-246-3953-6
351:978-0-19-873073-6
268:978-0-19-161511-5
235:www.gdw-berlin.de
138:Powell v. Alabama
494:
461:
443:
437:
436:
416:
410:
409:
389:
383:
382:
362:
356:
355:
335:
329:
324:Hermann Mostar.
322:
316:
306:
300:
293:
287:
279:
273:
272:
252:
246:
245:
243:
241:
227:
171:Nikolai Bukharin
66:Amboyna massacre
502:
501:
497:
496:
495:
493:
492:
491:
467:
466:
465:
464:
458:Wayback Machine
444:
440:
433:
417:
413:
406:
390:
386:
379:
363:
359:
352:
336:
332:
323:
319:
307:
303:
294:
290:
283:Judicial murder
280:
276:
269:
253:
249:
239:
237:
229:
228:
224:
219:
202:
175:Milada Horáková
163:
75:
62:
39:Judicial murder
24:Adolf Reichwein
17:
12:
11:
5:
500:
490:
489:
484:
479:
463:
462:
438:
431:
411:
404:
384:
377:
357:
350:
330:
317:
301:
295:J Northleigh,
288:
274:
267:
247:
221:
220:
218:
215:
214:
213:
208:
201:
198:
194:People's Court
162:
159:
151:Hermann Mostar
115:) in 1782 by
74:
71:
61:
58:
28:People's Court
26:before a Nazi
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
499:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
474:
472:
459:
455:
452:
448:
442:
434:
428:
424:
423:
415:
407:
401:
397:
396:
388:
380:
374:
370:
369:
361:
353:
347:
343:
342:
334:
327:
321:
314:
310:
305:
298:
292:
285:
284:
278:
270:
264:
260:
259:
251:
236:
232:
226:
222:
212:
211:Hanging judge
209:
207:
204:
203:
197:
195:
191:
186:
184:
180:
179:Slánský trial
176:
172:
168:
158:
156:
152:
147:
142:
140:
139:
134:
128:
124:
122:
118:
114:
110:
105:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
82:
80:
70:
67:
57:
54:
53:
48:
44:
40:
33:
29:
25:
21:
441:
421:
414:
394:
387:
367:
360:
340:
333:
325:
320:
308:
304:
296:
291:
282:
277:
257:
250:
238:. Retrieved
234:
225:
187:
164:
149:
144:
136:
130:
126:
112:
106:
89:
83:
78:
76:
63:
50:
38:
37:
167:show trials
161:Show trials
471:Categories
217:References
121:Anna Göldi
113:Justizmord
98:Jean Calas
32:show trial
447:Bundestag
240:30 August
190:Bundestag
454:Archived
200:See also
86:Voltaire
84:In 1777
445:German
60:Example
477:Murder
429:
402:
375:
348:
265:
109:German
49:. The
427:ISBN
400:ISBN
373:ISBN
346:ISBN
263:ISBN
242:2020
181:and
451:PDF
313:273
135:in
473::
233:.
185:.
173:,
435:.
408:.
381:.
354:.
315:)
271:.
244:.
111:(
34:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
