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1978. It is interesting to note that although the novel has been out of prints for many years and lacking a thorough analysis from academicians, the context of the story in the novel offers valued definition on the zeitgeist of the 1950s and 1960s as well as the thinking of one of the women who revolved around the Beat
Movement. As Johnson's writings are set in the context of American counterculture, where culture with values and norms of behaviour contrast from those of conventional society, they follow the pattern where the female protagonist is set to face with an amount number of difficulties in order to acquire the liberty of freeing herself from the life that traditionally is laid out for women.
635:, her works are very significant in portraying the life of women during the era where most of the time, women's voices were backgrounded in the stories written by the Beat male authors like Ginsberg, Burroughs, and Kerouac. Therefore, Johnson decides to offer the readers an insight into the identity of women in the movement despite typically being excluded. Johnson perceives herself merely as the observer of the movement she engaged in as a way to empower herself where she can make commentaries about it but at the same time not becoming too attached to it. She mentioned in one of her memoirs:
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only acted as reconfiguration of the dominant Beat discourse, they also arbitrated in the reactionary Beat culture in addition to the formation of culture of female inferiority and marginality. In other words, her writings could be viewed as counter responses of women towards the dominance of male writers within the Beat
Movement. She successfully showcased the misperceptions and conflicts surrounding the white, middle-class female protagonist in a rigid patriarchal society.
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767:, there was an expectation that she would once again write something focusing on her two years relationship with Kerouac. Nonetheless, she has actually chosen to produce a fifty years biography of him from a different angle in comparison to other biographers. With their short time of intimate relationship, Johnson used all her knowledge about Kerouac to shape her point of view when she was writing
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expensive training of writing musical comedies, she was trained to write and compose her own music and scripts. While
Johnson carried on writing musical comedies for her mother, she also wrote stories that she would not dare bring home or let her mother read. One story was published in the Barnard Literary magazine about Johnson's strained relationship with her family.
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and sexually active. Despite it challenges the orthodox femininity ideas of that time, Johnson affirms that she wrote based on real situations that the women she knew were living life, far from conforming to their gender expectations. In an interview with Nancy Grace in May 1999, Johnson admitted that Andre Gide's
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Moreover, Kerouac was a womanizer where he always changed his partner and also possessed a bad habit of drinking. One of the major reasons that caused their relationship to end was his mother, Gabrielle L'Evesque
Kerouac. She was very suspicious of all of his friends and totally isolated him from any
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For example, I could have put in everything that happened to me during the years that I was writing about, but there was a lot of stuff I simply left out because I wanted to have a focus. For example, the fact that when I was a child I was in the theater. Well, that was very interesting, but it would
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in 1957. Further, it also reflected on herself turning back from middle-class life where her parents want her to be a composer. However, she wanted to become a poet and musician; thus, she began to escape and sneak out to
Washington Square Park to chase her dream. This memoir has brought attention to
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makes her feel satisfied to write something that comes directly from life which was totally different from writing fiction stories. Undoubtedly, real-life does have a lot of surprise and unpredictability in it. By writing the memoir, Johnson wanted to discover and make sense of the events that occur
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Joyce
Johnson who was 21 years old met Jack Kerouac, 13 years old older than her. Thus, began a relationship that lasted nearly two years. Their relationship started due to their shared passion for writing and did not last long as Johnson claimed that Kerouac was a mess when it came to relationships
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portrayed a similar theme which was cultural and gender discourses. These novels successfully displayed the adventure of the middle-class white women particularly in the 1950s and 1960s. The issue on feminism is heavily touched on all of her three novels particularly on Bad
Connections, published in
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Besides that, Joyce
Johnson used descriptive and narrative styles to write about her life stories which include characters, settings and conflicts. These writing styles can be regarded as the most effective way for her to describe the events in details based on her personal experience. She had to be
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Oh, I wrote that novel with so much uncertainty I could hardly believe I was actually writing one. I was so scared. And also, I was quite nervous. I was quite aware that I was writing about things that a nice, young lady should not write about. If you wrote about those things people would think you
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Based on this interview, it can be inferred that writing a memoir is not an easy task because the writer had to recall specific events to avoid any fabrication. It illustrates that Joyce
Johnson wants her readers to experience her life and comprehend the message through her writing. Therefore, this
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Among the reasons why it was a significant phase for
Johnson is through her above statement in which she acknowledges the fact that it was her relationship with Kerouac that led her to have her writing career success because he supported her to venture out in the literature. During her relationship
