1965:
in New York City in 1987. By this time he had developed a comprehensive visual art practice, using ink, spray paint, collage and unusual things such as mushrooms and plungers to apply the paint. He created file-folder paintings featuring these mediums as well as "automatic calligraphy" inspired by Brion Gysin. He originally used the folders to mix pigments before observing that they could be viewed as art in themselves. He also used many of these painted folders to store manuscripts and correspondence in his personal archive Until his last years, he prolifically created visual art. Burroughs's work has since been featured in more than fifty international galleries and museums including Royal
Academy of the Arts, Centre Pompidou, Guggenheim Museum, ZKM Karlsruhe, Sammlung Falckenberg, New Museum, Irish Museum of Modern Art, Los Angeles County Museum, and Whitney Museum of American Art.
2231:
3057:"William continued going to the bar for a few more days, enduring their abuse, while he tape recorded the sounds inside. Later, he would stand outside and film or photograph the premises from outside. Then he went back in and began to play the tape recordings at low or subliminal levels, and continued to take photographs on his way in and out of the place ... The effects were remarkable: accidents occurred, fights broke out, the place lost customers, the subsequent loss of income became irredeemable, and within a few weeks, the bar was permanently closed." β Cabell McLean
575:
1323:. He left behind a criminal charge which eventually caught up with him in Paris. Paul Lund, a British former career criminal and cigarette smuggler whom Burroughs met in Tangier, was arrested on suspicion of importing narcotics into France. Lund gave up Burroughs, and evidence implicated Burroughs in the importation of narcotics into France. When the Moroccan authorities forwarded their investigation to French officials, Burroughs faced criminal charges in Paris for conspiracy to import opiates. It was during this impending case that
243:
3169:"William ... was subsequently initiated into the IOT, by myself and another Frater and Soror. William did not receive an honorary degree, he was put through an evening of ritual that included a Retro Spell Casting Rite, and Invocation of Chaos, and a Santeria Rite, as well as the Neophyte Ritual inducting William into the IOT as a full member ... Though it is not included in the list of items buried with William, James Grauerholz assured me that William was buried with his IOT Initiate ring." β D. Grant (2003)
2845:, etc. According to Burroughs, he had known a certain Captain Clark, around 1960 in Tangier, who once bragged that he had been sailing 23 years without an accident. That very day, Clark's ship had an accident that killed him and everybody else aboard. Furthermore, while Burroughs was thinking about this crude example of the irony of the gods that evening, a bulletin on the radio announced the crash of an airliner in Florida, USA. The pilot was another Captain Clark and the flight was Flight 23.
1833:
1601:, who worked for Burroughs part-time as a secretary as well as in a bookstore. Grauerholz suggested the idea of reading tours. Grauerholz had managed several rock bands in Kansas and took the lead in booking for Burroughs reading tours that would help support him throughout the next two decades. It raised his public profile, eventually aiding in his obtaining new publishing contracts. Through Grauerholz, Burroughs became a monthly columnist for the noted popular culture magazine
40:
2227:(IOT). Burroughs's involvement with the movement further deepened, as he contributed artwork and other material to chaos magic books, addressed an IOT gathering in Austria, and was eventually fully initiated into the Illuminates of Thanateros. As Burroughs's close friend James Grauerholz states: "William was very serious about his studies in, and initiation into the IOT ... Our longtime friend, Douglas Grant, was a prime mover."
3013:"Burroughs often wrote about his belief in a 'magical universe.' ... Curses are real, possession is real. This struck him as a better model for human experience and psychology than the neurosis theories of Freud, in the end ... he did pursue a lifelong quest for spiritual techniques by which to master his unruly thoughts and feelings, to gain a feeling of safety from oppression and assault from without, and from within."
1747:. Billy underwent the procedure and beat the thirty-percent survival odds. His father spent time in 1976 and 1977 in Colorado, helping Billy through additional surgeries and complications. Ted Morgan's biography asserts that their relationship was not spontaneous and lacked real warmth or intimacy. Allen Ginsberg was supportive to both Burroughs and his son throughout the long period of recovery.
1844:, in 1981, taking up residence at 1927 Learnard Avenue where he would spend the rest of his life. He once told a Wichita Eagle reporter that he was content to live in Kansas, saying, "The thing I like about Kansas is that it's not nearly as violent, and it's a helluva lot cheaper. And I can get out in the country and fish and shoot and whatnot." In 1984, he signed a seven-book deal with
1377:, all fuelled by a wide variety of mind-altering drugs". Later, Burroughs would describe "visions" obtained by staring into the mirror for hours at a time β his hands transformed into tentacles, or his whole image transforming into some strange entity, or visions of far-off places, or of other people rapidly undergoing metamorphosis. It was from this febrile atmosphere that the famous
1555:. In talking about the experience, he claimed that the techniques and philosophy of Scientology helped him and that he felt that further study of Scientology would produce great results. He was skeptical of the organization itself, and felt that it fostered an environment that did not accept critical discussion. His subsequent critical writings about the church and his review of
2920:
2063:
curtailment of personal freedom. According to his biographer Ted Morgan, his philosophy for living one's life was to adhere to a laissez-faire path, one without encumbrances β in essence a credo shared with the capitalist business world. His abhorrence of the government did not prevent
Burroughs from using its programs to his own advantage. In 1949 he enrolled in
1773:
differed from the author's earlier cut-up methods, which were accidental from the start. Nevertheless, the novel was reassembled and published, still without a straight linear form, but with fewer breaks in the story. The trilogy featured time-travel adventures in which
Burroughs's narrators rewrote episodes from history to reform mankind. Reviews were mixed for
1460:, Burroughs writes that he thought he had a "small habit" and left London quickly without any narcotics because he suspected the U.S. customs would search him very thoroughly on arrival. He claims he went through the most excruciating two months of opiate withdrawal while seeing his son through his trial and sentencing, traveling with Billy to
3035:"What is happening is that I literally turn into someone else, not a human creature but man-like: He wears some sort of green uniform. The face is full of black boiling fuz and what most people would call evil β silly word. I have been seeing him for some time in the mirror." β William S. Burroughs, Letter to Allen Ginsberg, late July 1959
1547:
outside. Let them see me. They are seething around in there ... Playback would come later with more pictures ... Playback was carried out a number of times with more pictures. Their business fell off. They kept shorter and shorter hours. October 30, 1972, the Moka Bar closed. The location was taken over by the Queen's Snack Bar.
1437:. Dent's apomorphine cure was also used to treat alcoholism, although it was held by several people who undertook it to be no more than straightforward aversion therapy. Burroughs, however, was convinced. Following his first cure, he wrote a detailed appreciation of apomorphine and other cures, which he submitted to
2963:"When I was four years old I saw a vision in Forest Park, St. Louis ... I was lagging behind and I saw a little green reindeer about the size of a cat ... Later, when I studied anthropology at Harvard, I learned that this was a totem animal vision and knew that I could never kill a reindeer." β William S. Burroughs
3066:" ... Burroughs also made similarly sorcerous attempts that same year against the London HQ of Scientology at 37 Fitzroy Street. Although he considered it another success when they closed down, he seemed unable to bring any 'playback' influence to bear on their new location in Tottenham Court Road." β M.L. Stevens
2492:(republished in a different rewritten form in 1980, in the style Burroughs would adopt at that time). However, he also wrote dozens of published articles, short stories, scrap books and other works, several in collaboration with Brion Gysin. The major anthologies representing work from this period are
2577:
set up three criteria for criticism: 1. What is the writer trying to do? 2. How well does he succeed in doing it? ... 3. Does the work exhibit "high seriousness"? That is, does it touch on basic issues of good and evil, life and death and the human condition. I would also apply a fourth criterion ...
2186:
I would say that my most interesting experience with the earlier techniques was the realization that when you make cut-ups you do not get simply random juxtapositions of words, that they do mean something, and often that these meanings refer to some future event. I've made many cut-ups and then later
1062:
To
Burroughs, all signs directed a return to Tangier, a city where drugs were freely available and where financial support from his family would continue. He realized that in the Moroccan culture he had found an environment that synchronized with his temperament and afforded no hindrances to pursuing
817:
In New
Orleans, police stopped Burroughs's car one evening. They found an unregistered handgun belonging to him as well as a letter from Ginsberg that contained details about the sale of marijuana. The police then searched Burroughsβs home, where they discovered his stash of drugs and half a dozen or
679:
After returning to the United States, he held a string of uninteresting jobs. In 1939, his mental health became a concern for his parents, especially after he deliberately severed the last joint of his left little finger at the knuckle to impress a man with whom he was infatuated. This event made its
2985:
by an evil spirit ... William instinctively knew the only solution available to him ... If the Word was indeed the basic mechanism of control β the 'virus' by which The Ugly Spirit, or its agency
Control, exerted its malevolent influence β then surely a real understanding of the Word, what words are
2611:
Burroughs used photography extensively throughout his career, both as a recording medium in planning his writings, and as a significant dimension of his own artistic practice, in which photographs and other images feature as significant elements in cut-ups. With Ian
Sommerville, he experimented with
1282:
in the 1980s. The cut-up method, because of its random or mechanical basis for text generation, combined with the possibilities of mixing in text written by other writers, deemphasizes the traditional role of the writer as creator or originator of a string of words, while simultaneously exalting the
872:
Vollmer's daughter, Julie Adams, went to live with her grandmother, and
William S. Burroughs Jr. went to St. Louis to live with his grandparents. Burroughs reported every Monday morning to the jail in Mexico City while his prominent Mexican attorney worked to resolve the case. According to
864:
Soon after the incident, Burroughs changed his account, claiming that he had dropped his gun and it had accidentally fired. Burroughs spent 13 days in jail before his brother came to Mexico City and bribed
Mexican lawyers and officials to release Burroughs on bail while he awaited trial for the
704:
not an officer, he became dejected. His mother recognized her son's depression and got
Burroughs a civilian disability discharge β a release from duty based on the premise that he should have not been allowed to enlist due to previous mental instability. After being evaluated by a family friend, who
2311:
New enlarged or unexpurgated editions of numerous texts have been published in recent years as "Restored Text" or "Redux" editions all containing additional material and essays on the works or incorporating material edited out of previous versions. Beginning with Barry Miles and James Grauerholz's
1964:
During 1982, Burroughs developed a painting technique whereby he created abstract compositions by placing spray paint cans in front of blank surfaces, and then shooting at the paint cans with a shotgun. These splattered and shot panels and canvasses were first exhibited in the Tony Shafrazi Gallery
1817:
Burroughs, by 1979, was once again addicted to heroin. The cheap heroin that was easily purchased outside his door on the Lower East Side "made its way" into his veins, coupled with "gifts" from the overzealous if well-intentioned admirers who frequently visited the Bunker. Although Burroughs would
2181:
Burroughs was unwavering in his insistence that his writing itself had a magical purpose. This was particularly true when it came to his use of the cut-up technique. Burroughs was adamant that the technique had a magical function, stating "the cut ups are not for artistic purposes". Burroughs used
1143:
in Paris in October 1959. He began slicing up phrases and words to create new sentences. At the Beat Hotel, Burroughs discovered "a port of entry" into Gysin's canvases: "I don't think I had ever seen painting until I saw the painting of Brion Gysin." The two would cultivate a long-term friendship
4391:
2177:
was his viewpoint as a lapsed Catholic, the single most important thing about Burroughs was his belief in the magical universe. The same impulse that led him to put out curses was, as he saw it, the source of his writing ... To Burroughs behind everyday reality there was the reality of the spirit
877:, two witnesses had agreed to testify that the gun had fired accidentally while he was checking to see if it was loaded, with ballistics experts bribed to support this story. Nevertheless, the trial was continuously delayed and Burroughs began to write what would eventually become the short novel
1546:
Here is a sample operation carried out against the Moka Bar at 29 Frith Street, London, W1, beginning on August 3, 1972. Reverse Thursday. Reason for operation was outrageous and unprovoked discourtesy and poisonous cheesecake. Now to close in on the Moka Bar. Record. Take pictures. Stand around
957:
I am forced to the appalling conclusion that I would never have become a writer but for Joan's death, and to a realization of the extent to which this event has motivated and formulated my writing. I live with the constant threat of possession, and a constant need to escape from possession, from
2139:
In the magical universe there are no coincidences and there are no accidents. Nothing happens unless someone wills it to happen. The dogma of science is that the will cannot possibly affect external forces, and I think that's just ridiculous. It's as bad as the church. My viewpoint is the exact
1772:
when it was first rejected by Burroughs's long-time editor Dick Seaver at Holt Rinehart, after it was deemed too disjointed. The novel was written as a straight narrative and then chopped up into a more random pattern, leaving the reader to sort through the characters and events. This technique
962:
As Burroughs makes clear, he meant this reference to "possession" to be taken absolutely literally, stating: "My concept of possession is closer to the medieval model than to modern psychological explanations ... I mean a definite possessing entity." Burroughs' writing was intended as a form of
794:, to sign a surety bond for Burroughs's release. As part of his release, Burroughs returned to St. Louis under his parents' care, after which he left for Mexico to get a divorce from Ilse Klapper. Meanwhile, Vollmer's addiction led to a temporary psychosis that resulted in her admission to
2148:
Since the word "magic" tends to cause confused thinking, I would like to say exactly what I mean by "magic" and the magical interpretation of so-called reality. The underlying assumption of magic is the assertion of "will" as the primary moving force in this universe β the deep conviction that
2062:
newspaper chain. Burroughs believed in frontier individualism, which he championed as "our glorious frontier heritage on minding your own business." Burroughs came to equate liberalism with bureaucratic tyranny, viewing government authority as a collective of meddlesome forces legislating the
2776:
Usually, the most radical work tends to come from the upper classes, because they're trying so hard to shop so hard to get away from their roots. So he's a fascinating character uniquely American in that regard. I don't think that work could have existed had he not been breaking away from an
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policies that made it extremely cheap; it was only about four hundred dollars a month until 1981 when the rent control rules changed, doubling the rent overnight. Burroughs added "teacher" to the list of jobs he did not like, as he lasted only a semester as a professor; he found the students
1388:
was published was partly a function of its "cut-up" presentation to the printer. Girodias had given Burroughs only ten days to prepare the manuscript for print galleys, and Burroughs sent over the manuscript in pieces, preparing the parts in no particular order. When it was published in this
1238:
declared the work "not obscene" on the basis of criteria developed largely to defend the book. The case against Burroughs's novel still stands as the last obscenity trial against a work of literature β that is, a work consisting of words only, and not including illustrations or photographs β
635:
His parents, upon his graduation, had decided to give him a monthly allowance of $ 200 out of their earnings from Cobblestone Gardens, a substantial sum in those days. It was enough to keep him going, and indeed it guaranteed his survival for the next twenty-five years, arriving with welcome
3141:
I would say that that was accurate ... Of course the beginning of writing, and perhaps of all art, was related to the magical. Cave painting, which is the beginning of writing ... The purpose of those paintings was magical, that is to produce the effect that is depicted." β William S.
288:
author who influenced popular culture and literature. Burroughs wrote eighteen novels and novellas, six collections of short stories and four collections of essays, and five books have been published of his interviews and correspondences; he was initially briefly known by the pen name
2986:
and what can be done with them β was essential. All these explorations and obsessions were not merely diversions, experiments for artistic or literary amusement ... but part of a deadly struggle with unseen, invisible β perhaps evil β psycho-spiritual enemies." β Stevens, Matthew Levi
790:, and also perhaps Kerouac, Burroughs became intellectually and emotionally linked with Vollmer and by summer 1945, had moved in with Vollmer and her daughter. In spring 1946, Burroughs was arrested for forging a narcotics prescription. Vollmer asked her psychiatrist,
562:
documenting an erotic attachment to another boy. According to his own account, he destroyed these later, ashamed of their content. He kept his sexual orientation concealed from his family well into adulthood. A common story says that he was expelled from Los Alamos after taking
1980:. Huge, old-fashioned ones from the '50s or something. Now, I have no idea how an 80 year old guy finds a vein, but he knew what he was doing. So we're all laying around high and stuff and then I notice in the pile of mail on the coffee table that there's a letter from the
1729:
when Billy began to vomit blood. Burroughs Sr. had not seen his son for over a year and was alarmed at his appearance when Billy arrived at Ginsberg's apartment. Although Billy had successfully published two short novels in the 1970s and was deemed by literary critics like
2594:
Burroughs clearly indicates here that he prefers to be evaluated against such criteria over being reviewed based on the reviewer's personal reactions to a certain book. Always a contradictory figure, Burroughs nevertheless criticized Anatole Broyard for reading
2182:
his cut-ups for "political warfare, scientific research, personal therapy, magical divination, and conjuration" β the essential idea being that the cut-ups allowed the user to "break down the barriers that surround consciousness". As Burroughs himself stated:
2149:
nothing happens unless somebody or some being wills it to happen. To me this has always seemed self evident ... From the viewpoint of magic, no death, no illness, no misfortune, accident, war or riot is accidental. There are no accidents in the world of magic.
1274:, the technique was combined with images, Gysin's paintings, and sound, via Somerville's tape recorders. Burroughs was so dedicated to the cut-up method that he often defended his use of the technique before editors and publishers, most notably Dick Seaver at
2981:"When Gysin, apparently in trance, told Burroughs 'The Ugly Spirit shot Joan because' he thought he finally had the answer ... the unforgiveable slip that had caused the death of his common-law wife, Joan Vollmer ... had come about because he was literally
967:, and thus protect himself from possession. Later in life, Burroughs described the Ugly Spirit as "Monopolistic, acquisitive evil. Ugly evil. The ugly American", and took part in a shamanic ceremony with the explicit aim of exorcising the Ugly Spirit.
