580:, BSEIU First Vice President, was believed to be the choice of the Board. McFetridge was known for his scrupulous honesty, and although he had served on the Board for many years he was a figurehead and not part of the mob's inner circle of decision-makers. The mob, however, felt he was not acceptable because he was not under the control of organized crime. During the meeting, the conspirators settled on Scalise as Horan's successor. Scalise's ties to the Chicago Outfit were not well known to the members of the Board or the public, and this became the reason why he was chosen as the compromise candidate. The mob council told Scalise he would draw a salary of $ 1,000 a month, and he was told to kick back $ 500 a month to the Chicago Outfit. Scalise later denied being at the meeting as well as knowing Fischetti or Burke, but union documents proved him wrong.
446:, Scalise had used his mob connections to establish several small union locals with the Teamsters. With Carfano's help, he then built several large locals of building janitors and elevator operators, began skimming members' dues and receiving kickbacks from employers, and then affiliated the locals with the BSEIU. In 1934, Scalise asked Carfano to use his Chicago Outfit connections to help Scalise become the Eastern Representative for BSEIU, a position which put him in control of all BSEIU locals on the
533:, forcing Horan to stay in Boston in order to avoid tainting the strikers' cause. Horan weakly claimed that he had purposefully flown to Boston to avoid any appearance that the strike was being run from Chicago and not New York. The strike spread to another 50 hotels on March 8 as Scalise announced that the union had signed another 1,814 apartment buildings to contracts. Local union officials said it would not look good if the strike were perceived to be led from Chicago.
576:). The meeting had been called to decide who should be the next president of the BSEIU in the event of Horan's death. The conspirators supported Burke, who was the Third Vice President of BSEIU, and a well-known labor racketeer. Burke had the backing of a majority of the mob figures, but the group felt he would be opposed by a majority of the BSEIU Board of Directors due to his public ties with organized crime.
450:. Horan agreed to the deal, and Scalise was not only appointed to the position but Scalise also received 50 percent of the dues from any newly organized members in the East. In 1935, when the Fifth Vice President position on the BSEIU Board of Directors opened up due to a retirement, Scalise worked with Carfano and Horan to win appointment to the position.
540:(a proposal the union had made on March 2). Mayor LaGuardia was named the arbitrator, and within 24 hours he proposed a "preferential shop." This time, Horan was at least consulted before the arbitration proposal was agreed to. But when the employers balked at LaGuardia's solution, the strike continued. Scalise struck all buildings and hotels around
521:
statement was considered so preposterous, however, that a day later he withdrew his promise and said that BSEIU would merely pledge "unlimited" funds to support the strike (yet another claim few believed). Horan attempted to fly to New York City on March 6 to personally take charge of the strike, but he was forced to divert his chartered flight to
497:, in August 1937. At the meeting, Green told Taylor that the AFL also believed the elevator operators should affiliate with BSEIU. Convinced that Horan had managed to intimidate even the powerful AFL president, Taylor agreed to affiliate his local with BSEIU in September 1937. Green and Nelson later denied that any such meeting had occurred.
460:
Because of Horan's mob connections, BSEIU grew tremendously during Horan's presidency. The mob received more money the more union members there were, so there was every incentive to bring in new members. Mob enforcers intimidated employers into permitting unionization of their employees, and existing
383:
funds from the national union's treasury. But Big Tim Murphy had been gunned down in 1928, leaving Horan without protection. Horan could not turn to
Chicago Mayor Bill Thompson, either, for Thompson was closely linked to the Capone mob. Although labor leaders like the now-deceased William Rooney had
597:
The afternoon of the funeral, the BSEIU board of directors met to elect the next president of the union. Included in the meeting were First Vice
President McFetridge; Second Vice President Gus Van Heck; Third Vice President Burke; Fourth Vice President Charles Hardy; Fifth Vice President Scalise;
484:
met Taylor at the
Bismarck Hotel (171 West Randolph Street in Chicago) and offered him $ 50,000 in cash to voluntarily affiliate his union with BSEIU. Taylor refused the offer. Horan kept up the pressure on Taylor in various ways, and Taylor finally gave in. Horan arranged for Taylor to meet with
520:
Horan did not become publicly involved in the strike until the fifth day. He issued no press releases, made no speeches, and pledged no support. When Horan finally did make a statement, he pledged to lead all building workers nationwide out on strike in support of the New York City workers. His
353:
Although Horan won praise from
Chicago newspapers for eliminating the worst and most obvious forms of violence, intimidation, and graft in the union, his ties to organized crime actually deepened. Horan's uncle, "Wild Bill" Rooney, had virtually taken control of the BSEIU's Chicago locals with
1740:
Hardy was generally considered honest and a figurehead who was not part of the mob's inner circle on the board. In 1939, Burke and his allies ran a candidate who defeated Hardy for re-election to the BSEIU board of directors. Hardy regained his seat in 1942. His son, George, was elected SEIU
528:
On the sixth day of the strike it became clear that George
Scalise and not Jerry Horan was in control of BSEIU. Scalise forced the owners of 45 buildings to settle on his terms late on March 6. The press, meanwhile, accused Horan of being in cahoots with Al Capone and recently deceased
325:
in that candidate's unsuccessful run as the
Republican candidate for governor of Illinois in 1936. However, Horan used the Wage Earners' League to not only promote candidates for office (allegedly through intimidation and vote-rigging) but also to run an illegal gambling operation near
223:
On May 6, 1922, Horan, Shea, Murphy, and five other labor leaders and labor racketeers were arrested and charged with the murder of a
Chicago police officer. Horan was accidentally released, and went into hiding—although the press reported that he had
505:
A major event during Horan's presidency was a strike that BSEIU conducted in 1936 in New York City. But despite being
International President, Horan played only a minor role in the strike. The strike began on March 1, 1936, with the union seeking a
269:, who had succeeded Quesse as president of BSEIU in February 1927, resigned his union office for health reasons on September 3, 1927. Jerry Horan was formally elected Nelson's successor on September 6, 1927. Horan's brother-in-law, local
548:
on March 10 (adding another 300 buildings to those struck, bringing the total to more than 2,500). The strike's expansion proved too much for the employers, and an agreement on the union's terms was reached on March 14.