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Although Johnson is recognized for establishing strong literary connections, her works should be acknowledged as well for having an even grander impact. All of her literary works play a role in dispelling the silence that is commonly attributed to the female character in post-war literature. Being
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is a fiction written a year earlier before her encounter with Kerouac. The storyline wraps up in the hustle and chaos of the Beat movement in 1955, where it highlights the story of a rebellious young female college student who possesses the qualities most Beat men have- to be adventurous, carefree
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In 1955, Johnson was convinced that her relationship with Cook would lead them to marriage once she got out from her parents’ house. However, she ended up living in a maid's room in an apartment near Columbia and worked a secretarial job where she was paid fifty dollars a week to get by on her own
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is a mixture of many different subjects such as the Beats Generation and those women who hope to escape from society's biases. Although Kerouac was the major character in the story as in his contribution to the young American generation, the memoir is indeed about the sadness of a so-called minor
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Despite having most of non-fiction works that narrate her experiences as one of the scarce women within the Beat Generation and her relationship with Kerouac, her fictions seem to be more of a proto-feminist reaction to the patriarchal belief and sexist construction of women. Her protagonists not
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By taking that into consideration, her portrayal of women in her writings opens a new way of looking at how a woman, infused with the ideas of this movement, represents a female protagonist in large part on the margin of the rapidly developing American society. It is also interesting to note that
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Her semi-fictional novels also shared a similar similarity where they feature a female bohemian as the main character who is searching what is meant to be free even after gaining one. They also highlighted the controversial situation faced by women in that era living within heavy influence of the
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that when she was born, her mother wanted her to be a prodigy. One of her mother's dreams, when she was young, was to be a concert singer and she pushed Johnson to follow a musical path. Growing up into her teen years, her mother prepared for Johnson's breakthrough by enrolling her into multiple
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Johnson's point of view on life was without doubt influenced by Kerouac and the Beats in relation to their shared attitudes towards women. By this, it shows how Johnson decides to foreground a woman and ultimately parted away from the uniform and shallow depiction of women by male Beat writers.
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With regards to the style of writing, Joyce Johnson had her own way to express her thoughts in writing. It can be seen that she is meticulous in her work because she wants to give the best reading experience to the readers. Joyce Johnson's main concern in the process of writing is the structure
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with Kerouac, she realised that men simply saw women as material for their writing, and as sexual objects, not as individuals. Johnson believes this realization of the Beat women paved the way for women's liberation of that time, sparking the urge for them to be more than just minor characters.
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After all, it is a memoir of herself that started with her story growing up in the Upper West Side. Johnson stated that she just suddenly thought that she wanted to write about those who had not survived. Yet, her work still became the sidelines of the beat movement as well as the other female
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Johnson was brought up in an unconventional manner which differed from other girls her age in the 1940s and 1950s. One example is her mother who at 19 was continually moving from one place to another in her family's efforts to help her gain better marital prospects. As she said in the County
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It is undoubtedly true that her relationship with the great novelist, Jack Kerouac can be regarded as the major contribution that shapes her identity as a female writer. This is owing to the reason that Jack is the main supporter in her career as a writer. Moreover, her writing style is also
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at 16. She found that most of the students attending Barnard College were middle-class women sent there by their family to find a good husband. Some of these women rebelled against that being their sole reason to attend school and moved from social expectations to build their own identity as
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In a way it has been a curse. Because people cannot see me as a writer apart from my relationship to that material. It has been immensely frustrating. What has been frustrating to me is that the people who know my work seem to remember it only in the context of my writing about
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College of Morris's Legacy Project Forum on Women of the Beat Generation being exposed to many various situations growing up, she believes that that is why she learned not to be dependent on anyone. Like her mother, she went to an all-girls high school and women's college.
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one of the few women that managed to find her way to the top of the Beat Movement, Johnson uses this opportunity as a medium in sharing her experiences living as a woman who drifted away from reaching the path of conventionality in her literary works.
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rather than the theme in her literary works. This means that she needs a proper plan to organise the ideas in her works. Thus, her style of writing varies from the other Beat writers who are commonly associated with the notion of spontaneous writing.
