Luo people - Knowledge

3708:"When the time of the inheritance comes the ideology of seniority is respected: the elder son receives the largest share, followed in the order of seniority. If it is the land to be divided, for instance, the land of the old grandfather's homestead, the senior son gets the middle piece, the second the land to the right hand side of the homestead, and the third son takes the land on the left hand side. After the father's death the senior son takes over the responsibilities of leadership. These groups when considered in terms of genealogy, are people of the same grandfather, and are known in Dholuo as Jokakwaro. They share sacrifices under the leadership of the senior brother. If the brother is dead the next brother in seniority takes the leadership of senior brother. The responsibility and prestige position of leadership is that it puts one into the primary position in harvesting, cultivation, as well as in eating specified parts of the animal killed, usually the best parts. It is the senior brother, who is leading in the group, who can first own the fishing boat. Since it is he who will be communicating with the ancestors of their father or grandfather, it is he who will conduct or lead the sacrifices of religiousity of the boat, as we have noted earlier. The system of the allocation of land by the father while he is still alive is important since it will coincide with the system of inheritance of land. The principle of the division of the land in monogamous families is rather simple and straightforward. The senior son takes the centre portion of all the land of the homestead up to and beyond the gate or to the buffer zone; the second son then has the remainder of the land to divide with the other brothers. If the land is divided among the elder sons after they are married, and take to live in their lands, it often happens that a youngest son remains in the village of the father to care for him in his old age. His inheritance is the last property, called Mondo and the remaining gardens of his mother. In the case of a polygamous village, the land is divided along the same lines, except that within the village, the sons claim the area contiguous to the houses of their mother. Each wife and her children are regarded as if the group constituted was the son of a single woman.By that I mean the children of the senior wife, Mikayi, are given that portion of the total area which could have been given to the senior son in a monogamous family. The sons of Nyachira, the second wife, and the sons of Reru, the third wife, lay claim to those portions which would have fallen to the second and third sons of Mikayi in a monogamous village". 3715:"Outside the homestead enclosure, or (where there is no more enclosure) beyond and before its houses, Luo people have favored a layout of fields that in some ways reflects placements of houses within. The following pattern, as described in Gordon Wilson's work from the 1950s, is still discernable in our times—not just in informants’ sketches of their ideals, but also in the allocations of real lands where space has allowed following suit. If there is more than one son in a monogamous homestead, the eldest takes land in front of or to the right of the entrance, and the second son takes land on the left. The third receives land to the right and center again, but farther from the father's homestead. The fourth son, if there is one, goes to the left but farther from the paternal homestead than the second. Further sons alternate right and left. While elder sons might thus receive larger shares than the younger ones, the youngest takes over the personal garden (mondo) kept by the father for his own use—as if as a consolation prize". 3438: 3736: 2378:) in both Northern and Southern Nyanza. These defensive earth works would curve around living areas surrounding them. Some of these defensive structures enclosed several hundred houses. Archaeological and ethnographic analyses of the sites have shown that the spatial organisation of these structures most closely resembles the layout of traditional Luo homesteads. Ceramic analysis also confirms continuity between the earliest inhabitants of these sites and Luo speakers. With the arrival of the Europeans, these sites were slowly vacated as colonial administration established peace in the region. The families living in the enclosures moved out into individual homesteads using 3868: 2680:(1952–60). Instead, they used their education to advance the cause of independence peacefully. An intense propaganda campaign by the colonial government effectively discouraged other Kenyan communities, settlers and the international community from sympathising with the movement by emphasising on real and perceived acts of barbarism perpetrated by the Mau Mau. Although a much smaller number of Europeans lost their lives compared to Africans during the uprising, each individual European loss of life was publicised in disturbing detail, emphasising elements of betrayal and bestiality. As a result, the protest was mainly supported by the 3908: 2350: 3796: 3814: 3926: 3832: 3775: 3754: 3944: 3304:

as the Vice-Chairman of the National Council of Elders. During the last years of his reign, he argued that Raila was deterring the Luo People to grow democratically and economically with his style of polictics. Ker Riaga Ogalo died in 2015 after a kidney infection at the Kenyatta National Hospital. The Council's wrangles continued after his demise with Willis Opiyo Otondi still claiming to be the legitimate ker rivalled by Ker Nyandiko Ong'adi who was elected by the Luo Council of Elders in 2015 to replace ker Riaga Ogalo.

4001: 2717: 3850: 4022: 3890: 2585:(Voice of the People) movement. Colonial authorities would come to praise him as having re-directed the political movement, which was thought of as premature. However, locals perceived him as their advocate. He started the Kavirondo Taxpayers Welfare Association and became its president, offering Africans an avenue through which they could address their grievances. However, he concentrated primarily on welfare issues and avoided politics that would upset colonial authorities. 2514:, Mumbo to spread his teachings. The colonial government recognized this movement as a threat to their authority because of the Mumbo creed. Mumbo pledged to drive out the colonialists and their supporters and condemned their religion. Since violent resistance had been proven to be futile as the Africans were outmatched technologically, this movement focused on anticipating the end of colonialism, rather than actively inducing it. This movement was classified as a 3983: 2203: 1617: 2414:. Another 300 people in the Uyoma resistance were killed by an expedition led by Sir Charles Horbley (Bwana Obila Muruayi) when they were confiscating Luo cattle to help feed the Indian workers who were building the Uganda railway. Following these clashes, Luo spiritual leaders advised the people to actively cooperate with the British. By 1900, the Luo chief Odera was providing 1,500 porters for a British expedition against the 105: 262: 1918: 61: 2366:, the director of the British Institute of History and Archaeology in East Africa was the first to assert that the site was likely to have been constructed before the arrival of Luo speakers. This assertion is poorly supported archaeologically, however, because most of the stone walled structures are dated to within the period of Luo expansion. Nevertheless, Luo speakers maintained 3602: 1961:, and date to 3000 BC. Kadero contains the remains of a cattle pastoralist culture as well as a cemetery with skeletal remains featuring Sub-Saharan African phenotypes. It also contains evidence of other animal domestication, artistry, long-distance trade, seed cultivation and fish consumption. Genetic and linguistic studies have demonstrated that 3965: 2856:, a prominent anti-colonial activist, Odinga's chief tactician and link to the eastern bloc was assassinated on 25 February 1965 in what is recognised as Kenya's first political assassination. Odinga became increasingly sidelined in government and was eventually compelled to resign and start his own political party – the 2430: 2944:, the Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1990. Economic and political marginalisation of the community and disastrous economic management in Kenya, particularly under the KANU party's administration of the nascent state, had tragic consequences for the people of Kenya. Despite the economic potential of nearby 4878:

Tishkoff, S. A.; Reed, F. A.; Friedlaender, F. R.; Ehret, C.; Ranciaro, A.; Froment, A.; Hirbo, J. B.; Awomoyi, A. A.; Bodo, J.-M.; Doumbo, O.; Ibrahim, M.; Juma, A. T.; Kotze, M. J.; Lema, G.; Moore, J. H.; Mortensen, H.; Nyambo, T. B.; Omar, S. A.; Powell, K.; Pretorius, G. S.; Smith, M. W.; Thera,

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The Luo successfully expanded their culture through intermarriage with other groups in the region, and many Luo today continue to marry outside the Luo community. This mainly acceptable since it is an exogamous community with restrictions at clan level both paternally and maternally. The traditional

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Ker Riaga Ogalo is credited for having progressive ideas of all modern Luo Kers by championing for circumcision of the Luo men to help in the fight against HIV/AIDS. Circumcision was alien to the Luo tradition but his leadership made many hearts to accept the new changes. Ker Riaga Ogalo also served

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could only leave office under two conditions, resignation or death. Ker Riaga Ogalo argued that he had not resigned nor died to warrant the appointment of another Ker while Opiyo Otondi argued that he was the duly elected Ker of the Luo people. Ker Riaga Ogalo represented Raila in numerous political

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in 2009 published the largest study done to characterise genetic variation and relationships among populations in Africa. They examined 121 African populations, 4 African American populations and 60 non-African populations. Their results indicated a high degree of mixed ancestry reflecting migration

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The Luo music was shaped by the total way of life, lifestyles, and life patterns of individuals of this community. Because of that, the music had characteristics which distinguished it from that of other communities. This can be seen, heard, and felt in their melodies, rhythms, mode of presentation

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started the Luo Thrift and Trading Corporation (LUTATCO) after noting that Luo business owners, who were the most financially independent Africans, loathed education. He also sought to uplift the economic status of the Luo community whilst proving that education was useful for business. The LUTATCO

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Paul Hebinck and Nelson Mango explain in detail the family and inheritance system of the Luo in their article "Land and embedded rights: An analysis of land conflicts in Luoland, Western Kenya." Parker MacDonald Shipton also writes extensively about kinship, family and inheritance among the Luo in

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Adamson (1967) commented that Luos clad in their traditional costumes and ornaments deserve their reputation as the most picturesque people in Kenya. During most of their performances, the Luo wore costumes and decorated themselves not only to appear beautiful, but also to enhance their movements.

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had strong support amongst the Luo. The Kenyatta government persecuted this party. A security Act was passed in Parliament in July 1966 that permitted the government to carry out detention without trial ostensibly to maintain law and order in situations where the current order was threatened. This

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started the Kenya Federation of Labour (KFL), which quickly became the most active political body in Kenya, representing all the trade unions. Mboya's successes in trade unionism earned him respect and admiration. Mboya established international connections, particularly with labour leaders in the

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Luo expansion into these already inhabited areas led to trade, conflict, conquest, inter-marriage and cultural assimilation. The previous inhabitants were pushed by Luo speakers to their present day boundaries. Luo customs and habits also changed as they adopted the culture of the communities with

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The melodies in Luo music were lyrical, with a lot of vocal ornamentations. These ornaments came out clearly, especially when the music carried an important message. Their rhythms were characterized by a lot of syncopation and acrusic beginning. These songs were usually presented in solo-response

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Traditionally, music was the most widely practiced art in the Luo community. At any time of day or night, music would be made. Music was not played for its own sake. Music was functional, being used for ceremonial, religious, political, or incidental purposes. Music was performed during funerals

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Another unique characteristic in the Luo music is the introduction of yet another chant at the middle of a musical performance. The singing stops, the pitch of the musical instruments go down and the dance becomes less vigorous as an individual takes up the performance is self-praise. This is

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led to a coalition government with Raila Odinga receiving the new position of Prime Minister. The ethnic rivalry between the Kikuyu and the Luo underscores deeply rooted historical issues that involve access to resources and power. This rivalry continues to shape Kenya's political trajectory.

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laboratory also noted similar findings. They found that mutation frequencies in the Luo were much more similar to those of the surrounding Bantu speakers. They suggested that Luo speakers in East Africa may not always have been socially disadvantaged as they migrated into territories already

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style, although some were solo performances. The most common forms of solo performances were chants. These chants were recitatives with irregular rhythms and phrases, which carried serious messages. Most of the Luo dances were introduced by these chants. One example is the dudu dance.

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The dance styles in the Luo folk music were elegant and graceful. They involved either the movement of one leg in the opposite direction with the waist in step with the syncopated beats of the music or the shaking of the shoulders vigorously, usually to the tune of the

4803: 3257:, the act of sharing produce with people who were struck by famine was a common tradition with Kisumo being one of the renowned marketplaces where those who were struck by famine never missed the generosity of their Luo counterparts. The concept of a Luo ruler 3410:

Historically, couples were introduced to each other by matchmakers, but this is not common now. Like many other communities in Kenya, marriage practices among the Luo have been changing and some people are moving away from the traditional way of doing things.

3468:), during courtship, etc. Work songs also existed. These were performed both during communal work like building, weeding, etc. and individual work like pounding of cereals, or winnowing. Music was also used for ritual purposes like chasing away evil spirits 2476:

It remains unclear whether Luo people westernised due to colonial pressure or they readily accepted aspects of western culture. However, by the 1930s, the Luo way of life had changed significantly and westernized. Some suggest that the efforts of Chiefs

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As Luo speakers migrated deeper into western Kenya, they encountered the descendants of various people who had long occupied the region. The great lakes region has been inhabited since the early Stone Age. The Kanysore culture, located at Gogo falls in

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who had been imprisoned following the crackdown on the Mau Mau uprising. He made this call at a Legislative council debate. He endured months of persecution for taking this stand before it became the rallying call for the African nationalist movement.

2832:(KANU) party. The Luo and the Kikuyu inherited the bulk of political power in the first years following Kenya's independence in 1963. However, differences with Kenyatta caused Odinga to defect from the party and abandon the vice presidency in 1966. 2306:, are thought to have reached western Kenya by 1000 BC. They brought with them iron-forging technology and novel farming techniques, turning the great lakes region into one of Africa's main population centres and earliest iron smelting regions. The 3423:, involves a payment of money to the mother of the bride; the second stage involves giving cattle to her father. Often these two steps are carried out at the same time, and, as many modern Luos are Christians, a church ceremony often follows. 2876:

intrigues reached their peak in 1969. Since Odinga's exit from KANU, the Luo increasingly became politically marginalised. Argwings Kodhek, the pioneering Mau Mau lawyer died in a car crash under mysterious circumstances on 29 January 1969.

2869:(the secretary general of the Kenya Petroleum Oil Workers Union), Oluande Koduol (Oginga Odinga's private secretary) and Peter Ooko (the general secretary of the East African Common Services Civil Servants Union) and detained without trial. 3452:), to praise the departed, to console the bereaved, to keep people awake at night, and to express pain and agony. It was also used during cleansing and chasing away of spirits. Music was also played during ceremonies like beer parties ( 3252:

presided over. Sub-tribe relations with each other was ad-hoc as there was no single ruler of the Luo people. Sub-tribes came together during calamities, war, and natural disasters like drought, famines, and floods to help each other.

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were accused of involvement and detained without trial for several months. These events led to many years of marginalisation of the Luo community. The perception of marginalisation was further enforced by the murder of

1949:. They practiced a mixed economy of cattle pastoralism, fishing and seed cultivation. Some of the earliest archaeological findings on record, which describe a similar culture to this from the same region, are found at 3156:

ancestry, amongst others, to varying degrees. They also found that, by and large, genetic clusters were consistent with linguistic classification, with notable exceptions including the Luo of Kenya. Despite being

5901:, Volume A-L. Second Revised Edition. Edited by Bobbie Jane Van Dolson and Leo R. Van Dolson. "Commentary Reference Series," Volume 10. Hagerstown, MD: Review and Herald Publishing Association, 1996. pp. 300–301. 3625:, or English are sung to a lively guitar riff. It originated in the 1950s with Luo musicians like George Ramogi and Ochieng' Kabaselle trying to adapt their traditional dance rhythms to western instruments. The 2620:, an organisation that represented the interests of the greater Luo Peoples in East Africa. Oginga Odinga would become a Key political figure in Kenya. He first ventured into politics when he joined the 3248:, who was part of the council of elders. The council also had a spokesperson who talked on behalf of the council in official matters in village market meetings, religious, and cultural ceremonies that 2665: 3170:

inhabited by Bantu speakers. This is in keeping with oral history, which affirms that large groups of Bantu speakers adopted Luo language, culture and customs that were dominant at the time.

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from at least 1000 AD continuing up until the early 20th century. Some authors note that the early phases of this expansion coincide with the collapse of the Christian Nubian kingdoms of

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people. As they moved into Kenya and Tanzania, they underwent significant genetic and cultural admixture as they encountered other communities that were long established in the region.

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stepped into the limelight and became one of the major figures in the struggle for Kenya's independence. His intelligence, discipline, oratory and organisational skills set him apart.

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actively sought to influence local policy making and win allies resulting in a proxy cold war in Kenya. Local politics became enmeshed with cold war ideological divisions. Odinga and

2700:, was involved in the African nationalist movement. He was imprisoned and tortured by the colonial authorities on suspicions that he was involved in the Mau Mau rebellion. Luo lawyer 3049:

Despite the polarised politics that have led to economic and political marginalisation, several members of the Luo community continue to achieve prominence in Kenya. These include,

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scholarship program in order to address the issue of a lack of African skilled labour. Over 800 Kenyans and East Africans benefited from this program including environmentalist and

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Achilles Gautier. The faunal remains of the Early Neolithic site Kadero, Central Sudan. Archaeology of Early Northeastern Africa Studies in African Archaeology 9. Available from:

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who ruled with the assistance of elders who were traditionally men of status gained through commerce, wealth, war, or eloquence. Many villages came together to form a sub-tribe -

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Following the suppression of the Mau Mau uprising and containment of Kikuyu politicians, Luo anticolonial activists filled the gap, achieving prominence on the political scene.

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Oral history and genealogical evidence have been used to estimate timelines of Luo expansion into and within Kenya and Tanzania. Four major waves of migrations into the former

7157: 1789: 2426:. They worked to submit the Luo to colonial control and administration. Within a few decades, traditional leaders and political structures were replaced by colonial chiefs. 6556: 3943: 4844:

Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Nilotic". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

3867: 4635:, as superintendent of the Seventh-day Adventist Mission in British East Africa from 1906–1921, he compiled and published the first Dholuo grammar and dictionary. 1777:'s intellectual and skilled labour force in various professions. They also engage in various trades, such as tenant fishing, small-scale farming, and urban work. 3795: 3295:

in 2010 to replace Ker Riaga Ogalo. Traditionally, the Ker was elected by a Council of Elders and was not appointed as it happened with Opondo Otondi, and a Luo

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Traditionally, the names given to children often reflected the conditions of the mother's pregnancy or delivery (including, for example, the time or season).

