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Scientific
Advisory Board. Also in 2012, she won the Japan Prize for Healthcare and Medical Technology with two other scientists for her role in the creation of Gleevec. For Rowley's scientific contributions she has received honorary doctor of science degrees from multiple institutions some of which
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degree in 1948, aged 23. Davison, only 19 years of age, had to wait 9 months in order to attend the university because their quota had already been filled for that semester. During that time only 3 out of 65 students were to be women in each class accepted. She married Donald Adams Rowley, also a
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In 1984, Dr. Rowley was made the Blum-Riese
Distinguished Service Professor of medicine, cell biology, molecular and human genetics at the University of Chicago. She also served as the interim deputy dean for science. In 1989, she was not only presented with the Charles S. Mott Prize by General
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implicated in certain types of leukemia was involved in a translocation with chromosome 9 in some cases. Translocation is the process by which a piece of one chromosome breaks off and joins another chromosome, or when two chromosomes exchange material when both break. She also identified
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which gave little significance to chromosomal abnormalities. Although there was some resistance to her ideas at first, her work has proven immensely influential, and by 1990 over seventy translocations had been identified across different cancers.
243:, thus proving that cancer is a genetic disease. Rowley spent the majority of her life working in Chicago and received many awards and honors throughout her life, recognizing her achievements and contributions in the area of genetics.
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Motors Cancer
Research Foundation, but the Clowes Memorial Award as well. In 1991, she was elected as a member into the American Philosophical Society. In 1998, she was one of three scientists awarded the prestigious
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After earning her medical license in 1951, Dr. Rowley worked as attending physician at the Infant and
Prenatal Clinics in the Department of Public Health,
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and became especially interested in science. In 1940, aged 15, she was granted a scholarship to study in an advanced placement program at the
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later in life. In 1951, both Janet and Donald Rowley completed internships at the United States Public Health
Service's Marine Hospital in
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Wapner J. The
Philadelphia Chromosome: A Genetic Mystery, a Lethal Cancer, and the Improbable Invention of a Lifesaving Treatment.
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and the
National Academy of Sciences. She published more than five hundred articles and continued her research at the
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Kreuzer, K. A.; Borregaard, N (2014). "In memoriam Janet D. Rowley (1925–2013) and John M. Goldman (1938–2013)".
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where she finished high school and the first two years of college, followed by completion of her degree at the
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magazine recognized her as one of the 50 most important women in science. In 2003, she received the
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physician, the day after graduating from medical school. He then went on to become a distinguished
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2007:
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1358:"Janet Rowley, MD, receives prestigious National Medal of Science at White House ceremony"
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535:"Janet Rowley (1925–2013) Geneticist who discovered that broken chromosomes cause cancer"
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1314:"Janet Rowley, MD, receives Presidential Medal of Freedom for cancer chromosome studies"
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307:. Rowley continued her work throughout Chicago and worked in a clinic for children with
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447:. In 2007, she was awarded the Award for Excellence in Molecular Diagnostics by the
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in 1925, the only child of
Hurford and Ethel Ballantyne Davison. Her father held a
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1169:"Benjamin Franklin Medal for Distinguished Achievement in the Sciences Recipients"
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On
December 17, 2013, Rowley died at home at the age of 88 from complications of
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until shortly before her death. In 2017, she was posthumously inducted into the
396:. Rowley also aided in the discovery, through her research, of the formation of
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1336:"Janet Rowley, MD, awarded Gruber Genetics Prize for chromosome studies"
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The first chromosomal translocation was discovered by Rowley in 1972 in
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National
Science Foundation – The President's National Medal of Science
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In 1962, Rowley's interest in cancer and chromosomes was sparked as an
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Benjamin Franklin Medal for Distinguished Achievement in the Sciences
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in 1998. In 1999, Dr. Rowley received the Golden Plate Award of the
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of excellence in the area of Basic Research and was elected to the
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Davison attended an academically challenging junior high school in
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775:"Janet Rowley 1925–2013: A rock star of haematology and genetics"
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Recipients of the Lasker–DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award
455:, the United States' highest civilian honor, by then-President
408:
376:
240:
116:
1124:"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement"
816:
Greaves, M (2014). "Retrospective. Janet Rowley (1925–2013)".
344:'s Dr. Julian Levinson Foundation, a clinic for children with
1244:"Ten women added to National Women's Hall of Fame in Seneca"
1220:, White House Office of the Press Secretary, July 30, 2009
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7896:
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
1411:
University of Chicago Special Collections Research Center
360:
256:
1242:
Posted: Sep 17, 2017 12:53 AM EDT (September 17, 2017).
1218:"President Obama Names Medal of Freedom Recipients"
1026:"Janet Rowley, cancer genetics pioneer, 1925-2013"
425:for their work on translocation, and received the
4149:
853:Mitelman, F (2014). "Janet D. Rowley 1925–2013".
743:
576:Rowley, J. D. (2013). "A Story of Swapped Ends".
348:, where she remained until 1961. She also taught
7862:
6434:Mathematical, statistical, and computer sciences
7931:University of Chicago Laboratory Schools alumni
7891:Deaths from ovarian cancer in the United States
388:translocation between chromosomes 8 and 21 in
186:Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award
4119:
2039:
1431:
1407:Guide to the Janet D. Rowley Papers 1940-2013
7976:Members of the National Academy of Medicine
1264:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
698:
471:. In 2012, Dr. Rowley was selected for the
246:
223:(April 5, 1925 – December 17, 2013) was an
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1424:
666:"Obituary: Janet Davison Rowley 1925–2013"
31:
1377:The University of Chicago Medical Center.
1355:The University of Chicago Medical Center.
1333:The University of Chicago Medical Center.
1311:The University of Chicago Medical Center.
982:
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340:. In 1955 she took up a research post at
7911:Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients
5843:
1147:"The 50 Most Important Women in Science"
1064:
1062:
852:
318:
280:University of Chicago Laboratory Schools
37:Rowley at the White House in August 2009
4413:
4135:United States National Medal of Science
815:
772:
663:
490:American Academy of Arts & Sciences
7951:20th-century American women scientists
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451:. In 2009, Dr. Rowley was awarded the
231:and the first scientist to identify a
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1419:
1305:"Biography: Dr. Janet Davison Rowley"
1059:
957:Druker, Brian J. (January 22, 2014).
620:
383:, and demonstrated that the abnormal
332:Rowley discusses her life and career.
1113:. Nsf.gov. Retrieved on May 9, 2016.
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699:Goss, K. H.; Le Beau, M. M. (2014).
473:Hope Funds for Cancer Research Award
463:. Then in 2010, she was awarded the
415:
7901:National Medal of Science laureates
1380:"1998 Lasker Award to Janet Rowley"
1272:
1198:Association for Molecular Pathology
1145:Svitil, Kathy (November 13, 2002).
701:"Janet Davidson Rowley (1925–2013)"
449:Association for Molecular Pathology
13:
7946:Pritzker School of Medicine alumni
1296:
1223:
14:
7987:
2206:Mildred "Babe" Didrikson Zaharias
1400:
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257:master of business administration
7956:20th-century American scientists
3276:Harriet Williams Russell Strong
1865:/ John Frederick Grassle (2013)
1235:
1211:
1186:
1132:American Academy of Achievement
1116:
746:European Journal of Haematology
465:Jesse Stevenson Kovalenko Medal
431:American Academy of Achievement
7941:Deaths from cancer in Illinois
7921:University of Illinois faculty
2955:Ernestine Louise Potowski Rose
1283:"Cancer Genetics Pioneer Dies"
1173:American Philosophical Society
1104:
1078:
883:
779:British Journal of Haematology
735:
521:
445:American Philosophical Society
363:trainee, studying the pattern
1:
7926:University of Chicago faculty
7906:Scientists from New York City
5357:
4150:Behavioral and social science
3925:
3597:
3102:
2427:
2258:
2067:
2056:National Women's Hall of Fame
1575:Ernest John Christopher Polge
1302:National Library of Medicine.