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In the first month of 1957, Johnson met Jack Kerouac on a blind date arranged by Allen Ginsberg. Kerouac encouraged Johnson to write her first book in 1962. However, their love affair lasted only two years and led her in writing a memoir entitled
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in society and their limitation of experience because of their gender as a woman. The woman was perceived as misfits, rebels and sinful creatures who could not be controlled. Thus, these issues have driven Johnson to produce her debut novel
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The role of an observer has its advantages. You may play as much a part in the group as you wish, but when you are drawn in a little too tightly, you can always say 'Well after all, I'm just an observer,' and step back into safety
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which was published in 1983. The memoir reflects on her life between 1957 and 1958, especially about her relationship with Kerouac. It also highlighted Kerouac who rose from obscurity to fame following the publication of his novel
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After her break up with Jack Kerouac, she was married briefly to abstract painter James Johnson, who was killed in a motorcycle accident. From her second marriage to painter Peter Pinchbeck, which ended in divorce, came her son,
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brings some issues when people started to claim her milking Kerouac's popularity for her own sake. Johnson's role as a former girlfriend of a popular author has overshadowed her own works although she was an accomplished writer
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relationship because she wanted him to stay faithful to her without any competition from other women. Kerouac and his mother were too involved with each other as there were no secrets between them regarding their private life.
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That is, the novel instantiates rules, customs, and convictions of the Beat generation for women, but critiques them by reversing the status of the sexes, even while preserving the binary, hierarchic structure of the gender
601:(1987). Both novels capture the bohemian culture in the 1960s with more highlights on the emotions of the female characters in facing struggles as Beat women. According to Johnson in the same interview, she considered
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that were published in 1983, 2000, 2004 and 2012 respectively. It can be seen that her life experiences as a female writer and the relationship with Jack Kerouac have been written in these memoirs.
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when she was 21 and was published five years later in 1962 just as she was starting her career as a book editor. Her relationship with Jack Kerouac was a rather significant phase in her life.
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Johnson recalled living a double life until she was eighteen, during that time she was in a relationship with a Barnard instructor named Donald Cook who was ten years her senior and was also
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though it wasn't enough. Her relationship with Cook did not turn for the better as he distanced himself from her and eventually left her to be with another Barnard student.
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I would make it my business to write about young women quite different from the ones portrayed on the pages of the New Yorker. I would write about furnished rooms and sex.
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Johnson's reputation as a writer is often overshadowed by the mystique surrounding Kerouac. The Kerouac biographer Ellis Amburn falsely alleges that Johnson and
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in 1983 which then boosts her career as a writer. In one of her interviews, Johnson said that she never imagined herself writing non-fiction things. However,
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These three novels form a trilogy spanning Johnson's life in hipster and hippie New York and critique Beat as well as sixties countercultures and discourses.
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In general, the memoirs by Joyce Johnson comprise insights regarding her personal experience, memories, and identity. She had written four memoirs which are
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in 2008. It took four years for her to publish the memoir, which she explained was delayed due to issues accessing the Kerouac archive which was acquired by
1106:"Social Origins of Depression: A Study of Psychiatric Disorders in Women. By George W. Brown and Tirril Harris. New York: Free Press, 1978. 389 pp. $ 19.95"
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Beat Generation. Besides, her three earliest novels have strong links with Johnson's own years of experiences after her first contact with the Beats.
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had experienced them yourself — that my parents would read it and be shocked. And various people did read it and were shocked. Reviewers were shocked!
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Hello. I'm Jack. Allen tells me you're very nice. Would you like to come down to Howard Johnson's on Eighth Street? I'll be sitting at the counter.
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Joyce was concerned with women's movement during the time and was glad that her works received recognition as a woman author of Beat Generation.
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508:, in 2004. After four years publishing her work, she signed a contract with her publisher Viking/Penguin for a Jack Kerouac biography entitled
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1145:"Female Conditions: Social Distancing and Beatnik Culture in Joyce Johnson's Come and Join the Dance, Bad Connections and In the Night Café"
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is an American author of fiction and nonfiction. She was born Joyce Glassman in 1935 to a Jewish family in New York City and raised in the
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kind of exposure helps to fashion their understanding regarding her life as a female writer and Beat Movement in the twentieth century.
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won the first prize in the O. Henry Award. Also, she received an award or grant from The National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) in 1992.
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has been a great influence for her to write that kind of story. She deemed to be constantly worried about writing it at the beginning.