594:
Five thousand people attended his funeral at Our Lady of Mount Carmel Church in
Chicago. He was buried at Calvary Cemetery, where more than 30 automobiles were needed to deliver flowers to the grave.
510:
and a $ 2-a-week pay increased. Although only 5,000 workers initially walked off the job, five days later another 11,000 BSEIU members had joined them. The strike was so important and widespread that
404:
and other unions approached Touhy in 1929 and sought protection from Capone. Horan brought $ 125,000 in cash (raised from the union leaders) to buy Touhy's assistance, which Touhy agreed to provide.
181:
By the time he was in his mid 30s, Jerry Horan had been heavily involved in organized crime for several years. He owned a saloon near the corner of South Wood Street and West Van Buren Street in
1719:
Financial records introduced by New York state prosecutors at
Scalise's 1940 trial for theft and forgery showed that in February 1939, Scalise, Carfano, Fischetti and Burke all took a trip to
1567:
Under LaGuardia's scheme, employers would be forced to go to the union first when hiring new workers, and seek workers on the open labor market only if the union had no members able to work.
193:
of bombers, gunmen and "sluggers" (men who would beat others to intimidate them) which was in the employ of various organized crime outfits and labor unions. Among his clients were
2462:
557:
In April 1937, Horan fell seriously ill and was thought to be dying. Scalise contacted Carfano, who agreed to try to have Scalise appointed president of BSEIU if Horan died.
517:
became personally involved in the negotiations. On March 6, the strike spread to 17 hotels in New York City in addition to the 1,964 apartment buildings which were affected.
572:, and labor racketeer Thomas J. Burke—met with George Scalise at the Café Capri restaurant at 123 North Clark Street in Chicago (a favorite hangout of Chicago Outfit leader
407:
But after Wild Bill Rooney's murder in March 1931, a frightened Horan (who was terrified even of his own bodyguards) made peace with Capone. In April 1933, Horan met with
490:
473:
232:
and the court agreed to withdraw the indictments. Horan was indicted a second time a short time later on the same charges. Although Horan was later identified by
396:, who controlled Chicago's northwest suburbs and was already engaged in a battle with Capone. According to Touhy and other sources, Horan and leaders of the
461:
locals swelled with members while new locals proliferated. BSEIU grew from 10,000 members in 1932 to 40,000 members in 1936 and 75,000 members in 1939.
477:
401:
273:
president William J. "Wild Bill" Rooney—an alleged murderer and noted crime figure in the city—engineered Horan's accession to the union presidency.
270:
583:
On April 20, 1937, Jerry Horan was removed by ambulance from his apartment home at the Cornelia Apartments at 3500 N. Lake Shore Drive and taken to
341:
in December 1927, but shuttered it less than six months later. He also established a council of trade union leaders to identify and respond to the
565:
2405:
561:
412:
108:
76:
2467:
469:
1723:
together, in direct contradiction of Scalise's claim that he had never met Carfano or Fischetti. See: "Scalise Accuser Tells Death Fear,"
602:
judge. Nelson put forward Scalise's name, and George Scalise was elected president of the Building Service Employees International Union.
476:. Horan wanted the elevator operators to support strikes by building workers, and he wanted Taylor's union in BSEIU. Horan sent mobster
384:
broken with Thompson, Horan had not—and could not expect Thompson to protect him from Capone. In desperation, Horan moved to Chicago's
536:
On March 9, both sides agreed to settle the strike—which still affected more than 300 buildings out of more than 2,195 struck—by
170:
453:
Despite Horan's deepening relationship with organized crime, he was warmly embraced by the AFL. In December 1935, AFL President
313:
in 1927, and was elected chairman of the Republican Party's 27th Ward Committee in November 1929. He backed Republican Governor
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210:
2424:
2316:
2253:
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1938:
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1833:
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established by William Quesse in 1924 to promote pro-labor candidates for office. He was a prominent supporter of Republican
598:
Secretary-Treasurer Paul David; and International Union Trustee Elizabeth Grady. Also in attendance was Oscar Nelson, now a
2406:
SEIU Executive Office Microfilm Collection, 1921-1955. Reuther Library of Labor and Urban Affairs, Wayne State University.
