701:
television duly reported this. A few hours later, Abdel Basset
Sabdarat, Sudan's Information Minister, then appeared on TV to refute the earlier report that Garang's helicopter landed safely. It was Yasir Arman, the SPLA/M spokesperson, who had told the government that Garang's plane had landed safely and his intention, in doing so, was to buy time for internal succession arrangements within the SPLA, before Garang's death was to be declared. Garang's helicopter crashed on Friday and he remained 'missing' throughout Saturday. During this time, the government believed he was still resolving his affairs in Southern Sudan. Finally, a statement released by the office of the Sudanese President,
461:. He believed, for the people of Sudan to live in cohesion, they must not separate themselves into the many existing ethnic factions present within the nation but, rather, to collectively renounce the belief that Black African-ness, Islam, or Christianity were to be the ultimate defining characteristics of Sudan. Rather, he willed that citizens should embrace all cultures of Sudan, including the creation of further pagan involvement into Sudanese life, a policy embraced by many of Sudan's elite, and to unify under the one commonality they all share, being Sudanese and coming from a background of Judaism, Christianity and Paganism.
559:. This resulted in Dinka Massacre which raged civilians and exposed the deep ethnic divides within the SPLA. The Southern Sudanese communities became more divided than ever before in their history. These organic divides among the Southern Sudanese communities were exacerbated by the deliberate "divide and rule" policies instituted by the regimes in Khartoum, in order to maintain their power over the Southern Sudanese peoples. SPLA-Nasir accused Garang of ruling by force, in a "dictatorial reign of terror"; but ethnic rivalry seemed to have a part, with the Nasir faction mainly composed of
709:
1967:
482:
Battalion attacked
Sudanese army in Bor on 16th May 1983 under the command of Major Kerubino Kuanyin Bol, who was the leader of the budding movement which launched an impromptu attack, Garang rode by an alternative route to join them in the rebel stronghold in Ethiopia. It must be noted that Major Kerubino Kuanyin Bol and William Nyuon Bany Machar led Battalion 105 and 107 in Bor and Ayot, respectively. As a Major, Kerubino coalesced with William to organize a revolt and opened routes to Ethiopian plains. By the end of July,
705:, confirmed that the Ugandan presidential helicopter had crashed into "a mountain range in southern Sudan because of poor visibility and this resulted in the death of Dr. John Garang DeMabior, six of his colleagues and seven Ugandan crew members." According to the Sudan Tribune John Garang's legacy was a major cornerstone in South Sudan's fight for independence. Without Garang, many marginalized people of Africa, including that of Sudan would still be largely forgotten about in the modern world.
773:(SANU) in exile, but had returned to Sudan to take part in the 1968 elections, shortly before he was killed. It has been reported that Salva Kiir disagreed with the amnesty afforded to Riek Machar and Lam Akol after their coup attempt against Garang in 2003; he also disliked Garang's decision to give Machar a leadership position as his deputy. It is rumored that in response to these actions by Garang, Kiir threatened to lead an armed revolt against South Sudan's leadership.
583:
470:
1688:
748:
Both the
Sudanese government and the head of the SPLA blamed the weather for the accident. There are, however, doubts as to whether this was the true cause, especially among the rank and file of the SPLA. Yoweri Museveni, the Ugandan President, stated that the possibility of "external factors" having
524:
The SPLA gained the backing of Libya, Uganda, and
Ethiopia. Garang and his army controlled a large part of the southern regions of the country, named "New Sudan". He claimed his troops' courage came from "the conviction that we are fighting a just cause. That is something North Sudan and its people
598:
signed a power-sharing constitution. Simultaneously, he became the premier in southern Sudan. This administration had limited autonomy for six years, at the end of which there would be a scheduled referendum regarding secession. No
Christian or southerner had ever held such a high government post.
