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time of a pregnancy which may have been obvious, Joan's statement seemed to soften Edward's attitude towards the situation. Her first child by
Monthermer was born in October 1297; by the summer of 1297, when the marriage was revealed to the king, Joan's condition would certainly have been apparent, helping to convince Edward that he had no choice but to recognise his daughter's second marriage. Edward I eventually relented, for the sake of his daughter, and released Monthermer from imprisonment in August 1297. Monthermer paid homage on 2 August, was granted the titles of
478:
Monthermer, a squire in her household, even to the point of attempting to force her to marry someone else. While Edward ultimately developed a cordial relationship with
Monthermer, even granting him two earldoms, there appears to have been a notable difference in Edward's treatment of Joan as compared to the treatment of the rest of her siblings. For instance, her father famously paid messengers substantially when they brought news of the birth of grandchildren, but did not do this upon the birth of Joan's daughter.
1879:
346:
as agreed on a dower of 2,000 silver marks. By the time all of these negotiations were finished, Joan was 12 years old. Gilbert de Clare became very enamoured with Joan, and even though she had to marry him regardless of how she felt, he still tried to woo her. He bought her expensive gifts and clothing to try to win favour with her. The couple were married 30 April 1290 at
Westminster Abbey, and had four children together. They were:
1763:
383:, a squire in Joan's father's household. Joan fell in love and convinced her father to have Monthermer knighted. It was unheard of in European royalty for a noble lady to even converse with a man who had not won or acquired importance in the household. However, Joan secretly married Ralph in January 1297. Joan's father was already planning another marriage for Joan to
499:
her mother's body and found the corpse to be intact", which in the eyes of the Roman
Catholic Church is an indication of sanctity. This claim was only recorded in a fifteenth-century chronicle, however, and its details are uncertain, especially the statement that her corpse was in such a state of preservation that "when her
325:, in France. Joan lived for several years in France where she spent her time being educated by a bishop and "being thoroughly spoiled by an indulgent grandmother." Joan was free to play among the "vine clad hills and sunny vales" surrounding her grandmother's home, although she required "judicious surveillance."
498:
Joan's burial place has been the cause of some interest and debate. She is interred in the
Augustinian priory at Clare, which had been founded by her first husband's ancestors and where many of them were also buried. Allegedly, in 1357, Joan's daughter, Elizabeth De Burgh, claimed to have "inspected
477:
However, Joan of Acre's independent nature caused numerous conflicts with her father. Her father disapproved of her leaving court after her marriage to the Earl of
Gloucester, and in turn "seized seven robes that had been made for her". He also strongly disapproved of her second marriage to Ralph de
473:
Joan, like her siblings, was raised outside her parents' household. She lived with her grandmother in
Ponthieu for four years, and was then entrusted to the same caregivers who looked after her siblings. Edward I did not have a close relationship with most of his children while they were growing up,
390:
Joan sent her four young children to their grandfather, in hopes that their sweetness would win Edward's favor, but her plan did not work. The king soon discovered his daughter's intentions, but not yet aware that she had already committed to them, he seized Joan's lands and continued to arrange her
345:
Edward arranged a second marriage almost immediately after the death of
Hartman. Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester, who was almost 30 years older than Joan and newly divorced, was his first choice. The earl resigned his lands to Edward upon agreeing to get them back when he married Joan, as well
494:
Less than four months after her death, Joan's father died. Joan's widower, Ralph de
Monthermer, lost the title of Earl of Gloucester soon after the deaths of his wife and father-in-law. The earldom of Gloucester was given to Joan's son from her first marriage, Gilbert, who was its rightful holder.
398:
With regard to the matter, Joan famously said, "It is not considered ignominious, nor disgraceful, for a great earl to take a poor and mean woman to wife; neither, on the other hand, is it worthy of blame, or too difficult a thing for a countess to promote to honour a gallant youth." Coming at the
336:
Before he was able to meet or marry Joan, Hartman died. It was reported that he had fallen through a patch of shallow ice while "amusing himself in skating" while a letter sent to the King himself stated that
Hartman had set out on a boat to visit his father amidst a terrible fog and the boat had
328:
As Joan was growing up with her grandmother, her father was back in England, already arranging marriages for his daughter. He hoped to gain both political power and more wealth with his daughter's marriage, so he conducted the arrangement in a very "business-like style". He finally found a man
490:
Joan died 23 April 1307, at the manor of Clare in Suffolk. The cause of her death remains unclear, though one popular theory is that she died during childbirth, a common cause of death at the time. While Joan's age in 1307 (about 35) and the chronology of her earlier pregnancies with Ralph de
51:
481:
Joan retained a fairly tight bond with her siblings. She and Monthermer both maintained a close relationship with her brother, Edward, which was maintained through letters. After Edward became estranged from his father and lost his royal seal, "Joan offered to lend him her seal".
