Cornelius Shea - Knowledge

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heard Driscoll testify that he had taken at least $ 10,000 in bribes from Thorne and other executives to force the unions out on strike. Driscoll also alleged that the Teamsters and other unions had demanded and received bribes to end the strike, and that Driscoll had skimmed portions of these bribes into his own pocket. $ 50,000 in cancelled checks were produced in court to support his claims. Driscoll's accusations unleashed a flood of allegations and counter-allegations by other witnesses. Shea and Albert Young accused several employers of offering bribes to strike their business competitors, and submitted evidence of previous bribes which the Teamster leaders had accepted. Thorne and the other employers countered that Shea and other union leaders had asked for bribes ranging from $ 20,000 to $ 50,000 to call off the current strike. On June 3, the grand jury returned bribery and conspiracy indictments against Shea and 19 other union leaders, but none against the employers.

650:, and Shea defended Rooney in court in regard to the charge (which was dismissed). In May 1917, the saloon's license was revoked when Chicago officials learned that Shea actually managed the saloon and may have invested in it in violation of the terms of his parole. On May 29, Shea was arrested for complicity in a payroll robbery after the alleged thieves used his saloon as a hideout. Shea was released and not charged. In June 1919, Chicago police suspected Shea of involvement in a bank robbery. While searching for Shea's automobile, the vehicle was blown up on June 4. Police did not arrest or indict Shea in connection with either event. Shea later became an officer in an automobile dealership. The dealership entered involuntary bankruptcy in 1920, and investors in the company accused Shea of fraud. Once again, no arrest or conviction was made. In November 1922, Chicago police alleged that Shea led an auto theft ring, but no arrest was made. 612: 574:, president of Local 25 in Boston and president of the Teamsters' Joint District Council. The election turned on the question of whether the remaining Chicago locals and all the New York City locals would bolt the union if Shea were re-elected. By a vote of 94 to 104, the delegates believed they would, and so elected Tobin the new president of the union. Shea's supporters won only three of the seven slots on the executive board, as well as the offices of secretary-treasurer and auditor. Tobin candidates won seven of the eight other offices (which included two of the three union trustees and all AFL delegate positions). Shea announced his full support for Tobin's presidency, and left office on October 1, 1907. 506:. Initially, Young appeared to have enough delegates to unseat Shea. But Shea made a dramatic speech on the convention floor in which he said his defeat would ensure his conviction in his upcoming conspiracy trials and enable the union's foes to destroy the Teamsters. Shea also pledged that, if acquitted, he would resign the presidency in favor of a unity candidate. In a series of test votes over procedural and policy issues, it became apparent that Shea's speech had turned the tide and he now held a better than two-to-one edge in votes. After the test votes, 50 delegates followed Young out of the convention hall on August 9 to form their own organization, the United Teamsters of America (UTA). 340:

4,000 strikers and their supporters rioted for two hours outside the Chicago stockyards, causing numerous injuries. Some local Teamster leaders tried to lead the ice and market wagon drivers back out on strike, but Shea denounced them and successfully appealed to the drivers to stay on the job. To keep union members in line, however, Shea reiterated his pledge that no meat butchered after the start of the strike would be hauled. Meat wagons, which had started rolling through the city again two weeks earlier, now remained in the barns. Despite this, the strike collapsed on September 6, 1904, when the Amalgamated Meat Cutters went back to work without a contract.

312:. Shea attempted to stop sympathy strikes by other Teamster locals in the city but failed. However, three Teamster locals in the city—the truck, ice wagon, and coal wagon drivers, which together represented about half the Teamster membership in Chicago—refused to violate their contracts and walk off the job. The three locals went even further, and disaffiliated from the Teamsters Joint Council of Chicago. Furious, Shea called them "cowards and traitors". His outburst only angered his opponents in the union. In mid-December, Shea was confronted in his office by Teamster leader who shot at him four times and forced him to dance a 336:. With meatpacking plants operating at about 40 percent of capacity, the strike began to falter. On August 8, Shea ordered the ice wagon and market drivers to strike in support of the butcher workmen. The hope was that, with no refrigeration and delivery slowed, the meat would spoil and the packers would be forced to come to the bargaining table. On the afternoon of August 9, riots occurred throughout the afternoon and evening in Chicago, and a number of strikers and strikebreakers were assaulted or wounded by gunfire. 378:(EA), an anti-union group, mustered its substantial resources to break the Teamsters' strike. The EA collected $ 250,000 (about $ 6.2 million in 2007 dollars) from its members to hire strikebreakers. The EA also raised $ 1 million (about $ 25 million in 2007 dollars) to establish the Employers' Teaming Association—a new company which, within a matter of weeks, bought out a large number of team owners and imported hundreds of African American strikebreakers from St. Louis to work as teamsters. 654:

extortion rackets on Murphy's behalf. Shea organized the "Chicago Saloon Keepers' Local 1," a union which existed only on paper, and acted as the union's business agent as a means of seeking bribes from saloonkeepers. On June 10, 1918, Shea was arrested for allegedly demanding bribes from scrap and junk dealers in exchange for not calling strikes against their businesses. He was tried in February 1919, but acquitted. In 1921, Shea became a staff representative with a Chicago junk dealers' union and

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the strike's peace talks, reaffirming support for the strike, and praising Shea's handling of the strike. Although negotiations for a tailors' contract were nearly complete, Shea withdrew his negotiators and repudiated the tentative agreements which had been reached. Shea was arrested again on June 5, this time for failing to pay bond regarding the June 3 conspiracy indictment.

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25, 1904, the packinghouse drivers asked the international Teamsters union to sanction a strike. On July 26, Shea agreed to let them walk out the next day, declaring that the walkout was not a sympathy strike but "It is, therefore, to protect ourselves" and prevent the packers from breaking the union. The meatpackers, however, brought in several thousand African American

259:, broke from the TDIU and formed the Teamsters National Union. The new union permitted only employees, teamster helpers, and owner-operators owning only a single team to join, unlike the TDIU (which permitted large employers to be members), and was very aggressive in advocating higher wages and shorter hours. Claiming more than 28,000 members in 47 locals, its president, 479:, and—in exchange for a large bribe—secretly supported Shea. Furman deserted the anti-Shea forces in the balloting, voting publicly for Shea. Furman's defection in the very election for which he was a candidate threw the election to Shea. Turley was defeated for re-election as well, and members of Shea's slate won every office on the international union executive board. 665:. Shea allegedly used his union office to extort money from theater owners in exchange for refusing to call strikes against their businesses. As "Big Tim" Murphy moved to take over the Chicago Building and Trades Alliance, a key coalition of building trade unions in the city, Shea became Murphy's chief criminal deputy on union matters. 451:

later, the Teamsters' Chicago Joint Council called the strike a "dead issue" and "unimportant." The following day, Shea was excoriated by the international union's executive board for his behavior, and the local strike committee was disbanded as the union sought a way to end the strike and save face at the same time.