464:
The union also grew through affiliations. Many of these affiliations were coerced, however. In one notorious case, Horan
2309:
When Capone's Mob Murdered Roger Touhy: The Strange Case of "Jake the Barber" and the Kidnapping That Never Happened.
1093:
When Capone's Mob Murdered Roger Touhy: The Strange Case of "Jake the Barber" and the Kidnapping That Never Happened,
388:
in the late 1920s in an attempt to escape Capone's influence. But when Capone sought him out again, Horan turned to
248:
244:
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with Murphy, Shea and Mader in planning bombings, murders, and beatings, the state withdrew these charges as well.
2472:
447:
584:
422:
In 1934, the Capone mob forced Horan to hire George Scalise as a union organizer. Scalise, a 38-year-old from
2370:
Witwer, David. "The Scandal of George Scalise: A Case Study in the Rise of Labor Racketeering in the 1930s."
291:(AFL) had risen to the point where he was named a member of the AFL delegation to the annual meeting of the
151:
Jerry Horan was born to John and Mary Horan McLeod in May 1886. He was one of eight children, and raised a
2335:"200 Labor Chiefs Arrested in Chicago After Two Policemen Are Shot Dead And Industrial Plants Are Bombed."
803:"200 Labor Chiefs Arrested in Chicago After Two Policemen Are Shot Dead And Industrial Plants Are Bombed,"
454:
333:
New member organizing was initially not very high on Horan's list of priorities. He established a union of
288:
277:
486:
302:
143:
scheme whereby Scalise would eventually loot the union treasury of millions of dollars in member dues.
704:
Witwer, "The Scandal of George Scalise: A Case Study in the Rise of Labor Racketeering in the 1930s,"
301:
Horan's political activity also continued. He took over the Cook County Wage Earner's League, a quasi-
494:
355:
427:
225:
541:
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314:
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Horan, however, initially attempted to avoid being put under the influence of Capone and his
306:
295:
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2452:
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and seeking to improperly influence James H. Wilkerson, the judge overseeing Capone's 1931
252:
1749:
July 23, 1973; Cook, "George Hardy, 79, Pioneer Leader of Service Worker Union, Is Dead,"
8:
166:
162:
493:
union), and AFL President William Green after a meeting of the AFL executive council in
577:
358:
237:
220:, as an organizer in 1921. His primary job, however, was to act as Quesse's chauffeur.
2312:
2249:
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1934:
1857:
1829:
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to threaten Taylor in 1936, but this tactic failed. In early 1937, Horan and mobster
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322:
198:
186:
152:
416:
310:
281:
116:
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and turned over control of BSEIU over to Capone—taking his day-to-day orders from
1880:
Cook, Joan. "George Hardy, 79, Pioneer Leader Of Service Worker Union, Is Dead."
435:
408:
354:
Horan's approval within by the end of 1928. In 1933, Horan was accused by former
139:(his successor) to enter and rise within the organization. Horan established the
104:
2434:
481:
431:
376:
292:
229:
217:
206:
136:
124:
2246:
Public Workers: Government Employee Unions, the Law, and the State, 1900-1962.
1372:
Public Workers: Government Employee Unions, the Law, and the State, 1900-1962,
2446:
599:
588:
530:
439:
423:
1706:
September 13, 1940; Hartmann, "Call Janitors Convention to Block Hoodlums,"
2416:
1727:
August 28, 1940; Fulton, "Reveal Scalise Paid Gangsters' Bills in Havana,"
1720:
807:
May 11, 1922; "Labor Chiefs Seized in Effort to End Murders by Gangsters,"
545:
380:
266:
158:
He married the former Nonie Corbett, and the couple had a daughter, Helen.
1024:
February 24, 1934; Wright, "Nelson Quizzed About Meeting With Al Capone,"
815:
May 12, 1922; "Eight Labor Chiefs Indicted In Chicago To Block Release,"
573:
537:
507:
434:
and other organized crime activities since the early 1920s. A protégé of
393:
389:
369:
120:
1766:
September 24, 1940; "4th Union Chief Links Nelson to Scalise Election,"
1316:
October 8, 1940; Doherty, "Scalise, Pride Salved, Talks About Himself,"
228:
and been freed for rendering assistance. On May 24, the state asked for
465:
318:
202:
1826:
Big City Boss in Depression and War: Mayor Edward J. Kelly of Chicago.
1044:
Big City Boss in Depression and War: Mayor Edward J. Kelly of Chicago,
2125:"Mulcting of Chicago Service Union Revealed in Deathbed Confession."
1741:
president in 1971. See: "List Scalise's Withdrawals At $ 1,500,000,"
1423:"Mulcting of Chicago Service Union Revealed in Deathbed Confession,"
397:
365:
342:
255:
132:
112:
819:
May 12, 1922; "Raid Bomb Factory in Chicago's War On Labor Terror,"
1957:
Fulton, William. "Reveal Scalise Paid Gangsters' Bills in Havana."
831:
June 10, 1922; "Shea, Member of 'Big 3,' And Two Others Get Bail,"
560:
The week before Horan's death, a group of gangsters—which included
362:
61:
1971:
Fulton, William. "Testifies Gang Placed Scalise On Union Throne."
1328:
August 9, 1940; "Tell Three Year Take of Scalise As Trial Nears,"
457:
was the keynote speaker at a testimonial dinner in Horan's honor.