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Brown, Stephen (October 2001). "Authoritarian leaders and multiparty elections in Africa: How foreign donors help to keep Kenya's Daniel arap Moi in power".

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which they interacted. Conflict and raids in this diverse area led to the development of defensive savanna architecture, typified by the stone walled ruins,

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in the English language and English ways. European education carried out by the Christian missionaries also played a role in the westernization of the Luo.

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Dale, Darla; Ashley, Ceri Z. (April 2010). "Holocene hunter-fisher-gatherer communities: new perspectives on Kansyore Using communities of Western Kenya".

3849: 3649: 5070:"'Pride of Africa: Kenya celebrates Nyong'o's Oscar". Boston Herald. 3 March 2014. Archived from the original on 9 March 2014. Retrieved 5 September 2014. 7584: 3437: 2672:

The Luo generally were not dispossessed of their land by white settlers, avoiding the fate that befell the pastoral ethnic groups inhabiting the Kenyan "

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to writing. He produced a textbook of grammar and started translating the bible into Dholuo. Catholic missionaries and Anglican missionaries through the

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was dominant from 650 BC to 550 BC. This culture was found in northern Nyanza. Bantu speaking groups found in the Lake Victoria basin today include the

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Traditionally, the Luo people were a patriarchal society with a decentralized government system. The family was headed by the father or the first wife

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was released from detention in 1971. The government continued to discourage his active participation in politics as he could not run for office in the

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forums and helped build Raila Odinga's political career contrary to the requirements of the council during the days they were in good talking terms.

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populations that surround them. They suggest that this indicates a high degree of admixture occurred during the southward migration of Southern Luo.

2701: 2194:. The present-day Kenya Luo traditionally consist of 27 tribes, each in turn composed of various clans and sub-clans ("Jo-" indicates "people of"). 7251: 3543:, the headgear, shield and spear, reed hats, and clubs, among others. All these costumes and ornaments were made from locally available materials. 3093:, the first science professor in East and Central Africa and first black East African to study and lecture science courses at Makerere university; 2738: 2684:

who began the uprising. Luo supporters of Mau Mau and those deemed by the colonial government to support it were imprisoned as well. Most notably,

6482: 6466: 3244:, from all the villages in their territory. The Luos organized their defense and security at the sub-tribe level which was headed by a commander, 7043: 6818: 6172:

Airlift to America. How Barack Obama Sr., John F. Kennedy, Tom Mboya, and 800 East African Students Changed Their World and Ours by Tom Shachtman

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Rilly, Claude (2016). "The Wadi Howar Diaspora and its role in the spread of East Sudanic languages from the fourth to the first millennia BCE".

4047: 3674: 3666: 1997:. These studies suggest that populations closely related to Nilotic people long inhabited the Nile valley as far as Southern Egypt in antiquity. 6946: 1696:(13.37%). The Tanzanian Luo population was estimated at 1.1 million in 2001 and 3.4 million in 2020. They are part of a larger group of related 4416: 3454: 3066: 3311:. Attempts to centralize the Luo people under one authority have not been easy given their history with a decentralized government structure. 2449:(Present day Malawi). The first mission was opened with the assistance of German missionary Abraham C. Enns, in November 1906 at Gendia Hill, 1973:

and other East African populations. Nubians are considered to be descendants of the early inhabitants of the Nile valley who later formed the

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Joyce, Thomas Athol (1911). "Kavirondo". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 701.

4421: 3813: 3753: 1250: 2741:(ICFTU). He used these connections and his international celebrity status to counter moves by the colonial government Tom Mboya started the 4139: 7101: 6348: 6831: 4000: 3448: 2852:

leader, criticised the Kenyatta government for adopting a corrupt land redistribution policy that did not benefit the poor and landless.

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were held in London to discuss Kenya's independence and constitutional framework. Tom Mboya and Oginga Odinga enlisted the assistance of

2565:(Voice of the People) culminated in a large mass meeting held in December 1921 advocating for individual title deeds, getting rid of the 6652:

Wood ET, Stover DA, Ehret C, Destro-Bisol G, Spedini G, McLeod H, Louie L, Bamshad M, Strassmann BI, Soodyall H, Hammer MF (July 2005).

6576:"Key points: Kenya power-sharing deal". BBC News. 28 February 2008. Archived from the original on 6 April 2008. Retrieved 13 April 2008. 3925: 3831: 2704:, the first East African to obtain a law degree, became known as the Mau Mau lawyer as he would successfully defend Africans accused of 7123: 3907: 3029:

following the 2007 general elections. The campaign and election period were heavily polarised along ethnic lines. Raila Odinga led the

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Horsby, Charles (20 May 2012). "How attempted takeover of Moi Government by rebels flopped". Standard Digital. Retrieved 23 June 2018

3126: 3082: 1844: 1829: 1813: 7138: 5218: 3774: 3464: 2881:, widely touted as the heir apparent to Kenyatta, was assassinated 6 months after on 5 July 1969. The political tension led to the 2632:. This was an African nationalist organisation that demanded amongst other things, access to white owned land. It was multitribal. 2553:

was organised by Daudi Basudde. He raised concerns about the damaging implications on African land ownership by switching from the

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Hollfelder, Nina; Schlebusch, Carina M.; Günther, Torsten; Babiker, Hiba; Hassan, Hisham Y.; Jakobsson, Mattias (24 August 2017).

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that took root in South Nyanza. In 1913, Onyango Dunde of central Kavirondo proclaimed to have been sent by the serpent goddes of

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Freedom and suffering. Chapter in: Kenya: Between Hope and Despair, 1963 – 2011 by Daniel Branch. Yale University Press. Nov 2011

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seat has been claimed by different factions of Luo council of elders that started with the appointment of Willis Opiyo Otondi by

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would not go into national politics and when Jaramogi Oginga Odinga went into national politics in 1957, he had to quit being a

2242:) followed soon after (1598–1625). A miscellaneous group composed of the Suba, Sakwa, Asembo, Uyoma and Kano then followed. The 6599: 6553: 5734:

Lane, Paul; Ashley, Ceri; Oteyo, Gilbert (January 2006). "New Dates for Kansyore and Urewe Wares from Northern Nyanza, Kenya".

2964: 2676:". Many Luo played significant roles in the struggle for Kenyan independence, but the people were relatively uninvolved in the 2096: 1938: 705: 8938: 8655: 6966: 6780: 4780: 3022: 2865:

Act was immediately used against KPU members. In August 1966, government police arrested prominent Luo KPU members including

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The Seventh-day Adventist Church missionaries were amongst the earliest Christian missionaries to proselytise to Luo people.

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The Luo moved into western Kenya from Uganda between the 15th and 20th centuries in four waves. They were closely related to

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which was widely perceived as a referendum against Kibaki. More than 1,000 people were killed and 600,000 displaced in the

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Town. One of the many business ventures it engaged in included the publication of African Nationalist newspapers including

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repealing the amendment of section 2A of the constitution. Multi-party politics was therefore permitted in Kenya. The

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This article is about the ethnic group in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. For the wider related set of ethnic groups, see

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in 1947 that was aimed at uniting all people of Luo descent in East Africa. Jaramogi Oginga Odinga was the first Luo

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or son in the absence of the father. Many families came together through a traced relations by blood to form a clan,

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who was also his spiritual and military advisor. The Luo government structure was stronger at the state level under

320: 8933: 8648: 6654:"Contrasting patterns of Y chromosome and mtDNA variation in Africa: evidence for sex-biased demographic processes" 6586: 5183:

Marshall, Fiona; Hildebrand, Elisabeth (2002). "Cattle Before Crops: The Beginnings of Food Production in Africa".

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Kenya: The Post-Kenyatta Conundrum. CIA Intelligence Memorandum. Approved for release 2008/11/18. Available from:

4804:"2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census Volume IV: Distribution of Population by Socio-Economic Characteristics" 3354:. Traditional Luo diet consisted of kuon made of sorghum or millet accompanied by fish, meat, or vegetable stews. 2526:. The Colonial authorities suppressed the movement by deporting and imprisoning adherents in the 1920s and 1930s. 8923: 7237: 5886: 4033: 3038: 2915:. In 1982, Odinga attempted to start a new political party - Kenya African Socialist Alliance. Section 2A of the 1309: 5916: 6483:

https://www.polity.org.za/article/kenyas-quest-for-a-new-constitution-the-key-constitutional-moments-2010-07-29

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https://nation.africa/kenya/news/provincial/voluntary-male-cut-project-to-be-rolled-out-in-urban-areas--629514

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in Northern Sudan and Southern Egypt are an admixed group that started off as a population closely related to

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Luo people and people of Luo descent have made significant contributions to modern culture and civilization.

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Shadle, Brett L. (2002). "Patronage, Millennialism and the Serpent God Mumbo in South-West Kenya, 1912–34".

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The organisation of Luo conceptions of intelligence : a study of implicit theories in a Kenyan village

5270:"Northeast African genomic variation shaped by the continuity of indigenous groups and Eurasian migrations" 3654: 3368:

Like many ethnic communities in Uganda, including the Langi, Acholi, and Alur, the Luo do not practice the

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Ehret, Christopher (2001). "Bantu Expansions: Re-Envisioning a Central Problem of Early African History".

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The Luo were also rich in musical instruments which ranged from percussion (drums, clappers, metal rings,

3273:. As part of distinguishing a tribal leader from a national leader, part of the conditions was that a Luo 315: 5849: 4184: 3801: 3102: 3026: 2866: 2753: 1071: 3523:) worn around the neck and waist, and red or white clay worn by the ladies. The men's costumes included 3198:, which mostly brought together the heads of different families together as people of the same descent, 2537:(Identifying metal band worn around the neck). Mass meetings were organized separately by Luo people in 8943: 8619: 6463: 3030: 2628:, a pioneering Kikuyu politician, founded the Kenya African Study Union in 1944 which later became the 2574: 1511: 950: 355: 6389: 3964: 3322:

Further, the Luos have removed six lower teeth because of lock jaw disease that had affected Luo land

2752:. It became the most organised and effective political party in the country. It later merged with the 2394:

contact with the Luo was indirect and sporadic. Relations intensified only when the completion of the

1556: 7593: 7271: 6374: 2554: 1633: 1452: 727: 8948: 8376: 7189:, C. Ember, M. Ember and I. Skoggard (eds.), pp. 189–194. New York: Macmillan Reference, 2002 6613:

https://nation.africa/kenya/news/politics/history-repeats-itself-through-kenyatta-odinga-feud-11822

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History of the Southern Luo: Volume I, Migration and Settlement, (Series: Peoples of East Africa)

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was formed. This party split up due to internal wrangling into ethnic based opposition parties -

2861: 2857: 877: 867: 7229: 5509:

Mercer, Patricia (1971). "Shilluk Trade and Politics from the Mid-Seventeenth Century to 1861".

5219:

https://books.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeum/reader/download/218/218-30-76968-1-10-20170210.pdf

4321: 3307:

The Current Ker is Jaduong Odungi Randa, who was crowned on 22nd December 2023 becoming the 9th

310: 8450: 8194: 8052: 7384: 7097: 4259: 3262: 3001:(NDP) which had considerable Luo support. This party merged with KANU in 2002, just before the 2470: 1240: 955: 899: 793: 334: 280: 2465:. The first Luo SDA converts were baptised on 21 May 1911. Carscallen was the first to reduce 2398:

had confirmed British intentions and largely removed the need for local alliances. In 1896, a

2048:

in the 16th century, conquering territory as far as modern day Khartoum. They established the

7541: 7452: 6958: 6786: 4458: 4453: 4204: 4087: 4067: 4027: 3122: 3054: 2916: 2697: 2442: 1970: 1809: 1601: 1586: 1457: 1390: 1385: 1304: 1113: 829: 678: 285: 17: 6871:

Johns, Timothy; Kokwaro, John O. (1991). "Food Plants of the Luo of Siaya District, Kenya".

6600:

https://www.voanews.com/africa/kenyatta-odinga-rivalry-spans-two-generations-kenyan-politics

6598:

Kenyatta-Odinga Rivalry Spans Two Generations of Kenyan Politics. VOA news. Available from:

5804: 2349: 290: 7644: 4892: 4366: 4274: 4269: 3670: 2685: 2246:

originally were Bantu-speaking people who assimilated into Luo culture. They fled from the

2103:. The Luo speakers who migrated into Kenya were chiefly from four Luo-speaking groups: the 1464: 1415: 1118: 35: 7140:

Dilemmas of Development: Conflicts of Interest and Their Resolutions in Modernizing Africa

6916:"Believing in the Black Messiah: The Legio Maria Church in an African Christian Landscape" 5230:

Krzyzaniak, Lech (April 1978). "New Light on Early Food-Production in the Central Sudan".

3537:, a skin worn from the shoulders or from the waist respectively to cover their nakedness, 3496:, that marked the climax of the musical performance. Sigalagala was mainly done by women. 2885:

when Kenyatta's presidential guard and police forces shot and killed several civilians in

8: 8918: 8872: 8624: 7533: 7465: 7359: 7206: 6817:

Voluntary male cut project to be rolled out in urban areas. Nation News. Available from:

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Pitt Rivers Museum Luo Visual History. The Luo Encounter with Europeans. Available from:

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sought to protest pro-settler policies, and increased taxes on Africans and the despised

2482: 2399: 2315: 2243: 1867: 1785: 1596: 1516: 1363: 1277: 1255: 1162: 904: 596: 526: 6850:

Native Peoples of the World: An Encyclopedia of Groups, Cultures and Contemporary Issues

6267: 4896: 2923:

one party state therefore preventing Odinga's efforts. A coup attempt that same year by

2577:

initiated an alliance between the Kikuyu and Luo communities. Archdeacon W. E. Owen, an

2506:

The apparent acquiescence to British colonial rule was shattered by a movement known as

2491: 2382:

instead of stone as fencing material. By the mid 20th century, they were all abandoned.

7890: 7078: 7058: 7037: 6896: 6888: 6741: 6683: 6512: 6023: 5976: 5751: 5716: 5659: 5534: 5526: 5459: 5451: 5416: 5336: 5296: 5269: 5247: 5200: 5165: 4913: 4880: 4770: 4555: 4530: 4475: 4438: 4381: 4249: 4072: 3347: 3121:, a consultant urologist and former Vice-Chancellor of University of Nairobi; and Prof 3094: 2164:

Onagi(a person who has his six lower teeth removed as a rite of passage during puberty)

1561: 1551: 1287: 1170: 967: 872: 834: 719: 700: 6915: 6481:

Kenya's Quest for a New Constitution: the Key Constitutional Moments. Available from:

5332: 2787:

The first election for African Members of the Legislative Council (MLCs) was in 1957.

2230:. These migrants settled at a place called Ramogi Hill, then expanded around Northern 8797: 8275: 7994: 7349: 7197: 7147: 7117: 7023: 6962: 6853: 6776: 6706: 6675: 6330: 6320: 6076: 5755: 5663: 5569: 5538: 5477: 5463: 5420: 5340: 5301: 5251: 5169: 5052: 4918: 4776: 4724: 4692: 4632: 4254: 4244: 4174: 4169: 4082: 3873: 3678: 3472:, who visit the village at night, in rain making, and during divination and healing. 3158: 3114: 3078: 3058: 2953: 2949: 2897:

one party state. All KPU members were arrested and detained without trial, including

2849: 2809: 2765: 2705: 2438: 2255: 1942: 1840: 1833: 1817: 1736: 1447: 1346: 1314: 1143: 1095: 1006: 851: 839: 808: 798: 626: 6900: 6724:

Odenyo, Amos O. (1973). "Conquest, Clientage, and Land Law among the Luo of Kenya".

6687: 6516: 5204: 2901:. The political marginalisation of Nyanza province worsened and continued under the 1937:

is controversial but most ethnolinguists and historians place their origins between

8847: 8386: 8361: 7523: 7495: 7470: 7070: 6998: 6954: 6927: 6880: 6733: 6665: 6611:

History repeats itself through Kenyatta, Odinga feud. Nation News. Available from:

6504: 6015: 5966: 5958: 5816: 5743: 5708: 5651: 5518: 5443: 5408: 5367: 5328: 5291: 5281: 5239: 5192: 5157: 4908: 4900: 4752: 4129: 4119: 4057: 3895: 3645: 3622: 3432: 3149: 2677: 2363: 2331: 2287: 2033: 1907: 1837: 1476: 1420: 1326: 988: 962: 921: 911: 882: 818: 737: 695: 673: 606: 541: 360: 272: 252: 133: 129: 5915:

Pitt Rivers Museum Luo Visual History. Westernisation of the Luo. Available from:

3705:

Ocholla Ayayo writes in "Traditional Ideology and Ethics among the southern Luo":

8762: 8506: 8501: 8404: 8242: 8110: 8085: 7984: 7926: 7855: 7490: 7407: 6560: 6470: 6438: 6006:

Murray, Nancy Uhlar (1982). "Archdeacon W. E. Owen: Missionary as Propagandist".