271:, president of the TDIU, accused Shea of embezzlement in an attempt to prevent his election. Despite surprisingly little lack of support from the Boston locals, Shea won election on August 8, 1903, by a vote of 605 to 480. Edward L. Turley of Chicago was elected secretary-treasurer and Albert Young general organizer. 471:, in August. Shea was supported by about half the 200 delegates from locals outside Chicago, with the remaining delegates split among two other reform candidates. Although the 325-member convention was dominated by the 125-member Chicago delegation, the Chicagoans appeared split between Young and Shea. 598:

after being hired by a Teamsters local there to help run a strike. He was quickly elected the local's secretary-treasurer. Shea was arrested on April 29, 1909, in connection with a fistfight which occurred during the strike, but was released. Shea's Chicago mistress, Alice Walsh, followed him to New

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Despite Shea's legal successes, he lost control of the Teamsters union. Shea initially attempted to assert his power by replacing and blacklisting his opponents within the union as he had done before. But at a closed-door meeting of the union's executive board, the board expressed its anger that Shea

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against Cornelius Shea. The following day, Young alleged that he, Shea and three others had each received a $ 300 bribe from the tailors' union in order to call the April 6 sympathy strike against Montgomery Ward. Over the next few days, Young and other witnesses also testified that Shea had ordered

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After these developments, talks to end the strike began. Agreement was reached on a wide range of issues between May 24 and June 2. But despite threats by Shea to call 8,000 truck drivers out on strike, clothing stores unaffiliated with the EA refused to break ranks and settle with the Teamsters and

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Cornelius Shea's second conspiracy trial began on February 1, 1907. In comparison to the 119-day first trial, the second trial ended in just 19 days. Shea's defense team was so confident of acquittal that they waived final arguments before the jury. The defense team's confidence was not misplaced:

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Although the bribery accusations undercut both sides, public support for the unions suffered most. While nearly every union continued to support the strike publicly, nearly all of them sent their members back to work by the end of June. The Teamsters officially continued to support the strike, but

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for making in-court accusations of bribery. The arrest infuriated Shea. Late that evening, having made bail, he convened an emergency meeting of the Teamster executive board. Ensuring that primarily his supporters attended the meeting, Shea pushed through several resolutions calling for an end to

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to restrain trade, commit violence, and prevent citizens from obtaining work. Shea refused to appear in court to provide pre-trial testimony regarding the April 29 indictment. When threatened with jail for contempt of court, he finally appeared but answered all questions with variations of "I don't

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As the strike collapsed, Shea rushed to Chicago from Indianapolis. He ordered the ice wagon drivers back to work on August 10, and announced that Teamster drivers would deliver any meat butchered prior to the strike. Large amounts of meat began to move through the city on August 13. On August 18,

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In 1917, Shea re-entered the labor relations field. "Big Tim" Murphy, who controlled a number of large Chicago-area unions and was the president of the Gas Workers' Union, made Shea his chief assistant in his extortion rackets. Shea allegedly conducted a wide range of labor racketeering and labor

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working in the meatpacking industry in Chicago walked off the job to win higher wages. The contract for the packinghouse drivers belonging to the Teamsters union had expired on June 1, 1904, and the ongoing strike by the butcher workmen led the drivers to fear for their own contract talks. On July

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Shea's election as the first Teamster president was a tumultuous one. Shea effectively controlled the convention because the Chicago locals—representing nearly half the IBT's membership—were united in their support for his candidacy. Shea was opposed by John Sheridan, president of the Ice Drivers'

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Driscoll's allegations were not unsurprising. Each side knew the other was taking bribes early in the strike. Charges of bribery were levied against the leaders of the strike as early as April 16, but were generally ignored. The unions levied their own accusations of bribery against the employers

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In June 1908, Chicago police sought to arrest Shea on charges of mail fraud, but could not locate him. In July, Shea was arrested in Boston and tried for abandoning his wife and two young children. He was convicted on July 23, and sentenced to six months in prison. Although Shea appeared to have

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locked the remaining workers out. Sympathy strikes by tailors' and other unions quickly broke out. By April, 5,000 workers were on the picket line in front of the 26 local companies represented by the National Tailors' Association (an employer group). The Teamsters engaged in a sympathy strike on

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Little is known about Shea's life between 1884 and 1894. But at the age of 22, Shea married 19-year-old Mary "Minnie" Lyons, the daughter of Irish immigrants Patrick and Margaret (Reagan) Lyons. The Sheas married in Cambridge on May 27, 1895. The couple had five children. The three sons did not

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Shea's defense focused on his efforts to end the strike. His attorneys argued that if Shea had taken bribes to lead the Teamsters out on strike, he would not have sought to end the strike in good faith. But, they argued, Shea had very strenuously sought an end to the labor dispute several times.

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Over the next month, the Shea and Young factions battled for control of various Teamster locals. In late August, Shea ordered all Teamster locals to hold meetings to vote on whether they wished to remain with the IBT or go with the secessionist UTA. Shea sent representatives to each local union

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On June 12, Chicago newspapers revealed that Shea was living in a local brothel called the Kentucky Home, and kept a 19-year-old waitress (Alice P. Walsh) as a mistress. The allegations of womanizing and partying during the strike further eroded public support for the picketing workers. Two days

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The strike ended not through the efforts of the EA or the unions, but due to allegations of graft made by team owner John C. Driscoll. At the time, Driscoll was secretary of the Team Owners' Association, the employer group which had locked out the Teamsters after April 6. On June 2, a grand jury

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O'Banion's murder by members of the Chicago Outfit in November 1924 sparked a major gang war in the city. Public opinion finally turned against the gangs, and the number of bombings in Chicago declined dramatically as extortionists sought more subtle means of intimidating victims. Alterie left

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Mayor Dunne, seeking to have him testify to the many "peace conferences" at which Shea had tried to end the strike. Roosevelt acceded to Shea's request, and sent a transcript of the meeting to the court. The plan to have Mayor Dunne testify, however, was ruled out of order by the court. Shea's

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Shea spent the fall of 1905 and the winter of 1906 solidifying his control over the Teamsters. Shea accused a number of local presidents—all of whom had opposed him in the August 1905 election—with financial malfeasance. He trusted their locals and placed his own supporters in charge of these

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since 1887. In November 1898, the AFL organized the Team Drivers' International Union (TDIU). In 1900, Shea helped organize TDIU Local 191 in Boston. He was elected the local's business agent in 1901, and president of the newly organized Boston Team Drivers' Joint Council in 1902. He was also

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Another 25,000 Teamsters walked off the job in a sympathy strike on April 25, 1905, paralyzing grocery stores, warehouses, railway shippers, department stores and coal companies. The EA and its members then sued nearly every union involved in the strike. Local and state courts issued numerous

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Chicago for Colorado (and safety), leaving Shea in charge of the Theatrical Janitors' Union. Unwilling to take sides in the gang war, Shea continued to work as secretary-treasurer and business agent for the union and engaged in low-level extortion for the next five years.

263:, applied for membership in the AFL. The AFL asked the TDIU to merge with Young's union to form a new, AFL-affiliated union. The two groups did so in 1903, creating the International Brotherhood of Teamsters (IBT). Shea was elected the new union's first president. 538:

Shea's lawyers specifically pointed to the May 10 meeting with President Roosevelt, and Shea himself wrote to the president asking Roosevelt to write a letter to the court documenting Shea's good faith effort to end the strike. Shea's defense team also

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As the strike continued, Shea's handling of the dispute came under fire from the executive board of the international Teamsters union. On May 27, the board removed Shea from day-to-day control of the strike and transferred that authority to itself.

658:' union. During a stationary engineers' strike which began in November 1920, a number of laundries and other businesses were bombed. Shea was accused of providing the explosives and setting some bombs himself, but no charges were ever brought. 474:

Shea won re-election on August 12, 1905, by a vote of 129 to 121. Young never emerged as a viable candidate. Instead, Daniel Furman of Chicago ran against Shea, supported by Young and Secretary-Treasurer Edward Turley. But Furman was a

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Opposition to Shea's re-election as president of the Teamsters appeared in early June 1905. Albert Young announced that Shea had mismanaged the Chicago sympathy strike and that he would run for president at the union's convention in

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as he passed through Chicago. Roosevelt refused to mediate an end to the strike, denounced the use of strike violence, and warned the labor leaders to settle the dispute quickly before federal military intervention was needed.

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and the court agreed to withdraw the indictments. A new indictment was returned against Shea and the others in August (Shea was re-indicted on August 2, 1922), but this second indictment was withdrawn by the state as well.

