Isma'ilism - Knowledge

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hangs on the back like the hood of a jacket but it is not used to conceal the face. This is representative of the Dawoodi Bohra community's values of equality and justice for women, which they believe, is a tenet of the Fatimid Imamate's evolved understanding of Islam and the true meaning of women's chastity in Islam. The Dawoodi Bohra community also do not prevent their women from coming to mosques, attending religious gatherings or going to places of pilgrimage. It is often regarded as the most peaceful sect of Islam and an example of true Sufism; it has been critically acclaimed on several occasions even by Western governments such as those of the United Kingdom, Germany, Sweden, and particularly the United States for its progressive outlook towards gender roles, adoption of technology, promotion of literature, crafts, business and secular values. However, the Dawoodi Bohras are highly single-minded about inter-caste or inter-faith marriage. They do not oppose it but do not encourage it either. If a Dawoodi Bohra member does marry into another caste or religion, he or she is usually advised to ask his or her spouse to convert to Islam and, specifically, into the community.

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limited to elementary literacy. To ensure girls had access to education, there was a minimum marriageable age instituted (for both boys and girls) and child marriage was banned. Moreover, marriage against the will of the bride was outlawed as brides were to sign their marriage contracts according to their choice. Other reforms in marriage laws included decisions on polygamy and divorce. In 1905, polygamy was permitted with the condition of the "maintenance of the first wife" and later that was changed to only be allowed for specific reasons. In 1962, polygamy was outlawed within the Nizari Ismaili community. Women were allowed to divorce their husbands and for a husband to divorce his wife, he was required to stand before a council which ultimately decided whether the divorce was granted or denied. Additionally, Aga Khan III took efforts to eliminate and mitigate the stigma around divorces and divorced women.

4360:). These positions are followed by the rank of ra'sul hudood, bhaisaheb, miya-saheb, shaikh-saheb, and mulla-saheb, which are held by several of Bohras. The 'Aamil or Saheb-e Raza who is granted the permission to perform the religious ceremonies of the believers by the Dāʻī al-Mutlaq and also leads the local congregation in religious, social, and community affairs, is sent to each town where a sizable population of believers exists. Such towns normally have a masjid (commonly known as a mosque) and an adjoining jamaa'at-khaana (assembly hall) where socio-religious functions are held. The local organizations which manage these properties and administer the social and religious activities of the local Bohras report directly to the central administration of the Dāʻī al-Mutlaq. 3201:, and the Nizari sources do not go into specific details. Since very few contemporary Nizari Ismaili accounts of the events have survived, and it is likely that scholars will never know the exact details of this event. However, there was no total abrogation of all law; only certain exoteric rituals like the Salah/Namaz, Fasting in Ramadan, Hajj to Makkah, and facing Makkah in prayer were abrogated; however, the Nizaris continued to perform rituals of worship, except these rituals were more esoteric and spiritually oriented. For example, the true prayer is to remember God at every moment; true fasting is to keep all of the body's organs away from whatever is unethical and forbidden. Ethical conduct is enjoined at all times. 334: 5721: 178: 3120:

daggers were used to kill, and sometimes as a warning, a knife would be placed on the pillow of a Sunni, who understood the message to mean that he was marked for death. When an assassination was actually carried out, the Hashasheen would not be allowed to run away; instead, to strike further fear into the enemy, they would stand near the victim without showing any emotion and departed only when the body was discovered. This further increased the ruthless reputation of the Hashasheen throughout Sunni-controlled lands.

2406: 3494: 4046:, considering it instead to metaphorically mean visiting the Imam himself, that being the greatest and most spiritual of all pilgrimages. Since the Druze do not follow shariah, they do not believe in a literal pilgrimage to the Kaaba in Mecca as other Muslims do, while the Mustaali (Bohras) still hold on to the literal meaning as well, performing hajj to the Ka'aba and also visiting the Imam (or in a secluded time, the Dai, who is the representative or vicegerent of the Imam) to be Hajj-e Haqiqi. 2793:. Born in 985, he ascended as ruler at the age of eleven. A religious group that began forming in his lifetime broke off from mainstream Ismailism and refused to acknowledge his successor. Later to be known as the Druze, they believe Al-Hakim to be the manifestation of God and the prophesied Mahdi, who would one day return and bring justice to the world. The faith further split from Ismailism as it developed unique doctrines which often class it separately from both Ismailism and Islam. 4172:

his father's early death, so his mother, Lady Ali Shah, played an influential role during his early years. The influence of women during his rule continued in his later years with his wife Umm Habiba. Imam Aga Khan III ruled from 1885 to 1957 and the current 49th Imam, his grandson, Imam Aga Khan IV commenced his rule in 1957. A majority of Aga Khan III's efforts sought to reform Ismaili marriage contract laws which have significantly impacted women within the Nizari Ismaili community.

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their leader and are known more commonly as Imam-Shahi. There are villages in Gujarat which are totally 'Satpanthi' such as Pirana near Ahmedabad where Imam Shah is buried. It is also the older form of Nizari Ismaili practice originating from the Kutch community of Gujarat. Pir Sadardin gave the first converts to Ismailism the name 'Satpanth' because they were the followers of the 'True Path.' They were then given the title of Khoja to replace their title of Thakkar.

2904:, a queen in Yemen. She was promoted to the post of hujjah long before by Imām Mustansir at the death of her husband. She ran the da'wat from Yemen in the name of Imaam Tayyib. She was instructed and prepared by Imam Mustansir and ran the dawat from Yemen in the name of Imaam Tayyib, following Imams for the second period of Satr. It was going to be on her hands, that Imam Tayyib would go into seclusion, and she would institute the office of the Da'i al-Mutlaq. 16349: 1228: 9833: 2720: 47: 16338: 1163: 1759: 4099:(following every order without protest, but with one's soul's happiness, knowing that nothing is more important than a command from God and that the command of His vicegerents is His Word). In Ismāʿīlī doctrine, God is the true desire of every soul, and he manifests himself in the forms of Prophets and Imāms; to be guided to his path, one requires a messenger or a guide: a Dai. For the true 4656:

the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, UAE and Europe. Like majority of Bohra communities, ʻAlavi Bohras are mostly traders and dominate the optical and furniture market in Vadodara. They are now increasingly venturing into professions such as law, medicine, engineering, business management, computer sciences. Beings Ismaʻili-Taiyebis they follow strictly

4341: 2643: 3621:). Therefore, on one hand, Muhammad constructed the verbal form of the Quran, and, on the other hand, through his existence, he embodied the living and speaking Quran: "The cause of all existents is only the Word of God, ... he Speaker Prophet is found to be a receptacle for the Word of God in the corporeal world and is designated by its names". As such, 3964:' or to 'bind' (Latin: Intellectus). It is through this Universal Intellect ('aql al-kull) that all living and non-living entities know God, and all of humanity is dependent and united in this light. Contrastingly, in Twelver thought this includes the Prophets as well, especially Muhammad, who is the greatest of all the manifestations of 'Aql. 4035:

activities which may detract from this goal. In particular, Isma'ilis believe that the esoteric meaning of fasting involves a "fasting of the soul", whereby they attempt to purify the soul simply by avoiding sinful acts and doing good deeds. In addition, the Nizari also fast on "Shukravari Beej" which falls on a Friday that coincides with the

3101:. Over the next two years, he converted most of the surrounding villages to Isma'ilism. Afterward, he converted most of the staff to Ismailism, took over the fortress, and presented Alamut's king with payment for his fortress, which he had no choice but to accept. The king reluctantly abdicated his throne, and Hassan-i Sabbah turned 2275:

your opinion and we are in the palm of your right hand." The early followers of Ali seem to have taken his guidance as "right guidance" deriving from Divine support. In other words, Ali's guidance was seen to be the expression of God's will and the Quranic message. This spiritual and absolute authority of Ali was known as

5044:, the 49th Imam of the Nizari Ismailis, was invited to issue a religious edict for and on behalf of the Ismailis, which he did by a letter explicitly stating that the Ismailis adhered to the Ja'fari school as well as other schools of close affinity including the Sufi principles concerned with a personal search for God. 3193:'s polemical aims, and the fact that he burned the Isma'ili libraries which may have offered much more reliable testimony about the history, scholars have been dubious about his narrative but are forced to rely on it given the absence of alternative sources. Fortunately, descriptions of this event are also preserved in 2574:

Likewise is the book an important source of information regarding the various movements within tenth-century Shīa leading to the spread of the Fatimid-Isma'ili da'wa throughout the medieval Islamicate world and the religious and philosophical history of post-Fatimid Musta'li branch of Isma'ilism in Yemen and India.

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majority countries, is often in contrast to the Ismaili reforms and so residents of these countries must adhere to the country's rules and regulations. The situation of Ismaili women depends on factors including their government and its laws, economic ability, resource availability, and global conditions.

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Currently, ʻAlavi Bohras are a close-knit organized community numbering approximately 8000, with the majority of them settled in Vadodara, where they have their own locality. They have their own masjids and musafirkhanas in places like Mumbai, Surat, Ahmedabad, Nadiad in India. Some have migrated to

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A discrepancy exists between the rights offered to women through these reforms and the actual realization of the practice of those rights. Cultural norms and views continue to guide many members of the community who criticize the reforms as being influenced from western values. The Aga Khan responded

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In effect, marriage would no longer be imposed on women due to economic necessity. The Aga Khan III realized that education was at the forefront of this reform and encouraged parents who only had enough money to send one child to school to send their daughters. And this advocacy for education was not

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The Aga Khan also played a pivotal role in promoting women's participation in the affairs of the Ismaili community. He criticized practices such as veiling, gender segregation, and the acts of Pardah (masking oneself from the public) and zenana (restraint on women from leaving the home). In addition,

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The Nizari Ismaili Imams (known as the Aga Khans since the 18th century have used their power to institute reforms that affected personal lives of men and women in the community. Aga Khan III, the 48th Nizari Ismaili Imam, was passionate in this movement. He came into his role at an early age, due to

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or charity in Isma'ilism resembles the Zakat of other Muslims. Along with zakat, Isma'ilis pay a tithe, a percentage of their asset to the Ismaili Imamate for use in development projects in the eastern world, to benefit Isma'ilis and have grown beyond that mission to encompass projects in areas where

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Just as the Imām is seen by Ismailis as the manifestation of the first-created Light, during the period between the Imāmates of Muhammad ibn Ismail and al-Madhi Billah, the relationship between the teacher and the student became a sacred one, and Dai became a position much beyond a normal missionary.

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Even some of Ali's early followers regarded him as "an absolute and divinely guided leader", whose demands of his followers were "the same kind of loyalty that would have been expected for the Prophet". For example, one of Ali's supporters who also was devoted to Muhammad said to him: "our opinion is

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Satpanth is a subgroup of Nizari Ismailism and Ismaili Sufism formed by conversions from Hinduism 700 years ago by Pir Sadardin (1290–1367) and 600 years ago in the 15th century by his grandson Pir Imam Shah (1430–1520), they differ slightly from the Nizari Khojas in that they reject the Aga Khan as

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The Natiq and the Wasi are in turn succeeded by a line of seven Imāms, who guard what they received. The seventh and last Imām in any period becomes the Natiq of the next period. The last Imām of the sixth period, however, would not bring about a new religion of law but rather supersede all previous

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is being published in 7 volumes of annotated Arabic critical editions as part of an institutional collaboration between the Institut Français du Proche Orient (IFPO) in Damascus and The Institute of Ismaili Studies (IIS) in London. This voluminous text has been critically edited based on several old

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are also Nizaris. However, due to their isolation from the rest of the world, Islam reached the Hunza about 350 years ago. Ismailism has been practiced by the Hunza for the last 300 years. The Hunza have been ruled by the same family of kings for over 900 years. They were called Kanjuts. Sunni Islam

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in 1056 CE. His family later relocated to the city of Tehran, which was an area with an extremely active Isma'ili Da'wah. He immersed himself in Ismāʿīlī thought; however, he did not choose to convert until he was overcome with an almost fatal illness and feared dying without knowing the Imām of his

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due to it often being in color and decorated with patterns and lace. The rida's difference from the burqa, however, is significant beyond just the colour, pattern, and lace. The rida does not call for covering of women's faces like the traditional veil. It has a flap called the 'pardi' that usually

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Muḥammad d. 1310, the 28th Qasim-Shahi Imam, named ʻAlāʼ ad-Dīn Mumin Shāh d. 1337 (26th Imam of the Muhammad-Shahi or Mumini Nizari Ismailis) and his son Muhammad Shah d 1404, the twenty-seventh Imam. They follow this line of Imams until the disappearance of the 40th Imam al-Amir Muhammad al-Baqir

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Additional barriers to practice of reforms include the fact that the councils implementing the forms are often majority male who may still adhere to patriarchal norms. The laws of the countries in which Ismaili women reside also impact the implementation of reforms. Sharia law, common in most Sunni

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The Da'i was not a missionary in the typical sense, and he was responsible for both the conversion of his student as well as the mental and spiritual well-being. The Da'i was a guide and light to the Imam. The teacher-student relationship of the Da'i and his student was much like the one that would

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There is also a historical dispute as to whether Imam Qasim Shah was a brother or a paternal uncle to ʻAlāʼ ad-Dīn Mumin Shāh. The most famous Imam of this line of Nizari Imams was Shah Tahir bin Radi al-Din II al-Husayni ad-Dakkani, the 31st Imam who died in 1549. He was famous for converting the

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literature, documenting important aspects of the development of the Isma'ili da'wa in tenth-century Yemen. The book is also of considerable historical value for modern scholars of Arabic prose literature as well as those interested in the relationship of esoteric Shia with early Islamic mysticism.

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by 32nd daʼi, acting on the will of 31st daʼi (except for a brief interlude in Surat for 20 years 1158–1178 AH/1745–1764 CE). Since then Vadodara remains the headquarters of the ʻAlavis to this day. The ʻAlavi Bohras have a library of 450 Ismaʻili manuscripts, some up to 500 years old, at their

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They believe that straying away from the community implies straying away from Ma'ad – the ultimate objective of this life and the meaning of the teachings of Islam, which is to return to where all souls come from and re-unite with Allah. Besides, converting someone to Islam has high spiritual and

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The Isma'ili view of revelation also influences their perception of the meaning of the Quran. In this view, the Quran and prophetic guidance (Hadith) are encoded in symbols in parables that preserve a superior level of meaning. As such, the literal interpretation of the Quran is only the "outward

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After the imprisonment of Nizar by his younger brother Ahmad al Mustaali, various sources indicate that Nizar's son Ali Al-Hadi ibn Nizari survived and fled to Alamut. He was offered a safe place in Alamut, where Hassan-Al-Sabbah welcomed him. However, it is believed this was not announced to the

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The political asceticism practiced by the Imāms during the period after Muhammad ibn Ismail was to be short-lived and finally concluded with the Imāmate of Abdullah al-Mahdi Billah, who was born in 873. After decades of Ismāʿīlīs believing that Muhammad ibn Ismail was in the Occultation and would

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sects are the most traditional of the three main groups of Ismāʿīlī, maintaining rituals such as prayer and fasting more consistently with the practices of other Shia sects. It is often said that they resemble Sunni Islam even more than Twelvers do, though this would hold true for matters of the

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the Ismaili community from various parts of the world worshipped jointly, often in multiple languages. This has led to a general absence of racial segregation. Women play are actively engaged in all aspects of ritual practice, reflecting the inclusive and egalitarian values espoused by the Imam.

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and at other times, the Nizari and Musta'ali sects believe in a metaphorical instead of literal meaning of fasting. The literal meaning is that one must fast as an obligation, such as during Ramadan, and the metaphorical meaning is seeking to attain the Divine Truth and striving to avoid worldly

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After the 27th Da'i, Syedna Dawood bin Qutub Shah, there was another split; the ones following Syedna Dawood came to be called Dawoodi Bohra, and followers of Suleman were then called Sulaimani. Dawoodi Bohra's present Da'i al Mutlaq, the 53rd, is Syedna Mufaddal Saifuddin, and he and his devout

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Regardless of these defeats, the Kharijites survived and became a violently problematic group in Islamic history. After plotting assassinations against Ali, Mu'awiya, and the arbitrator of their conflict, a Kharijite successfully assassinated Ali in 661 CE. The Imāmate then passed on to his son

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Surrounded by the Abbasids and other hostile powers and low in numbers, Hassan-i Sabbah devised a way to attack the Isma'ili enemies with minimal losses. Using the method of assassination, he ordered the murders of Sunni scholars and politicians who he felt threatened the Isma'ilis. Knives and

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While on one view there is a historical nexus between the Druze and Ismāʿīlīs, any such links are purely historical and do not entail any modern similarities, given that one of the Druze's central tenets is trans-migration of the soul (reincarnation) as well as other contrasting beliefs with

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The Entrusted Imam is an Imam in the full sense except that the lineage of the Imamate must continue through the Permanent Imam. However, the political Caliphate was soon taken over by Mu'awiya, the only leader in the empire at that time with an army large enough to seize control.

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The ordinary Bohra is highly conscious of his identity, and this is especially demonstrated at religious and traditional occasions by the appearance and attire of the participants. Dawoodi Bohra men wear a traditional white three-piece outfit, plus a white and gold cap (called a

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Ismāʿīlīsm and Islam. Druze is an offshoot of Ismailism. Many historical links do trace back to Syria and particularly Masyaf. The Druze faith is often classified as a branch of Isma'ili; although according to various scholars Druze faith "diverge substantially from Islam, both

2188:(blood for blood) from the people responsible for Uthman's death. Ali voted against it, as he believed that the situation at the time demanded a peaceful resolution of the matter. Though both parties could rightfully defend their claims, due to escalated misunderstandings, the 4184:"I do not want Ismaili women dependent on anyone—their parents, husbands, or anyone except God...I have no doubt that the whole spirit and teaching of my ancestor the Holy Prophet encouraged the evolution of all legitimate freedom and legitimate equality before men and women". 3154: 3348:

through their own descendants. Their leadership is based on community scholars, who are the only individuals allowed to read their holy texts. There is controversy over whether this group falls under the classification of Isma'ilism or Islam because of its unique beliefs.

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Ismāʿīlīs believe numbers have religious meanings. The number seven plays a general role in the theology of the Ismā'īliyya, including mystical speculations that there are seven heavens, seven continents, seven orifices in the skull, seven days in a week, and so forth.

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in 1197 AD, then they shifted their da'wat to India under the Da'i al-Mutlaq, working on behalf of their last Imam, Taiyyab, and are known as Bohra. From India, various groups spread mainly to south Asia and eventually to the Middle East, Europe, Africa, and America.

4985:, called for tolerance and unity in the Muslim world. Subsequently, the "Amman Message" Conference took place in Amman, Jordan on 4–6 July 2005, and a three-point declaration was issued by 200 Muslim academics from over 50 countries focusing on the three issues of: 2680:

in North Africa and a number of other victories, al-Mahdi Billah successfully established a Shia political state ruled by the Imāmate in 910. This was the only time in history where the Shia Imamate and Caliphate were united after the first Imam, Ali ibn Abi Talib.