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movement became a widespread cultural phenomenon and has been recognised as the first Beat novel written by a woman. Other than
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Dissertation in Literature-Department of Literature at Uppsala University-Department of Literature at Uppsala University Page
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In 1990, exactly 28 years after the publication of her first novel, she published an analytical journalism work entitled
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selective in choosing particular events to be included in her literary work. This can be seen in the interview with
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with women. During those days, Johnson was still struggling with her first novel which is Come and Join the Dance.
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This article is about the American author of fiction. For the Professor Emerita of music at Spelman College, see
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writers. Joyce Johnson's role in Beat history is too often viewed simply as that of Jack Kerouac's girlfriend.
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It all started with a blind date set up by a poet author of Howl, Allen Ginsberg who was also a Beat alumni.
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Apart from memoirs and autobiographies, Joyce Johnson also wrote fiction novels. Her writing debut in 1962,
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independent women. This led to Johnson's advocacy for women as individuals rather than just wife-material.
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won the National Book Critics Circle Award in 1983. Then in 1987, her penultimate chapter from her novel
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the contents, personal life, career experiences of women associated with the Beat Generation writers.
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in 1987. These novels have a similar theme where they highlighted the life of women in 1950 and 60s.
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as her best book and stated how reading Henry James's novels has influenced her to write fiction.
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influenced by love letters when she was Jack Kerouac's girlfriend that can be found in her book,
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Women of the Beat generation : the writers, artists, and muses at the heart of a revolution
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1674:"The Voice Is All: The Lonely Victory of Jack Kerouac | Washington Independent Review of Books"
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have taken me away from what I was really writing about, so I didn't put that material in
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lived from 1944 to 1946. She was a child actress and appeared in the Broadway production of
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1203:"Research Guides: ENGL 4355/5355- BEATitude: Literature of the Beat Generation: BEAT Women"
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Nevertheless, Johnson captures this period of her relationship in her memoir
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The daybreak boys : essays on the literature of the beat generation
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Sixteen years later, Johnson produced her second fiction novel in 1978,
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1626:"Taking the Measure of Jack Kerouac: A Conversation with Joyce Johnson"
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from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially
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From the period, her best-known work is her memoir entitled
1657:"The Voice Is All: Joyce Johnson Talks about Her Latest..."
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1169:"Illuminating the Beats From Their Shadow (Published 2017)"
1373:"Gender Performance in the Literature of the Female Beats"
1237:"Joyce Johnson & Hettie Jones | Artful Dodge Magazine"
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What Lisa Knew: The Truths and Lies of the Steinberg Case
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What Lisa Knew: The Truths and Lies of the Steinberg Case
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Door Wide Open: A Beat Love Affair in Letters, 1957–1958
1354:"Joyce Johnson's Novels Available from Open Road Media"
1591:"Joyce Johnson: My turbulent affair with Jack Kerouac"
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The Voice Is All: The Lonely Victory of Jack Kerouac
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The Voice is All: The Lonely Victory of Jack Kerouac
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The Voice is All: The Lonely Victory of Jack Kerouac
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The Voice is All: The Lonely Victory of Jack Kerouac
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Most of Johnson's novels highlighted an issue about
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2115:Readings by Jack Kerouac on the Beat Generation
1624:interviews, Ian Scheffler (December 21, 2012).
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1733:"In Retrospect: A Q&A with Joyce Johnson"
1460:. Knight, Brenda, 1958-. Berkeley, CA. 1996.
1262:. New York: Newspaper Enterprise Assn. 1984.
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621:Door Wide Open: A Beat Love Affair in Letters
535:Door Wide Open: A Beat Love Affair in Letters
502:Door Wide Open: A Beat Love Affair in Letters
1093:. New York: Penguin Books. pp. xv–xvii.
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1827:And the Hippos Were Boiled in Their Tanks
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1259:The world almanac and book of facts, 1985
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1003:"About The Author | Joyce Johnson Books"
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1423:(5): 40–2641. January 1, 2003.
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1737:National Book Critics Circle
1510:Stephenson, Gregory (1990).
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2475:New York University faculty
2465:Columbia University faculty
2129:Kerouac: Kicks Joy Darkness
2122:The Jack Kerouac Collection
1630:Los Angeles Review of Books
1296:The New York Public Library
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648:Issues in Johnson's Writing
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178:1935 (age 88–89)
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1087:Johnson, Joyce (2000).
1026:Johnson, Joyce (1999).
966:. Penguin Group. 2012.
794:Come and Join the Dance
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420:. She was an editor at
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2455:Barnard College alumni
2305:Jan Kerouac (daughter)
1743:on September 28, 2011.