5820: 5286: 4721:

Who We Are and How We Got Here: Ancient DNA and the New Science of the Human Past

4495: 4264: 4124: 4114: 3335: 3174: 3162: 3145: 3137: 2928: 2924: 2902: 2890: 2882: 2781: 2769: 2673: 2636:

became president of KAU in 1947. In an effort to gain nationwide support of KAU,

2403: 2367: 2359: 2339: 2295: 2267: 2247: 2231: 2227: 2211: 2140: 2061: 2049: 2029: 1974: 1966: 1934: 1926: 1903: 1875: 1732: 1693: 1669: 1665: 1531: 1521: 1442: 1400: 1358: 1282: 1213: 945: 916: 887: 844: 813: 767: 742: 732: 611: 586: 489: 484: 474: 370: 6790: 6587:

https://www.theafricareport.com/734/the-ethnic-rivalry-that-holds-kenya-hostage/

6585:

The ethnic rivalry that holds Kenya hostage. The Africa Report. Available from:

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The Politics of The Independence of Kenya by Kyle Keith. Palgrave MacMillan 1999

2812:, an American Lawyer and civil rights activist to draft the first constitution. 8827: 8596: 8591: 8564: 8554: 8511: 8432: 8351: 8328: 8285: 8176: 8161: 8143: 8047: 7966: 7956: 7941: 7931: 7875: 7817: 7774: 7700: 7680: 7652: 7614: 7475: 7442: 7412: 7397: 7364: 7304: 4565: 4545: 4510: 4443: 4406: 4346: 4157: 3949: 3786: 3398:

among others. There are Luo Muslim communities, with a notable group living in

2976: 2972: 2853: 2824:

declined the presidency of Kenya and agreed to assume the vice presidency with

2773: 2760:, which would go on to rule the country until 2002. Tom Mboya also started the 2689: 2570: 2454: 2395: 2391: 2263: 2144: 2057: 2041: 1739:. Dholuo shares considerable lexical similarity with languages spoken by other 1434: 1269: 1208: 1184: 762: 747: 653: 636: 621: 591: 581: 243: 66: 6857: 6508: 5887:

http://web.prm.ox.ac.uk/Luo/luo/page/exhibition-encounter-europeans/index.html

5747: 5655: 5573: 5522: 5447: 5412: 5243: 5196: 5148:

Krzyzaniak, Lech (December 1976). "The Archaeological Site of Kadero, Sudan".

5003: 8912: 8862: 8842: 8772: 8752: 8707: 8687: 8682: 8559: 8549: 8534: 8529: 8493: 8483: 8468: 8460: 8445: 8440: 8422: 8414: 8399: 8394: 8343: 8323: 8295: 8290: 8280: 8214: 8204: 8199: 8186: 8171: 8153: 8138: 8133: 8128: 8118: 8062: 8004: 7999: 7951: 7946: 7870: 7837: 7827: 7822: 7799: 7784: 7766: 7756: 7751: 7738: 7723: 7718: 7690: 7675: 7667: 7657: 7634: 7609: 7601: 7427: 7392: 7374: 7354: 7339: 7319: 7309: 7289: 7284: 7279: 6710: 6334: 6080: 5917:

http://web.prm.ox.ac.uk/Luo/luo/page/exhibition-european-education/index.html

4979:"Thomas Odhiambo Visionary entomologist harnessing science for Africa's poor" 4560: 4550: 4540: 4515: 4500: 4490: 4480: 4401: 4396: 4376: 4331: 4326: 4306: 4284: 4234: 4199: 4052: 4012: 3988: 3970: 3913: 3879: 3855: 3694: 3690: 3682: 3458: 3153: 3118: 3062: 2968: 2945: 2932: 2908: 2898: 2845: 2825: 2821: 2800: 2796: 2792: 2746: 2681: 2645: 2637: 2633: 2597: 2588: 2542: 2515: 2511: 2343: 2299: 2283: 2136: 2128: 2108: 2104: 2069: 1962: 1755: 1685: 1581: 1526: 1469: 1405: 1148: 1076: 1021: 977: 663: 646: 631: 601: 576: 561: 514: 494: 392: 170: 7562: 6931: 6670: 6653: 4904: 3644:

received widespread exposure in 2005 when two of his songs were featured in

3415:

marriage ceremony takes place in two parts, both involving the payment of a

2182:, meaning "Ramogi's heirs." The Luo clans of Kenya and Tanzania were called 8892: 8877: 8867: 8857: 8852: 8817: 8812: 8807: 8792: 8787: 8782: 8767: 8578: 8544: 8539: 8521: 8478: 8371: 8366: 8356: 8333: 8318: 8305: 8257: 8247: 8237: 8227: 8166: 8100: 8095: 8090: 8080: 8072: 8042: 8037: 8027: 8022: 7989: 7936: 7918: 7903: 7898: 7880: 7812: 7807: 7789: 7728: 7710: 7695: 7629: 7619: 7500: 7480: 7460: 7432: 7402: 7369: 7334: 7329: 7324: 7314: 7002: 6773:

Cultivating an African community: The Luo Union in 20th century East Africa

6679: 6113: 5305: 4922: 4644: 4615: 4610: 4590: 4580: 4575: 4535: 4520: 4463: 4391: 4356: 4336: 4294: 4279: 4239: 4229: 4214: 4189: 4179: 4164: 4097: 4092: 4006: 3931: 3780: 3759: 3372: 3292: 3050: 3014: 2994: 2936: 2841: 2837: 2777: 2716: 2693: 2558: 2530: 2523: 2473:

were also active throughout Nyanza, but mainly focused on Northern Nyanza.

2462: 2458: 2429: 2415: 2335: 2327: 2323: 2319: 2311: 2275: 2259: 2087:.and are the only 'river lake Nilotes' having migrated and lived along the 2084: 1825: 1773:

supplemented by hunting. Today, the Luo comprise a significant fraction of

1689: 1684:. The Luo are the fourth-largest ethnic group (10.65%) in Kenya, after the 1621: 1395: 1198: 1061: 1036: 757: 668: 658: 616: 551: 546: 536: 531: 509: 504: 499: 479: 447: 397: 350: 145: 8640: 6624:"An African Savant: Henry Odera Oruka" article by F. Ochieng'-Odhiambo in 5107:

History of the Southern Luo: Volume I, Migration and Settlement, 1500–1900

4708:

History of the Southern Luo: Volume I, Migration and Settlement, 1500–1900

3220:

which losely translates to Tribal state. Piny was headed by a merit based

2664: 1850:

The Luo are the originators of a number of popular music genres including

1808:(RIN)) have achieved international acclaim for their contributions. Prof. 8887: 8837: 8822: 8802: 8757: 8697: 8692: 8313: 8270: 8232: 8222: 8123: 8057: 8032: 8014: 7974: 7908: 7860: 7845: 7779: 7746: 7685: 7553: 7485: 7437: 7417: 7344: 7299: 7294: 4674: 4670: 4660: 4654: 4600: 4570: 4505: 4485: 4341: 4219: 4109: 3837: 3712:

his book "Mortgaging the Ancestors: Ideologies of Attachment in Africa":

3637:

has become so popular that it is played by musicians of all ethnicities.

3613: 3416: 3070: 3034: 3018: 3006: 2625: 2581:

and prominent advocate for African affairs, formalised and canalised the

2303: 2120: 2112: 2100: 2053: 2037: 2005: 2001: 1946: 1899: 1879: 1866:

The present day homeland of Kenyan and Tanzanian Luo lies in the eastern

1851: 1774: 1766: 1747: 1740: 1724: 1701: 1697: 1681: 1673: 1410: 1373: 1193: 1066: 1046: 1041: 1016: 571: 566: 556: 462: 412: 365: 174: 166: 31: 5476:

Martell, Peter (2018). First Raise a Flag. London: Hurst & Company.

4146: 2135:. It is estimated that Dholuo has 90% lexical similarity with Lep Alur ( 8606: 8265: 7979: 7624: 7082: 6892: 6884: 6745: 6243:

https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP85T00875R001100130082-2.pdf

6067:"Beatings and abuse made Barack Obama's grandfather loathe the British" 5980: 5971: 5720: 4620: 4585: 4448: 4386: 4371: 4209: 4152: 3641: 3376: 3144:

events. In East Africa, all population groups examined had elements of

3042: 2990: 2984: 2980: 2445:(SDA) was the first Adventist to work in Kenya with Peter Nyambo, from 2291: 2271: 2088: 2045: 2000:

For various reasons, slow and multi-generational migrations of Nilotic

1546: 1481: 1331: 1081: 972: 432: 345: 42: 6027: 5530: 5455: 5372: 5355: 8777: 8712: 8473: 7850: 6705:. The International Society for the Study of Behavioral Development. 6071: 5399:

Robertshaw, Peter (July 1987). "Prehistory in the upper Nile Basin".

4881:"The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans" 4663:- several ethnically and linguistically related Nilotic ethnic groups 4605: 4595: 4411: 4351: 4194: 3819: 3686: 3462:), welcoming back the warriors from a war, during a wrestling match ( 2878: 2788: 2729: 2725: 2605: 2538: 2450: 2446: 2411: 2379: 1930: 1781: 1536: 1368: 892: 772: 380: 7074: 7017: 6737: 6114:"History of COTU(K) – Central Organization of Trade Unions (COTU-K)" 5962: 5712: 5677: 3860:

Barrister. Former adviser to the Prime Minister on coalition affairs

2959:

Local and international pressure in the early 1990s resulted in the

8574: 6019: 5434:

Oliver, Roland (1982). "The Nilotic Contribution to Bantu Africa".

5161: 2873: 2833: 2644:

in 1952. His effort to build up support for KAU in Nyanza inspired

2519: 2507: 2080: 1954: 1717: 1705: 1677: 1026: 752: 442: 95: 6375:

https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/POL100011974ENGLISH.PDF

5267: 2202: 8897: 8882: 8742: 8737: 8732: 8727: 8717: 7865: 7259: 7019:

The Luo Nation-History, Origin and Culture of Luo People of Kenya

6805:"Struggle for power splits Luo council of elders into 3 factions" 6564: 6349:"Dark Saturday in 1969 when Jomo's visit to Kisumu turned bloody" 5051:

Obama, Barack (1995). Dreams from My Father. Three Rivers Press.

4879:

M. A.; Wambebe, C.; Weber, J. L.; Williams, S. M. (22 May 2009).

4316: 3662: 3630: 3605: 3501: 3331: 3009:

to win the 2002 presidential election through the support of his

2546: 2496: 2370:

and continued the tradition of building stone walled fortresses (

2132: 2017: 1990: 1986: 1887: 1883: 1855: 1821: 1770: 1759: 1223: 1218: 1051: 452: 437: 402: 5566:

Siaya : the Historical Anthropology of an African Landscape

2893:. Following this massacre, KPU was banned, turning Kenya into a 2828:

as the head of government. Their administration represented the

1804:(winner of the Harold Spencer-Jones Gold Medal in 2019 from The 261: 8747: 8702: 8586: 7015: 6373:

Amnesty International Annual Report 1973–1974. Available from:

4648: 4638: 3626: 3618: 3571: 3399: 3369: 3089:

in 2014. Prominent Luo doctors and scientists include the late

2886: 2836:

political intrigues were at play in local Kenyan politics. The

2641: 2593: 2550: 2466: 2423: 2419: 2251: 2116: 2092: 2065: 2021: 2009: 1994: 1917: 1751: 1709: 1228: 1056: 1011: 856: 803: 782: 777: 641: 457: 422: 417: 407: 125: 7095:

Traditional ideology and ethics among the southern Luo – DiVA

5081:"Remembering benga: Kenya's infectious musical gift to Africa" 3109:, winner of the Harold Spencer-Jones Gold Medal 2019 from The 8722: 8629: 6199: 4877: 3589: 3583: 3565: 3351: 3339: 2569:

system and a fairer tax system. Bound by the same concerns,

2410:, otherwise known as Gero. Over 200 were quickly killed by a 2307: 2215: 2076: 2025: 2013: 1982: 1978: 1958: 1794:

International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE)

1713: 1203: 467: 427: 375: 153: 110: 91: 60: 6529:

Merger shakes up Kenyan politics. BBC news. Available from:

3113:(RIN) following his outstanding contribution to navigation; 2481:) such as Odera Akang'o played a role in this. In 1915, the 2254:

after the civil strife that followed the murder of the 24th

1969:. This population later received significant gene flow from 6651: 6628:

Vol. IX No. 2/Vol X No. 1 (December 1995/June 1996): 12–11.

3559: 3518: 3420: 2148: 1541: 5929:"Residents protest the demolition of Odera Akang'o's cell" 3601: 2226:

were the first and largest wave of migrants into northern

6390:"Kenya - Colonialism, Mau Mau, Independence | Britannica" 4858: 4856: 4854: 4852: 4850: 1929:. During the British colonial period, they were known as 7059:"Traditional Ideology and Ethics among the Southern Luo" 6633: 6211: 5492: 5490: 5356:"Toponymic Strata in Ancient Nubia until the Common Era" 3718: 2453:. These missionaries established stations at Wire Hill, 6752: 6317:

Not yet Uhuru : the autobiography of Oginga Odinga

6008:

The International Journal of African Historical Studies

5701:

The International Journal of African Historical Studies

4934: 4932: 3617:

style of music. It is a lively style in which songs in

1765:

Traditionally, Luo people practiced a mixed economy of

1720:, making them the largest ethnic group in East Africa. 6412: 6410: 6272:

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

5951:

Africa: Journal of the International African Institute

5782: 5780: 5767: 5765: 5545: 4847: 3177:(E1b1a) which is common among Bantu speaking peoples. 2529:

The earliest modern African political organization in

2222:), which is estimated to have begun around 1490–1517. 1925:

Luo people of Kenya and Tanzania form the majority of

7056: 6187: 6139: 6127: 6094: 6046: 5987: 5867: 5487: 5380: 4772:

Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth Edition

4147:

Politics, activism, trade unionism, diplomacy and law

3806:

Anti-colonial activist, trade unionist and politician

3099:

International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology

2353:

Thimlich Ohinga in Migori County, South Nyanza, Kenya

2143:); 93% with Dhopadhola (Padhola language), 74% with 7217:, Huntington, New York, 2001; Godfrey Mwakikagile, 6700: 4944: 4929: 4821: 3202:. Many clans came together to form a village called 2987:(led by Oginga Odinga). Oginga Odinga died in 1994. 2820:

After Kenya became independent on 12 December 1963,

2418:. The British set up regional headquarters first at 2294:

are thought to have created the rock art present on

6991:

African Music: Journal of the African Music Society

6407: 6247: 6151: 5827: 5777: 5762: 5623: 5611: 5599: 4041: 3700: 3330:A popular Luo meal includes fish (rech) especially 3185: 3105:, winner of the Albert Einstein Gold Medal (1991); 7554:Population and Housing Census - Ethnic Affiliation 6541:Kenya's entire cabinet dismissed. Available from: 6175: 6034: 5182: 5120: 5004:"Home - Professor Washington Yotto Ochieng, FREng" 3129:(IPCC) which received the 2007 Nobel peace prize. 2218:are discernible, starting with the People of Jok ( 27:Nilotic ethnic group in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda 7221:, New Africa Press, Pretoria, South Africa, 2008. 7057:Welbourn, F. B.; Ocholla-Ayayo, A. B. C. (1978). 6847: 6832:"Unity in sight as one Luo council faction quits" 6384: 6382: 5586: 5563: 1882:in northwestern Tanzania. This area falls within 8910: 7016:Rateng' Ramogi Dichol Dimo II, His Majesty. 6989:Jones, A.M. (1973). "Luo music and its rhythm". 6065:Orengoh, Ben Macintyre and Paul (31 July 2023). 4657:, a large religious group originating in Luoland 3005:. Raila Odinga is widely credited with enabling 2739:International Confederation of Free Trade Unions 1858:. Benga is one of Africa's most popular genres. 6951:Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History 6554:UN chief calls on Kenya rivals to stop violence 6314: 5850:"Luo Exhibition Settlements Pitt Rivers Museum" 5733: 3476:and dancing styles, movements, and formations. 2967:(FORD), a multi-tribal opposition party led by 2592:office was the first African owned building in 6379: 8656: 7592: 7578: 7245: 6543:http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4463262.stm 6531:http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1878321.stm 6464:Energy Old – Renewable Energy for Development 5263: 5261: 3954:Paediatrician and Author. Winner of the 1995 3490:. There was also a unique kind of ululation, 2190:. In the Dinka tribe, the Luo are called the 1641: 1251:The Kenya Schools and Colleges Drama Festival 6913: 6870: 4798: 4796: 4764: 4762: 3824:Statesman. One of Kenya's founding fathers. 3661:Other Luo musicians, in various genres, are 3013:. This relationship turned sour however and 2711: 1784:and Nigel N. Mwangi were key figures in the 8670: 7042:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 6439:"Robert Ouko 'killed in Kenya State House'" 3346:in Dholuo) and traditional vegetables like 3206:which was headed by a village elder titled 3173:66% of tested Luo men were found to have Y 2274:of Lake Victoria from Northern Nyanza into 8663: 8649: 7585: 7571: 7252: 7238: 6770: 6168: 6166: 5911: 5909: 5907: 5641: 5398: 5258: 5229: 5147: 4873: 4871: 4768: 4427: 3611:Currently the Luo are associated with the 2402:was mounted in support of the Wanga ruler 2154:Luo of Kenya and Tanzania are also called 1648: 1634: 59: 7187:Encyclopedia of World Cultures Supplement 6669: 6228: 6226: 5970: 5736:Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 5644:Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 5371: 5295: 5285: 5066: 5064: 5026: 5024: 4912: 4793: 4775:. Dallas, Texas, USA: SIL International. 4759: 4689:The Politics of the Independence of Kenya 4103: 3127:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 3097:, prominent entomologist, founder of the 3083:Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress 1843:became the first black African to win an 1836:winner, was born to a Kenyan Luo father, 1830:President of the United States of America 1814:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 6645: 5844: 5842: 5799: 5797: 5795: 4840: 4838: 4836: 4300: 3629:(acoustic, later electric) replaced the 3600: 3436: 3228:. The Ruoth was crowned by a diviner - 3041:. A power sharing agreement mediated by 2743:Nairobi People's Convention Party (NPCP) 2715: 2668:Achieng Oneko. One of the Kapenguria Six 2663: 2549:. A strike at the CMS mission school in 2428: 2406:in Ugenya against the Kager clan led by 2348: 2201: 2186:, while among the Nuer they were called 2024:, the penetration of Arabs into central 1916: 1246:Kenya Institute of Puppet Theatre (KIPT) 6914:Kustenbauder, Matthew (1 August 2009). 6163: 6064: 5904: 4963: 4961: 4959: 4868: 3842:Corporate executive and philanthropist 2258:in the mid 18th century and settled in 2197: 1985:and the medieval christian kingdoms of 351:Olorgesailie Aechulean hand axe culture 14: 8911: 7136: 7122:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 6959:10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.151 6944: 6843: 6841: 6723: 6265: 6223: 6005: 5948: 5879: 5508: 5433: 5353: 5061: 5021: 4976: 4789:from the original on 24 November 2007. 3508:These costumes included sisal skirts ( 3419:by the groom. The first ceremony, the 3180: 2656:to join KAU and delve into politics. 2612:. For his efforts he was appointed as 2091:. They entered Kenya and Tanzania via 1933:. The exact location of origin of the 8644: 7566: 7233: 6988: 6947:"The History of Islam in East Africa" 6639: 6494: 5897:"Carscallen, Arthur Asa Grandville." 5839: 5792: 5698: 5318: 4833: 4718: 3719:List of notable people of Luo descent 3023:2005 Kenyan constitutional referendum 7211:Ethnic Politics in Kenya and Nigeria 7179: 7163:from the original on 19 October 2013 7104:from the original on 14 October 2013 6758: 6416: 6253: 6217: 6205: 6193: 6181: 6157: 6145: 6133: 6100: 6052: 6040: 5993: 5873: 5833: 5786: 5771: 5678:"Kenya - Trust For African Rock Art" 5629: 5617: 5605: 5551: 5496: 5386: 5126: 5099: 4956: 4950: 4938: 4862: 4827: 4769:Gordon Jr., Raymond G., ed. (2005). 4723:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. 4705: 4686: 3648:' Academy Award-nominated score for 3364:African divination § Luo people 3357: 2815: 2290:in East Africa to produce ceramics. 2278:starting in the early 17th century. 1953:, 48 kilometres (30 miles) north of 85:Regions with significant populations 6838: 6235: 5360:Dotawo: A Journal of Nubian Studies 4808:Kenya National Bureau of Statistics 4710:. Peoples of East Africa. Nairobi: 3405: 3314: 2999:National Development Party of Kenya 2948:, Kenya continues to struggle with 2758:Kenya African National Union (KANU) 2659: 2374:) as well as defensive earthworks ( 2206:The former Nyanza Province in Kenya 1798:UNESCO's Albert Einstein Gold Medal 24: 6945:Becker, Felicitas (25 June 2018). 6658:European Journal of Human Genetics 6268:"Detention Without Trial in Kenya" 6266:Conboy, Kevin (11 February 2016). 5899:Seventh-day Adventist Encyclopedia 3936:Professional Ice-Hockey defenceman 3598:, to a specific type of trumpet). 3433:Luo Section of Folk Music of Kenya 2965:Forum for Restoration of Democracy 2927:soldiers in August, led by a Luo, 356:Savanna Pastoral Neolithic Culture 25: 8960: 7225: 7185:Herbich, Ingrid. "The Luo." In 6771:Carotenuto, Matthew Paul (2006). 5333:10.1163/19589514-047-01-900000010 4673:welfare organisation that united 4641:- The third-largest city in Kenya 2461:and Kamagambo. These were all in 2385: 1700:who inhabit an area ranging from 65:A traditional Luo village at the 7130: 7089: 7050: 7009: 6982: 6938: 6907: 6864: 6852:. M.E. Sharpe, Inc. p. 57. 6824: 4667:Luo Union (Welfare Organisation) 4407:Victoria "PinkPantheress" Walker 4042:Academics, medicine, and science 4020: 3999: 3981: 3963: 3942: 3924: 3906: 3888: 3866: 3848: 3830: 3812: 3794: 3773: 3752: 3734: 3701:Kinship, family, and inheritance 3504:, an eight-stringed instrument. 3186:Traditional system of government 3075:Kenya Anti-Corruption Commission 1921:A map of some of the Luo peoples 1615: 260: 103: 6811: 6797: 6764: 6717: 6694: 6618: 6605: 6592: 6579: 6570: 6547: 6535: 6523: 6488: 6475: 6457: 6431: 6422: 6367: 6341: 6308: 6282: 6259: 6106: 6058: 5999: 5942: 5921: 5891: 5727: 5692: 5670: 5635: 5580: 5557: 5502: 5470: 5427: 5392: 5347: 5312: 5223: 5211: 5176: 5141: 5132: 5073: 5045: 4996: 4970: 4034:Caine Prize for African Writing 2806:The Lancaster House Conferences 2522:spread amongst the Luo and the 1310:Kenya Film Classification Board 5511:The Journal of African History 5436:The Journal of African History 5401:The Journal of African History 5232:The Journal of African History 4977:Masood, Ehsan (23 June 2003). 4745: 3640:Luo singer and nyatiti player 3226:uoth (prince/son of the Ruoth) 3091:Prof. David Peter Simon Wasawo 2993:later split and Odinga's son, 2688:, a KAU leader and one of the 2561:. A series of meetings dubbed 2433:Mgirango Jaluo in dance attire 2346:also were found in this area. 2286:, are thought to be the first 2270:islands. Luo speakers crossed 2068:. This group assimilated into 1337:Kenya Broadcasting Corporation 13: 1: 7215:Nova Science Publishers, Inc. 7063:Journal of Religion in Africa 6701:Grigorenko, Elena L. (2001). 6290:"5 opposition leaders seized" 5593:East African Publishing House 5115:East African Publishing House 4738: 4712:East African Publishing House 3918:First Vice-President of Kenya 3878:Actress. First black African 3441:Luo dancers in Eldoret, Kenya 3236:who had a council of elders, 3111:Royal Institute of Navigation 2573:, one of the founders of the 2036:. The northern most group of 1812:was the vice chairman of the 1806:Royal Institute of Navigation 5815:(1): 67–72. 1 January 2006. 5287:10.1371/journal.pgen.1006976 3265:during the formation of the 2830:Kenya African National Union 2795:were elected. In June 1958, 2471:Church Mission Society (CMS) 1790:Thomas Risley Odhiambo Nandy 1786:African Nationalist struggle 1664:of Kenya and Tanzania are a 150:African Traditional Religion 7: 7219:Kenya: Identity of A Nation 5185:Journal of World Prehistory 4626: 4032:Author. Winner of the 2003 3956:Commonwealth Writers' Prize 3552:, shakers), strings (e.g., 3338:, usually accompanied with 3161:, the Luo cluster with the 3132: 3103:African Academy of Sciences 2919:was amended making Kenya a 2754:Kenya Independence Movement 2238:) and the People of Omolo ( 2044:- advanced north along the 1861: 1072:Rusinga (Cultural) Festival 301:Portuguese and Omani period 10: 8965: 7146:. African Studies Centre. 6848:Danver, Steven L. (2013). 6296:. 5 August 1966. p. 1 5587:Ogot, Bethwell A. (1967). 5564:Odhiambo, Atieno. (1989). 4706:Ogot, Bethwell A. (1967). 4680: 3722: 3633:as the string instrument. 3430: 3361: 3325: 3031:Orange Democratic Movement 2862:Kenya People's Union (KPU) 2858:Kenya People's Union (KPU) 2848:, a Kikuyu politician and 2799:called for the release of 2575:Kikuyu Central Association 1912: 1897: 1788:. Luo scientists, such as 1512:Lothagam North Pillar Site 40: 29: 8929:Ethnic groups in Tanzania 8678: 8605: 8573: 8520: 8492: 8459: 8431: 8413: 8385: 8342: 8304: 8256: 8213: 8185: 8152: 8109: 8071: 8013: 7965: 7917: 7889: 7836: 7798: 7765: 7737: 7709: 7666: 7643: 7600: 7594:Ethnic groups in Tanzania 7550: 7532: 7509: 7451: 7383: 7270: 6509:10.1080/01436590120084575 5748:10.1080/00672700609480438 5656:10.1080/00672700903291716 5595:, Nairobi. p. assim. 5523:10.1017/S0021853700010859 5448:10.1017/S0021853700021289 5413:10.1017/S002185370002973X 5244:10.1017/S0021853700027572 4469: 4013:WWE professional wrestler 3287:In recent years, the Luo 3117:, philosopher; Professor 3085:for her role in the film 2750:People's Convention Party 2712:Pre-independence politics 2555:East African Protectorate 1893: 1878:in Western Kenya and the 1453:Football Kenya Federation 226: 215: 204: 189: 184: 164: 159: 144: 139: 124: 119: 101: 89: 84: 79: 74: 58: 8939:Kenya–Tanzania relations 6726:Law & Society Review 6315:Odinga, Oginga. (1977). 6208:, p. 100, 145, 189. 5117:, Nairobi, 1967 pp 31–39 4185:Ochola Ogaye Mak’Anyengo 4063:Washington Yotto Ochieng 3802:Ochola Ogaye Mak’Anyengo 3766:United States of America 3426: 3107:Washington Yotto Ochieng 3077:director also is a Luo. 3011:Liberal Democratic Party 2772:, former vice president 2735:United States of America 2600:'s vernacular newspaper 2234:. The People of Owiny' ( 2147:, and 69% with Jurchol ( 1802:Washington Yotto Ochieng 1342:Kenya Television Network 1300:Communications Authority 41:Not to be confused with 8934:Ethnic groups in Uganda 8672:Ethnic groups in Uganda 6932:10.1525/nr.2009.13.1.11 6671:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201408 5354:Cooper, Julien (2017). 5197:10.1023/A:1019954903395 4905:10.1126/science.1172257 4434:Marjorie Oludhe Macgoye 4428:Writers and playwrights 4322:Catherine Susan Anyango 4130:Washington Aggrey Okumu 3993:Professional Footballer 3382:Local churches include 3125:, vice-chairman of the 3115:Prof. Henry Odera Oruka 3039:Party of National Unity 3027:2007–2008 Kenyan crisis 2151:) and Dhi-Pari (Pari). 