1950:
Fulton, William. "Judge Told How Scalise Tapped Union Treasury."
525:
after New York City authorities declared the city closed to him.
233:
194:
182:
140:
128:
57:
2377:
Wren, Thomas. "Horan Succeeds Oscar Nelson As Janitors' Chief."
2020:
Hartmann, George. "Call Janitors Convention to Block Hoodlums."
1901:
Dwyer, Orville. "How Murderers Rode to Rule in Elevator Union."
1320:
January 28, 1940; "Aids Tell How Scalise Ruled Union Treasury,"
835:
June 13, 1922; "'Big 3' Denied Separate Trials On Terror Plot,"
2391:
Wright, George. "Nelson Quizzed About Meeting With Al Capone."
1964:
Fulton, William "Scalise Linked to Underworld In Union Plans."
338:
317:'s plan to pass a state constitutional amendment legalizing an
2083:
Kinsley, Philip. "Guns, Killer, 'Big 3' Linked By State Spy."
1894:
Doherty, James. "Scalise, Pride Salved, Talks About Himself."
2104:"Labor Chiefs Seized in Effort to End Murders by Gangsters."
2027:
Hewitt, Oscar. "Labor of City Backs Proposed Tax Amendment."
2349:"Union Chiefs Here Doubt Plan to Call Nation-Wide Strike."
1915:"Eight Labor Chiefs Indicted In Chicago To Block Release."
1499:"Union Chiefs Here Doubt Plan to Call Nation-Wide Strike,"
1020:
February 25, 1933; Ator, "Admits Perjury in Racket Trial,"
334:
190:
2384:
Wren, Thomas. "Plans Council to Lead Fight on Open Shop."
2013:"Green, A.F.L. Chief, Speaks at Dinner for Jerry Horan."
1357:"Green, A.F.L. Chief, Speaks at Dinner for Jerry Horan,"
1208:
Fulton, "Testifies Gang Placed Scalise On Union Throne,"
345:
movement, but the council never engaged in any activity.
135:, physical intimidation, and other crimes, and permitted
1828:
DeKalb, Ill.: Northern Illinois University Press, 1984.
1689:
Fulton, "Judge Told How Scalise Tapped Union Treasury,"
881:
Wren, "Horan Succeeds Oscar Nelson As Janitors' Chief,"
348:
2463:
Presidents of the Service Employees International Union
2146:"New Peace Offer By Owners Is Seen As Strike Spreads."
1838:"Both Sides Agree to Discuss Peace in Service Strike."
1592:"New Peace Offer By Owners Is Seen As Strike Spreads,"
1576:"Both Sides Agree to Discuss Peace in Service Strike,"
1299:
Dwyer, "How Murderers Rode to Rule in Elevator Union,"
1186:
Fulton, "Scalise Linked to Underworld In Union Plans,"
287:
By the fall of 1929, his political fortunes within the
111:
from 1927 until his death in 1937. Although praised by
2230:"Service Strike Is Settled By the Mayor's New Board."
2167:"Raid Bomb Factory in Chicago's War On Labor Terror."
1854:
Big Bill Thompson, Chicago, and the Politics of Image.
1789:"All-Night Parley On Strike Brings Agreement Nearer."
1745:
May 3, 1940; Strong, "Burke's Ouster Ends Labor Era,"
1622:
March 15, 1936; "Service Employes Back On Job Today,"
1618:"Service Strike Is Settled By the Mayor's New Board,"
1605:"All-Night Parley On Strike Brings Agreement Nearer,"
1048:
Big Bill Thompson, Chicago, and the Politics of Image,
964:
Hewitt, "Labor of City Backs Proposed Tax Amendment,"
852:
Kinsley, "Guns, Killer, 'Big 3' Linked By State Spy,"
827:
May 15, 1922; "'Big 3' of Chicago Labor To Be Tried,"
2071:
Encyclopedia of Organized Crime in the United States.
1261:
Encyclopedia of Organized Crime in the United States,
2237:"Shea, Member of 'Big 3,' And Two Others Get Bail."
2055:"Hunt for Murder Clew in Past of Slain Union Boss."
1978:"Gambling Salon Operates Wide Open Near City Hall."
1943:"4th Union Chief Links Nelson to Scalise Election."
951:"Hunt for Murder Clew in Past of Slain Union Boss,"
929:"Gambling Salon Operates Wide Open Near City Hall,"
823:
May 13, 1922; "Get New Evidence On Labor Bombings,"
176:
2272:"Strikers Win Agreement in Chain of 45 Buildings."
2041:"Horan Installed as Head of Flat Janitors' Union."
1525:"Strikers Win Agreement in Chain of 45 Buildings,"
774:"Horan Installed as Head of Flat Janitors' Union."
2356:"Union of Maids and Butlers Put Out of Business."
2286:"Tell Three Year Take of Scalise As Trial Nears."
2097:"Labor, Business and Civic Heads Support Brooks."
2062:"Jerry J. Horan, Flat Janitors' Leader, is Dead."
2048:"Hotels Tied Up As N.Y. Building Strike Spreads."