541:
by Mary Anne Everett Green, Joan is portrayed as a "giddy princess" and neglectful mother. Many have agreed to this characterisation; however, some authors think there is little evidence to support the assumption that Joan of Acre was a neglectful or uncaring mother.
523:. In the book, Joan, known as Joanna, is described as a promiscuous young princess, vain, shallow and spoilt. In the novel she is only given one daughter, when she historically had eight children. There is no evidence that supports this picture of Joan.
445:
Joan was the seventh of Edward I and Eleanor's fourteen children. Most of her elder siblings died before the age of seven, and many of her younger siblings died before adulthood. Those who survived to adulthood were Joan, her younger brother, Edward of
333:. Edward then brought her home from France for the first time to meet him. As she had spent her entire life away from Edward and Eleanor, when she returned she "stood in no awe of her parents" and had a fairly distanced relationship with them.
1528:
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marriage to Amadeus of Savoy. Soon after the seizure of her lands, Joan told her father that she had married Ralph. The king was enraged and retaliated by immediately imprisoning Monthermer at
395:. The people of the land had differing opinions on Joan's predicament. It has been argued that the noblemen who were most upset were those who wanted her hand in marriage.
1767:
534:
tells the story of the love affair between Ralph de Monthermer and Joan of Acre through the discovery of a series of letters the two had written to each other.
530:
by Vanessa Alexander, Joan of Acre is an important character. The author portrays a completely different view of the princess from the one in Henley's novel.
1656:
1583:
1992:
1537:
L'art de verifier les dates des faits historiques, des chartes, des chroniques et autres anciens monuments depuis la naissance de notre-seigneur
1795:
2900:
317:, was still alive and thus her father was not yet king of England. Her parents departed from Acre shortly after her birth, travelling to
1961:
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Between historians and novelists, Joan has appeared in various texts as either an independent and spirited woman or a spoiled brat. In
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were pressed with hands, they rose up again." Some sources further claim that miracles took place at Joan's tomb, but no cause for her
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Monthermer continued to hold a nominal earldom in Scotland, which had been conferred on him by Edward I, until his death.
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387:, to occur on 16 March 1297. Being already married, unbeknownst to her father, Joan was in a dangerous predicament.
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1943:
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Wilkinson, L. (2020). Royal Daughters and Diplomacy at the Court of Edward I. In A. King & A. Spencer (Eds.),
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Ailes, Adrian (2019). "Medieval Armorial Seals in The National Archives (UK)". In Whatley, Laura J. (ed.).
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Monthermer suggest that this could well be the case, historians have not confirmed the cause of her death.
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have allegedly taken place at her grave, and for the multiple references to her in literature.
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1804:
1654:
Parsons, John Carmi (2004). "Eleanor (1241–1290), queen of England, consort of Edward I".
1581:
Howell, Margaret (2004). "Eleanor (c.1223–1291), queen of England, consort of Henry III".
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Joan (or Joanna, as she is sometimes called) of Acre was born in the spring of 1272 in the
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Joan had been a widow for a little over a year when she caught the eye of
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Joan of Acre makes an appearance in Virginia Henley's historical romance
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1748:
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1688:. Berkeley, US and Los Angeles, US: University of California Press.
239:(April 1272 – 23 April 1307) was an English princess, a daughter of
2742:
2680:
424:
294:
278:
1535:
Durand, Ursin; Clémencet, Charles; Dantine, Maur-François (1818).
1506:
The Struggle for Mastery: The Penguin History of Britain 1066–1284
329:
suitable to marry Joan (aged 5 at the time), Hartman, son of King
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371:
Joan's first husband, Gilbert de Clare, died on 7 December 1295.
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called Earl of Hertford, jure uxoris; later 1st Baron Monthermer
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1623:. Vol. 29. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 390.
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407:, and rose in the King's favour during Joan's lifetime.
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yet "he seemed fonder of his daughters than his sons."