1046:National Women’s Hall of Fame
894:National Women’s Hall of Fame
855:Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer
515:
498:National Women's Hall of Fame
453:Presidential Medal of Freedom
367:in normal and abnormal human
162:Pearl Meister Greengard Prize
154:Presidential Medal of Freedom
7916:University of Chicago alumni
3302:Paulina Kellogg Wright Davis
1230:Laureates of the Japan Prize
469:National Academy of Sciences
7:
7971:21st-century American women
3485:Martha Coffin Pelham Wright
2889:Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin
392:, and between 15 and 17 in
338:Montgomery County, Maryland
178:Albany Medical Center Prize
10:
7992:
7038:Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
3041:Katharine Dexter McCormick
2339:Mary "Mother" Harris Jones
1030:University of Chicago News
959:"Janet Rowley (1925-2013)"
683:10.1016/j.cell.2014.01.015
405:acute myelogenous leukemia
390:acute myelogenous leukemia
346:developmental disabilities
251:Janet Davison was born in
7936:American women biologists
7800:
7649:
7498:
7319:
7125:
6973:
6969:
6958:
6892:
6794:
6683:
6594:
6515:
6443:
6439:
6428:
6385:
6294:
6186:
6077:
6013:William Hayward Pickering
5958:
5853:
5849:
5838:
5764:
5656:
5510:
5386:
5367:
5363:
5352:
5263:
5072:
4886:
4704:
4560:
4423:
4419:
4408:
4365:
4306:
4218:
4178:
4159:
4155:
4144:
4032:
3976:
3935:
3931:
3920:
3851:
3790:
3729:
3673:
3607:
3603:
3592:
3523:
3467:
3406:
3335:
3294:
3218:
3112:
3108:
3097:
2973:
2907:
2899:Hannah Greenebaum Solomon
2806:
2670:
2484:
2468:
2437:
2433:
2422:
2378:
2352:
2331:
2310:
2289:
2268:
2264:
2253:
2214:
2188:
2077:
2073:
2062:
1944:
1805:
1670:
1591:William Hayward Pickering
1535:
1466:Ephraim Katchalski-Katzir
1454:
718:10.1016/j.ccr.2013.12.020
427:National Medal of Science
314:
233:chromosomal translocation
214:
204:
197:
138:National Medal of Science
122:
109:chromosomal translocation
103:
93:
71:
42:
30:
23:
16:American human geneticist
7966:American women academics
7462:Norman Foster Ramsey Jr.
6908:S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan
4539:Burrhus Frederic Skinner
3130:Marjory Stoneman Douglas
2940:Wilhelmina Cole Holladay
2713:Charlotte Perkins Gilman
503:
461:Gruber Prize in Genetics
247:Early life and education
146:Gruber Prize in Genetics
6773:Cathleen Synge Morawetz
4691:George Ledyard Stebbins
4612:James Augustine Shannon
3620:Dorothy Harrison Eustis
3510:Catherine Filene Shouse
3363:Patricia Roberts Harris
3001:Mary Steichen Calderone
2869:Lillian Moller Gilbreth
2738:Frances Wisebart Jacobs
2542:Martha Wright Griffiths
1732:/ Keith J. Sainsbury /
830:10.1126/science.1251005
664:Olopade, O. I. (2014).
623:"Profile: Janet Rowley"
598:10.1126/science.1241318
385:Philadelphia chromosome
261:Harvard Business School
7230:Joseph O. Hirschfelder
7217:Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer
6173:Harry George Drickamer
6119:Hans Wolfgang Liepmann
5793:M. Frederick Hawthorne
5667:John D. Baldeschwieler
4907:Daniel E. Koshland Jr.
4589:Earl W. Sutherland Jr.
3566:Rebecca Talbot Perkins
3061:Eunice Kennedy Shriver
2925:Frances Xavier Cabrini
2839:Elizabeth Hanford Dole
2617:Ellen Swallow Richards
2587:Constance Baker Motley
2237:Elizabeth Bayley Seton
2170:Elizabeth Cady Stanton
1903:Emmanuelle Charpentier
1522:Frank Sherwood Rowland
394:promyelocytic leukemia
354:University of Illinois
333:
288:Bachelor of Philosophy
7821:Sylvester James Gates
7207:William Alfred Fowler
7189:Robert Rathbun Wilson
7002:Robert Burns Woodward
5814:Geraldine L. Richmond
5562:Howard E. Simmons Jr.
4845:Rosalyn Sussman Yalow
4774:Vernon B. Mountcastle
4630:Sterling B. Hendricks
4447:Marshall W. Nirenberg
4442:Theodosius Dobzhansky
4290:William Julius Wilson
4080:Anna Wessels Williams
3767:Carlotta Walls LaNier
3500:Elisabeth Kübler-Ross
3358:Martha Matilda Harper
3322:Mary Engle Pennington
3160:Frances Oldham Kelsey
2945:Anne Morrow Lindbergh
2698:Jane Cunningham Croly
2627:Katherine Siva Saubel
2522:Marian Wright Edelman
2445:Margaret Bourke-White
2370:Harriet Beecher Stowe
930:"Janet D. Rowley, MD"
494:University of Chicago
379:staining to identify
356:College of Medicine.
331:
286:, where she earned a
284:University of Chicago
209:University of Chicago
98:University of Chicago
7886:American geneticists
7792:Warren M. Washington
7756:Fay Ajzenberg-Selove
7665:Jeremiah P. Ostriker
7610:Martin Schwarzschild
7391:Solomon J. Buchsbaum
7383:J. Robert Schrieffer
7353:E. Margaret Burbidge
7197:Nicolaas Bloembergen
7174:Arie Jan Haagen-Smit
7053:Vladimir K. Zworykin
6805:John Griggs Thompson
6728:Martin David Kruskal
6568:Kurt Otto Friedrichs
6041:Erwin Wilhelm Müller
5995:Ralph Brazelton Peck
5950:Jack St. Clair Kilby
5877:John Robinson Pierce
5844:Engineering sciences
5775:Jacqueline K. Barton
5630:George M. Whitesides
5549:Dudley R. Herschbach
5487:Richard B. Bernstein
5456:Walter H. Stockmayer
5004:Elizabeth F. Neufeld
4935:G. Evelyn Hutchinson
4825:Stanley Norman Cohen
4812:Rita Levi-Montalcini
4648:Keith Roberts Porter
4511:Alfred H. Sturtevant
4506:Michael Heidelberger
4478:Fritz Albert Lipmann
3777:Mary Harriman Rumsey
3615:St. Katharine Drexel
3459:Mary Burnett Talbert
3454:Blanche Stuart Scott
3439:Mother Marianne Cope
3419:Ruth Fulton Benedict
3378:Mildred Robbins Leet
3076:Angelina Grimké Weld
2950:Maria Goeppert Mayer
2920:Charlotte Anne Bunch
2497:Antoinette Blackwell
2476:Gertrude Belle Elion
2406:Ida B. Wells-Barnett
2175:Helen Brooke Taussig
2165:Margaret Chase Smith
2008:John Michael Wallace
1289:. December 18, 2013.