3022:"Once I looked in a mirror and saw my hands completely inhuman, thick, black-pink, fibrous, long white tendrils growing from the curiously abbreviated finger-tips as if the finger have been cut off to make way for tendrils." β William S. Burroughs,
1734:
as a bona fide "second generation beat writer", his brief marriage to a teenage waitress had disintegrated. Billy was a constant drinker, and there were long periods when he was out of contact with any of his family or friends. The diagnosis was
1670:, Giorno, and Grauerholz, the Nova Convention was a multimedia retrospective of Burroughs's work held from November 30 to December 2, 1978, at various locations throughout New York. The event included readings from Southern, Ginsberg, Smith, and
1518:
and lived with a young hustler named John Brady who continuously brought home young women despite Burroughs's protestations. In the midst of this personal turmoil, Burroughs managed to complete two works: a novel written in screenplay format,
1513:
Burroughs supported himself and his addiction by publishing pieces in small literary presses. His avant-garde reputation grew internationally as hippies and college students discovered his earlier works. He developed a close friendship with
2947:
So much of your work deals with the juncture between science and mystery, it seems. I mean there've been references to Orgone boxes, and Scientology, and Castaneda, it just goes on and on ... how did you get interested in this sort of
977:
of Burroughs's traumatic relationship with the boyfriend fictionalized in the story as Eugene Allerton, rather than Burroughs's shooting of Vollmer. In any case, he had begun to write in 1945. Burroughs and Kerouac collaborated on
2953:
Always was. I always was involved in that area from my early childhood. I was always interested in the occult and the mysterious ... just a life-long preoccupation." β William S. Burroughs, interviewed by Tom Vitale, November 26,
1596:
for $ 15,000 a semester. "The teaching gig was a lesson in never again. You were giving out all this energy and nothing was coming back." His savior was the newly arrived twenty-one-year-old bookseller and Beat Generation devotee
1988:
inviting Burroughs to the White House for a poetry reading. I said 'Wow, do you have any idea how big this is!?' So he says 'What? Who's president nowadays?' and it floored me. He didn't even know who our current president was."
612:, brothel that summer with a female prostitute whom he regularly patronized. While at Harvard, Burroughs made trips to New York City and was introduced to the gay subculture there. He visited lesbian dives, piano bars, and the
2972:"I was subject to hallucinations as a child. Once I woke up in the early morning light and saw little men playing in a block house I had made. I felt no fear, only a feeling of stillness and wonder." β William S. Burroughs
2187:
recognized that the cut-up referred to something that I read later in a newspaper or a book, or something that happened ... Perhaps events are pre-written and pre-recorded and when you cut word lines the future leaks out.
2624:
whose quote on Burroughs, "The only American novelist living today who may conceivably be possessed by genius", appears on many Burroughs publications. Others consider his concepts and attitude more influential than his
293:. He also collaborated on projects and recordings with numerous performers and musicians, made many appearances in films, and created and exhibited thousands of visual artworks, including his celebrated "shotgun art".
798:, which endangered the custody of her child. Upon hearing this, Burroughs immediately returned to New York City to gain her release, asking her to marry him. Their marriage was never formalized, but she lived as his
383:. He later told investigators that he had been showing his pistol to friends when it fell and hit the table, firing the bullet that killed Vollmer. After Burroughs fled back to the United States, he was convicted of
2169:
on those who had crossed him. Burroughs spoke openly about his magical practices, and his engagement with the occult is attested from a multitude of interviews, as well as personal accounts from those who knew him.
908:, Ginsberg claimed that Vollmer had seemed possibly suicidal in the weeks leading up to her death, and he suggested that this may have been a factor in her willingness to take part in the risky William Tell stunt.
4425:
2140:
contrary of the scientific viewpoint. I believe that if you run into somebody in the street it's for a reason. Among primitive people they say that if someone was bitten by a snake he was murdered. I believe that.
1869:
By this point, Burroughs was a counterculture icon. In his final years, he cultivated an entourage of young friends who replaced his aging contemporaries. In the 1980s he collaborated with performers ranging from
2473:
This period saw Burroughs continue experimental writing with increased political content and branching into multimedia such as film and sound recording. Perhaps the defining and most important of which works is
709:
outside St. Louis before being discharged. During that time he met a Chicago soldier also awaiting release, and once Burroughs was free, he moved to Chicago and held a variety of jobs, including one as an
668:; he picked up young men in steam baths in Vienna and moved in a circle of exiles, homosexuals, and runaways. There, he met Ilse Klapper, born Herzfeld (1900β1982), a German Jewish woman fleeing her country's
1651:
that Burroughs himself would appear in the film. Financed by a reclusive acquaintance of Burroughs, the project lost traction after financial problems and creative disagreements between Hopper and Burroughs.
1270:(1964). These novels feature extensive use of the cut-up technique that influenced all of Burroughs's subsequent fiction to a degree. During Burroughs's friendship and artistic collaborations with Gysin and
676:, against the wishes of his parents, to allow her to gain a visa to the United States. She made her way to New York City, and eventually divorced Burroughs, although they remained friends for many years.
499:
Burroughs was born in 1914, the younger of two sons born to Mortimer Perry Burroughs (June 16, 1885 β January 5, 1965) and Laura Hammon Lee (August 5, 1888 β October 20, 1970). His family was of prominent
3136:, I feel the ultimate end of your fiction is a kind of alchemy β magic based on precise and incantatory arrangement of language to create particular effects, such as the violation of Western conditioning.
5917:
Bernhard Valentinitsch, Hoch hinauf strebend und doch geerdet - ΓΌber den Schriftsteller Harald Sommer, den steirischen William S. Burroughs. In: Denken und Glauben.Nr.199.Graz 2021.Nr.199, p. 22-24.
3044:"The Para-normal occurrences thick and fast ... I saw Stern lose about seven pounds in ten minutes ... On another occasion he felt my touch on his arm across six feet of space." β William S. Burroughs,
535:β topics which would find their way into his work repeatedly across the years. Burroughs later described how he saw an apparition of a green reindeer in the woods as a child, which he identified as a
1169:, who had published English-language novels in France that were controversial for their subjective views of sex and antisocial characters. Nevertheless, Ginsberg managed to get excerpts published in
2573:
Critics constantly complain that writers are lacking in standards, yet they themselves seem to have no standards other than personal prejudice for literary criticism. ... such standards do exist.
3004:"The word of course is one of the most powerful instruments of control ... Now if you start cutting these up and rearranging them you are breaking down the control system." β William S. Burroughs
1464:
from Miami to ensure that his son entered the hospital that he had once spent time in as a volunteer admission. Earlier, Burroughs revisited St. Louis, Missouri, taking a large advance from
2892:
1502:
magazine. Southern and Burroughs, who had first become acquainted in London, would remain lifelong friends and collaborators. In 1972, Burroughs and Southern unsuccessfully attempted to adapt
853:
One night, while drinking with friends at a party above the Bounty Bar in Mexico City, a drunk Burroughs allegedly took his handgun from his travel bag and told his wife, "It's time for our
1824:, James Grauerholz (who managed Burroughs's reading tours in the 1980s and 1990s) mentions that part of his job was to deal with the "underworld" in each city to secure the author's drugs.
1448:
Though he ultimately relapsed, Burroughs ended up working out of London for six years, traveling back to the United States on several occasions, including one time escorting his son to the
958:
Control. So the death of Joan brought me in contact with the invader, the Ugly Spirit, and maneuvered me into a life long struggle, in which I have had no choice except to write my way out.
558:
in New Mexico, which was stressful for him. The school was a boarding school for the wealthy, "where the spindly sons of the rich could be transformed into manly specimens". Burroughs kept
1403:
magazine cover story, partly as an article that highlighted the growing Beat literary movement. During this time Burroughs found an outlet for material otherwise rendered unpublishable in
3110:"It is to be remembered that all art is magical in origin β music sculpture writing painting β and by magical I mean intended to produce very definite results ..." β William S. Burroughs
3119:"I will examine the connections between so-called occult phenomena and the creative process. Are not all writers, consciously or not, operating in these areas?" β William S. Burroughs
2805:
has frequently referenced this aspect of Burroughs's work. Burroughs's writing continues to be referenced years after his death; for example, a November 2004 episode of the TV series
1557:
896:
Although Burroughs was writing before his murder of Joan Vollmer, this event marked him and, biographers argue, his work for the rest of his life. Vollmer's death also resonated with
2071:, which paid for part of his tuition and books and provided him with a seventy-five-dollar-per-month stipend. He maintained, "I always say, keep your snout in the public trough."
3299:
There is no exact process. If you want to do shotgun art, you take a piece of plywood, put a can of spray paint in front of it, and shoot it with a shotgun or high powered rifle.
2811:
included an evil character named Dr. Benway (named for an amoral physician who appears in a number of Burroughs's works.) This is an echo of the hospital scene in the movie
753:, who had killed David Kammerer in a confrontation over Kammerer's incessant and unwanted advances. This incident inspired Burroughs and Kerouac to collaborate on a novel titled
1389:
authentically random manner, Burroughs liked it better than the initial plan. International rights to the work were sold soon after, and Burroughs used the $ 3,000 advance from
571:
with a fellow student. Yet, according to his own account, he left voluntarily: "During the Easter vacation of my second year I persuaded my family to let me stay in St. Louis."
1433:
Burroughs left Paris for London in 1960 to visit Dr. Dent, a well-known English medical doctor who spearheaded a reputedly painless heroin withdrawal treatment using the drug
2372:
Burroughs's major works can be divided into four different periods. The dates refer to the time of writing, not publication, which in some cases was not until decades later:
1063:
his interests and indulging in his chosen activities. He left for Tangier in November 1954 and spent the next four years there working on the fiction that would later become
520:, was an advertising pioneer later employed as a publicist for the Rockefellers. His father ran an antique and gift shop, Cobblestone Gardens in St. Louis, and later in
320:
as a postgraduate, and attended medical school in Vienna. In 1942, Burroughs enlisted in the U.S. Army to serve during World War II. After being turned down by the
1888:
992:, a compendium of William Burroughs's writing that was published by his biographer after his death in 1997. The complete novel was finally published by Grove Press in 2008.
2251:
Burroughs died August 2, 1997, at age 83, in Lawrence, Kansas, from complications of a heart attack he had suffered the previous day. He was interred in the family plot in
1806:
magazine claiming his father had poisoned his life and claiming that he had been molested as a fourteen-year-old by one of his father's friends while visiting Tangier. The
1542:
on various people and places who had drawn his ire, including the Moka coffee bar and the London HQ of Scientology. Burroughs himself related the Moka coffee bar incident:
8300:
1814:, he was found near the side of a Florida highway by a stranger. He died shortly afterward. Burroughs was in New York when he heard from Allen Ginsberg of Billy's death.
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During 1953, Burroughs was at loose ends. Due to legal problems, he was unable to live in the cities toward which he was most inclined. He spent time with his parents in
988:, Burroughs described it as "not a very distinguished work". An excerpt of this work, in which Burroughs and Kerouac wrote alternating chapters, was finally published in
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Since 1997, several posthumous collections of Burroughs's work have been published. A few months after his death, a collection of writings spanning his entire career,
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They returned to St. Louis to visit Burroughs's parents and then moved with her daughter to Texas. Vollmer soon became pregnant with Burroughs's child. Their son,
475:"; he owed this reputation to his "lifelong subversion" of the moral, political, and economic systems of modern American society, articulated in often darkly humorous
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1091:, Burroughs settled in to write. Eventually, Ginsberg and Kerouac, who had traveled to Tangier in 1957, helped Burroughs type, edit, and arrange these episodes into
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by Moloko Press in 2020. These books, originally pamphlets, are bulked out to three times their original size and the "trilogy" is complete with the completely new
2271:, was published (according to the book's introduction, Burroughs himself approved its contents prior to his death). Aside from numerous previously released pieces,
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after the younger Burroughs had been convicted of prescription fraud in Florida. In the "Afterword" to the compilation of his son's two previously published novels
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sold over the counter at that time. Because of her addiction and social circle, her husband immediately divorced her after returning from the war. With urging from
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Ginsberg, Allen. Postcard to John Ciardi. July 11, 1959. MS. Stuart Wright Collection: Richard Ghormley Eberhart Papers. Joyner Lib., Greenville, North Carolina.
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wrote devastating reviews of some of his most important books. In a short essay entitled "A Review of the Reviewers", Burroughs answers his critics in this way:
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2352:(styled "the Cut Up Trilogy" officially here for the first time) from Penguin in 2014, and of Burroughs's more obscure collaborative poetic experiments of 1960
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in St. Louis, Missouri, with a marker bearing his full name and the epitaph "American Writer". His grave lies to the right of the white granite obelisk of
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1299:) and published in 2014, included notes and materials to reveal the care with which Burroughs used his methods and the complex histories of his manuscripts.
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1319:, with its political unrest, and criminals with whom he had become involved, became dangerous to Burroughs. He went to Paris to meet Ginsberg and talk with
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2211:. P-Orridge in particular had known and studied under Burroughs and Brion Gysin for over a decade. This led to Burroughs contributing material to the book
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abuse, Burroughs began to pursue other men as his libido returned, while Vollmer, feeling abandoned, started to drink heavily and mock Burroughs openly.
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How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda
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photography's potential as a form of memory-device, photographing and rephotographing his own pictures in increasingly complex time-image arrangements.
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has been delayed several times; after initially being announced for a 2005 release, online booksellers indicated a 2007 release, complete with an ISBN (
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in 1975. Burroughs decided to relocate back to the United States permanently in 1976. He then began to associate with New York cultural players such as
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3097:, the assumption that nothing happens in this universe (that is to say the minute fraction of the universe we are able to contact) unless some entity
1579:. Burroughs successfully withdrew from heroin use and moved to New York. He eventually found an apartment, affectionately dubbed "The Bunker", on the
1331:; its appearance helped to get Burroughs a suspended sentence, since a literary career, according to Ted Morgan, is a respected profession in France.
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759:, completed in 1945. The two fledgling authors were unable to get it published, but the manuscript was eventually published in November 2008 by
608:, covering the police docket. He disliked the work, and refused to cover some events, like the death of a drowned child. He lost his virginity in an
2426:β manuscripts written in Tangier, Paris, London, as well as of other texts written in South America such as "The Composite City", blending into the
624:. They would drive from Boston to New York in a reckless fashion. Once, Stern scared Burroughs so badly that he asked to be let out of the vehicle.
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Burroughs also produced numerous essays and a large body of autobiographical material, including a book with a detailed account of his own dreams (
4426:"William Burroughs at 100: Thurston Moore on seeing him watch Patti Smith at CBGB, his response to Kurt Cobain's suicide and 'cut-up' songwriting"
2119:, being quoted as saying: "I sure as hell wouldn't want to live in a society where the only people allowed guns are the police and the military."
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had not cured his urge to drink, and Billy suffered from serious health complications years after the operation. After he had stopped taking his
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withdrawal, allegedly obliged him by putting a highball glass on her head. Burroughs shot Vollmer in the head, killing her almost immediately.
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in St. Louis, where his first published essay β "Personal Magnetism", which revolved around telepathic mind-control β was printed in the
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hotel, with common toilets on every floor, and a small place for personal cooking in the room. Life there was documented by the photographer
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did get a copy and wrote a positive review of the work, prompting a telegram from Allen Ginsberg praising the review. This controversy made
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2785:, of whom Burroughs said, "Dennis Cooper, God help him, is a born writer". Cooper, in return, wrote, in his essay 'King Junk', "along with
2135:, dating from his earliest childhood, and was insistent throughout his life that we live in a "magical universe". As he himself explained:
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A finding aid to the William Burroughs and Brion Gysin writings, 1963β1973, 1997 in the Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution
5496:"Another early admirer of the song was William S. Burroughs, who, of course, also ended up on the cover of Sgt. Pepper," McCartney wrote.
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calendar in 2012. Although never directly focusing on the year 2012 himself, Burroughs had an influence on early 2012 proponents such as
524:, when they relocated. Burroughs would later write of growing up in a "family where displays of affection were considered embarrassing".
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Through this connection, Burroughs came to personally know many of the leading lights of the chaos magic movement, including Hine, Lee,
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After the novel was published, it became notorious across Europe and the United States, garnering interest from not just members of the
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while awaiting his trial. Upon Burroughs's attorney fleeing Mexico in light of his own legal problems, Burroughs decided, according to
399:, much of Burroughs's work is semiautobiographical, and was often drawn from his experiences as a heroin addict. He lived variously in
2995:"The cut-up techniques made very explicit a preoccupation with exorcism β William's texts became spells, for instance." β Terry Wilson
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have episodes of being free from heroin, from this point until his death he was regularly addicted to the drug. In an introduction to
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In 1981, Billy Burroughs died in Florida. He had cut off contact with his father several years before, even publishing an article in
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Burroughs described Vollmer's death as a pivotal event in his life, and one that provoked his writing by exposing him to the risk of
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that revolved around a mutual interest in artworks and cut-up techniques. Scenes were slid together with little care for narrative.
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857:." There is no indication that they had performed such an action previously. Vollmer, who was also drinking heavily and undergoing
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How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States
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in 1990 to critical acclaim, one that was later performed across Europe and the U.S. In 1991, with Burroughs's approval, director
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In 1974, concerned about his friend's well-being, Allen Ginsberg gained for Burroughs a contract to teach creative writing at the
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1976:, "We hung out at Burroughs's house one time in '93. So he decides to shoot up heroin and he takes out this utility belt full of
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uninteresting and without much creative talent. Although he needed income desperately, he turned down a teaching position at the
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Thee Psychick Bible: Thee Apocryphal Scriptures ov Genesis Breyer P-Orridge and Thee Third Mind ov Thee Temple ov Psychick Youth
1984:. I said 'Hey, this looks important.' and he replies 'Nah, it's probably just junk mail.' Well, I open the letter and it's from
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1067:, as well as attempting to write commercial articles about Tangier. He sent these writings to Ginsberg, his literary agent for
280:; February 5, 1914 β August 2, 1997) was an American writer and visual artist. He is widely considered a primary figure of the
1441:(Vol. 53, 1956) under the title "Letter From A Master Addict To Dangerous Drugs"; this letter is appended to many editions of
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2480:(with Brion Gysin) announced in 1966 and not published until the late '70s. The only major novels written in this period are
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importance of the writer's sensibility as an editor. In this sense, the cut-up method may be considered as analogous to the
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schools of science fiction are indebted to him. Admirers from the late 1970s β early 1980s milieu of this subgenre include
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2344:, with cover art and review information. There followed "restored text" versions of some of Burroughs's best known novels
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904:"Joan, what kind of knowledge have the dead? Can you still love your mortal acquaintances? What do you remember of us?" In
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also edited by Harris, the book contains transcriptions of journal entries made by Burroughs during the time of composing
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magazines laying about, and he was only very interested in talking about shooting and knifing ... I asked him if he had a
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after he signed with literary agent Andrew Wylie. This deal included the publication rights to the unpublished 1952 novel
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are relatively straightforward linear narratives, written in and about Burroughs's time in Mexico City and South America.