1559:10.5860/choice.42-1408
1429:10.5860/choice.40-2641
1390:10.7771/1481-4374.1710
750:
735:during her past days.
716:
695:
686:
664:
642:
591:
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311:
260:Washington Square Park
166:Brooklyn Book Festival
55:Please help by adding
2394:Kerouac, Then and Now
1839:The Town and the City
1819:The Sea Is My Brother
1547:Choice Reviews Online
1492:) CS1 maint: others (
1417:Choice Reviews Online
1207:libguides.uttyler.edu
937:Missing Men: A Memoir
745:
712:
691:
681:
666:Three of her novels,
660:
637:
586:
559:
539:Missing Men: A Memoir
495:″The Children's Wing″
472:University of Vermont
307:
2330:William S. Burroughs
2195:Love Always, Carolyn
1832:William S. Burroughs
1598:. February 5, 2006.
890:. Kensington. 1991.
780:Subterranean Kerouac
301:, which was sold to
164:Johnson at the 2007
61:Contentious material
2383:Jack Kerouac School
1122:10.1093/sf/58.1.386
807:(as Joyce Glassman)
480:Columbia University
476:New York University
214:Morningside Heights
2388:Jack Kerouac Alley
2219:Kill Your Darlings
2018:Old Angel Midnight
1759:on August 6, 2007.
1173:The New York Times
1059:. April 22, 2014.
582:The Counterfeiters
322:, also an author.
222:Joan Vollmer Adams
2407:
2406:
2403:
2402:
2171:The Subterraneans
2072:Atop an Underwood
1994:Mexico City Blues
1935:Desolation Angels
1927:Visions of Gerard
1911:Lonesome Traveler
1855:The Subterraneans
1830:(1945/2008; with
1719:"Kerouac Unbound"
1523:978-1-4416-4596-8
1143:L, Smårs (2014).
973:978-0-670-02510-7
948:978-0-14-303523-7
941:. Penguin. 2005.
926:978-0-670-89040-8
897:978-0-8217-3387-5
870:978-0-00-654282-7
863:. Fontana. 1990.
860:In the Night Café
850:978-0-14-028357-0
843:. Penguin. 1999.
676:In the Night Café
603:In the Night Cafe
599:In the Night Cafe
491:In the Night Cafe
478:and primarily at
353:In the Night Cafe
226:William Burroughs
207:
206:
144:
143:
136:
118:
44:needs additional
16:American novelist
2517:
2246:Minor Characters
2152:
2151:
2107:Blues and Haikus
2034:Book of Sketches
1951:Vanity of Duluoz
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1360:. July 12, 2014.
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840:Minor Characters
834:
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816:. Putnam. 1978.
806:
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797:. Atheneum. 1962
769:The Voice Is All
753:Minor Characters
740:Minor Characters
732:Minor Characters
728:Minor Characters
531:Minor Characters
520:Style of Writing
487:Minor Characters
482:’s MFA program.
362:Minor Characters
320:Daniel Pinchbeck
216:neighborhood of
201:Minor Characters
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2053:Beat Generation
2040:
2010:Scattered Poems
1973:
1967:Orpheus Emerged
1943:Satori in Paris
1903:Visions of Cody
1863:The Dharma Bums
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514:Berg Collection
454:Harper's Bazaar
417:Washington Post
387:Harper's Bazaar
349:Bad Connections
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264:Barnard College
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239:I Remember Mama
183:, United States
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1804:Bibliography
1795:Jack Kerouac
1757:the original
1753:Artful Dodge
1752:
1741:the original
1722:
1709:The Guardian
1707:
1681:. Retrieved
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827:. Retrieved
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799:. Retrieved
793:
786:Bibliography
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776:Helen Weaver
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124:January 2011
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2241:(1978–1992)
2203:On The Road
2064:Other books
1847:On the Road
1724:Vanity Fair
1683:December 2,
1635:December 2,
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1358:Beatdom.com
1301:December 2,
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1008:December 2,
555:Nancy Grace
525:Non-fiction
506:Missing Men
493:, which is
438:Vanity Fair
430:McGraw-Hill
411:Vanity Fair
368:On the Road
295:Elise Cowen
280:Lucien Carr
244:Missing Men
2414:Categories
2179:Heart Beat
1871:Doctor Sax
982:References
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609:Influences
188:Occupation
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1895:Tristessa
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640:again
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