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machines decorated in similar colours or with similar motifs but generally personal preference seems to have been prevalent. More than one pilot (on both sides) recorded that the contrast with the plain khaki of RFC fighters was helpful in rapidly distinguishing friend from foe in the hurly-burly of a dogfight and might have aided the accreditation of air victories claimed by individual German pilots.
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soon adopted the fashion until few fighters flew in the manufacturers' finish, their fuselages in particular at least sporting the pilot's monogram or perhaps his favourite colour(s), even if the wings (as was often the case) remained in camouflage. A squadron theme was sometimes followed, with
345:
concentrated on hindering the work of the Allied two-seater corps reconnaissance and bombing squadrons. Offensive incursions by fighters any distance behind Allied lines were avoided, as were mass confrontations with large allied fighter formations, on the grounds that such operations risked
267:
A target was set to establish 37 new squadrons in the next 12 months, equipped with up-to-date single-seat fighters and manned by specially selected and trained pilots, to counter the successes of the Allied fighter squadrons operated by the RFC and the French
290:
fighters, that created the German air superiority of the first half of 1917. Boelcke was killed in an aerial collision on 28 October but his tactics, especially formation flying and a combination of aggression and prudence known as the
418:
German aircraft left the factory in a standard finish, although this differed from one manufacturer to another. Clear varnish on fabric and wooden surfaces had changed by 1916 to various camouflage schemes. In the
651:
unit were used offensively but units undertaking strategic bombing, long range reconnaissance and ground support of German ground units, especially during offensives, were expected to operate without fighter
260:(German Air Service) reflecting a far greater degree of autonomy, although it remained an integral part of the army and acquired a far greater number and variety of specialist units, including
55:
50 - mid to late 1917. The subdued staffel scheme of black and white stripes and chevrons can be seen on the fuselage and tailplanes of most machines, which are otherwise in factory finish.
365:
in particular were associated for organisational and supply purposes with the (theoretically independent) Bavarian army, which did not add to overall efficiency in these departments.
322:
and still regarded as the most disastrous period in the history of
British military aviation). This ascendancy was not to last, as new allied fighters (most famously, the
380:(Fighter Wing and Fighter Group). These units were moved from one section of the front to another as the tactical situation demanded. The most famous of these units was
206:(aerial guard service) units, consisting only of fighters. This process was by no means universally welcomed, nor did it bring immediate success. By April 1916, the
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334:) were already starting to come into service, all of which more than matched the last of the Albatros fighters to see squadron service, the disappointing
361:(eventually about 67 of them) were considered to be Prussian while other such units were associated with Bavaria, Saxony and Württemberg. The Bavarian
491:
137:. At this period their function was seen almost entirely as "protection" for the reconnaissance missions which were the primary duty of the
427:
11, Richthofen celebrated by painting his
Albatros red and the squadron followed suit, painting at least part of their machines red. Other
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357:
rapidly established the status of their squadrons as elite units, which became associated with the kingdoms of the German Empire. Most
41:
182:, single-seat battle unit) formations. Fighter aircraft already in service and their pilots were detached from the general-purpose
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Above The Lines: The Aces and
Fighter Units of the German Air Service, Naval Air Service and Flanders Marine Corps, 1914–1918
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this gave way to a riot of colour, as pilots repainted their machines as they pleased. In
January 1917, when he took over
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272:. Boelcke, the leading fighter pilot of the day, was called on to organise the manning, equipment and training of
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402:, most of them equipped with Albatros D.Vs. A long overdue re-equipment with new types began, most notably the
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By the end of the spring of 1915, the first German fighter aircraft were being issued in small numbers to the
126:
Field Flyer
Detachments). The first specialist bombing and close support units began forming during 1915. The
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4, 6, 10 and 11, commanded by
Richthofen until he was killed, many of which flew the supremely manoeuvrable
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To obtain a local and temporary air superiority, larger fighter units were established, composed of several
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units and brought together in pairs and quartets at important locations. Such units were formed at
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In
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fighters but it was to be almost a year before the first specialist fighter units joined the
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was equipped with a motley collection of fighters, including early Fokker and
Halberstadt
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Jasta War
Chronology: A Complete Listing of Claims and Losses, August 1916–November 1918
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32:"Jasta" redirects here. For the lead singer of heavy metal band Hatebreed, see
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had established air superiority on the
Western Front (known since as
264:(hunting squadrons), the first German single-seater fighter units.
115:, which had been established in 1912 as the aviation service of the
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Publicity for successful German fighter pilots and the cult of the
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were subordinate to the Army command to which they were attached.
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Franks, Norman; Bailey, Frank W. & Guest, Russell F. (1991).
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which was to become the model for these new squadrons. Initially
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triplane from the autumn of 1917. By March 1918, there were 80
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types. In September, the squadron began to receive the first
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Reconnaissance & Bomber Aircraft of the 1914–1918 War
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had long gone and the Eindeckers were giving way to the
119:, was largely organised in small general purpose units (
450:
Halberstadt D II reportedly flown by Boelcke of Jasta 2
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fighter arm for the rest of the war. Several pilots of
238:
built up over the Western Front during the so-called
904:
Shacklady, Edward & Treadwell, Terry C. (2002).