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York and moved into his apartment. On May 21, a drunken Shea brutally slashed and stabbed Walsh 27 times in their apartment. Shea was arrested and convicted of attempted murder, and sentenced on July 23 to 5 to 25 years in

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various divisions of the union also went back to work in June and July. By August 1, 1905, the strike was over and the employers ended the lockout. Nearly half the Teamsters in Chicago never regained their jobs.

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The press would later refuse to use his full name, calling him instead by the nickname "Con" to emphasize his alleged crimes. Many scholars and historians still do not employ his full name in books or papers.

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was called to Chicago to help prevent the breach, but his mediation efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful. Shea was re-elected president of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters by a vote of 157 to 14.

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meeting to lobby for continued affiliation. This effort was largely successful, holding disaffiliations to only about half the 30 locals in Chicago and a handful of other others scattered across the nation.

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gang, and was allegedly involved in a number of crimes. His main jobs were labor racketeering and extortion bombing, and he was well known as bomb terrorist. His cover was working as a bartender at the

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for Shea's first trial stemming from the 1905 Chicago strike began on September 13, 1906. Selection of the jury took 66 days, and 3,920 potential jurors were interviewed before a jury could be seated.

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In 1903, Chicago was one of the most unionized cities in the world. Nearly 243,000 Chicagoans belonged to unions, about a quarter of the workforce. One-third of these worked in a single industry (

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The 1906 Teamster international convention opened in Chicago on August 6, 1906. Fistfights erupted among the delegates, and the Chicago police were called to quell what nearly turned into a

347:. Under his leadership, the union had expanded to 821 locals in 300 cities, and the union's membership stood near 50,000 members (making it one of the largest unions in the United States). 304:

But Shea was not an advocate of sympathy strikes, not even when they meant one unit of Teamsters would be supporting another unit of Teamsters. In November 1903, Teamsters employed by the

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Murphy was convicted and imprisoned shortly thereafter for a daring, daylight armed robbery of a mail train. Shea, however, continued his career as an extortionist and bomber. He joined

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Sheridan and Innes alleged that Shea had billed locals in Massachusetts $ 9.61 for services while charging the national union $ 19.44 for the same services. "Drivers Bolt Meeting,"

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Some time between 1917 and 1921, Shea became the secretary-treasurer and business agent for the Theatrical Janitors' Union. The union had been formed by mobster and labor racketeer

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On April 29, 12 prominent labor leaders in Chicago—including Shea; Charles Dold, president of the Chicago Federation of Labor; and 10 local Teamster presidents—were indicted by a

39: 268: 260: 622:, John Miller, and Cornelius Shea, during their murder trial in Chicago, Illinois, in 1922. DN-0003451, Chicago Daily News negatives collection, Chicago Historical Society. 3065: 207:

many times, he usually escaped conviction. After a short prison term for attempted murder removed him from union affairs, Shea was appointed secretary-treasurer of the

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The final 15 years of Cornelius Shea's life were spent in Chicago, where he associated with gangsters, rose in the ranks of at least one gang, and engaged in labor

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On December 15, 1904, 19 clothing cutters at Montgomery Ward went on strike to protest the company's use of nonunion subcontractors. Montgomery Ward vice president

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An outraged Albert Young threatened to lead a majority of the Teamsters in Chicago, New York City and San Francisco out of the union to form a rival organization.

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had not resigned as promised after the conclusion of his two trials. Subsequently, nearly all of Shea's backers withdrew their support for his presidency.

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On January 19, 1907, the jury in Shea's first conspiracy trial announced it was hopelessly deadlocked. The judge ruled that the trial had ended in a

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After two weeks of legal maneuvers, the trial began on November 30 with a major bombshell: Albert Young had pleaded guilty to conspiracy and

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In July 1906, Albert Young, still the Teamsters' general organizer, announced he would run against Shea at the union's convention in August.

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and collected garbage for a living. Shea attended public elementary school, then dropped out after the sixth grade to work for his father.

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Cornelius Shea died on January 12, 1929, at Norwegian-American Hospital in Chicago from complications following an operation to remove

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the beating of non-union drivers and strikebreakers and personally told picketers to throw acid at horses and non-union team drivers.

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In the midst of the strife in Chicago, Cornelius Shea was re-elected by acclamation on August 8, 1904, at the Teamsters convention in

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Ironically, Tobin was Shea's successor at the Joint District Council as he was Shea's successor at the international Teamsters union.

672:, and five other labor leaders were arrested and charged with the murder of a Chicago police officer. On May 24, the state asked for 543:

defense team also called the head of the tailors' union, who strenuously denied that he had ever bribed or attempted to bribe Shea.

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Shea was confronted by a crisis within the union in late 1903, a crisis which centered on the union's membership based in Chicago.

278:, where the Teamsters had their headquarters. But daughter Margaret fell ill in Indianapolis, and Mary Shea moved the family to 3027: 301:

by the Teamsters could paralyze the movement of goods throughout the city and bring a strike into nearly every neighborhood.

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and an EA member, convinced the railroads to pressure the remaining team owners to lock out their Teamster members as well.

696:. But Shea worked both sides of the organized crime fence, however. In 1924, he appeared at a testimonial dinner for 2969: 2836: 2745: 2507: 2493: 2374: 2325: 2206: 2136: 2115: 361: 65: 591:

income, his wife testified that she had already sold all her belongings and that her children were near starvation.

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Witwer, David. "The Scandal of George Scalise: A Case Study in the Rise of Labor Racketeering in the 1930s."

646:. His co-employee was William Rooney, an ex-"slugger" for the Teamsters. Rooney was tried in April 1917 for 633:

In the summer of 1916, in violation of his parole, Shea left New York State and moved to Chicago. He joined

2946:"200 Labor Chiefs Arrested in Chicago After Two Policemen Are Shot Dead And Industrial Plants Are Bombed." 2013:"200 Labor Chiefs Arrested in Chicago After Two Policemen Are Shot Dead And Industrial Plants Are Bombed," 244: 397: 389:

On April 16, anonymous charges of graft against Shea and other strike leaders were filed with office of

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Witwer, "The Scandal of George Scalise: A Case Study in the Rise of Labor Racketeering in the 1930s,"

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The Fall of the House of Labor: The Workplace, the State, and American Labor Activism, 1865–1925.

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The Fall of the House of Labor: The Workplace, the State, and American Labor Activism, 1865–1925,

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may contain an excessive amount of intricate detail that may interest only a particular audience

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elected a delegate to the Boston Central Labor Council and the local building trades alliance.

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The Racketeer's Progress: Chicago and the Struggle for the Modern American Economy, 1900–1940.

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At the Teamsters' international convention in Boston in August 1907, Shea lost re-election to

294: 275: 227:, on September 27, 1872, to James and Mary Shea, Irish immigrants. His father owned his own 3075: 3070: 305: 3010:"The First Teamsters: Building a Union." International Brotherhood of Teamsters. No date. 8: 655: 594:

After his release from prison, Shea abandoned his family. In January 1909, he moved to

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The evening of June 3, Thorne swore out arrest warrants for Shea on charges of criminal

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Down on the Killing Floor: Black and White Workers in Chicago's Packinghouses, 1904–54.

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Down on the Killing Floor: Black and White Workers in Chicago's Packinghouses, 1904–54,

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injunctions against the unions, ordering them to stop picketing and return to work.

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The Racketeer's Progress: Chicago and the Struggle for the Modern American Economy,

701: 390: 367: 344: 603:. Shea was released from prison in September 1914 and given two years' probation. 396:(who had been inaugurated only days earlier). Shea and the executive board of the 3037: 697: 571: 298: 192: 1222:

Secretary was the title of the highest officer in the Team Owners' Association.

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Work and Community in the Jungle: Chicago's Packing-House Workers, 1894–1922.

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The union was also sometimes called the Theater and Building Janitors' Union.