294:degree in 1946, and
221:Janet Davison Rowley
7881:American biologists
7842:Shirley Ann Jackson
7761:Charles P. Slichter
7605:Marshall Rosenbluth
7597:Wallace S. Broecker
7550:Eugene M. Shoemaker
7311:Victor F. Weisskopf
7258:Herbert S. Gutowsky
7240:Edgar Bright Wilson
7081:George Kistiakowsky
6699:Stephen Cole Kleene
6210:George H. Heilmeier
6197:Mildred Dresselhaus
6088:Edward H. Heinemann
6018:Frederick E. Terman
5982:Richard T. Whitcomb
5903:Clarence L. Johnson
5864:Theodore von Kármán
5751:Stephen J. Benkovic
5730:Mostafa A. El-Sayed
5717:Marvin H. Caruthers
5672:Ralph F. Hirschmann
5612:Darleane C. Hoffman
5502:Harden M. McConnell
5443:Frank H. Westheimer
5255:Stanley B. Prusiner
5219:Robert J. Lefkowitz
4978:Howard Martin Temin
4835:Maurice R. Hilleman
4830:Joseph L. Goldstein
4769:Donald A. Henderson
4686:Earl Reece Stadtman
4671:Elizabeth C. Crosby
4635:Orville Alvin Vogel
4465:Donald D. Van Slyke
4414:Biological sciences
3994:Rebecca S. Halstead
3968:Mary Church Terrell
3655:Barbara A. Mikulski
3383:Patsy Takemoto Mink
3368:Stephanie L. Kwolek
3307:Ruth Bader Ginsburg
3281:Emily Howell Warner
3226:Dorothy H. Andersen
3200:Annie Dodge Wauneka
3195:Mary Edwards Walker
3120:Faye Glenn Abdellah
3051:Edith Nourse Rogers
3031:Shirley Ann Jackson
3006:Mary Ann Shadd Cary
2884:Sandra Day O'Connor
2864:Matilda Joslyn Gage
2460:Florence B. Seibert
2297:Carrie Chapman Catt
2227:Juliette Gordon Low
2110:Elizabeth Blackwell
2105:Mary McLeod Bethune
1992:/ Kazuo Hagimoto /
1831:Tadamitsu Kishimoto
1561:Jacques-Louis Lions
1128:www.achievement.org
975:2014Natur.505..484D
773:Hokland, P (2014).
590:2013Sci...340.1412R
584:(6139): 1412–1413.
551:2014Natur.505..484D
292:Bachelor of Science
269:Columbia University
263:, and her mother a
130:William Allan Award
7714:G. Brent Dalrymple
7532:Arthur L. Schawlow
7439:James A. Van Allen
7330:Philip W. Anderson
7286:Richard P. Feynman
7212:Linus Carl Pauling
6847:Dennis P. Sullivan
6404:John B. Goodenough
6337:Edwin N. Lightfoot
6305:Yuan-Cheng B. Fung
6286:Kenneth N. Stevens
6054:Raymond D. Mindlin
5977:Harold E. Edgerton
5822:A. Paul Alivisatos
5701:Stephen J. Lippard
5680:Ernest R. Davidson
5617:Harold S. Johnston
5451:William S. Johnson
5415:George C. Pimentel
5250:Susan L. Lindquist
5232:Francis S. Collins
5126:Victor A. McKusick
5101:Francisco J. Ayala
5083:Nancy C. Andreasen
5033:Robert A. Weinberg
4807:Har Gobind Khorana
4792:Michael E. DeBakey
4779:George Emil Palade
4751:Wendell L. Roelofs
4741:Howard L. Bachrach
4571:Barbara McClintock
4473:Edward F. Knipling
3953:Barbara Rose Johns
3904:Flossie Wong-Staal
3879:Nicole Malachowski
3808:Lorraine Hansberry
3752:Marcia Greenberger
3706:Mary Joseph Rogers
3645:Coretta Scott King
3630:Abby Kelley Foster
3546:Susan Kelly-Dreiss
3434:Rita Rossi Colwell
3210:Frances E. Willard
3046:Rozanne L. Ridgway
2996:Lydia Moss Bradley
2981:Madeleine Albright
2874:Nannerl O. Keohane
2844:Anne Dallas Dudley
2773:Betty Bone Schiess
2743:Susette La Flesche
2728:Zora Neale Hurston
2723:Helen LaKelly Hunt
2647:Madam C. J. Walker
2562:Mary Putnam Jacobi
2512:Jacqueline Cochran
2492:Ethel Percy Andrus
2360:Barbara McClintock
1970:Robert A. Weinberg
1952:Robert G. Gallager
1897:Steven D. Tanksley
1883:Theodore Friedmann
1786:Victor A. McKusick
1744:Masatoshi Takeichi
1692:Timothy R. Parsons
1688:John B. Goodenough
1682:Kimishige Ishizaka
1657:Jack L. Strominger
1653:W. Wesley Peterson
1633:Hiroyuki Yoshikawa
1629:Joseph Engelberger
1605:Edward F. Knipling
1364:on August 16, 2016
1342:on August 16, 2016
1320:on August 16, 2016
1090:www.hematology.org
1043:"Rowley, Janet D."
891:"Rowley, Janet D."
621:Novak, K. (2006).
486:Harvard University
334:
296:Doctor of Medicine
290:degree in 1944, a
267:in education from
7858:
7857:
7854:
7853:
7850:
7849:
7787:Esther M. Conwell
7727:Robert N. Clayton
7719:Riccardo Giacconi
7683:Raymond Davis Jr.
7571:Albert Overhauser
7514:Edwin M. McMillan
7475:Arnold O. Beckman
7452:Paul Ching-Wu Chu
7429:Paul C. Lauterbur
7406:Robert Hofstadter
7358:Maurice Goldhaber
7345:Charles H. Townes
7296:Edward M. Purcell
7263:Frederick Rossini
7117:Wolfgang Panofsky
7048:John H. Van Vleck
6964:Physical sciences
6954:
6953:
6950:
6949:
6916:Solomon W. Golomb
6876:Andrew J. Viterbi
6871:Leonard Kleinrock
6818:Calyampudi R. Rao
6786:Ronald R. Coifman
6694:George F. Carrier
6675:Donald C. Spencer
6670:Saunders Mac Lane
6605:Marshall H. Stone
6555:Shiing-Shen Chern
6462:Solomon Lefschetz
6424:
6423:
6420:
6419:
6361:David J. Wineland
6329:John M. Prausnitz
6270:C. Kumar N. Patel
6265:James L. Flanagan
6233:John Roy Whinnery
6220:H. Guyford Stever
6202:Nick Holonyak Jr.