1554:"Hotels Tied Up As N.Y. Building Strike Spreads,"
990:"Union of Maids and Butlers Put Out of Business,"
977:"Labor, Business and Civic Heads Support Brooks,"
897:Wren, "Plans Council to Lead Fight on Open Shop,"
811:May 11, 1922; "Rush To Indict Chicago Laborites,"
650:"Jerry J. Horan, Flat Janitors' Leader, Is Dead,"
2111:"Labor Finds Its Small Bosters Are Discredited."
1803:"'Big 3' Denied Separate Trials On Terror Plot."
1324:May 4, 1940; "Says Scalise Got $ 2,000 A Month,"
868:"Labor Finds Its Small Bosters Are Discredited,"
2444:
2279:Strong, James. "Burke's Ouster Ends Labor Era."
1908:"Each Side Digs In For War In Building Strike."
1796:Ator, Joseph. "Admits Perjury in Racket Trial."
1441:"Each Side Digs In For War In Building Strike,"
2328:"2 Court Orders Demand Union's Money Records."
2293:"Touhy Accuses Cop in $ 40,000 Capone Payoff."
2265:"Strikers Agree to Arbitration in N.Y. Tieup."
2153:"N.Y. Fights All Night to End Building Tieup."
2139:"Nelson's Role in Scalise Vote Told at Probe."
1922:Evans, Arthur. "Galpin's Ward Is Reorganized."
1887:"Developments to Date; Clearing Bomb Mystery."
1762:"Nelson's Role in Scalise Vote Told at Probe,"
1550:
1548:
1479:"N.Y. Fights All Night to End Building Tieup,"
1459:"Strikers Agree to Arbitration in N.Y. Tieup,"
1107:"Touhy Accuses Cop in $ 40,000 Capone Payoff,"
758:"Developments to Date; Clearing Bomb Mystery,"
587:. Jerry Horan died there on April 27, 1937, of
2300:"Touhy Relates How Syndicate Invaded Unions."
2248:Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 2004.
2202:"Scalise Hired to Loot Union, State Charges."
2073:Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 2000.
1992:"Gangland Rule of Union Told By Pay-Off Man."
1782:"Aids Tell How Scalise Ruled Union Treasury."
1702:"Scalise Hired to Loot Union, State Charges,"
1640:"Gangland Rule of Union Told By Pay-Off Man,"
1340:
1338:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1125:"Touhy Relates How Syndicate Invaded Unions,"
909:
907:
893:
891:
839:June 18, 1922; Kinsley, "Trial Nears Climax,"
754:
752:
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271:Sheet Metal Workers' International Association
216:Horan was hired by his uncle, BSEIU President
109:Building Service Employees International Union
77:Building Service Employees International Union
2118:"List Scalise's Withdrawals At $ 1,500,000."
1999:"Gangster Says Unions Paid to Fight Capone."
1856:Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1997.
1344:"List Scalise's Withdrawals At $ 1,500,000,"
1182:
1180:
1138:"Gangster Says Unions Paid to Fight Capone,"
864:
862:
736:
734:
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438:, a former Capone associate who had moved to
115:for reducing the level of overt violence and
1866:"Capone Effort to Influence Judge Charged."
1685:
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1545:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1166:
1164:
1016:"Capone Effort to Influence Judge Charged,"
470:International Union of Elevator Constructors
2132:"Murphy, Shea, Mader Hit As Killers Talk."
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740:"Murphy, Shea, Mader Hit As Killers Talk,"
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379:. Capone sought control BSEIU in order to
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1671:Strong, "Burke's Ouster Ends Labor Era,"
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1810:"'Big 3' of Chicago Labor To Be Tried."
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209:(who was international president of the
185:(the site is now a parking lot opposite
2363:Wendt, Lloyd. "How Labor Is Hijacked."
2342:"Union Boss Slain By Gang In Chicago."
2311:Fort Lee, N.J.: Barricade Books, 2001.
2216:"Scalise Sentenced to 10 to 20 Years."
2209:"Scalise Jury Gets 2 Success Stories."
2090:Kinsley, Philip. "Trial Nears Climax."
1873:"Cites Gilbert Link to Labor Rackets."
1312:"Scalise Sentenced to 10 to 20 Years,"
1236:
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1226:
1224:
1222:
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1170:"Scalise Sentenced to 10 to 20 Years,"
1154:"Cites Gilbert Link to Labor Rackets,"
1145:
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1082:
1003:"Union Boss Slain By Gang In Chicago,"
947:
945:
943:
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939:
913:Evans, "Galpin's Ward Is Reorganized,"
722:"Scalise Jury Gets 2 Success Stories,"
624:
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500:
280:in BSEIU, pushing his members to learn
171:Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks
2445:
2325:Cleveland: The Pennington Press, 1959.
2223:"Service Employes Back On Job Today."
2006:"Get New Evidence On Labor Bombings."
1098:
1066:
794:
711:
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442:and joined what was then known as the
211:International Brotherhood of Teamsters
2425:Service Employees International Union
1647:
1448:
1390:
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1031:
657:
436:Anthony "Little Augie Pisano" Carfano
349:Organized crime infiltration of BSEIU
127:, Horan nonetheless still engaged in
2195:"Scalise Depicted As Tool of Gang."
2188:"Scalise Accuser Tells Death Fear."
2181:"Says Scalise Got $ 2,000 A Month."