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Work and Community in the Jungle: Chicago's Packing-House Workers, 1894–1922,

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any relevant information, and removing excessive detail that may be against

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May 11, 1922; "Labor Chiefs Seized in Effort to End Murders by Gangsters,"

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May 12, 1922; "Eight Labor Chiefs Indicted In Chicago To Block Release,"

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during legal hearings on May 12. See: "Mayor Has Hope of Ending Strike,"

669: 383: 228: 199:, holding the position from 1903 until 1907. He became involved with the 188: 2379:"History of Great Teamsters' Strike Filled with Sensational Incidents." 1136:"History of Great Teamsters' Strike Filled with Sensational Incidents," 684:, a group of bomb terrorists which had emerged from the remnants of the 619: 408: 204: 717: 689: 600: 560: 547: 523: 235:

survive infancy, but the two daughters (Margaret and Genevieve) did.

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The Gangs of Chicago: An Informal History of the Chicago Underworld.

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May 12, 1922; "Raid Bomb Factory in Chicago's War On Labor Terror,"

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The Gangs of Chicago: An Informal History of the Chicago Underworld,

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On July 1, Shea was indicted a third time on charges of conspiracy.

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January 13, 1929; "Cornelius Shea, Teamster Czar in Strike, Dies,"

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June 10, 1922; "Shea, Member of 'Big 3,' And Two Others Get Bail,"

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Sweeney had himself been imprisoned in 1921, and what remained of

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Personal issues dominated Cornelius Shea's life in 1908 and 1909.

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April 6, 1905, adding another 10,000 members to the picket lines.

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December 4, 1906; "Threw Vitriol At Teams, Says Chicago Picket,"

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June 13, 1922; "'Big 3' Denied Separate Trials On Terror Plot,"

1926:; June 11, 1918; "Business Men Testify Against Shea and Aids," 2652:"Shea, Head of the Teamsters, Has Risen From A Tip-Cart Man." 753:"Shea, Head of the Teamsters, Has Risen From A Tip-Cart Man," 2421:"Labor Chiefs Seized in Effort to End Murders by Gangsters." 1638:

December 1, 1906; "Chicago Strike Graft Described By Young,"

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Margaret and Genevieve (three sons did not survive infancy)

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May 21, 1921; "Think Prisoners Are Union Strike Bombers,"

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Hardback reprint. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1957.

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June 5, 1905; "Shea Is Locked Up For Two Hours In Cell,"

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Presidents of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters

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July 24, 1909; "C.P. Shea, Stabber, Sent to Sing Sing,"

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August 25, 1906; Rigg, "The Chicago Teamsters' Unions,"

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On May 10, Dold, Shea and other strike leaders met with

187:(September 7, 1872 – January 12, 1929) was an American 2533:"Raid Bomb Factory in Chicago's War On Labor Terror." 2037:

May 15, 1922; "'Big 3' of Chicago Labor To Be Tried,"

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December 7, 1906; "Say 'Czar' Shea Earned His Title,"

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Champaign, Ill.: University of Illinois Press, 2003.

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Champaign, Ill.: University of Illinois Press, 1997.

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Champaign, Ill.: University of Illinois Press, 1990.

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August 8, 1906; "Teamsters' Union Fight Gets Worse,"

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The jury took just two hours to return a verdict of "

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May 13, 1922; "Get New Evidence On Labor Bombings,"

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December 11, 1906; "Shea Begs Help From Roosevelt,"

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December 6, 1906; "Tells Crimes of Wrecking Crews,"

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1904 also proved to be a troublesome year for Shea.