6165:George W. Housner
6160:Willis M. Hawkins
6155:Daniel C. Drucker
6137:Robert Byron Bird
6129:Bernard M. Oliver
6036:Peter C. Goldmark
6023:Wernher von Braun
5969:George E. Mueller
5942:Nathan M. Newmark
5937:J. Presper Eckert
5916:Claude E. Shannon
5885:Charles S. Draper
5834:
5833:
5830:
5829:
5801:Judith P. Klinman
5685:Gábor A. Somorjai
5596:Isabella L. Karle
5583:George S. Hammond
5544:Gertrude B. Elion
5497:Rudolph A. Marcus
5348:
5347:
5344:
5343:
5274:Ralph L. Brinster
5193:Torsten N. Wiesel
5170:Norman E. Borlaug
5157:Solomon H. Snyder
5152:J. Michael Bishop
5111:Mario R. Capecchi
4991:Salome G. Waelsch
4922:E. Donnall Thomas
4797:Theodor O. Diener
4696:Paul Alfred Weiss
4524:Bernard B. Brodie
4460:George G. Simpson
4404:
4403:
4400:
4399:
4349:Michael I. Posner
4250:Eleanor J. Gibson
4202:George J. Stigler
4170:Neal Elgar Miller
4101:
4100:
4097:
4096:
4093:
4092:
4055:Kimberlé Crenshaw
4050:Elouise P. Cobell
4014:Katherine Johnson
3984:Octavia E. Butler
3916:
3915:
3912:
3911:
3823:Clare Boothe Luce
3635:Helen Murray Free
3588:
3587:
3584:
3583:
3449:Patricia A. Locke
3414:Florence E. Allen
3398:Sheila E. Widnall
3343:Linda G. Alvarado
3327:Mercy Otis Warren
3286:Victoria Woodhull
3271:Barbara Holdridge
3266:Beatrice A. Hicks
3241:Lydia Maria Child
3155:Leontine T. Kelly
3093:
3092:
3089:
3088:
2915:Louisa May Alcott
2829:Mary Breckinridge
2708:Geraldine Ferraro
2693:Annie Jump Cannon
2418:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2249:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2155:Eleanor Roosevelt
2054:Inductees to the
2021:
2020:
1990:Masataka Nakazawa
1984:Christopher Field
1869:Yasuharu Suematsu
1813:Shun-ichi Iwasaki
1772:Peter Shaw Ashton
1712:Benoit Mandelbrot
1706:Andrzej Tarkowski
1526:Elias James Corey
1194:"Past Recipients"
1086:"Janet D. Rowley"
867:10.1002/gcc.22156
792:10.1111/bjh.12808
758:10.1111/ejh.12295
640:10.1038/nm0106-10
416:Awards and honors
329:
218:
217:
199:Scientific career
190:
182:
174:
166:
158:
150:
142:
134:
75:December 17, 2013
7983:
7670:Gilbert F. White
7615:George Wetherill
7509:Allan M. Cormack
7467:Jack Steinberger
7447:D. Allan Bromley
7396:H. Richard Crane
7373:Frederick Reines
7363:Helmut Landsberg
7278:George Uhlenbeck
7179:Vladimir Haensel
7141:Allan R. Sandage
7112:Herbert C. Brown
7094:Herbert Friedman
7020:Leon M. Lederman
6992:Julian Schwinger
6971:
6970:
6960:
6959:
6929:Alexandre Chorin
6903:Richard A. Tapia
6884:David B. Mumford
6712:Alberto Calderón
6657:Joseph B. Keller
6644:Michael Freedman
6613:Herman Goldstine
6467:H. Marston Morse
6441:
6440:
6430:
6429:
6369:Rudolf E. Kálmán
6353:Robert S. Langer
6345:Jan D. Achenbach
6178:Herbert E. Grier
5929:Igor I. Sikorsky
5890:Othmar H. Ammann
5851:
5850:
5840:
5839:
5806:Jerrold Meinwald
5575:Norman Hackerman
5554:Glenn T. Seaborg
5469:William O. Baker
5397:F. Albert Cotton
5365:
5364:
5354:
5353:
5331:Mary-Claire King
5224:Bert W. O'Malley
5180:Thomas E. Starzl
5175:Phillip A. Sharp
5162:Charles Yanofsky
5144:Evelyn M. Witkin
5139:James E. Darnell
4965:Paul C. Zamecnik
4930:Mary Ellen Avery
4902:Herbert W. Boyer
4897:Baruj Benacerraf
4868:Joshua Lederberg
4858:Viktor Hamburger
4820:Michael S. Brown
4666:Robert H. Burris
4421:
4420:
4410:
4409:
4357:Mortimer Mishkin
4282:William K. Estes
4266:Roger N. Shepard
4258:Robert K. Merton
4242:George A. Miller
4189:Herbert A. Simon
4157:
4156:
4146:
4145:
4128:
4121:
4114:
4105:
4104:
3933:
3932:
3922:
3921:
3889:Louise Slaughter
3813:Victoria Jackson
3772:Philippa Marrack
3757:Barbara Iglewski
3665:Kathrine Switzer
3660:Donna E. Shalala
3605:
3604:
3594:
3593:
3551:Allie B. Latimer
3531:Louise Bourgeois
3505:Judith L. Pipher
3312:Katharine Graham
3256:Marian de Forest
3175:Anna Howard Shaw
3125:Emma Smith DeVoe
3110:
3109:
3099:
3098:
3011:Joan Ganz Cooney
2935:Oveta Culp Hobby
2930:Mary A. Hallaren
2793:Sarah Winnemucca
2662:Gloria Yerkovich
2657:Rosalyn S. Yalow
2612:Jeannette Rankin
2592:Georgia O'Keeffe
2547:Fannie Lou Hamer
2507:Shirley Chisholm
2455:Billie Jean King
2435:
2434:
2424:
2423:
2386:Gwendolyn Brooks
2266:
2265:
2255:
2254:
2095:Susan B. Anthony
2075:
2074:
2064:
2063:
2048:
2041:
2034:
2025:
2024:
1859:C. Grant Willson
1647:Marc Van Montagu
1621:Takashi Sugimura
1555:Xavier Le Pichon
1500:Donald Henderson
1496:Georges Vendryes
1440:
1433:
1426:
1417:
1416:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1386:on June 24, 2016
1382:. Archived from
1374:, April 27, 1999
1373:
1371:
1369:
1360:. Archived from
1351:
1349:
1347:
1338:. Archived from
1329:
1327:
1325:
1316:. Archived from
1308:
1291:
1290:
1279:
1270:
1269:
1263:
1255:
1253:
1251:
1239:
1233:
1227:
1221:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1190:
1184:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1142:
1136:
1135:
1120:
1114:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1082:
1076:
1066:
1057:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1022:
1005:
1004:
986:
954:
945:
944:
942:
940:
926:
905:
904:
902:
900:
887:
881:
878:
849:
812:
794:
769:
739:
733:
730:
720:
695:
685:
660:
642:
617:
572:
562:
531:Druker, Brian J.