2174:"Rush To Indict Chicago Laborites."
2034:"Horan Here Denies Link to Capone."
1538:"Horan Here Denies Link to Capone,"
1246:"Scalise Depicted As Tool of Gang,"
1215:
936:
781:
611:
2468:American Federation of Labor people
635:
261:
161:He became a lifelong member of the
101:Jeremiah J. Horan (aka Jerry Horan)
13:
426:, had been involved in interstate
276:Horan quickly began a campaign of
14:
2489:
2399:
2321:Touhy, Roger (with Ray Brennan).
251:politics in Illinois, supporting
177:Early organized crime involvement
103:(May 1886-April 28, 1937) was an
16:American labor leader (1886–1937)
1658:Wendt, "How Labor Is Hijacked,"
1933:New York: PublicAffairs, 2006.
1756:
1734:
1713:
1696:
1665:
1612:
1599:
1570:
1561:
1532:
1519:
1506:
1377:
1364:
1351:
1306:
1253:
1132:
1053:
1010:
997:
984:
971:
958:
875:
846:
205:, and mobster and labor leader
2258:"Slay Capone Aid In His Car."
1383:"Slay Capone Aid In His Car,"
485:Oscar Nelson, George Scalise,
419:, Capone's liaison to unions.
309:during his successful run for
284:and become American citizens.
146:
1:
2478:Trade unionists from Illinois
1776:
1405:"Gang Rule of Union Bared!",
1985:"Gang Rule of Union Bared!"
417:Murray "The Camel" Humphreys
289:American Federation of Labor
243:By 1924, Horan had become a
107:figure and President of the
7:
2001:United Press International.
1140:United Press International,
307:William "Big Bill" Thompson
10:
2494:
2372:Journal of Social History.
1845:"Building Tieup Spreads."
1512:"Building Tieup Spreads,"
706:Journal of Social History,
303:political action committee
2431:
2421:
2413:
495:Atlantic City, New Jersey
356:Illinois Attorney General
90:
82:
69:
43:
28:
21:
605:
552:
531:Louis "Two Guns" Alterie
199:Timothy "Big Tim" Murphy
468:a Chicago local of the
226:turned state's evidence
123:under his predecessor,
2473:Activists from Chicago
2393:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2386:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2379:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2365:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2358:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2351:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2330:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2302:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2295:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2288:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2267:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2260:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2239:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2204:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2162:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2155:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2141:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2134:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2120:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2113:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2106:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2099:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2092:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2085:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2064:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2057:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2050:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2043:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2029:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2022:Chicago Daily Tribune.
2015:Chicago Daily Tribune.
1994:Chicago Daily Tribune.
1987:Chicago Daily Tribune.
1980:Chicago Daily Tribune.
1973:Chicago Daily Tribune.
1966:Chicago Daily Tribune.
1959:Chicago Daily Tribune.
1952:Chicago Daily Tribune.
1945:Chicago Daily Tribune.
1924:Chicago Daily Tribune.
1910:Chicago Daily Tribune.
1903:Chicago Daily Tribune.
1896:Chicago Daily Tribune.
1889:Chicago Daily Tribune.
1875:Chicago Daily Tribune.
1868:Chicago Daily Tribune.
1847:Chicago Daily Tribune.
1805:Chicago Daily Tribune.
1798:Chicago Daily Tribune.
1784:Chicago Daily Tribune.
1768:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1764:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1743:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1729:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1708:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1704:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1691:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1660:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1642:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1556:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1514:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1501:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1481:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1461:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1443:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1407:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1385:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1359:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1346:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1330:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1322:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1318:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1301:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1210:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1188:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1156:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1127:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1109:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1026:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1022:Chicago Daily Tribune,
1018:Chicago Daily Tribune,
992:Chicago Daily Tribune,
979:Chicago Daily Tribune,
966:Chicago Daily Tribune,
953:Chicago Daily Tribune,
931:Chicago Daily Tribune,
915:Chicago Daily Tribune,
899:Chicago Daily Tribune,
883:Chicago Daily Tribune,
870:Chicago Daily Tribune,
854:Chicago Daily Tribune,
841:Chicago Daily Tribune,
837:Chicago Daily Tribune,
833:Chicago Daily Tribune,
809:Chicago Daily Tribune,
776:Chicago Daily Tribune.
760:Chicago Daily Tribune,
742:Chicago Daily Tribune,
652:Chicago Daily Tribune,
630:Chicago Daily Tribune,
515:Fiorello H. La Guardia
2307:Touhy, John William.
542:Grand Central Station
296:Trades Union Congress
1931:Solidarity For Sale.
1091:John William Touhy,
789:Solidarity For Sale,
501:New York City strike
444:Luciano crime family
163:Loyal Order of Moose
2388:September 14, 1930.
2304:September 20, 1952.
2206:September 13, 1940.
2143:September 24, 1940.
2003:September 20, 1952.
1996:September 21, 1940.
1947:September 26, 1940.
1884:September 18, 1990.
1852:Bukowski, Douglas.
1770:September 26, 1940.
1753:September 18, 1990.
1644:September 21, 1940.
1142:September 20, 1952.
1129:September 20, 1952.
901:September 14, 1930.
361:of consorting with
167:Knights of Columbus
2381:September 4, 1927.