2211:"'Con' Shea Heads Auto Theft Ring, Police Allege." 1909:"'Con' Shea Heads Auto Theft Ring, Police Allege," 1289:June 2, 1905; "Strikers' Price Fixed at $ 50,000," 916:November 25, 1903; "Labor's Leader Made to Dance," 3066:American trade union officials convicted of crimes 2021:May 11, 1922; "Rush To Indict Chicago Laborites," 1457:June 15, 1905; "Shea, In Power, 'Seeing Things'," 1232: 1230: 1228: 1104:April 28, 1905; "Big Strike Has Small Beginning," 2540:Rigg, Sterling. "The Chicago Teamsters' Unions." 2386:"Hunt 'Con' Shea To Clear Death Auto Explosion." 2253:"Cornelius Shea, Teamster Czar in Strike, Dies." 2148:"'Big 3' Denied Separate Trials On Terror Plot." 1883:"Hunt 'Con' Shea To Clear Death Auto Explosion," 1355:June 4, 1905; "Sues and Arrests Shea and Young," 3047: 2456:"Mayor Revokes License of 'Con Shea's Saloon'." 1870:"Mayor Revokes License of 'Con Shea's Saloon'," 1285:June 2, 1905; "Tells of Bribery Behind Strike," 1264: 1262: 2925:"Threw Vitriol At Teams, Says Chicago Picket." 2488:New York: University of Cambridge Press, 1987. 2218:"'Con' Shea In Law's Toils As An Extortioner." 1922:"'Con' Shea In Law's Toils As An Extortioner," 1729:February 22, 1907; "'Czar' Shea Is Acquitted," 1225: 1196:May 11, 1905; "Shea Begs Help From Roosevelt," 1179:May 24, 1905; "Strike Leaders Defy the Court," 963: 961: 582: 2225:"'Con' Shea Surrenders to Face Fraud Charge." 2162:"Business Men Testify Against Shea and Aids." 2049:June 18, 1922; Kinsley, "Trial Nears Climax," 1896:"'Con' Shea Surrenders to Face Fraud Charge," 1801:July 24, 1909; "Shea to Serve 5 to 25 Years," 1658:December 6, 1906; "Did Labor Body Aid Shea?", 1587:August 10, 1906; "Form New Teamsters' Union," 1320:April 17, 1905, and "Legal Tilt Over Strike," 195:figure. He was the founding president of the 2962:Corruption and Reform in the Teamsters Union. 2778:"Strike Parleys Over, Chicago Troops Ready." 2320:Cambridge, Mass.: Perseus Books Group, 2006. 1805:July 24, 1909; "Dave & the Green Stuff," 1683:December 11, 1906; "Roosevelt Obliges Shea," 1646:December 2, 1906; "Tells of Union Slugging," 1429:Corruption and Reform in the Teamsters Union, 1384: 1382: 1334: 1332: 1330: 1259: 1175:"Strike Parleys Over, Chicago Troops Ready," 945: 835: 833: 553: 485: 350: 319: 285: 2911:"Think Prisoners Are Union Strike Bombers." 2554:"Rooney and Shea Deny Ownership of Saloon." 2201:New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 1821:"Rooney and Shea Deny Ownership of Saloon," 1583:August 10, 1906; "Teamsters Re-Elect Shea," 1575:August 7, 1906; "Shea Controls Convention," 1096: 1094: 1092: 1090: 958: 869: 867: 355: 2715:"Shea Under Arrest for Strike Conspiracy." 2680:"Shea, Strike Leader, Arrested for Libel." 2666:"Shea Is Locked Up For Two Hours In Cell." 2295:"Ex-Teamster Chief Tells of Murder Juror." 2239:"Confession of Bomber Tells of Two Gangs." 2176:"Chicago Strike Graft Described By Young." 1943:"Confession of Bomber Tells of Two Gangs," 1854:"Ex-Teamster Chief Tells of Murder Juror," 1486: 1484: 1368:"Shea Under Arrest for Strike Conspiracy," 1351:"Shea, Strike Leader, Arrested for Libel," 2939:"Twelve Labor Heads Indicted in Chicago." 2183:"Chicago Strike Leads to 49 Indictments." 1604:August 23, 1906; "Shea to Test Strength," 1554: 1552: 1379: 1327: 1248: 1246: 1236:"Chicago Strike Leads to 49 Indictments," 1162:"Twelve Labor Heads Indicted in Chicago," 1132: 1130: 1128: 1126: 1124: 1122: 1120: 1118: 930: 928: 926: 830: 282:, while Cornelius Shea stayed in Indiana. 3096:American trade unionists of Irish descent 2246:"Cornelius P. Shea, Labor Leader, Dead." 2169:"C.P. Shea, Stabber, Sent to Sing Sing." 2079:"Cornelius P. Shea, Labor Leader, Dead," 1996: 1994: 1992: 1817: 1815: 1087: 864: 238: 66:Learn how and when to remove this message 2155:"'Big 3' of Chicago Labor To Be Tried." 1866: 1864: 1776: 1774: 1695: 1693: 1481: 1108:May 20, 1905; "To Test Union Sympathy," 1076: 1074: 1072: 1070: 1068: 1066: 1064: 1062: 1048: 1046: 1044: 1042: 1040: 1038: 1036: 1034: 1032: 853: 851: 849: 803: 801: 799: 797: 783: 781: 767: 765: 763: 610: 327:On July 12, 1904, 18,000 members of the 2568:"Roosevelt Rebukes Leaders of Strike." 2414:Kinsley, Philip. "Trial Nears Climax." 2110:New York: Thunder's Mouth Press, 2002. 1837: 1835: 1833: 1831: 1549: 1243: 1192:"Roosevelt Rebukes Leaders of Strike," 1115: 923: 490: 400:dismissed the allegations out of hand. 3048: 2829:The A.F. of L. in the Time of Gompers. 2500:World Encyclopedia of Organized Crime. 2351:"Get New Evidence On Labor Bombings." 1989: 1954: 1930:February 11, 1919; "Free 'Con' Shea," 1843:World Encyclopedia of Organized Crime, 1812: 1156: 1005: 1003: 825:The A.F. of L. in the Time of Gompers, 819: 817: 749: 747: 745: 743: 741: 577: 247:(AFL) had helped form local unions of 197:International Brotherhood of Teamsters 2876:"Teamsters' Union Fight Gets Worse." 2813:"Strikers' Price Fixed at $ 50,000." 2407:"Jury In Deadlock In the Shea Case." 1861: 1771: 1712:"Jury In Deadlock In the Shea Case," 1690: 1059: 1029: 846: 794: 778: 760: 606: 461: 2848:"Teamsters Begin Open War On Shea." 2582:"Say 'Czar' Shea Earned His Title." 2575:"Rush To Indict Chicago Laborites." 2358:"Gigantic Strike Is In Full Swing." 1828: 1642:December 2, 1906; "Young Opens Up," 1470:"Teamsters Begin Open War On Shea," 1100:"Gigantic Strike Is In Full Swing," 18: 3091:American gangsters of Irish descent 2820:"Sues and Arrests Shea and Young." 2771:"Strike of 8,000 Depends on Vote." 2740:Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1991. 2659:"Shea, In Power, 'Seeing Things'." 2477:"Mob of 4,000 Men Charges Police." 2449:"Mayor Has Hope of Ending Strike." 2309:"Fight Ushers In Shea Convention." 2120:"Balks Shea Plan For Dunne's Aid." 2099:"Anti-Shea Crowd Charge Trickery." 1699:"Balks Shea Plan For Dunne's Aid," 1571:"Fight Ushers In Shea Convention," 1490:"Anti-Shea Crowd Charge Trickery," 1388:"Strike of 8,000 Depends on Vote," 1149:"Mayor Has Hope of Ending Strike." 1009:"Mob of 4,000 Men Charges Police," 1000: 814: 738: 13: 3056:Trade unionists from Massachusetts 2904:"Terms of Peace Wrecked by Shea." 2890:"Tells of Bribery Behind Strike." 2883:"Tells Crimes of Wrecking Crews." 2869:"Teamsters Split Over Contracts." 2806:"Strike Treated As 'Dead Issue'." 2617:"Shea Begins War of Retaliation." 2596:"Shea and Strike Growing Weaker." 2302:"Fight to Defeat Teamster Chief." 2141:"Big Strike Has Small Beginning." 1742:"Shea Begins War of Retaliation," 1542:"Fight to Defeat Teamster Chief," 1440:"Strike Treated As 'Dead Issue'," 1338:"Terms of Peace Wrecked by Shea," 1209:"Shea and Strike Growing Weaker," 912:"Teamsters Split Over Contracts," 274:In 1903, Shea moved his family to 14: 3107: 3003: 2764:"Strike Leaders Defy the Court." 2757:"Stores Refuse to Settle Alone." 2729:"Signs of Peace Supersede Shea." 2624:"Shea Begs Help From Roosevelt." 2463:"Meat Supply in Drivers' Power." 1558:"Shea's Scepter About to Fall?", 1474:August 6, 1905; "Opposing Shea," 1401:"Stores Refuse to Settle Alone," 1022:"Meat Supply in Drivers' Power," 376:Employers' Association of Chicago 255:In 1901, a group of Teamsters in 2799:"Strike Spreads Among Drivers." 2722:"Shea's Scepter About to Fall?" 2470:"Meet in Secret to End Strike." 2428:"Labor's Leader Made to Dance." 2400:"Indicts Twenty Labor Leaders." 2344:"General Strike Now Threatens." 1302:"Indicts Twenty Labor Leaders," 1268:"General Strike Now Threatens," 993:"Meet in Secret to End Strike," 967:"Strike Spreads Among Drivers," 90: 23: 2694:"Shea to Serve 5 to 25 Years." 2435:"Lay Fraud to Cornelius Shea." 2073: 2056: 2007: 1976: 1967: 1937: 1916: 1903: 1890: 1877: 1848: 1787: 1764:"Lay Fraud to Cornelius Shea," 1758: 1749: 1736: 1719: 1706: 1669: 1628: 1615: 1594: 1565: 1536: 1523: 1510: 1497: 1464: 1447: 1434: 1421: 1408: 1395: 1362: 1345: 1309: 1296: 1275: 1216: 1203: 1186: 1169: 1143: 1016: 987: 974: 906: 893: 880: 267:Union of Chicago. Sheridan and 2981:"Women Betray Labor Leaders." 2918:"30,000 Drivers Will Secede." 2785:"Shea Sped to Cell By Court." 2502:Chicago: Da Capo Press, 1993. 