481:
and southern government soldiers in
Battalion 105 who were resisting being rotated to posts in the north. However, he was not among the officers in the Southern command arranging for the defection of Battalion 105 to the anti government rebels, but he was supporting the revolution. When the 105
700:
After the helicopter had been missing for more than 24 hours, the
Ugandan president notified the Sudanese government, which in turn contacted the SPLM for information. The SPLM responded that the helicopter Garang was taking had landed safely at an old SPLA training camp. The Sudanese state
647:
As a leader, John Garang's democratic credentials were often questioned. For example, according to Gill Lusk, "John Garang did not tolerate dissent and anyone who disagreed with him was either imprisoned or killed". Under his leadership, the SPLA was accused of human rights abuses.
756:
While the
Sudanese people followed the Naivasha peace talks closely, with high hopes of freedom and democratic transformation, the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (SPLM) was rife with rumors and accusations of conspiracy relating to the removal of SPLM deputy Chairman,
666:, who supported South Sudanese independence, especially considered Garang to be a promising leader and called him a "partner in peace." Bush highlighted Garang's Christian faith, and even connected him to support at evangelical churches in his hometown of
728:
His body was flown to New Cush, a southern
Sudanese settlement near the scene of the crash, where former rebel fighters and civilian supporters gathered to pay their respects to Garang. Garang's funeral took place on August 3 in
1743:
570:
On
September 14, 1992, Bany, who was at the time Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the SPLA and Deputy Chairman of the SPLM, announced his defection from the SPLA, and escaped Garang territory. The following day, Commander
350:
ethnic group. He was born into a poor family in Wangulei village Twic East County in the Upper Nile region of Sudan. An orphan by the age of ten, he had his fees for school paid by a relative, going to schools in
1803:
1510:
752:
The SPLM/SPLA Rumbek crisis, which took place in Rumbek from November 29 to December 1, 2004; one month before the signing of the CPA is also believed to have been a factor relevant to John Garang's death.
520:
with a government made up of representatives from “all tribes and religions in Sudan." His first real effort for the cause, under his command, occurred in July 1985 with the SPLA’s incursion into Kordofan.
1191:
540:). Upon the rebels’ seizure of the government, they closed all SPLA training camps in Ethiopia and cut off the SPLA's arms supply, forcing the SPLA to return hundreds of thousands of Sudanese back to
693:
of Uganda. He did not tell the Sudanese government that he was going to this meeting and therefore, did not take the presidential plane. In fact, Garang had said he was going to spend the weekend in
544:. This disrupted military operations and leadership within the SPLA. However, this caused the West to reconsider relations with the SPLA – justifying their providing the SPLA with "non-lethal help."
590:
Garang had refused to participate in the 1985 interim government or the 1986 elections, remaining a rebel leader. However, the SPLA and government signed a peace agreement on January 9, 2005, in
402:, future president of Uganda, at this time; while both Garang and Museveni were students at UDSM in the 1960s, they did not attend at the same time. In 1970, Garang was in one of the batches of
363:, but because he was so young, the leaders encouraged him and others of his age to pursue education. Because of the ongoing fighting, Garang was forced to complete his secondary education in
575:
was promoted from Chief of Staff to Bany's old positions of Deputy Commander-in-Chief and Deputy Chairman. Bany joined forces with Machar and Akol, and later joined forces with Bol to form
594:, in Kenya. On July 9, 2005, he was sworn in as the First-Vice-President – the second most powerful person in the country – following a ceremony in which he and President
2056:
567:
people. Months of fighting between the two factions left thousands dead in early 1992. The SPLA-Nasir also raised the idea of an independent south (whereas Garang wanted unity).
36:
782:
599:
Commenting after this ceremony, Garang stated, "I congratulate the Sudanese people, this is not my peace or the peace of al-Bashir, it is the peace of the Sudanese people."
2091:
903:
697:, a small village near the Kenyan borders founded by Garang himself. To this day, neither the identity of any other participants at the meeting nor its purpose is known.