2129:September 7, 1940.
2045:September 7, 1927.
2017:December 15, 1935.
1989:September 7, 1940.
1870:February 25, 1933.
1800:February 24, 1934.
1427:September 7, 1940.
1409:September 7, 1940.
1361:December 15, 1935.
885:September 4, 1927.
778:September 7, 1927.
585:Passavant Hospital
578:William McFetridge
489:(president of the
432:labor racketeering
359:Edward J. Brundage
247:and was active in
236:testimony as a co-
119:which plagued the
94:Helen Horan Curran
2441:
2440:
2432:Succeeded by
2323:The Stolen Years.
2317:978-1-56980-174-1
2254:978-0-8014-4012-0
2101:October 27, 1936.
2079:978-0-313-30653-2
2069:Kelly, Robert J.
2031:October 21, 1930.
1939:978-1-891620-72-0
1926:November 8, 1929.
1898:January 28, 1940.
1862:978-0-252-06668-9
1834:978-0-87580-098-1
1077:The Stolen Years,
981:October 27, 1936.
968:October 21, 1930.
917:November 8, 1929.
570:Charles Fischetti
386:northwest suburbs
328:Chicago City Hall
323:Charles W. Brooks
197:and labor leader
187:Malcolm X College
98:
97:
2485:
2414:Preceded by
2411:
2410:
2367:August 17, 1941.
2281:Chicago Tribune.
2244:Slater, Joseph.
2220:October 8, 1940.
2213:August 16, 1940.
2199:August 27, 1940.
2192:August 28, 1940.
1975:August 27, 1940.
1968:August 20, 1940.
1961:August 28, 1940.
1877:August 10, 1954.
1771:
1760:
1754:
1747:Chicago Tribune,
1738:
1732:
1731:August 28, 1940.
1717:
1711:
1700:
1694:
1687:
1676:
1673:Chicago Tribune,
1669:
1663:
1662:August 17, 1941.
1656:
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1257:
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1250:August 27, 1940.
1244:
1213:
1212:August 27, 1940.
1206:
1191:
1190:August 20, 1940.
1184:
1175:
1174:October 8, 1940.
1168:
1159:
1158:August 10, 1954.
1152:
1143:
1136:
1130:
1123:
1112:
1105:
1096:
1089:
1080:
1073:
1064:
1057:
1051:
1046:1984; Bukowski,
1040:
1029:
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1008:
1001:
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988:
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975:
969:
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779:
772:
763:
756:
745:
738:
727:
726:August 16, 1940.
720:
709:
702:
655:
648:
633:
626:
321:, and supported
311:Mayor of Chicago
262:BSEIU presidency
53:
51:
38:
36:
19:
18:
2493:
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2442:
2437:
2428:
2419:
2402:
2395:April 20, 1934.
2346:March 20, 1931.
2344:New York Times.
2337:New York Times.
2290:August 9, 1940.
2274:New York Times.
2234:March 15, 1936.
2232:New York Times.
2227:March 16, 1936.
2225:New York Times.
2218:New York Times.
2211:New York Times.
2197:New York Times.
2190:New York Times.
2185:August 9, 1940.
2183:New York Times.
2176:New York Times.
2169:New York Times.
2164:April 30, 1937.
2150:March 11, 1936.
2148:New York Times.
2127:New York Times.
2087:August 1, 1922.
2066:April 28, 1937.
2059:March 20, 1931.
2036:New York Times.
2024:March 27, 1942.
2008:New York Times.
1982:April 19, 1928.
1929:Fitch, Robert.
1917:New York Times.
1905:March 23, 1943.
1882:New York Times.
1840:New York Times.
1812:New York Times.
1793:March 12, 1936.
1791:New York Times.
1779:
1774:
1761:
1757:
1751:New York Times,
1739:
1735:
1725:New York Times,
1718:
1714:
1710:March 27, 1942.
1701:
1697:
1688:
1679:
1670:
1666:
1657:
1648:
1639:
1630:
1626:March 16, 1936.
1624:New York Times,
1620:New York Times,
1617:
1613:
1609:March 12, 1936.
1607:New York Times,
1604:
1600:
1596:March 11, 1936.
1594:New York Times,
1591:
1584:
1578:New York Times,
1575:
1571:
1566:
1562:
1553:
1546:
1540:New York Times,
1537:
1533:
1527:New York Times,
1524:
1520:
1511:
1507:
1498:
1487:
1478:
1467:
1458:
1449:
1440:
1431:
1425:New York Times,
1422:
1413:
1404:
1391:
1382:
1378:
1369:
1365:
1356:
1352:
1343:
1336:
1332:August 9, 1940.
1326:New York Times,
1314:New York Times,
1311:
1307:
1303:March 23, 1943.
1298:
1267:
1258:
1254:
1248:New York Times,
1245:
1216:
1207:
1194:
1185:
1178:
1172:New York Times,
1169:
1162:
1153:
1146:
1137:
1133:
1124:
1115:
1106:
1099:
1090:
1083:
1074:
1067:
1058:
1054:
1041:
1032:
1028:April 20, 1934.
1015:
1011:
1007:March 20, 1931.
1005:New York Times,
1002:
998:
989:
985:
976:
972:
963:
959:
955:March 20, 1931.