2139:); 83% with Lep Achol ( 2052:. In the 15th century, 1737:Nilotic language family 1731:, which belongs to the 1708:, northern and eastern 1668:ethnic group native to 311:Early post Independence 306:British Colonial Period 8924:Ethnic groups in Kenya 7264:(by linguistic origin) 7261:Ethnic groups in Kenya 7003:10.21504/amj.v5i3.1658 5809:Kenya Past and Present 5111:Peoples of East Africa 4691:. Palgrave MacMillan. 4260:Patrick Ayiecho Olweny 4104:Business and economics 4011:Actor, Lawyer, former 3764:44th President of the 3608: 3442: 3263:Jaramogi Oginga Odinga 3222:hereditary chieftaincy 2913:1974 general elections 2721: 2669: 2434: 2354: 2302:, early migrants from 2207: 2058:Bunyoro-Kitara Kingdom 1922: 1241:Kenya National Theatre 1027:Lamu Cultural Festival 34:. For other uses, see 6497:Third World Quarterly 5821:10520/AJA02578301_479 4719:Reich, David (2018). 4301:Arts, music and media 4265:Raychelle Awour Omamo 4180:Evans Odhiambo Kidero 4088:Richard Samson Odingo 4068:Peter Amollo Odhiambo 4028:Yvonne Adhiambo Owuor 3655:The Constant Gardener 3652:' film adaptation of 3604: 3440: 3224:by the eldest son WoR 3123:Richard Samson Odingo 3017:led the vote against 2889:Town, the capital of 2719: 2698:Hussein Onyango Obama 2667: 2608:'s radical newspaper 2457:, Kanyadoto, Karung, 2443:Seventh-day Adventist 2432: 2352: 2205: 1920: 1816:when it received the 1602:Coat of arms of Kenya 1458:Kenyan Premier League 1391:Business Daily Africa 1386:The African Executive 1305:Kenya Film Commission 1114:African Inland Church 160:Related ethnic groups 7207:Mwakikagile, Godfrey 7192:Senogazake, George, 6294:Pasadena Independent 5150:Current Anthropology 4687:Kyle, Keith (1999). 4501:Collins Omondi Obuya 4454:Yvonne Adhiambo Owuo 4367:Daniel Owino Misiani 4275:Ramogi Achieng Oneko 4270:William Odongo Omamo 3671:Daniel Owino Misiani 3238:galamoro mar jodongo 2983:(led by Matiba) and 2756:and KAU to form the 2686:Ramogi Achieng Oneko 2198:Migration into Kenya 2060:and established the 1557:Dedan Kimathi Statue 1502:World Heritage Sites 1465:Rugby union in Kenya 36:Luo (disambiguation) 7194:Folk Music of Kenya 7137:Abbink, J. (2008). 6642:, pp. 215–216. 6220:, p. 105, 119. 5105:Ogot, Bethwell A., 5032:"Nobel Prizes 2022" 4897:2009Sci...324.1035T 4891:(5930): 1035–1044. 4865:, pp. 144–154. 4526:Olivia Nelson-Ododa 4362:Gidi Gidi Maji Maji 4307:Lydia Achieng Abura 4225:Sarah Onyango Obama 4142:General Counsel IMF 4135:Martin Oduor-Otieno 4078:Bethwell Allan Ogot 3725:List of Luo Kenyans 3181:Culture and customs 2917:Kenyan constitution 2630:Kenya African Union 2622:Kenya African Union 2579:Anglican missionary 2483:Colonial Government 2400:punitive expedition 2034:Iron Age technology 1868:Lake Victoria basin 1769:, seed farming and 1597:Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu 1364:CRI Nairobi 91.9 FM 1294:Government agencies 1256:Too Early for Birds 1187:and performing arts 366:Elmenteitan culture 346:Koobi Fora Hominins 296:Swahili city states 55: 8620:Chinese Tanzanians 6885:10.1007/BF02860055 6807:. 23 January 2020. 6761:, p. 170-175. 6559:2008-02-02 at the 6469:2007-07-13 at the 6394:www.britannica.com 5805:"Secrets in stone" 5680:. 15 December 2022 5554:, pp. 44–144. 5008:www.imperial.ac.uk 4556:Eric Johana Omondi 4531:David Johnny Oduya 4506:David Oluoch Obuya 4476:Conjestina Achieng 4439:Asenath Bole Odaga 4250:John Henry Okwanyo 4190:Pamela Odede Mboya 4073:Thomas R. Odhiambo 3785:First Governor of 3650:Fernando Mereilles 3609: 3443: 3095:Thomas R. Odhiambo 3073:who is the former 2867:Ochola Mak'Anyengo 2722: 2708:crimes pro bono. 2670: 2516:millennialist cult 2435: 2355: 2208: 2083:are classified as 1923: 1886:and straddles the 1884:tropical latitudes 1828:, the first black 1767:cattle pastoralism 1562:Baden-Powell grave 1552:Tom Mboya Monument 1288:Nation Media Group 1171:Swahili literature 968:Kalenjin mythology 701:Kenyan Australians 387:Modern ethnicities 53: 8944:Kenyan Luo people 8906: 8905: 8638: 8637: 8625:Indian Tanzanians 7560: 7559: 7265: 7180:Suggested reading 6968:978-0-19-027773-4 6782:978-0-542-93443-8 6567:, 31 January 2008 6445:. 9 December 2010 6196:, pp. 86–89. 6148:, pp. 82–84. 6136:, pp. 73–74. 6103:, pp. 41–53. 6055:, pp. 38–43. 5996:, pp. 16–21. 5876:, pp. 11–14. 5499:, pp. 44–47. 5389:, pp. 41–43. 5373:10.5070/d64110028 4953:, pp. 53–89. 4830:, pp. 40–47. 4782:978-1-55671-159-6 4633:Arthur Carscallen 4312:Dan "chizi" Aceda 4255:Peter Oloo-Aringo 4245:Joshua Orwa Ojode 4175:Wilson Ndolo Ayah 4170:Elijah Omolo Agar 4083:Henry Odera Oruka 3742:Dan 'Chizi' Aceda 3358:Religious customs 3059:Peter Oloo-Aringo 3003:general elections 2816:Independent Kenya 2810:Thurgood Marshall 2766:Nobel Peace Prize 2439:Arthur Carscallen 2362:in South Nyanza. 2256:Kabaka of Buganda 1943:Eastern Equatoria 1931:Nilotic Kavirondo 1834:Nobel Peace Prize 1818:Nobel Peace Prize 1810:Richard S. Odingo 1754:, especially the 1692:(14.35%) and the 1658: 1657: 1507:List of Monuments 1448:Football in Kenya 1347:Tinga Tinga Tales 1315:Kenya News Agency 237: 236: 180: 179: 16:(Redirected from 8956: 8665: 8658: 8651: 8642: 8641: 8615:White Tanzanians 7587: 7580: 7573: 7564: 7563: 7263: 7254: 7247: 7240: 7231: 7230: 7173: 7172: 7170: 7168: 7162: 7145: 7134: 7128: 7127: 7121: 7113: 7111: 7109: 7093: 7087: 7086: 7054: 7048: 7047: 7041: 7033: 7013: 7007: 7006: 6986: 6980: 6979: 6977: 6975: 6942: 6936: 6935: 6911: 6905: 6904: 6868: 6862: 6861: 6845: 6836: 6835: 6828: 6822: 6815: 6809: 6808: 6801: 6795: 6794: 6768: 6762: 6756: 6750: 6749: 6721: 6715: 6714: 6698: 6692: 6691: 6673: 6649: 6643: 6637: 6631: 6622: 6616: 6609: 6603: 6602:. Cited 18-12-20 6596: 6590: 6583: 6577: 6574: 6568: 6551: 6545: 6539: 6533: 6527: 6521: 6520: 6492: 6486: 6479: 6473: 6461: 6455: 6454: 6452: 6450: 6435: 6429: 6426: 6420: 6414: 6405: 6404: 6402: 6400: 6386: 6377: 6371: 6365: 6364: 6362: 6360: 6345: 6339: 6338: 6312: 6306: 6305: 6303: 6301: 6286: 6280: 6279: 6263: 6257: 6251: 6245: 6239: 6233: 6230: 6221: 6215: 6209: 6203: 6197: 6191: 6185: 6179: 6173: 6170: 6161: 6155: 6149: 6143: 6137: 6131: 6125: 6124: 6122: 6120: 6110: 6104: 6098: 6092: 6091: 6089: 6087: 6062: 6056: 6050: 6044: 6038: 6032: 6031: 6003: 5997: 5991: 5985: 5984: 5974: 5946: 5940: 5939: 5937: 5935: 5925: 5919: 5913: 5902: 5895: 5889: 5883: 5877: 5871: 5865: 5864: 5862: 5860: 5854:web.prm.ox.ac.uk 5846: 5837: 5831: 5825: 5824: 5801: 5790: 5784: 5775: 5769: 5760: 5759: 5731: 5725: 5724: 5696: 5690: 5689: 5687: 5685: 5674: 5668: 5667: 5639: 5633: 5627: 5621: 5615: 5609: 5603: 5597: 5596: 5584: 5578: 5577: 5561: 5555: 5549: 5543: 5542: 5506: 5500: 5494: 5485: 5474: 5468: 5467: 5431: 5425: 5424: 5396: 5390: 5384: 5378: 5377: 5375: 5351: 5345: 5344: 5321:Faits de Langues 5316: 5310: 5309: 5299: 5289: 5265: 5256: 5255: 5227: 5221: 5215: 5209: 5208: 5180: 5174: 5173: 5145: 5139: 5136: 5130: 5124: 5118: 5103: 5097: 5096: 5094: 5092: 5077: 5071: 5068: 5059: 5049: 5043: 5042: 5040: 5038: 5028: 5019: 5018: 5016: 5014: 5000: 4994: 4993: 4991: 4989: 4974: 4968: 4965: 4954: 4948: 4942: 4941:, p. 40-42. 4936: 4927: 4926: 4916: 4875: 4866: 4860: 4845: 4842: 4831: 4825: 4819: 4818: 4816: 4814: 4800: 4791: 4790: 4766: 4757: 4756: 4749: 4734: 4715: 4702: 4120:Barack Obama Sr. 4036: 4024: 4015: 4003: 3994: 3985: 3976: 3967: 3958: 3946: 3937: 3928: 3919: 3910: 3901: 3892: 3883: 3870: 3861: 3852: 3843: 3834: 3825: 3816: 3807: 3798: 3789: 3777: 3768: 3756: 3747: 3738: 3646:Alberto Iglesias 3549:ongeng'o or gara 3406:Marriage customs 3315:Rites of passage 3159:Nilotic speakers 3101:(ICIPE) and the 3087:12 Years a Slave 2905:administration. 2747:Kwame Nkurumah's 2696:'s grandfather, 2678:Mau Mau Uprising 2660:Mau Mau Uprising 2616:or Chief of the 2364:Neville Chittick 2332:Southern Nilotic 2288:hunter gatherers 2262:, especially at 1908:History of Kenya 1838:Barack Obama Sr. 1792:(founder of the 1727:, also known as 1650: 1643: 1636: 1622:Kenya portal 1620: 1619: 1618: 1477:Cricket in Kenya 1327:A24 news channel 963:Maasai mythology 696:Kenyan Americans 361:Eburran industry 341:Historic peoples 291:African iron age 264: 255: 253:Culture of Kenya 239: 238: 182: 181: 115:4,663,910 (2019) 109: 107: 106: 75:Total population 63: 56: 52: 21: 8964: 8963: 8959: 8958: 8957: 8955: 8954: 8953: 8949:Nilotic peoples 8909: 8908: 8907: 8902: 8763:Great Lakes Twa 8674: 8669: 8639: 8634: 8601: 8569: 8516: 8488: 8455: 8427: 8409: 8381: 8338: 8300: 8252: 8209: 8181: 8148: 8105: 8067: 8009: 7961: 7913: 7885: 7832: 7794: 7761: 7733: 7705: 7662: 7639: 7596: 7591: 7561: 7556: 7546: 7528: 7505: 7447: 7379: 7266: 7258: 7228: 7182: 7177: 7176: 7166: 7164: 7160: 7154: 7143: 7135: 7131: 7115: 7114: 7107: 7105: 7098:"Archived copy" 7096: 7094: 7090: 7075:10.2307/1581402 7055: 7051: 7035: 7034: 7030: 7014: 7010: 6987: 6983: 6973: 6971: 6969: 6943: 6939: 6912: 6908: 6873:Economic Botany 6869: 6865: 6846: 6839: 6830: 6829: 6825: 6816: 6812: 6803: 6802: 6798: 6783: 6769: 6765: 6757: 6753: 6738:10.2307/3052969 6722: 6718: 6699: 6695: 6650: 6646: 6638: 6634: 6623: 6619: 6610: 6606: 6597: 6593: 6584: 6580: 6575: 6571: 6561:Wayback Machine 6552: 6548: 6540: 6536: 6528: 6524: 6493: 6489: 6480: 6476: 6471:Wayback Machine 6462: 6458: 6448: 6446: 6437: 6436: 6432: 6427: 6423: 6415: 6408: 6398: 6396: 6388: 6387: 6380: 6372: 6368: 6358: 6356: 6347: 6346: 6342: 6327: 6313: 6309: 6299: 6297: 6288: 6287: 6283: 6264: 6260: 6252: 6248: 6240: 6236: 6231: 6224: 6216: 6212: 6204: 6200: 6192: 6188: 6180: 6176: 6171: 6164: 6156: 6152: 6144: 6140: 6132: 6128: 6118: 6116: 6112: 6111: 6107: 6099: 6095: 6085: 6083: 6063: 6059: 6051: 6047: 6039: 6035: 6004: 6000: 5992: 5988: 5963:10.2307/3556798 5947: 5943: 5933: 5931: 5927: 5926: 5922: 5914: 5905: 5896: 5892: 5884: 5880: 5872: 5868: 5858: 5856: 5848: 5847: 5840: 5832: 5828: 5803: 5802: 5793: 5785: 5778: 5770: 5763: 5732: 5728: 5713:10.2307/3097285 5697: 5693: 5683: 5681: 5676: 5675: 5671: 5640: 5636: 5628: 5624: 5616: 5612: 5604: 5600: 5585: 5581: 5562: 5558: 5550: 5546: 5507: 5503: 5495: 5488: 5475: 5471: 5432: 5428: 5397: 5393: 5385: 5381: 5352: 5348: 5317: 5313: 5280:(8): e1006976. 5266: 5259: 5228: 5224: 5216: 5212: 5181: 5177: 5146: 5142: 5137: 5133: 5125: 5121: 5104: 5100: 5090: 5088: 5079: 5078: 5074: 5069: 5062: 5050: 5046: 5036: 5034: 5030: 5029: 5022: 5012: 5010: 5002: 5001: 4997: 4987: 4985: 4975: 4971: 4966: 4957: 4949: 4945: 4937: 4930: 4876: 4869: 4861: 4848: 4843: 4834: 4826: 4822: 4812: 4810: 4802: 4801: 4794: 4783: 4767: 4760: 4751: 4750: 4746: 4741: 4731: 4699: 4683: 4629: 4496:Alexandra Ndolo 4472: 4430: 4303: 4205:Anyang’ Nyong’o 4149: 4125:Rosemary Odinga 4106: 4044: 4037: 4031: 4030: 4025: 4016: 4010: 4009: 4004: 3995: 3992: 3991: 3986: 3977: 3974: 3973: 3968: 3959: 3953: 3952: 3947: 3938: 3935: 3934: 3929: 3920: 3917: 3916: 3911: 3902: 3900:Cultural critic 3899: 3898: 3893: 3884: 3877: 3876: 3871: 3862: 3859: 3858: 3853: 3844: 3841: 3840: 3835: 3826: 3823: 3822: 3817: 3808: 3805: 3804: 3799: 3790: 3784: 3783: 3778: 3769: 3763: 3762: 3757: 3748: 3745: 3744: 3739: 3727: 3721: 3703: 3484:referred to as 3435: 3429: 3408: 3366: 3360: 3328: 3317: 3212:jaduong' gweng' 3188: 3183: 3175:Haplogroup E-M2 3135: 3055:Anyang' Nyong'o 2929:Hezekiah Ochuka 2925:Kenya Air Force 2891:Nyanza Province 2883:Kisumu massacre 2818: 2782:Barack Obama Sr 2770:Wangari Maathai 2762:Kennedy Airlift 2714: 2702:Argwings Kodhek 2674:White Highlands 2662: 2652:(chief) of the 2610:Uhuru Wa Africa 2408:Ochieng Ger III 2388: 2368:Thimlich Ohinga 2360:Thimlich Ohinga 2296:Mfangano Island 2248:Buganda Kingdom 2212:Nyanza province 2200: 2141:Acholi language 2062:Babiito dynasty 2056:moved into the 2050:Shilluk Kingdom 1977:which included 1975:Kingdom of Kush 1967:Nilotic peoples 1935:Nilotic peoples 1927:Nilotic peoples 1915: 1910: 1904:Nilotic peoples 1898:Main articles: 1896: 1876:Nyanza province 1864: 1733:Western Nilotic 1723:They speak the 1716:, and northern 1712:, southwestern 1704:, southwestern 1654: 1616: 1614: 1607: 1606: 1592:National anthem 1577: 1576: 1567: 1566: 1532:Jumba la Mtwana 1522:Thimlich Ohinga 1497: 1496: 1487: 1486: 1443:Athletics Kenya 1438: 1437: 1426: 1425: 1401:The EastAfrican 1359:98.4 Capital FM 1273: 1272: 1261: 1260: 1235:Performing arts 1189: 1188: 1176: 1175: 1166: 1165: 1154: 1153: 1144:Traditional art 1139: 1138: 1129: 1128: 1099: 1098: 1087: 1086: 1002: 1001: 983: 982: 946:Bantu mythology 941: 940: 931: 930: 723: 722: 711: 710: 371:Sirikwa culture 338: 337: 326: 325: 276: 275: 251: 104: 102: 70: 51: 46: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8962: 8952: 8951: 8946: 8941: 8936: 8931: 8926: 8921: 8904: 8903: 8901: 8900: 