516:
Garang was a strong advocate for national unity: minorities together formed a majority and, therefore should rule. Together, Garang believed, they could replace President
2096:
2071:
1074:
1753:
1199:
1101:
509:, which resulted in one and a half million deaths over twenty years of conflict. Although Garang was Christian and most of southern Sudan is non-Muslim (mostly
2101:
537:
1870:
395:
2066:
2051:
965:
490:/Movement (SPLA/M), which was opposed to military rule and Islamic dominance of the country, and encouraged other army garrisons to mutiny against the
651:
The ideological profile of SPLA was as shadowy as Garang himself. He varied from Marxism to drawing support from Christian fundamentalists in the US.
1939:
1896:
1557:
48:
876:
413:
and Garang, like many rebels, was absorbed into the Sudanese military. For eleven years, he was a career soldier and rose from the rank of
445:
where he instructed the cadets for more than four years. Later he was nominated to serve in the military research department at Army HQ in
2076:
398:. However, Garang soon decided to return to Sudan and join the rebels. There is much erroneous reporting that Garang met and befriended
2061:
441:(ISU). By 1983, Col. Garang was serving as a senior instructor in the military academy in Wadi Sayedna 21 km from the centre of
843:
1863:
1464:
311:
307:
2031:
1879:
1763:
1388:
1032:
641:
233:
1606:
322:
for three weeks, from the comprehensive peace agreement of 2005 until his death in a helicopter crash on July 30, 2005. A
2046:
636:
The CPA appeared to embody the vision of the "New Sudan" that Garang wanted. Within the CPA, power was split between the
2041:
2036:
1856:
1109:
422:
379:
2086:
1716:
913:
802:
721:
487:
483:
2026:
1634:
1412:"The National Courier: TODAY IN HISTORY: William Nyuon Bany, on 27th of Sept 1992, Defects from SPLA/M In Pageri"
991:
655:
457:
Garang coined the philosophy of "Sudanism" which would be the guiding philosophy to a secular and multiethnic
1411:
1285:
630:
211:
1286:"Pro-Government Militias:Documentation for Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army - United (SPLM/A-United)"
1692:
770:
410:
1222:
391:
433:, United States. During this period he took four years academic leave and received a Master's degree in
1317:
734:
702:
406:'s soldiers, the then leader of the Anyanya liberation movement, sent to Israel for military training.
243:
1565:
367:. After winning a scholarship, he went on to earn a Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics in 1969 from
2016:
1294:
797:
637:
615:
506:
315:
1420:
326:
by profession, Garang was one of the major influences on the movement that led to the foundation of
2111:
2081:
1779:
787:
525:
don't have." Critics suggested financial motivations to his rebellion, noting that much of Sudan's
360:
1721:
547:
Shortly after, there were leadership misunderstandings between Garang and senior SPLA commanders,
2106:
1924:
1830:
1153:
1024:
792:
502:
were both founding members of SPLA. Bany was appointed the 3rd high-ranking Commander after Bol.
387:
323:
319:
253:
101:
1699:
434:
414:
383:
1378:
2021:
533:
438:
280:
1444:
1419:
1021:
Africa's World War: Congo, the Rwandan Genocide, and the Making of a Continental Catastrophe
708:
662:
in western Sudan, but others consider these claims "excessively optimistic". U.S. President
2011:
2006:
1929:
1757:
1343:
1270:
Flint, J. and Alex de Waal, 2008 (2nd Edn), Darfur: A New History of a Long War, Zed Books.
499:
430:
403:
183:
1130:
8:
1985:
1952:
1840:
1813:
1611:
769:, who had been assassinated by the Sudanese army in 1968. William Deng Nhial had led the
758:
572:
146:
94:
72:
1347:
853:
1966:
1538:
1359:
1174:
766:
611:
495:
1587:
1542:
1530:
1487:
1384:
1311:
1028:
909:
1016:
1768:
1522:
1449:
1351:
762:
625:
Over 15 months, starting in September 2003, Ali Osman and Garang met in private in
368:
274:
269:
690:
659:
399:
257:
1737:
1727:
937:
821:
536:'s regime (in Ethiopia) was overthrown by the Khartoum-backed Ethiopian rebels (
1914:
1823:
739:
In our culture we say "if you kill the lion, you see what the lioness will do".