525:
330:
235:as the cause of
188:
180:
172:
164:
156:
148:
140:
132:
111:as the cause of
78:
56:
54:
35:
21:
20:
7991:
7990:
7986:
7985:
7984:
7982:
7981:
7980:
7861:
7860:
7859:
7846:
7834:Sean C. Solomon
7796:
7748:Daniel Kleppner
7740:Lonnie Thompson
7735:Ralph A. Alpher
7701:W. Jason Morgan
7688:Charles Keeling
7678:Marvin L. Cohen
7645:
7628:John N. Bahcall
7623:Don L. Anderson
7589:Peter Goldreich
7542:Steven Weinberg
7494:
7424:Walter Elsasser
7401:Herman Feshbach
7315:
7253:Samuel Goudsmit
7245:Chien-Shiung Wu
7184:Frederick Seitz
7151:John A. Wheeler
7136:Robert H. Dicke
7121:
6984:Luis W. Alvarez
6965:
6946:
6934:David Blackwell
6888:
6839:Carl R. de Boor
6810:Karen Uhlenbeck
6790:
6744:Louis Nirenberg
6679:
6652:Ralph E. Gomory
6590:
6586:Donald E. Knuth
6573:Hassler Whitney
6511:
6435:
6416:
6381:
6313:Andreas Acrivos
6290:
6278:Eli Ruckenstein
6257:Hermann A. Haus
6228:Calvin F. Quate
6215:Luna B. Leopold
6182:
6073:
6059:Robert N. Noyce
6049:Emmett N. Leith
6008:Manson Benedict
5990:Rudolf Kompfner
5954:
5908:Warren K. Lewis
5845:
5826:
5760:
5722:Peter B. Dervan
5693:John I. Brauman
5652:
5604:Norman Davidson
5531:John D. Roberts
5506:
5474:Konrad E. Bloch
5420:Richard N. Zare
5382:
5359:
5340:
5297:Sallie Chisholm
5279:Rudolf Jaenisch
5259:
5242:J. Craig Venter
5201:Rita R. Colwell
5068:
5054:David Baltimore
4945:Robert W. Kates
4917:David G. Nathan
4912:Edward B. Lewis
4882:
4878:Harland G. Wood
4873:Roger W. Sperry
4728:Glenn W. Burton
4700:
4676:Arthur Kornberg
4643:Roger Guillemin
4620:Hallowell Davis
4584:Daniel I. Arnon
4576:Albert B. Sabin
4556:
4529:Detlev W. Bronk
4501:Harry F. Harlow
4496:Kenneth S. Cole
4483:William C. Rose
4455:Francis P. Rous
4415:
4396:
4361:
4341:Gordon H. Bower
4302:
4298:Robert M. Solow
4214:
4210:Milton Friedman
4174:
4151:
4140:
4132:
4102:
4089:
4085:Serena Williams
4028:
3972:
3958:Henrietta Lacks
3948:Barbara Hillary
3943:Aretha Franklin
3927:
3908:
3894:Sonia Sotomayor
3847:
3786:
3737:Tenley Albright
3725:
3711:Bernice Sandler
3669:
3650:Lilly Ledbetter
3625:Loretta C. Ford
3599:
3580:
3519:
3515:Henrietta Szold
3475:Eleanor K. Baum
3463:
3429:Hillary Clinton
3402:
3353:Gertrude Ederle
3348:Donna de Varona
3331:
3290:
3236:Rosalynn Carter
3214:
3190:Wilma L. Vaught
3145:Crystal Eastman
3140:Sylvia A. Earle
3104:
3085:
3081:Chien-Shiung Wu
3056:Felice Schwartz
3026:Julia Ward Howe
2969:
2960:Maria Tallchief
2903:
2859:Margaret Fuller
2854:Ella Fitzgerald
2849:Mary Baker Eddy
2802:
2758:Antonia Novello
2733:Anne Hutchinson
2666:
2607:Esther Peterson
2582:Wilma Mankiller
2502:Emily Blackwell
2480:
2464:
2429:
2410:
2374:
2348:
2327:
2306:
2302:Frances Perkins
2285:
2281:Sojourner Truth
2276:Margaret Sanger
2260:
2241:
2210:
2184:
2130:Emily Dickinson
2090:Marian Anderson
2069:
2058:
2052:
2022:
2017:
2012:Ronald M. Evans
1998:Karl Deisseroth
1994:Gero Miesenböck
1966:Bert Vogelstein
1962:Martin A. Green
1940:
1921:Max Dale Cooper
1907:Jennifer Doudna
1879:Yutaka Takahasi
1801:
1748:Erkki Ruoslahti
1730:Akira Fujishima
1698:Tim Berners-Lee
1666:
1661:Don Craig Wiley
1547:W. Jason Morgan
1531:
1490:Theodore Maiman
1476:Willem J. Kolff
1450:
1444:
1403:
1389:
1387:
1378:
1367:
1365:
1356:
1345:
1343:
1334:
1323:
1321:
1312:
1303:
1299:
1297:Further reading
1294:
1287:Huffington Post
1281:
1280:
1273:
1257:
1256:
1249:
1247:
1240:
1236:
1232:. japanprize.jp
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984:10.1038/505484a
955:
948:
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928:
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908:
898:
896:
889:
888:
884:
740:
736:
627:Nature Medicine
560:10.1038/505484a
526:
522:
518:
506:
482:Yale University
418:
365:DNA replication
319:
317:
265:master's degree
249:
193:
107:Identification
94:Alma mater
89:
80:
76:
67:
58:
52:
50:
49:
48:
38:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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7873:
7856:
7855:
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7848:
7847:
7845:
7844:
7839:
7836:
7831:
7829:Burton Richter
7826:
7823:
7818:
7813:
7808:
7804:
7802:
7798:
7797:
7795:
7794:
7789:
7784:
7782:Yakir Aharonov
7779:
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7763:
7758:
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7745:
7742:
7737:
7732:
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7716:
7711:
7708:
7703:
7698:
7696:Richard Garwin
7693:
7690:
7685:
7680:
7675:
7672:
7667:
7662:
7660:Willis E. Lamb
7657:
7653:
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7459:
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7449:
7444:
7441:
7436:
7431:
7426:
7421:
7419:Philip Abelson
7416:
7413:
7411:Chen-Ning Yang
7408:
7403:
7398:
7393:
7388:
7385:
7380:
7378:Bruno B. Rossi
7375:
7370:
7365:
7360:
7355:
7350:
7347:
7342:
7337:
7335:Yoichiro Nambu
7332:
7327:
7323:
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7186:
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7176:
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7158:
7153:
7148:
7146:John C. Slater
7143:
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7123:
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7119:
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7109:
7106:
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7083:
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7073:
7068:
7063:
7058:
7055:
7050:
7045:
7040:
7035:
7033:Jacob Bjerknes
7030:
7027:
7022:
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6878:
6873:
6868:
6865:
6860:
6857:
6852:
6849:
6844:
6841:
6836:
6833:
6831:James G. Glimm
6828:
6825:
6823:Elias M. Stein
6820:
6815:
6812:
6807:
6802:
6798:
6796:
6792:
6791:
6789:
6788:
6783:
6778:
6775:
6770:
6767:
6765:Shing-Tung Yau
6762:
6759:
6754:
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6654:
6649:
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6641:
6636:
6633:
6631:Antoni Zygmund
6628:
6623:
6620:
6618:Isadore Singer
6615:
6610:
6607:
6602:
6598:
6596:
6592:
6591:
6589:
6588:
6583:
6581:Joseph L. Doob
6578:
6575:
6570:
6565:
6562:
6560:George Dantzig
6557:
6552:
6550:John W. Backus
6547:
6544:
6539:
6536:
6531:
6528:
6526:Richard Brauer
6523:
6519:
6517:
6513:
6512:
6510:
6509:
6507:William Feller
6504:
6501:
6496:
6493:
6488:
6485:
6480:
6477:
6472:
6469:
6464:
6459:
6456:
6454:Norbert Wiener
6451:
6447:
6445:
6437:
6436:
6426:
6425:
6422:
6421:
6418:
6417:
6415:
6414:
6412:Thomas Kailath
6409:
6406:
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6380:
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6149:
6144:
6142:H. Bolton Seed
6139:
6134:
6131:
6126:
6121:
6116:
6113:
6108:
6103:
6098:
6095:
6093:Donald L. Katz
6090:
6085:
6081:
6079:
6075:
6074:
6072:
6071:
6066:
6064:Earl R. Parker
6061:
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6015:
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5956:
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5947:
5944:
5939:
5934:
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5926:
5921:
5918:
5913:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5898:Hugh L. Dryden
5895:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5879:
5874:
5869:
5866:
5861:
5857:
5855:
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5824:
5819:
5816:
5811:
5808:
5803:
5798:
5795:
5790:
5785:
5782:
5780:Peter J. Stang
5777:
5772:
5768:
5766:
5762:
5761:
5759:
5758:
5756:Marye Anne Fox
5753:
5748:
5745:
5740:
5735:
5732:
5727:
5724:
5719:
5714:
5711:
5709:Tobin J. Marks
5706:
5703:
5698:
5695:
5690:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5674:
5669:
5664:
5660:
5658:
5654:
5653:
5651:
5650:
5645:
5640:
5638:Stuart A. Rice
5635:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5606:
5601:
5598:
5593:
5588:
5585:
5580:
5577:
5572:
5570:Donald J. Cram
5567:
5564:
5559:
5556:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5539:Ronald Breslow
5536:
5533:
5528:
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5518:
5514:
5512:
5508:
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5505:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5489:
5484:
5481:
5479:Elias J. Corey
5476:
5471:
5466:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5445:
5440:
5438:Carl S. Marvel
5435:
5430:
5425:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5410:Roald Hoffmann
5407:
5404:
5399:
5394:
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5380:
5375:
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5360:
5350:
5349:
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5345:
5342:
5341:
5339:
5338:
5333:
5328:
5326:Stanley Falkow
5323:
5320:
5318:Rakesh K. Jain
5315:
5312:
5307:
5302:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
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5146:
5141:
5136:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5121:Gene E. Likens
5118:
5113:
5108:
5106:George F. Bass
5103:
5098:
5095:
5090:
5088:Peter H. Raven
5085:
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5017:
5014:
5012:Alexander Rich
5009:
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5001:
4996:
4993:
4988:
4986:Daniel Nathans
4983:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4967:
4962:
4960:Folke K. Skoog
4957:
4952:
4950:Salvador Luria
4947:
4942:
4940:Elvin A. Kabat
4937:
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4909:
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4875:
4870:
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4855:
4853:Katherine Esau
4850:
4847:
4842:
4840:Eric R. Kandel
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4786:
4784:Joan A. Steitz
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4758:
4756:Berta Scharrer