1534:
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and Spain before leaving Joan with Eleanor's mother,
16:
13th and 14th-century English princess and noblewoman
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1262:
1188:
1186:
1104:
1102:
1705:
For Her Good Estate: The Life of Elizabeth de Burgh
1503:
1247:"Joan or Joanna of Acre, Countess." Oxford, p. 626
1259:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1183:
1099:
2837:
1993:Margaret of France, Queen of England and Hungary
1727:Britain's Royal Families, The Complete Genealogy
1306:
1304:
1072:
313:. At the time of Joan's birth, her grandfather,
1627:
1539:(in French). Vol. 12. Paris, France: n.p.
1464:
423:Joan de Monthermer, born 1299, became a nun at
1222:
436:Edward de Monthermer, born 1304 and died 1339.
1789:
1301:
274:in her household whom she married in secret.
262:She was married twice; her first husband was
1660:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1587:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
440:
2771:
1796:
1782:
431:Thomas de Monthermer, 2nd Baron Monthermer
195:Thomas de Monthermer, 2nd Baron Monthermer
49:
2460:
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2285:Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk
2255:Joan, Countess of Hertford and Gloucester
2098:Eleanor of England, Countess of Leicester
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1702:
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1501:
1460:
1456:
374:
2307:
2161:
2018:
1979:
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1632:. Ithaca, US: Cornell University Press.
1561:
1452:
277:Joan is most notable for the claim that
264:Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Gloucester
122:Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Gloucester
2607:
2496:
2429:Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester
2265:Margaret of England, Duchess of Brabant
2219:
1962:William de Longespée, Earl of Salisbury
1893:
1768:Joan of England, Countess of Gloucester
1657:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1653:
1584:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1495:A Companion to Seals in the Middle Ages
1476:
410:Joan and Monthermer had four children:
137: 1290; died 1295)
2838:
2721:Arthur Plantagenet, 1st Viscount Lisle
2628:Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales
2569:
1580:
1564:The Plantagenets: History of a Dynasty
1529:A History of the Plantagenets, Vol III
1472:
920:
800:
796:
786:
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351:Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford
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173:Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford
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2527:Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence
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2290:Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent
2218:
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2017:
1978:
1924:Matilda of England, Duchess of Saxony
1892:
1815:
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1749:https://doi.org/10.1017/9781787446144
1650:. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995.
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251:" derives from her birthplace in the
2901:English people of Portuguese descent
2792:Edward of Middleham, Prince of Wales
2409:John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster
2238:Margaret of France, Queen of England
1939:Eleanor of England, Queen of Castile
1818:Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou
1747:(pp. 84-104). Boydell & Brewer.
1721:
1469:Durand, Clémencet & Dantine 1818
2717:Illegitimate: Elizabeth Plantagenet
2701:George Plantagenet, Duke of Bedford
2691:Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York
2414:Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York
2404:Lionel of Antwerp, Duke of Clarence
2250:Eleanor of England, Countess of Bar
1607:
337:smashed into a rock, drowning him.
13:
2532:John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford
2088:Joan of England, Queen of Scotland
1877:
1855:Hamelin de Warenne, Earl of Surrey
1553:Lives of the Princesses of England
539:Lives of the Princesses of England
514:
14:
2932:
2906:English people of Italian descent
2515:Joan of Navarre, Queen of England
1755:
340:
2896:English people of French descent
2333:John of Eltham, Earl of Cornwall
1944:Joan of England, Queen of Sicily
1761:
1707:. New York: St. Martin's Press.
1620:Dictionary of National Biography
419:Duncan Macduff, 8th Earl of Fife
2921:Children of Edward I of England
2804:Katherine, Countess of Pembroke
1703:Underhill, Frances Ann (1999).
1628:O'Callaghan, Joseph F. (1975).
1555:. London: Henry Colburn, 1850.
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2424:Margaret, Countess of Pembroke
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1111:
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1081:
1063:
1054:
1:
2645:
2553:Illegitimate: Edmund Leboorde
2083:Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall
1957:Geoffrey (archbishop of York)
1934:Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany
1914:William IX, Count of Poitiers
1745:Edward I: New Interpretations
1047:
2741:
2537:Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester
1674:UK public library membership
1601:UK public library membership
454:), and four of her sisters:
255:while her parents were on a
7:
2861:14th-century English people
2856:13th-century English people
1630:A History of Medieval Spain
999:Marie, Countess of Ponthieu
545:
10:
2937:
2871:14th-century English women
2866:13th-century English women
1875:
1551:Green, Mary Anna Everett.