667:
663:
595:
517:
335:
134:
122:
1775:
1526:
1254:
Cockett, R., 2010, Sudan: Darfur and the Failure of an African State, Yale UP.
1143:
1049:
765:. Nhial Deng Nhial was the son of the famous leader of the southern Sudanese,
2000:
1534:
685:
helicopter he was flying in crashed. He had been returning from a meeting in
437:
from Iowa State University (ISU). In 1981, he earned a PhD in Economics from
303:
1848:
1223:"Brief Biography and Facts About Major(Cdr). Late William Nyuon Bany Machar"
658:
argued that Garang's presence in the government would have helped solve the
848:
426:
347:
877:"Ten years after independence, South Sudan must return to Garang's vision"
1975:
1909:
730:
717:
576:
560:
548:
541:
327:
189:
555:
in August 1991. The splinter group led by Machar and Akol was named the
1919:
1904:
1363:
1331:
619:
607:
582:
556:
486:/Movement (SPLA) had brought over 3000 soldiers into the newly created
478:
469:
352:
264:
686:
682:
606:
on New Year's Day 2003, there was a meeting between the SPLA and the
526:
458:
378:
He was offered another scholarship to pursue graduate studies at the
179:
1355:
644:
for six years, until 2010, with Garang as the first vice-president.
694:
626:
552:
513:), he did not initially focus on the religious aspects of the war.
446:
442:
364:
207:
1465:"Number of Sudan peacekeepers might need to be doubled, Bush says"
1747:
1148:
966:"Leaders call death of former rebel leader a great loss to Sudan"
603:
591:
510:
418:
1687:
1511:"John Garang On Air: Radio Battles in Sudan's Second Civil War"
491:
356:
1230:
681:
In late July 2005, Garang died after the Ugandan presidential
302:(June 23, 1945 – July 30, 2005) was a Sudanese politician and
35:
629:. Their secret meetings and negotiations lasted up until the
564:
505:
This action marked the commonly agreed upon beginning of the
331:
1710:
783:
Assassination of Juvénal Habyarimana and Cyprien Ntaryamira
713:
372:
285:
1607:"Widow of Sudan's Garang Steps In to Continue His Mission"
1731:
1703:
1558:"Sudanese vice president, 13 others, killed in air crash"
382:, but chose to return to Tanzania and study East African
1332:"Captain J. Liddell's Journeys in the White Nile Region"
2057:
State leaders killed in aviation accidents or incidents
1102:"Sudanese students commemorate Garand death in US Iowa"
1677:. M. Khalid, ed. London: Kegan Paul International.
1050:"Negotiating Peace in Sudan - John Garang de Mabior"
673:
Garang effectively used radio to advance his cause.
2092:
Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in Sudan
1488:"The Activist Alex de Waal among the war criminals"
1144:"What is the government in view of Dr. John Garang"
2097:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 2005
1764:Uganda Joins Sudan in Investigating Garang's Death
1760:, Lebanon, July 19, 2005 – some info on early life
538:Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front
1998:
1632:
396:University Students' African Revolutionary Front
2072:Sudan People's Liberation Movement politicians
1744:Deadly riots erupt in Sudan after Garang death
1376:
931:
929:
927:
925:
1878:
1864:
1804:President of the government of Southern Sudan
1555:
1377:Banks, A.S.; Day, A.J.; Muller, T.C. (2016).
1280:
1278:
1276:
1168:
844:"Sudanese new government leaders take office"
2102:Victims of helicopter accidents or incidents
1442:
633:(CPA) was initialed on New Year's Eve 2004.
579:, Sudanese People's Liberation Army-United.
1180:, Indiana University Press, 2003, pp. 61–2.