2316:, followed by Oliver Harris's reconstructions of three trilogies of writings. The first of these are the early writings:
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1041:, and in New York City with Allen Ginsberg. When Ginsberg refused his romantic advances, Burroughs went to Rome to meet
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After Burroughs graduated from Harvard, his formal education ended, except for brief flirtations with graduate study of
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on a vacation financed from his parents' continuing support. He found Rome and Ansen's company dreary and, inspired by
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an allied experimental collaboration, composited by Harris from unpublished drafts and recordings of the same period.
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in 1983 after several attempts by Allen Ginsberg to get him accepted. He attended the induction ceremony in May 1983.
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Certainly. I'm interested in the golden dawn, Aleister Crowley, all the astrological aspects." β William S. Burroughs
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regularity. The allowance was a ticket to freedom; it allowed him to live where he wanted to and to forgo employment.
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Burroughs had an impact on twentieth-century esotericism and occultism as well, most notably through disciples like
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made during Burroughs's life-time, in which both Dr. Benway and Mr. Lee (a Burroughs pen name) are paged.
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and an appendix of biography and reference to further reading: "About the author", "About the book", and "Read on".
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became the subject of one of the last major literary censorship cases in the United States after its US publisher,
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Taking the broooooaaaaad view of things: A Conversation with James Grauerholz on William S. Burroughs and Magick,
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at Columbia and medicine in Vienna, Austria. He traveled to Europe and became involved in Austrian and Hungarian
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Burroughs is often called one of the greatest and most influential writers of the 20th century, most notably by
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A collection of journal entries written during the final months of Burroughs's life was published as the book
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has questioned Burroughs's claim that Vollmer's death catalysed his writing, highlighting the importance for
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After leaving Mexico, Burroughs drifted through South America for several months, seeking out a drug called
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In 1976, Burroughs was having dinner with his son, William S. "Billy" Burroughs Jr., and Allen Ginsberg in
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to watch the likes of Patti Smith perform. Throughout early 1977, Burroughs collaborated with Southern and
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and Ingrid Fischer, as well as Douglas Grant, head of the North American section of chaos magic group the
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by Robert Kaufman led to a battle of letters between Burroughs and Scientology supporters in the pages of
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called the first excerpt obscene. Rosenthal went on to publish more in his newly created literary journal
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It's supposed to be, yes. It's supposed to have an element of magical invocation." β William S. Burroughs
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Includes the discography section on pp. 275-278. Between pp. 128 and 129 there are 12 pages of pictures.
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so complete that the only treatment was a rarely performed liver transplant operation. Fortunately, the
379:, in 1951 in Mexico City. Burroughs initially claimed that he shot Vollmer while drunkenly attempting a
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6007:, Taking Shots: The Photography of William S. Burroughs, The Photographers' Gallery exhibition website.
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William S. Burroughs and James Grauerholz in the alley behind the Jazzhaus in Lawrence, Kansas (1996)
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In London, Burroughs had begun to write what would become the first novel of a trilogy, published as
1185:, a quarterly journal partially subsidized by the university, promised to publish more excerpts from
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The cover famously included images of both William S. Burroughs and North Beach fixture Lenny Bruce
5204:, 3d ed.: 2 (Kindle Location 6494). McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers. Kindle Edition.
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More writers fail because they try to write about things they don't know than for any other reason.
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1938:
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was also a neurologist at a psychiatric treatment center, Burroughs waited five months in limbo at
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considered Burroughs to be "the most important writer to emerge since the Second World War", while
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2713:) paid tribute to him with its choice of name. He is also cited as a major influence by musicians
648:, they sold their stock for $ 200,000 (equivalent to approximately $ 3,500,000 in today's funds).
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and he said: 'Ah, that's a ladies' pocket-purse gun. I like guns that shoot and knives that cut.
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was one of two places in the nation that performed transplants under the pioneering work of Dr.
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McLean, Cabell (2003). "Playback: My experience of chaos magic with William S. Burroughs, Sr".
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Stevens, Matthew Levi (2014). The Magical Universe of William S. Burroughs. Mandrake of Oxford.
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1993:
1854:. With this money he purchased a small bungalow for $ 29,000. He was finally inducted into the
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Burroughs continues to be named as an influence by contemporary writers of fiction. Both the
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Burroughs and Kerouac got into trouble with the law for failing to report a murder involving
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themes, which were a constant preoccupation for Burroughs, both in fiction and in real life.
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to write an article about his trip back to St. Louis, one that was eventually published in
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Their life in Mexico was by all accounts an unhappy one. Without heroin and suffering from
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Burroughs's parents sold the rights to his grandfather's invention and had no share in the
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Anything but Routine: A Selectively Annotated Bibliography of William S. Burroughs v 2.0
3797:"William S. Burroughs, the beat writer who distilled his raw nightmare life, dies at 83"
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Mayanism that an apocalyptic shift in human consciousness would occur at the end of the
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Drugs, homosexuality, and death, common among Burroughs's themes, have been taken up by
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gym, complete with lockers and communal showers. The building fell within New York City
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were first published in the United States in 1958. The novel was initially rejected by
1005:, who was instrumental in getting the work published as a cheap mass-market paperback.
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5442:"What Most People Would Call Evil: The Archontic Spirituality of William S. Burroughs"
5407:"What Most People Would Call Evil: The Archontic Spirituality of William S. Burroughs"
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Between Spaces: Selected Rituals & Essays from the Archives Of Templum Nigri Solis
4002:, Summer Writing Institute, June 24, 1999, Naropa University. Transcript published in
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Between Spaces: Selected Rituals & Essays From The Archives Of Templum Nigri Solis
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As a boy, Burroughs lived on Pershing Avenue (now Pershing Place) in St. Louis's
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Miles, Barry (2003). "The Inventive Mind of Brion Gysin". In Kuri, JosΓ© FΓ©rez (ed.).
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ruled that copies could not be mailed to subscribers on the basis of obscenity laws.
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3662:"William S. Burroughs Dies at 83; Member of the Beat Generation Wrote 'Naked Lunch'"
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more firearms. Burroughs fled to Mexico to escape possible detention in Louisiana's
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government. The two were never romantically involved, but Burroughs married her, in
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William S. Burroughs Addresses The Magickal Pact of the Illuminates of Thanateros.
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Biographer Ted Morgan has argued that: "As the single most important thing about
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magic in his everyday life: seeking out mystical visions through practices like
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to support his habit. Vollmer also became an addict, but her drug of choice was
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337:
160:
5972:(ca. 1945-ca. 1984, 29 boxes) are held in the Ohio State University libraries.
5966:(ca. 1945-ca. 1984, 58 boxes) are held in the Ohio State University libraries.
4908:, ed. Naylor and P-Orridge (1977). As quoted in Brion Gysin and Terry Wilson,
3879:
3854:
2891:, the iconic 1967 Beatlesβ album. He is in the middle of the second row; see
2281:, a novel by Burroughs and Kerouac. The complete Kerouac/Burroughs manuscript
722:
and his admirer, David Kammerer β left for New York City, Burroughs followed.
527:
It was during his childhood that Burroughs's developed a lifelong interest in
8024:
7983:
7978:
7973:
7716:
7554:
7129:
6932:
6878:
6377:
6247:
5960:(ca. 1945-ca. 1984, 6 boxes) are held in the Ohio State University libraries.
5378:
4561:
3442:
2852:
2782:
2677:
2653:
2649:
2630:
2621:
2600:
2504:
2389:
2235:
2178:
world, of psychic visitations, of curses, of possession and phantom beings."
2174:
2092:
1973:
1850:
1832:
1796:
1744:
1687:
1679:
1640:
1563:
1362:
1347:
1320:
1292:
1279:
1234:
by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, followed by other states. In 1966, the
1162:
970:
941:, showed that the letters were largely fictionalised from Burroughs's notes.
879:
831:
791:
764:
484:
480:
6110:
6073:
5630:
4837:
William S. Burroughs, 1970. "Playback From Eden to Watergate", published in
2541:
came from Burroughs in a final, mature stage, creating a complete mythology.
1678:, then entangled in a legal problem), in addition to panel discussions with
7927:
7706:
7645:
7186:
7139:
7124:
7085:
6779:
6650:
6584:
6282:
6031:
5756:
Burroughs Live: The Collected Interviews of William S. Burroughs, 1960β1997
4856:
Burroughs Live: The Collected Interviews of William S. Burroughs 1970β1997.
4024:
Burroughs Live: The Collected Interviews of William S. Burroughs 1960β1997.
3423:
2837:
I first heard of the '23 Enigma' from William S. Burroughs, author of
2798:
2714:
2696:
2637:
2442:
2297:
1985:
1909:
1904:, later released as a spoken-word album in 1987. In 1989, he appeared with
1871:
1845:
1731:
1699:
1695:
1632:
1608:
1588:
1515:
1507:
1404:
1266:
835:
735:
731:
711:
697:
693:
665:
657:
384:
376:
341:
317:
202:
6063:
5985:
5093:. published by Templum Nigri Solis, an "Australasian Chaos Sorcery" group.
3473:
Burroughs Live: The Collected Interviews of William S. Burroughs 1960β1997
3441:, Harper Perennial Modern Classics (2005). It includes an introduction by
2191:
In the final decade of his life, Burroughs became heavily involved in the
1635:, frequently entertaining them at the Bunker; he also visited venues like
1361:
Burroughs's time at the Beat Hotel was dominated by occult experiments β "
963:"sorcery", in his own words β to disrupt language via methods such as the
7871:
7832:
7746:
7726:
7701:
7696:
7350:
7238:
7144:
7119:
7074:
6828:
6763:
6680:
6665:
6522:
6254:
5989:
5655:
4939:
4018:
William S. Burroughs, interviewed by Allen Ginsberg (1992). Published as
3541:
2758:
2722:
2718:
2669:
2416:
2275:
also included what was promoted as one of the few surviving fragments of
2239:
2203:, etc. β had been incorporated into chaos magic by such practitioners as
2192:
2109:
2083:
2079:
2043:
2024:
2007:
1981:
1957:
1934:
1926:
1905:
1703:
1671:
1628:
1620:
1616:
1434:
1414:
1390:
1275:
1248:
1208:
1196:
1157:
1132:
1106:
1046:
995:
Before killing Vollmer, Burroughs had largely completed his first novel,
858:
783:
760:
750:
739:
719:
476:
424:
423:, with these locations featuring in many of his novels and stories. With
400:
369:
360:
167:
6099:
5992:, are held at the Kenneth Spencer Research Library, University of Kansas
5202:
Resting Places: The Burial Sites of more than 14,000 Famous Persons
3901:
2860:
Some research suggests that Burroughs is arguably the progenitor of the
1886:. Burroughs and R.E.M. collaborated on the song "Star Me Kitten" on the
7866:
7262:
7059:
6551:
6178:
6022:
5884:
Retaking the Universe: William S. Burroughs in the Age of Globalization
2790:
2786:
2754:
2730:
2665:
2657:
1792:
1612:
1481:
1409:
1335:
1140:
1042:
847:
779:
512:, founded the Burroughs Adding Machine company, which evolved into the
127:
4504:"Godfather of Beat Generation was content to live last days in Kansas"
4359:
David S. Wills, "The Weird Cult: William S. Burroughs and Scientology"
1393:
to buy drugs (equivalent to approximately $ 31,000 in today's funds).
926:
abilities. A book composed of letters between Burroughs and Ginsberg,
539:, as well as a vision of ghostly grey figures at play in his bedroom.
7937:
7856:
7741:
7286:
6634:
6161:
5927:
3155:
Your work often seems more primitive, ritualistic or magical perhaps.
2830:
2750:
2746:
2688:
2673:
2599:
into his works where there is none, which sets him at odds both with
2204:
1897:
1893:
1788:
1485:
1374:
1231:
1088:
1006:
923:
919:
809:, was born in 1947. The family moved briefly to New Orleans in 1948.
516:. Burroughs's mother was Laura Hammond Lee Burroughs, whose brother,
505:
445:
332:
that affected him for the rest of his life, initially beginning with
297:
64:
5309:
GΓ©omΓ©trie de la Souffrance, Genesis P-Orridge + William S. Burroughs
2893:
List of images on the cover of Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band
2334:
Everything Lost: The Latin American Journals of William S. Burroughs
627:
Burroughs graduated from Harvard in 1936. According to Ted Morgan's
7851:
5930:(17 linear feet β 94 boxes) are held by the Berg Collection of the
2734:
1714:
1624:
1583:
of Manhattan at 222 Bowery. The dwelling was a partially converted
1215:
interesting to Girodias again, and he published the novel in 1959.
771:
432:
333:
5836:
Laid Bare: A Memoir of Wrecked Lives and the Hollywood Death Trip.
5446:
La Rosa di Paracelso: Rivista di Studi sull'Esoterismo Occidentale
5411:
La Rosa di Paracelso: Rivista di Studi sull'Esoterismo Occidentale
4528:"Riflemaker Contemporary Art | The Riflemaker Gallery |"
4358:
2328:(2006). Following the publication of the latter in December 2007,
1799:, argued that Burroughs was shaping a new literary "mythography".
1787:, saying Burroughs was boring readers with repetitive episodes of
7881:
7767:
7052:
6691:
6074:
Allen Ginsberg & William S. Burroughs, Last Public Appearance
5110:
4774:
William S. Burroughs, Letter to Allen Ginsberg, January 2, 1959.
4668:
4444:
3132:
Rather than simply informing us of a vision of the future, as in
2865:
2158:
2097:
2068:
1977:
1948:
1534:
It was during his time in London that Burroughs began using his "
1466:
1366:
1316:
1284:
673:
620:
homosexual underground with Richard Stern, a wealthy friend from
517:
416:
309:
228:
5477:"The connection between William S. Burroughs and Paul McCartney"
4787:
William S. Burroughs, Letter to Allen Ginsberg, late July 1959.
4762:
LZ-'75: The Lost Chronicles of Led Zeppelin's 1975 American Tour
4173:
Grauerholz, James. Introduction p. xviii, in William Burroughs.
2030:
Burroughs's last filmed performance was in the music video for "
1791:
fantasy and sexual strangulation that lacked any comprehensible
830:
in 1950, studying Spanish, as well as Mesoamerican manuscripts (
7155:
5699:
Book of Lies: The Disinformation Guide to Magick and the Occult
4219:
William S. Burroughs, letter to Brion Gysin, January 17, 1959.
3880:"Heir's pistol kills his wife; he denies playing Wm. Tell"
3634:
2166:
2132:
2112:
1539:
1506:
for the screen in conjunction with American game-show producer
1370:
1084:
1080:
669:
613:
532:
468:
449:
404:
131:
7801:
5105:
Grauerholz, James interviewed June 25, 2010, by Steve Foland.
887:, to "skip" and return to the United States. He was convicted
594:, Missouri, and in 1932 left home to pursue an arts degree at
266:
7891:
5950:(ca. 1945-ca. 1984, 55 boxes plus additions) are held in the
4716:
4714:
4712:
3687:
Grauerholz, James. Introduction p. xv, in William Burroughs.
2626:
2074:
Burroughs was a gun enthusiast and owned several shotguns, a
1889:
Songs in the Key of X: Music from and Inspired by the X-Files
559:
536:
408:
352:. Burroughs found success with his confessional first novel,
6040:
William S. Burroughs audio documentary narrated by Iggy Pop
5850:
The Lost Years of William S. Burroughs: Beats in South Texas
4215:
4213:
4096:. "Introduction", pp. ixβxiii. New York: Viking Press, 1987.
4086:, the body of text that Burroughs was working on was called
3825:"The death of Joan Vollmer-Burroughs: What really happened?"
2552:
2153:
This was no idle passing interest β Burroughs also actively
2023:
based on the works of Edgar Allan Poe, in which he recites "
1862:
remarked the induction of Burroughs into the Academy proved
680:
way into his early fiction as the short story "The Finger".
372:, was sued for violating a Massachusetts obscenity statute.
6835:
5990:
James Grauerholz Collection of William S. Burroughs, MS 319
5907:. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press, 2016.
5898:
The Road to Interzone: Reading William S. Burroughs Reading
5845:. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press, 2003.
5676:
Literary Outlaw: The Life and Times of William S. Burroughs
5607:
4757:. William S. Burroughs, in conversation with Stephen Davis.
4739:
Literary Outlaw: The Life and Times of William S. Burroughs
3790:
3788:
3531:
3384:
Literary Outlaw: The life and times of William S. Burroughs
1636:
1584:
269:
5905:
The Green Ghost: William Burroughs and the Ecological Mind
4709:
3284:"William S. Burroughs Shows You How to Make "Shotgun Art""
602:. During the summers, he worked as a cub reporter for the
7080:
National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam
6094:
4955:
interview by Nicholas Zurbrugge. Transcript published in
4210:
3527:
3525:
2699:, to name only two. First published in 1982, the British
893:
of homicide and was given a two-year suspended sentence.
6152:
Artist Malcolm McNeill: On Beat Writer William Burroughs
5275:, London: Prestel and The Photographers' Gallery, 2014).