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4723:Seymour Benzer
4720:
4717:
4715:Philip Handler
4712:
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4640:
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4609:
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4602:Erwin Chargaff
4599:
4597:Britton Chance
4594:
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4586:
4581:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4564:
4562:
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4547:Robert Huebner
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4434:C. B. van Niel
4431:
4427:
4425:
4417:
4416:
4406:
4405:
4402:
4401:
4398:
4397:
4395:
4394:
4392:Albert Bandura
4389:
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4384:Robert Axelrod
4381:
4378:
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4362:
4360:
4359:
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4325:R. Duncan Luce
4322:
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4310:
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4304:
4303:
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4300:
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4287:
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4274:Paul Samuelson
4271:
4268:
4263:
4260:
4255:
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4244:
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4236:
4234:Patrick Suppes
4231:
4229:Leonid Hurwicz
4226:
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4065:Judith Plaskow
4062:
4060:Peggy McIntosh
4057:
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4034:
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4024:Michelle Obama
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3899:Laurie Spiegel
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3818:Sherry Lansing
3815:
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3803:Temple Grandin
3800:
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3762:Jean Kilbourne
3759:
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3686:Ina May Gaskin
3683:
3677:
3675:
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3670:
3668:
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3662:
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3640:Billie Holiday
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3385:
3380:
3375:
3373:Dorothea Lange
3370:
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3246:Bessie Coleman
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5109:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5078:
5077:
5075:
5071:
5065:
5064:Lynn Margulis
5062:
5060:
5059:Jared Diamond
5057:
5055:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4999:Thomas Eisner
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4973:Maxine Singer
4971:
4968:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4955:Paul A. Marks
4953:
4951:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4892:
4891:
4889:
4885:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4764:Stanley Cohen
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4710:
4709:
4707:
4703:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4653:Efraim Racker
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4607:James V. Neel
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4566:
4565:
4563:
4559:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4519:Horace Barker
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4488:Sewall Wright
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4429:
4428:
4426:
4422:
4418:
4411:
4407:
4393:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4376:Anne Treisman
4374:
4371:
4370:
4368:
4364:
4358:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4333:Kenneth Arrow
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4312:
4311:
4309:
4305:
4299:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4224:
4223:
4221:
4217:
4211:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4197:Anne Anastasi
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4184:
4183:
4181:
4177:
4171:
4168:
4165:
4164:
4162:
4158:
4154:
4147:
4143:
4139:
4136:
4129:
4124:
4122:
4117:
4115:
4110:
4109:
4106:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4040:Patricia Bath
4038:
4037:
4035:
4031:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4009:Emily Howland
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3975:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3963:Toni Morrison
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3940:
3938:
3934:
3930:
3923:
3919:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3859:Gloria Allred
3857:
3856:
3854:
3850:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3828:Aimee Mullins
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3798:Matilda Cuomo
3796:
3795:
3793:
3789:
3783:
3782:Eleanor Smeal
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3747:Martha Graham
3745:
3743:
3742:Nancy Brinker
3740:
3738:
3735:
3734:
3732:
3728:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3716:Anna Schwartz
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3672:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3606:
3602:
3595:
3591:
3577:
3576:Kate Stoneman
3574:
3572:
3571:Susan Solomon
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3528:
3526:
3522:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3495:Winona LaDuke
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3466:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3424:Betty Bumpers
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3411:
3409:
3405:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3393:Anne Sullivan
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3334:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3299:
3297:
3293:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3261:Althea Gibson
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3217:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3107:
3100:
3096:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3071:Florence Wald
3069:
3067:
3066:Beverly Sills
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3036:Shannon Lucid
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2972:
2966:
2965:Edith Wharton
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2912:
2910:
2906:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2894:Pat Schroeder
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2805:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2788:Oprah Winfrey
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2768:Wilma Rudolph
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2688:Myra Bradwell
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2669:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2622:Elaine Roulet
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2532:Betty Friedan
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2483:
2477:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2467:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2425:
2421:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2377:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2355:
2351:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2336:
2334:
2330:
2324:
2323:Lucretia Mott
2321:
2319:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2309:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2294:
2292:
2288:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2256:
2252:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2219:
2217:
2213:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2201:Margaret Mead
2199:
2197:
2196:Abigail Adams
2194:
2193:
2191:
2187:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2120:Rachel Carson
2118:
2116:
2115:Pearl S. Buck
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2049:
2044:
2042:
2037:
2035:
2030:
2029:
2026:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2004:Brian Hoskins
2002:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1981:
1980:Drew Weissman
1977:
1974:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1936:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1917:Akira Yoshino
1915:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1887:Alain Fischer
1884:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1853:Masato Sagawa
1850:
1846:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1835:Toshio Hirano
1832:
1828:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1804:
1797:
1796:David E. Kuhl
1793:
1790:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1755:
1754:John Houghton
1752:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1726:Kenichi Honda
1724:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1710:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1669:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1602:
1601:Nick Holonyak
1599:
1596:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1543:Marvin Minsky
1541:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1527:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1448:
1441:
1436:
1434:
1429:
1427:
1422:
1421:
1418:
1412:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1363:
1359:
1354:
1341:
1337:
1332:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1306:
1301:
1300:
1288:
1284:
1278:
1276:
1267:
1261:
1250:September 28,
1245:
1238:
1231:
1226:
1219:
1214:
1199:
1195:
1189:
1174:
1170:
1164:
1148:
1141:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1119:
1112:
1107:
1091:
1087:
1081:
1075:
1074:9781615191970
1071:
1065:
1063:
1047:
1044:
1031:
1027:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
985:
980:
976:
972:
969:(7484): 484.