922:
341:
1871:
1857:
1604:
1273:
494:imposed on the country by the government.
2067:Sudanese expatriates in the United States
2052:SPLM/SPLA Political-Military High Command
1250:
1248:
901:
737:, promised to continue his work stating:
529:wealth lies in the south of the country.
1192:"Who Is CDR. William Nyuon Bany Machar?"
1079:Iowa State University Alumni Association
992:"Garang: Rebel leader to vice-president"
935:
707:
581:
468:
394:(UDSM). At UDSM, he was a member of the
114:January 9, 2005 – July 30, 2005
1724:of information from before January 2001
1508:
1290:Pro-Government Militias Database (PGMD)
1266:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1214:
1015:
905:Omar Al-Bashir and Africa's Longest War
874:
749:played a role could not be eliminated.
308:Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement
1999:
1663:Nr.32: August 10, 2005; ISSN 1613-0766
1383:. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p. 875.
1245:
1220:
1156:from the original on December 22, 2021
1099:
306:leader. From 1983 to 2005, he led the
1852:
1485:
1370:
1183:
1178:The Root Causes of Sudan's Civil Wars
761:, and his replacement with the young
452:
314:) as a commander in chief during the
62:July 9, 2005 – July 30, 2005
1418:. September 27, 2014. Archived from
1404:
1380:Political Handbook of the World 1998
1257:
1189:
960:
958:
1152:. Sudanese Online. March 27, 2012.
622:were with the SPLA – they refused.
312:South Sudan People's Defense Forces
13:
2077:University of Dar es Salaam alumni
1633:Jesus Deng Chaui (March 9, 2014).
1588:"Sudan bids rebel leader farewell"
902:Moorcraft, Paul (April 30, 2015).
642:Sudan People's Liberation Movement
380:University of California, Berkeley
234:Sudan People's Liberation Movement
14:
2123:
1754:The return of a Sudanese survivor
1681:
1635:"Who Killed Hero Dr John Garang?"
1190:Buay, Gordon (January 24, 2011).
955:
936:Phombeah, Gray (August 3, 2005).
822:"Sudan VP Garang killed in crash"
610:. Garang asked two associates of
563:, and Garang's supporters mainly
423:Infantry Officers Advanced Course
330:’s independence from the rule of
2062:Sudanese expatriates in Tanzania
1965:
1887:Southern Sudan Autonomous Region
1686:
1556:Mohamed Osman (August 1, 2005).
34:
1728:Sudan ex-rebel joins government
1667:
1626:
1598:
1580:
1549:
1502:
1479:
1457:
1443:Reeves, Eric (August 2, 2005).
1436:
1324:
1298:, 14 April 1993. April 14, 1993
1136:
1124:
1093:
1067:
875:Wheeler, Jake (July 31, 2021).
586:Garang in a crowd of supporters
464:
16:Sudanese politician (1945–2005)
1776:John Garang’s mysterious death
1717:Sudan People's Liberation Army
1605:Wax, Emily (August 30, 2005).
1515:The Journal of African History
1509:Vicario, Danielle Del (2022).
1131:A Speech by John Garang - FULL
1042:
1009:
984:
895:
868:
836:
814:
803:Sudan People's Liberation Army
689:with long-time ally President
656:United States State Department
488:Sudan People's Liberation Army
484:Sudan People's Liberation Army
1:
1831:First Vice President of Sudan
1100:Miller, Tim (July 31, 2007).
1081:. Iowa State University (ISU)
808:
631:Comprehensive Peace Agreement
411:Addis Ababa Agreement of 1972
409:The civil war ended with the
320:First Vice President of Sudan
102:First Vice President of Sudan
2032:Iowa State University alumni
771:Sudan African National Union
7:
1054:Iowa State Lectures Program
776:
392:University of Dar es Salaam
346:Garang was a member of the
10:
2128:
2047:South Sudanese Protestants
1722:A State Department archive
1659:by Thomas Schimidinger in
735:Rebecca Nyandeng De Mabior
602:In the Hillcrest Hotel in
244:Rebecca Nyandeng De Mabior
2042:Second Sudanese Civil War
2037:People from Jonglei State
1974:
1963:
1938:
1895:
1886:
1880:Presidents of South Sudan
1837:
1828:
1820:
1810:
1801:
1793:
1788:
1782:Documentary, 26 Jul 2023.