2267:"Dave & the Green Stuff." 1793:"Shea Sped to Cell By Court," 1516:"30,000 Drivers Will Secede," 1414:"Women Betray Labor Leaders," 729: 668:On May 6, 1922, Shea, Murphy, 362:1905 Chicago Teamsters' strike 162:Mary "Minnie" Shea (nee Lyons) 1: 2953:"Union Split, Heads Broken." 2603:"Shea Asks President's Aid." 2542:Journal of Political Economy. 2330:"Form New Teamsters' Union." 2232:"Con P. Shea Stabs A Woman." 2093: 1780:"Con P. Shea Stabs A Woman," 1675:"Shea Asks President's Aid," 1610:Journal of Political Economy, 1600:"Union Split, Heads Broken," 218: 3012:Accessed September 22, 2007. 2645:"Shea Faces His Dismissal." 2638:"Shea Controls Convention." 2519:"Prison for Teamster Shea." 2260:"'Czar' Shea Is Acquitted." 1453:"Shea Faces His Dismissal," 787:"Prison for Teamster Shea," 583:Personal problems and prison 245:American Federation of Labor 48:Knowledge's inclusion policy 7: 2897:"Tells of Union Slugging." 2862:"Teamsters Re-Elect Shea." 2855:"Teamsters Re-Elect Shea." 2610:"Shea Beaten By 10 Votes." 2274:"Did Labor Body Aid Shea?" 1503:"Teamsters Re-Elect Shea," 771:"Shea Beaten By 10 Votes," 635:Timothy D. "Big Tim" Murphy 398:Chicago Federation of Labor 223:Cornelius Shea was born in 10: 3112: 2976:Journal of Social History. 2932:"To Test Union Sympathy." 2589:"Shea Acquitted By Jury." 2561:"Roosevelt Obliges Shea." 2442:"Legal Tilt Over Strike." 2393:"In Revolt Against Shea." 2190:"Clash With the Drivers." 1984:Journal of Social History, 1725:"Shea Acquitted By Jury," 1529:"In Revolt Against Shea," 704:, Capone's primary rival. 554:Teamsters presidency: 1907 486:Teamsters presidency: 1906 469:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 359: 351:Teamsters presidency: 1905 320:Teamsters presidency: 1904 286:Teamsters presidency: 1903 280:Charlestown, Massachusetts 213:Theatrical Janitors' Union 3034: 3024: 3018: 2841:"Teamsters Are For War." 2708:"Shea Trial Cost Heavy." 2701:"Shea to Test Strength." 2687:"Shea Tells of Bribery." 2526:"Project to End Strike." 1621:"Shea Trial Cost Heavy," 1281:"Shea Tells of Bribery," 1252:"Project to End Strike," 899:"Teamsters Are For War," 663:Louis "Three Gun" Alterie 356:Chicago Teamsters' strike 174: 166: 158: 150: 127: 98: 89: 82: 2281:"Drivers Bolt Meeting." 839:"Drivers Bolt Meeting," 723: 711: 518: 394:Edward Fitzsimmons Dunne 329:Amalgamated Meat Cutters 225:Cambridge, Massachusetts 688:gang, and did work for 531:turned state's evidence 3086:Gangsters from Chicago 2997:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2988:"Young Betrays Shea." 2983:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2955:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2934:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2920:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2906:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2892:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2885:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2878:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2871:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2850:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2843:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2822:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2815:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2808:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2801:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2794:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2787:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2773:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2766:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2759:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2752:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2731:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2724:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2710:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2703:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2675:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2668:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2661:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2647:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2626:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2619:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2598:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2584:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2556:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2549:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2528:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2521:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2479:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2472:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2465:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2458:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2451:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2444:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2437:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2430:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2423:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2416:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2409:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2402:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2395:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2388:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2381:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2360:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2346:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2339:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2311:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2304:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2297:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2283:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2276:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2262:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2255:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2241:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2234:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2227:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2220:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2213:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2197:Cohen, Andrew Wender. 2192:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2164:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2150:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2143:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2122:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2101:Chicago Daily Tribune. 2085:Chicago Daily Tribune, 2051:Chicago Daily Tribune, 2047:Chicago Daily Tribune, 2043:Chicago Daily Tribune, 2019:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1962:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1945:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1932:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1928:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1924:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1911:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1898:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1885:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1872:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1856:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1823:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1795:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1782:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1766:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1744:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1731:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1714:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1701:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1681:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1664:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1660:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1656:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1644:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1634:"Young