578:“As he was marching up an ascent, from the top of which they expected to have a view of the army and of the strength of the enemy, there met him by chance a train of mules loaded with parsley; which his soldiers conceived to be an ominous occurrence or ill-boding token, because this is the herb with which we not infrequently adorn the sepulchres of the dead; and there is a proverb derived from the custom, used of one who is dangerously sick, that he has need of nothing but parsley. So to ease their minds, and free them from any superstitious thoughts or forebodings of evil, Timoleon halted, and concluded an address suitable to the occasion, by saying, that a garland of triumph was here luckily brought them, and had fallen into their hands of its own accord, as an anticipation of victory: the same with which the Corinthians crown the victors in the Isthmian games, accounting chaplets of parsley the sacred wreath proper to their country; parsley being at that time still the emblem of victory at the Isthmian, as it is now at the Nemean sports; and it is not so very long ago that the pine first began to be used in its place.” “
159:
183:
Philip, their king, order that Greece shall be free from foreign garrisons, not subject to tribute, and shall live under her own customs and laws." Thereupon there was great shouting and rejoicing and a scene of rapturous tumult; and groups here and there called the herald back in order that he might repeat his words for them. They threw crowns and fillets upon the general and voted statues for him in their cities. They sent ambassadors with golden crowns to the
Capitol at Rome to express their gratitude, and inscribed themselves as allies of the Roman people. Such was the end of the second war between the Romans and Philip.
582:παροιμία τις ἐκ τούτου γέγονε, τὸν ἐπισφαλῶς νοσοῦντα δεῖσθαι (3.) τοῦ σελίνου. βουλόμενος οὖν αὐτοὺς ἀπαλλάξαι τῆς δεισιδαιμο‑ νίας καὶ τὴν δυσελπιστίαν ἀφελεῖν, ὁ Τιμολέων ἐπιστήσας τὴν πορείαν ἄλλα τε <πολλὰ> πρέποντα τῷ καιρῷ διελέχθη, καὶ τὸν στέφανον αὐτοῖς ἔφη πρὸ τῆς νίκης κομιζόμενον αὐτομάτως εἰς τὰς χεῖρας ἥκειν, ᾧπερ Κορίνθιοι στεφανοῦσι τοὺς Ἴσθμια νικῶντας, ἱερὸν καὶ πάτριον στέμμα (5) (4.) <τὸ> τοῦ σελίνου νομίζοντες. ἔτι γὰρ τότε τῶν Ἰσθμίων, ὥσπερ νῦν τῶν (5.) Νεμείων, τὸ σέλινον ἦν στέφανος, οὐ πάλαι δ’ ἡ πίτυς γέγονεν.
131:
The festival included athletic and musical competitions to honor the god
Poseidon, and was held in the spring of the second and fourth years of each Olympiad at Poseidon’s rural sanctuary on the Isthmus of Corinth, the small neck of land that connects the Peloponnesian peninsula with Central Greece.
182:
When he had arranged these things with them he went to the
Isthmian games, and, the stadium being full of people, he commanded silence by trumpet and directed the herald to make this proclamation, "The Roman people and Senate, and Flamininus, their general, having vanquished the Macedonians and
203:
mentions the continuation of cultic activities at the
Isthmus into the middle of the 4th century, and the games probably continued at least until the end of that century. The circumstances of their demise are unknown. Imperial pressure against pagan rituals was heightened at the end of the 4th
581:
26. (1.) Ἀναβαίνοντι δ’ αὐτῷ πρὸς λόφον, ὃν ὑπερβαλόντες ἔμελλον κατ‑ όψεσθαι τὸ στράτευμα καὶ τὴν δύναμιν τῶν πολεμίων, ἐμβάλλουσιν ἡμίονοι (2.) σέλινα κομίζοντες, καὶ τοῖς στρατιώταις εἰσῆλθε πονηρὸν εἶναι τὸ ση‑ μεῖον, ὅτι τὰ μνήματα τῶν νεκρῶν εἰώθαμεν ἐπιεικῶς στεφανοῦν σελί‑ νοις· καὶ
486:; the Isthmian Games in April/May of the second year of the Olympiad. The second year of the 49th Olympiad was from July/August 583 to July/August 582 BC. The date 582 BC is accepted by historically-derived documents, for instance,
856:
Aristomache, a poetess from
Erythraea, had won the prize at the Isthmian Games: … ὡς ἐν τῷ Σικυωνίων θησαυρῷ χρυσοῦν ἀνέκειτο βιβλίον Ἀριστομάχης ἀνάθημα τῆς Ἐρυθραίας ἐπικῷ … ποιήματι δὶς Ἴσθμια νενικηκυίας (Plutarch,
662:
the honours paid to
Athletes who were victorious in the games, fixing the prize for a victor at Olympia at five hundred drachmae, and for one who conquered at the Isthmian games at one hundred” (Diogenes Laërtius,
274:
Before the Games began, a truce was declared by
Corinth to grant athletes safe passage through Greece. In 412 BC, even though Athens and Corinth were at war, the Athenians were invited to the games as usual.