1657:Aufstand in der Dreistadt
1527:10.1017/S0021853722000597
1295:Christian Science Monitor
1075:"A Voice for South Sudan"
798:Second Sudanese Civil War
743:
616:Sudan Liberation Movement
507:Second Sudanese Civil War
316:Second Sudanese Civil War
300:Dr. John Garang De Mabior
293:
263:
249:
239:
229:
221:
216:(present-day South Sudan)
197:
161:
156:
152:
140:
128:
118:
107:
100:
88:
78:
66:
55:
46:
42:
33:
23:
2087:Vice presidents of Sudan
1336:The Geographical Journal
1221:Teresa (June 21, 2019).
788:First Sudanese Civil War
712:Grave of John Garang in
676:
477:In 1983, Garang went to
361:first Sudanese civil war
359:. In 1962 he joined the
342:Early life and education
2027:Grinnell College alumni
1976:Republic of South Sudan
1797:Position re-established
1639:South Sudan News Agency
1025:Oxford University Press
938:"Obituary: John Garang"
793:List of unsolved deaths
638:National Congress Party
388:Thomas J. Watson Fellow
324:developmental economist
318:. He briefly served as
254:Mabior Garang De-Mabior
1889:(1972–1983; 2005–2011)
1316:: CS1 maint: others (
725:
618:) to declare that the
614:(who later formed the
587:
474:
435:agricultural economics
384:agricultural economics
310:(SPLA/M, Now known as
1704:National Public Radio
1695:at Wikimedia Commons
849:People's Daily Online
711:
585:
534:Mengistu Haile Mariam
472:
439:Iowa State University
281:Iowa State University
166:John Garang de Mabior
1424:on February 26, 2022
1342:(6): 651–655. 1904.
1112:on November 19, 2018
500:Kerubino Kwanyin Bol
473:John Garang of Sudan
404:Gordon Muortat Mayen
184:Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
1841:Salva Kiir Mayardit
1814:Salva Kiir Mayardit
1756:, opinion piece in
1673:Garang, John, 1987
1612:The Washington Post
1467:. February 17, 2006
1348:1904GeogJ..24..651.
759:Salva Kiir Mayardit
573:Salva Kiir Mayardit
532:In the early 1991,
147:Salva Kiir Mayardit
95:Salva Kiir Mayardit
73:Salva Kiir Mayardit
51:(Autonomous Region)
1789:Political offices
1675:John Garang Speaks
1568:on January 1, 2019
1106:Sudan Tribune News
970:The New York Times
767:William Deng Nhial
726:
612:Abdul Wahid al Nur
588:
496:William Nyuon Bany
475:
453:Political ideology
178:Wangulei village,
1994:
1993:
1961:
1960:
1847:
1846:
1838:Succeeded by
1811:Succeeded by
1766:, William Eagle,
1691:Media related to
1594:. August 6, 2005.
1486:McDonnell, Nick.
1390:978-1-349-14951-3
1034:978-0-19-537420-9
996:www.aljazeera.com
908:. Pen and Sword.
881:Revista de Prensa
856:on August 8, 2017
421:after taking the
375:, United States.