950:
937:
933:April 19, 1928.
928:
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905:
896:
889:
880:
876:
867:
860:
856:August 1, 1922.
851:
847:
829:New York Times,
825:New York Times,
821:New York Times,
817:New York Times,
813:New York Times,
805:New York Times,
802:
795:
786:
782:
773:
766:
757:
748:
739:
730:
724:New York Times,
721:
712:
703:
658:
654:April 28, 1937.
649:
636:
632:April 30, 1937.
627:
612:
608:
555:
503:
478:Louis Schiavone
409:North Side Gang
351:
264:
189:). Horan led a
179:
149:
105:organized crime
74:
65:
64:, United States
55:
49:
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2435:George Scalise
2433:
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2408:
2401:
2400:External links
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2353:March 5, 1936.
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2283:July 23, 1973.
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230:nolle prosequi
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207:Cornelius Shea
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826:
822:
818:
814:
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800:
798:
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784:
777:
771:
769:
762:May 16, 1922.
761:
755:
753:
751:
744:May 16, 1922.
743:
737:
735:
733:
725:
719:
717:
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707:
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631:
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623:
621:
619:
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610:
603:
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600:circuit court
595:
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589:liver failure
586:
581:
579:
575:
571:
567:
566:Frank Diamond
563:
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455:William Green
451:
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440:New York City
437:
433:
429:
425:
424:New York City
420:
418:
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410:
405:
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392:and gangster
391:
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93:
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86:Nonie Corbett
85:
81:
78:
72:
70:Occupation(s)
68:
63:
59:
46:
42:
31:
27:
20:
2422:
2417:Oscar Nelson
2392:
2385:
2378:
2374:Summer 2003.
2371:
2364:
2357:
2350:
2343:
2336:
2329:
2322:
2308:
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2231:
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2203:
2196:
2189:
2182:
2175:
2168:
2161:
2160:"Obituary."
2154:
2147:
2140:
2133:
2126:
2122:May 3, 1940.
2119:
2112:
2105:
2098:
2091:
2084:
2070:
2063:
2056:
2049:
2042:
2035:
2028:
2021:
2014:
2007:
2000:
1993:
1986:
1979:
1972:
1965:
1958:
1954:May 9, 1940.
1951:
1944:
1930:
1923:
1916:
1909:
1902:
1895:
1888:
1881:
1874:
1867:
1853:
1846:
1839:
1825:
1818:
1811:
1804:
1797:
1790:
1786:May 4, 1940.
1783:
1767:
1763:
1758:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1736:
1728:
1724:
1721:Havana, Cuba
1715:
1707:
1703:
1698:
1693:May 9, 1940.
1690:
1672:
1667:
1659:
1641:
1623:
1619:
1614:
1606:
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1480:
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1442:
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1371:
1366:
1358:
1353:
1348:May 3, 1940.
1345:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
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1300:
1260:
1255:
1247:
1209:
1187:
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978:
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840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
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808:
804:
788:
783:
775:
759:
741:
723:
708:Summer 2003.
705:
651:
629:
628:"Obituary,"
596:
593:
582:
562:Mike Carozza
559:
556:
546:Times Square
535:
527:
519:
504:
463:
459:
452:
428:prostitution
421:
413:Ted Newberry
406:
374:
352:
332:
300:
286:
275:
267:Oscar Nelson
265:
242:
222:
215:
180:
160:
157:
150:
100:
99:
73:Labor leader
2458:1937 deaths
2453:1886 births
1817:"Big Tim."
1059:"Big Tim,"
574:Frank Nitti
538:arbitration
508:closed shop
491:Bricklayers
487:Harry Bates
394:Roger Touhy
370:tax evasion
278:Americanism
238:conspirator
147:Early years
75:President,
23:Jerry Horan
2447:Categories
2429:1927-1937
1777:References
448:East Coast
390:bootlegger
319:income tax
245:Republican
234:eyewitness
203:Fred Mader
201:, mobster
169:, and the
113:newspapers
50:1937-04-27
39:May , 1886
35:1886-05-00
398:Teamsters
366:Al Capone
343:open shop
256:Len Small
133:extortion
1370:Slater,
402:Painters
381:embezzle
363:gangster
253:Governor
141:kickback
91:Children
62:Illinois
1259:Kelly,
1042:Biles,
787:Fitch,
472:led by
411:member
372:trial.
339:butlers
293:British
282:English
195:mobster
183:Chicago
129:bribery
58:Chicago
2315:
2252:
2077:
1937:
1860:
1832:
523:Boston
466:raided
165:, the
83:Spouse
1819:Time.
1374:2004.
1263:2000.
1095:2001.
1079:1959.
1061:Time,
1050:1997.
791:2006.
606:Notes
553:Death
512:Mayor
335:maids
121:union
117:graft
2313:ISBN
2250:ISBN
2075:ISBN
1935:ISBN
1858:ISBN
1830:ISBN
544:and
337:and
191:gang
44:Died
29:Born
249:GOP
213:).
2449::
1680:^
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906:^
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767:^
749:^
731:^
713:^
659:^
637:^
613:^
591:.
568:,
564:,
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400:,
330:.
298:.
258:.
173:.
155:.
131:,
60:,
52:)
48:(
37:)
33:(
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