4110:. London, England: Thames and Hudson. pp. 124β125.
3994:
3992:
3990:
3785:
336:. In 1943, while living in New York City, he befriended
5808:, London: Prestel and The Photographers' Gallery, 2014.
5175:, "Woodard and Renewed Intellectual Possibilities", in
3729:
Grauerholz, James; Silverberg, Ira (December 1, 2007).
2292:
in 2000. Publication of a memoir by Burroughs entitled
2035:
1961:
into a feature film, which opened to critical acclaim.
1302:
812:
742:, Kerouac's first wife. Vollmer Adams was married to a
467:
by France. Jack Kerouac called Burroughs the "greatest
358:(1953), but is perhaps best known for his third novel,
6470:
Last Words: The Final Journals of William S. Burroughs
5912:
Scientologist! William S. Burroughs and the Weird Cult
4554:
4492:
Last Words: The Final Journals of William S. Burroughs
4440:"Precarious Immortality: William S. Burroughs on Film"
3917:
3915:
3567:"97 Things you didn't know about William S. Burroughs"
3522:
1821:
Last Words: The Final Journals of William S. Burroughs
344:. Their mutual influence became the foundation of the
6012:, William S. Burroughs and Photography Lecture Series
5806:
Taking Shots: The Photography of William S. Burroughs
5273:
Taking Shots: The Photography of William S. Burroughs
4567:
Ministry: The Lost Gospels according to Al Jourgensen
4309:
4307:
4305:
3987:
2908:
2603:
and the old school as represented by Matthew Arnold.
444:(1961β1964). Burroughs's work also features frequent
272:
6138:
4942:, New York, March 24, 1974. Transcript published in
4560:
3728:
3703:
The Voice is All: The lonely victory of Jack Kerouac
3454:
Burroughs, 2003. Penguin Modern Classics edition of
1287:
method in the visual arts. New restored editions of
953:
by a malevolent entity he called "the Ugly Spirit":
263:
8301:
Members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters
6079:
5857:
When I Was Cool, My Life at the Jack Kerouac School
5368:
4817:William S. Burroughs, interviewed by Daniel Odier.
4595:. St. Louis Walk of Fame. 2008. Archived from
3912:
3373:
3371:
3369:
3367:
3365:
3363:
3361:
3359:
3357:
3355:
3353:
3351:
3349:
3347:
3345:
2410:Although published before Burroughs discovered the
2285:was published for the first time in November 2008.
2054:The only newspaper columnist Burroughs admired was
1189:, but he was fired from his position in 1958 after
590:Burroughs finished high school at Taylor School in
260:
6167:William S. Burroughs interviewed by Allen Ginsberg
5864:William Burroughs: El Hombre Invisible: A Portrait
5337:
5247:Reality Studio.org: Evil River-A Burroughs Memoir?
5213:
5101:
5099:
4789:The Letters of William S. Burroughs, 1945 to 1959.
4776:The Letters of William S. Burroughs, 1945 to 1959.
4689:William S. Burroughs and the Cult of Rock 'n' Roll
4392:"222 Bowery Β· 222 Bowery, New York, NY 10012, USA"
4302:
4221:The Letters of William S. Burroughs, 1945 to 1959.
4205:The Letters of William S. Burroughs, 1945 to 1959.
3343:
3341:
3339:
3337:
3335:
3333:
3331:
3329:
3327:
3325:
2825:and Genesis P-Orridge. Burroughs is also cited by
2772:commented on Burroughs's development as a writer:
2676:. Burroughs had an influence on the German writer
1992:In 1990, Burroughs was honored with a star on the
1856:American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters
774:and became addicted. He eventually sold heroin in
461:American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters
6608:Words of Advice: William S. Burroughs on the Road
6141:"William S. Burroughs, The Art of Fiction No. 36"
5158:Grant, Douglas (2003). "Magick and photography".
4014:
4012:
3872:
2587:William S. Burroughs, "A Review of the Reviewers"
2090:recounted meeting Burroughs: "he had a number of
1551:In the 1960s, Burroughs joined and then left the
1476:, after Burroughs refused to alter the style for
746:with whom she had a young daughter, Julie Adams.
8022:
5130:Condensed Chaos: An Introduction to Chaos Magic.
4800:Terry Wilson, in conversation with Brion Gysin.
4413:With William Burroughs: A Report From the Bunker
4396:222 Bowery Β· 222 Bowery, New York, NY 10012, USA
4050:
4048:
3694:
2127:Burroughs had a longstanding preoccupation with
2115:. Burroughs was also a staunch supporter of the
1015:Junkie: Confessions of an Unredeemed Drug Addict
714:. When two of his friends from St. Louis β
578:Burroughs's childhood home on Pershing Place in
8246:Chevaliers of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
7507:Readings by Jack Kerouac on the Beat Generation
6113:by Brian E.C. Schottlaender, UC San Diego, 2010
5843:William Burroughs and the Secret of Fascination
5249:, a 2005 discussion on the origin of this book.
5096:
5031:Bitter Venom: The Magic of William S. Burroughs
4274:A Grand Guy: The Art and Life of Terry Southern
3959:Terry Wilson in conversation with Brion Gysin.
3589:
3587:
3434:
3432:
3322:
2561:treated Burroughs's work harshly. For example,
2420:is a fragmentary collection of "routines" from
2195:movement. Burroughs's magical techniques β the
1525:(1969); and the traditional prose-format novel
944:
6055:International festivities for 50th anniversary
5611:; Silverberg, Ira; Douglas, Ann, eds. (2000).
5335:
4881:"The Magical Universe of William S. Burroughs"
4612:"The Life of William S. Burroughs: A timeline"
4009:
2042:, directed by Richie Smyth and also featuring
1947:, a play that opened at the Thalia Theatre in
1937:. He collaborated with Tom Waits and director
1413:. Also, poetry by Burroughs's appeared in the
1246:, the collection of manuscripts that produced
348:, which was later a defining influence on the
19:For other people named William Burroughs, see
7817:
7171:
6707:
6463:The Job: Interviews with William S. Burroughs
6194:
5587:"William S. Burroughs: Beating Postmodernism"
5547:The Job: Interviews with William S. Burroughs
5214:Hastings, Chris; Beth Jones (March 2, 2008).
5003:The Job: Interviews with William S. Burroughs
4996:
4994:
4330:The Magical Universe of William S. Burroughs.
4290:
4288:
4286:
4284:
4282:
4200:
4198:
4196:
4188:The Magical Universe of William S. Burroughs.
4045:
3948:The Magical Universe of William S. Burroughs.
3935:The Magical Universe of William S. Burroughs.
3816:
3724:
3722:
2887:William S. Burroughs appears on the cover of
2709:(which later evolved into a more traditional
2367:
1918:. In 1990, he released the spoken word album
1181:in 1958. Irving Rosenthal, student editor of
1013:under the pen name William Lee, retitling it
725:
491:who may be conceivably possessed by genius".
16:American writer and visual artist (1914β1997)
8336:United States Army personnel of World War II
6502:You're the Guy I Want to Share My Money With
5891:The Magical Universe of William S. Burroughs
5776:The Magical Universe of William S. Burroughs
4723:The Magical Universe of William S. Burroughs
4691:. University of Texas Press. pp. 34β35.
4322:
4180:
4132:Ports of Entry β Here is Space-Time Painting
4108:Brion Gysin: Tuning in to the Multimedia Age
3953:
3940:
3927:
3584:
3429:
3268:
3266:
3079:You're interested in the occult, aren't you?
2017:He was a voice actor in the 1995 video game
1307:Burroughs moved into a rundown hotel in the
692:early in 1942, shortly after the bombing of
651:
392:and received a two-year suspended sentence.
296:Burroughs was born into a wealthy family in
6154:, Interview by George Laughead, August 2007
5613:Word Virus: The William S. Burroughs Reader
4986:William S. Burroughs: Beating Postmodernism
3731:Word Virus: The William S. Burroughs Reader
3538:Word Virus: The William S. Burroughs Reader
3194:Beat Culture: Lifestyles, icons, and impact
2777:incredibly patrician Midwestern background.
494:
308:, and a nephew of public relations manager
8121:American expatriates in the United Kingdom
7824:
7810:
7178:
7164:
6772:The Fall of America: Poems of These States
6714:
6700:
6201:
6187:
5938:William Seward Burroughs Papers, 1957β1976
5900:. Suicide Press, Archer City, Texas, 2009.
5859:. New York: HarperCollins Perennial, 2005.
5061:
4991:
4979:
4977:
4279:
4193:
3822:
3719:
3655:
3653:
2346:The Soft Machine, The Ticket that Exploded
2161:, taking measures to protect himself from
1719:Jack Kerouac School of Disembodied Poetics
1570:
1071:, but none were published until 1989 when
1009:published the novel in 1953 as part of an
38:
8176:American people convicted of manslaughter
8076:20th-century American short story writers
7219:And the Hippos Were Boiled in Their Tanks
6234:And the Hippos Were Boiled in Their Tanks
6064:A gallery of Burroughs book cover designs
5160:AshΓ© Journal of Experimental Spirituality
5017:AshΓ© Journal of Experimental Spirituality
4944:A Burroughs Compendium: Calling the Toads
4316:AshΓ© Journal of Experimental Spirituality
3263:
2553:Reaction to critics and view on criticism
2283:And the Hippos Were Boiled in Their Tanks
2278:And the Hippos Were Boiled in Their Tanks
1999:In June 1991, Burroughs underwent triple
1900:resulted in a collection of short prose,
1252:, also produced parts of the later works
981:And the Hippos Were Boiled in Their Tanks
826:. Burroughs also attended classes at the
756:And the Hippos Were Boiled in Their Tanks
683:
395:While heavily experimental and featuring
6661:William Seward Burroughs I (grandfather)
6208:
5970:William S. Burroughs Papers, SPEC.CMS.90
5964:William S. Burroughs Papers, SPEC.CMS.87
5958:William S. Burroughs Papers, SPEC.CMS.85
5948:William S. Burroughs Papers, SPEC.CMS.40
5838:Searching for Rimbaud. Amok Books, 1997.
5015:Hine, Phil (2000). "Zimbu Xototl Time".
3846:
3614:
3594:
3243:
3186:
3184:
2229:
1831:
1827:
1480:βs publishers. In 1968 Burroughs joined
770:During this time, Burroughs began using
573:
6169:, March 1992 in Lawrence, Kansas, from
5852:. Texas A&M University Press, 2006.
5474:
5271:Allmer, Patricia, and John Sears (eds)
5216:"New Jack Kerouac book to be published"
4974:
4720:
4609:
4415:. New York: St. Martin's Griffin, 1996.
3852:
3743:
3700:
3650:
3637:"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800β"
3448:
1226:. Once published in the United States,
8023:
6046:William S. Burroughs Internet Database
5996:William S. Burroughs Internet Database
5986:William S. Burroughs Collection, MS 63
5882:Schneiderman, Davis and Philip Walsh.
5804:Allmer, Patricia and John Sears (ed.)
5798:
5752:
5670:
5306:
4878:
4866:Burroughs, 1985. "On Coincidence", in
4735:
4672:. William S. Burroughs. Archived from
4564:& Wiederhorn, Jon (July 9, 2013).
4313:
3855:"Which is the fly and which is human?"
3823:Grauerholz, James (December 9, 2003).
3794:
3659:
3565:Staff, Flavorwire (February 4, 2011).
3400:
3377:
3217:
3190:
2058:, a right-wing opinion shaper for the
1892:album. A collaboration with musicians
1674:(who filled in at the last minute for
1049:' fiction, he decided to head for the
459:In 1983, Burroughs was elected to the
8316:Obscenity controversies in literature
7805:
7159:
6695:
6182:
6036:Internet Speculative Fiction Database
5736:
5439:
5404:
5157:
4753:Davis, Stephen (1975). "Rock Magic".
4752:
4635:
4105:
4029:
3882:. Associated Press. September 7, 1951
3635:Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.
3564:
3281:
3181:
3101:it to happen." β William S. Burroughs
2889:Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band
1741:University of Colorado Medical Center
1027:Junky: the definitive text of 'Junk',
841:
730:In 1945, Burroughs began living with
585:
438:, featuring heavily in works such as
7394:The Scripture of the Golden Eternity
6438:The Adding Machine: Collected Essays
6175:magazine No. 8, published April 2012
5591:The Cambridge Companion to the Beats
5047:
5014:
4927:The Adding Machine: Collected Essays
4868:The Adding Machine: Collected essays
4490:Burroughs, William. "Introduction".
4259:Burroughs, William, S. "Afterword".
3744:Latvala, Maureen (August 22, 2005).
3532:Grauerholz, James; Silverberg, Ira;
2049:
1236:Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court
1222:, but also literary critics such as
813:Mexico and South America (1950β1952)
8186:American psychedelic drug advocates
6050:Southeast Missouri State University
6000:Southeast Missouri State University
5921:
5773:
5737:Wason, Thomas (February 15, 1951).
5509:"The Making of Sgt. Pepper's Cover"
5260:The Adding Machine: Selected Essays
4686:
2829:as the first person to notice the "
2318:Junky:the definitive text of "Junk"
2262:
1925:with musical backup from producers
1795:or theology; other reviewers, like
1538:" technique in an attempt to place
1494:1968 Democratic National Convention
1450:Lexington Narcotics Farm and Prison
1428:
1315:was still looking for a publisher.
911:
13:
8181:American people of English descent
8056:20th-century American male artists
8051:20th-century American male writers
6721:
6622:William S. Burroughs: A Man Within
6139:Conrad Knickerbocker (Fall 1965).
6101:William S. Burroughs: A Man Within
6086:William S. Burroughs: A Man Within
5793:
5716:P-Orridge, Genesis Breyer (2010).
5693:P-Orridge, Genesis Breyer (2003).
5692:
5475:Leatham, Tom (December 13, 2022).
5288:. Reality Studio. January 25, 2012
4294:
3795:Severo, Richard (August 4, 1997).
3660:Severo, Richard (August 3, 1997).
3282:Jones, Josh (September 14, 2012).
3244:Campbell, James (August 4, 1997).
3218:Severo, Richard (August 3, 1997).
2766:William S. Burroughs: A Man Within
2122:
1001:, which he wrote at the urging of
922:, which promised to give the user
700:. But when he was classified as a
375:Burroughs killed his second wife,
21:William Burroughs (disambiguation)
14:
8372:
8236:Burials at Bellefontaine Cemetery
8161:American male short story writers
8081:20th-century pseudonymous writers
6905:Songs of Innocence and Experience
6016:
5815:. New York: Penguin Books, 1992.
5715:
5695:"Magick Squares and Future Beats"
5543:
5067:
5000:
4764:. Penguin Publishing Group. 2010.
4481:. New York: Overlook Press, 1984.
4263:. New York: Overlook Press, 1984.
4070:, New York: Viking Press, p. 159.
2905:William S. Burroughs bibliography
1239:prosecuted in the United States.
734:in an apartment they shared with
8191:American science fiction writers
7185:
7043:International Poetry Incarnation
6941:Life and Times of Allen Ginsberg
5940:(2 linear feet) are held in the
5501:
5468:
5433:
5398:
5362:
5329:
5315:
5300:
5278:
5265:
5252:
5240:
5207:
5194:
5166:
5151:
5135:
5122:
5075:
5035:
5023:
5008:
4962:
4949:
4932:
4915:
4898:
4879:Mathew, Stevens (May 13, 2013).
4872:
3246:"Struggles with the Ugly Spirit"
3163:
3145:
3122:
3113:
3104:
2918:
2462:also derives from the mid-1950s.
1666:Organized by Columbia professor
1439:The British Journal of Addiction
1205:United States Postmaster General
1127:style. After the publication of
937:. In 2006, a re-edited version,
300:. He was a grandson of inventor
256:
252:William Seward Burroughs II
241:
8271:Deaths from coronary thrombosis
8116:American expatriates in Morocco
8061:20th-century American novelists
8046:20th-century American criminals
7831:
6872:Hadda Be Playing on the Jukebox
6509:Spare Ass Annie and Other Tales
6290:The Last Words of Dutch Schultz
6069:William Burroughs and Tom Waits
5976:William S. Burroughs collection
5952:Ohio State University libraries
4860:
4844:
4831:
4811:
4808:(1982). Re/Search Publications.
4794:
4781:
4768:
4746:
4729:
4695:
4680:
4656:
4629:
4610:Cauthon, Phil (July 30, 2007).
4603:
4585:
4538:
4520:
4497:
4484:
4477:Charters, Ann. "Introduction".
4471:
4451:
4432:
4418:
4402:
4384:
4368:
4352:
4343:Playback From Eden to Watergate
4335:
4297:Magick Squares and Future Beats
4266:
4253:
4240:
4226:
4177:. New York: Viking Press, 1987.
4167:
4146:
4137:
4124:
4099:
4073:
4060:
3970:
3967:(1982). Re/Search Publications.
3894:
3853:Snowden, Lynn (February 1992).
3831:. American Studies Department,
3760:
3737:
3691:. New York: Viking Press, 1987.
3681:
3558:
3504:
3491:
3478:
3461:
3087:
3069:
3060:
3051:
3038:
3029:
3016:
3007:
2998:
2989:
2975:
2966:
2957:
2937:
2898:
2430:fiction also partly drawn from
2322:Queer: 25th-Anniversary Edition
2308:), but it remains unpublished.
2257:William Seward Burroughs I
1768:(1987). Grauerholz helped edit
1522:The Last Words of Dutch Schultz
1425:at the beginning of the 1960s.
1338:" was a typical European-style
1291:(or Cut-Up Trilogy), edited by
696:brought the United States into
598:, where he was affiliated with
8351:American weird fiction writers
8126:American former Scientologists
8111:American expatriates in Mexico
8106:American expatriates in France
8066:20th-century American painters
7529:Jack Kerouac Reads On the Road
7491:Poetry for the Beat Generation
6656:William S. Burroughs Jr. (son)
6431:Ali's Smile: Naked Scientology
6346:My Education: A Book of Dreams
6076:November 2, 1996, Lawrence, KS
5914:. Beatdom Books, London, 2013.