297:
296:
212:Republic of Sudan
2119:
2017:De Mabior family
1969:
1893:
1892:
1873:
1866:
1859:
1850:
1849:
1821:Preceded by
1794:Preceded by
1786:
1785:
1780:Al Jazeera World
1772:, August 9, 2005
1769:Voice of America
1750:, August 1, 2005
1714:
1713:
1711:Official website
1690:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1630:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1564:. Archived from
1553:
1547:
1546:
1506:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1461:
1455:
1454:
1450:The New Republic
1445:"Untimely Death"
1440:
1434:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1423:
1408:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1374:
1368:
1367:
1328:
1322:
1321:
1315:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1282:
1271:
1268:
1255:
1252:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1233:on June 19, 2020
1229:. Archived from
1218:
1212:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1202:on June 20, 2020
1198:. Archived from
1187:
1181:
1172:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1140:
1134:
1128:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1108:. Archived from
1097:
1091:
1090:
1088:
1086:
1071:
1065:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1046:
1040:
1038:
1013:
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369:Grinnell College
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1668:Publications
1661:Jungle World
1660:
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1642:. Retrieved
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1566:the original
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1421:the original
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1379:
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1326:
1300:. Retrieved
1293:
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1231:the original
1227:City Scrollz
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1216:
1204:. Retrieved
1200:the original
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1147:
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1116:November 19,
1114:. Retrieved
1110:the original
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1059:September 4,
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999:. Retrieved
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974:. Retrieved
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947:November 18,
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885:. Retrieved
883:(in Spanish)
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854:the original
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203:(2005-07-30)
142:Succeeded by
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90:Succeeded by
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18:
2012:2005 deaths
2007:1945 births
1700:John Garang
1693:John Garang
1175:Johnson, D.
718:South Sudan
577:SPLA-United
549:Riek Machar
542:South Sudan
492:Islamic law
328:South Sudan
222:Nationality
190:South Sudan
130:Preceded by
80:Preceded by
28:John Garang
2001:Categories
1644:January 1,
1572:January 1,
1160:October 4,
1023:. Oxford:
809:References
620:Fur people
608:Fur people
557:SPLA-Nasir
334:president
265:Alma mater
172:1945-06-23
1940:2005–2011
1897:1972–1983
1618:April 25,
1543:253406737
1535:0021-8537
1490:. Harpers
1133:(YouTube)
860:August 8,
724:-soldiers
687:Rwakitura
459:New Sudan
355:and then
180:Twic East
119:President
110:In office
58:In office
1915:Gatkuoth
1738:Obituary
1592:BBC News
1494:April 1,
1471:April 1,
1428:June 22,
1416:Facebook
1396:June 22,
1312:cite web
1302:June 21,
1237:June 20,
1206:June 20,
1154:Archived
1039:, p. 80.
1019:(2009).
942:BBC News
777:See also
695:New Cush
640:and the
627:Naivasha
553:Lam Akol
447:Khartoum
443:Omdurman
365:Tanzania
332:Sudanese
250:Children
208:New Cush
1930:Tombura
1748:Reuters
1715:of the
1364:1776256
1344:Bibcode
1149:YouTube
604:Nairobi
592:Nairobi
511:animist
431:Georgia
419:colonel
415:captain
390:at the
1948:Garang
1925:Rassas
1541:
1533:
1387:
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1031:
912:
744:Rumors
683:Mi-172
357:Rumbek
240:Spouse
1920:Alier
1905:Alier
1835:2005
1808:2005
1740:, BBC
1539:S2CID
1360:JSTOR
677:Death
565:Dinka
386:as a
348:Dinka
1986:Kiir
1953:Kiir
1910:Lagu
1646:2019
1620:2007
1574:2019
1531:ISSN
1496:2015
1473:2015
1430:2020
1398:2020
1385:ISBN
1318:link
1304:2020
1239:2020
1208:2020
1162:2018
1118:2018
1087:2018
1061:2023
1029:ISBN
1003:2023
978:2018
949:2018
910:ISBN
889:2022
862:2017
830:2020
731:Juba
722:SPLA
714:Juba
654:The
561:Nuer
551:and
498:and
373:Iowa
275:B.A.
198:Died
162:Born
1732:BBC
1702:on
1523:doi
1352:doi
527:oil
479:Bor
425:at
417:to
371:in
353:Wau
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286:PhD
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