8895: 8890: 8885: 8880: 8875: 8870: 8865: 8860: 8855: 8850: 8845: 8840: 8835: 8830: 8825: 8820: 8815: 8810: 8805: 8800: 8795: 8790: 8785: 8780: 8775: 8770: 8765: 8760: 8755: 8750: 8745: 8740: 8735: 8730: 8725: 8720: 8715: 8710: 8705: 8700: 8695: 8690: 8685: 8679: 8676: 8675: 8668: 8667: 8660: 8653: 8645: 8636: 8635: 8633: 8632: 8627: 8622: 8617: 8611: 8609: 8603: 8602: 8600: 8599: 8594: 8589: 8583: 8581: 8571: 8570: 8568: 8567: 8562: 8557: 8552: 8547: 8542: 8537: 8532: 8526: 8524: 8518: 8517: 8515: 8514: 8509: 8504: 8498: 8496: 8490: 8489: 8487: 8486: 8481: 8476: 8471: 8465: 8463: 8457: 8456: 8454: 8453: 8448: 8443: 8437: 8435: 8429: 8428: 8426: 8425: 8419: 8417: 8411: 8410: 8408: 8407: 8402: 8397: 8391: 8389: 8383: 8382: 8380: 8379: 8374: 8369: 8364: 8359: 8354: 8348: 8346: 8340: 8339: 8337: 8336: 8331: 8326: 8321: 8316: 8310: 8308: 8302: 8301: 8299: 8298: 8293: 8288: 8283: 8278: 8273: 8268: 8262: 8260: 8254: 8253: 8251: 8250: 8245: 8240: 8235: 8230: 8225: 8219: 8217: 8211: 8210: 8208: 8207: 8202: 8197: 8191: 8189: 8183: 8182: 8180: 8179: 8174: 8169: 8164: 8158: 8156: 8150: 8149: 8147: 8146: 8141: 8136: 8131: 8126: 8121: 8115: 8113: 8107: 8106: 8104: 8103: 8098: 8093: 8088: 8083: 8077: 8075: 8069: 8068: 8066: 8065: 8060: 8055: 8050: 8045: 8040: 8035: 8030: 8025: 8019: 8017: 8011: 8010: 8008: 8007: 8002: 7997: 7992: 7987: 7982: 7977: 7971: 7969: 7963: 7962: 7960: 7959: 7954: 7949: 7944: 7939: 7934: 7929: 7923: 7921: 7915: 7914: 7912: 7911: 7906: 7901: 7895: 7893: 7887: 7886: 7884: 7883: 7878: 7873: 7868: 7863: 7858: 7853: 7848: 7842: 7840: 7834: 7833: 7831: 7830: 7825: 7820: 7815: 7810: 7804: 7802: 7796: 7795: 7793: 7792: 7787: 7782: 7777: 7771: 7769: 7763: 7762: 7760: 7759: 7754: 7749: 7743: 7741: 7735: 7734: 7732: 7731: 7726: 7721: 7715: 7713: 7707: 7706: 7704: 7703: 7698: 7693: 7688: 7683: 7678: 7672: 7670: 7664: 7663: 7661: 7660: 7655: 7649: 7647: 7641: 7640: 7638: 7637: 7632: 7627: 7622: 7617: 7612: 7606: 7604: 7598: 7597: 7590: 7589: 7582: 7575: 7567: 7558: 7557: 7551: 7548: 7547: 7545: 7544: 7538: 7536: 7530: 7529: 7527: 7526: 7521: 7515: 7513: 7507: 7506: 7504: 7503: 7498: 7493: 7488: 7483: 7478: 7473: 7468: 7463: 7457: 7455: 7449: 7448: 7446: 7445: 7440: 7435: 7430: 7425: 7420: 7415: 7410: 7405: 7400: 7395: 7389: 7387: 7381: 7380: 7378: 7377: 7372: 7367: 7362: 7357: 7352: 7347: 7342: 7337: 7332: 7327: 7322: 7317: 7312: 7307: 7302: 7297: 7292: 7287: 7282: 7276: 7274: 7268: 7267: 7257: 7256: 7249: 7242: 7234: 7227: 7226:External links 7224: 7223: 7222: 7204: 7190: 7181: 7178: 7175: 7174: 7152: 7129: 7088: 7049: 7028: 7008: 6981: 6967: 6937: 6906: 6879:(1): 103–113. 6863: 6837: 6823: 6821:Cited 19-12-20 6810: 6796: 6781: 6763: 6751: 6732:(4): 767–778. 6716: 6693: 6644: 6632: 6617: 6615:Cited 18-12-20 6604: 6591: 6589:Cited 18-12-20 6578: 6569: 6546: 6534: 6522: 6503:(5): 725–739. 6487: 6485:Cited 11-11-20 6474: 6456: 6430: 6421: 6419:, p. 201. 6406: 6378: 6366: 6355:. 28 June 2020 6340: 6325: 6307: 6281: 6258: 6256:, p. 200. 6246: 6234: 6222: 6210: 6198: 6186: 6174: 6162: 6160:, p. 119. 6150: 6138: 6126: 6105: 6093: 6057: 6045: 6033: 6020:10.2307/217849 6014:(4): 653–670. 5998: 5986: 5941: 5920: 5903: 5890: 5878: 5866: 5838: 5836:, p. 219. 5826: 5791: 5789:, p. 218. 5776: 5774:, p. 128. 5761: 5742:(1): 123–138. 5726: 5691: 5669: 5634: 5632:, p. 135. 5622: 5620:, p. 212. 5610: 5608:, p. 144. 5598: 5579: 5556: 5544: 5517:(3): 407–426. 5501: 5486: 5482:978-1849049597 5469: 5442:(4): 433–442. 5426: 5407:(2): 177–189. 5391: 5379: 5346: 5327:(1): 151–163. 5311: 5257: 5238:(2): 159–172. 5222: 5210: 5175: 5162:10.1086/201823 5140: 5131: 5119: 5098: 5072: 5060: 5044: 5020: 4995: 4969: 4955: 4943: 4928: 4867: 4846: 4832: 4820: 4792: 4781: 4758: 4753:"Luo in Kenya" 4743: 4742: 4740: 4737: 4736: 4735: 4730:978-1101870327 4729: 4716: 4703: 4697: 4682: 4679: 4678: 4677: 4664: 4658: 4652: 4642: 4636: 4628: 4625: 4624: 4623: 4618: 4613: 4608: 4603: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4583: 4578: 4573: 4568: 4566:Lameck Onyango 4563: 4558: 4553: 4548: 4546:Michael Olunga 4543: 4538: 4533: 4528: 4523: 4518: 4513: 4511:Billy Odhiambo 4508: 4503: 4498: 4493: 4488: 4483: 4478: 4471: 4468: 4467: 4466: 4461: 4456: 4451: 4446: 4444:Margaret Ogola 4441: 4436: 4429: 4426: 4425: 4424: 4419: 4414: 4409: 4404: 4399: 4394: 4389: 4384: 4382:Lupita Nyong’o 4379: 4374: 4369: 4364: 4359: 4354: 4349: 4347:Princess Jully 4344: 4339: 4334: 4329: 4324: 4319: 4314: 4309: 4302: 4299: 4298: 4297: 4292: 4287: 4282: 4277: 4272: 4267: 4262: 4257: 4252: 4247: 4242: 4237: 4232: 4227: 4222: 4217: 4212: 4207: 4202: 4197: 4192: 4187: 4182: 4177: 4172: 4167: 4161: 4160: 4158:Oyai Deng Ajak 4155: 4148: 4145: 4144: 4143: 4137: 4132: 4127: 4122: 4117: 4112: 4105: 4102: 4101: 4100: 4095: 4090: 4085: 4080: 4075: 4070: 4065: 4060: 4055: 4050: 4043: 4040: 4039: 4038: 4026: 4019: 4017: 4005: 3998: 3996: 3987: 3980: 3978: 3969: 3962: 3960: 3950:Margaret Ogola 3948: 3941: 3939: 3930: 3923: 3921: 3912: 3905: 3903: 3894: 3887: 3885: 3874:Lupita Nyong'o 3872: 3865: 3863: 3854: 3847: 3845: 3836: 3829: 3827: 3818: 3811: 3809: 3800: 3793: 3791: 3787:Nairobi County 3779: 3772: 3770: 3758: 3751: 3749: 3740: 3733: 3731: 3730:Notable people 3720: 3717: 3702: 3699: 3679:Achieng' Abura 3428: 3425: 3407: 3404: 3359: 3356: 3327: 3324: 3316: 3313: 3284:The second Lu 3261:was coined by 3187: 3184: 3182: 3179: 3163:Bantu speaking 3134: 3131: 3079:Lupita Nyong'o 2977:Martin Shikuku 2973:Kenneth Matiba 2961:Moi government 2854:Pio Gama Pinto 2817: 2814: 2774:George Saitoti 2745:, inspired by 2713: 2710: 2690:Kapenguria six 2661: 2658: 2571:James Beauttah 2455:Rusinga Island 2396:Uganda Railway 2387: 2386:Colonial times 2384: 2334:speakers, the 2300:Bantu speakers 2199: 2196: 2127:), especially 2097:Bahr el-Ghazal 2004:occurred from 1971:Middle Eastern 1939:Bahr-el-Ghazal 1914: 1911: 1895: 1892: 1874:in the former 1863: 1860: 1841:Lupita Nyong'o 1796:and winner of 1735:branch of the 1688:(17.13%), the 1656: 1655: 1653: 1652: 1645: 1638: 1630: 1627: 1626: 1625: 1624: 1609: 1608: 1605: 1604: 1599: 1594: 1589: 1584: 1578: 1574: 1573: 1572: 1569: 1568: 1565: 1564: 1559: 1554: 1549: 1544: 1539: 1534: 1529: 1524: 1519: 1514: 1509: 1504: 1498: 1494: 1493: 1492: 1489: 1488: 1485: 1484: 1479: 1474: 1473: 1472: 1462: 1461: 1460: 1455: 1445: 1439: 1433: 1432: 1431: 1428: 1427: 1424: 1423: 1418: 1413: 1408: 1403: 1398: 1393: 1388: 1377: 1376: 1371: 1366: 1361: 1350: 1349: 1344: 1339: 1334: 1329: 1318: 1317: 1312: 1307: 1302: 1291: 1290: 1285: 1280: 1274: 1268: 1267: 1266: 1263: 1262: 1259: 1258: 1253: 1248: 1243: 1232: 1231: 1226: 1221: 1216: 1211: 1209:Kenyan hip hop 1206: 1201: 1196: 1190: 1183: 1182: 1181: 1178: 1177: 1174: 1173: 1167: 1161: 1160: 1159: 1156: 1155: 1152: 1151: 1146: 1140: 1136: 1135: 1134: 1131: 1130: 1127: 1126: 1121: 1116: 1111: 1106: 1100: 1094: 1093: 1092: 1089: 1088: 1085: 1084: 1079: 1074: 1069: 1064: 1059: 1054: 1049: 1044: 1039: 1034: 1029: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1009: 1007:New Year's Day 1003: 997: 996: 995: 992: 991: 985: 984: 981: 980: 975: 970: 965: 960: 959: 958: 953: 942: 938: 937: 936: 933: 932: 929: 928: 927: 926: 925: 924: 919: 909: 908: 907: 897: 896: 895: 890: 885: 880: 864: 863: 862: 861: 860: 859: 849: 848: 847: 842: 826: 825: 824: 823: 822: 821: 816: 811: 806: 790: 789: 788: 787: 786: 785: 780: 775: 770: 765: 760: 755: 750: 745: 740: 724: 718: 717: 716: 713: 712: 709: 708: 706:Kenyan Britons 703: 698: 687: 686: 681: 676: 671: 666: 661: 656: 651: 650: 649: 644: 639: 634: 624: 619: 614: 609: 604: 599: 594: 589: 584: 579: 574: 569: 564: 559: 554: 549: 544: 539: 534: 529: 524: 519: 518: 517: 512: 507: 502: 497: 492: 487: 482: 472: 471: 470: 465: 460: 455: 450: 445: 440: 435: 430: 425: 420: 415: 410: 405: 395: 384: 383: 378: 373: 368: 363: 358: 353: 348: 339: 333: 332: 331: 328: 327: 324: 323: 321:Recent history 318: 313: 308: 303: 298: 293: 288: 283: 277: 271: 270: 269: 266: 265: 257: 256: 248: 247: 235: 234: 228: 224: 223: 217: 213: 212: 206: 202: 201: 191: 187: 186: 178: 177: 162: 161: 157: 156: 142: 141: 137: 136: 122: 121: 117: 116: 113: 99: 98: 87: 86: 82: 81: 77: 76: 72: 71: 67:Bomas of Kenya 64: 49: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8961: 8950: 8947: 8945: 8942: 8940: 8937: 8935: 8932: 8930: 8927: 8925: 8922: 8920: 8917: 8916: 8914: 8899: 8896: 8894: 8891: 8889: 8886: 8884: 8881: 8879: 8876: 8874: 8871: 8869: 8866: 8864: 8861: 8859: 8856: 8854: 8851: 8849: 8846: 8844: 8841: 8839: 8836: 8834: 8831: 8829: 8826: 8824: 8821: 8819: 8816: 8814: 8811: 8809: 8806: 8804: 8801: 8799: 8796: 8794: 8791: 8789: 8786: 8784: 8781: 8779: 8776: 8774: 8771: 8769: 8766: 8764: 8761: 8759: 8756: 8754: 8751: 8749: 8746: 8744: 8741: 8739: 8736: 8734: 8731: 8729: 8726: 8724: 8721: 8719: 8716: 8714: 8711: 8709: 8706: 8704: 8701: 8699: 8696: 8694: 8691: 8689: 8686: 8684: 8681: 8680: 8677: 8673: 8666: 8661: 8659: 8654: 8652: 8647: 8646: 8643: 8631: 8628: 8626: 8623: 8621: 8618: 8616: 8613: 8612: 8610: 8608: 8604: 8598: 8595: 8593: 8590: 8588: 8585: 8584: 8582: 8580: 8576: 8572: 8566: 8563: 8561: 8558: 8556: 8553: 8551: 8548: 8546: 8543: 8541: 8538: 8536: 8533: 8531: 8528: 8527: 8525: 8523: 8519: 8513: 8510: 8508: 8505: 8503: 8500: 8499: 8497: 8495: 8491: 8485: 8482: 8480: 8477: 8475: 8472: 8470: 8467: 8466: 8464: 8462: 8458: 8452: 8449: 8447: 8444: 8442: 8439: 8438: 8436: 8434: 8430: 8424: 8421: 8420: 8418: 8416: 8412: 8406: 8403: 8401: 8398: 8396: 8393: 8392: 8390: 8388: 8384: 8378: 8375: 8373: 8370: 8368: 8365: 8363: 8360: 8358: 8355: 8353: 8350: 8349: 8347: 8345: 8341: 8335: 8332: 8330: 8327: 8325: 8322: 8320: 8317: 8315: 8312: 8311: 8309: 8307: 8303: 8297: 8294: 8292: 8289: 8287: 8284: 8282: 8279: 8277: 8274: 8272: 8269: 8267: 8264: 8263: 8261: 8259: 8255: 8249: 8246: 8244: 8241: 8239: 8236: 8234: 8231: 8229: 8226: 8224: 8221: 8220: 8218: 8216: 8212: 8206: 8203: 8201: 8198: 8196: 8193: 8192: 8190: 8188: 8184: 8178: 8175: 8173: 8170: 8168: 8165: 8163: 8160: 8159: 8157: 8155: 8151: 8145: 8142: 8140: 8137: 8135: 8132: 8130: 8127: 8125: 8122: 8120: 8117: 8116: 8114: 8112: 8108: 8102: 8099: 8097: 8094: 8092: 8089: 8087: 8084: 8082: 8079: 8078: 8076: 8074: 8070: 8064: 8061: 8059: 8056: 8054: 8051: 8049: 8046: 8044: 8041: 8039: 8036: 8034: 8031: 8029: 8026: 8024: 8021: 8020: 8018: 8016: 8012: 8006: 8003: 8001: 7998: 7996: 7993: 7991: 7988: 7986: 7983: 7981: 7978: 7976: 7973: 7972: 7970: 7968: 7964: 7958: 7955: 7953: 7950: 7948: 7945: 7943: 7940: 7938: 7935: 7933: 7930: 7928: 7925: 7924: 7922: 7920: 7916: 7910: 7907: 7905: 7902: 7900: 7897: 7896: 7894: 7892: 7888: 7882: 7879: 7877: 7874: 7872: 7869: 7867: 7864: 7862: 7859: 7857: 7854: 7852: 7849: 7847: 7844: 7843: 7841: 7839: 7835: 7829: 7826: 7824: 7821: 7819: 7816: 7814: 7811: 7809: 7806: 7805: 7803: 7801: 7797: 7791: 7788: 7786: 7783: 7781: 7778: 7776: 7773: 7772: 7770: 7768: 7764: 7758: 7755: 7753: 7750: 7748: 7745: 7744: 7742: 7740: 7736: 7730: 7727: 7725: 7722: 7720: 7717: 7716: 7714: 7712: 7708: 7702: 7699: 7697: 7694: 7692: 7689: 7687: 7684: 7682: 7679: 7677: 7674: 7673: 7671: 7669: 7665: 7659: 7656: 7654: 7651: 7650: 7648: 7646: 7645:Dar es Salaam 7642: 7636: 7633: 7631: 7628: 7626: 7623: 7621: 7618: 7616: 7613: 7611: 7608: 7607: 7605: 7603: 7599: 7595: 7588: 7583: 7581: 7576: 7574: 7569: 7568: 7565: 7555: 7549: 7543: 7540: 7539: 7537: 7535: 7531: 7525: 7522: 7520: 7517: 7516: 7514: 7512: 7508: 7502: 7499: 7497: 7494: 7492: 7489: 7487: 7484: 7482: 7479: 7477: 7474: 7472: 7469: 7467: 7464: 7462: 7459: 7458: 7456: 7454: 7450: 7444: 7441: 7439: 7436: 7434: 7431: 7429: 7426: 7424: 7421: 7419: 7416: 7414: 7411: 7409: 7406: 7404: 7401: 7399: 7396: 7394: 7391: 7390: 7388: 7386: 7382: 7376: 7373: 7371: 7368: 7366: 7363: 7361: 7358: 7356: 7353: 7351: 7348: 7346: 7343: 7341: 7338: 7336: 7333: 7331: 7328: 7326: 7323: 7321: 7318: 7316: 7313: 7311: 7308: 7306: 7303: 7301: 7298: 7296: 7293: 7291: 7288: 7286: 7283: 7281: 7278: 7277: 7275: 7273: 7269: 7262: 7255: 7250: 7248: 7243: 7241: 7236: 7235: 7232: 7220: 7216: 7212: 7208: 7205: 7203: 7202:9966-855-56-4 7199: 7195: 7191: 7188: 7184: 7183: 7159: 7155: 7153:9789054480815 7149: 7142: 7141: 7133: 7125: 7119: 7103: 7099: 7092: 7084: 7080: 7076: 7072: 7068: 7064: 7060: 7053: 7045: 7039: 7031: 7029:9789966123138 7025: 7021: 7020: 7012: 7004: 7000: 6996: 6992: 6985: 6970: 6964: 6960: 6956: 6952: 6948: 6941: 6933: 6929: 6925: 6921: 6917: 6910: 6902: 6898: 6894: 6890: 6886: 6882: 6878: 6874: 6867: 6859: 6855: 6851: 6844: 6842: 6833: 6827: 6820: 6814: 6806: 6800: 6792: 6788: 6784: 6778: 6774: 6767: 6760: 6755: 6747: 6743: 6739: 6735: 6731: 6727: 6720: 6712: 6708: 6704: 6697: 6689: 6685: 6681: 6677: 6672: 6667: 6664:(7): 867–76. 