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While they appear parallel to those of normative Islam, in the Druze religion they are different in meaning and interpretation. The religion is considered distinct from the Ismaili as well as from other Muslims belief and practice... Most Druze do not identify as

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The Nizari Isma'ili, however, do not mourn this in the same way because of the belief that the light of the Imam never dies but rather passes on to the succeeding Imām, making mourning arbitrary. However, during commemoration they do not have any celebrations in

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Dai passed on the sacred and hidden knowledge of the Imām to the student, who could then use that information to ascend to higher levels. First, the student loved Dai, and from the Dai, he learned to love the Imām, who was but an interceder on behalf of God. In

3731:(Quran) and prophetic guidance (Hadith) by reanalyzing them in the context of new circumstances, while retaining the underlying principled spirit, and help guide "spiritual adepts" to the divine truths by disclosing their inner meanings through the spiritual 4216:"While the words of the Koran remain the same, every generation, every century, every period must have a new and different interpretation of the past, otherwise Islam will die and will not survive the competition of some healthy less rigid competitors". 2560:. The student desired God, and the Da'i could bring him to God by making him recognize the Imam, who possesses the knowledge of the Oneness of God. The Da'i and Imam were respectively the spiritual mother and spiritual father of the Isma'ili believers. 2547:

and that he would one day return. A small group traced the Imamate among Muhammad ibn Isma'il's lineal descendants. With the status and location of the Imams not known to the community, the concealed Isma'ili Imams began to propagate the faith through

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manuscripts from The Institute of Ismaili Studies' vast collection. These academic editions have been prepared by a team of Syrian and Egyptian scholars, including Dr Ayman F Sayyid, and this major publication project has been coordinated by Dr

1987:, whom they see as "the final Prophet and Messenger of God to all humanity". The Isma'ili and the Twelvers both accept the same six initial Imams; the Isma'ili accept Isma'il ibn Jafar as the seventh Imam. Isma'ili thought is heavily influenced by 4197:"I am trying to guide our young women's lives into entirely new channels. I want to see them able to earn their livings in trades and professions, so that they are not economically dependent on marriage, nor a burden on their fathers and brother 4379:

knowledge, and as a result, the number of professionals in the community is rapidly increasing. Dawoodi Bohras believe that the education of women is equally important as that of men, and many Dawoodi Bohra women choose to enter the workforce.

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religious significance as doctrines espouse that making someone a Muslim or Mu'min confers the Sawab (the reward of good deeds) equivalent to that of 40 Hajjs and 40 Umrahs (visiting Mecca and the Kaaba during days other than that of Hajj).

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Adis Duderija, "Evolution in the Concept of Sunnah during the First Four Generations of Muslims in Relation to the Development of the Concept of an Authentic Ḥadīth as based on Recent Western Scholarship", Arab Law Quarterly 26 (2012)

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In addition, there are several quasi-Muslim sects, in that, although they follow many of the beliefs and practices of orthodox Islam, the majority of Sunnis consider them heretical. These would be the Ahmadiyya, Druze, Ibadi, and the

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Druze who survive as a small minority in Syria, Lebanon, Israel, and Jordan (their estimated number in these countries totaled around one million in the beginning of the 21st century) diverge substantially from Islam, both Sunni and

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and Ali wished to defeat their forces before they reached the cities, where they would be able to blend in with the rest of the population. While he was unable to do this, he nonetheless defeated their forces in subsequent battles.

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went into occultation and appointed a Da'i al-Mutlaq to guide the community, in a similar manner as the Isma'ili had lived after the death of Muhammad ibn Isma'il. The latter claimed that the ruling Fatimid caliph was the Imām.

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Aga Khan III believed economic independence was key to achieving this equality and freedom. By becoming educated and earning their own livelihood, women would no longer be a burden on their parents or spouses. He proclaimed:

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views that it is an everlasting nonverbal attribute contained in God’s essence. Even so, the Isma'ilis agree with most other Islamic schools of thought that the Quran is a miracle that is beyond imitation and without equal

9284: 4643:(d. 1046 AH/1637 CE). They are named after this ʻAli, calling themselves ʻAlavis, and their mission ad-Daʼwat ul-Haadiyat ul-ʻAlaviyah. Three daʼis later, in 1110 AH/1699 CE, the seat of the ʻAlavi Daʼwat was moved from 2673:

return to bring an age of justice, al-Mahdi taught that the Imāms had not been literally secluded, but rather had remained hidden to protect themselves and had been organizing the Da'i, and even acted as Da'i themselves.

2375:. His family was starved and deprived of water and supplies, until eventually the army came in on the tenth day and martyred Husayn and his companions, and enslaved the rest of the women and family, taking them to Kufa. 3197:’s narrative and recounted in the Haft Bab Baba-yi Sayyidna, written 60 years after the event, and the later Haft Bab-i Abi Ishaq, an Ismaili book of the 15th century AD. However, Rashid al-Din's narrative is based on 2505:, who at one point was appointed by his father as the next Imam, appeared to have predeceased his father in 755. While Twelvers argue that either he was never heir apparent or he truly predeceased his father and hence 3567:) that constituted the divine nonverbal revelation (through the medium of archangel Gabriel), and Muhammad, then, expressed the divine truths contained within this transmission in the Arabic terms that constitute the 2509:

was the true heir to the Imamate, the Ismāʿīlīs argue that either the death of Ismaʻil was staged in order to protect him from Abbasid persecution or that the Imamate passed to Muhammad ibn Ismaʻil in lineal descent.

3743:) to the community during their own time. As a consequence, the Isma'ili Imam acts as the "speaking Quran", while the Arabic Quran, in its written or recitative form, is consigned the position of the "silent Quran". 10497:

ad-Da'wat ul-Haadiyat ul-'Alaviyah is the Spiritual Seat, Divine Mission and Heavenly Call of Da'i of Alavi Bohras linked to the first Prophet of Islam, Maulaana Adam and the First Creation of Allaah, the Intellect

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The Isma'ilis believe that besides prophets, God's Speech also illuminates the souls of the Legatees and Imams, through the medium of the Holy Spirit, which allows them to perform many of the spiritual functions of

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Very early in the empire's life, the Fatimids sought to spread the Isma'ili faith, which in turn would spread loyalty to the Imamate in Egypt. One of their earliest attempts was taken by a missionary by the name of

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Dawoodi Bohras is headed by the Dāʻī al-Mutlaq, who is appointed by his predecessor in office. The Dāʻī al-Mutlaq appoints two others to the subsidiary ranks of māzūn (Arabic Maʾḏūn مأذون) "licentiate" and Mukāsir

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God, in Ismaʻili metaphysics, is seen as above and beyond all conceptions, names, and descriptions. He transcends all positive and negative qualities, and knowledge of God as such is above all human comprehension.

10066:

Khalil Andani, "Reconciling Religion and Philosophy: Nāṣir-i Khusraw’s Jāmiʿ al-ḥikmatayn". El-Rouayheb, Khaled, and Sabine Schmidtke. The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Philosophy. Oxford, United Kingdom, Oxford UP,

3393:, from the earliest period of Muslim history until the late Fatimid era. The author, Idris Imad al-Din, descended from the prominent al-Walid family of the Quraysh in Yemen, who led the Tayyibi Mustaʻlian Ismaili 2402:. Also, individuals may observe Muharram in a wide variety of ways. This respect for Muharram does not include self-flagellation and beating because they feel that harming one's body is harming a gift from God. 10916:

Theologically, one would have to conclude that the Druze are not Muslims. They do not accept the five pillars of Islam. In place of these principles the Druze have instituted the seven precepts noted above..

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After the fall of the Fatimid Caliphate and its bases in Iran and Syria, the three currently living branches of Isma'ili generally developed geographically isolated from each other, with the exception of

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Ismailism shares its beginnings with other early Shia sects that emerged during the succession crisis that spread throughout the early Muslim community. From the beginning, the Shia asserted the right of

3582:, " only conveyed the meanings of the inspiration and the light – its obligations, rulings and allusions – by means of utterances composed with arranged, combined, intelligible, and audible letters". 3557:), through the means of the Holy Spirit, Gabriel, which is a heavenly power that illuminates the souls of the prophets, just as the radiance of light reflects in a mirror. Accordingly, God illuminated 4743:

is a reformist sect within Musta'li Ismai'li Shia Islam that broke off circa 1977. They disagree with mainstream Dawoodi Bohra, as led by the Da'i al-Mutlaq, on doctrinal, economic and social issues.

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Ismailis, the zakat is 12.5% of cash income and among other Ismailis of Iran, Syria, Central Asia, and China, the zakat is 10% of cash income and other %s of non-cash assets like crops and livestock.

3629:) of God’s words, just as a reflective mirror to the radiance of light, and the Quran and Prophetic guidance (Hadith) are verbal manifestations of God’s words, which are reflections from this mirror. 3234:

in Baghdad, Hulagu destroyed Isma'ili as well as Islamic sacred and religious texts. The Imamate that was located in Alamut along with its few followers were forced to flee and take refuge elsewhere.

2481:, where he promulgated his teachings to many Muslims, both Shia and non-Shia, in an extremely organized form of Daʿwah. In fact, the earliest text of the Ismaili school of thought is said to be the 2474:

or "descendant of Muhammad through Hasan or Husayn" who rebelled against tyranny and the injustice of his age could be the Imām. The Zaidis created the first Shia states in Iran, Iraq, and Yemen.

3083:

Afterward, Hassan-i Sabbah became one of the most influential Da'is in Isma'ili history; he became important to the survival of the Nizari branch of Ismailism, which today is its largest branch.

2359:

After the death of Imam Hasan, Imam Husayn and his family were increasingly worried about the religious and political persecution that was becoming commonplace under the reign of Mu'awiya's son,

4017:

there are many faiths and ethnicities and where Ismailis do not live. The zakat rates historically differed depending on the asset type: 2.5% of animals, 5% of minerals, and 10% of crops. Among

2552:

from its base in Syria. This was the start of the spiritual beginnings of the Daʿwah that would later play important parts in the all Ismaili branches, especially the Nizaris and the Musta'lis.

10930:

The Politics of Islamic Revivalism: Diversity and Unity: Center for Strategic and International Studies (Washington, D.C.), Georgetown University. Center for Strategic and International Studies

8599:

The Politics of Islamic Revivalism: Diversity and Unity: Center for Strategic and International Studies (Washington, D.C.), Georgetown University. Center for Strategic and International Studies

4563:

of Najran, the Sulaymanis are in Haraz, among the inhabitants of the Jabal Maghariba and in Hawzan, Lahab and Attara, as well as in the district of Hamadan and in the vicinity of Yarim.

3925:(esoteric) essence. The esoteric is the source of the exoteric, and the exoteric is the manifestation of the esoteric. This concept is highlighted in the "Epistle of the Right Path", a 3333:, who spent as a hermit the last decades of his life in Badakhshan, gathering a considerable number of devoted adherents, who have handed down his doctrines to succeeding generations. 2494:, who inherited the Imāmate on his father's death in 743. Ja'far al-Sadiq excelled in the scholarship of the day and had many pupils, including three of the four founders of the Sunni 4770:

faith further split from Isma'ilism as it developed its own unique doctrines, and finally separated from both Ismāʿīlīsm and Islam altogether; these include the belief that the Imam

3517:) is the everlasting creative command that perpetuates all things and simultaneously embodies the essences of every existent being. This eternal commandment "flows" or "emanates" to 11001:

As Druze is a nonritualistic religion without requirements to pray, fast, make pilgrimages, or observe days of rest, the Druze are not considered an Islamic people by Sunni Muslims.

2628:

to the Zoroastrian-influenced fire. After their return of the Black Stone in 951 and a defeat by the Abbasids in 976 the group slowly dwindled off and no longer has any adherents.

2600:, who claimed to be the descendant of the Persian kings as their Mahdi, and rampaged across the Middle-East in the tenth century, climaxing their violent campaign by stealing the 1896:

in the 8th century CE, the teachings of Ismailism further transformed into the belief system as it is known today, with an explicit concentration on the deeper, esoteric meaning (

4396:

is a sign to the educational importance in the Dawoodi community. The academy has an advanced curriculum that encompasses religious and secular education for both men and women.

3397:

for more than three centuries. This gave him access to the literary heritage of the Ismailis, including the majority of the extant Fatimid manuscripts transferred to Yemen. The

11029:

Therefore, many of these scholars follow Ibn Taymiyya'sfatwa from the beginning of the fourteenth century that declared the Druzes and the Alawis as heretics outside Islam ...

3960:

As with other Shia, Ismāʿīlīs believe that the understanding of God is derived from the first light in the universe, the light of 'Aql, which in Arabic roughly translates as '

2959:. Mustaali beliefs and practices, unlike those of the Nizari and Druze, are regarded as compatible with mainstream Islam, representing a continuation of Fatimid tradition and 2363:. Amidst this turmoil in 680, Husayn along with the women and children of his family, upon receiving invitational letters and gestures of support by Kufis, wished to go to 2210:

A group among Ali's army believed that subjecting his legitimate authority to arbitration was tantamount to apostasy, and abandoned his forces. This group was known as the

9909:

Report of a mission to Yarkund in 1873, under command of Sir T. D. Forsyth: with historical and geographical information regarding the possessions of the ameer of Yarkund

5033:(schools of jurisprudence) among the eight schools of jurisprudence that were listed as being in the Muslim fold and whose adherents were, therefore, to be considered as 2524:

For some partisans of Isma'il, the Imamate ended with Isma'il ibn Ja'far. Most Ismailis recognized Muhammad ibn Ismaʻil as the next Imam and some saw him as the expected

4142:

as their 49th Imām, who they claim is descended from Muḥammad through his daughter Fāṭimah az-Zahra and 'Ali, Muḥammad's cousin and son-in-law. The 46th Ismāʿīlī Imām,

3011:. Because of the vehement opposition to the Fatimids from the Seljuks, the Ismaili movement was only able to operate as a terrorist underground movement, much like the 2310:

criticised. Even the earliest legal texts by Malik b. Anas and Abu Hanifa employ many methods including analogical reasoning and opinion and do not rely exclusively on

8812: 3863:

before the fall, which would be without ritual or law but consist merely in all creatures praising the creator and recognizing his unity. This final stage was called

12725: 8859: 4701:

The Hebtiahs Bohra are a branch of Mustaali Ismaili Shia Islam that broke off from the mainstream Dawoodi Bohra after the death of the 39th Da'i al-Mutlaq in 1754.

16098: 2163:

The conflict remained relatively peaceful between the partisans of Ali and those who asserted a semi-democratic system of electing caliphs, until the third of the

4180:

The focus of Imam Aga Khan III's message was to promote the idea that women were free and independent. In a message to his followers in 1926, he proclaimed that:

15980: 4931:

Ismaili sect had 26 Imams. The Hafizi sect lived on into the 14th century AD with adherents in Northern Egypt and Syria but had died out by the 15th century AD.

4363:

While the majority of Dawoodi Bohras have traditionally been traders, it is becoming increasingly common for them to become professionals. Some choose to become

2439:

and the sister of Hasan and Husayn, started to spread the word of Karbala to the Muslim world, making speeches regarding the event. This was the first organized

10643:

Zaman, Muhammad Qasim; Stewart, Devin J.; Mirza, Mahan; Kadi, Wadad; Crone, Patricia; Gerhard, Bowering; Hefner, Robert W.; Fahmy, Khaled; Kuran, Timur (2013).

15348: 14639: 9320: 4095:, which translates from Arabic as "guardianship" and denotes "Love and devotion for God, the Prophets, the Aimmat and Imām uz Zaman, and Dai." It also denotes 4683:

and his progeny, the religious hierarchy of the Alavi Bohras is headed by the Dāʻī al-Mutlaq, who is appointed by his predecessor in office and similar as of

4639:) from the 29th daʼi onwards after the split from Daʼudi Bohras in Ahmedabad in 1621 CE. They believe the rightful daʼi was a grandson of the 28th daʼi named 9813: 4715:

The Atba-i Malak jamaat (community) are a branch of Mustaali Ismaili Shia Islam that broke off from the mainstream Dawoodi Bohra after the death of the 46th

3672:

is to discern an object in its original ontological domain as a symbol and parable that represents a reality in a higher ontological domain The opposite of

3617:) believed that Muhammad's soul expressed God's nonverbal divine inspiration in the form of two symbolic oral discourses – the Quran and Prophetic guidance ( 3571:. Consequently, the Isma'ilis believe that the Arabic Quran is God’s Speech in a secondary and subordinate sense, as it only verbally expresses the "signs" ( 2156:, to have both political and spiritual control over the community. This also included his two sons, who were the grandsons of Muhammad through his daughter 11181: 2207:

against their spears and demanded that the issue be decided by Islam's holy book. Ali accepted this, and an arbitration was done which ended in his favor.

11107:

Subsequently, Muslim opponents of the Druzes have often relied on Ibn Taymiyya's religious ruling to justify their attitudes and actions against Druzes...

4679:

acts as a direct representative of the concealed Imam as he receives required guidance from him. During this time of the concealment of 21st Fatimid Imam

4314:, however, exist in Yemen and Saudi Arabia. In recent years, there has been a rapprochement between the Sulaymani, Dawoodi, and Alavi Mustaali sub-sects. 3606:), for its external linguistic form and presentiment of spiritual meanings transcends the limits of eminence of Arabic poetry, prose, and rhyming speech. 15965: 14252: 9845: 4464: 3943:

In Ismailism, things have an interior meaning that is reserved for a special few who are in tune with the Imām or are the Imām himself. This is called

4675:. The doctrines of Alavi Bohras is centered on the recognition of the Imam. It continues to be the most important foundation among Bohras. In fact, 2916:

was one of the prominent Isma'ili wali of 14th century. The line of Tayyib Da'is that began in 1132 is still continuing under the main sect known as

10196: 16064: 9129: 3789:. As van-Skyhawk notes, an important link was established between the ginānic and qaṣā’id traditions when, in 1961, the 49th Ismāʿīlī Imām termed 2799:

was the Hujjah in Yemen from the time of Imam al Mustansir. She appointed Da'i in Yemen to run religious affairs. Ismaili missionaries Ahmed and

2316:. Only in the 2nd century does the Sunni jurist al-Shafi'i first argue that only the sunnah of Muhammad should be a source of law, and that this 1944:, along with the "Imam of the Time" representing the manifestation of esoteric truth and intelligible divine reality, with the more literalistic 4586:, there is a well-established Sulaymani community in Sind. Some ten thousand Sulaymanis live in rural areas of Punjab known to the Sulaymani as 3426:; our creed consists of studying all existing things in their entirety, the physical and the intellectual, from their beginning to their end, 2688:, the empire was named "Fatimid". However, this was not without controversy, and recognizing the extent that Ismāʿīlī doctrine had spread, the 3645:). The Ismailis maintain that divine guidance is required to access the divine truths and superior meanings contained within the revelations. 12908: 3832:

Classical Ismāʿīlī doctrine holds that divine revelation had been given in six periods (daur) entrusted to six prophets, who they also call

2203:

of Syria, also staged a revolt under the same pretences. Ali led his forces against Mu'awiya until the side of Mu'awiya held copies of the

9493: 15995: 14694: 9854: 3680:, which is to encode divine realities in the form of symbols and parables that are interpretable to human beings in the material world. 11359: 16069: 15985: 4877:

in the 10–13th centuries, were employed as mercenaries by the kings of Hungary. However following the establishment of the Christian

3843:(Representative). The Wasi would know the secret meaning of all rites and rules and would reveal them to small circles of initiates. 11297:

The Encyclopedia of the Arab-Israeli Conflict: A Political, Social, and Military History : A Political, Social, and Military History

4238:

in 1796 when they lost contact with him while he resided in India. The bulk of this group joined the Qasim-Shahi Nizaris led by the

2328:

s. It would take another one hundred years after al-Shafi'i for Sunni Muslim jurists to fully base their methodologies on prophetic

16086: 13629: 13376: 10703: 10617: 896: 333: 4660:

spiritual hierarchical set-up, law, dress code, customs, beliefs, eating habits, lifestyle, ethics and customary traditions, etc.

4081:

is the last of the Seven Islamic Pillars, and for them it means a struggle against one's own soul; striving toward righteousness.

16049: 15970: 13420: 11481: 2927:

The Musta'li split several times over disputes regarding who was the rightful Da'i al-Mutlaq, the leader of the community within

10857:

Most Druze do not consider themselves Muslim. Historically they faced much persecution and keep their religious beliefs secrets.