968:
964:
960:
953:
951:
935:
931:
925:
923:
921:
919:
917:
915:
913:
911:
895:
892:
886:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
824:(6171): 626.
823:
819:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
793:
788:
785:(3): 269–70.
784:
780:
776:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
742:
741:
738:
728:
724:
719:
714:
710:
706:
702:
697:
693:
689:
684:
679:
675:
671:
667:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
641:
636:
632:
628:
624:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
574:
570:
566:
561:
556:
552:
548:
545:(7484): 484.
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
527:
524:
520:
513:
511:
501:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
437:
432:
428:
424:
413:
410:
406:
401:
399:
398:retinoid acid
395:
391:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
357:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
312:
310:
309:Down Syndrome
306:
302:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
272:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
253:New York City
244:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
213:
210:
207:
203:
200:
196:
187:
184:
179:
176:
171:
168:
163:
160:
155:
152:
147:
144:
139:
136:
131:
128:
127:
125:
121:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
99:
96:
92:
88:
84:
74:
70:
66:
62:
61:New York City
57:April 5, 1925
47:Janet Davison
45:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
7816:Sandra Faber
7811:Sidney Drell
7641:Leo Kadanoff
7636:James Cronin
7584:Hans Dehmelt
7519:Robert Pound
7485:Robert Sharp
7301:John Sinfelt
7268:Verner Suomi
7235:Lewis Sarett
7099:Lars Onsager
7043:Henry Eyring
7010:John Bardeen
6752:Richard Karp
6720:Allen Newell
6499:Jerzy Neyman
6124:Tung-Yen Lin
6101:Bill Hewlett
6031:Morris Cohen
5625:John W. Cahn
5526:Karl Folkers
5287:Lucy Shapiro
5237:Elaine Fuchs
5116:Ann Graybiel
5046:Janet Rowley
5045:
5028:James Watson
5020:Ruth Patrick
4863:Philip Leder
4733:Mildred Cohn
4681:Severo Ochoa
4658:E. O. Wilson
4070:Loretta Ross
4045:Ruby Bridges
3989:Judy Chicago
3884:Rose O'Neill
3864:Angela Davis
3843:Alice Waters
3838:Janet Rowley
3837:
3833:Carol Mutter
3721:Emma Willard
3701:Nancy Pelosi
3696:Kate Millett
3561:Ruth Patrick
3556:Emma Lazarus
3541:Karen DeCrow
3536:Mildred Cohn
3231:Lucille Ball
3205:Eudora Welty
3180:Sophia Smith
3165:Kate Mullany
3021:Sarah Grimké
2986:Maya Angelou
2819:Ann Bancroft
2798:Fanny Wright
2718:Grace Hopper
2642:Lillian Wald
2597:Annie Oakley
2577:Mary Mahoney
2401:Mary Risteau
2391:Willa Cather
2344:Bessie Smith
2222:Dorothea Dix
2150:Helen Keller
2125:Mary Cassatt
2100:Clara Barton
1956:Svante Pääbo
1893:Hideo Hosono
1863:Jean Fréchet
1845:Brian Druker
1841:Janet Rowley
1840:
1823:Ken Thompson
1740:Makoto Nagao
1702:Anne McLaren
1643:Jozef Schell
1571:Gerhard Ertl
1565:John J. Wild
1551:Dan McKenzie
1516:Robert Gallo
1508:Frank Fenner
1486:Gurdev Khush
1388:. Retrieved
1384:the original
1366:. Retrieved
1362:the original
1344:. Retrieved
1340:the original
1322:. Retrieved
1318:the original
1286:
1248:. Retrieved
1237:
1225:
1213:
1201:. Retrieved
1197:
1188:
1178:November 26,
1176:. Retrieved
1163:
1151:. Retrieved
1140:
1127:
1118:
1106:
1096:November 18,
1094:. Retrieved
1089:
1080:
1051:November 19,
1049:. Retrieved
1045:
1035:November 18,
1033:. Retrieved
1029:
966:
962:
939:November 18,
937:. Retrieved
934:www.aacr.org
933:
899:November 19,
897:. Retrieved
893:
885:
861:(4): 275–6.
858:
854:
821:
817:
782:
778:
749:
745:
737:
708:
704:
676:(3): 390–1.
673:
669:
630:
626:
581:
577:
542:
538:
523:
507:
457:Barack Obama
434:
423:Lasker Award
419:
402:
358:
335:
273:
259:degree from
250:
220:
219:
205:Institutions
198:
77:(2013-12-17)
25:Janet Rowley
18:
7876:2013 deaths
7871:1925 births
7769:Berni Alder
7576:Frank Press
7457:Walter Kohn
7434:George Pake
7368:Walter Munk
7291:Herman Mark
7273:Henry Taube
7061:Jesse Beams
7015:Peter Debye
6997:Harold Urey
6921:Barry Mazur
6483:John Milnor
6377:Amnon Yariv
6321:Leo Beranek
6147:Ernst Weber
6000:Abel Wolman
5591:Thomas Cech
5521:Elkan Blout
5461:Max Tishler
5378:Roger Adams
5336:Simon Levin
4802:Harry Eagle
4625:Paul Gyorgy
4317:Gary Becker
4075:Sandy Stone
4019:Indra Nooyi
3691:Julie Krone
3490:Swanee Hunt
3480:Julia Child
3444:Maya Y. Lin
3317:Bertha Holt
3251:Dorothy Day
3185:Ida Tarbell
3150:Jeanne Holm
2879:Maggie Kuhn
2678:Bella Abzug
2567:Mae Jemison
2537:Ella Grasso
2527:Alice Evans
2517:Ruth Colvin
2145:Helen Hayes
2085:Jane Addams
1764:Albert Fert
1720:Seiji Ogawa
1581:Frank Press
1447:Japan Prize
705:Cancer Cell
433:. In 2002,
381:chromosomes
369:chromosomes
301:pathologist
170:Japan Prize
7865:Categories
7563:Vera Rubin
7202:Paul Flory
6863:Hyman Bass
6736:John Cocke
6639:Raoul Bott
6542:Kurt Gödel
6534:John Tukey
6491:Paul Cohen
6106:George Low
6069:Simon Ramo
5292:Leroy Hood
5093:Carl Woese
5041:Bruce Ames
4552:Ernst Mayr
3874:Jane Fonda
3869:Sarah Deer
3681:Betty Ford
3170:Janet Reno
3016:Gerty Cori
2991:Nellie Bly
2683:Ella Baker
2602:Rosa Parks
2396:Sally Ride
2365:Lucy Stone
2232:Alice Paul
1935:Rattan Lal
1911:Adi Shamir
1758:Akira Endo
1678:Ian McHarg
1625:Bruce Ames
1504:Isao Arita
1449:recipients
1149:. Discover
752:(4): 275.
711:(1): 1–2.
516:References
477:Hope Funds
459:, and the
373:Hematology
276:New Jersey
239:and other
229:geneticist
115:and other
53:1925-04-05
7558:Val Fitch
6626:Peter Lax
6396:Shu Chien
5643:John Ross
5358:Chemistry
4746:Paul Berg
4138:laureates
4004:Joy Harjo
3926:2020–2029
3598:2010–2019
3388:Sacagawea
3135:Mary Dyer
3103:2000–2009
2572:Mary Lyon
2428:1990–1999
2259:1980–1989
2068:1970–1979
1778:Vint Cerf
1639:Leo Esaki
1615:Masao Ito
1203:April 12,
993:1476-4687
846:206555226
809:207082112
633:(1): 10.