135:
This festival was open to all Greeks and the
Isthmian games were especially popular with Athenians, though the Eleans boycotted them. The Isthmian games were used by many as a forum for political propaganda.
684:). For comparison: the daily wage for a skilled worked was approximately 1 drachma. Victors in the Isthmian games were not included in those athletes that were entitled to free meals in the (
199:. Corinth was rebuilt by Caesar in 44 BC, and recovered ownership of the Games shortly thereafter, but they were then held in Corinth. They did not return to the Isthmus until AD 42 or 43.
328:. It is likely that Pindar already described this version of the origin of the games (in a fragment of the Isthian odes). For more information, see E.R. Gebhard & M.W. Dickie,
647:(638–558 BC) onwards, for he laid it down that “the victor in the Isthmian games was to be paid a hundred drachmas, and the Olympic victor five hundred” (Plutarch,
333:
255:
The commentator
Papagalos also records the first instance of οισοληνειν (oisoleven), an early form of snooker played with painted pottery balls
158:
108:
1001:
865:
970:
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106:. Theseus arranged with the Corinthians for any Athenian visitors to the Isthmian games to be granted the privilege of front seats (
672:
433:
143:'s time) the winners of the Isthmian games received a wreath of celery; later, the wreath was altered such that it consisted of
960:
946:
94:, expanded Melicertes' funeral games from a closed nightly rite into fully-fledged athletic-games event which was dedicated to
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558:“At the Isthmus the pine, and at Nemea celery became the prize to commemorate the sufferings of Palaemon and Archemorus.” (
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leaves and called
Isthmian pine (Ἰσθμικὴ πίτυς). Victors could also be honored with a statue or an
987:
325:
204:
century, but some polytheistic cult practices certainly continued at Corinth into the 6th century.
750:
631:
384:
139:
These were stephanitic games (i.e., with a crown as prize) and at least until the 5th century BC (
98:, open to all Greeks, and was at a suitable level of advancement and popularity to rival those in
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86:. In Roman times, Melicertes was worshipped in the region. Another likely later myth held that
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132:
Since it was easy to reach both from land and sea, the Isthmia was a natural meeting place.
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448:
166:
From 228 BC or 229 BC onwards the Romans were allowed to take part in the games. In 196 BC
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151:. Besides these prizes of honor, the city of Athens awarded victorious Athenians with 100
8:
778:
685:
795:
515:
431:
83:
39:
120:, tyrant of Corinth in the 7th century BC, returned to the Games their old splendour.
815:
Corinth, The First City of Greece: An Urban History of Late Antique Cult and Religion
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285:
31:
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681:
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437:
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used the occasion of the games to proclaim the freedom of the Greek states from
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35:
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Since the games' inception, Corinth had always been in control of them. When
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99:
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27:
776:
Kajava, Mika (2002). "When did the Isthmian Games return to the Isthmus?".
188:
46:, the Isthmian Games were held both the year before and the year after the
43:
242:
350:“… the Isthmia lament Melicertes …” (… Μελικέρτην ὀδύρεται τὰ Ἴσθμια …:
994:
922:
230:
217:
71:
482:). The 49th Olympiad began in 584 BC. The Olympic Games took place in
467:
According to Solinus, the Isthmian Games were constituted in the 49th
195:
in 146 BC, the Isthmian games continued, but were now administered by
236:
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82:, who discovered the dead body and buried it subsequently on the
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Flamininus restoring Liberty to Greece at the Isthmian Games.
906:”ἐς ὃ Ἰσθμικὰς σπονδὰς Κορινθίων ἐπαγγειλάντων” (Pausanias,
144:
954:
266:
won wrestling, boxing and pankration on the same day.
212:
The games were the same as those in Olympia including
220:, and horse racing. Among other competitions were:
58:were held in the third year of the Olympiad cycle.