9931: 4371:

or analysts as well as a large contingent of medical professionals. Dawoodi Bohras are encouraged to educate themselves in both

15990: 14938: 12852: 8949: 6250: 4119:

Branching of Ismāʿilism within Shia Islam at a glance. (Note: Kaysani's Imam Hanafiyyah is a descendant of Ali from Ali's wife

2900:, about 2 years old, was protected by the most important woman in Musta'li history after Muhammad's daughter, Fatimah. She was 2800: 1006: 10815: 16000: 15957: 12592: 12001: 11491: 11473: 11304: 11160: 11138: 10546: 10521: 10424: 10312: 9880: 9791: 9626: 9599: 9056: 9048:

The Ismailis in the Middle Ages: A History of Survival, a Search for Salvation: A History of Survival, a Search for Salvation

735: 435: 3186: 16378: 13963: 12602: 10224: 9207: 8842: 4487:

as his successor. Ultimately the court ruled in favor of Mufaddal Saifuddin as the righteous successor of the community

3549:

in Arabic), respectively. As a result, the prophets receive revelations as divine, spiritual, and nonverbal "inspiration" (

3488: 3457: 1787: 358: 111: 3521:

through a spiritual hierarchy that consists of the Universal Intellect, Universal Soul, and the angelic intermediaries of

2912:

who shifted da'wat to India. . Before the shift of da'wat in India, the da'i's representative were known as Wali-ul-Hind.

2830:, the younger, fought for political and spiritual control of the dynasty. Nizar was defeated and jailed, but according to 2822:

in 1094 CE. His rule was the longest of any caliph in both the Fatimid and other Islamic empires. After he died, his sons

11946: 9981: 9016: 4540:. They are referred to and prefer to be referred to as Ahle-Haq Ismaʻilis and Sulaymanis and not with the Bohras suffix. 3381:, which is a reference source on the history of Ismailism that was composed in 7 books by the Tayyibi Mustaʻlian Ismaili 3369:

never took root in this part of central Asia so even now, there are less than a few dozen Sunnis living among the Hunza.

3258:

progressed mainly under the Isma'ili-adhering Yemeni ruling class well into the 12th century, until the fall of the last

3213: 1191: 83: 13263: 3453: 3169:

It was announced with the advent of Imam Hassan II. In a show of his Imamate and to emphasize the interior meaning (the

4597:

There are also some 900–1000 Sulaymanis mainly from South Asia scattered around the world, in the Persian Gulf States,

4483:, and a case is pending in the Bombay High Court to resolve the matter. Qutbuddin has since died and appointed his son 3329:, is the only part of the world where Ismailis make up the majority of the population. This is due to Isma'ili scholar 2367:

and confront Yazid as an intercessor on part of the citizens of the empire. However, he was stopped by Yazid's army in

822: 4054:

Beyond the traditional five pillars of worship in Islam, Isma'ilis observe an additional two pillars, the first being

3218:

Through the 12th century, the Isma'ili continued to successfully ward off Sunni attempts to take Alamut, including by

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The ʻAlavi Bohras, popularly and incorrectly known as Alya Bohras, follow a different line of succession of Duʼaat (

3468:, which encompasses their different essences, their diverse species, their various types, and their changing forms. 90: 15723: 15579: 15114: 15010: 14303: 9540: 8990: 8543: 8487: 3518: 1394: 1252: 795: 236: 13056: 12801: 9817: 8923:. Исследования по прикладной и неотложной этнологии Института этнологии и антропологии РАН (in Russian). Moscow: 3839:

Whereas the Natiq was concerned with the rites and outward shape of religion, the inner meaning is entrusted to a

3422:

not abhor any science or shun any book, and not be unduly biased against any creed; for our philosophy and creed

16207: 16023: 14629: 14577: 14191: 13239: 12903: 11791: 11671: 2782:

The Fatimids promoted ideas that were radical for that time. One was a promotion by merit rather than genealogy.

2127: 1971:

Isma'ilism rose at one point to become the largest branch of Shia Islam, climaxing as a political power with the

4348:

The Dawoodi Bohras are a very close-knit community who seeks advice from Dai on spiritual and temporal matters.

3998:

Isma'ilism has some difference. The Nizari Ismaili Muslims are strongly encouraged to pray what is known as the

3975:) of the Imamate is the Universal Intellect, and consequently, the Imam on earth is the focus of manifestation ( 2951:

are mostly exclusive to South Asia, after the migration of the da'wah from Yemen to India. Other groups include

2889:". This da'i was the only source of the Imam's knowledge after the occultation of al-Qasim in Musta'li thought. 2334:

s. Meanwhile, Imami Shia Muslims followed the Imams' interpretations of Islam as normative without any need for

16272: 15830: 15728: 14871: 12619: 12597: 11911: 11876: 11352: 9653: 8492: 7106: 6260: 6098: 3609:

The Isma'ilis believe that Muhammad is the living embodiment of the Quran. For instance, the renowned Isma'ili

1052: 740: 68: 64: 2588:

While many of the Isma'ili were content with the Da'i teachings, a group that mingled Persian nationalism and

97: 15640: 15399: 15134: 12746: 12629: 11886: 11706: 5437: 2447: 2296:

of the Prophet", but was used in connection to Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and some Umayyad Caliphs. The idea of

916: 770: 700: 16192: 16169: 15789: 15645: 15635: 15541: 15252: 14892: 13932: 13413: 13085: 12931: 12881: 12322: 11766: 9976: 3477:, an encyclopedic work on religion, sciences, and philosophy that permeates the Isma'ili school of thought. 3023: 2921: 2909: 1588: 1027: 720: 4107:, they believe, will all the other pillars and acts ordained by Islam be judged or even looked at by God. 3177:), only two years after his accession, the Imām Hasan 'Ala Zikrihi al-Salam conducted a ceremony known as 16294: 16159: 15975: 15743: 15536: 14971: 14560: 13450: 13314: 12662: 11976: 11486: 11463: 11458: 11368: 9395:

The Master and the Disciple: An Early Islamic Spiritual Dialogue on Conversion Kitab al-'alim wa'l-ghulam

7093: 3769:. In comparison to Ginans, Ismāʿīlīs of other origins, such as Persians, Arabs, and Central Asians, have 2654: 2483: 1404: 1272: 1267: 695: 507: 363: 220: 79: 12024: 16054: 15937: 15454: 14931: 13969: 13564: 13550: 13289: 13034: 12808: 12290: 11921: 11881: 11616: 11533: 11387: 9903: 9136: 8472: 7803: 3829:

For this sect, the Imām is the manifestation of truth, and hence he is their path of salvation to God.

3474: 3431: 3415: 3360:

by Sunni Muslim Turkic peoples because the two peoples did not share a common geographical region. The

3185:, whereby the Imam would once again become visible to his community of followers in and outside of the 2854: 1870: 1607: 1409: 1102: 1071: 725: 458: 5063:

The Shia belief throughout its history split over the issue of the Imamate. The largest branch is the

4543:

The total number of Sulaymanis currently are around 300,000, mainly living in the eastern district of

16134: 15835: 15664: 15360: 15140: 15103: 14882: 13516: 13234: 12885: 12647: 11871: 11776: 11751: 11601: 11345: 10712: 8497: 8482: 8171: 6273: 5720: 5048: 4740: 4591: 3820: 3790: 3579: 3034:. This signaled the end of the Hafizi Mustaali branch of Ismailism as well as the Fatimid Caliphate. 2597: 1508: 1277: 1037: 998: 800: 540: 519: 503: 14794: 2528:

that Ja'far al-Sadiq had preached about. However, at this point the Isma'ili Imams according to the

2412:

depicting Muhammad and Ali written in a single word. The 180 degrees inverted form shows both words.

16289: 16018: 15842: 15615: 15153: 14897: 14887: 14877: 13647: 13167: 12781: 12400: 11971: 11901: 10869: 10440: 7776: 7240: 6592: 5576: 5022: 4590:; these Sulaymani communities have been in the Jazeera-e Sind from the time of Fatimid Imam-Caliph 2897: 2667: 2502: 2131: 1780: 1735: 1327: 1262: 1080: 1022: 988: 891: 24: 3097:

Hassan-i Sabbah continued his missionary activities, which climaxed with his taking of the famous

2443:

of the Shia, which would later develop into an extremely spiritual institution for the Ismāʿīlīs.

16152: 15026: 14785: 14749: 12774: 12732: 12587: 12202: 11991: 11896: 11726: 11681: 11547: 11209: 10674:

The Origins of the Druze Religion: An Edition of Ḥamza's Writings and an Analysis of His Doctrine

9234:"Karbala in Istanbul: Scenes from the Ashura Commemorations of Zeynebiye – Ajam Media Collective" 8477: 6602: 6106: 5075:. All the groups follow a different line of Imamate linked together as shown in the chart below. 4965:. However, most scholars believe this group is either extremely small or non-existent today. The 4954: 3637:) of the divine revelations that Muhammad received, and beyond it lies the "esoteric dimension" ( 2908:

was first to be instituted to this office. The office of da'i continued in Yemen up to 24th da'i

2785:

Also during this period, the three contemporary branches of Isma'ilism formed. The first branch (

2451: 1893: 1705: 1184: 1032: 993: 730: 705: 57: 15180: 11238: 11214: 4475:

community, Mohammed Burhanuddin. Two claimants emerged for the position of 53rd Da'i al-Mutlaq,

3668:

is the process of "returning" something to its metaphysical source. In the context of ontology,

3090:

and asked him who his successor would be, to which he responded that it would be his eldest son

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At this point, some of the Isma'ili community believed that Muhammad ibn Isma'il had gone into

2501:

However, following al-Sadiq's poisoning in 765, a fundamental split occurred in the community.

2257: 2237: 2142: 1886: 1813: 1670: 1284: 1257: 1062: 653: 445: 430: 262:

Ismāʿīli communities can be found in Pakistan, India, Central Asia, Syria, Iran, Saudi Arabia,

9562: 3836:(Speaker), who were commissioned to preach a religion of law to their respective communities. 3204:

Afterward, his descendants ruled as the Imams at Alamut until its destruction by the Mongols.

3166:

public and the lineage was hidden until a few Imāms later to avoid further attacks hostility.

2861:

However, in the Mustaali branch, Dai came to have a similar but more important task. The term

2477:

In contrast to his predecessors, Muhammad al-Baqir focused on academic Islamic scholarship in

1314: 16250: 16228: 15047: 14924: 14690: 14349: 13521: 13438: 13184: 13154: 12711: 12607: 12154: 11981: 11731: 11641: 11326: 9907: 9870: 9046: 7769: 6961: 4982: 4771: 4381: 4264:

to Shia Islam. His father the 30th Imam Radi al-Din II bin Tahir who died in 1509, came from

4234: 3993: 3913:

A fundamental aspect of Ismailism is the co-existence of the physical and the spiritual, the

3824: 2790: 2650: 2119: 2115: 1498: 1399: 1389: 1382: 1359: 1047: 951: 527: 14390: 10541:. New York: Cambridge University Press & The Institute of Ismaili Studies. p. 282. 9838:

One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the

9519: 9186: 9072: 3929:-Ismaili prose text from the post-Mongol period of Ismaili history, by an anonymous author. 3389:(born ca. 1392). This text presents the most comprehensive history of the Ismaili Imams and 2767:. Under the Fatimids, Egypt flourished and developed an extensive trade network in both the 2533: 2487:(The Archetypal Book), a conversation between Muhammad al-Baqir and three of his disciples. 1493: 15917: 15824: 15769: 14136: 13543: 13401: 13326: 13171: 12986: 12834: 12739: 12718: 12577: 12532: 12517: 12066: 11916: 11906: 11891: 11711: 11676: 11666: 11661: 11636: 11124: 10944:

Druze – An offshoot of Shi'ism; its members are not considered Muslims by orthodox Muslims.

8613:

Druze – An offshoot of Shi'ism; its members are not considered Muslims by orthodox Muslims.

8507: 7786: 7752: 5954: 4720: 4258: 4138:

The largest part of the Ismāʿīlī community, the Qasim-Shahi Nizari Ismāʿīlīs, today accept

3423: 3148: 3091: 3043: 2935:

followers tread the same path, following the same tradition of the Aimmat Fatimiyyeen. The

2823: 2613: 2529: 2123: 1866: 1685: 1542: 1429: 1364: 1294: 1099: 876: 710: 673: 603: 593: 415: 10387:

Forging the Ideal Educated Girl: The Production of Desirable Subjects in Muslim South Asia

9233: 2999:, so that Fatimid territory shrunk until it consisted only of Egypt. Damascus fell to the 104: 8: 16147: 16028: 15922: 15738: 15235: 15032: 14803: 14570: 14370: 14141: 13872: 13749: 13388: 12688: 12614: 11956: 11606: 11420: 9279: 8910: 7254: 4958: 4537: 4399:

Today there are approximately one million Dawoodi Bohra. The majority of these reside in

4261: 3864: 3538: 3198: 3190: 3087: 2819: 2189: 2103: 1920:) oriented, Shia Islam developed into two separate directions: the metaphorical Ismaili, 1773: 1720: 1700: 1637: 1309: 1289: 1210: 1111: 1057: 775: 760: 10621: 16373: 16309: 16223: 16074: 16010: 15818: 15794: 15471: 15449: 15409: 15299: 15212: 15163: 15129: 15020: 14734: 13617: 13573: 13318: 13131: 13018: 12792: 12753: 12667: 12502: 12465: 12427: 12349: 12224: 11996: 11781: 11656: 11631: 11453: 11440: 11139:"The Official Website of The Amman Message - The Three Points of The Amman Message V.1" 10797: 10732: 10177: 10040: 8447: 7409: 5650: 4878: 4874: 4802: 4728: 4724: 4480: 4476: 4303: 3465: 3353: 3114: 3012: 2744: 2727:

The Fatimid Caliphate expanded quickly under the subsequent Imams. Under the Fatimids,

2700:

scholars the task to disprove the lineage of the new dynasty. This became known as the

2491: 2164: 1874: 1247: 1177: 1137: 983: 937: 932: 619: 566: 559: 313: 177: 14710: 8659:

The Druze, who live mostly in Syria, Lebanon, and Israel, are also Ismāʿīlī in origin.

8442: 4856: 4846: 2398:

during Muharram and may have announcements or sessions regarding the tragic events of

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Islamic Philosophy from Its Origin to the Present: Philosophy in the Land of Prophecy

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Religious Minorities in the Middle East: Domination, Self-Empowerment, Accommodation

3222:. The stronghold eventually met its destruction at the hands of the Khans in 1256. 3003:

in 1076, leaving the Fatimids only in charge of Egypt and the Levantine coast up to

16314: 16299: 16059: 15764: 15486: 15424: 15414: 15404: 15389: 15195: 15098: 15070: 14958: 13728: 13702: 13405: 13078: 12981: 12822: 12704: 12557: 12537: 12522: 12087: 11746: 11514: 10879: 10781: 10716: 10391: 10353: 10161: 10078:

The Devotional Poems of ʿAllāmah Naṣīr al-Dīn Hunzai as Inter-Cultural Translations

10032: 9779: 8766: 7433: 6113: 4916: 4583: 4495: 4484: 4298:

as the community split several times, each recognizing a different Dai. Today, the

4058:, which translates from Arabic as "purity." Similar to the more general concept of 3926: 3357: 3259: 2913: 2808: 2776: 2395: 2192:

was fought and Aisha was defeated, but was respectfully escorted to Medina by Ali.

2007: 1961: 1830: 1740: 1715: 1632: 1146: 911: 658: 403: 240: 163: 35: 9924: 9771: 4490:

Besides speaking the local languages, the Dawoodis have their own language called

4306:

as the 53rd Dāʿī al-Muṭlaq. The Dawoodi Bohras are based in India, along with the

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Indigenous Peoples: An Encyclopedia of Culture, History, and Threats to Survival

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dialect, and one of the Shia Ismaili sects in the Syria of the eleventh century.

3136: 3065: 3054: 3031: 2928: 2901: 2893: 2866: 2846: 2839: 2796: 2646: 2549: 2544: 2428: 2248: 2228: 2179: 1804: 1680: 1525: 1434: 864: 832: 755: 574: 155: 14412: 10462:. London: I. B. Tauris Publishers and Institute of Ismaili Studies. p. 357. 10228: 10197:"Esoteric Interpretations of the Qur'an: The Foundations of Shia Ismaili Ta'wil" 8839: 8703: 3907:

In Ismailism, things have an exterior meaning, what is apparent. This is called

1447: 16352: 16079: 15932: 15774: 15476: 14820: 14739: 14605: 14582: 14565: 14416: 14341: 14265: 13786: 13692: 13301: 13256: 13251: 13102: 13071: 12976: 12859: 12697: 12450: 12383: 12376: 12366: 12214: 11951: 11812: 11741: 11716: 11576: 11509: 11425: 11233: 11161:"Letter by His Highness the Aga Khan endorsing the Amman Message and the fatwa" 10785: 10149: 9298: 8860:"Shi'a Ismaili Tradition in Central Asia – Evolution, Continuities and Changes" 8142: 7422: 5963: 5377: 4953:" hold that Ismāʿīl was the seventh and final Ismāʿīlī Imam, and that his son, 4886: 4696: 4618: 4491: 3697: 3493: 3403: 3361: 3019: 2992: 2956: 2939:

are mostly concentrated in Yemen and Saudi Arabia with some communities in the

2905: 2827: 2804: 2589: 2506: 2405: 2224: 1925: 1882: 1745: 1647: 1583: 1515: 1066: 1042: 968: 857: 842: 765: 548: 263: 205: 14780: 14587: 13779: 10165: 9020: 4042:

Many Ismaili sects do not ascribe to mainstream Islamic beliefs regarding the

3562: 2227:. According to the Nizari Isma'ili tradition, Hasan was "an Entrusted Imam" ( 1965: 378: 16367: 16255: 16092: 15942: 15481: 15444: 15419: 14744: 14674: 14654: 14616: 14240: 14225: 13989:

Abū ʿAbdillāh Muḥāmmad ibn Karrām ibn Arrāk ibn Huzāba ibn al-Barā’ as-Sijjī

13796: 13721: 13531: 13492: 13479: 13360: 13149: 13121: 12998: 12952: 12870: 12470: 12455: 12445: 12280: 12242: 12219: 12181: 12092: 11822: 11816: 11806: 11794: 10793: 10767: 10728: 10173: 10036: 9849: 9839: 8696: 8654: 8583: 8569: 8502: 8344: 7949: 7448: 6435: 6419: 6088: 5310: 4978: 4806: 4798: 4684: 4598: 4472: 4424: 4335: 4299: 4151: 3938: 3921: 3915: 3902: 3782: 3661: 3614: 3505: 3499: 3439: 3435: 3345: 3330: 3182: 3174: 3170: 3098: 3058: 3004: 3000: 2996: 2972: 2944: 2917: 2835: 2220: 2196: 2099: 1980: 1915: 1899: 1642: 1503: 1133: 1014: 973: 963: 847: 827: 745: 685: 534: 440: 373: 368: 14706: 10752: 10328: 10127:. Darmstadt, Germany: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft. pp. 202–204. 8722: 4175: 2803:(in about 1067 CE (460 AH)) were also sent to India in that time. They sent 16342: 16267: 15927: 15779: 15657: 15373: 15277: 15265: 14979: 14772: 14701: 14489:

Abū’l-Huzayl Muḥāmmad ibn al-Huzayl ibn Abdillāh al-Allāf al-Abdī al-Bāsrī

14429: 14407: 14398: 14298: 13775: 13591: 13526: 13219: 13116: 13107: 13013: 12767: 12435: 12354: 12285: 12149: 11646: 11586: 11561: 11542: 10958:

Piety, Politics, and Power: Lutherans Encountering Islam in the Middle East

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of the Imam and Dai, heaven is made obligatory. And only with this crucial

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in the 1840s after being blamed for a failed coup against the Shah of the

4115: 2536:

found areas where they would be able to be safe from the recently founded

750: 15904: 15394: 15333: 15260: 15147: 14754: 14476: 14444: 14394: 14260: 13958: 13923: 13905: 13697: 13434: 13364: 13044: 12943: 12512: 12485: 12475: 12412: 12317: 12307: 12302: 12134: 12117: 11941: 11856: 11696: 11571: 8326: 8162: 7576: 6949: 5041: 4801:

also pointed out that Druze were not Muslims, and neither 'Ahl al-Kitāb (

4775: 4664: 4630: 4544: 4416: 4412: 4368: 4307: 4247: 4139: 3322: 3294: 3255: 3223: 2980: 2948: 2693: 2601: 2383: 2095: 2063: 2015: 1999: 1620: 1535: 1530: 1481: 1414: 1369: 1354: 1349: 1339: 1304: 1142: 1124: 1106: 886: 690: 584: 579: 278: 274: 232: 10843:

The Middle East Today: Political, Geographical and Cultural Perspectives

9858:. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 248. 9259: 8994: 8547: 4161: 4066:

denotes a pure soul and includes bodily purity and cleanliness; without

4008:

in other forms are not obligatory, but Ismailis can offer them as well.