5774:Stevens, Matthew Levi (2014).
5753:Burroughs, William S. (2001).
5593:. Cambridge University Press.
5584:
5564:
5544:Burroughs, William S. (2012).
5258:Burroughs, William S. (1993),
5111:https://pop-damage.com/?p=5393
4983:
4721:Stevens, Matthew Levi (2014).
4494:. New York: Grove Press, 2000.
4479:Speed/Kentucky Ham: Two Novels
4261:Speed/Kentucky Ham: Two Novels
3439:Naked Lunch: The Restored Text
3412:
3313:
3310:El Nacional, September 8, 1951
3304:
3275:
3237:
3211:
2808:CSI: Crime Scene Investigation
2606:
2547:My Education: A Book of Dreams
1155:, the publisher of Ginsberg's
1098:
834:) and the Mayan language with
554:in 1929. He then attended the
463:. In 1984, he was awarded the
1:
8010:Thee Temple ov Psychick Youth
6965:Allen Ginsberg Live in London
6080:European Beat Studies Network
5942:Columbia University Libraries
5697:. In Metzger, Richard (ed.).
5648:"Cut Up and Collage in Magic"
5589:. In Belletto, Steven (ed.).
5417:(1β2): 83β122. Archived from
4703:"William S. Burroughs Quotes"
4580:– via Internet Archive.
4545:"William Burroughs Biography"
3976:interviewed by Daniel Odier.
3175:
1297:European Beat Studies Network
1123:was his first venture into a
1017:(it was later republished as
465:Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
8321:People from Lawrence, Kansas
8286:John Burroughs School alumni
8196:American spoken word artists
6516:The "Priest" They Called Him
5893:. Mandrake of Oxford, 2014.
5886:. London: Pluto Press, 2004.
5452:(1β2): 85β93. Archived from
5286:"In Memory of Carl Weissner"
5081:Templum Nigri Solis (2010).
4515:Wichita Eagle and Kansas.com
4234:"My Own Mag β RealityStudio"
4090:, see Burroughs, William S.
3629:American Antiquarian Society
3609:American Antiquarian Society
3408:. W.W. Norton & Company.
3319:La Prensa, September 8, 1951
2931:
1384:The actual process by which
1280:Holt, Rinehart & Winston
1119:were conventional in style,
945:Beginning of literary career
427:, Burroughs popularized the
322:Office of Strategic Services
7:
8341:United States Army soldiers
8326:American postmodern writers
8266:Counterculture of the 1960s
8261:Counterculture of the 1950s
8071:20th-century American poets
7521:Kerouac: Kicks Joy Darkness
7514:The Jack Kerouac Collection
7070:Counterculture of the 1960s
6815:A Supermarket in California
5928:William S. Burroughs papers
5866:. New York: Hyperion, 1993.
5645:
5344:. Canongate Books. p.
5307:Becker, Christophe (2022).
5056:Cut Up and Collage in Magic
5053:
4904:"Essay on Brion Gysin" for
2330:Ohio State University Press
2144:Or, speaking in the 1970s:
1661:Underground & Emigrants
1607:, for which he interviewed
1220:counterculture of the 1960s
902:Dream Record: June 8, 1955,
316:, studied English, studied
53:William Seward Burroughs II
10:
8377:
8361:American LGBT male artists
8306:Mexico City College alumni
5537:
5177:Seeing the Beat Generation
5162:. Vol. 2, no. 3.
5116:November 11, 2010, at the
5019:. Vol. 2, no. 3.
4819:Journey through space-time
4318:. Vol. 2, no. 3.
4250:. London: J. Murray, 1941.
3978:Journey through space-time
3924:, Penguin, 1985, p. xxiii.
3733:. Grove Press. p. 42.
2902:
2580:Write about what you know.
2368:Literary style and periods
1812:transplant rejection drugs
1643:on a screen adaptation of
1303:Paris and the "Beat Hotel"
1104:
1051:Tangier International Zone
1032:
1029:edited by Oliver Harris).
726:Addiction and Joan Vollmer
688:Burroughs enlisted in the
510:William Seward Burroughs I
413:Tangier International Zone
302:William Seward Burroughs I
224:William Seward Burroughs I
18:
8296:LGBT people from Missouri
8281:Harvard University alumni
8096:American bisexual artists
8091:American bisexual writers
8005:Illuminates of Thanateros
7997:
7956:
7910:
7839:
7755:
7689:
7679:One Fast Move or I'm Gone
7670:
7621:
7546:
7539:
7482:
7455:
7436:
7369:
7202:
7193:
7095:
7023:
6924:
6888:
6857:September on Jessore Road
6799:
6729:
6643:
6539:
6479:
6447:
6417:The Electronic Revolution
6408:
6362:
6225:
6216:
5748:. Vol. 4. p. 6.
5615:. New York: Grove Press.
4509:December 3, 2013, at the
4248:Anxiety and Its Treatment
3397:– via Google Books;
2615:
2468:Experiment and subversion
2225:Illuminates of Thanateros
2108:gave him a one-of-a-kind
2012:Illuminates of Thanateros
1354:for several months after
1025:, and finally in 2003 as
986:What Happened to Kerouac?
933:was published in 1963 by
865:killing, which was ruled
652:Europe and First Marriage
240:
235:
219:
209:
196:
155:
137:
119:
104:
96:
88:
71:
49:
37:
30:
8101:American erotica writers
7702:Edie Parker (first wife)
7472:Good Blonde & Others
6269:The Ticket That Exploded
5813:The Portable Beat Reader
5567:"Magick and Photography"
5405:Cowan, Tommy P. (2018).
5323:"Modern Beat: Tom Waits"
5144:Transcript published in
5043:Cacodemonic Copulations.
4806:Here to go: planet R-101
4638:"Magick and Photography"
4375:Burroughs on Scientology
4363:Beatdom Literary Journal
4054:"William S. Burroughs."
4042:, New York: Grove, 1998.
3984:(1970). John Calder Ltd.
3965:Here to go: planet R-101
3467:Transcript published as
3197:. ABC-CLIO. p. 29.
3191:Lawlor, William (2005).
3046:Letter to Allen Ginsberg
3024:Letter to Allen Ginsberg
2711:science fiction magazine
2520:(mid-1970s to mid-1980s)
2470:(mid-1960s to mid-1970s)
2449:The Ticket That Exploded
2407:(mid-1950s to mid-1960s)
2246:
2165:, and attempting to lay
2006:He became a member of a
1659:'s New York documentary
1655:In 1976, he appeared in
1577:City College of New York
1261:The Ticket That Exploded
807:William S. Burroughs Jr.
610:East St. Louis, Illinois
506:St. Louis, Missouri
495:Early life and education
298:St. Louis, Missouri
214:William S. Burroughs Jr.
200:Ilse Klapper (1937β1946)
8311:Novelists from Missouri
8291:LGBT people from Kansas
8251:Criminals from Missouri
8201:Beat Generation writers
8146:American male novelists
8131:American LGBT novelists
7630:Moody Street Irregulars
6748:Kaddish and Other Poems
6363:Short story collections
6332:The Place of Dead Roads
6318:Cities of the Red Night
5932:New York Public Library
5872:Naked Lens: Beat Cinema
5585:Harris, Oliver (2017).
5565:Grant, Douglas (2015).
5440:Cowan, Tommy P (2018).
5336:Cooper, Dennis (2003).
5185:McFarland & Company
4910:Here to Go: Planet R101
4885:www.realitysandwich.com
4636:Grant, Douglas (2003).
4328:Stevens, Matthew Levi.
4186:Stevens, Matthew Levi.
4130:Burroughs, William S.,
4000:On Burroughs and Dharma
3946:Stevens, Matthew Levi.
3933:Stevens, Matthew Levi.
3701:Johnson, Joyce (2012).
2532:The Place of Dead Roads
2526:Cities of the Red Night
2452:, also referred to as "
2358:The Exterminator: Redux
2240:Brion Gysin Dreamachine
2060:William Randolph Hearst
1759:The Place of Dead Roads
1753:Cities of the Red Night
1686:and concerts featuring
1571:Return to United States
1397:was featured in a 1959
646:1929 stock market crash
605:St. Louis Post-Dispatch
556:Los Alamos Ranch School
487:declared him "the only
189:The Place of Dead Roads
182:Cities of the Red Night
8356:Writers from St. Louis
8256:Critics of Scientology
8151:American male painters
8136:American LGBT painters
7697:Jan Kerouac (daughter)
6311:Blade Runner (a movie)
5889:Stevens, Mathew Levi.
5848:Johnson, Robert Earl.
5778:. Mandrake of Oxford.
5001:Burroughs, William S.
4379:Los Angeles Free Press
4341:William S. Burroughs,
4006:, No.71a, Winter 2014.
3902:"Burroughs: The Movie"
3768:"William S. Burroughs"
3756:on September 27, 2007.
2858:
2779:
2590:
2326:The Yage Letters Redux
2253:Bellefontaine Cemetery
2243:
2189:
2151:
2142:
1994:St. Louis Walk of Fame
1837:
1777:. Novelist and critic
1549:
1311:of Paris in 1959 when
960:
939:The Yage Letters Redux
900:, who wrote of her in
824:statute of limitations
684:Beginning of the Beats
638:
582:
419:, and traveled in the
8231:Bisexual male writers
8226:Bisexual male artists
8086:American bisexual men
7786:Kerouac, Then and Now
7231:The Town and the City
7211:The Sea Is My Brother
7135:Lawrence Ferlinghetti
6594:The Junky's Christmas
5811:Charters, Ann (ed.).
5746:Mexico City Collegian
4923:Technology of Writing
4854:, 1996. Published in
4850:"Grandpa From Hell",
4791:Viking Penguin, 1993.
4778:Viking Penguin, 1993.
4725:. Mandrake of Oxford.
4676:on December 11, 2010.
4223:Viking Penguin, 1993.
4207:Viking Penguin, 1993.
3750:Women of the Beat.org
3512:"William S Burroughs"
2850:Robert Anton Wilson,
2835:
2774:
2687:and, especially, the
2571:
2233:
2184:
2146:
2137:
2040:Kansas City, Missouri
2034:" by Irish rock band
1929:and Nelson Lyon, and
1860:Lawrence Ferlinghetti
1835:
1828:Later years in Kansas
1647:. It was reported in
1594:University at Buffalo
1553:Church of Scientology
1544:
1172:Black Mountain Review
1105:Further information:
955:
716:University of Chicago
644:. Shortly before the
642:Burroughs Corporation
633:
577:
552:John Burroughs Review
548:John Burroughs School
514:Burroughs Corporation
312:. Burroughs attended
306:Burroughs Corporation
8031:William S. Burroughs
7948:William S. Burroughs
7722:William S. Burroughs
7587:Love Always, Carolyn
7224:William S. Burroughs
7115:William S. Burroughs
6973:Corso: The Last Beat
6850:Wichita Vortex Sutra
6740:Howl and Other Poems
6615:Corso: The Last Beat
6210:William S. Burroughs
6032:William S. Burroughs
6023:William S. Burroughs
5701:. Red Wheel Weiser.
5481:faroutmagazine.co.uk
5262:. Arcade Publishing.
5068:P-Orridge, Genesis.
4906:Contemporary Artists
4736:Morgan, Ted (2014).
4644:. Rebel Satori Press
4295:P-Orridge, Genesis.
4246:Dent, John Yerbury.
4154:William S. Burroughs
3833:University of Kansas
3501:, prologue. Penguin.
2823:Peter Lamborn Wilson
2354:Minutes to Go: Redux
1201:Big Table No. 1
1079:confection known as
906:Burroughs: The Movie
397:unreliable narrators
381:"William Tell" stunt
350:1960s counterculture
32:William S. Burroughs
8221:Bisexual memoirists
8166:American occultists
8156:American male poets
8141:American LGBT poets
7989:Robert Anton Wilson
7775:Jack Kerouac School
7065:Central Park be-ins
7031:Six Gallery reading
6651:Joan Vollmer (wife)
6226:Novels and novellas
5799:Published materials
5739:"William Burroughs"
5374:"The 23 Phenomenon"
5370:Robert Anton Wilson
5325:. February 8, 2009.
5311:. Paris: Riveneuve.
5070:Thee Psychick Bible
4687:Rae, Casey (2019).
4593:"William Burroughs"
4448:, December 8, 2015.
4428:. February 5, 2014.
4066:Bill Morgan, 2006.
4004:Beat Scene Magazine
2827:Robert Anton Wilson
2743:Todd Tamanend Clark
2362:BATTLE INSTRUCTIONS
2065:Mexico City College
2032:Last Night on Earth
1840:Burroughs moved to
1781:panned the work in
1684:Robert Anton Wilson
1462:Lexington, Kentucky
1039:Palm Beach, Florida
828:Mexico City College
820:Angola State Prison
522:Palm Beach, Florida
508:. His grandfather,
65:St. Louis, Missouri
8206:Bisexual novelists
7969:Austin Osman Spare
7780:Jack Kerouac Alley
7611:Kill Your Darlings
7410:Old Angel Midnight
7013:Kill Your Darlings
6788:White Shroud Poems
6756:Reality Sandwiches
6629:Kill Your Darlings
6123:, January 30, 2015
6121:This American Life
6002:from 2000 to 2012.
5896:Stevens, Michael.
5678:. New York: Avon.
5646:Lee, Dave (1989).
5146:Kaos Magic Journal
4929:. John Calder Ltd.
4841:. John Calder Ltd.
4755:Crawdaddy Magazine
4532:www.riflemaker.org
4466:The New York Times
4349:. John Calder Ltd.
4068:I Celebrate Myself
3998:James Grauerholz,
3802:The New York Times
3667:The New York Times
3387:. New York: Avon.
3224:The New York Times
2640:, the philosopher
2499:The Adding Machine
2494:The Burroughs File
2428:cut-up and fold-in
2244:
2106:Hunter S. Thompson
2010:organization, the
1838:
1657:Rosa von Praunheim
1649:The New York Times
1558:Inside Scientology
1295:(President of the
1230:was prosecuted as
1192:Chicago Daily News
1083:and a German-made
1021:, then in 1977 as
842:Killing of Vollmer
732:Joan Vollmer Adams
707:Jefferson Barracks
596:Harvard University
586:Harvard University
583:
436:literary technique
314:Harvard University
304:, who founded the
109:Harvard University
8211:Bisexual painters
8018:
8017:
7918:Genesis P-Orridge
7799:
7798:
7795:
7794:
7563:The Subterraneans
7464:Atop an Underwood
7386:Mexico City Blues
7327:Desolation Angels
7319:Visions of Gerard
7303:Lonesome Traveler
7247:The Subterraneans
7222:(1945/2008; with
7153:
7152:
6689:
6688:
6488:Call Me Burroughs
6409:Essay collections
6339:The Western Lands
6276:Dead Fingers Talk
6147:. Fall 1965 (35).
5785:978-1-906958-64-0
5766:978-1-58435-010-1
5729:978-1-932595-94-9
5708:978-0-9713942-7-8
5640:978-0-8021-3694-7
5609:Grauerholz, James
5600:978-1-107-18445-9
5557:978-0-14-190358-3
5456:on March 19, 2022
5421:on March 19, 2022
5355:978-1-84195-412-7
5173:Chandarlapaty, R.
5132:New Falcon, 1995.
5091:978-0-646-53528-9
4957:My Kind of Angel,
4921:Burroughs, 1985.
4577:978-0-306-82218-6
4570:. Da Capo Press.
4468:, March 18, 1977.
3712:978-0-670-02510-7
3705:. Penguin Group.
3540:. New York City:
3516:Popsubculture.com
3497:Burroughs, 1977,
3484:Burroughs, 1992.
3204:978-1-85109-400-4
3048:, January 2, 1959
3026:, January 2, 1959
2727:Genesis P-Orridge
2703:fiction magazine
2538:The Western Lands
2405:The cut-up period
2209:Genesis P-Orridge
2050:Political beliefs
1986:President Clinton
1884:Throbbing Gristle
1765:The Western Lands
1727:Naropa University
1711:Boulder, Colorado
1668:Sylvère Lotringer
1278:in the 1960s and
1153:City Lights Books
935:City Lights Books
867:culpable homicide
796:Bellevue Hospital
776:Greenwich Village
618:Greenwich Village
421:Amazon rainforest
328:, he developed a
249:
248:
138:Literary movement
44:Burroughs in 1983
8368:
8276:ESP-Disk artists
8171:American outlaws
7964:Aleister Crowley
7933:Peter J. Carroll
7902:Synchromysticism
7847:Cut-up technique
7826:
7819:
7812:
7803:
7802:
7638:Minor Characters
7544:
7543:
7499:Blues and Haikus
7426:Book of Sketches
7343:Vanity of Duluoz
7180:
7173:
7166:
7157:
7156:
7037:Hydrogen Jukebox
6913:Deliberate Prose
6897:The Yage Letters
6716:
6709:
6702:
6693:
6692:
6671:James Grauerholz
6557:Cut-up technique
6456:The Yage Letters
6262:The Soft Machine
6203:
6196:
6189:
6180:
6179:
6148:
6145:The Paris Review
6091:Independent Lens
5980:Emory University
5922:Archival sources
5910:Wills, David S.
5877:Soft Skull Press
5869:Sargeant, Jack.
5841:Harris, Oliver.