6663: 6659: 6655: 6648: 6641: 6636: 6630: 6627: 6621: 6614: 6608: 6601: 6595: 6588: 6582: 6573: 6566: 6562: 6558: 6555: 6550: 6544: 6538: 6532: 6526: 6518: 6514: 6510: 6506: 6502: 6498: 6491: 6484: 6478: 6472: 6468: 6465: 6460: 6444: 6440: 6434: 6425: 6418: 6413: 6411: 6395: 6391: 6385: 6383: 6376: 6370: 6354: 6350: 6344: 6336: 6332: 6328: 6326:0-435-90038-2 6322: 6319:. Heinemann. 6318: 6311: 6295: 6291: 6285: 6277: 6273: 6269: 6262: 6255: 6250: 6244: 6238: 6229: 6227: 6219: 6214: 6207: 6202: 6195: 6190: 6184:, p. 70. 6183: 6178: 6169: 6167: 6159: 6154: 6147: 6142: 6135: 6130: 6115: 6109: 6102: 6097: 6082: 6078: 6074: 6073: 6068: 6061: 6054: 6049: 6043:, p. 78. 6042: 6037: 6029: 6025: 6021: 6017: 6013: 6009: 6002: 5995: 5990: 5982: 5978: 5973: 5968: 5964: 5960: 5956: 5952: 5945: 5930: 5924: 5918: 5912: 5910: 5908: 5900: 5894: 5888: 5882: 5875: 5870: 5855: 5851: 5845: 5843: 5835: 5830: 5822: 5818: 5814: 5810: 5806: 5800: 5798: 5796: 5788: 5783: 5781: 5773: 5768: 5766: 5757: 5753: 5749: 5745: 5741: 5737: 5730: 5722: 5718: 5714: 5710: 5706: 5702: 5695: 5679: 5673: 5665: 5661: 5657: 5653: 5649: 5645: 5638: 5631: 5626: 5619: 5614: 5607: 5602: 5594: 5590: 5583: 5575: 5571: 5568:. J. Currey. 5567: 5560: 5553: 5548: 5540: 5536: 5532: 5528: 5524: 5520: 5516: 5512: 5505: 5498: 5493: 5491: 5483: 5479: 5473: 5465: 5461: 5457: 5453: 5449: 5445: 5441: 5437: 5430: 5422: 5418: 5414: 5410: 5406: 5402: 5395: 5388: 5383: 5374: 5369: 5365: 5361: 5357: 5350: 5342: 5338: 5334: 5330: 5326: 5322: 5315: 5307: 5303: 5298: 5293: 5288: 5283: 5279: 5275: 5274:PLOS Genetics 5271: 5264: 5262: 5253: 5249: 5245: 5241: 5237: 5233: 5226: 5220: 5214: 5206: 5202: 5198: 5194: 5191:(2): 99–143. 5190: 5186: 5179: 5171: 5167: 5163: 5159: 5155: 5151: 5144: 5135: 5129:, p. 41. 5128: 5123: 5116: 5112: 5108: 5102: 5087:. 9 July 2015 5086: 5082: 5076: 5067: 5065: 5058: 5057:9781400082773 5054: 5048: 5033: 5027: 5025: 5009: 5005: 4999: 4984: 4980: 4973: 4964: 4962: 4960: 4952: 4947: 4940: 4935: 4933: 4924: 4920: 4915: 4910: 4906: 4902: 4898: 4894: 4890: 4886: 4882: 4874: 4872: 4864: 4859: 4857: 4855: 4853: 4851: 4841: 4839: 4837: 4829: 4824: 4809: 4805: 4799: 4797: 4788: 4784: 4778: 4774: 4773: 4765: 4763: 4754: 4748: 4744: 4732: 4726: 4722: 4717: 4713: 4709: 4704: 4700: 4698:9780230377707 4694: 4690: 4685: 4684: 4676: 4672: 4668: 4665: 4662: 4659: 4656: 4653: 4651:football club 4650: 4646: 4643: 4640: 4637: 4634: 4631: 4630: 4622: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4609: 4607: 4604: 4602: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4587: 4584: 4582: 4579: 4577: 4574: 4572: 4569: 4567: 4564: 4562: 4561:Brian Onyango 4559: 4557: 4554: 4552: 4551:Johanna Omolo 4549: 4547: 4544: 4542: 4541:Dennis Oliech 4539: 4537: 4534: 4532: 4529: 4527: 4524: 4522: 4519: 4517: 4516:Rees Odhiambo 4514: 4512: 4509: 4507: 4504: 4502: 4499: 4497: 4494: 4492: 4491:Andrew Amonde 4489: 4487: 4484: 4482: 4481:Daniel Adongo 4479: 4477: 4474: 4473: 4465: 4462: 4460: 4457: 4455: 4452: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4442: 4440: 4437: 4435: 4432: 4431: 4423: 4420: 4418: 4415: 4413: 4410: 4408: 4405: 4403: 4402:George Ramogi 4400: 4398: 4397:Sidede Onyulo 4395: 4393: 4390: 4388: 4385: 4383: 4380: 4378: 4377:Tony Nyadundo 4375: 4373: 4370: 4368: 4365: 4363: 4360: 4358: 4355: 4353: 4350: 4348: 4345: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4335: 4333: 4332:Gaylyne Ayugi 4330: 4328: 4327:Esther Arunga 4325: 4323: 4320: 4318: 4315: 4313: 4310: 4308: 4305: 4304: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4286: 4285:Dalmas Otieno 4283: 4281: 4278: 4276: 4273: 4271: 4268: 4266: 4263: 4261: 4258: 4256: 4253: 4251: 4248: 4246: 4243: 4241: 4238: 4236: 4235:Oginga Odinga 4233: 4231: 4228: 4226: 4223: 4221: 4218: 4216: 4213: 4211: 4208: 4206: 4203: 4201: 4200:Miguna Miguna 4198: 4196: 4193: 4191: 4188: 4186: 4183: 4181: 4178: 4176: 4173: 4171: 4168: 4166: 4163: 4162: 4159: 4156: 4154: 4151: 4150: 4141: 4138: 4136: 4133: 4131: 4128: 4126: 4123: 4121: 4118: 4116: 4113: 4111: 4108: 4107: 4099: 4096: 4094: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4081: 4079: 4076: 4074: 4071: 4069: 4066: 4064: 4061: 4059: 4058:Tavia Nyong'o 4056: 4054: 4053:George Magoha 4051: 4049: 4048:George Abungu 4046: 4045: 4035: 4029: 4023: 4018: 4014: 4008: 4002: 3997: 3990: 3989:Dennis Oliech 3984: 3979: 3972: 3971:Bethwell Ogot 3966: 3961: 3957: 3951: 3945: 3940: 3933: 3927: 3922: 3915: 3914:Oginga Odinga 3909: 3904: 3897: 3896:Tavia Nyong'o 3891: 3886: 3881: 3880:Academy Award 3875: 3869: 3864: 3857: 3856:Miguna Miguna 3851: 3846: 3839: 3833: 3828: 3821: 3815: 3810: 3803: 3797: 3792: 3788: 3782: 3776: 3771: 3767: 3761: 3755: 3750: 3743: 3737: 3732: 3729: 3728: 3726: 3716: 3713: 3709: 3706: 3698: 3696: 3695:Onyi Papa Jey 3692: 3691:Tony Nyadundo 3688: 3684: 3683:George Ramogi 3680: 3676: 3675:Collela Mazee 3672: 3668: 3667:Suzanna Owiyo 3664: 3659: 3657: 3656: 3651: 3647: 3643: 3638: 3636: 3632: 3628: 3624: 3620: 3616: 3615: 3607: 3603: 3599: 3597: 3596: 3591: 3587: 3586: 3585: 3579: 3578: 3573: 3569: 3568: 3567: 3561: 3557: 3556: 3551: 3550: 3544: 3542: 3541: 3536: 3535: 3530: 3529: 3528: 3522: 3521: 3520: 3513: 3512: 3505: 3503: 3497: 3495: 3494: 3489: 3488: 3481: 3477: 3473: 3471: 3467: 3466: 3461: 3460: 3459:ohangla dance 3456: 3451: 3450: 3439: 3434: 3424: 3422: 3418: 3412: 3403: 3401: 3400:Kisumu, Kenya 3397: 3393: 3389: 3385: 3380: 3378: 3374: 3371: 3365: 3355: 3353: 3349: 3345: 3341: 3337: 3333: 3323: 3320: 3312: 3310: 3305: 3301: 3298: 3294: 3290: 3285: 3282: 3280: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3256: 3251: 3247: 3246:Osumba Mrwayi 3243: 3242:jodong gweng' 3239: 3235: 3231: 3227: 3223: 3219: 3218: 3213: 3209: 3205: 3201: 3197: 3193: 3178: 3176: 3171: 3168: 3167:David Reich's 3164: 3160: 3155: 3151: 3147: 3142: 3139: 3130: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3119:George Magoha 3116: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3100: 3096: 3092: 3088: 3084: 3080: 3076: 3072: 3068: 3064: 3063:Dalmas Otieno 3060: 3056: 3052: 3047: 3044: 3040: 3036: 3032: 3028: 3024: 3020: 3016: 3012: 3008: 3004: 3000: 2996: 2992: 2988: 2986: 2982: 2978: 2974: 2970: 2969:Oginga Odinga 2966: 2962: 2957: 2955: 2951: 2947: 2946:Lake Victoria 2943: 2938: 2934: 2933:Oginga Odinga 2930: 2926: 2922: 2918: 2914: 2910: 2909:Oginga Odinga 2906: 2904: 2900: 2899:Oginga Odinga 2896: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2875: 2870: 2868: 2863: 2859: 2855: 2851: 2847: 2846:Bildad Kaggia 2843: 2842:eastern blocs 2839: 2835: 2831: 2827: 2826:Jomo Kenyatta 2823: 2822:Oginga Odinga 2813: 2811: 2807: 2802: 2801:Jomo Kenyatta 2798: 2797:Oginga Odinga 2794: 2793:Oginga Odinga 2790: 2785: 2783: 2779: 2775: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2736: 2731: 2727: 2718: 2709: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2675: 2666: 2657: 2655: 2651: 2647: 2646:Oginga Odinga 2643: 2639: 2638:Jomo Kenyatta 2635: 2634:Jomo Kenyatta 2631: 2627: 2623: 2619: 2615: 2611: 2607: 2603: 2599: 2598:Achieng Oneko 2595: 2590: 2589:Oginga Odinga 2586: 2584: 2580: 2576: 2572: 2568: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2552: 2548: 2544: 2543:Kikuyu people 2540: 2536: 2532: 2527: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2512:Lake Victoria 2509: 2504: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2493: 2488: 2487:Odera Akang'o 2484: 2480: 2474: 2472: 2468: 2464: 2460: 2456: 2452: 2448: 2444: 2441:, a Canadian 2440: 2431: 2427: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2383: 2381: 2377: 2373: 2369: 2365: 2361: 2351: 2347: 2345: 2341: 2337: 2333: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2308:Urewe culture 2305: 2301: 2297: 2293: 2289: 2285: 2284:Migori county 2279: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2265: 2261: 2257: 2253: 2249: 2245: 2241: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2221: 2217: 2213: 2204: 2195: 2193: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2177: 2173: 2169: 2165: 2161: 2157: 2152: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2137:Alur language 2134: 2130: 2126: 2125:Eastern Congo 2122: 2119:and parts of 2118: 2115:people (From 2114: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2078: 2073: 2071: 2067: 2063: 2059: 2055: 2051: 2047: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2011: 2007: 2003: 1998: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1964: 1963:Nubian people 1960: 1956: 1952: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1932: 1928: 1919: 1909: 1905: 1901: 1891: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1877: 1873: 1869: 1859: 1857: 1853: 1848: 1846: 1845:Academy Award 1842: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1823: 1820:in 2007 with 1819: 1815: 1811: 1807: 1803: 1800:in 1991) and 1799: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1778: 1776: 1772: 1768: 1763: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1744: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1721: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1670:western Kenya 1667: 1663: 1651: 1646: 1644: 1639: 1637: 1632: 1631: 1629: 1628: 1623: 1613: 1612: 1611: 1610: 1603: 1600: 1598: 1595: 1593: 1590: 1588: 1585: 1583: 1580: 1579: 1571: 1570: 1563: 1560: 1558: 1555: 1553: 1550: 1548: 1545: 1543: 1540: 1538: 1535: 1533: 1530: 1528: 1527:Ruins of Gedi 1525: 1523: 1520: 1518: 1515: 1513: 1510: 1508: 1505: 1503: 1500: 1499: 1491: 1490: 1483: 1482:Golf in Kenya 1480: 1478: 1475: 1471: 1470:Safari Sevens 1468: 1467: 1466: 1463: 1459: 1456: 1454: 1451: 1450: 1449: 1446: 1444: 1441: 1440: 1436: 1430: 1429: 1422: 1419: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1407: 1406:Kenya Gazette 1404: 1402: 1399: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1387: 1384: 1383: 1382: 1381: 1375: 1372: 1370: 1367: 1365: 1362: 1360: 1357: 1356: 1355: 1354: 1348: 1345: 1343: 1340: 1338: 1335: 1333: 1330: 1328: 1325: 1324: 1323: 1322: 1316: 1313: 1311: 1308: 1306: 1303: 1301: 1298: 1297: 1296: 1295: 1289: 1286: 1284: 1281: 1279: 1276: 1275: 1271: 1265: 1264: 1257: 1254: 1252: 1249: 1247: 1244: 1242: 1239: 1238: 1237: 1236: 1230: 1227: 1225: 1222: 1220: 1217: 1215: 1212: 1210: 1207: 1205: 1202: 1200: 1197: 1195: 1192: 1191: 1186: 1180: 1179: 1172: 1169: 1168: 1164: 1158: 1157: 1150: 1149:Wangechi Mutu 1147: 1145: 1142: 1141: 1133: 1132: 1125: 1122: 1120: 1117: 1115: 1112: 1110: 1107: 1105: 1102: 1101: 1097: 1091: 1090: 1083: 1080: 1078: 1077:Christmas Day 1075: 1073: 1070: 1068: 1065: 1063: 1060: 1058: 1055: 1053: 1050: 1048: 1045: 1043: 1040: 1038: 1035: 1033: 1030: 1028: 1025: 1023: 1022:Easter Monday 1020: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1004: 1000: 994: 993: 990: 987: 986: 979: 978:Luanda Magere 976: 974: 971: 969: 966: 964: 961: 957: 954: 952: 949: 948: 947: 944: 943: 935: 934: 923: 920: 918: 915: 914: 913: 910: 906: 903: 902: 901: 898: 894: 891: 889: 886: 884: 881: 879: 878:West Germanic 876: 875: 874: 871: 870: 869: 868:Indo-European 866: 865: 858: 855: 854: 853: 850: 846: 843: 841: 838: 837: 836: 833: 832: 831: 828: 827: 820: 817: 815: 812: 810: 807: 805: 802: 801: 800: 797: 796: 795: 792: 791: 784: 781: 779: 776: 774: 771: 769: 766: 764: 761: 759: 756: 754: 751: 749: 746: 744: 741: 739: 736: 735: 734: 731: 730: 729: 726: 725: 721: 715: 714: 707: 704: 702: 699: 697: 694: 693: 692: 691: 685: 682: 680: 679:White Kenyans 677: 675: 674:Kenyan Asians 672: 670: 667: 665: 662: 660: 657: 655: 652: 648: 645: 643: 640: 638: 635: 633: 630: 629: 628: 625: 623: 620: 618: 615: 613: 610: 608: 605: 603: 600: 598: 595: 593: 590: 588: 585: 583: 580: 578: 575: 573: 570: 568: 565: 563: 560: 558: 555: 553: 550: 548: 545: 543: 540: 538: 535: 533: 530: 528: 525: 523: 520: 516: 513: 511: 508: 506: 503: 501: 498: 496: 493: 491: 488: 486: 483: 481: 478: 477: 476: 473: 469: 466: 464: 461: 459: 456: 454: 451: 449: 446: 444: 441: 439: 436: 434: 431: 429: 426: 424: 421: 419: 416: 414: 411: 409: 406: 404: 401: 400: 399: 396: 394: 391: 390: 389: 388: 382: 379: 377: 376:Urewe culture 374: 372: 369: 367: 364: 362: 359: 357: 354: 352: 349: 347: 344: 343: 342: 336: 330: 329: 322: 319: 317: 314: 312: 309: 307: 304: 302: 299: 297: 294: 292: 289: 287: 284: 282: 279: 278: 274: 268: 267: 263: 259: 258: 254: 250: 249: 245: 241: 240: 233:Luo/Nam Lolwe 232: 229: 225: 221: 218: 214: 210: 207: 203: 199: 195: 192: 188: 183: 176: 172: 169:, especially 168: 163: 158: 155: 151: 147: 143: 138: 135: 131: 127: 123: 118: 114: 112: 100: 97: 94:and northern 93: 88: 83: 78: 73: 68: 62: 57: 48: 44: 37: 33: 19: 8832: 7466:Borana Oromo 7422: 7385:Nilo-Saharan 7218: 7210: 7193: 7186: 7165:. Retrieved 7139: 7132: 7106:. Retrieved 7091: 7066: 7062: 7052: 7018: 7011: 6997:(3): 43–54. 