3313:. This community is the only one with a living Imam, whose title is the 2979:

under the Fatimids) declared their independence and their conversion to

2178:, the third of Muhammad's wives, claimed along with Uthman's tribe, the 31: 16197: 15294: 15269: 14403: 14200: 13981: 13927: 13825: 13763: 13714: 13680: 13633: 13554: 13487: 13474: 13392: 13368: 13297: 13202: 13144: 13066: 12969: 12342: 12106: 12102: 11936: 11861: 11837: 11802: 11756: 11691: 11651: 11626: 11581: 11566: 11556: 11229: 11205: 6752: 6730: 6283: 6269: 5078: 5072: 4966: 4927:

was recognized as the Imam of the Time as well as his descendants. The

4364: 4143: 3793: 3594: 3593:

view that it is a temporally created provision of sounds, and also the

3326: 3318: 3290: 3286: 3270: 3132: 2984: 2940: 2708: 2583: 2071: 1824: 1675: 1218: 852: 715: 614: 198: 187: 12187:

Abū’l-Hūsayn Abdūrrāhīm ibn Muḥāmmad ibn Uthmān al-Hayyāt (Hayyātīyya)

12046:

Abū Abdirrahmān Bishr ibn Ghiyāth ibn Abī Karīma al-Marīsī al-Baghdādī

10736: 9986: 5037:

and therefore cannot be excluded from the world community of Muslims.

2775:, which eventually determined the economic course of Egypt during the 2171:

was killed, and Ali, with popular support, ascended to the caliphate.

15912: 15343: 15158: 14658: 14646: 14624: 14555: 14468:

Abū Abdi’l-Lāh Ahmad ibn Abī Du'ad Faraj ibn Carīr ibn Mâlik al-Iyādī

14459: 14365: 14310: 14235: 13889: 13884: 13810: 13754: 13500: 13355: 13348: 13224: 13135: 13049: 13029: 12874: 12815: 12327: 12295: 12250:

Abū ʿAbdillāh al-Husayn ibn Muḥāmmad ibn ʿAbdillāh an-Najjār ar-Rāzī

12138: 12016: 11931: 11926: 11736: 11701: 11596: 11591: 10772: 10025:"Shi'i Ismaili Approaches to the Qur'an: From Revelation to Exegesis" 6280: 5247: 5181: 5068: 4644: 4610: 4571: 4566:

In India there are between 3000 and 5000 Sulaymanis living mainly in

4521: 4515: 4372: 4326:) only, with little bearing on doctrinal or theological differences. 4311: 4272:

and established his rule of the region. He was killed and a regional

4269: 3886: 3534: 3427: 2936: 2812: 2677: 2540:, which had defeated and seized control from the Umayyads in 750 CE. 2459: 2422: 2378:

This battle would become extremely important to the Shia psyche. The

2091: 1937: 1710: 1595: 1469: 1227: 639: 353: 14649: 10024: 9618:

Mullahs on the Mainframe: Islam and Modernity Among the Daudi Bohras

9465:

The Other God: Dualist Religions from Antiquity to the Cathar Heresy

5051:

explicitly delineates on page 11 the place of the Ismailis as being

3987: 3585:

The Isma'ili view on God's Speech is therefore in contrast with the

2719: 46: 16245: 15751: 15609: 15561: 15355: 15309: 15273: 14998: 14843: 14810: 14665: 14550: 14542: 14336: 13741: 13672: 13595: 13578: 13409: 13396: 13229: 13175: 12957: 12405: 12196: 12029: 11621: 11337: 10720: 8517: 8437: 8353: 7958: 7810: 7759: 7124: 6743: 4981:, which was issued on 9 November 2004 (27th of Ramadan 1425 AH) by 4924: 4822: 4781:

Even though the faith originally developed out of Isma'ilism, most

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led the devastating attack personally. As he would later do to the

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After the decay of the Fatimid political system in the 1160s, the

2304:, or traditions ascribed to Muhammad, was not mainstream, nor was 16260: 15866: 15554: 15434: 15326: 15319: 15314: 15056: 14848: 14828: 14789: 14634: 14481:

Abū Hāshīm Abdu’s-Salām ibn Muḥāmmad ibn Abdi’l-Wahhāb al-Jubbā'ī

14425: 14382: 14229: 14219: 13944: 13893: 13847: 13685: 13582: 13483: 13462: 13341: 13336: 13211: 13162: 13090: 13039: 12760: 12639: 12312: 12126: 12058: 11448: 11288:

Ismaʻili Modern: Globalization and Identity in a Muslim Community

10816:"Are the Druze People Arabs or Muslims? Deciphering Who They Are" 10581:. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 5, 98, 131–132. 10566:. New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt Ltd. p. 73. 10514:

A Brief Note on Other Tayyibi Communities: Sulaymanis and 'Alavis

8673:

Isma'ili Modern: Globalization and Identity in a Muslim Community

6758: 5572: 5064: 4950: 4940: 4920: 4810: 4790: 4786: 4393: 4376: 4091: 4031: 3955: 3610: 3586: 3377:

One of the most important texts in Ismaili historiography is the

3341: 3251:

and the rest of South Asia (which had both Mustaali and Nizari).

3219: 3072: 3027: 2976: 2764: 2752: 2704:, which tries to trace the lineage of the Fatimids to an alleged 2697: 2685: 2593: 2519: 2495: 2432: 2399: 2368: 2360: 2031: 2006:

branch. The community with the highest percentage of Ismailis is

2003: 2002:

as the 49th hereditary Imam, while other groups are known as the

1949: 1921: 1909: 1476: 1464: 1459: 1115: 923: 837: 817: 643: 609: 465: 398: 383: 10744: 4302:, which constitute the majority of the Mustaali Ismāʿīlī accept 15784: 15758: 15717: 15678: 15595: 15508: 15429: 15284: 15230: 15225: 14992: 14916: 14853: 14833: 14714: 14678: 13867: 13770: 13707: 13586: 13429: 13383: 12863: 12172:

Abū Mūsā Isā ibn Subeyh (Sabīh) al-Murdār al-Bāsrī (Murdārīyya)

12130: 12077: 11501: 11412: 10257:. Edinburgh, UK: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 196–199. 9961: 9347:. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. p. 104. 8457: 7603: 7585: 7563: 4990: 4972: 4928: 4908: 4902: 4869: 4793:

by those belonging to orthodox Islamic schools of thought (see

4602: 4575: 4552: 4420: 4385: 4344:

The divisions of the Mustaali, sometimes referred to as Bohras.

4265: 4230: 4155: 4133: 3883: 3770: 3758: 3752: 3618: 3542: 3461: 3444: 3278: 3158: 3102: 2988: 2850: 2831: 2740: 2732: 2616:. Following the arrival of the Al-Isfahani, they changed their 2596:, they accepted a young Persian former prisoner by the name of 2557: 2478: 2471: 2387: 2299: 2168: 2157: 2087: 2083: 2079: 2067: 2059: 2051: 1995: 1976: 1957: 1953: 1929: 1725: 1665: 1568: 1549: 1344: 1334: 1242: 901: 420: 12037:

Abū Muḥrīz Jahm ibn Ṣafwān ar-Rāsibī as-Samarqāndī at-Tirmidhī

9432: 4885:

by the end of the 13th century and later assimilated into the

4340: 3578:

According to the 14th Isma'ili Imam and fourth Fatimid Caliph

3135:

meaning both "those who use hashish" and "throat slitters" in

2684:

In parallel with the dynasty's claim of descent from ʻAlī and

2340:

s and other sources of Sunni law such as analogy and opinion.

1857: 1758: 16033: 15858: 15812: 15800: 15602: 15588: 15547: 15220: 15077: 15063: 14984: 14947: 14838: 13879: 13504: 13305: 13293: 12095: 12070: 12041: 11430: 10606:. New Delhi: Oriental Books Reprint Corporation. p. 284. 9748:

Leiden, Carl (May 1969). "Assassination in the Middle East".

8748: 8467: 8462: 7967: 5026: 5009: 4997: 4962: 4826: 4782: 4767: 4759: 4752: 4614: 4579: 4548: 4533: 4525: 4444: 4400: 4389: 4295: 4291: 4243: 4078: 4018: 4012: 4004: 3856: 3568: 3337: 3306: 3302: 3282: 3244: 3008: 2886: 2786: 2760: 2756: 2748: 2728: 2625: 2621: 2617: 2609: 2605: 2592:

surfaced known as the Qarmatians. With their headquarters in

2525: 2440: 2204: 2175: 2039: 2027: 2019: 1945: 1905: 1845: 1578: 1554: 812: 790: 480: 475: 470: 408: 393: 348: 317: 288: 210: 4246:

in Syria today, locally called the Jafariyah who follow the

3153: 2896:

tradition, after the death of Imam al-Amir, his infant son,

2386:

Isma'ili still mourn this event during an occasion known as

1975:

in the 10th through 12th centuries. Ismailis believe in the

1904:) of the Islamic religion. With the eventual development of 15699: 15671: 15621: 15568: 15513: 15084: 14532:

Abū’l-Kāsīm Abdullāh ibn Ahmad ibn Māhmūd al-Balhī al-Kā‘bī

12081: 12076:

Abū Muḥāmmad (Abū’l-Hākem) Heshām ibn Sālem al-Jawālikī al-

12006: 9778:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 301–402, 9680:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 106–108. 6439: 4763: 4499: 4448: 4250: 4242:

in 1887. There are 15,000 followers of this line of Nizari

4147: 4043: 4026: 3961: 3852: 3766: 3761:

religious texts. They are written in the form of poetry by

3497:

Ismāʿīlīs believe the Quran has two layers of meaning, the

3310: 2960: 2705: 2642: 2454:

in 713, the first succession crisis of the Shia arose with

2364: 2055: 2043: 490: 485: 227: 14492:

Abū Ma‘n Sūmāma ibn Ashras an-Nūmayrī al-Bāsrī al-Baghdādī

10477:. New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House Pvt Ltd. p. 122. 10082:

Mitteilungen fuer Anthropologie und Religionsgeschichte 17

9902: 9338: 9336: 9334: 9318: 8788:"Ismaili Philosophy | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy" 3105:

into an outpost of Fatimid rule within Abbasid territory.

12440: 9417: 9372:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 36–50. 5381: 5314: 5243: 4290:

In time, the seat for one chain of Dai was split between

4176:

Reforms (on marriage, divorce, segregation and education)

3704:) are the Imams. As a result of being divinely inspired ( 3693: 3076: 2436: 2149: 1851: 1836: 958: 12182:

Abū Alī Muḥāmmad ibn Abdi’l-Wahhāb ibn Sallām al-Jubbā'ī

11043:

Middle Eastern Minorities: The Impact of the Arab Spring

10902:

The Political Role of Minority Groups in the Middle East

10150:"The Right Path: A Post-Mongol Persian Ismaili Treatise" 9567:. Vol. 1. Asian Educational Services. p. 199. 9477: 19:"Ismaili" redirects here. For people with the name, see 11332: 10645:

The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought

10390:. California: University of California Press. pp. 10307:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Law School. pp. 285–295. 10248: 10246: 9331: 9017:"The Kharijites and their impact on Contemporary Islam" 8888:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 1–4. 4276:

ruler Mirza Khan established his rule over the region.

3344:

and developed a community based upon the principles of

4723:. They have further split into two more branches, the 4002:(a specific Nizari Ismaili prayer) three times a day. 3739:. Every Imam provides this authoritative instruction ( 3692:), Muhammad is the Messenger, Imam ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib ( 12234:

Abū Amr Ḍirār ibn Amr al-Gatafānī al-Kūfī (Ḍirārīyya)

12197:

Abū Uthmān Amr ibn Bhār ibn Māhbūb al-Jāhiz al-Kinānī

10697:

Poonawala, Ismail K. (July–September 1999). "Review:

10642: 9912:. Printed at the Foreign department press. p. 56 9319:

Shaykh ‘Abd al-Hakeem Seth, Carney (2 October 2014).

4206: 4162:

Islamic marriage contract reforms by the Aga Khan III

2987:

invasions. After about 1070, the Fatimid hold on the

2714: 2676:

After raising an army and successfully defeating the

2281:, and it was inherited by his successors, the Imams. 1839: 1833: 14464:

Abū Sahl Bīshr ibn al-Mu‘tamīr al-Hilālī al-Baghdādī

12067:

Abu’l-Hassan Muqātil ibn Sulaymān ibn Bashīr al-Azdī

10419:. New York: I.B. Tauris & Co. pp. 247–264. 10243: 9932:"The Institute of Ismaili Studies publications news" 9872:

Situating the Uyghurs between China and Central Asia

9669: 9450:

Early Philosophical Shiism: The Ismaili Neoplatonism

5079:

A schematic of the development of important branches

3652:

that is used to reveal this "esoteric dimension" or

3131:

meaning annihilators as mentioned in Quran 3:152 or

2880: 2853:, the former claiming that the 21st Imam and son of 2416: 2335: 2329: 2323: 2317: 2311: 2305: 2297: 2291: 2285: 2276: 2262: 2242: 2183: 1913: 1897: 1854: 1818: 10875:

The Encyclopedia of Cults, Sects, and New Religions

10516:. New York: I.B.Tauris & Co. Ltd. p. 355. 9447: 9361: 5007:

Principles related to delivering religious edicts (

4907:

This branch held that whoever the political ruler (

4881:their community was either Christianized or became 4667:have their spiritual and temporal head as the 45th 3688:. For example, in the Isma'ili hierarchical ranks ( 3641:) of the religion that contains the divine truths ( 1848: 1842: 71:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 14508:Abū Bakr Muḥāmmad ibn Abdillāh ibn Shabīb al-Basrī 14456:Abū Amr (Abū Mu‘tamīr) Muāmmar ibn Abbād as-Sūlamī 12175:Hīshām ibn Amr al-Fuwātī ash-Shaybānī (Hīshāmīyya) 11290:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. 10441:"Muslim Sect Sees Struggle Through Christian Lens" 9868: 9772:"Nizārī Ismāʿīlī history during the Alamūt period" 8877: 8675:. University of North Carolina Press. p. 35. 3127:is said to have been derived from the Arabic word 34:. For the administrative subdivision of Iran, see 14001:Haisamīyya (Abū ʿAbdallāh Muhammad ibn al-Haisam) 11174: 10862: 10768:"The Origins of the Druze Religion (Fortsetzung)" 10620:. Islamic Voice. 12 February 1998. Archived from 4536:. The denomination is named after its 27th Daʻī, 3988:Approach to the traditional five pillars of Islam 3708:), the Prophets, Legatees, and Imams can perform 2991:coast and parts of Syria was challenged by first 2818:The second split occurred following the death of 16365: 12930: 12164:Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm ibn Sayyār ibn Hāni’ an-Nazzām 10647:. Princeton University Press. pp. 139–140. 9541:"al-Hakim bi Amr Allah: Fatimid Caliph of Egypt" 9411: 8857: 3723:Unlike prophets, the Imams cannot compose a new 3589:view that it is eternal sounds and letters, the 2885:) literally means "the absolute or unrestricted 2661: 2466:as the Imām, whilst the rest of the Shia upheld 14328:Abū Abdillāh Mugīre ibn Sāīd al-ʿIjlī el-Bajalī 12178:Abū Sahl Abbād ibn Sulaimān (Salmān) as-Sāymarī 11200: 11198: 11182:"Introduction by HRH PRINCE GHAZI BIN MUHAMMAD" 9814:"Ismaili Muslims in the remote Pamir mountains" 5058: 4873:) denomination of the Muslims who lived in the 4494:"Tongue of the Dāʻwat". This is written in the 4447:which is distinguished from other forms of the 4224: 4089:Another central act of worship for Ismailis is 3851:("the original religion of Adam") practised by 3696:) is his Legatee, and his successors from Imam 3108: 3075:family living in the scholarly Persian city of 1865:) get their name from their acceptance of Imam 301:2.5 million, or between 5 million to 15 million 10084:(1), 305–316. Münster, Germany: Ugarit-Verlag. 9641: 9456: 9397:. Institute for Ismaili Studies. p. 256. 8710:Spencer C. Tucker & Priscilla Roberts 2008 8624: 5055:the Ja'fari school as stated by the Aga Khan. 4049: 3356:, being Isma'ili, were not subjected to being 14932: 12909:List of contemporary Muslim scholars of Islam 12259:Abū ʿAbdallāh Ibnū’z-Zā‘farānī (Zā‘farānīyya) 11353: 11295:Spencer C. Tucker; Priscilla Roberts (2008). 11262:. Edinburgh, UK: Edinburgh University Press. 10699:The Fatimids and Their Traditions of Learning 10092: 10090: 4969:were the most active branch of the Seveners. 4229:The offshoot of the Muhammad-Shahi or Mumini 3781:) written in Persian by missionaries such as 3207: 1781: 1185: 11195: 10932:. University of Michigan Press. p. 33. 10383: 9621:. University of Chicago Press. p. 139. 9435:Women and the Fatimids in the World of Islam 9288:, State University of New York Press, p. 146 8983: 8968: 8699:. Encyclopaedia Britannica. 20 January 2017. 8657:. Encyclopædia Britannica. 20 January 2017. 8601:. University of Michigan Press. p. 33. 8586:. Encyclopaedia Britannica. 20 January 2017. 8572:. Encyclopaedia Britannica. 20 January 2017. 5017:The three-point declaration (later known as 4973:Inclusion in Amman Message and Islamic Ummah 4734: 2284:In the 1st century after Muhammad, the term 14007:Ishāqīyya (Abū Yaʿqūb Ishāq ibn Mahmashādh) 11222: 10984: 10899: 10868: 10676:. University of Oxford Press. p. 239. 10671: 9648:. Cambridge University Press. p. 299. 4663:While lesser-known and smallest in number, 4443:, a distinctive form of the commonly known 4074:, prayers are not believed to be accepted. 3893:. The Imam is the Pir in Nizari Ismailism. 3796:qaṣā’id a "ginān book in Hunza language". 3142: 2966: 2807:to Dongaon to look after southern part and 14939: 14925: 14028:Tarā'ifīyya (Ahmad ibn ʿAbdūs at-Tarā'ifī) 11380: 11360: 11346: 10955: 10904:. Michigan University Press. p. 114. 10840: 10539:The Ismaʻilis: Their History and Doctrines 10321: 10087: 9645:The Ismaʻilis: Their History and Doctrines 9345:The Ismāʿīlīs: Their history and doctrines 8908: 4594:when he sent his Daʻīs to Jazeera-e Sind. 3847:religions, abrogate the law and introduce 3406:(IIS) and Dr Sarab Atassi-Khattab (IFPO). 2845:The Musta'li line split again between the 1788: 1774: 1192: 1178: 11285: 11228: 11204: 10960:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 14. 10696: 10601: 10511: 10379: 10377: 10298: 10296: 10294: 9950: 9728: 9726: 9724: 9722: 9462: 8974: 8835: 8833: 8670: 4983:King Abdullah II bin Al-Hussein of Jordan 3746: 3372: 3030:, seize Egypt in 1169, forming the Sunni 2490:This tradition would pass on to his son, 1885:, the younger brother of Isma'il, as the 131:Learn how and when to remove this message 13630:Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah 12169:Abū Bakr Abdurrahmān ibn Kaysān al-Asāmm 11095:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 37. 11090: 10704:Journal of the American Oriental Society 10472: 10292: 10290: 10288: 10286: 10284: 10282: 10280: 10278: 10276: 10274: 10225:"The Ismaili: His Highness the Aga Khan" 10018: 10016: 10014: 10012: 10010: 10008: 10006: 10004: 9732: 9587: 9560: 9420:Imagining the End: Visions of Apocalypse 8629:. Oxford University Press. p. 142. 4339: 4114: 3492: 3424:encompasses all creeds and all knowledge 3152: 2718: 2641: 2631: 2513: 2470:as the Imām. The Zaidis argued that any 2404: 2348: 2343: 2078:, and have in recent years emigrated to 13853:Nafi ibn al-Azraq al-Hānafī al-Handhalī 11276: 11257: 11112: 10576: 10536: 10457: 10408: 10252: 10062: 10060: 10058: 10056: 10054: 9974: 9875:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 20. 9769: 9741: 9700: 9675: 9367: 9342: 8883: 7108:17. ʻAlī az-Zāhir li-A'zaz li Din-illah 3575:) of God’s actual cosmic commandments. 3533:who are identified with the archangels 3321:, which includes parts of northeastern 3305:, and they have smaller populations in 16366: 13210: 12853:Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity 11121:BEKTAŞI MONASTERIES IN OTTOMAN HUNGARY 11065: 10927: 10765: 10579:Mediaeval Ismaʻili History and Thought 10414: 10374: 10203: 10194: 10147: 10022: 9824: 9747: 9719: 9520:"Muhammad Al-Mahdi (386–411/996–1021)" 9392: 9162:"Battle of Karbala' | Islamic history" 9130:"Arab Law Quarterly 26 (2012) 393–437" 9041: 8947: 8830: 8746: 8596: 6259:(incorrectly identified as the son of 4945:A branch of the Ismāʿīlī known as the 3513:In the Isma'ili belief, God's Speech ( 3247:(which has both Druze and Nizari) and 1869:as the appointed spiritual successor ( 16119: 15887: 15503: 14920: 12929: 12002:Kanthapuram A. P. Aboobacker Musliyar 11379: 11341: 11279:Historical dictionary of the Ismailis 11118: 11045:. Taylor & Francis. p. 126. 11040: 11012: 10561: 10302: 10271: 10029:The Routledge Companion to the Qur'An 10001: 9765: 9763: 9614: 8912:Памирские мигранты-исмаилиты в России 8627:The Oxford Handbook of American Islam 8422: 8420: 8418: 8416: 8414: 8412: 8410: 8408: 8406: 8404: 8402: 8400: 8398: 8396: 8394: 8392: 8390: 8388: 8386: 8380: 8378: 8376: 8374: 8372: 8370: 8368: 8366: 8364: 8362: 8360: 8358: 8351: 8349: 8342: 8340: 8333: 8331: 8324: 8322: 8320: 8318: 8316: 8314: 8312: 8310: 8308: 8290: 8288: 8286: 8284: 8282: 8280: 8278: 8276: 8274: 8272: 8270: 8268: 8266: 8264: 8262: 8260: 8258: 8256: 8250: 8248: 8246: 8228: 8226: 8224: 8218: 8216: 8214: 8212: 8210: 8208: 8206: 8204: 8202: 8196: 8194: 8192: 8190: 8188: 8186: 8184: 8182: 8180: 8169: 8167: 8160: 8158: 8151: 8140: 8138: 8136: 8134: 8132: 8130: 8128: 8088: 8086: 8084: 8082: 8080: 8078: 8076: 8074: 8072: 8070: 8068: 8066: 8064: 8062: 8060: 8058: 8056: 8054: 8048: 8014: 8012: 8010: 8008: 8006: 8004: 8002: 7994: 7992: 7990: 7988: 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7463: 7461: 7459: 7457: 7455: 7446: 7444: 7442: 7440: 7431: 7429: 7420: 7418: 7416: 7414: 7407: 7405: 7403: 7401: 7399: 7383: 7381: 7379: 7377: 7375: 7373: 7371: 7369: 7367: 7365: 7359: 7357: 7355: 7353: 7351: 7335: 7333: 7331: 7329: 7327: 7321: 7319: 7317: 7315: 7313: 7289: 7287: 7285: 7283: 7281: 7252: 7250: 7248: 7246: 7239: 7237: 7235: 7233: 7231: 7225: 7223: 7221: 7219: 7217: 7215: 7213: 7211: 7209: 7207: 7205: 7203: 7201: 7199: 7197: 7195: 7193: 7191: 7189: 7187: 7181: 7179: 7177: 7175: 7173: 7167: 7165: 7163: 7161: 7159: 7153: 7151: 7149: 7147: 7145: 7143: 7141: 7139: 7137: 7135: 7133: 7131: 7129: 7122: 7120: 7118: 7116: 7114: 7112: 7105: 7103: 7101: 7099: 7092: 7090: 7088: 7086: 7084: 7078: 7076: 7074: 7072: 7070: 7068: 7066: 7064: 7062: 7060: 7058: 7056: 7054: 7052: 7046: 7044: 7042: 7040: 7038: 7036: 7034: 7028: 7026: 7024: 7022: 7020: 7014: 7012: 7010: 7008: 7006: 6994: 6992: 6990: 6988: 6986: 6984: 6978: 6976: 6974: 6972: 6970: 6968: 6959: 6948: 6946: 6944: 6942: 6940: 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5987: 5985: 5983: 5981: 5979: 5977: 5975: 5973: 5971: 5969: 5967: 5962: 5960: 5953: 5951: 5949: 5947: 5945: 5943: 5941: 5939: 5937: 5935: 5933: 5931: 5929: 5927: 5925: 5907: 5905: 5903: 5901: 5899: 5897: 5895: 5893: 5891: 5889: 5887: 5885: 5883: 5881: 5879: 5877: 5859: 5857: 5855: 5853: 5851: 5849: 5847: 5845: 5843: 5841: 5839: 5837: 5835: 5833: 5831: 5793: 5791: 5789: 5787: 5785: 5783: 5781: 5779: 5777: 5775: 5773: 5771: 5769: 5767: 5731: 5729: 5712: 5710: 5708: 5706: 5704: 5702: 5700: 5698: 5696: 5694: 5692: 5690: 5688: 5682: 5676: 5674: 5672: 5670: 5668: 5666: 5664: 5662: 5660: 5658: 5656: 5649: 5643: 5641: 5639: 5637: 5635: 5633: 5631: 5629: 5627: 5625: 5623: 5621: 5619: 5613: 5607: 5605: 5603: 5601: 5599: 5597: 5595: 5593: 5591: 5589: 5587: 5585: 5583: 5581: 5570: 5564: 5562: 5560: 5558: 5556: 5554: 5552: 5550: 5548: 5546: 5544: 5542: 5540: 5534: 5528: 5526: 5524: 5522: 5520: 5518: 5516: 5514: 5512: 5510: 5508: 5506: 5499: 5493: 5491: 5489: 5487: 5485: 5483: 5481: 5479: 5477: 5475: 5473: 5471: 5469: 5463: 5457: 5455: 5453: 5451: 5449: 5447: 5445: 5443: 5436: 5430: 5428: 5426: 5424: 5422: 5420: 5418: 5416: 5414: 5412: 5406: 5400: 5398: 5396: 5394: 5392: 5390: 5388: 5386: 5375: 5369: 5367: 5365: 5363: 5361: 5359: 5357: 5355: 5353: 5351: 5349: 5347: 5345: 5339: 5333: 5331: 5329: 5327: 5325: 5323: 5321: 5319: 5308: 5302: 5300: 5298: 5296: 5294: 5292: 5290: 5288: 5286: 5284: 5282: 5280: 5278: 5272: 5266: 5264: 5262: 5260: 5258: 5256: 5254: 5252: 5241: 5235: 5233: 5231: 5229: 5227: 5225: 5223: 5221: 5219: 5217: 5215: 5213: 5211: 5205: 5199: 5197: 5195: 5193: 5191: 5189: 5187: 5185: 5180: 5174: 5172: 5170: 5168: 5166: 5164: 5162: 5160: 5158: 5156: 5154: 5152: 5150: 5144: 5138: 5136: 5134: 5132: 5130: 5128: 5126: 5124: 5119: 5113: 5111: 5109: 5107: 5105: 5103: 5101: 5099: 5097: 5095: 5093: 5091: 5089: 5087: 5085: 5019:The Three Points of the Amman Message 4961:and bring about an age of justice as 4233:Ismailis who follow the elder son of 3765:to interpret the meanings of Quranic 3656:of the divine revelation is known as 3281:have maintained large populations in 3181:(resurrection) at the grounds of the 15888: 15504: 11367: 11127:. pp. 227–248 Vol. 61, No. 1/2. 10345: 10195:Gnosis, Ismaili (28 December 2015). 10122: 10051: 9843: 9480:Classical Islam: A History, 600–1258 9433:Delia Cortese, Simonetta Calderini. 9208:"Ashoura through the eyes of Sunnis" 5067:, followed by the Ismailis then the 3716:) to the lower ranks of the Ismaili 3489:Esoteric interpretation of the Quran 3482: 2136: 69:adding citations to reliable sources 40: 13641:ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Hārb ibn al-Kindi 9982:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 9299:"Imam Ja'far b. Muhammad al Sadi'q" 8747:Foundation, Encyclopaedia Iranica. 4835: 4357: 4212:to this critique by claiming that: 3778: 3448:, with the understanding that they 3214:Mongol campaign against the Nizaris 3086:Legend holds that he met with Imam 2870: 2252: 2247:) Husayn was the "Permanent Imam" ( 2232: 1994:The larger sect of Ismaili are the 1808: 1077:ʿAbd al-Majīd al-Ḥāfiz li-Dīn Allāh 167: 159: 13: 11242:. Vol. I/6. pp. 638–639. 11218:. Vol. I/2. pp. 182–183. 9760: 8749:"Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica" 5719: 4407:, but there is also a significant 4207:Barriers to realization of reforms 4154:. Aga Hassan ʻAlī Shah settled in 3982: 3048: 2842:Isma'ilis had accepted his claim. 2723:The Fatimid Caliphate at its peak. 2715:The Middle East under Fatimid rule 14: 16390: 14013:Muhājirīyya (Ibrāhīm ibn Muhājir) 11315: 11070:. Soft Skull Press. p. 129. 10460:A Modern History of the Ismaʻilis 4690: 3625:is the "locus of manifestation" ( 3173:) over the exterior meaning (the 2577: 2566:The Book of the Sage and Disciple 2417:The beginnings of Ismāʿīlī Daʿwah 2290:was not specifically defined as " 16348: 16347: 16336: 15867:Schools of islamic jurisprudence 15115:Timeline of the history of Islam 14946: 14031:Tūnīyya (Abū Bakr ibn ʿAbdallāh) 12253:Abū Amr (Abū Yahyā) Hāfs al-Fard 12125:Abū Marwān Gaylān ibn Mūslīm ad- 11803:Abū Ḥanīfah al-Nu'mān ibn Thābit 11153: 11131: 11084: 11059: 11034: 11006: 10417:A Modern History of the Ismailis 9831: 9321:"Succession of Ismail ibn Jafar" 9051:. Oxford University Press, USA. 8917:Pamir Ismaili Migrants in Russia 5956:6. Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar al-Mubārak 5439:3. Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin 4789:, Druze also are not considered 4329: 3870: 3712:and disclose it as instruction ( 3071:Hassan-i Sabbah was born into a 2010:, but Isma'ilis can be found in 1829: 1757: 1226: 1161: 1053:ʿAlī al-Ẓāhir li-iʿzāz Dīn Allāh 332: 253:Branches and sects of Isma'ilism 176: 45: 16208:List of ex-Muslim organisations 14578:United Submitters International 13862:Abu Bayhas al-Hāytham ibn Jābir 13240:Alid dynasties of northern Iran 12593:Al-Mu'ayyad fi'l-Din al-Shirazi 11281:. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press. 11260:A Short History of the Ismailis 11210:"ʿAbdallāh b. Maymūn al-Qaddāḥ" 10978: 10949: 10921: 10893: 10834: 10808: 10759: 10690: 10665: 10636: 10610: 10602:Hollister, John Norman (1979). 10595: 10570: 10555: 10530: 10505: 10491: 10466: 10451: 10433: 10339: 10255:A Short History of the Ismailis 10217: 10188: 10141: 10116: 10070: 10023:Andani, Khalil (January 2021). 9968: 9896: 9862: 9806: 9694: 9678:A Short History of the Ismailis 9635: 9608: 9581: 9564:The Tribes and Castes of Bombay 9554: 9533: 9512: 9486: 9471: 9441: 9426: 9418:Abbas Amanat, Magnus Thorkell. 9386: 9370:A Short History of the Ismailis 9312: 9291: 9273: 9252: 9226: 9200: 9179: 9154: 9122: 9112: 9099: 9086: 9065: 9035: 9009: 8941: 8902: 8886:A Short History of the Ismailis 8858:Sarfaroz Niyozov (March 2010). 8851: 8805: 8780: 8759: 8740: 8715: 8625:Yazbeck Haddad, Yvonne (2014). 