5789:
5770:
5749:
5743:
5733:
5712:
5689:
5667:
5665:
5663:
5658:on June 12, 2018
5654:. Archived from
5634:
5604:
5581:
5579:
5577:
5561:
5532:
5531:
5526:
5524:
5505:
5499:
5498:
5493:
5491:
5485:Far Out Magazine
5472:
5466:
5465:
5463:
5461:
5437:
5431:
5430:
5428:
5426:
5402:
5396:
5395:
5393:
5391:
5382:. Archived from
5366:
5360:
5359:
5343:
5333:
5327:
5326:
5319:
5313:
5312:
5304:
5298:
5297:
5295:
5293:
5282:
5276:
5269:
5263:
5256:
5250:
5244:
5238:
5237:
5235:
5233:
5228:on March 3, 2008
5224:. Archived from
5211:
5205:
5198:
5192:
5170:
5164:
5163:
5155:
5149:
5139:
5133:
5126:
5120:
5103:
5094:
5079:
5073:
5065:
5059:
5051:
5045:
5039:
5033:
5027:
5021:
5020:
5012:
5006:
4998:
4989:
4984:Harris, Oliver.
4981:
4972:
4971:, Penguin, 1985.
4966:
4960:
4953:
4947:
4936:
4930:
4919:
4913:
4902:
4896:
4895:
4893:
4891:
4876:
4870:
4864:
4858:
4848:
4842:
4835:
4829:
4827:John Calder Ltd.
4815:
4809:
4798:
4792:
4785:
4779:
4772:
4766:
4765:
4759:re-published in
4758:
4750:
4744:
4743:
4733:
4727:
4726:
4718:
4707:
4706:
4699:
4693:
4692:
4684:
4678:
4677:
4660:
4654:
4653:
4651:
4649:
4633:
4627:
4626:
4624:
4622:
4607:
4601:
4600:
4589:
4583:
4581:
4558:
4552:
4542:
4536:
4535:
4524:
4518:
4517:, April 5, 2010.
4501:
4495:
4488:
4482:
4475:
4469:
4455:
4449:
4436:
4430:
4429:
4422:
4416:
4406:
4400:
4399:
4388:
4382:
4381:, March 6, 1970.
4372:
4366:
4365:, December 2011.
4356:
4350:
4339:
4333:
4326:
4320:
4319:
4311:
4300:
4292:
4277:
4270:
4264:
4257:
4251:
4244:
4238:
4237:
4230:
4224:
4217:
4208:
4202:
4191:
4184:
4178:
4171:
4165:
4150:
4144:
4141:
4135:
4128:
4122:
4121:
4103:
4097:
4080:James Grauerholz
4077:
4071:
4064:
4058:
4052:
4043:
4036:James Grauerholz
4033:
4027:
4016:
4007:
3996:
3985:
3974:
3968:
3957:
3951:
3944:
3938:
3931:
3925:
3919:
3910:
3909:
3898:
3892:
3891:
3889:
3887:
3876:
3870:
3869:
3867:
3865:
3850:
3844:
3843:
3841:
3839:
3820:
3814:
3813:
3811:
3809:
3792:
3783:
3782:
3780:
3778:
3764:
3758:
3757:
3752:. Archived from
3741:
3735:
3734:
3726:
3717:
3716:
3698:
3692:
3685:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3674:
3657:
3648:
3647:
3645:
3643:
3632:
3626:
3612:
3606:
3591:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3577:
3562:
3556:
3555:
3529:
3520:
3519:
3508:
3502:
3495:
3489:
3482:
3476:
3469:A Moveable Feast
3465:
3459:
3452:
3446:
3436:
3427:
3416:
3410:
3409:
3398:
3375:
3320:
3317:
3311:
3308:
3302:
3301:
3296:
3294:
3279:
3273:
3270:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3256:
3241:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3230:
3215:
3209:
3208:
3188:
3170:
3167:
3161:
3149:
3143:
3126:
3120:
3117:
3111:
3108:
3102:
3091:
3085:
3073:
3067:
3064:
3058:
3055:
3049:
3042:
3036:
3033:
3027:
3020:
3014:
3011:
3005:
3002:
2996:
2993:
2987:
2979:
2973:
2970:
2964:
2961:
2955:
2941:
2923:
2922:
2921:
2914:
2882:The Exterminator
2870:Mayan Long Count
2856:
2646:Michael Moorcock
2644:and the authors
2597:authorial intent
2588:
2559:literary critics
2454:The Nova Trilogy
2437:The Soft Machine
2412:cut-up technique
2396:The Yage Letters
2342:The Yage Letters
2312:2003 edition of
2263:Posthumous works
2217:Peter J. Carroll
2117:Second Amendment
2103:
2056:Westbrook Pegler
1953:David Cronenberg
1931:alternative rock
1915:Drugstore Cowboy
1842:Lawrence, Kansas
1808:liver transplant
1713:, at Ginsberg's
1599:James Grauerholz
1492:in covering the
1473:The Paris Review
1429:The London years
1379:cut-up technique
1358:first appeared.
1325:Maurice Girodias
1289:The Nova Trilogy
1255:The Soft Machine
1167:Maurice Girodias
1137:cut-up technique
965:cut-up technique
929:The Yage Letters
913:The Yage Letters
875:James Grauerholz
855:William Tell act
703:
544:Central West End
502:English ancestry
441:The Nova Trilogy
330:heroin addiction
279:
278:
275:
274:
271:
268:
265:
262:
245:
231:(maternal uncle)
175:The Nova Trilogy
82:Lawrence, Kansas
78:
62:February 5, 1914
61:
59:
42:
28:
27:
8376:
8375:
8371:
8370:
8369:
8367:
8366:
8365:
8331:Space advocates
8241:Chaos magicians
8021:
8020:
8019:
8014:
7993:
7952:
7943:Ralph Tegtmeier
7911:Notable figures
7906:
7897:Symbol of Chaos
7835:
7830:
7800:
7791:
7763:Beat Generation
7751:
7737:Carolyn Cassady
7685:
7666:
7617:
7535:
7478:
7451:
7445:Beat Generation
7432:
7402:Scattered Poems
7365:
7359:Orpheus Emerged
7335:Satori in Paris
7295:Visions of Cody
7255:The Dharma Bums
7198:
7189:
7184:
7154:
7149:
7091:
7048:Beat Generation
7019:
6920:
6900:(1963, letters)
6884:
6795:
6731:
6725:
6720:
6690:
6685:
6639:
6563:The Black Rider
6547:Beat Generation
6535:
6495:Dead City Radio
6475:
6443:
6404:
6385:Ah Pook Is Here
6358:
6325:Ghost of Chance
6221:
6212:
6207:
6019:
5924:
5903:Weidner, Chad.
5834:Gilmore, John.
5801:
5796:
5794:Further reading
5786:
5767:
5741:
5730:
5722:. Feral House.
5709:
5686:
5661:
5659:
5623:
5601:
5575:
5573:
5558:
5540:
5535:
5522:
5520:
5519:. March 8, 2016
5517:The Beat Museum
5507:
5506:
5502:
5489:
5487:
5473:
5469:
5459:
5457:
5438:
5434:
5424:
5422:
5403:
5399:
5389:
5387:
5386:on May 26, 2012
5367:
5363:
5356:
5340:My Loose Thread
5334:
5330:
5321:
5320:
5316:
5305:
5301:
5291:
5289:
5284:
5283:
5279:
5270:
5266:
5257:
5253:
5245:
5241:
5231:
5229:
5212:
5208:
5200:Wilson, Scott.
5199:
5195:
5171:
5167:
5156:
5152:
5140:
5136:
5127:
5123:
5118:Wayback Machine
5104:
5097:
5080:
5076:
5066:
5062:
5052:
5048:
5040:
5036:
5028:
5024:
5013:
5009:
4999:
4992:
4982:
4975:
4967:
4963:
4954:
4950:
4938:interviewed by
4937:
4933:
4920:
4916:
4903:
4899:
4889:
4887:
4877:
4873:
4865:
4861:
4849:
4845:
4836:
4832:
4821:, published in
4816:
4812:
4804:, published in
4799:
4795:
4786:
4782:
4773:
4769:
4760:
4751:
4747:
4734:
4730:
4719:
4710:
4701:
4700:
4696:
4685:
4681:
4662:
4661:
4657:
4647:
4645:
4634:
4630:
4620:
4618:
4608:
4604:
4599:on May 6, 2013.
4591:
4590:
4586:
4578:
4559:
4555:
4549:October Gallery
4543:
4539:
4526:
4525:
4521:
4511:Wayback Machine
4502:
4498:
4489:
4485:
4476:
4472:
4456:
4452:
4437:
4433:
4424:
4423:
4419:
4407:
4403:
4390:
4389:
4385:
4373:
4369:
4357:
4353:
4345:, published in
4340:
4336:
4327:
4323:
4312:
4303:
4293:
4280:
4271:
4267:
4258:
4254:
4245:
4241:
4232:
4231:
4227:
4218:
4211:
4203:
4194:
4185:
4181:
4172:
4168:
4151:
4147:
4142:
4138:
4129:
4125:
4118:
4104:
4100:
4078:
4074:
4065:
4061:
4053:
4046:
4034:
4030:
4020:The Ugly Spirit
4017:
4010:
3997:
3988:
3980:, published in
3975:
3971:
3963:, published in
3958:
3954:
3945:
3941:
3932:
3928:
3920:
3913:
3900:
3899:
3895:
3885:
3883:
3878:
3877:
3873:
3863:
3861:
3851:
3847:
3837:
3835:
3821:
3817:
3807:
3805:
3793:
3786:
3776:
3774:
3766:
3765:
3761:
3742:
3738:
3727:
3720:
3713:
3699:
3695:
3686:
3682:
3672:
3670:
3658:
3651:
3641:
3639:
3624:
3616:McCusker, J. J.
3604:
3596:McCusker, J. J.
3592:
3585:
3575:
3573:
3563:
3559:
3552:
3536:, eds. (2000).
3530:
3523:
3510:
3509:
3505:
3496:
3492:
3483:
3479:
3466:
3462:
3453:
3449:
3437:
3430:
3417:
3413:
3406:Literary Outlaw
3395:
3376:
3323:
3318:
3314:
3309:
3305:
3292:
3290:
3280:
3276:
3271:
3264:
3254:
3252:
3242:
3238:
3228:
3226:
3216:
3212:
3205:
3189:
3182:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3164:
3156:
3150:
3146:
3137:
3127:
3123:
3118:
3114:
3109:
3105:
3092:
3088:
3080:
3074:
3070:
3065:
3061:
3056:
3052:
3043:
3039:
3034:
3030:
3021:
3017:
3012:
3008:
3003:
2999:
2994:
2990:
2980:
2976:
2971:
2967:
2962:
2958:
2949:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2929:
2919:
2917:
2909:
2907:
2901:
2874:Terence McKenna
2862:2012 phenomenon
2857:
2849:
2739:Laurie Anderson
2618:
2609:
2589:
2586:
2563:Anatole Broyard
2555:
2370:
2265:
2249:
2207:, Dave Lee and
2125:
2123:Magical beliefs
2101:
2052:
1944:The Black Rider
1921:Dead City Radio
1880:Laurie Anderson
1864:Herbert Marcuse
1830:
1784:Saturday Review
1779:Anthony Burgess
1737:liver cirrhosis
1723:Chogyam Trungpa
1717:poetry school (
1581:Lower East Side
1573:
1431:
1418:little magazine
1350:, Ginsberg and
1305:
1272:Ian Sommerville
1203:; however, the
1109:
1103:
1035:
947:
916:
844:
815:
800:common-law wife
728:
701:
686:
654:
629:Literary Outlaw
588:
565:chloral hydrate
497:
489:American writer
452:, or otherwise
346:Beat Generation
282:Beat Generation
259:
255:
227:
201:
186:
179:
172:
165:
150:science fiction
142:Beat Generation
124:Beat literature
80:
76:
63:
57:
55:
54:
45:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
8374:
8364:
8363:
8358:
8353:
8348:
8343:
8338:
8333:
8328:
8323:
8318:
8313:
8308:
8303:
8298:
8293:
8288:
8283:
8278:
8273:
8268:
8263:
8258:
8253:
8248:
8243:
8238:
8233:
8228:
8223:
8218:
8216:Bisexual poets
8213:
8208:
8203:
8198:
8193:
8188:
8183:
8178:
8173:
8168:
8163:
8158:
8153:
8148:
8143:
8138:
8133:
8128:
8123:
8118:
8113:
8108:
8103:
8098:
8093:
8088:
8083:
8078:
8073:
8068:
8063:
8058:
8053:
8048:
8043:
8038:
8033:
8016:
8015:
8013:
8012:
8007:
8001:
7999:
7995:
7994:
7992:
7991:
7986:
7981:
7976:
7971:
7966:
7960:
7958:
7954:
7953:
7951:
7950:
7945:
7940:
7935:
7930:
7925:
7923:Grant Morrison
7920:
7914:
7912:
7908:
7907:
7905:
7904:
7899:
7894:
7889:
7884:
7879:
7874:
7869:
7864:
7859:
7854:
7849:
7843:
7841:
7837:
7836:
7829:
7828:
7821:
7814:
7806:
7797:
7796:
7793:
7792:
7790:
7789:
7782:
7777:
7772:
7771:
7770:
7759:
7757:
7753:
7752:
7750:
7749:
7744:
7739:
7734:
7729:
7724:
7719:
7714:
7712:Allen Ginsberg
7709:
7704:
7699:
7693:
7691:
7687:
7686:
7684:
7683:
7674:
7672:
7668:
7667:
7665:
7664:
7661:You'll be Okay
7658:
7654:Door Wide Open
7650:
7642:
7634:
7625:
7623:
7619:
7618:
7616:
7615:
7607:
7599:
7591:
7583:
7575:
7567:
7559:
7550:
7548:
7541:
7537:
7536:
7534:
7533:
7525:
7517:
7511:
7503:
7495:
7486:
7484:
7480:
7479:
7477:
7476:
7468:
7459:
7457:
7453:
7452:
7450:
7449:
7440:
7438:
7434:
7433:
7431:
7430:
7422:
7418:Book of Haikus
7414:
7406:
7398:
7390:
7382:
7373:
7371:
7367:
7366:
7364:
7363:
7355:
7347:
7339:
7331:
7323:
7315:
7307:
7299:
7291:
7283:
7279:Book of Dreams
7275:
7271:Maggie Cassidy
7267:
7259:
7251:
7243:
7235:
7227:
7215:
7206:
7204:
7200:
7199:
7194:
7191:
7190:
7183:
7182:
7175:
7168:
7160:
7151:
7150:
7148:
7147:
7142:
7137:
7132:
7127:
7122:
7117:
7112:
7109:Louis Ginsberg
7106:
7103:Peter Orlovsky
7099:
7097:
7093:
7092:
7090:
7089:
7082:
7077:
7072:
7067:
7062:
7057:
7056:
7055:
7045:
7040:
7033:
7027:
7025:
7021:
7020:
7018:
7017:
7009:
7001:
6993:
6985:
6977:
6969:
6961:
6953:
6945:
6937:
6928:
6926:
6922:
6921:
6919:
6918:
6917:(2000, essays)
6909:
6901:
6892:
6890:
6886:
6885:
6883:
6882:
6875:
6868:
6860:
6853:
6846:
6839:
6832:
6825:
6818:
6811:
6810:" (late 1940s)
6803:
6801:
6797:
6796:
6794:
6793:
6784:
6776:
6768:
6760:
6752:
6744:
6735:
6733:
6727:
6726:
6723:Allen Ginsberg
6719:
6718:
6711:
6704:
6696:
6687:
6686:
6684:
6683:
6678:
6676:Allen Ginsberg
6673:
6668:
6663:
6658:
6653:
6647:
6645:
6641:
6640:
6638:
6637:
6632:
6625:
6618:
6611:
6604:
6597:
6590:
6582:
6574:
6566:
6559:
6554:
6549:
6543:
6541:
6537:
6536:
6534:
6533:
6526:
6519:
6512:
6505:
6498:
6491:
6483:
6481:
6477:
6476:
6474:
6473:
6466:
6459:
6451:
6449:
6445:
6444:
6442:
6441:
6434:
6427:
6424:The Third Mind
6420:
6412:
6410:
6406:
6405:
6403:
6402:
6399:The Third Mind
6395:
6388:
6381:
6374:
6366:
6364:
6360:
6359:
6357:
6356:
6353:The Cat Inside
6349:
6342:
6335:
6328:
6321:
6314:
6307:
6304:Port of Saints
6300:
6293:
6286:
6279:
6272:
6265:
6258:
6251:
6244:
6237:
6229:
6227:
6223:
6222:
6217:
6214:
6213:
6206:
6205:
6198:
6191:
6183:
6177:
6176:
6172:Sensitive Skin
6164:
6155:
6149:
6130:
6129:
6124:
6114:
6108:
6097:
6082:
6077:
6071:
6066:
6061:
6052:
6043:
6038:
6029:
6018:
6017:External links
6015:
6014:
6013:
6008:
6003:
5993:
5983:
5973:
5967:
5961:
5955:
5945:
5935:
5923:
5920:
5919:
5918:
5915:
5908:
5901:
5894:
5887:
5880:
5867:
5862:Miles, Barry.
5860:
5855:Kashner, Sam,
5853:
5846:
5839:
5832:
5809:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5791:
5790:
5784:
5771:
5765:
5759:. Zone Books.
5750:
5734:
5728:
5713:
5707:
5690:
5684:
5668:
5643:
5621:
5605:
5599:
5582:
5562:
5556:
5550:. Penguin UK.
5539:
5536:
5534:
5533:
5500:
5467:
5432:
5397:
5361:
5354:
5328:
5314:
5299:
5277:
5264:
5251:
5239:
5206:
5193:
5165:
5150:
5134:
5121:
5095:
5074:
5060:
5046:
5034:
5022:
5007:
4990:
4973:
4961:
4948:
4931:
4925:, included in
4914:
4897:
4871:
4859:
4843:
4830:
4810:
4802:Ports of Entry
4793:
4780:
4767:
4745:
4742:. p. 252.