614:206550237
350:neurology
7537:Ed Stone
4534:Jay Lush
3999:Mia Hamm
1390:July 30,
1368:July 30,
1346:July 30,
1324:July 30,
1260:cite web
1001:24451535
875:24496781
838:24503847
801:24588512
766:73068763
727:24654260
692:24757717
657:36113381
649:16397540
606:23788787
569:24451535
533:(2014).
480:include
436:Discover
237:leukemia
225:American
113:leukemia
87:Illinois
65:New York
1409:at the
971:Bibcode
818:Science
586:Bibcode
578:Science
547:Bibcode
467:by the
443:of the
352:at the
342:Chicago
305:Chicago
241:cancers
117:cancers
83:Chicago
2014:(2024)
2000:(2023)
1986:(2022)
1972:(2021)
1958:(2020)
1937:(2019)
1927:(2018)
1913:(2017)
1899:(2016)
1889:(2015)
1875:(2014)
1855:(2012)
1837:(2011)
1819:(2010)
1798:(2009)
1788:(2008)
1774:(2007)
1760:(2006)
1750:(2005)
1736:(2004)
1722:(2003)
1708:(2002)
1694:(2001)
1684:(2000)
1663:(1999)
1649:(1998)
1635:(1997)
1617:(1996)
1607:(1995)
1603:Jr. /
1597:(1994)
1587:(1993)
1577:(1992)
1567:(1991)
1557:(1990)
1528:(1989)
1518:(1988)
1492:(1987)
1478:(1986)
1468:(1985)
1396:, 1998
1352:, 2009
1330:, 2009
1153:May 1,
1072:
999:
991:
963:Nature
873:
844:
836:
807:
799:
764:
725:
690:
655:
647:
612:
604:
567:
539:Nature
409:cancer
377:Giemsa
315:Career
227:human
189:(1998)
181:(2013)
173:(2012)
165:(2010)
157:(2009)
149:(2009)
141:(1998)
133:(1991)
123:Awards
7801:2010s
7650:2000s
7499:1990s
7320:1980s
7126:1970s
6974:1960s
6893:2010s
6795:2000s
6684:1990s
6595:1980s
6516:1970s
6444:1960s
6386:2010s
6295:2000s
6187:1990s
6078:1980s
5959:1970s
5854:1960s
5765:2010s
5657:2000s
5511:1990s
5387:1980s
5368:1960s
5264:2010s
5073:2000s
4887:1990s
4705:1980s
4561:1970s
4424:1960s
4366:2010s
4307:2000s
4219:1990s
4179:1980s
4160:1960s
1945:2020s
1806:2010s
1671:2000s
1536:1990s
1455:1980s
842:S2CID
805:S2CID
762:S2CID
653:S2CID
610:S2CID
504:Death
7838:2014
7825:2012
7807:2011
7778:2009
7765:2008
7752:2007
7744:2006
7731:2005
7723:2004
7710:2003
7692:2002
7674:2001
7656:2000
7632:1999
7619:1998
7601:1997
7593:1996
7580:1995
7567:1994
7554:1993
7546:1992
7528:1991
7505:1990
7471:1989
7443:1988
7415:1987
7387:1986
7349:1983
7326:1982
7282:1979
7249:1976
7221:1975
7193:1974
7160:1973
7132:1970
7108:1969
7085:1968
7057:1967
7029:1966
7006:1965
6988:1964
6980:1963
6938:2013
6925:2012
6912:2011
6899:2010
6880:2009
6867:2007
6859:2006
6851:2005
6843:2004
6835:2003
6827:2002
6814:2001
6801:2000
6777:1999
6769:1998
6761:1997
6748:1996
6740:1995
6732:1994
6724:1993
6716:1992
6708:1991
6690:1990
6661:1989
6648:1988
6635:1987
6622:1986
6609:1983
6601:1982
6577:1979
6564:1976
6546:1975
6538:1974
6530:1973
6522:1970
6503:1969
6495:1968
6487:1967
6479:1966
6471:1965
6458:1964
6450:1963
6408:2012
6400:2011
6392:2010
6373:2009
6365:2008
6357:2007
6349:2006
6341:2005
6333:2004
6325:2003
6317:2002
6309:2001
6301:2000
6282:1999
6274:1998
6261:1996
6253:1995
6245:1994
6237:1993
6224:1992
6206:1991
6193:1990
6169:1989
6151:1988
6133:1987
6115:1986
6097:1983
6084:1982
6045:1979
6027:1976
6004:1975
5986:1974
5973:1973
5965:1970
5946:1969
5933:1968
5920:1967
5912:1966
5894:1965
5881:1964
5868:1963
5860:1962
5818:2014
5810:2013
5797:2012
5784:2011
5771:2010
5747:2009
5734:2008
5726:2007
5713:2006
5705:2005
5697:2004
5689:2002
5676:2001
5663:2000
5634:1999
5621:1998
5608:1997
5600:1996
5587:1995
5579:1994
5566:1993
5558:1992
5535:1991
5517:1990
5483:1989
5465:1988
5447:1987
5424:1986
5406:1983
5393:1982
5374:1964
5322:2014
5314:2013
5301:2012
5283:2011
5270:2010
5246:2009
5228:2008
5215:2007
5197:2006
5184:2005
5166:2004
5148:2003
5135:2002
5097:2001
5079:2000
5050:1999
5037:1998
5024:1997
5016:1996
5008:1995
4995:1994
4982:1993
4969:1992
4926:1991
4893:1990
4849:1989
4816:1988
4788:1987
4760:1986
4737:1983
4719:1982
4711:1981
4662:1979
4639:1976
4616:1975
4593:1974
4580:1973
4567:1970
4543:1969
4515:1968
4492:1967
4469:1966
4451:1965
4438:1964
4430:1963
4388:2015
4380:2014
4372:2011
4353:2009
4345:2008
4337:2005
4329:2004
4321:2003
4313:2000
4294:1999
4286:1998
4278:1997
4270:1996
4262:1995
4254:1994
4246:1992
4238:1991
4225:1990
4206:1988
4193:1987
4185:1986
4166:1964
4033:2024
3977:2022
3936:2020
3852:2019
3791:2017
3730:2015
3674:2013
3608:2011
3524:2009
3468:2007
3407:2005
3336:2003
3295:2002
3219:2001
3113:2000
2974:1998
2908:1996
2807:1995
2671:1994
2485:1993
2469:1991
2438:1990
2379:1988
2353:1986
2332:1984
2311:1983
2290:1982
2269:1981
2215:1979
2189:1976
2078:1973
1392:2009
1370:2009
1348:2009
1326:2009
1266:link
1252:2017
1205:2023
1180:2011
1155:2019
1098:2019
1070:ISBN
1053:2019
1037:2019
997:PMID
989:ISSN
941:2019
901:2019
871:PMID
834:PMID
797:PMID
723:PMID
688:PMID
670:Cell
645:PMID
602:PMID
565:PMID
484:and
72:Died
43:Born
979:doi
967:505
863:doi
826:doi
822:343
787:doi
783:165
754:doi
713:doi
678:doi
674:156
635:doi
594:doi
582:340
555:doi
543:505
361:NIH
7867::
2010:/
2006:/
1996:/
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