4704: 2983:, which led to the devastating 2427:After being set free by Yazid, 1952:groups focusing on divine law ( 1877:, wherein they differ from the 994:Muhammad ibn Ismāʿīl ash-Shākir 56:needs additional citations for 14872:Sunni schools of jurisprudence 13890:Abū Yazīd Mukhallad ibn Kayrād 12603:Abu'l-Fawaris Ahmad ibn Ya'qub 12598:Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Naysaburi 12256:Muḥāmmad ibn ʿĪsā (Burgūsīyya) 11877:Abu Ishaq al-Saffar al-Bukhari 10985:R. Williams, Victoria (2020). 9964:: Dar Sadir. 1957. p. 52. 9478:Gustave Edmund Von Grunebaum. 8689: 8664: 8647: 8618: 8590: 8576: 8562: 8536: 8493:List of the Order of Assassins 6261:ʿAbdallāh ibn Maymūn al-Qaddāḥ 6099:ʿAbdallāh ibn Maymūn al-Qaddāḥ 4785:no longer consider themselves 4624: 4253:in the absence of their Imam. 3791:ʿAllāmah Naṣīr al-Dīn Hunzai's 3442:, with the aim to grasp their 1072:Manṣūr al-Āmir bi-Aḥkām’il-Lāh 1063:Nizār al-Muṣṭafā li-Dīn’il-Lāh 1: 14304:al-Mufaddal ibn Umar al-Ju'fi 12630:Ali ibn Muhammad ibn al-Walid 10564:Muslim Communities in Gujarat 10473:Engineer, Asghar Ali (1980). 10384:Khoja Moolji, Sheila (2018). 10349:Ismaili Hymns from South Asia 10346:Moir, Zawahir (4 July 2013). 10305:The Islamic Marriage Contract 9588:Engineer, Asghar Ali (1993). 8524: 8488:List of Isma'ili missionaries 6962:16. Dâʼî-Âʼzam Târiqʼûl-Hâkim 4840: 4467:after the demise of the 52nd 3889:, the head Dai is called the 3799: 3727:, instead they interpret the 2662:Rise of the Fatimid Caliphate 2563:Ja'far bin Mansur al-Yaman's 2448:Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin 1956:) and the deeds and sayings ( 989:Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar al-Mubārak 298: 252: 16193:Apostasy in Islam by country 16070:Liberalism and progressivism 13992:ʿĀbidīyya (ʿUthmān al-ʿĀbid) 13933:Abd Allah ibn Wahb al-Rasibi 13914:'Abdullāh ibn Ibāḍ al-Tamimi 12932:Islamic schools and branches 11767:Abdullah ibn Alawi al-Haddad 11672:Izz al-Din ibn 'Abd al-Salam 11333:Institute of Ismaili Studies 10900:De McLaurin, Ronald (1979). 10148:Virani, Shafique N. (2010). 9844:Ethé, Karl Hermann (1911). " 9784:10.1017/cbo9780511497551.009 8813:"Early Philosophical Shiism" 8529: 7257:Maʼadd al-Mûstansir bi l-Lāh 6964:Abū ʿAlī Manṣūr bi-AmrʿAllâh 6595:ʿAbd Allâh al-Mahdī bi l-Lāh 5059:Ismailism amongst Shia Islam 4641:ʻAli Shams al-Din b. Ibrahim 4509: 4279: 4225:Muhammad-Shahi Nizari/Mumini 4166: 3720:, including regular people. 3340:mainly settled in Syria and 3237: 3109:The Hashasheen / Assassiyoon 3024:Nur ad-Din, atabeg of Aleppo 2922:list of Dai of Dawoodi Bohra 2649:in Cairo, Egypt, erected by 2128:History of Nizari Isma'ilism 1979:, as well as the closing of 1912:into the more literalistic ( 1589:Bektashism and folk religion 1048:Manṣūr al-Ḥākim bi-Amr Allāh 1038:Maʿad al-Muʿizz li-Dīn Allāh 1023:ʿAbd Allāh al-Mahdī bi'l-Lāh 7: 16379:Esoteric schools of thought 13924:Abu Qudama Yazid ibn Fandin 12620:Hassan Ala Dhikrihi's Salam 11977:Muhammad Zakariya Kandhlawi 11912:Najm al-Din 'Umar al-Nasafi 11068:Journey to the End of Islam 10766:Bryer, David R. W. (1975). 10672:R. W. Bryer, David (1979). 10329:"His Highness the Aga Khan" 9869:Ildikó Bellér-Hann (2007). 9703:A History of Medieval Islam 8430: 6112:(incorrectly identified as 6097:(incorrectly identified as 4934: 4891:Ottoman conquest of Hungary 4851:According to the historian 4816: 4809:, rather they were kuffār ( 4524:are mostly concentrated in 4110: 4050:Additional Isma'ili pillars 2881: 2834:sources his son escaped to 2336: 2330: 2324: 2318: 2312: 2306: 2298: 2292: 2286: 2277: 2263: 2243: 2184: 2174:Soon after his ascendancy, 1914: 1898: 1819: 1058:Maʿad al-Mustanṣir bi'l-Lāh 30:For the Egyptian city, see 10: 16395: 16120: 14675:Bandagi Mian Syed Khundmir 14120:Muhammad ibn Ziyād al-Kūfī 13873:Najdah ibn 'Amir al-Hānafī 13551:Nasir Khusraw al-Qubadiani 13035:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab 12291:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab 11922:Shams al-Din al-Samarqandi 11882:Abu al-Layth al-Samarqandi 11707:Abd al-Rahman al-Tha'alibi 11250: 11013:Roald, Anne Sofie (2011). 10956:D. Grafton, David (2009). 10786:10.1515/islm.1975.52.2.239 10512:Qutbuddin, Tahera (2011). 9960:(in Arabic). Vol. 4. 9904:Sir Thomas Douglas Forsyth 9733:Campbell, Anthony (2004). 9705:. Routledge. p. 151. 9594:. Vikas Publishing House. 8909:Kalandarov, T. C. (2005). 8817:Cambridge University Press 8473:List of extinct Shia sects 4938: 4900: 4844: 4820: 4750: 4719:, under the leadership of 4708: 4694: 4628: 4513: 4506:, and Arabic and Persian. 4333: 4283: 4131: 4084: 4070:of the body, clothes, and 3991: 3953: 3936: 3900: 3874: 3818: 3814: 3803: 3750: 3613:and poet Nasir-i Khusraw ( 3503:meaning apparent, and the 3486: 3475:Epistles of Ikhwan al-Safa 3416:Seven pillars of Ismailism 3413: 3409: 3211: 3208:Destruction by the Mongols 3146: 3112: 3052: 3041: 2735:that included at its peak 2665: 2635: 2581: 2517: 2420: 2352: 2140: 2113: 2109: 1067:Aḥmad al-Mustāʿlī bi'l-Lāh 771:Hassan Ala Zikrihi's Salam 29: 18: 16331: 16216: 16183: 16133: 16129: 16115: 16042: 16009: 15981:Geography and cartography 15956: 15903: 15899: 15883: 15709: 15631: 15578: 15527: 15523: 15499: 15369: 15251: 15211: 15094: 15046: 14970: 14966: 14955: 14866: 14819: 14771: 14725: 14615: 14602: 14541: 14438: 14381: 14364: 14251: 14199: 14190: 14129: 14046: 13980: 13957: 13904: 13824: 13809: 13739: 13606: 13449: 13313: 13288: 13264:Extinct Zaydi Shi'a sects 13201: 13101: 12951: 12942: 12938: 12925: 12899: 12844: 12791: 12687: 12680: 12638: 12608:Tayyibi Ismā'īlī doctrine 12568: 12426: 12323:Muqbil bin Hadi al-Wadi'i 12271: 12241: 12148: 12116: 12057: 12015: 11836: 11790: 11777:Muhammad Arafa al-Desouki 11752:Abu Ali al-Hassan al-Yusi 11602:Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani 11541: 11532: 11500: 11472: 11439: 11411: 11404: 11400: 11375: 11286:Steinberg, Jonah (2011). 10989:. ABC-CLIO. p. 318. 10845:. Routledge. p. 33. 10841:J. Stewart, Dona (2008). 10713:American Oriental Society 10166:10.1080/00210860903541988 9448:Abū Yaʻqūb Al-Sijistānī. 9107:The Charismatic Community 9094:The Charismatic Community 8671:Steinberg, Jonah (2011). 8498:Nasir al-Din Nasir Hunzai 8302: 8300: 8298: 8254: 8252: 8244: 8240: 8234: 8222: 8220: 8178: 8176: 8172:Progressive Dawoodi Bohra 8149: 8147: 8122: 8120: 8118: 8112: 8110: 8108: 8102: 8096: 8052: 8050: 8046: 8042: 8040: 8038: 8036: 8034: 8028: 8026: 8024: 8022: 8020: 7998: 7945: 7890: 7888: 7880: 7878: 7870: 7868: 7838: 7799: 7728: 7726: 7724: 7690: 7688: 7680: 7676: 7670: 7592: 7521: 7519: 7507: 7505: 7497: 7495: 7483: 7481: 7393: 7391: 7389: 7363: 7361: 7349: 7345: 7343: 7341: 7337: 7325: 7323: 7307: 7305: 7303: 7301: 7299: 7297: 7295: 7293: 7279: 7275: 7273: 7271: 7269: 7267: 7265: 7263: 7261: 7185: 7183: 7171: 7169: 7050: 7048: 7032: 7030: 7018: 7016: 7002: 7000: 6998: 6982: 6980: 6957: 6955: 6953: 6908: 6906: 6890: 6888: 6876: 6874: 6832: 6830: 6814: 6812: 6800: 6798: 6770: 6768: 6690: 6688: 6680: 6678: 6670: 6668: 6616: 6614: 6564: 6532: 6530: 6522: 6520: 6516: 6512: 6508: 6450: 6448: 6366: 6364: 6356: 6354: 6346: 6344: 6197: 6195: 6187: 6185: 6177: 6175: 6149: 6103: 6035: 6033: 6025: 6023: 5919: 5917: 5915: 5875: 5871: 5865: 5825: 5823: 5821: 5819: 5817: 5815: 5813: 5811: 5809: 5807: 5805: 5803: 5801: 5799: 5797: 5765: 5761: 5759: 5757: 5755: 5753: 5751: 5749: 5747: 5745: 5743: 5741: 5739: 5737: 5735: 5733: 5686: 5684: 5617: 5615: 5538: 5536: 5467: 5465: 5410: 5408: 5343: 5341: 5276: 5274: 5209: 5207: 5148: 5146: 5049:Prince Ghazi bin Muhammad 4896: 4741:Progressive Dawoodi Bohra 4735:Progressive Dawoodi Bohra 4310:. Minority groups of the 4127: 3971:For the Shia, the Light ( 3821:Imamah (Ismaili doctrine) 3037: 1823:) is a branch or sect of 801:Nasir al-Din Nasir Hunzai 294: 284: 270: 258: 246: 226: 216: 204: 194: 175: 152: 147: 16290:Islamic view of miracles 14293:Umayr ibn Bayān al-ʿIjlī 13168:Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi 12782:The Moderation in Belief 12663:Al-Hadi ila'l-Haqq Yahya 12401:Ahmad ibn Umar al-Hazimi 11972:Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri 11902:Jamal al-Din al-Ghaznawi 11277:Daftary, Farhad (2012). 11258:Daftary, Farhad (1998). 11093:The A to Z of the Druzes 11066:Knight, Michael (2009). 10928:Hunter, Shireen (2010). 10577:Daftary, Farhad (1996). 10562:Misra, Satish C (1985). 10537:Daftary, Farhad (2007). 10458:Daftary, Farhad (2011). 10253:Daftary, Farhad (1998). 10076:Van-Skyhawk, H. (2005). 10037:10.4324/9781315885360-31 9997:– via iep.utm.edu. 9770:Daftary, Farhad (2007), 9676:Daftary, Farhad (1998). 9561:Enthoven, R. E. (1922). 9368:Daftary, Farhad (1998). 9343:Daftary, Farhad (1990). 8884:Daftary, Farhad (1998). 8767:"Shaykh Ahmad al-Ahsa'i" 8597:Hunter, Shireen (2010). 7436:al-Muṣṭafá li-Dīnʼil-Lāh 7255:18. Dâʼî-Âʼzam Abû Tamîm 6421:10. Radî/Zakî ʿAbd Allâh 6093:(ʻAbdullāh bin Muhammad) 4746: 4384:(The Arabic Academy) in 4140:Prince Karim Aga Khan IV 3932: 3919:(exoteric) form and the 3896: 3700:to the Fatimid Caliphs ( 3648:The method of spiritual 3143:Threshold of the Imāmate 2967:Decline of the Caliphate 2731:became the center of an 2668:Abdullah al-Mahdi Billah 1736:Umm Farwah bint al-Qasim 25:Ismaili (disambiguation) 16055:Creationism (evolution) 14750:Jamal ad-Din al-Afghani 14146:Hammād ibn Abū Sūlaimān 14064:Yūnus ibn Awn an-Namīrī 13836:Abd al-Karīm ibn Adjrād 12775:Divan-i Shams-i Tabrizi 12733:Al-Aqidah al-Tahawiyyah 12588:Hamid al-Din al-Kirmani 11992:Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi 11897:Akmal al-Din al-Babarti 11887:'Ala' al-Din al-Bukhari 11727:Al-Maqqari al-Tilmisani 11682:Shihab al-Din al-Qarafi 11617:Abu Ishaq al-Isfara'ini 11091:S. Swayd, Samy (2009). 11041:Zabad, Ibrahim (2017). 9958:Rasa'il Ikhwan al-Safa' 9855:Encyclopædia Britannica 9735:The Assassins of Alamut 9642:Farhad Daftary (1992). 9166:Encyclopædia Britannica 8845:6 November 2011 at the 8723:"Definition of Ismaili" 8544:"World View – Aga Khan" 8478:List of Ismaili castles 6255:(ʿAhmad ibn ʿAbd Allâh) 6108:7. Muhammad ibn Isma'il 3949: 2855:al-Amir bi-Ahkami'l-Lah 2452:Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik 2446:After the poisoning of 2223:and then later his son 2195:Following this battle, 2182:, that Ali should take 1936:groups focusing on the 1043:Nizār al-ʿAzīz biʾllāh, 696:ibn al-Fadl al-Jayshani 16305:Persecution of Muslims 16203:List of former Muslims 15120:Succession to Muhammad 14422:Galip Hassan Kuscuoglu 14004:Hīdīyya (Hīd ibn Saif) 13497:Baha al-Din al-Muqtana 12992:Khwaja Abdullah Ansari 12653:Ahmad ibn Isa ibn Zayd 12648:Abu'l-Jarud al-Hamdani 12583:Abu Yaqub al-Sijistani 12543:Agha Zia ol Din Araghi 12528:Mohammad-Baqer Majlesi 12208:Abu al-Husayn al-Basri 12203:Al-Qadi 'Abd al-Jabbar 11962:Shah Waliullah Dehlawi 11872:Abu al-Mu'in al-Nasafi 11867:Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi 11852:Al-Hakim al-Samarqandi 11722:Jalal al-Din al-Dawani 11687:Abu Hayyan al-Gharnati 11612:Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi 11119:Sudár, Balázs (2008). 11017:. BRILL. p. 255. 9701:Saunder, J.J. (1978). 9393:Morris, James (2002). 8948:Turner, Colin (2006). 8483:List of Isma'ili imams 5724: 4592:al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah 4528:but are also found in 4439:), and women wear the 4345: 4124: 4060:ritual purity in Islam 3806:Numerology (Ismailism) 3747:The Ginans and Qasidas 3580:Al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah 3510: 3470: 3373:Ismaili historiography 3162: 2724: 2658: 2598:Abu'l-Fadl al-Isfahani 2569:is a classic of early 2458:'s companions and the 2413: 2143:Succession to Muhammad 1964:who were guides and a 1671:Khadija bint Khuwaylid 1258:Succession to Muhammad 16099:Conversion to mosques 15966:Alchemy and chemistry 14691:Wallace Fard Muhammad 13648:Abdallah ibn Mu'awiya 13155:Fazl-e-Haq Khairabadi 12904:Early Muslim scholars 12712:Al-Farq bayn al-Firaq 11982:Rahmatullah Kairanawi 11732:Abd al-Rahman al-Fasi 11642:Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi 11327:Encyclopaedia Iranica 10415:Kassam, Zayn (2011). 10358:10.4324/9781315027746 9615:Blank, Jonah (2001). 9238:Ajam Media Collective 7777:At-Tayyib Abu'l-Qasim 6606:ibn Bahram al-Jannabi 5723: 5047:The summarization by 4996:Excommunication from 4919:, after the reign of 4772:Al-Ḥākim bi-Amr Allāh 4520:Founded in 1592, the 4382:Al Jamea tus Saifiyah 4343: 4235:Shams al-Din (Nizari) 4118: 4024:In terms of fasting ( 3994:Five pillars of Islam 3825:List of Ismaili imams 3561:with a divine light ( 3496: 3420: 3414:Further information: 3187:Nizārī Ismā'īlī state 3156: 2898:at-Tayyib Abu'l-Qasim 2791:al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah 2722: 2651:al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah 2645: 2632:The Fatimid Caliphate 2514:Ascension of the Dais 2408: 2349:The Battle of Karbala 2344:Karbala and afterward 2132:Isma'ili Constitution 2114:Further information: 1764:Shia Islam portal 1390:Verse of purification 1237:Beliefs and practices 1081:Abu'l-Qāsim al-Tayyib 756:Queen Arwa al-Sulayhi 691:ibn Faraj ibn Ḥawshab 15825:Ma malakat aymanukum 15400:Association football 14342:‘Ulyanīyya/'Alyaīyya 14137:Al-Harith ibn Surayj 13327:Theology of Twelvers 13172:Rashid Ahmad Gangohi 12719:Al-Milal wa al-Nihal 12518:Nasir al-Din al-Tusi 11917:Siraj al-Din al-Ushi 11907:Nur al-Din al-Sabuni 11892:Al-Sharif al-Jurjani 11712:Ibn Hajar al-Haytami 11677:Taqi al-Din al-Subki 11667:Sayf al-Din al-Amidi 11662:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi 11637:Abu al-Walid al-Baji 11239:Encyclopædia Iranica 11234:"Aḥmad b. ʿAbdallāh" 11215:Encyclopædia Iranica 10123:Halm, Heinz (1988). 9975:Steigerwald, Diana. 9105:Maria Masse Dakake, 9092:Maria Masse Dakake, 8975:ibn Abu Talib, Ali. 8954:. Psychology Press. 8508:Nizari Ismaili state 7787:Nizari Ismaili state 7434:19. Abū Manṣūr Nizār 7423:19. Imâm Abû'l-Qâsim 6593:11. Abû Muhammad Ali 5502:4. Muhammad al-Baqir 5035:Muslim by definition 5021:) included both the 4957:, would return from 4955:Muhammad ibn Isma'il 4721:Abdul Hussain Jivaji 4652:centre in Vadodara. 4498:but is derived from 4259:Ahmadnagar Sultanate 4144:Aga Hassan ʻAlī Shah 3979:) of the Intellect. 3149:Nizar (Fatimid Imam) 3092:Nizar (Fatimid Imam) 3044:Nizari Ismaili state 2995:invasions, then the 2789:) occurred with the 2614:Abu Tahir al-Jannabi 2371:during the month of 2244:al-imām al-mustawdaʿ 1894:Muhammad ibn Isma'il 1686:Umm Kulthum bint Ali 1365:Mourning of Muharram 1295:Mourning of Muharram 1017:(ar-Raḍī ʿAbd Allāh) 877:Palace of Queen Arwa 711:Abu Tahir al-Jannabi 706:Abu Sa'id al-Jannabi 674:Nizari Ismaili state 65:improve this article 16:Branch of Shia Islam 14571:Ghulam Ahmed Pervez 14318:Abū Mānsūr al-ʿIjlī 14290:ʿIjlīyya/Umayrīyya 14088:Abū Sawbān al-Murjī 13750:An-Nafs Az-Zakiyyah 13057:Other Salafi trends 12886:Musta'li Isma'ilism 12802:Eʿteqādātal-Emāmīya 12193:Ja'far ibn Mūbassīr 11957:Anwar Shah Kashmiri 11607:Zakariyya al-Ansari 10303:Asani, Ali (2008). 9073:"Ali bin Abu Talib" 6425:(Husayn bin ʿAhmad) 4538:Sulayman bin Hassan 4262:Burhan Nizam Shah I 4077:For the Isma'ilis, 3539:Michael (archangel) 3088:al-Mustansir Billah 2820:al-Mustansir Billah 2657:and Fatimid Caliph. 