4728:
4708:
4694:
4679:
4655:
4628:
4602:
4584:
4576:
4562:Jourgensen, Al
4553:
4537:
4519:
4496:
4483:
4470:
4462:"The Pop Life"
4450:
4431:
4417:
4401:
4383:
4367:
4351:
4334:
4321:
4301:
4278:
4265:
4252:
4239:
4225:
4209:
4192:
4179:
4166:
4158:Reaktion Books
4145:
4136:
4123:
4117:978-0500284384
4116:
4098:
4072:
4059:
4056:Biography.com.
4044:
4028:
4008:
3986:
3969:
3961:Ports of Entry
3952:
3939:
3926:
3911:
3893:
3871:
3845:
3815:
3784:
3759:
3746:"Joan Vollmer"
3736:
3718:
3711:
3693:
3680:
3649:
3633:1800βpresent:
3583:
3557:
3551:978-0802136947
3550:
3544:. p. 21.
3521:
3503:
3490:
3486:The Cat Inside
3477:
3460:
3447:
3428:
3411:
3393:
3321:
3312:
3303:
3274:
3262:
3236:
3210:
3203:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3171:
3162:
3144:
3121:
3112:
3103:
3086:
3068:
3059:
3050:
3037:
3028:
3015:
3006:
2997:
2988:
2974:
2965:
2956:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2927:
2903:Main article:
2900:
2897:
2878:Jose ArgΓΌelles
2864:, a belief of
2847:
2803:Poppy Z. Brite
2770:Ira Silverberg
2693:William Gibson
2662:William Gibson
2642:Gilles Deleuze
2617:
2614:
2608:
2605:
2584:
2575:Matthew Arnold
2567:Philip Toynbee
2554:
2551:
2543:
2542:
2521:
2510:
2509:
2489:Port of Saints
2477:The Third Mind
2471:
2464:
2463:
2432:The Word Hoard
2423:The Word Hoard
2408:
2401:
2400:
2380:
2369:
2366:
2264:
2261:
2248:
2245:
2234:Burroughs and
2124:
2121:
2088:Thurston Moore
2051:
2048:
2001:bypass surgery
1902:Smack My Crack
1829:
1826:
1676:Keith Richards
1572:
1569:
1490:Terry Southern
1430:
1427:
1352:Peter Orlovsky
1344:Harold Chapman
1340:boarding house
1304:
1301:
1183:Chicago Review
1178:Chicago Review
1147:Excerpts from
1102:
1097:
1034:
1031:
1003:Allen Ginsberg
946:
943:
915:
910:
898:Allen Ginsberg
843:
840:
814:
811:
788:Allen Ginsberg
727:
724:
685:
682:
653:
650:
587:
584:
546:. He attended
496:
493:
473:Jonathan Swift
338:Allen Ginsberg
247:
246:
238:
237:
233:
232:
221:
217:
216:
211:
207:
206:
198:
194:
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157:
153:
152:
139:
135:
134:
121:
117:
116:
106:
102:
101:
98:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
79:(aged 83)
75:August 2, 1997
73:
69:
68:
51:
47:
46:
43:
35:
34:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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8029:
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8011:
8008:
8006:
8003:
8002:
8000:
7998:Organisations
7996:
7990:
7987:
7985:
7984:Postmodernism
7982:
7980:
7979:Kenneth Grant
7977:
7975:
7974:Discordianism
7972:
7970:
7967:
7965:
7962:
7961:
7959:
7955:
7949:
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7738:
7735:
7733:
7732:Joyce Johnson
7730:
7728:
7725:
7723:
7720:
7718:
7717:Gregory Corso
7715:
7713:
7710:
7708:
7705:
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7584:
7581:
7580:
7576:
7573:
7572:
7568:
7565:
7564:
7560:
7557:
7556:
7555:Pull My Daisy
7552:
7551:
7549:
7545:
7542:
7538:
7531:
7530:
7526:
7523:
7522:
7518:
7515:
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7509:
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7407:
7404:
7403:
7399:
7396:
7395:
7391:
7388:
7387:
7383:
7380:
7379:
7378:Pull My Daisy
7375:
7374:
7372:
7368:
7361:
7360:
7356:
7353:
7352:
7348:
7345:
7344:
7340:
7337:
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7332:
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7328:
7324:
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7320:
7316:
7313:
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7297:
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7273:
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7176:
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7169:
7167:
7162:
7161:
7158:
7146:
7143:
7141:
7138:
7136:
7133:
7131:
7130:Gregory Corso
7128:
7126:
7123:
7121:
7118:
7116:
7113:
7110:
7107:
7104:
7101:
7100:
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7078:
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7039:
7038:
7034:
7032:
7029:
7028:
7026:
7022:
7015:
7014:
7010:
7007:
7006:
7002:
6999:
6998:
6997:The Chicago 8
6994:
6991:
6990:
6986:
6983:
6982:
6981:I'm Not There
6978:
6975:
6974:
6970:
6967:
6966:
6962:
6959:
6958:
6954:
6951:
6950:
6946:
6943:
6942:
6938:
6935:
6934:
6933:Pull My Daisy
6930:
6929:
6927:
6923:
6916:
6914:
6910:
6907:
6906:
6902:
6899:
6898:
6894:
6893:
6891:
6887:
6880:
6879:Plutonian Ode
6876:
6873:
6869:
6866:
6865:
6861:
6858:
6854:
6851:
6847:
6844:
6840:
6837:
6833:
6830:
6826:
6823:
6819:
6816:
6812:
6809:
6808:Pull My Daisy
6805:
6804:
6802:
6798:
6791:
6789:
6785:
6782:
6781:
6777:
6774:
6773:
6769:
6766:
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6761:
6758:
6757:
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6710:
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6703:
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6694:
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6677:
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6662:
6659:
6657:
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6649:
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6619:
6617:
6616:
6612:
6610:
6609:
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6603:
6602:
6598:
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6560:
6558:
6555:
6553:
6550:
6548:
6545:
6544:
6542:
6538:
6532:
6531:
6530:Tony Trischka
6527:
6525:
6524:
6520:
6518:
6517:
6513:
6511:
6510:
6506:
6504:
6503:
6499:
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6421:
6419:
6418:
6414:
6413:
6411:
6407:
6401:
6400:
6396:
6394:
6393:
6392:Tornado Alley
6389:
6387:
6386:
6382:
6380:
6379:
6378:Exterminator!
6375:
6373:
6372:
6368:
6367:
6365:
6361:
6355:
6354:
6350:
6348:
6347:
6343:
6341:
6340:
6336:
6334:
6333:
6329:
6327:
6326:
6322:
6320:
6319:
6315:
6313:
6312:
6308:
6306:
6305:
6301:
6299:
6298:
6297:The Wild Boys
6294:
6292:
6291:
6287:
6285:
6284:
6280:
6278:
6277:
6273:
6271:
6270:
6266:
6264:
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6259:
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6242:
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6230:
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6211:
6204:
6199:
6197:
6192:
6190:
6185:
6184:
6181:
6174:
6173:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:excerpt from
6159:
6156:
6153:
6150:
6146:
6142:
6137:
6136:
6135:
6134:
6128:
6125:
6122:
6118:
6117:Burroughs 101
6115:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6103:
6102:
6098:
6096:
6092:
6088:
6087:
6083:
6081:
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5873:
5868:
5865:
5861:
5858:
5854:
5851:
5847:
5844:
5840:
5837:
5833:
5830:
5829:0-14-015102-8
5826:
5822:
5821:0-670-83885-3
5818:
5814:
5810:
5807:
5803:
5802:
5787:
5781:
5777:
5772:
5768:
5762:
5758:
5757:
5751:
5747:
5740:
5735:
5731:
5725:
5721:
5720:
5714:
5710:
5704:
5700:
5696:
5691:
5687:
5685:0-8050-0901-9
5681:
5677:
5673:
5669:
5657:
5653:
5649:
5644:
5641:
5637:
5632:
5628:
5624:
5622:0-8021-3694-X
5618:
5614:
5610:
5606:
5602:
5596:
5592:
5588:
5583:
5572:
5568:
5563:
5559:
5553:
5549:
5548:
5542:
5541:
5530:
5518:
5514:
5510:
5504:
5497:
5486:
5482:
5478:
5471:
5455:
5451:
5447:
5443:
5436:
5420:
5416:
5412:
5408:
5401:
5390:September 25,
5385:
5381:
5380:
5379:Fortean Times
5375:
5371:
5365:
5357:
5351:
5347:
5342:
5341:
5332:
5324:
5318:
5310:
5303:
5287:
5281:
5274:
5268:
5261:
5255:
5248:
5243:
5227:
5223:
5222:
5221:The Telegraph
5217:
5210:
5203:
5197:
5190:
5186:
5182:
5181:Jefferson, NC
5178:
5174:
5169:
5161:
5154:
5147:
5143:
5138:
5131:
5125:
5119:
5115:
5112:
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4997:
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4493:
4487:
4480:
4474:
4467:
4463:
4459:
4454:
4447:
4446:
4441:
4438:Marzoni, A.,
4435:
4427:
4421:
4414:
4410:
4405:
4397:
4393:
4387:
4380:
4376:
4371:
4364:
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3623:
3622:
3617:
3610:
3603:
3602:
3597:
3590:
3588:
3572:
3568:
3561:
3553:
3547:
3543:
3539:
3535:
3528:
3526:
3517:
3513:
3507:
3500:
3494:
3487:
3481:
3474:
3470:
3464:
3457:
3451:
3444:
3443:J. G. Ballard
3440:
3435:
3433:
3426:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3407:
3403:
3399:re-published
3396:
3394:0-8050-0901-9
3390:
3386:
3385:
3380:
3374:
3372:
3370:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3362:
3360:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3352:
3350:
3348:
3346:
3344:
3342:
3340:
3338:
3336:
3334:
3332:
3330:
3328:
3326:
3316:
3307:
3300:
3289:
3285:
3278:
3269:
3267:
3251:
3247:
3240:
3225:
3221:
3214:
3206:
3200:
3196:
3195:
3187:
3185:
3180:
3166:
3159:
3154:
3148:
3140:
3135:
3134:The Wild Boys
3131:
3125:
3116:
3107:
3100:
3096:
3090:
3083:
3078:
3072:
3063:
3054:
3047:
3041:
3032:
3025:
3019:
3010:
3001:
2992:
2984:
2978:
2969:
2960:
2952:
2946:
2940:
2936:
2926:
2916:
2915:
2912:
2906:
2896:
2894:
2890:
2885:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2855:
2854:
2853:Fortean Times
2846:
2844:
2840:
2834:
2832:
2828:
2824:
2819:
2817:
2815:
2810:
2809:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2784:
2783:Dennis Cooper
2778:
2773:
2771:
2767:
2762:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2707:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2681:
2679:
2678:Carl Weissner
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2654:Angela Carter
2651:
2650:J. G. Ballard
2647:
2643:
2639:
2636:
2632:
2631:Peter Ackroyd
2628:
2623:
2622:Norman Mailer
2613:
2604:
2602:
2601:New Criticism
2598:
2592:
2583:
2581:
2576:
2570:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2550:
2548:
2540:
2539:
2534:
2533:
2528:
2527:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2512:
2511:
2507:
2506:
2505:Exterminator!
2501:
2500:
2495:
2491:
2490:
2485:
2484:
2483:The Wild Boys
2479:
2478:
2472:
2469:
2466:
2465:
2461:
2460:
2455:
2451:
2450:
2445:
2444:
2439:
2438:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2424:
2419:
2418:
2413:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2402:
2398:
2397:
2392:
2391:
2386:
2385:
2381:
2379:(early 1950s)
2378:
2375:
2374:
2373:
2365:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2309:
2307:
2306:0-670-81351-6
2303:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2286:
2284:
2280:
2279:
2274:
2270:
2260:
2259:(1857β1898).
2258:
2254:
2241:
2237:
2236:David Woodard
2232:
2228:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2188:
2183:
2179:
2176:
2175:Graham Greene
2171:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2150:
2145:
2141:
2136:
2134:
2130:
2120:
2118:
2114:
2111:
2107:
2099:
2095:
2094:
2093:Guns and Ammo
2089:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2072:
2070:
2066:
2061:
2057:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2021:
2015:
2013:
2009:
2004:
2002:
1997:
1995:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1974:Al Jourgensen
1971:
1968:According to
1966:
1962:
1960:
1959:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1945:
1940:
1939:Robert Wilson
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1922:
1917:
1916:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1890:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1843:
1834:
1825:
1823:
1822:
1815:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1800:
1798:
1797:J. G. Ballard
1794:
1790:
1786:
1785:
1780:
1776:
1771:
1767:
1766:
1761:
1760:
1755:
1754:
1748:
1746:
1745:Thomas Starzl
1742:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1707:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1680:Timothy Leary
1677:
1673:
1669:
1664:
1662:
1658:
1653:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1641:Dennis Hopper
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1568:
1566:
1565:
1564:Rolling Stone
1560:
1559:
1554:
1548:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1532:
1530:
1529:
1528:The Wild Boys
1524:
1523:
1517:
1511:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1500:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1474:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1446:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1426:
1424:
1423:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1411:
1406:
1402:
1401:
1396:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1363:mirror-gazing
1359:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1348:Gregory Corso
1345:
1341:
1337:
1332:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1321:Olympia Press
1318:
1314:
1310:
1309:Latin Quarter
1300:
1298:
1294:
1293:Oliver Harris
1290:
1286:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1268:
1263:
1262:
1257:
1256:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1224:Mary McCarthy
1221:
1216:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1174:
1173:
1168:
1164:
1163:Olympia Press
1160:
1159:
1154:
1150:
1145:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1108:
1101:
1096:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1060:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
999:
993:
991:
987:
983:
982:
976:
972:
971:Oliver Harris
968:
966:
959:
954:
952:
942:
940:
936:
932:
930:
925:
921:
914:
909:
907:
903:
899:
894:
892:
891:
886:
882:
881:
876:
870:
868:
862:
860:
856:
851:
849:
839:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
810:
808:
803:
801:
797:
793:
792:Lewis Wolberg
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
768:
766:
765:Penguin Books
762:
758:
757:
752:
747:
745:
741:
737:
733:
723:
721:
717:
713:
708:
702:1-A infantry,
699:
695:
691:
681:
677:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
649:
647:
643:
637:
632:
630:
625:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
606:
601:
597:
593:
581:
576:
572:
570:
566:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
540:
538:
534:
530:
525:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
492:
490:
486:
485:Norman Mailer
482:
481:J. G. Ballard
478:
474:
471:writer since
470:
466:
462:
457:
455:
451:
447:
443:
442:
437:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
393:
391:
390:
386:
382:
378:
373:
371:
367:
363:
362:
357:
356:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
294:
292:
287:
283:
277:
253:
244:
239:
234:
230:
226:(grandfather)
225:
222:
218:
215:
212:
208:
204:
199:
195:
191:
190:
184:
183:
177:
176:
170:
169:
163:
162:
158:
156:Notable works
154:
151:
147:
146:postmodernism
143:
140:
136:
133:
129:
125:
122:
118:
114:
110:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
74:
70:
66:
52:
48:
41:
36:
29:
26:
22:
7947:
7928:Lionel Snell
7840:Key concepts
7784:
7721:
7707:Neal Cassady
7677:
7660:
7652:
7646:Off the Road
7644:
7636:
7628:
7609:
7601:
7593:
7585:
7577:
7569:
7561:
7553:
7527:
7519:
7513:
7505:
7497:
7489:
7470:
7462:
7443:
7424:
7416:
7408:
7400:
7392:
7384:
7381:(late 1940s)
7377:
7357:
7349:
7341:
7333:
7325:
7317:
7309:
7301:
7293:
7285:
7277:
7269:
7261:
7253:
7245:
7237:
7229:
7223:
7217:
7209:
7196:Bibliography
7187:Jack Kerouac
7140:Jack Kerouac
7125:Neal Cassady
7114:
7086:Off the Road
7084:
7035:
7011:
7003:
6995:
6988:
6979:
6971:
6963:
6956:
6947:
6939:
6931:
6911:
6908:(1970 album)
6903:
6895:
6862:
6786:
6780:Mind Breaths
6778:
6770:
6762:
6754:
6746:
6738:
6627:
6620:
6613:
6606:
6599:
6592:
6585:
6577:
6569:
6561:
6528:
6521:
6514:
6507:
6500:
6493:
6486:
6468:
6461:
6454:
6436:
6429:
6422:
6415:
6397:
6390:
6383:
6376:
6369:
6351:
6344:
6337:
6330:
6323:
6316:
6309:
6302:
6295:
6288:
6283:Nova Express
6281:
6274:
6267:
6260:
6253:
6246:
6239:
6232:
6219:Bibliography
6209:
6170:
6144:
6132:
6131:
6100:
6085:
6058:
5911:
5904:
5897:
5890:
5883:
5875:. New York:
5870:
5863:
5856:
5849:
5842:
5835:
5812:
5805:
5775:
5755:
5745:
5718:
5698:
5675:
5660:. Retrieved
5656:the original
5651:
5612:
5590:
5574:. Retrieved
5571:AshΓ© Journal
5570:
5546:
5528:
5521:. Retrieved
5512:
5503:
5495:
5488:. Retrieved
5480:
5470:
5458:. Retrieved
5454:the original
5449:
5445:
5435:
5423:. Retrieved
5419:the original
5414:
5410:
5400:
5388:. Retrieved
5384:the original
5377:
5372:(May 2007).
5364:
5339:
5331:
5317:
5308:
5302:
5292:February 25,
5290:. Retrieved
5280:
5272:
5267:
5259:
5254:
5242:
5230:. Retrieved
5226:the original
5219:
5209:
5201:
5196:
5176:
5168:
5159:
5153:
5148:No. 1, 1994.
5145:
5141:
5137:
5129:
5128:Hine, Phil.
5124:
5106:
5082:
5077:
5069:
5063:
5055:
5049:
5042:
5041:Hine, Phil.
5037:
5030:
5029:Hine, Phil.