406:, which for the first time since mid-1917, gave the
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trained by Boelcke, became fighter leaders, notably
242:and as a result of the superior performance of the
903:
170:Friedrich Stempel of units described variously as
765:
1495:
866:Lamberton, W. M. (1962). Cheesman, E. F. (ed.).
1509:Jastas of the Imperial German Army Air Service
112:Die Fliegertruppen des deutschen Kaiserreiches
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202:and other places along the Western Front as
210:established by the Eindecker pilots in the
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889:Aircraft Camouflage and Markings 1907–1954
804:Gray, Peter & Thetford, Owen (1970) .
413:
153:pioneered the aggressive use of the early
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410:equipment that matched their opponents'.
42:Justice Against Sponsors of Terrorism Act
40:. For the United States legislation, see
36:. For the solo album by Jamey Jasta, see
234:, during which the German side lost the
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46:
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51:A lineup of Albatros D.III fighters of
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806:German Aircraft of the First World War
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484:Fokker DR I of Josef Jacobs of Jasta 7
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734:Shacklady & Treadwell, 2002, p.97
519:Fokker DR I of Manfred von Richthofen
698:Gray & Thetford, pp. xxviii–xxix
63:An Albatros DIII wreck Flanders 1917
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991:Imperial German Army Air Service
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808:(2nd ed.). London: Putnam.
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222:D-series biplane fighters.
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891:. Letchworth: Harleyford.
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887:Robertson, Bruce (1957).
671:Gray & Thetford, p.ix
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230:In the aftermath of the
932:"Jagdstaffeln (Jastas)"
789:. London: Grub Street.
785:Franks, Norman (1998).
770:. London: Grub Street.
414:Personal colour schemes
295:, remained the core of
176:Kampfeinsitzer Kommando
27:German fighter squadron
1504:Aerial warfare tactics
500:Manfred von Richthofen
309:Manfred von Richthofen
270:Aéronautique Militaire
249:Aéronautique Militaire
122:Feldfliegerabteilungen
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246:(RFC) and the French
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908:. London: Cerberus.
350:could ill-afford.
117:Imperial German Army
680:Guttman, 2009, p. 9
467:, Hans von Hippel,
346:attrition that the
314:By April 1917, the
254:Battle of the Somme
109:Before April 1916,
752:Robertson pp.61–62
244:Royal Flying Corps
88:(squadron) of the
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815:978-0-370-00103-6
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568:Albatros D.Va of
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848:the original
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297:Jagdstaffel
252:during the
220:Halberstadt
99:World War I
70:Jagdstaffel
53:Jagdstaffel
34:Jamey Jasta
1498:Categories
872:Letchworth
660:References
105:Background
897:762271927
880:774660042
832:Relevance
551:Pippart,
1354:Bavarian
998:Prussian
942:22 March
844:34567862
628:Jasta 18
621:Jasta 15
614:Jasta 11
574:Jasta 79
553:Jasta 19
549:Leutnant
504:Jasta 11
336:D.V/D.Va
330:and the
192:Avillers
81:) was a
73:(plural
989:of the
857:May 26,
652:escort.
607:Jasta 5
599:Jasta 2
592:Jasta 1
582:Famous
469:Jasta 5
436:Gallery
398:in the
355:Air ace
305:Jasta 2
280:Jasta 2
275:Jasta 2
226:History
97:during
86:Staffel
83:fighter
987:Jastas
938:. 2015
912:
895:
878:
842:
812:
793:
774:
326:, the
324:S.E.5a
216:Fokker
196:Jametz
1415:Saxon
851:(PDF)
828:(PDF)
635:Notes
425:Jasta
200:Cunel
124:, FFA
79:Jasta
944:2017
910:ISBN
893:OCLC
876:OCLC
859:2014
840:OCLC
810:ISBN
791:ISBN
772:ISBN
376:and
341:The
218:and
188:Vaux
149:and
284:"D"
184:FFA
180:KEK
174:or
163:.
135:FFA
128:FFA
1500::
1483:84
1478:64
1473:47
1468:28
1452:72
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1432:24
1427:22
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1406:80
1401:79
1396:78
1391:77
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1381:35
1376:34
1371:32
1366:23
1361:16
1345:90
1340:89
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1325:86
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1315:83
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1305:81
1300:75
1295:74
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1100:25
1095:20
1090:19
1085:18
1080:17
1075:15
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1065:13
1060:12
1055:11
1050:10
934:.
870:.
836:18
834:.
830:.
572:,
502:,
338:.
311:.
198:,
194:,
190:,
145:,
101:.
67:A
1045:9
1040:8
1035:7
1030:6
1025:5
1020:4
1015:3
1010:2
1005:1
974:e
967:t
960:v
946:.
918:.
899:.
882:.
861:.
818:.
799:.
780:.
178:(
44:.
20:)
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