6994: 6990: 6984: 6972:. Retrieved 6950: 6940: 6926:(1): 11–40. 6923: 6920:Nova Religio 6919: 6909: 6876: 6872: 6866: 6849: 6826: 6813: 6799: 6772: 6766: 6754: 6729: 6725: 6719: 6702: 6696: 6661: 6657: 6647: 6635: 6625: 6620: 6607: 6594: 6581: 6572: 6549: 6537: 6525: 6500: 6496: 6490: 6477: 6459: 6447:. Retrieved 6442: 6433: 6424: 6397:. Retrieved 6393: 6369: 6357:. Retrieved 6352: 6343: 6316: 6310: 6298:. Retrieved 6293: 6284: 6275: 6271: 6261: 6249: 6237: 6213: 6201: 6189: 6177: 6153: 6141: 6129: 6117:. Retrieved 6108: 6096: 6084:. Retrieved 6070: 6060: 6048: 6036: 6011: 6007: 6001: 5989: 5957:(1): 29–54. 5954: 5950: 5944: 5932:. Retrieved 5923: 5898: 5893: 5881: 5869: 5857:. Retrieved 5853: 5829: 5812: 5808: 5739: 5735: 5729: 5704: 5700: 5694: 5682:. Retrieved 5672: 5650:(1): 24–48. 5647: 5643: 5637: 5625: 5613: 5601: 5588: 5582: 5565: 5559: 5547: 5514: 5510: 5504: 5472: 5439: 5435: 5429: 5404: 5400: 5394: 5382: 5363: 5359: 5349: 5324: 5320: 5314: 5277: 5273: 5235: 5231: 5225: 5213: 5188: 5184: 5178: 5153: 5149: 5143: 5134: 5122: 5110: 5106: 5101: 5089:. Retrieved 5085:the Guardian 5084: 5075: 5047: 5035:. Retrieved 5011:. Retrieved 5007: 4998: 4986:. Retrieved 4983:The Guardian 4982: 4972: 4946: 4888: 4884: 4823: 4811:. Retrieved 4807: 4771: 4747: 4720: 4707: 4688: 4671:East African 4669:- A defunct 4645:Gor Mahia FC 4616:Steve Tikolo 4611:David Tikolo 4591:David Otunga 4581:Divock Origi 4576:Arnold Origi 4536:Joseph Okumu 4521:Thomas Odoyo 4464:Troy Onyango 4417:Prince Indah 4392:Joseph Olita 4357:Larry Madowo 4337:Okatch Biggy 4295:Raphael Tuju 4280:Phoebe Asiyo 4240:Raila Odinga 4230:Oburu Odinga 4215:Barack Obama 4165:Dennis Akumu 4115:Isis Nyong'o 4098:Walter Jaoko 4093:David Wasawo 4007:David Otunga 3932:Johnny Oduya 3781:Evans Kidero 3760:Barack Obama 3714: 3710: 3707: 3704: 3660: 3653: 3639: 3634: 3612: 3610: 3594: 3593: 3582: 3581: 3576: 3575: 3570:, a type of 3564: 3563: 3558:, a type of 3554: 3553: 3548: 3547: 3545: 3539: 3538: 3533: 3532: 3525: 3524: 3516: 3515: 3510: 3509: 3506: 3498: 3492: 3491: 3486: 3485: 3482: 3478: 3474: 3469: 3463: 3453: 3447: 3444: 3413: 3409: 3395: 3391: 3387: 3383: 3381: 3375:of males as 3373:circumcision 3367: 3343: 3334:(ngege) and 3329: 3321: 3318: 3308: 3306: 3302: 3296: 3293:Raila Odinga 3288: 3286: 3283: 3278: 3274: 3270: 3258: 3254: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3237: 3233: 3229: 3225: 3221: 3216: 3215: 3211: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3191: 3189: 3172: 3140: 3136: 3067:Peter Ombija 3053:, Professor 3051:James Orengo 3048: 3015:Raila Odinga 2997:started the 2995:Raila Odinga 2989: 2958: 2937:Raila Odinga 2935:and his son 2931:was foiled. 2920: 2907: 2894: 2871: 2819: 2786: 2778:Barack Obama 2737:through the 2723: 2694:Barack Obama 2671: 2649: 2613: 2609: 2601: 2587: 2583:Piny’ Owacho 2582: 2566: 2562: 2559:Kenya Colony 2534: 2531:Kenya Colony 2528: 2524:Kisii people 2505: 2500: 2490: 2486: 2478: 2475: 2463:South Nyanza 2436: 2389: 2375: 2371: 2356: 2280: 2276:South Nyanza 2260:South Nyanza 2239: 2235: 2223: 2219: 2209: 2191: 2187: 2183: 2180:Nyikwaramogi 2179: 2175: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2155: 2153: 2085:Southern Luo 2074: 2032:adoption of 2012:and western 1999: 1924: 1871: 1865: 1849: 1826:Barack Obama 1779: 1764: 1745: 1728: 1725:Luo language 1722: 1676:of northern 1661: 1659: 1587:Coat of arms 1416:The Standard 1396:Daily Nation 1379: 1378: 1352: 1351: 1320: 1319: 1293: 1292: 1234: 1233: 1062:Mashujaa Day 1037:Madaraka Day 900:Indo-Iranian 794:Nilo-Saharan 689: 688: 684:Kenyan Arabs 521: 386: 385: 340: 230: 219: 208: 197: 193: 146:Christianity 50:Ethnic group 47: 7891:Kilimanjaro 7453:Afroasiatic 7272:Niger–Congo 5972:10919/46785 5707:(1): 5–41. 5109:, (Series: 4675:Luo peoples 4661:Luo peoples 4655:Legio Maria 4639:Kisumu City 4601:David Owino 4571:Peter Opiyo 4486:Teddy Akumu 4422:Emma Jalamo 4342:Tedd Josiah 4290:Robert Ouko 4220:Malik Obama 4110:Susan Mboya 3838:Susan Mboya 3417:bride price 3384:Legio Maria 3071:PLO Lumumba 3035:Mwai Kibaki 3019:Mwai Kibaki 3007:Mwai Kibaki 2942:Robert Ouko 2780:'s father, 2626:Harry Thuku 2563:Piny Owacho 2495:of Gem, to 2304:West Africa 2166:, singular 2121:South Sudan 2101:South Sudan 2075:The Luo of 2054:Luo peoples 2042:The Shilluk 2038:Luo peoples 2028:as well as 2006:South Sudan 2002:Luo Peoples 1947:South Sudan 1900:Luo peoples 1880:Mara region 1775:East Africa 1748:Luo peoples 1741:Luo peoples 1702:South Sudan 1698:Luo peoples 1682:East Africa 1674:Mara Region 1517:Namoratunga 1411:Kenya Times 1374:Radio Maria 1109:Anglicanism 1104:Catholicism 1067:Jamhuri Day 1047:Eid al-Adha 1042:Eid al-Fitr 1017:Good Friday 830:Afroasiatic 728:Niger–Congo 281:Pleistocene 167:Luo peoples 32:Luo peoples 8919:Luo people 8913:Categories 8798:Karamojong 8607:Immigrants 8276:Ndengereko 7108:13 October 7069:(2): 159. 6974:2 December 6858:1026939363 6775:(Thesis). 6640:Reich 2018 5574:1096480559 5156:(4): 762. 5091:7 December 5013:7 December 4739:References 4621:Tom Tikolo 4586:Ian Otieno 4449:Grace Ogot 4387:Ayub Ogada 4372:Mercy Myra 4210:Auma Obama 4153:Pagan Amum 4140:ceda ogada 3723:See also: 3642:Ayub Ogada 3580:, a horn, 3514:), beads ( 3493:Sigalagala 3431:See also: 3377:initiation 3362:See also: 3200:jokang'ato 3043:Kofi Annan 2991:Ford-Kenya 2985:FORD-Kenya 2981:FORD-Asili 2292:Twa people 2272:Winam Gulf 2099:region in 2089:Nile river 2072:culture. 2046:White Nile 1547:Fort Jesus 1380:Newspapers 1332:Citizen TV 1321:Television 1278:Television 1163:Literature 1082:Boxing Day 1052:Huduma Day 1032:Labour day 973:Kit-Mikayi 905:Hindustani 80:10,028,000 43:Lua people 8713:Bafumbira 8507:Nyanyembe 8474:Nyamwanga 8387:Shinyanga 8362:Ndendeule 7471:Daasanach 7350:Mijikenda 7167:9 October 7038:cite book 6791:305309018 6759:Ogot 1967 6711:842972252 6417:Kyle 1999 6335:264794347 6278:(2): 441. 6254:Kyle 1999 6218:Kyle 1999 6206:Kyle 1999 6194:Kyle 1999 6182:Kyle 1999 6158:Kyle 1999 6146:Kyle 1999 6134:Kyle 1999 6101:Kyle 1999 6081:0140-0460 6072:The Times 6053:Kyle 1999 6041:Kyle 1999 5994:Kyle 1999 5874:Kyle 1999 5834:Ogot 1967 5787:Ogot 1967 5772:Ogot 1967 5756:162233816 5664:161788802 5630:Ogot 1967 5618:Ogot 1967 5606:Ogot 1967 5552:Ogot 1967 5539:154445649 5497:Ogot 1967 5464:153539947 5421:161548406 5387:Ogot 1967 5341:134352296 5252:162767986 5170:144379335 5127:Ogot 1967 4951:Kyle 1999 4939:Ogot 1967 4863:Ogot 1967 4828:Ogot 1967 4606:Eric Ouma 4596:Mark Ouma 4459:Tina Ogal 4412:Musa Juma 4352:Musa Juma 4195:Tom Mboya 3975:Historian 3820:Tom Mboya 3687:Musa Juma 3574:), wind ( 3517:Ombulu / 3470:(nyawawa) 3449:Tero buru 3267:Luo Union 2879:Tom Mboya 2789:Tom Mboya 2730:Tom Mboya 2726:Tom Mboya 2720:Tom Mboya 2654:Luo Union 2618:Luo Union 2606:Paul Ngei 2539:Kavirondo 2451:Kendu Bay 2447:Nyasaland 2412:Maxim gun 2380:euphorbia 2376:Gunda Bur 2240:Jok’Omolo 2236:Jok’Owiny 2095:from the 1872:Nam Lolwe 1847:in 2014. 1782:Tom Mboya 1750:found in 1542:Siyu Fort 1537:Lamu Fort 1495:Monuments 1369:Pamoja FM 999:Festivals 939:Mythology 893:Afrikaans 773:Kigiryama 763:Oluluhyia 720:Languages 627:Mijikenda 381:Shungwaya 286:Neolithic 120:Languages 8575:Zanzibar 8502:Nyamwezi 8405:Nyamwezi 8111:Morogoro 8086:Nyakyusa 7985:Barabaig 7927:Machinga 7856:Holoholo 7552:Source: 7542:European 7534:European 7491:Rendille 7408:Kalenjin 7158:Archived 7118:cite web 7102:Archived 6901:38589713 6787:ProQuest 6688:20279122 6680:15856073 6557:Archived 6517:73647364 6467:Archived 6443:BBC News 6399:1 August 6359:1 August 6300:1 August 6119:1 August 6086:1 August 5934:1 August 5684:1 August 5306:28837655 5205:19466568 5037:1 August 4923:19407144 4813:24 March 4787:Archived 4627:See also 3746:Musician 3342:(called 3150:Cushitic 3138:Tishkoff 3133:Genetics 3033:against 2954:HIV/AIDS 2895:de facto 2874:Cold War 2834:Cold War 2640:visited 2541:and the 2520:Mumboism 2508:Mumboism 2422:then at 2340:Kipsigis 2268:Mfangano 2224:Joka Jok 2220:Joka Jok 2192:Jur-Chol 2176:Joramogi 2081:Tanzania 1955:Khartoum 1862:Location 1718:Tanzania 1706:Ethiopia 1694:Kalenjin 1678:Tanzania 1672:and the 1421:The Star 1096:Religion 873:Germanic 840:Rendille 835:Cushitic 809:Kalenjin 768:Kipokomo 753:Ekegusii 690:Diaspora 612:Rendille 587:Ilchamus 490:Kipsigis 485:Marakwet 475:Kalenjin 443:Maragoli 244:a series 242:Part of 216:Language 196:luo (m)/ 140:Religion 96:Tanzania 90:Western 8898:Wahinda 8883:Songora 8848:Nubians 8828:Lugbara 8743:Bunyoro 8738:Baruuli 8733:Banyole 8728:Banyala 8718:Baganda 8597:Swahili 8592:Shirazi 8565:Swahili 8512:Swahili 8451:Nyaturu 8433:Singida 8352:Matengo 8329:Tumbuka 8286:Swahili 8177:Swahili 8162:Makonde 8144:Vidunda 8048:Ngurimi 7995:Kw'adza 7967:Manyara 7957:Swahili 7942:Makonde 7932:Matumbi 7876:Swahili 7866:Manyema 7818:Konongo 7775:Hangaza 7701:Sandawe 7681:Burunge 7653:Swahili 7615:Datooga 7519:Chinese 7476:El Molo 7443:Turkana 7413:Samburu 7365:Swahili 7305:Giriama 7083:1581402 6893:4255314 6746:3052969 6565:The Age 6449:1 March 5981:3556798 5859:10 July 5721:3097285 5297:5587336 4914:2947357 4893:Bibcode 4885:Science 4681:Sources 4317:Akothee 3663:Akothee 3631:nyatiti 3623:Swahili 3606:Nyatiti 3555:nyatiti 3502:nyatiti 3487:Pakruok 3332:tilapia 3326:Cuisine 3196:anyuola 3146:Nilotic 3081:won an 3021:in the 2950:poverty 2921:de jure 2850:Mau Mau 2838:western 2768:winner 2706:Mau Mau 2567:Kipande 2557:to the 2547:Nairobi 2535:Kipande 2497:Kampala 2392:British 2372:Ohingni 2264:Rusinga 2172:Jaonagi 2133:Padhola 2030:Nilotic 2018:Makuria 1991:Nobatia 1987:Makuria 1913:Origins 1888:equator 1856:ohangla 1822:Al Gore 1771:fishing 1760:Padhola 1666:Nilotic 1575:Symbols 1224:Soukous 1219:Ohangla 1214:Lingala 1124:Judaism 1119:Quakers 989:Cuisine 922:Italian 883:English 852:Semitic 819:Turkana 799:Nilotic 758:Kimîîru 738:Swahili 654:Swahili 637:Giriama 622:Sengwer 592:Turkana 582:Samburu 453:Tachoni 438:Marachi 403:Banyala 316:Moi Era 273:History 227:Country 200:luo (f) 134:English 130:Swahili 69:museum. 8863:Oropom 8843:Masaba 8773:Hororo 8753:Dodoth 8748:Busoga 8708:Aringa 8703:Ankole 8688:Adhola 8587:Hadimu 8577:& 8560:Zigula 8555:Sambaa 8550:Segeju 8535:Dhaiso 8530:Bondei 8494:Tabora 8484:Lambya 8469:Malila 8461:Songwe 8446:Isanzu 8441:Iramba 8423:Sukuma 8415:Simiyu 8400:Sukuma 8395:Iramba 8344:Ruvuma 8324:Mambwe 8296:Zigula 8291:Zaramo 8281:Rufiji 8243:Pangwa 8215:Njombe 8205:Sukuma 8200:Kerewe 8187:Mwanza 8172:Maviha 8154:Mtwara 8139:Sagara 8134:Pogolo 8129:Luguru 8119:Kaguru 8063:Zanaki 8005:Mbugwe 8000:Maasai 7952:Ngindo 7947:Ndonde 7899:Chagga 7871:Tongwe 7838:Kigoma 7828:Rungwa 7823:Pimbwe 7800:Katavi 7785:Nyambo 7767:Kagera 7757:Ndamba 7752:Mbunga 7739:Iringa 7724:Sumbwa 7719:Sukuma 7691:Gorowa 7676:Alagwa 7668:Dodoma 7658:Zaramo 7635:Maasai 7610:Arusha 7602:Arusha 7524:Indian 7496:Somali 7428:Maasai 7398:Ateker 7393:Ariaal 7375:Taveta 7355:Pokomo 7340:Mbeere 7320:Kikuyu 7310:Jibana 7290:Chonyi 7285:Bajuni 7280:Agumba 7200: 7150: 7081: 7026: 6965: 6899: 6891: 6856: 6789: 6779: 6744: 6709: 6686: 6678: 6515: 6353:Nation 6333: 6323: 6079: 6028:217849 6026: 5979: 5754: 5719: 5662: 5572: 5537: 5531:181041 5529: 5480: 5462: 5456:182034 5454: 5419: 5339: 5304: 5294: 5250: 5203: 5168: 5055: 4988:9 June 4921: 4911: 4779: 4727: 4695: 4649:Kenyan 4470:Sports 3882:winner 3627:guitar 3619:Dholuo 3595:A bu-! 3572:fiddle 3540:Ligisa 3534:chieno 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3154:Bantu 2614:‘Ker’ 2492:ruoth 2485:sent 2479:Ruoth 2459:Kisii 2416:Nandi 2404:Mumia 2336:Nandi 2328:Kisii 2324:Kuria 2320:Kunta 2312:Luhya 2216:Kenya 2184:Ororo 2168:Jaluo 2156:Joluo 2145:Anuak 2077:Kenya 2070:Bantu 2026:Sudan 2014:Kenya 2008:into 1983:Meroe 1979:Kerma 1959:Sudan 1852:benga 1714:Kenya 1690:Luhya 1435:Sport 1353:Radio 1270:Media 1204:Genge 1194:Benga 1185:Music 748:Kamba 733:Bantu 669:Okiek 659:Taita 617:Gabra 552:Kuria 547:Kisii 537:Kamba 532:Kunta 510:Pokot 505:Terik 500:Tugen 480:Nandi 468:Wanga 463:Samia 428:Khayo 398:Luhya 154:Islam 111:Kenya 92:Kenya 18:Joluo 8888:Teso 8838:Madi 8823:Logo 8803:Kiga 8758:Gisu 8698:Amba 8693:Alur 8314:Fipa 8271:Kami 8233:Kisi 8223:Bena 8195:Kara 8124:Kutu 8058:Ware 8053:Suba 8033:Jita 8015:Mara 7975:Akie 7909:Pare 7861:Jiji 7846:Goma 7780:Haya 7747:Hehe 7686:Gogo 7625:Meru 7486:Orma 7438:Teso 7418:Kore 7360:Suba 7345:Meru 7300:Embu 7295:Digo 7198:ISBN 7169:2013 7148:ISBN 7124:link 7110:2013 7044:link 7024:ISBN 6976:2021 6963:ISBN 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