1497:. Brill. pp. 155–180.
967:Joan, Countess of Ponthieu
914:
798:
672:
566:
511:has ever been introduced.
323:Joan, Countess of Ponthieu
18:
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2696:Anne of York, Lady Howard
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2260:Alphonso, Earl of Chester
2227:
2214:
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2052:
2026:
2013:
1987:
1974:
1901:
1888:
1842:Geoffrey, Count of Nantes
1824:
1811:
1729:. London: Vintage Books.
1566:. London, UK: Continuum.
1502:Carpenter, David (2004).
984:
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554:Ancestors of Joan of Acre
385:Amadeus V, Count of Savoy
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35:
30:
1562:Hamilton, J. S. (2010).
1443:Higginbotham (2009), p.5
1425:Higginbotham, (2009) p.5
1407:Higginbotham (2009), p.4
1366:Higginbotham (2009), p.2
1352:Higginbotham (2009), p.1
1289:Higginbotham (2009), p.3
847:Ferdinand III of Castile
485:
441:Relationship with family
19:Not to be confused with
2911:Burials at Clare Priory
2389:Edward the Black Prince
1510:. London, UK: Penguin.
1416:Higginbotham (2009) p.4
145:Sir Ralph de Monthermer
77:23 April 1307 (aged 35)
2773:Richard III of England
1882:
1557:Google Books full text
1393:Prestwich (1988), p.53
1384:Prestwich (1988), p.55
1375:Prestwich (1988), p.54
1343:Prestwich (1988), p.52
1331:Prestwich (1988), p.51
1069:Weir (2008), pp. 83–84
375:Secret second marriage
124:, 6th Earl of Hertford
42:Countess of Gloucester
2462:Richard II of England
2370:Edward III of England
2328:Edward III of England
2275:Elizabeth of Rhuddlan
2071:Isabella of AngoulĂŞme
2059:John, King of England
2032:Berengaria of Navarre
1949:John, King of England
1881:
1666:10.1093/ref:odnb/8619
1646:Parsons, John Carmi.
1593:10.1093/ref:odnb/8620
879:Berenguela of Castile
637:Isabella of AngoulĂŞme
301:, while her parents,
2891:House of Plantagenet
2876:Deaths in childbirth
2382:Philippa of Hainault
2338:Eleanor of Woodstock
2309:Edward II of England
2280:Edward II of England
2202:Katherine of England
2163:Henry III of England
2078:Henry III of England
2020:Richard I of England
1981:Henry the Young King
1929:Richard I of England
1919:Henry the Young King
1907:Eleanor of Aquitaine
1805:House of Plantagenet
1770:at Wikimedia Commons
1614:"Joan of Acre"
1459:, pp. 532–536;
1434:Green (1850), p. 342
1298:Green (1850), p. 347
1108:Parsons (1995), p.40
1096:Parsons (1995), p.39
605:Henry III of England
331:Rudolph I of Germany
198:Edward de Monthermer
38:Countess of Hertford
2808:Richard of Eastwell
2754:no consort or issue
2659:Elizabeth Woodville
2609:Henry VI of England
2590:Henry VI of England
2583:Catherine of Valois
2547:Philippa of England
2498:Henry IV of England
2221:Edward I of England
2192:Beatrice of England
2187:Margaret of England
2182:Edward I of England
2175:Eleanor of Provence
2133:Bartholomew FitzRoy
2106:Joan, Lady of Wales
2093:Isabella of England
2000:William Plantagenet
1895:Henry II of England
1865:Mary of Shaftesbury
1847:William FitzEmpress
1837:Henry II of England
1268:Green (1850), p.343
1256:Green (1850), p.342
1201:Green (1850), p329.
1192:Green (1850), p.328
1180:Green (1850), p.327
1153:Green (1850), p.323
1144:Green (1850), p321.