Betrays Shea," 1623:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1606:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1602:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1581:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1573:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1560:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1544:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1531:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1518:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1492:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1472:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1459:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1455:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1442:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1416:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1403:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1390:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1374:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1357:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1340:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1322:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1318:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1304:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1291:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1287:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1270:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1254:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1211:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1198:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1181:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1151:Chicago Daily Tribune. 1138:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1110:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1106:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1102:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1024:Chicago Daily Tribune, 1011:Chicago Daily Tribune, 995:Chicago Daily Tribune, 982:Chicago Daily Tribune, 969:Chicago Daily Tribune, 953:Chicago Daily Tribune, 918:Chicago Daily Tribune, 914:Chicago Daily Tribune, 901:Chicago Daily Tribune, 888:Chicago Daily Tribune, 841:Chicago Daily Tribune, 789:Chicago Daily Tribune, 623: 447:the strike continued. 239:Early Teamsters career 203:, and although he was 3081:Gangsters from Boston 3028:Teamsters Union (IBT) 2544:34:1 (February 1926). 614: 276:Indianapolis, Indiana 16:American labor leader 2318:Solidarity for Sale. 1054:Solidarity for Sale, 656:stationary engineers 644:Halsted Street Hotel 306:Chicago City Railway 2978:36:4 (Summer 2003). 2696:Boston Daily Globe. 2654:Boston Daily Globe. 2633:Boston Daily Globe. 2612:Boston Daily Globe. 2514:Boston Daily Globe. 2484:Montgomery, David. 2337:"Free 'Con' Shea." 2066:were taken over by 1803:Boston Daily Globe, 1476:Boston Daily Globe, 859:Boston Daily Globe, 773:Boston Daily Globe, 755:Boston Daily Globe, 682:Sangerman's Bombers 578:Post-Teamsters life 178:James and Mary Shea 3021:Founding president 2995:"Young Opens Up." 2873:November 25, 1903. 2845:November 23, 1903. 2792:"Strike Spreads." 2736:Sloane, Arthur A. 2712:November 19, 1906. 2628:December 11, 1906. 2607:December 11, 1906. 2593:February 22, 1907. 2586:December 15, 1906. 2565:December 18, 1906. 2498:Nash, Jay Robert. 2467:September 2, 1904. 2432:December 18, 1903. 2341:February 18, 1919. 2264:February 22, 1907. 2229:November 10, 1920. 2215:November 21, 1922. 2194:November 22, 1903. 2166:February 11, 1919. 2127:Barrett, James R. 2124:December 29, 1906. 1934:February 18, 1919. 1913:November 21, 1922. 1900:November 10, 1920. 1733:February 22, 1907. 1703:December 29, 1906. 1687:December 18, 1906. 1666:December 15, 1906. 1625:November 19, 1906. 1200:December 11, 1906. 1026:September 2, 1904. 951:"Strike Spreads," 920:December 18, 1903. 903:November 23, 1903. 624: 607:Labor racketeering 491:Re-election battle 462:Re-election battle 424:Theodore Roosevelt 109:September 17, 1872 3044: 3043: 3035:Succeeded by 2999:December 2, 1906. 2992:December 1, 1906. 2929:December 6, 1906. 2901:December 4, 1906. 2887:December 6, 1906. 2656:December 2, 1906. 2512:"Opposing Shea." 2411:January 20, 1907. 2397:January 13, 1906. 2278:December 7, 1906. 2257:January 13, 1929. 2250:January 13, 1929. 2180:December 2, 1906. 2106:Asbury, Herbert. 2087:January 13, 1929. 2064:Sweeney's Bombers 1716:January 20, 1907. 1533:January 13, 1906. 757:December 2, 1906. 616:Timothy D. Murphy 411:on six counts of 257:Chicago, Illinois 185:Cornelius P. Shea 182: 181: 76: 75: 68: 3103: 3019:Preceded by 3016: 3015: 2957:August 23, 1906. 2922:August 15, 1905. 2880:August 10, 1906. 2866:August 10, 1906. 2859:August 13, 1905. 2705:August 25, 1906. 2614:August 10, 1907. 2551:August 10, 1904. 2481:August 19, 1904. 2474:August 14, 1904. 2334:August 11, 1906. 2222:. June 11, 1918. 2103:August 13, 1905. 2088: 2077: 2071: 2068:Joseph Sangerman 2060: 2054: 2011: 2005: 1998: 1987: 1980: 1974: 1971: 1965: 1958: 1952: 1941: 1935: 1920: 1914: 1907: 1901: 1894: 1888: 1881: 1875: 1868: 1859: 1852: 1846: 1839: 1826: 1819: 1810: 1791: 1785: 1778: 1769: 1762: 1756: 1753: 1747: 1740: 1734: 1723: 1717: 1710: 1704: 1697: 1688: 1673: 1667: 1632: 1626: 1619: 1613: 1598: 1592: 1591:August 11, 1906. 1569: 1563: 1556: 1547: 1540: 1534: 1527: 1521: 1520:August 15, 1905. 1514: 1508: 1507:August 13, 1905. 1501: 1495: 1494:August 13, 1905. 1488: 1479: 1468: 1462: 1451: 1445: 1438: 1432: 1425: 1419: 1412: 1406: 1399: 1393: 1386: 1377: 1366: 1360: 1349: 1343: 1336: 1325: 1313: 1307: 1300: 1294: 1279: 1273: 1266: 1257: 1250: 1241: 1234: 1223: 1220: 1214: 1207: 1201: 1190: 1184: 1173: 1167: 1160: 1154: 1147: 1141: 1134: 1113: 1098: 1085: 1084:1900–1940, 2004. 1078: 1057: 1050: 1027: 1020: 1014: 1013:August 19, 1904. 1007: 998: 997:August 14, 1904. 991: 985: 984:August 10, 1904. 978: 972: 965: 956: 949: 943: 932: 921: 910: 904: 897: 891: 884: 878: 871: 862: 855: 844: 837: 828: 821: 812: 805: 792: 785: 776: 775:August 10, 1907. 769: 758: 751: 736: 733: 368:Robert J. Thorne 345:Cincinnati, Ohio 316:before fleeing. 134: 131:January 12, 1929 108: 106: 94: 80: 79: 71: 64: 60: 57: 51: 27: 26: 19: 3111: 3110: 3106: 3105: 3104: 3102: 3101: 3100: 3046: 3045: 3040: 3038:Daniel J. Tobin 3031: 3022: 3006: 2990:New York Times. 2960:Witwer, David. 2948:New York Times. 2943:April 30, 1905. 2941:New York Times. 2927:New York Times. 2913:New York Times. 2899:New York Times. 2864:New York Times. 2857:New York Times. 2852:August 6, 1905. 2803:August 9, 1904. 2780:New York Times. 2726:March 22, 1907. 2717:New York Times. 2689:New York Times. 2682:New York Times. 2642:August 8, 1906. 2640:New York Times. 2635:August 9, 1903. 2631:"Shea Chosen." 2605:New York Times. 2591:New York Times. 2577:New York Times. 2570:New York Times. 2563:New York Times. 2535:New York Times. 2516:August 7, 1905. 2453:April 17, 1905. 2365:Halpern, Rick. 2362:April 28, 1905. 2353:New York Times. 2348:April 21, 1905. 2332:New York Times. 2316:Fitch, Robert. 2313:August 7, 1906. 2290:New York Times. 2285:August 9, 1903. 2248:New York Times. 2185:New York Times. 2178:New York Times. 2171:New York Times. 2157:New York Times. 2096: 2091: 2081:New York Times, 2078: 2074: 2061: 2057: 2039:New York Times, 2035:New York Times, 2031:New York Times, 2027:New York Times, 2023:New York Times, 2015:New York Times, 2012: 2008: 1999: 1990: 1981: 1977: 1972: 1968: 1959: 1955: 1949:New York Times, 1942: 1938: 1921: 1917: 1908: 1904: 1895: 1891: 1882: 1878: 1869: 1862: 1853: 1849: 1840: 1829: 1820: 1813: 1799:New York Times, 1792: 1788: 1779: 1772: 1763: 1759: 1754: 1750: 1741: 1737: 1727:New York Times, 1724: 1720: 1711: 1707: 1698: 1691: 1685:New York Times, 1677:New York Times, 1674: 1670: 1652:New York Times, 1648:New York Times, 1640:New York Times, 1636:New York Times, 1633: 1629: 1620: 1616: 1599: 1595: 1589:New York Times, 1585:New York Times, 1577:New York Times, 1570: 1566: 1562:March 22, 1907. 