5025:
5016:
5010:
5002:
4985:
4968:
4964:
4956:
4951:
4943:
4934:
4926:
4922:
4917:
4909:
4905:
4900:
4890:February 15,
4888:. Retrieved
4884:
4874:
4867:
4862:
4855:
4851:
4846:
4838:
4833:
4822:
4818:
4813:
4805:
4801:
4796:
4788:
4783:
4775:
4770:
4761:
4754:
4748:
4738:
4731:
4722:
4697:
4688:
4682:
4674:the original
4667:
4658:
4646:. Retrieved
4642:AshΓ© Journal
4641:
4631:
4619:. Retrieved
4616:lawrence.com
4615:
4605:
4597:the original
4587:
4566:
4556:
4540:
4531:
4522:
4514:
4499:
4491:
4486:
4478:
4473:
4465:
4453:
4443:
4434:
4420:
4412:
4404:
4395:
4386:
4378:
4370:
4362:
4354:
4346:
4342:
4337:
4329:
4324:
4315:
4296:
4273:
4268:
4260:
4255:
4247:
4242:
4228:
4220:
4204:
4187:
4182:
4174:
4169:
4153:
4148:
4139:
4131:
4126:
4107:
4101:
4091:
4087:
4083:
4075:
4067:
4062:
4039:
4031:
4023:
4019:
4003:
3999:
3981:
3977:
3972:
3964:
3960:
3955:
3950:pp. 124β125.
3947:
3942:
3934:
3929:
3921:
3905:
3896:
3884:. Retrieved
3874:
3862:. Retrieved
3858:
3848:
3836:. Retrieved
3829:lawrence.com
3828:
3818:
3806:. Retrieved
3800:
3775:. Retrieved
3771:
3762:
3754:the original
3749:
3739:
3730:
3702:
3696:
3688:
3683:
3671:. Retrieved
3665:
3642:February 29,
3640:. Retrieved
3620:
3600:
3574:. Retrieved
3570:
3560:
3537:
3534:Douglas, Ann
3518:. Biography.
3515:
3506:
3498:
3493:
3485:
3480:
3472:
3468:
3463:
3455:
3450:
3438:
3424:The Guardian
3422:
3414:
3405:
3383:
3315:
3306:
3298:
3291:. Retrieved
3288:Open Culture
3287:
3277:
3253:. Retrieved
3250:the Guardian
3249:
3239:
3227:. Retrieved
3223:
3213:
3193:
3165:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3138:
3133:
3129:
3124:
3115:
3106:
3098:
3094:
3089:
3081:
3077:Interviewer:
3076:
3071:
3062:
3053:
3045:
3040:
3031:
3023:
3018:
3009:
3000:
2991:
2982:
2977:
2968:
2959:
2950:
2944:
2939:
2899:Bibliography
2888:
2886:
2881:
2859:
2851:
2843:Nova Express
2842:
2838:
2836:
2820:
2812:
2806:
2799:Splatterpunk
2780:
2775:
2764:In the film
2763:
2715:Roger Waters
2704:
2697:John Shirley
2682:
2638:Lester Bangs
2619:
2610:
2593:
2591:
2579:
2572:
2556:
2546:
2544:
2536:
2530:
2524:
2515:
2513:
2503:
2497:
2493:
2487:
2481:
2475:
2467:
2457:
2447:
2443:Nova Express
2441:
2435:
2431:
2421:
2415:
2404:
2394:
2388:
2382:
2376:
2371:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2350:Nova Express
2349:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2310:
2298:Viking Press
2293:
2289:
2287:
2282:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2266:
2250:
2212:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2172:
2154:
2152:
2147:
2143:
2138:
2126:
2110:.454 caliber
2091:
2073:
2053:
2038:, filmed in
2029:
2020:The Dark Eye
2018:
2016:
2005:
1998:
1991:
1967:
1963:
1956:
1942:
1919:
1913:
1910:Gus Van Sant
1901:
1887:
1872:Bill Laswell
1868:
1849:
1846:Viking Press
1839:
1819:
1816:
1803:
1801:
1782:
1774:
1769:
1763:
1762:(1983), and
1757:
1751:
1749:
1732:Ann Charters
1708:
1700:Debbie Harry
1696:Philip Glass
1665:
1660:
1654:
1648:
1644:
1633:Susan Sontag
1609:Led Zeppelin
1602:
1589:rent control
1574:
1562:
1556:
1550:
1545:
1533:
1526:
1520:
1516:Antony Balch
1512:
1508:Chuck Barris
1503:
1497:
1477:
1471:
1465:
1458:Kentucky Ham
1457:
1453:
1447:
1442:
1438:
1432:
1421:
1408:
1405:Jeff Nuttall
1398:
1394:
1385:
1383:
1360:
1355:
1333:
1328:
1312:
1306:
1267:Nova Express
1265:
1264:(1962), and
1259:
1253:
1247:
1243:
1241:
1227:
1217:
1212:
1200:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1176:
1170:
1156:
1148:
1146:
1128:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1110:
1099:
1092:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1061:
1054:
1036:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
996:
994:
989:
985:
979:
974:
969:
961:
956:
948:
938:
927:
917:
912:
905:
901:
895:
889:
878:
871:
863:
852:
845:
836:R. H. Barlow
816:
804:
769:
754:
748:
736:Jack Kerouac
729:
712:exterminator
698:World War II
694:Pearl Harbor
687:
678:
666:LGBT culture
658:anthropology
655:
639:
634:
628:
626:
603:
589:
551:
541:
537:totem animal
526:
498:
458:
439:
394:
387:
385:manslaughter
377:Joan Vollmer
374:
365:
359:
353:
342:Jack Kerouac
318:anthropology
295:
290:
284:and a major
251:
250:
203:Joan Vollmer
187:
180:
173:
166:
159:
77:(1997-08-02)
25:
8041:1997 deaths
8036:1914 births
7833:Chaos magic
7747:Gary Snyder
7727:Lucien Carr
7633:(1978β1992)
7595:On The Road
7456:Other books
7239:On the Road
7145:Gary Snyder
7120:Lucien Carr
7075:Human Be-In
6889:Other works
6790:: 1980β1985
6764:Planet News
6732:collections
6681:Brion Gysin
6666:Lucien Carr
6578:Naked Lunch
6523:Seven Souls
6448:Non-fiction
6255:Naked Lunch
6059:Naked Lunch
5672:Morgan, Ted
5513:kerouac.com
5189:pp. 142β146
5054:Lee, Dave.
4940:John Tytell
4852:L.A. Weekly
4152:Baker, P.,
4082:writes, in
3906:Janus Films
3886:February 7,
3864:February 7,
3808:February 7,
3673:October 22,
3613:1700β1799:
3593:1634β1699:
3542:Grove Press
3402:Morgan, Ted
3379:Morgan, Ted
2839:Naked Lunch
2759:Kurt Cobain
2723:Patti Smith
2719:David Bowie
2670:Kathy Acker
2635:rock critic
2607:Photography
2417:Naked Lunch
2324:(2010) and
2314:Naked Lunch
2193:chaos magic
2084:Sonic Youth
2080:.38 Special
2044:Sophie Dahl
2025:Annabel Lee
2014:, in 1993.
2008:chaos magic
1982:White House
1958:Naked Lunch
1935:Sonic Youth
1927:Hal Willner
1906:Matt Dillon
1704:Chris Stein
1672:Frank Zappa
1629:Patti Smith
1621:John Giorno
1617:Andy Warhol
1504:Naked Lunch
1443:Naked Lunch
1435:apomorphine
1415:avant garde
1395:Naked Lunch
1391:Grove Press
1386:Naked Lunch
1356:Naked Lunch
1329:Naked Lunch
1313:Naked Lunch
1276:Grove Press
1249:Naked Lunch
1228:Naked Lunch
1213:Naked Lunch
1209:John Ciardi
1197:Jack Mabley
1187:Naked Lunch
1149:Naked Lunch
1133:Brion Gysin
1129:Naked Lunch
1121:Naked Lunch
1107:Naked Lunch
1100:Naked Lunch
1093:Naked Lunch
1065:Naked Lunch
1047:Paul Bowles
890:in absentia
859:amphetamine
784:amphetamine
761:Grove Press
751:Lucien Carr
740:Edie Parker
720:Lucien Carr
622:Kansas City
600:Adams House
477:sardonicism
425:Brion Gysin
401:Mexico City
389:in absentia
370:Grove Press
366:Naked Lunch
361:Naked Lunch
291:William Lee
205:(1946β1951)
178:(1961β1964)
168:Naked Lunch
92:William Lee
8346:Uxoricides
8025:Categories
7957:Influences
7867:Initiation
7857:Entheogens
7571:Heart Beat
7263:Doctor Sax
7060:Beat Hotel
6989:Chicago 10
6949:The Source
6864:Iron Horse
6552:Beat Hotel
6480:Recordings
6133:Interviews
5652:Chaotopia!
5109:Online at
4664:"Overview"
4458:Palmer, R.
4409:Bockris, V
4040:Word Virus
3772:64parishes
3576:August 14,
3571:Flavorwire
3255:August 28,
3229:August 28,
3176:References
3082:Burroughs:
2791:John Rechy
2787:Jean Genet
2755:Gary Numan
2731:Ian Curtis
2701:slipstream
2666:Alan Moore
2658:Jean Genet
2523:The books
2377:Early work
2294:Evil River
2290:Last Words
2273:Word Virus
2269:Word Virus
2163:possession
2067:under the
1793:world view
1688:The B-52's
1613:Jimmy Page
1567:magazine.
1482:Jean Genet
1410:My Own Mag
1336:Beat Hotel
1327:published
1244:Word Hoard
1195:columnist
1165:publisher
1141:Beat Hotel
1043:Alan Ansen
1011:Ace Double
990:Word Virus
951:possession
924:telepathic
885:Ted Morgan
848:Benzedrine
780:Benzedrine
286:postmodern
128:surrealism
97:Occupation
58:1914-02-05
7938:Phil Hine
7887:Servitors
7742:Alene Lee
7287:Tristessa
7105:(partner)
6915:1952β1995
6635:23 enigma
6570:Burroughs
6371:Interzone
6162:RE/Search
6158:Interview
6089:site for
5879:, 2008 .
5523:August 8,
5490:August 8,
5460:March 15,
5425:March 15,
5187:, 2019),
4648:March 31,
4272:Lee Hill
4175:Interzone
4160:, 2010),
4156:(London:
4093:Interzone
4088:Interzone
4084:Interzone
3689:Interzone
3488:. Viking.
3419:Biography
3404:(2012) .
3142:Burroughs
2983:possessed
2932:Footnotes
2925:Biography
2831:23 Enigma
2751:Tom Waits
2747:John Zorn
2706:Interzone
2689:cyberpunk
2674:Ken Kesey
2516:Red Night
2459:Interzone
2332:released
2205:Phil Hine
2155:practiced
2086:vocalist
1972:frontman
1912:'s film,
1898:Tom Waits
1894:Nick Cave
1604:Crawdaddy
1486:John Sack
1381:emerged.
1375:telepathy
1125:nonlinear
1077:marijuana
1073:Interzone
1056:Interzone
1007:Ace Books
690:U.S. Army
580:St. Louis
469:satirical
236:Signature
220:Relatives
105:Education
7877:Playback
7852:Egregore
7622:Writings
7111:(father)
6881:" (1978)
6874:" (1975)
6859:" (1971)
6852:" (1966)
6845:" (1961)
6838:" (1958)
6831:" (1956)
6824:" (1956)
6817:" (1956)
5674:(1988).
5631:57590795
5232:March 3,
5114:Archived
4825:(1970).
4507:Archived
3838:July 28,
3777:July 10,
3618:(1992).
3598:(1997).
3381:(1988).
3293:March 9,
2848:β
2814:Repo Man
2795:Ginsberg
2735:Lou Reed
2685:New Wave
2585:β
2557:Several
2320:(2003),
2221:Ian Read
2201:playback
2131:and the
2076:Colt .45
1978:syringes
1970:Ministry
1955:adapted
1876:Material
1789:pederast
1756:(1981),
1715:Buddhist
1625:Lou Reed
1536:playback
1531:(1971).
1258:(1961),
1111:Whereas
772:morphine
718:student
569:Santa Fe
560:journals
531:and the
446:mystical
433:aleatory
411:and the
364:(1959).
334:morphine
324:and the
210:Children
89:Pen name
7882:Scrying
7768:Beatnik
7603:Big Sur
7540:Related
7311:Big Sur
7203:Fiction
7053:Beatnik
7024:Related
6843:Kaddish
6822:America
6540:Related
6034:at the
5662:June 8,
5576:June 8,
5538:Sources
4946:(1998).
4912:(1982).
4839:The Job
4823:The Job
4669:msn.com
4621:May 24,
4445:ARTnews
4347:The Job
4134:, p.32.
3982:The Job
3859:Esquire
2866:New Age
2801:writer
2518:trilogy
2238:with a
2159:scrying
2098:Beretta
2069:GI Bill
1949:Hamburg
1804:Esquire
1692:Suicide
1499:Esquire
1478:Playboy
1467:Playboy
1367:scrying
1317:Tangier
1285:collage
1232:obscene
1139:at the
1089:Eukodol
1087:called
1033:Tangier
832:codices
674:Croatia
592:Clayton
518:Ivy Lee
454:magical
417:Morocco
310:Ivy Lee
229:Ivy Lee
185:(1981)
7892:Sigils
7862:Gnosis
7690:People
7682:(2009)
7663:(2007)
7657:(2002)
7649:(1990)
7641:(1987)
7614:(2013)
7606:(2013)
7598:(2012)
7590:(2011)
7582:(2010)
7574:(1980)
7566:(1960)
7558:(1959)
7532:(1999)
7524:(1997)
7516:(1990)
7510:(1960)
7502:(1960)
7494:(1959)
7475:(1993)
7467:(1991)
7448:(2005)
7429:(2006)
7421:(2003)
7413:(1973)
7405:(1971)
7397:(1960)
7389:(1959)
7370:Poetry
7362:(2002)
7354:(1971)
7346:(1968)
7338:(1966)
7330:(1965)
7322:(1963)
7314:(1962)
7306:(1960)
7298:(1960)
7290:(1960)
7282:(1960)
7274:(1959)
7266:(1959)
7258:(1958)
7250:(1958)
7242:(1957)
7234:(1950)
7214:(1942)
7096:People
7016:(2013)
7008:(2010)
7000:(2010)
6992:(2009)
6984:(2007)
6976:(2007)
6968:(2005)
6960:(2000)
6952:(1999)
6944:(1993)
6936:(1959)
6867:(1973)
6792:(1986)
6783:(1978)
6775:(1973)
6767:(1968)
6759:(1963)
6751:(1961)
6743:(1956)
6730:Poetry
6644:People
6588:(film)
6580:(film)
6572:(film)
6241:Junkie
5831:(pbk).
5827:
5823:(hc);
5819:
5782:
5763:
5726:
5705:
5682:
5638:
5629:
5619:
5597:
5554:
5352:
5089:
4574:
4332:p.129.
4162:p. 118
4114:
3937:p.125.
3709:
3548:
3391:
3201:
2911:Portal
2793:, and
2633:, the
2616:Legacy
2486:, and
2384:Junkie
2304:
2242:, 1997
2197:cut-up
2167:curses
2133:occult
2113:pistol
2078:and a
1775:Cities
1770:Cities
1698:, and
1631:, and
1540:curses
1488:, and
1371:trance
1161:; and
1113:Junkie
1085:opioid
1081:majoun
1069:Junkie
1019:Junkie
998:Junkie
662:Weimar
614:Harlem
533:occult
450:occult
429:cut-up
405:London
355:Junkie
197:Spouse
192:(1983)
171:(1959)
164:(1953)
161:Junkie
132:satire
100:Author
84:, U.S.
67:, U.S.
7756:Other
7671:Audio
7547:Films
7483:Audio
7437:Plays
6925:Films
6800:Poems
6586:Queer
6248:Queer
5742:(PDF)
4969:Queer
4959:1998.
4190:p.50.
4026:2001.
3922:Queer
3625:(PDF)
3605:(PDF)
3499:Junky
3475:2001.
3456:Junky
3099:wills
2948:area?
2627:prose
2390:Queer
2338:Queer
2247:Death
2129:magic
1933:band
1851:Queer
1721:) at
1645:Junky
1454:Speed
1422:Nomad
1334:The "
1117:Queer
1023:Junky
975:Queer
880:Queer
782:, an
664:-era
529:magic
431:, an
409:Paris
120:Genre
7579:Howl
7005:Howl
6957:Beat
6836:Ignu
6829:Howl
6601:Beat
6106:IMDb
6027:IMDb
5988:and
5825:ISBN
5817:ISBN
5780:ISBN
5761:ISBN
5724:ISBN
5703:ISBN
5680:ISBN
5664:2018
5636:ISBN
5627:OCLC
5617:ISBN
5595:ISBN
5578:2018
5552:ISBN
5525:2024
5492:2024
5462:2020
5427:2020
5392:2008
5350:ISBN
5294:2012
5234:2008
5087:ISBN
4892:2021
4650:2012
4623:2010
4572:ISBN
4112:ISBN
3888:2015
3866:2015
3840:2008
3810:2015
3779:2024
3707:ISBN
3675:2007
3644:2024
3578:2020
3546:ISBN
3389:ISBN
3295:2021
3257:2021
3231:2021
3199:ISBN
3095:will
2954:1986
2876:and
2757:and
2695:and
2672:and
2565:and
2535:and
2514:The
2502:and
2393:and
2356:and
2348:and
2340:and
2302:ISBN
1896:and
1878:and
1702:and
1682:and
1637:CBGB
1585:YMCA
1496:for
1456:and
1400:Life
1373:and
1242:The
1175:and
1158:Howl
1115:and
920:yagΓ©
763:and
744:G.I.
738:and
670:Nazi
616:and
340:and
326:Navy
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50:Born
7872:Kia
7351:Pic
6119:by
6104:at
6095:PBS
6093:on
6057:of
6048:at
6025:at
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3471:in
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