1005:. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). pp. 443–446.
1011:
331:Melikertes-Palaimon, Hero of the Isthmian Games
128:The first Isthmian Games were held in 582 BC.
603:Oscar Broneer, ‘The Isthmian victory crown’,
66:The Games were reputed to have originated as
245:, in which women were allowed to compete.
157:
74:(also known as Palaemon), instituted by
812:
116:προεδρία). Another version states that
1012:
775:
992:
505:
634:. None of the statues have survived.
42:, where they were held. As with the
50:(the second and fourth years of an
13:
291:Category:Ancient Isthmian athletes
16:Panhellenic game of Ancient Greece
14:
1046:
940:
859:Symposiacs/Quaestiones convivales
829:Corinth: The First City of Greece
269:
258:
1025:Ancient Greek athletic festivals
928:History of the Peloponnesian War
817:. Leiden: Brill. pp. 84–86.
78:, legendary founder and king of
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243:Musical and poetical contests
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7:
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38:, and were named after the
10:
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357:Preparation for the Gospel
168:Titus Quinctius Flamininus
30:: Ἴσθμια) were one of the
831:(Brill, 2000), pp. 86–87.
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996:"Games, Classical"
520:: CS1 maint: location (
296:
102:, which were founded by
1002:Encyclopædia Britannica
993:Storr, Francis (1911).
734:"Appian, Roman History"
174:hegemony. According to
980:Perseus Site Catalog:
971:University of Chicago
607:66 (1962), pp.259–263.
264:Kleitomachos of Thebes
185:
163:
908:Description of Greece
892:Description of Greece
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665:Lives of Philosophers
629:Description of Greece
564:Description of Greece
508:Description of Greece
436:June 1, 2007, at the
378:Description of Greece
319:Description of Greece
189:Corinth was destroyed
180:
161:
827:Richard M. Rothaus,
477:Wonders of the World
453:Wonders of the World
308:Pseudo-Apollodorus,
90:, legendary king of
779:Classical Philology
881:1 Corinthians 9:26
868:2016-01-05 at the
802:– via JSTOR.
675:2010-09-02 at the
336:2007-03-10 at the
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68:funeral games
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28:Ancient Greek
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124:Organization
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65:
44:Nemean Games
23:
19:
18:
973:Excavations
951:of Poseidon
890:Pausanias,
840:Pausanias,
786:: 168–178.
762:Pausanias,
746:Pausanias,
627:Pausanias,
506:Pausanias.
484:July/August
376:Pausanias,
311:Bibliotheca
251:, men only.
1014:Categories
975:at Isthmia
965:of Isthmia
923:Thucydides
697:Polybius,
660:diminished
415:Plutarch,
239:, men only
233:, men only
231:Pankration
227:, men only
218:pancration
172:Macedonian
72:Melicertes
949:Sanctuary
861:675b7–10
800:161303253
718:Histories
699:Histories
658:, Solon “
560:Pausanias
537:σέλινον:
516:cite book
237:Wrestling
214:wrestling
109:prohedria
866:Archived
714:Polybius
686:IG I 131
673:Archived
469:Olympiad
434:Archived
397:Plutarch
367:2.34.1).
352:Eusebius
334:Archived
279:See also
208:Contests
201:Libanius
153:drachmas
118:Kypselos
104:Heracles
96:Poseidon
76:Sisyphus
52:Olympiad
982:Isthmia
953:at the
494:Isthmia
492:(under
473:Solinus
449:Solinus
191:by the
100:Olympia
88:Theseus
84:Isthmus
80:Corinth
24:Isthmia
963:Museum
895:6.15.3
798:
766:2.1.2.
702:2.12.8
667:1.55:
567:8.48.2
539:Pindar
420:25.4–5
404:25.4–5
326:1.44.8
249:Boxing
197:Sicyon
193:Romans
176:Appian
141:Pindar
92:Athens
62:Origin
911:5.2.1
845:5.2.4
796:S2CID
751:2.2.1
721:18.46
682:Greek
670:Solon
645:Solon
643:From
632:2.1.7
601:Todo:
385:2.2.1
381:2.1.3
322:2.1.3
315:3.4.3
297:Notes
947:The
932:8.10
652:23.3
547:8.64
543:2.16
522:link
480:7.14
456:7.14
284:The
145:pine
70:for
863:5.2
788:doi
361:2.6
149:ode
34:of
22:or
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