2264:al-imām al-mustaqar 2190:Battle of the Camel 2104:Trinidad and Tobago 1940:path and nature of 1892:After the death of 1701:Ruqayya bint Husayn 1608:Extinct Shi'a sects 1328:Days of remembrance 1315:Arbaʽeen Pilgrimage 1310:The Four Companions 776:Rashid ad-Din Sinan 701:ibn Mansur al-Yaman 266:, and North America 23:. For Ismaili, see 16310:Quran and miracles 16224:Criticism of Islam 15938:Geometric patterns 15790:Gender segregation 15361:Non-denominational 14870:Other scholars of 14761:Islamic modernists 14735:Modernist Salafism 14391:Qutb ad-Dīn Haydar 14350:Abdullah ibn Saba' 14285:Muʿāmmar ibn Ahmar 14170:Ibrāhim ibn Yousūf 14158:Mūsā ibn Abū Kasīr 14149:Muhārīb ibn Dithār 14080:Abū Muāz at-Tūmanī 13402:Astarabadi (Naimi) 13132:Abdullah al-Harari 13086:Muhammad bin Dawud 13019:Syed Nazeer Husain 12754:Tabsirat al-Adilla 12668:Al-Mansur al-Qasim 12503:Al-Shaykh Al-Mufid 12350:Syed Nazeer Husain 12273:Salafi Theologians 12025:Al-Ja'd ibn Dirham 11997:Muhammad Abu Zahra 11782:Ahmad Zayni Dahlan 11632:Abdul Qadir Gilani 11141:. Ammanmessage.com 10604:The Shiʻa of India 10447:. 21 October 2010. 10445:The New York Times 10335:. 25 October 2007. 10231:on 6 November 2011 9938:on 10 October 2010 9023:on 2 November 2011 8727:www.dictionary.com 8448:Brethren of Purity 8154:Atba-î Malak Bohra 7770:Tayyibi Ismaʻilism 7425:ʿAhmad al-Mustâʻlî 7410:Epistles of Wisdom 5725: 5652:5. Ja'far al-Sadiq 4989:Defining who is a 4915:was, was also the 4879:Kingdom of Hungary 4875:Kingdom of Hungary 4803:People of the Book 4729:Atba-i-Malak Vakil 4725:Atba-i-Malak Badar 4481:Khuzaima Qutbuddin 4477:Mufaddal Saifuddin 4465:currently disputed 4346: 4322:exterior rituals ( 4304:Mufaddal Saifuddin 4125: 3849:din Adama al-awwal 3511: 3473:—Excerpt from the 3354:Tajiks of Xinjiang 3163: 3115:Order of Assassins 2975:(governors of the 2971:In the 1040s, the 2725: 2659: 2431:, the daughter of 2414: 2120:Tayyibi Isma'ilism 2116:Musta'li Ismailism 1960:) of Muhammad and 1521:Atba-i-Malak Bohra 1448:Branches and sects 1395:Two weighty things 1138:Mufaddal Saifuddin 1009:(al-Taqī Muhammad) 933:House of Knowledge 823:Nizārī strongholds 554:Atba-i-Malak Bohra 182:Ismaili Center in 16361: 16360: 16327: 16326: 16323: 16322: 16295:Domestic violence 16285:Islamic terrorism 16280:Islamic extremism 16111: 16110: 16107: 16106: 15879: 15878: 15875: 15874: 15665:Marriage contract 15495: 15494: 15455:Political aspects 15242:Story of Prophets 15011:Prophets of Islam 14914: 14913: 14910: 14909: 14906: 14905: 14862: 14861: 14671:Muhammad Jaunpuri 14598: 14597: 14524:Sumāma ibn Ashras 14360: 14359: 14211:Dāwūd al-Jawāribî 14186: 14185: 14056:Gaylān ibn Marwān 13953: 13952: 13805: 13804: 13468:Abdallah al-Aftah 13284: 13283: 13197: 13196: 13181:Necmettin Erbakan 13023:Siddiq Hasan Khan 12987:Al-Qadi Abu Ya'la 12921: 12920: 12917: 12916: 12895: 12894: 12835:Tajrid al-I'tiqad 12829:Tashih al-I'tiqad 12740:Al-Sawad al-A'zam 12676: 12675: 12658:Al-Qasim al-Rassi 12625:Idris Imad al-Din 12578:Al-Qadi al-Nu'man 12553:Ruhollah Khomeini 12533:Zurarah ibn A'yan 12508:Sharif al-Murtaza 12496:Muhammad al-Mahdi 12481:Muhammad al-Jawad 12461:Muhammad al-Baqir 12362:Siddiq Hasan Khan 12338:Rabee al-Madkhali 11987:Murtada al-Zabidi 11762:Ibrahim al-Bajuri 11528: 11527: 11306:978-18-5109-842-2 10548:978-0-521-61636-2 10523:978-1-84511-717-7 10426:978-1-84511-717-7 10314:978-0-674-02821-0 10104:on 4 October 2018 9977:"Ikhwan al-Safa'" 9882:978-0-7546-7041-4 9793:978-0-511-49755-1 9628:978-0-226-05676-0 9601:978-0-7069-6921-4 9240:. 3 November 2014 9214:. 9 November 2014 9187:"Hussain bin Ali" 9058:978-0-19-804259-4 8951:Islam: The Basics 8753:iranicaonline.org 8453:Fatimid Caliphate 8428: 8427: 7753:Hafizi Ismaʻilism 6293:Muhammad al-Jawad 5718: 5717: 4913:Fatimid Caliphate 4673:Haatim Zakiyuddin 3702:Fatimid Caliphate 3553:) and "support" ( 3509:, meaning hidden. 3483:View on the Quran 3387:Idris Imad al-Din 3358:enslaved in China 3325:and southeastern 3264:Hamdanids (Yemen) 3123:The English word 3099:citadel of Alamut 3026:had his general, 2882:al-dāʿī al-muṭlaq 2879: 2826:, the older, and 2769:Mediterranean Sea 2755:coast of Africa, 2702:Baghdad Manifesto 2690:Abbasid Caliphate 2638:Fatimid Caliphate 2538:Abbasid Caliphate 2503:Ismaʻil ibn Jafar 2468:Muhammad al-Baqir 2355:Battle of Karbala 2261: 2241: 2137:Succession crisis 2124:Nizari Isma'ilism 1981:divine revelation 1973:Fatimid Caliphate 1867:Isma'il ibn Jafar 1817: 1798: 1797: 1731:Fatimah bint Asad 1696:Fatima bint Hasan 1425:Battle of Karbala 1202: 1201: 1129:Haatim Zakiyuddin 1093:Incumbent leaders 928:Baghdad Manifesto 882:Queen Arwa Mosque 649:Fatimid Caliphate 305: 304: 141: 140: 133: 115: 21:Ismaili (surname) 16386: 16351: 16350: 16343:Islam portal 16341: 16340: 16339: 16131: 16130: 16123: 16117: 16116: 15958:Medieval science 15901: 15900: 15891: 15885: 15884: 15542:Economic history 15525: 15524: 15501: 15500: 15487:Islam by country 15320:Bektashi Alevism 14968: 14967: 14959:Outline of Islam 14941: 14934: 14927: 14918: 14917: 14613: 14612: 14379: 14378: 14197: 14196: 14173:Nusayr ibn Yahyā 14155:Awn ibn Abdullāh 14142:Sa'id ibn Jubayr 14112:Ubayd al-Mūktaib 13978: 13977: 13822: 13821: 13791:ʿAjlan ibn Nawus 13760:Maḥmūd Pasīkhānī 13729:Khashabiyya Shia 13665:Bayān ibn Sam‘ān 13623:Abū ʿAmra Kaysān 13406:Imadaddin Nasimi 13311: 13310: 13208: 13207: 13079:Salafi Modernism 12982:Ahmad ibn Hanbal 12949: 12948: 12940: 12939: 12927: 12926: 12823:Awail Al Maqalat 12705:Al-Baz al-Ashhab 12685: 12684: 12615:Dhu'ayb ibn Musa 12570:Isma'ili Shi'ism 12558:Wilayat al-faqih 12538:Hisham ibn Hakam 12523:Allamah Al-Hilli 11747:Muhammad Mayyara 11539: 11538: 11409: 11408: 11402: 11401: 11377: 11376: 11369:Islamic theology 11362: 11355: 11348: 11339: 11338: 11310: 11291: 11282: 11273: 11244: 11243: 11226: 11220: 11219: 11202: 11193: 11192: 11190: 11188: 11178: 11172: 11171: 11169: 11167: 11157: 11151: 11150: 11148: 11146: 11135: 11129: 11128: 11116: 11110: 11109: 11088: 11082: 11081: 11063: 11057: 11056: 11038: 11032: 11031: 11010: 11004: 11003: 10982: 10976: 10975: 10953: 10947: 10946: 10925: 10919: 10918: 10897: 10891: 10890: 10888: 10886: 10880:Prometheus Books 10866: 10860: 10859: 10838: 10832: 10831: 10829: 10827: 10812: 10806: 10805: 10763: 10757: 10756: 10701:by Heinz Halm". 10694: 10688: 10687: 10669: 10663: 10662: 10640: 10634: 10633: 10631: 10629: 10614: 10608: 10607: 10599: 10593: 10592: 10574: 10568: 10567: 10559: 10553: 10552: 10534: 10528: 10527: 10509: 10503: 10495: 10489: 10488: 10470: 10464: 10463: 10455: 10449: 10448: 10437: 10431: 10430: 10412: 10406: 10405: 10381: 10372: 10371: 10343: 10337: 10336: 10325: 10319: 10318: 10300: 10269: 10268: 10250: 10241: 10240: 10238: 10236: 10227:. Archived from 10221: 10215: 10214: 10207: 10201: 10200: 10192: 10186: 10185: 10145: 10139: 10138: 10120: 10114: 10113: 10111: 10109: 10100:. Archived from 10094: 10085: 10074: 10068: 10064: 10049: 10048: 10020: 9999: 9998: 9996: 9994: 9985:. Archived from 9972: 9966: 9965: 9954: 9948: 9947: 9945: 9943: 9934:. Archived from 9928: 9922: 9921: 9919: 9917: 9900: 9894: 9893: 9891: 9889: 9866: 9860: 9859: 9837: 9835: 9834: 9828: 9822: 9821: 9820:on 3 March 2011. 9816:. Archived from 9810: 9804: 9803: 9802: 9800: 9767: 9758: 9757: 9745: 9739: 9738: 9730: 9717: 9716: 9698: 9692: 9691: 9673: 9667: 9666: 9664: 9662: 9639: 9633: 9632: 9612: 9606: 9605: 9585: 9579: 9578: 9558: 9552: 9551: 9549: 9547: 9537: 9531: 9530: 9528: 9526: 9516: 9510: 9509: 9507: 9505: 9500:on 28 April 2007 9496:. Archived from 9490: 9484: 9483: 9475: 9469: 9468: 9460: 9454: 9453: 9445: 9439: 9438: 9430: 9424: 9423: 9415: 9409: 9408: 9390: 9384: 9383: 9365: 9359: 9358: 9340: 9329: 9328: 9316: 9310: 9309: 9307: 9305: 9295: 9289: 9277: 9271: 9270: 9268: 9266: 9256: 9250: 9249: 9247: 9245: 9230: 9224: 9223: 9221: 9219: 9204: 9198: 9197: 9195: 9193: 9183: 9177: 9176: 9174: 9172: 9158: 9152: 9151: 9149: 9147: 9142:on 24 April 2016 9141: 9135:. Archived from 9134: 9126: 9120: 9116: 9110: 9103: 9097: 9090: 9084: 9083: 9081: 9079: 9069: 9063: 9062: 9043:Virani, Shafique 9039: 9033: 9032: 9030: 9028: 9019:. Archived from 9013: 9007: 9006: 9004: 9002: 8997:on 20 April 2007 8993:. Archived from 8987: 8981: 8980: 8972: 8966: 8965: 8945: 8939: 8938: 8922: 8906: 8900: 8899: 8881: 8875: 8874: 8872: 8870: 8855: 8849: 8837: 8828: 8827: 8825: 8823: 8809: 8803: 8802: 8800: 8798: 8784: 8778: 8777: 8775: 8773: 8763: 8757: 8756: 8744: 8738: 8737: 8735: 8733: 8719: 8713: 8707: 8701: 8700: 8693: 8687: 8686: 8668: 8662: 8661: 8651: 8645: 8644: 8622: 8616: 8615: 8594: 8588: 8587: 8580: 8574: 8573: 8566: 8560: 8559: 8557: 8555: 8546:. Archived from 8540: 6252:9. Takî Muhammad 6114:Maymūn al-Qaddāḥ 6090:8. Ahmad al-Wafi 5727: 5726: 5083: 5082: 4917:Imam of the Time 4836:Extinct branches 4584:Punjab, Pakistan 4496:Persian alphabet 4485:Taher Fakhruddin 4459:The position of 4411:residing in the 4359: 3780: 3478: 3260:Sulayhid dynasty 3226:, a grandson of 2914:Syedi Hasan Feer 2884: 2874: 2872: 2809:Syedi Fakhruddin 2777:High Middle Ages 2339: 2333: 2327: 2321: 2315: 2309: 2303: 2295: 2289: 2280: 2266: 2256: 2254: 2246: 2236: 2234: 2201:Umayyad governor 2187: 2165:Rashidun caliphs 2008:Gorno-Badakhshan 1998:, who recognize 1962:the Twelve Imams 1919: 1903: 1864: 1863: 1860: 1859: 1856: 1853: 1850: 1847: 1844: 1841: 1838: 1835: 1827:. The Isma'ili ( 1822: 1812: 1810: 1790: 1783: 1776: 1762: 1761: 1741:Ruqayya bint Ali 1716:Fatima bint Musa 1230: 1221: 1215: 1214: 1204: 1203: 1194: 1187: 1180: 1168:Islam portal 1166: 1165: 1164: 1147:Taher Fakhruddin 1112:Musta'li Ismaili 761:Dhu'ayb ibn Musa 669:Hamdanid dynasty 659:Sulayhid dynasty 336: 327: 321: 320: 307: 306: 300: 241:Nizari Ismailism 180: 171: 169: 161: 145: 144: 136: 129: 125: 122: 116: 114: 73: 49: 41: 36:Esmaili District 16394: 16393: 16389: 16388: 16387: 16385: 16384: 16383: 16364: 16363: 16362: 16357: 16337: 16335: 16319: 16241:Cultural Muslim 16212: 16179: 16135:Other religions 16125: 16121: 16103: 16038: 16005: 15952: 15895: 15893:Islamic studies 15889: 15871: 15705: 15650: 15627: 15574: 15519: 15518: 15491: 15440:Moral teachings 15383: 15365: 15339:Nation of Islam 15300:Twelver Shi'ism 15247: 15213:Religious texts 15207: 15125:Early conquests 15108: 15090: 15042: 14962: 14951: 14945: 14915: 14902: 14858: 14815: 14786:Ahmed Raza Khan 14767: 14721: 14711:Fethullah Gülen 14686:Nation of Islam 14607: 14604: 14594: 14537: 14514:Ahmad ibn Hābīt 14442: 14434: 14372: 14368: 14356: 14277:Bāzīgh ibn Mūsā 14247: 14182: 14167:Hālaf ibn Ayyūb 14125: 14042: 13971: 13968: 13965: 13961: 13949: 13900: 13813: 13801: 13735: 13609: 13602: 13570:Hassan-i Sabbah 13453: 13445: 13317: 13304: 13300: 13296: 13292: 13280: 13245:Hasan al-Utrush 13193: 13159:Ahmed Raza Khan 13105: 13097: 13004:Dawud al-Zahiri 12955: 12934: 12913: 12891: 12840: 12787: 12747:Kitab al-Tawhid 12672: 12634: 12564: 12491:Hasan al-Askari 12466:Ja'far al-Sadiq 12428:Twelver Shi'ism 12422: 12394:Salafi Jihadism 12389:Osama bin Laden 12372:Safar Al-Hawali 12333:Saleh Al-Fawzan 12267: 12237: 12230:Sahib ibn Abbad 12225:Ibn Abi'l-Hadid 12190:Ja'far ibn Harb 12155:Wasil ibn 'Ata' 12152: 12144: 12112: 12073:ī (Muqātilīyya) 12053: 12011: 11967:Shah Abdul Aziz 11840: 11832: 11786: 11772:Ahmad al-Dardir 11657:Ahmad al-Rifa'i 11545: 11524: 11496: 11468: 11435: 11396: 11395: 11371: 11366: 11318: 11313: 11307: 11270: 11253: 11248: 11247: 11227: 11223: 11203: 11196: 11186: 11184: 11180: 11179: 11175: 11165: 11163: 11159: 11158: 11154: 11144: 11142: 11137: 11136: 11132: 11125:Akadémiai Kiadó 11117: 11113: 11103: 11089: 11085: 11078: 11064: 11060: 11053: 11039: 11035: 11025: 11011: 11007: 10997: 10983: 10979: 10968: 10954: 10950: 10940: 10926: 10922: 10912: 10898: 10894: 10884: 10882: 10867: 10863: 10853: 10839: 10835: 10825: 10823: 10822:. 8 August 2018 10814: 10813: 10809: 10764: 10760: 10695: 10691: 10684: 10670: 10666: 10655: 10641: 10637: 10627: 10625: 10624:on 6 March 2001 10618:"Islamic Voice" 10616: 10615: 10611: 10600: 10596: 10589: 10575: 10571: 10560: 10556: 10549: 10535: 10531: 10524: 10510: 10506: 10496: 10492: 10485: 10471: 10467: 10456: 10452: 10439: 10438: 10434: 10427: 10413: 10409: 10402: 10382: 10375: 10368: 10344: 10340: 10327: 10326: 10322: 10315: 10301: 10272: 10265: 10251: 10244: 10234: 10232: 10223: 10222: 10218: 10209: 10208: 10204: 10193: 10189: 10154:Iranian Studies 10146: 10142: 10135: 10121: 10117: 10107: 10105: 10096: 10095: 10088: 10075: 10071: 10065: 10052: 10021: 10002: 9992: 9990: 9989:on 30 June 2021 9973: 9969: 9956: 9955: 9951: 9941: 9939: 9930: 9929: 9925: 9915: 9913: 9901: 9897: 9887: 9885: 9883: 9867: 9863: 9832: 9830: 9829: 9825: 9812: 9811: 9807: 9798: 9796: 9794: 9768: 9761: 9746: 9742: 9731: 9720: 9713: 9699: 9695: 9688: 9674: 9670: 9660: 9658: 9656: 9640: 9636: 9629: 9613: 9609: 9602: 9586: 9582: 9575: 9559: 9555: 9545: 9543: 9539: 9538: 9534: 9524: 9522: 9518: 9517: 9513: 9503: 9501: 9492: 9491: 9487: 9476: 9472: 9463:Yuri Stoyanov. 9461: 9457: 9446: 9442: 9431: 9427: 9416: 9412: 9405: 9391: 9387: 9380: 9366: 9362: 9355: 9341: 9332: 9317: 9313: 9303: 9301: 9297: 9296: 9292: 9278: 9274: 9264: 9262: 9258: 9257: 9253: 9243: 9241: 9232: 9231: 9227: 9217: 9215: 9206: 9205: 9201: 9191: 9189: 9185: 9184: 9180: 9170: 9168: 9160: 9159: 9155: 9145: 9143: 9139: 9132: 9128: 9127: 9123: 9117: 9113: 9104: 9100: 9091: 9087: 9077: 9075: 9071: 9070: 9066: 9059: 9040: 9036: 9026: 9024: 9015: 9014: 9010: 9000: 8998: 8989: 8988: 8984: 8973: 8969: 8962: 8946: 8942: 8935: 8920: 8907: 8903: 8896: 8882: 8878: 8868: 8866: 8856: 8852: 8847:Wayback Machine 8838: 8831: 8821: 8819: 8811: 8810: 8806: 8796: 8794: 8792:www.iep.utm.edu 8786: 8785: 8781: 8771: 8769: 8765: 8764: 8760: 8745: 8741: 8731: 8729: 8721: 8720: 8716: 8708: 8704: 8695: 8694: 8690: 8683: 8669: 8665: 8653: 8652: 8648: 8637: 8623: 8619: 8609: 8595: 8591: 8582: 8581: 8577: 8568: 8567: 8563: 8553: 8551: 8550:on 24 July 2011 8542: 8541: 8537: 8532: 8527: 8522: 8513:Pamir Ismaʻilis 8433: 7941:Sulaimani Bohra 7807: 7794:Hassan-i Sabbah 7790: 7773: 7756: 7450: 7435: 7424: 7256: 6963: 6605: 6604:Abu Sa'id Hasan 6594: 6423: 6277: 6258: 6111: 6096: 5121:Abd al-Muttalib 5081: 5061: 4975: 4943: 4937: 4905: 4899: 4853:Yaqut al-Hamawi 4849: 4843: 4838: 4829: 4821:Main articles: 4819: 4795:Islam and Druze 4755: 4749: 4737: 4713: 4707: 4699: 4693: 4633: 4627: 4518: 4512: 4492:Lisānu l-Dāʻwat 4338: 4332: 4288: 4282: 4274:Timurid dynasty 4227: 4209: 4178: 4169: 4164: 4136: 4130: 4123:, not Fatimah.) 