1135:Green (1850), p.321
1126:Green (1850), p.320
1117:Green (1850), p 319
1078:Green (1850), p.318
725:Eleanor of Provence
663:Edward I of England
381:Ralph de Monthermer
285:Birth and childhood
268:Ralph de Monthermer
241:Edward I of England
219:Edward I of England
2916:Daughters of kings
2886:English countesses
2881:English princesses
2800:John of Gloucester
2571:Henry V of England
2542:Blanche of England
2522:Henry V of England
2479:Isabella of Valois
2321:Isabella of France
2233:Eleanor of Castile
1883:
1682:Prestwich, Michael
1648:Eleanor of Castile
1277:Green (1850) p.345
1087:Green 1850, p. 319
941:Simon de Dammartin
905:Eleanor of Castile
821:Alfonso IX of LeĂłn
415:Mary de Monthermer
401:Earl of Gloucester
366:Elizabeth de Clare
307:Eleanor of Castile
245:Eleanor of Castile
229:Eleanor of Castile
192:Joan de Monthermer
189:Mary de Monthermer
185:Elizabeth de Clare
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2731:
2725:Grace Plantagenet
2706:Catherine of York
2666:Elizabeth of York
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2621:Margaret of Anjou
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2559:
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2486:
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2450:
2437:John de Southeray
2394:Isabella de Coucy
2359:
2358:
2343:Joan of the Tower
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2297:
2270:Mary of Woodstock
2210:
2209:
2197:Edmund Crouchback
2152:
2151:
2048:
2047:
2009:
2008:
2002:(died in infancy)
1970:
1969:
1873:
1872:
1766:Media related to
1736:978-0-09-953973-5
1695:978-0-520-06266-5
1672:(Subscription or
1639:978-0-8014-0880-9
1599:(Subscription or
1573:978-1-4411-5712-6
1517:978-0-14-014824-4
1044:
1043:
1040:
1039:
757:Beatrice of Savoy
361:Margaret de Clare
234:
233:
181:Margaret de Clare
2928:
2768:
2767:
2738:
2737:
2686:Margaret of York
2642:
2641:
2604:
2603:
2566:
2565:
2493:
2492:
2457:
2456:
2365:
2364:
2304:
2303:
2216:
2215:
2158:
2157:
2118:Geoffrey FitzRoy
2054:
2053:
2040:Philip of Cognac
2015:
2014:
1976:
1975:
1890:
1889:
1813:
1812:
1798:
1791:
1784:
1775:
1774:
1765:
1740:
1718:
1699:
1677:
1669:
1643:
1624:
1616:
1604:
1596:
1577:
1548:
1521:
1509:
1498:
1479:
1465:O'Callaghan 1975
1455:, p. viii;
1450:
1444:
1441:
1435:
1432:
1426:
1423:
1417:
1414:
1408:
1405:
1394:
1391:
1385:
1382:
1376:
1373:
1367:
1364:
1353:
1350:
1344:
1341:
1332:
1329:
1323:
1317:
1311:
1308:
1299:
1296:
1290:
1287:
1278:
1275:
1269:
1266:
1257:
1254:
1248:
1245:
1236:
1233:
1220:
1219:Wilkinson, p. 91
1217:
1211:
1210:Green 1850, p329
1208:
1202:
1199:
1193:
1190:
1181:
1178:
1172:
1171:Wilkinson, p. 91
1169:
1163:
1160:
1154:
1151:
1145:
1142:
1136:
1133:
1127:
1124:
1118:
1115:
1109:
1106:
1097:
1094:
1088:
1085:
1079:
1076:
1070:
1067:
1061:
1058:
560:
559:
551:
550:
405:Earl of Hertford
356:Eleanor de Clare
297:, now in modern
177:Eleanor de Clare
160:
158:
138:
136:
53:
28:
27:
2936:
2935:
2931:
2930:
2929:
2927:
2926:
2925:
2836:
2835:
2834:
2829:
2812:
2775:
2758:
2745:
2728:
2711:Bridget of York
2649:
2632:
2611:
2594:
2573:
2556:
2500:
2483:
2474:Anne of Bohemia
2464:
2447:
2419:Mary of Waltham
2399:Joan of England
2372:
2355:
2311:
2294:
2223:
2206:
2165:
2148:
2145:William de Forz
2111:Richard FitzRoy
2061:
2044:
2022:
2005:
1983:
1966:
1897:
1884:
1869:
1830:Empress Matilda
1820:
1807:
1802:
1758:
1753:
1737:
1715:
1696:
1671:
1640:
1598:
1574:
1525:Costain, Thomas
1518:
1488:
1483:
1482:
1471:, p. 435;
1467:, p. 681;
1463:, p. 574;
1451:
1447:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1429:
1424:
1420:
1415:
1411:
1406:
1397:
1392:
1388:
1383:
1379:
1374:
1370:
1365:
1356:
1351:
1347:
1342:
1335:
1330:
1326:
1318:
1314:
1309:
1302:
1297:
1293:
1288:
1281:
1276:
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1267:
1260:
1255:
1251:
1246:
1239:
1234:
1223:
1218:
1214:
1209:
1205:
1200:
1196:
1191:
1184:
1179:
1175:
1170:
1166:
1162:Oxford, p. 626.