1557: 1550: 1541: 1537: 1528: 1524: 1515: 1511: 1505:New York Times, 1502: 1498: 1489: 1482: 1478:August 7, 1905. 1469: 1465: 1452: 1448: 1439: 1435: 1426: 1422: 1413: 1409: 1400: 1396: 1387: 1380: 1370:New York Times, 1367: 1363: 1353:New York Times, 1350: 1346: 1337: 1328: 1314: 1310: 1301: 1297: 1283:New York Times, 1280: 1276: 1272:April 21, 1905. 1267: 1260: 1251: 1244: 1238:New York Times, 1235: 1226: 1221: 1217: 1208: 1204: 1194:New York Times, 1191: 1187: 1177:New York Times, 1174: 1170: 1166:April 30, 1905. 1164:New York Times, 1161: 1157: 1153:April 17, 1905. 1148: 1144: 1135: 1116: 1099: 1088: 1079: 1060: 1051: 1030: 1021: 1017: 1008: 1001: 992: 988: 979: 975: 971:August 9, 1904. 966: 959: 950: 946: 938:1990; Halpern, 933: 924: 911: 907: 898: 894: 890:August 9, 1903. 885: 881: 872: 865: 861:August 9, 1903. 857:"Shea Chosen," 856: 847: 843:August 9, 1903. 838: 831: 822: 815: 806: 795: 786: 779: 770: 761: 752: 739: 734: 730: 726: 714: 698:North Side Gang 609: 585: 580: 572:Daniel J. Tobin 556: 521: 493: 488: 464: 382:, president of 364: 358: 353: 322: 299:sympathy strike 288: 241: 221: 193:organized crime 146: 136: 132: 123: 110: 104: 102: 85: 72: 61: 55: 52: 38:Please help by 37: 28: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3109: 3099: 3098: 3093: 3088: 3083: 3078: 3073: 3068: 3063: 3058: 3042: 3041: 3036: 3033: 3023: 3020: 3014: 3013: 3005: 3004:External links 3002: 3001: 3000: 2993: 2986: 2985:June 12, 1905. 2979: 2972: 2958: 2951: 2944: 2937: 2936:April 6, 1905. 2930: 2923: 2916: 2909: 2902: 2895: 2888: 2881: 2874: 2867: 2860: 2853: 2846: 2839: 2827:Taft, Philip. 2825: 2818: 2811: 2810:June 14, 1905. 2804: 2797: 2796:July 27, 1904. 2790: 2789:July 24, 1909. 2783: 2776: 2769: 2762: 2761:June 10, 1905. 2755: 2748: 2734: 2727: 2720: 2713: 2706: 2699: 2698:July 24, 1909. 2692: 2685: 2678: 2677:June 13, 1922. 2671: 2664: 2663:June 28, 1905. 2657: 2650: 2649:June 15, 1905. 2643: 2636: 2629: 2622: 2621:March 8, 1907. 2615: 2608: 2601: 2594: 2587: 2580: 2573: 2566: 2559: 2558:July 23, 1916. 2552: 2545: 2538: 2531: 2530:June 18, 1905. 2524: 2523:July 24, 1908. 2517: 2510: 2496: 2482: 2475: 2468: 2461: 2454: 2447: 2440: 2439:June 10, 1908. 2433: 2426: 2419: 2418:July 29, 1922. 2412: 2405: 2398: 2391: 2384: 2383:July 21, 1905. 2377: 2363: 2356: 2349: 2342: 2335: 2328: 2314: 2307: 2300: 2299:April 8, 1917. 2293: 2286: 2279: 2272: 2271:April 8, 1957. 2265: 2258: 2251: 2244: 2237: 2230: 2223: 2216: 2209: 2195: 2188: 2181: 2174: 2173:July 24, 1909. 2167: 2160: 2159:June 10, 1922. 2153: 2152:June 18, 1922. 2146: 2139: 2125: 2118: 2104: 2095: 2092: 2090: 2089: 2072: 2055: 2053:July 29, 1922. 2006: 1988: 1975: 1966: 1953: 1936: 1915: 1902: 1889: 1876: 1860: 1858:April 8, 1917. 1847: 1827: 1825:July 23, 1916. 1811: 1809:April 8, 1957. 1786: 1770: 1768:June 10, 1908. 1757: 1748: 1746:March 8, 1907. 1735: 1718: 1705: 1689: 1668: 1627: 1614: 1612:February 1926. 1593: 1564: 1548: 1535: 1522: 1509: 1496: 1480: 1463: 1461:June 28, 1905. 1446: 1444:June 14, 1905. 1433: 1420: 1418:June 12, 1905. 1407: 1405:June 10, 1905. 1394: 1378: 1361: 1344: 1326: 1308: 1295: 1274: 1258: 1256:June 18, 1905. 1242: 1224: 1215: 1202: 1185: 1168: 1155: 1142: 1140:July 21, 1905. 1114: 1112:April 6, 1905. 1086: 1058: 1028: 1015: 999: 986: 973: 957: 955:July 27, 1904. 944: 922: 905: 892: 879: 863: 845: 829: 813: 793: 791:July 24, 1908. 777: 759: 737: 727: 725: 722: 713: 710: 694:Chicago Outfit 674:nolle prosequi 648:jury tampering 639:Irish American 608: 605: 584: 581: 579: 576: 555: 552: 520: 517: 508:Samuel Gompers 492: 489: 487: 484: 477:stalking horse 463: 460: 360:Main article: 357: 354: 352: 349: 334:strikebreakers 321: 318: 287: 284: 240: 237: 220: 217: 201:Chicago Outfit 180: 179: 176: 172: 171: 168: 164: 163: 160: 156: 155: 152: 148: 147: 137: 135:(aged 56) 129: 125: 124: 111: 100: 96: 95: 87: 86: 84:Cornelius Shea 83: 74: 73: 31: 29: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3108: 3097: 3094: 3092: 3089: 3087: 3084: 3082: 3079: 3077: 3074: 3072: 3069: 3067: 3064: 3062: 3059: 3057: 3054: 3053: 3051: 3039: 3030: 3029: 3026:President of 3017: 3011: 3008: 3007: 2998: 2994: 2991: 2987: 2984: 2980: 2977: 2973: 2971: 2970:0-252-02825-2 2967: 2963: 2959: 2956: 2952: 2950:May 11, 1922. 2949: 2945: 2942: 2938: 2935: 2931: 2928: 2924: 2921: 2917: 2915:May 21, 1921. 2914: 2910: 2908:June 4, 1905. 2907: 2903: 2900: 2896: 2894:June 2, 1905. 2893: 2889: 2886: 2882: 2879: 2875: 2872: 2868: 2865: 2861: 2858: 2854: 2851: 2847: 2844: 2840: 2838: 2837:0-374-97734-8 2834: 2830: 2826: 2824:June 4, 1905. 2823: 2819: 2817:June 3, 1905. 2816: 2812: 2809: 2805: 2802: 2798: 2795: 2791: 2788: 2784: 2782:May 24, 1905. 2781: 2777: 2775:June 9, 1905. 2774: 2770: 2768:May 25, 1905. 2767: 2763: 2760: 2756: 2754:May 11, 1922. 2753: 2749: 2747: 2746:0-262-19309-4 2743: 2739: 2735: 2733:May 30, 1905. 2732: 2728: 2725: 2721: 2719:June 6, 1905. 2718: 2714: 2711: 2707: 2704: 2700: 2697: 2693: 2691:June 2, 1905. 2690: 2686: 2684:June 4, 1905. 2683: 2679: 2676: 2672: 2670:June 6, 1905. 2669: 2665: 2662: 2658: 2655: 2651: 2648: 2644: 2641: 2637: 2634: 2630: 2627: 2623: 2620: 2616: 2613: 2609: 2606: 2602: 2600:May 28, 1905. 2599: 2595: 2592: 2588: 2585: 2581: 2579:May 12, 1922. 2578: 2574: 2572:May 11, 1905. 2571: 2567: 2564: 2560: 2557: 2553: 2550: 2546: 2543: 2539: 2537:May 13, 1922. 2536: 2532: 2529: 2525: 2522: 2518: 2515: 2511: 2509: 2508:0-306-80535-9 2505: 2501: 2497: 2495: 2494:0-521-22579-5 2491: 2487: 2483: 2480: 2476: 2473: 2469: 2466: 2462: 2460:May 30, 1917. 2459: 2455: 2452: 2448: 2446:May 13, 1905. 2445: 2441: 2438: 2434: 2431: 2427: 2425:May 11, 1922. 2424: 2420: 2417: 2413: 2410: 2406: 2404:June 4, 1905. 2403: 2399: 2396: 2392: 2390:June 5, 1919. 2389: 2385: 2382: 2378: 2376: 2375:0-252-02337-4 2372: 2368: 2364: 2361: 2357: 2355:May 15, 1922. 2354: 2350: 2347: 2343: 2340: 2336: 2333: 2329: 2327: 2326:1-891620-72-X 2323: 2319: 2315: 2312: 2308: 2306:July 7, 1906. 2305: 2301: 2298: 2294: 2292:May 12, 1922. 2291: 2287: 2284: 2280: 2277: 2273: 2270: 2266: 2263: 2259: 2256: 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473: 465: 456: 453: 449: 445: 437: 433: 429: 418: 406: 402: 388: 373: 365: 342: 338: 326: 323: 308:went out on 303: 292: 289: 273: 269:George Innes 265: 261:Albert Young 254: 242: 233: 222: 215:in Chicago. 184: 183: 154:Union leader 133:(1929-01-12) 77: 62: 56:October 2021 53: 40:spinning off 33: 3076:1929 deaths 3071:1872 births 670:Jerry Horan 384:Morton Salt 380:Mark Morton 295:meatpacking 211:-dominated 191:leader and 3050:Categories 3032:1903–1907 2094:References 718:gallstones 620:Fred Mader 561:not guilty 540:subpoenaed 413:conspiracy 409:grand jury 219:Early life 151:Occupation 105:1872-09-17 44:relocating 934:Barrett, 690:Al Capone 601:Sing Sing 548:hung jury 524:Voir dire 421:President 249:teamsters 175:Parent(s) 113:Cambridge 2000:Asbury, 1427:Witwer, 807:Sloane, 496:unions. 205:indicted 167:Children 143:Illinois 1080:Cohen, 1052:Fitch, 700:leader 416:know." 229:tipcart 139:Chicago 2968: 2835: 2744: 2738:Hoffa. 2506: 2492: 2373: 2324: 2205: 2135: 2114: 1841:Nash, 823:Taft, 809:Hoffa, 310:strike 159:Spouse 145:, U.S. 2269:Time. 2004:2002. 1845:1993. 1807:Time, 1431:2003. 1056:2006. 942:1997. 877:1987. 827:1957. 811:1991. 724:Notes 712:Death 519:Trial 440:libel 391:Mayor 209:Mafia 189:labor 2966:ISBN 2833:ISBN 2742:ISBN 2504:ISBN 2490:ISBN 2371:ISBN 2322:ISBN 2203:ISBN 2133:ISBN 2112:ISBN 504:riot 374:The 243:The 128:Died 121:U.S. 99:Born 692:'s 637:'s 314:jig 42:or 3052:: 1991:^ 1863:^ 1830:^ 1814:^ 1773:^ 1692:^ 1551:^ 1483:^ 1381:^ 1329:^ 1261:^ 1245:^ 1227:^ 1117:^ 1089:^ 1061:^ 1031:^ 1002:^ 960:^ 925:^ 866:^ 848:^ 832:^ 816:^ 796:^ 780:^ 762:^ 740:^ 720:. 630:. 618:, 550:. 141:, 119:, 115:, 2070:. 107:) 103:( 69:) 63:( 58:) 54:( 50:. 36:.

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