1161:
1157:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1139:
1134:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1112:
1107:
1100:
1095:
1091:
1086:
1082:
1077:
1073:
1068:
1064:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1045:
579:John of England
548:
517:
515:Joan in fiction
488:
443:
377:
343:
291:Kingdom of Acre
287:
197:
193:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
162:
159: 1297)
154:
150:
147:
141:
140:
132:
128:
125:
111:
98:
78:
68:Kingdom of Acre
62:
40:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2934:
2924:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2827:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2814:
2813:
2811:
2810:
2805:
2802:
2798:Illegitimate:
2795:
2794:
2788:
2787:
2780:
2777:
2776:
2764:
2763:
2760:
2759:
2757:
2756:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2734:
2733:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2723:
2718:
2714:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2676:Cecily of York
2673:
2668:
2662:
2661:
2654:
2651:
2650:
2638:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2616:
2613:
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2599:
2596:
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2586:
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2489:
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2481:
2476:
2469:
2466:
2465:
2453:
2452:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2445:
2442:
2441:Jane Northland
2439:
2435:Illegitimate:
2432:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2385:
2384:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2361:
2360:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2353:
2349:Illegitimate:
2346:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2300:
2299:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2235:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2212:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2178:
2177:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2154:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2143:
2142:Philip FitzRoy
2140:
2139:Isabel FitzRoy
2137:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2127:Osbert Gifford
2125:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2115:Oliver FitzRoy
2113:
2108:
2104:Illegitimate:
2101:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2074:
2073:
2066:
2063:
2062:
2050:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2042:
2038:Illegitimate:
2035:
2034:
2027:
2024:
2023:
2011:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2003:
1996:
1995:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1972:
1971:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1959:
1955:Illegitimate:
1952:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1886:
1885:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1853:Illegitimate:
1850:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1825:
1822:
1821:
1809:
1808:
1801:
1800:
1793:
1786:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1757:
1756:External links
1754:
1752:
1751:
1741:
1735:
1719:
1713:
1700:
1694:
1678:
1651:
1644:
1638:
1625:
1611:, ed. (1892).
1605:
1578:
1572:
1559:
1549:
1532:
1522:
1516:
1499:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1461:Prestwich 1988
1457:Carpenter 2004
1445:
1436:
1427:
1418:
1409:
1395:
1386:
1377:
1368:
1354:
1345:
1333:
1324:
1322:, p. 168.
1312:
1300:
1291:
1279:
1270:
1258:
1249:
1237:
1235:Oxford, p. 626
1221:
1212:
1203:
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341:First marriage
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2511:
2510:Mary de Bohun
2507:
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2135:
2132:
2130:Eudes FitzRoy
2129:
2126:
2124:Henry FitzRoy
2123:
2120:
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2114:
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2025:
2021:
2016:
2012:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1994:
1990:
1989:
1986:
1982:
1977:
1973:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1945:
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1911:
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1860:Emma of Anjou
1858:
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1714:0-312-21355-7
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1500:
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1474:
1470:
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1462:
1458:
1454:
1453:Hamilton 2010
1449:
1440:
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1404:
1402:
1400:
1390:
1381:
1372:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1349:
1340:
1338:
1328:
1321:
1316:
1310:Oxford, p.627
1307:
1305:
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31:Joan of Acre
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2851:1307 deaths
2846:1272 births
2444:Joan Skerne
1609:Lee, Sidney
1473:Howell 2004
209:Plantagenet
21:Joan of Arc
2840:Categories
1676:required.)
1603:required.)
1320:Ailes 2019
1048:References
448:Caernarfon
309:, were on
61:April 1272
2647:Edward IV
1545:221519473
468:Elizabeth
452:Edward II
315:Henry III
253:Holy Land
2825:Category
2743:Edward V
2681:Edward V
1725:(2008).
1686:Edward I
1684:(1988).
546:Ancestry
521:Infamous
460:Margaret
425:Amesbury
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2351:Adam
1731:ISBN
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877:13.
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501:paps
464:Mary
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249:Acre
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1662:doi
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903:3.
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