4113: 4087: 4052: 3996: 3990: 3985: 3983:Acts of worship 3958: 3952: 3941: 3935: 3905: 3899: 3879: 3873: 3827: 3819:Main articles: 3817: 3808: 3802: 3787:Hasan bin Sabah 3757:The Ginans are 3755: 3749: 3660:. According to 3491: 3485: 3480: 3472: 3418: 3412: 3399:ʻUyun al-Akhbar 3379:ʿUyun al-Akhbar 3375: 3240: 3232:House of Wisdom 3216: 3210: 3151: 3145: 3137:Egyptian Arabic 3117: 3111: 3066:Hassan-i Sabbah 3061: 3055:Hassan-i Sabbah 3053:Main articles: 3051: 3049:Hassan-i Sabbah 3046: 3040: 3032:Ayyubid dynasty 2969: 2929:The Occultation 2902:Arwa al-Sulayhi 2894:Taiyabi Ismaili 2797:Arwa al-Sulayhi 2717: 2670: 2664: 2647:Al-Hakim Mosque 2640: 2634: 2586: 2580: 2545:the Occultation 2522: 2516: 2492:Ja'far al-Sadiq 2429:Zaynab bint Ali 2425: 2419: 2357: 2351: 2346: 2322:is embodied in 2233:الإمام المستودع 2145: 2139: 2134: 2112: 1875:Ja'far al-Sadiq 1832: 1828: 1794: 1756: 1751: 1750: 1681:Zaynab bint Ali 1661: 1653: 1652: 1623: 1613: 1612: 1526:Sulaymani Bohra 1450: 1440: 1439: 1410:Fatimah's house 1385: 1375: 1374: 1330: 1320: 1319: 1238: 1217: 1216: 1208: 1207: 1198: 1162: 1160: 1155: 1154: 1153: 1119:Dā'ī al-Mutlaqs 1100:Nizārī Ismā'īlī 1094: 1086: 1085: 1001:(al-Wāfī Ahmad) 984:Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq 954: 943: 942: 865:Qalaat al-Madiq 796:Dā'ī al-Mutlaqs 664:Zurayid dynasty 631: 575:Sulaymani Bohra 510: 496: 495: 461: 451: 450: 344: 323: 322: 311: 310: 277: 248: 190: 153: 137: 126: 120: 117: 74: 72: 62: 50: 39: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 16392: 16382: 16381: 16376: 16359: 16358: 16356: 16355: 16345: 16332: 16329: 16328: 16325: 16324: 16321: 16320: 16318: 16317: 16312: 16307: 16302: 16297: 16292: 16287: 16282: 16277: 16276: 16275: 16265: 16264: 16263: 16258: 16253: 16243: 16238: 16237: 16236: 16231: 16220: 16218: 16217:Related topics 16214: 16213: 16211: 16210: 16205: 16200: 16195: 16189: 16187: 16181: 16180: 16178: 16177: 16172: 16167: 16162: 16157: 16156: 16155: 16150: 16139: 16137: 16127: 16126: 16113: 16112: 16109: 16108: 16105: 16104: 16102: 16101: 16096: 16089: 16084: 16083: 16082: 16072: 16067: 16062: 16057: 16052: 16046: 16044: 16040: 16039: 16037: 16036: 16031: 16026: 16021: 16015: 16013: 16007: 16006: 16004: 16003: 15998: 15993: 15988: 15983: 15978: 15973: 15968: 15962: 15960: 15954: 15953: 15951: 15950: 15945: 15940: 15935: 15930: 15925: 15920: 15915: 15909: 15907: 15897: 15896: 15881: 15880: 15877: 15876: 15873: 15872: 15870: 15869: 15864: 15863: 15862: 15850: 15848:Sources of law 15845: 15840: 15839: 15838: 15828: 15821: 15816: 15809: 15804: 15797: 15792: 15787: 15782: 15777: 15772: 15767: 15762: 15755: 15748: 15747: 15746: 15741: 15736: 15726: 15721: 15713: 15711: 15707: 15706: 15704: 15703: 15696: 15689: 15682: 15675: 15668: 15661: 15653: 15651: 15649: 15648: 15643: 15638: 15632: 15629: 15628: 15626: 15625: 15618: 15613: 15606: 15599: 15592: 15584: 15582: 15576: 15575: 15573: 15572: 15565: 15558: 15551: 15544: 15539: 15533: 15531: 15521: 15520: 15517: 15516: 15511: 15505: 15497: 15496: 15493: 15492: 15490: 15489: 15484: 15479: 15474: 15472:Social welfare 15469: 15464: 15457: 15452: 15447: 15442: 15437: 15432: 15427: 15422: 15417: 15412: 15407: 15402: 15397: 15392: 15386: 15384: 15382: 15381: 15376: 15370: 15367: 15366: 15364: 15363: 15358: 15353: 15352: 15351: 15341: 15336: 15331: 15330: 15329: 15324: 15323: 15322: 15312: 15307: 15302: 15292: 15287: 15282: 15281: 15280: 15257: 15255: 15249: 15248: 15246: 15245: 15238: 15233: 15228: 15223: 15217: 15215: 15209: 15208: 15206: 15205: 15204: 15203: 15198: 15193: 15188: 15183: 15178: 15173: 15168: 15156: 15151: 15144: 15137: 15135:Historiography 15132: 15127: 15122: 15117: 15111: 15109: 15107: 15106: 15101: 15095: 15092: 15091: 15089: 15088: 15081: 15074: 15067: 15060: 15052: 15050: 15044: 15043: 15041: 15040: 15035: 15030: 15023: 15018: 15013: 15008: 15007: 15006: 14996: 14989: 14988: 14987: 14976: 14974: 14964: 14963: 14956: 14953: 14952: 14944: 14943: 14936: 14929: 14921: 14912: 14911: 14908: 14907: 14904: 14903: 14901: 14900: 14895: 14890: 14885: 14880: 14875: 14867: 14864: 14863: 14860: 14859: 14857: 14856: 14851: 14846: 14841: 14836: 14831: 14825: 14823: 14817: 14816: 14814: 14813: 14808: 14807: 14806: 14801: 14792: 14777: 14775: 14769: 14768: 14766: 14765: 14764: 14763: 14757: 14752: 14747: 14742: 14740:Muhammad Abduh 14731: 14729: 14723: 14722: 14720: 14719: 14718: 14717: 14699: 14698: 14697: 14683: 14682: 14681: 14663: 14662: 14661: 14644: 14643: 14642: 14637: 14632: 14621: 14619: 14610: 14600: 14599: 14596: 14595: 14593: 14592: 14591: 14590: 14585: 14583:Rashad Khalifa 14575: 14574: 14573: 14568: 14566:Muhammad Iqbal 14558: 14553: 14547: 14545: 14539: 14538: 14536: 14535: 14534: 14533: 14527: 14526: 14525: 14519: 14518: 14517: 14516: 14515: 14509: 14506: 14500: 14497: 14496: 14495: 14494: 14493: 14484: 14483: 14482: 14474: 14473: 14472: 14471: 14470: 14465: 14457: 14450: 14448: 14436: 14435: 14433: 14432: 14419: 14417:Bektashi Order 14410: 14401: 14387: 14385: 14376: 14362: 14361: 14358: 14357: 14355: 14354: 14353: 14352: 14344: 14339: 14334: 14331: 14330: 14329: 14321: 14320: 14319: 14313: 14308: 14307: 14306: 14296: 14295: 14294: 14288: 14287: 14286: 14280: 14279: 14278: 14270: 14269: 14268: 14266:Abu al-Khattab 14257: 14255: 14249: 14248: 14246: 14245: 14244: 14243: 14238: 14233: 14224:Abū Hulmān al- 14217: 14214: 14213: 14212: 14205: 14203: 14194: 14188: 14187: 14184: 14183: 14181: 14180: 14179:Amr ibn Murrah 14177: 14176:Ahmad ibn Hārb 14174: 14171: 14168: 14165: 14164:Salm ibn Sālem 14162: 14159: 14156: 14153: 14150: 14147: 14144: 14139: 14133: 14131: 14127: 14126: 14124: 14123: 14122: 14121: 14115: 14114: 14113: 14107: 14106: 14105: 14099: 14098: 14097: 14096:Sāleh ibn Umar 14091: 14090: 14089: 14083: 14082: 14081: 14075: 14074: 14073: 14072:Gassān al-Kūfī 14067: 14066: 14065: 14059: 14058: 14057: 14050: 14048: 14044: 14043: 14041: 14040: 14039: 14038: 14035: 14032: 14029: 14026: 14023: 14020: 14017: 14014: 14011: 14008: 14005: 14002: 13999: 13996: 13993: 13986: 13984: 13975: 13955: 13954: 13951: 13950: 13948: 13947: 13942: 13941: 13940: 13930: 13921: 13919:Jābir ibn Zayd 13916: 13910: 13908: 13902: 13901: 13899: 13898: 13897: 13896: 13887: 13877: 13876: 13875: 13865: 13864: 13863: 13857: 13856: 13855: 13845: 13844: 13843: 13840: 13837: 13830: 13828: 13819: 13807: 13806: 13803: 13802: 13800: 13799: 13794: 13793: 13792: 13787:Tawussite Shia 13784: 13783: 13782: 13768: 13767: 13766: 13752: 13746: 13744: 13737: 13736: 13734: 13733: 13732: 13731: 13726: 13725: 13724: 13719: 13718: 13717: 13712: 13711: 13710: 13705: 13690: 13689: 13688: 13670: 13669: 13668: 13667: 13666: 13660: 13659: 13658: 13655: 13654: 13653: 13650: 13642: 13627: 13626: 13625: 13614: 13612: 13604: 13603: 13601: 13600: 13599: 13598: 13589: 13576: 13562: 13561: 13560: 13548: 13547: 13546: 13541: 13540: 13539: 13534: 13529: 13509: 13508: 13507: 13490: 13472: 13471: 13470: 13459: 13457: 13447: 13446: 13444: 13443: 13442: 13441: 13432: 13418: 13417: 13416: 13399: 13381: 13380: 13379: 13353: 13352: 13351: 13346: 13345: 13344: 13339: 13323: 13321: 13308: 13286: 13285: 13282: 13281: 13279: 13278: 13277: 13276: 13271: 13261: 13260: 13259: 13257:Imams of Yemen 13254: 13252:Yahya ibn Umar 13249: 13248: 13247: 13237: 13232: 13227: 13216: 13214: 13205: 13199: 13198: 13195: 13194: 13192: 13191: 13190: 13189: 13188: 13187: 13178: 13165: 13142: 13141: 13140: 13139: 13138: 13124: 13113: 13111: 13099: 13098: 13096: 13095: 13094: 13093: 13088: 13083: 13082: 13081: 13076: 13075: 13074: 13069: 13064: 13054: 13053: 13052: 13047: 13042: 13037: 13027: 13026: 13025: 13006: 12996: 12995: 12994: 12989: 12984: 12974: 12973: 12972: 12963: 12961: 12946: 12936: 12935: 12923: 12922: 12919: 12918: 12915: 12914: 12912: 12911: 12906: 12900: 12897: 12896: 12893: 12892: 12890: 12889: 12878: 12867: 12860:Kitab al-Majmu 12856: 12848: 12846: 12842: 12841: 12839: 12838: 12831: 12826: 12819: 12812: 12805: 12797: 12795: 12789: 12788: 12786: 12785: 12778: 12771: 12764: 12757: 12750: 12743: 12736: 12729: 12722: 12715: 12708: 12701: 12698:Asas al-Taqdis 12693: 12691: 12682: 12678: 12677: 12674: 12673: 12671: 12670: 12665: 12660: 12655: 12650: 12644: 12642: 12636: 12635: 12633: 12632: 12627: 12622: 12617: 12612: 12611: 12610: 12600: 12595: 12590: 12585: 12580: 12574: 12572: 12566: 12565: 12563: 12562: 12561: 12560: 12550: 12548:Ja'far Sobhani 12545: 12540: 12535: 12530: 12525: 12520: 12515: 12510: 12505: 12500: 12499: 12498: 12493: 12488: 12483: 12478: 12473: 12468: 12463: 12458: 12453: 12451:Husayn ibn Ali 12448: 12443: 12432: 12430: 12424: 12423: 12421: 12420: 12419: 12418: 12410: 12409: 12408: 12398: 12397: 12396: 12386: 12384:Salman al-Ouda 12381: 12380: 12379: 12377:Sahwa movement 12369: 12367:Zubair Ali Zai 12364: 12359: 12358: 12357: 12347: 12346: 12345: 12335: 12330: 12325: 12320: 12315: 12310: 12305: 12300: 12299: 12298: 12288: 12283: 12277: 12275: 12269: 12268: 12266: 12265: 12264: 12263: 12260: 12257: 12254: 12247: 12245: 12239: 12238: 12236: 12235: 12232: 12227: 12222: 12217: 12215:Al-Zamakhshari 12212: 12211: 12210: 12200: 12194: 12191: 12188: 12185: 12179: 12176: 12173: 12170: 12167: 12160: 12158: 12146: 12145: 12143: 12142: 12122: 12120: 12114: 12113: 12111: 12110: 12100: 12099: 12098: 12090: 12074: 12063: 12061: 12055: 12054: 12052: 12051: 12050: 12049: 12048: 12047: 12034: 12033: 12032: 12021: 12019: 12013: 12012: 12010: 12009: 12004: 11999: 11994: 11989: 11984: 11979: 11974: 11969: 11964: 11959: 11954: 11952:Ahmad Sirhindi 11949: 11944: 11939: 11934: 11929: 11924: 11919: 11914: 11909: 11904: 11899: 11894: 11889: 11884: 11879: 11874: 11869: 11864: 11859: 11854: 11848: 11846: 11834: 11833: 11831: 11830: 11820: 11813:Malik ibn Anas 11810: 11799: 11797: 11788: 11787: 11785: 11784: 11779: 11774: 11769: 11764: 11759: 11754: 11749: 11744: 11739: 11734: 11729: 11724: 11719: 11714: 11709: 11704: 11699: 11694: 11689: 11684: 11679: 11674: 11669: 11664: 11659: 11654: 11649: 11644: 11639: 11634: 11629: 11624: 11619: 11614: 11609: 11604: 11599: 11594: 11589: 11584: 11579: 11577:Al-Shahrastani 11574: 11569: 11564: 11559: 11553: 11551: 11536: 11530: 11529: 11526: 11525: 11523: 11522: 11517: 11512: 11506: 11504: 11498: 11497: 11495: 11494: 11489: 11484: 11478: 11476: 11470: 11469: 11467: 11466: 11461: 11456: 11451: 11445: 11443: 11437: 11436: 11434: 11433: 11428: 11423: 11417: 11415: 11406: 11398: 11397: 11394: 11393: 11390: 11385: 11381: 11373: 11372: 11365: 11364: 11357: 11350: 11342: 11336: 11335: 11330: 11317: 11316:External links 11314: 11312: 11311: 11305: 11292: 11283: 11274: 11268: 11254: 11252: 11249: 11246: 11245: 11221: 11194: 11173: 11152: 11130: 11111: 11101: 11083: 11076: 11058: 11051: 11033: 11023: 11005: 10995: 10977: 10966: 10948: 10938: 10920: 10910: 10892: 10861: 10851: 10833: 10807: 10780:(2): 239–262. 10758: 10721:10.2307/605981 10689: 10682: 10664: 10653: 10635: 10609: 10594: 10587: 10569: 10554: 10547: 10529: 10522: 10504: 10490: 10483: 10465: 10450: 10432: 10425: 10407: 10400: 10373: 10366: 10352:. p. 13. 10338: 10320: 10313: 10270: 10263: 10242: 10216: 10202: 10187: 10160:(2): 197–221. 10140: 10133: 10115: 10086: 10069: 10050: 10000: 9967: 9949: 9923: 9895: 9881: 9861: 9850:Chisholm, Hugh 9823: 9805: 9792: 9759: 9740: 9718: 9711: 9693: 9686: 9668: 9654: 9634: 9627: 9607: 9600: 9580: 9573: 9553: 9532: 9511: 9485: 9482:. p. 113. 9470: 9455: 9452:. p. 161. 9440: 9425: 9422:. p. 123. 9410: 9403: 9385: 9378: 9360: 9353: 9330: 9325:Ismaili Gnosis 9311: 9290: 9272: 9251: 9225: 9199: 9178: 9153: 9121: 9111: 9098: 9085: 9064: 9057: 9034: 9008: 8982: 8967: 8960: 8940: 8933: 8901: 8894: 8876: 8850: 8829: 8804: 8779: 8758: 8739: 8714: 8712:, p. 917. 8702: 8697:"Ismāʿīliyyah" 8688: 8681: 8663: 8655:"Ismāʿīliyyah" 8646: 8635: 8617: 8607: 8589: 8584:"Ismāʿīliyyah" 8575: 8570:"Ismāʿīliyyah" 8561: 8534: 8533: 8531: 8528: 8526: 8523: 8521: 8520: 8515: 8510: 8505: 8500: 8495: 8490: 8485: 8480: 8475: 8470: 8465: 8460: 8455: 8450: 8445: 8440: 8434: 8432: 8429: 8426: 8424: 8423: 8421: 8419: 8417: 8415: 8413: 8411: 8409: 8407: 8405: 8403: 8401: 8399: 8397: 8395: 8393: 8391: 8389: 8387: 8384: 8382: 8381: 8379: 8377: 8375: 8373: 8371: 8369: 8367: 8365: 8363: 8361: 8359: 8357: 8350: 8348: 8341: 8339: 8332: 8330: 8323: 8321: 8319: 8317: 8315: 8313: 8311: 8309: 8306: 8305: 8303: 8301: 8299: 8297: 8295: 8292: 8291: 8289: 8287: 8285: 8283: 8281: 8279: 8277: 8275: 8273: 8271: 8269: 8267: 8265: 8263: 8261: 8259: 8257: 8255: 8253: 8251: 8249: 8247: 8245: 8243: 8241: 8239: 8237: 8235: 8233: 8231: 8229: 8227: 8225: 8223: 8221: 8219: 8217: 8215: 8213: 8211: 8209: 8207: 8205: 8203: 8200: 8198: 8197: 8195: 8193: 8191: 8189: 8187: 8185: 8183: 8181: 8179: 8177: 8175: 8168: 8166: 8159: 8157: 8150: 8148: 8146: 8143:Hebtiahs Bohra 8139: 8137: 8135: 8133: 8131: 8129: 8126: 8125: 8123: 8121: 8119: 8117: 8115: 8113: 8111: 8109: 8107: 8105: 8103: 8101: 8099: 8097: 8095: 8093: 8090: 8089: 8087: 8085: 8083: 8081: 8079: 8077: 8075: 8073: 8071: 8069: 8067: 8065: 8063: 8061: 8059: 8057: 8055: 8053: 8051: 8049: 8047: 8045: 8043: 8041: 8039: 8037: 8035: 8033: 8031: 8029: 8027: 8025: 8023: 8021: 8019: 8017: 8015: 8013: 8011: 8009: 8007: 8005: 8003: 8000: 7999: 7996: 7995: 7993: 7991: 7989: 7987: 7985: 7983: 7981: 7979: 7977: 7975: 7973: 7971: 7964: 7962: 7955: 7953: 7946: 7944: 7937: 7935: 7933: 7931: 7929: 7927: 7925: 7923: 7920: 7918: 7917: 7915: 7913: 7911: 7909: 7907: 7905: 7903: 7901: 7899: 7897: 7895: 7893: 7891: 7889: 7887: 7885: 7883: 7881: 7879: 7877: 7875: 7873: 7871: 7869: 7867: 7865: 7863: 7861: 7859: 7857: 7855: 7853: 7851: 7849: 7847: 7845: 7843: 7840: 7839: 7836: 7835: 7833: 7831: 7829: 7827: 7825: 7823: 7821: 7819: 7817: 7815: 7804:Nizari Imamate 7800: 7798: 7783: 7781: 7766: 7764: 7749: 7747: 7745: 7743: 7741: 7739: 7737: 7735: 7732: 7731: 7729: 7727: 7725: 7723: 7721: 7718: 7717: 7715: 7713: 7711: 7709: 7707: 7705: 7703: 7701: 7699: 7697: 7695: 7693: 7691: 7689: 7687: 7685: 7683: 7681: 7679: 7677: 7675: 7673: 7671: 7669: 7667: 7665: 7663: 7661: 7659: 7657: 7655: 7653: 7651: 7649: 7646: 7645: 7642: 7641: 7639: 7637: 7635: 7633: 7631: 7629: 7627: 7625: 7623: 7621: 7619: 7617: 7615: 7613: 7611: 7609: 7607: 7597: 7595: 7593: 7591: 7589: 7582: 7580: 7573: 7571: 7569: 7567: 7560: 7558: 7556: 7554: 7551: 7549: 7548: 7546: 7544: 7542: 7540: 7538: 7536: 7534: 7532: 7530: 7528: 7526: 7524: 7522: 7520: 7518: 7516: 7514: 7512: 7510: 7508: 7506: 7504: 7502: 7500: 7498: 7496: 7494: 7492: 7490: 7488: 7486: 7484: 7482: 7480: 7478: 7476: 7474: 7472: 7469: 7467: 7466: 7464: 7462: 7460: 7458: 7456: 7454: 7445: 7443: 7441: 7439: 7430: 7428: 7419: 7417: 7415: 7413: 7406: 7404: 7402: 7400: 7397: 7396: 7394: 7392: 7390: 7388: 7385: 7384: 7382: 7380: 7378: 7376: 7374: 7372: 7370: 7368: 7366: 7364: 7362: 7360: 7358: 7356: 7354: 7352: 7350: 7348: 7346: 7344: 7342: 7340: 7338: 7336: 7334: 7332: 7330: 7328: 7326: 7324: 7322: 7320: 7318: 7316: 7314: 7311: 7310: 7308: 7306: 7304: 7302: 7300: 7298: 7296: 7294: 7291: 7290: 7288: 7286: 7284: 7282: 7280: 7278: 7276: 7274: 7272: 7270: 7268: 7266: 7264: 7262: 7260: 7251: 7249: 7247: 7245: 7238: 7236: 7234: 7232: 7229: 7227: 7226: 7224: 7222: 7220: 7218: 7216: 7214: 7212: 7210: 7208: 7206: 7204: 7202: 7200: 7198: 7196: 7194: 7192: 7190: 7188: 7186: 7184: 7182: 7180: 7178: 7176: 7174: 7172: 7170: 7168: 7166: 7164: 7162: 7160: 7157: 7155: 7154: 7152: 7150: 7148: 7146: 7144: 7142: 7140: 7138: 7136: 7134: 7132: 7130: 7128: 7121: 7119: 7117: 7115: 7113: 7111: 7104: 7102: 7100: 7098: 7091: 7089: 7087: 7085: 7082: 7080: 7079: 7077: 7075: 7073: 7071: 7069: 7067: 7065: 7063: 7061: 7059: 7057: 7055: 7053: 7051: 7049: 7047: 7045: 7043: 7041: 7039: 7037: 7035: 7033: 7031: 7029: 7027: 7025: 7023: 7021: 7019: 7017: 7015: 7013: 7011: 7009: 7007: 7004: 7003: 7001: 6999: 6996: 6995: 6993: 6991: 6989: 6987: 6985: 6983: 6981: 6979: 6977: 6975: 6973: 6971: 6969: 6967: 6958: 6956: 6954: 6952: 6947: 6945: 6943: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6935: 6933: 6931: 6929: 6927: 6925: 6923: 6921: 6919: 6917: 6915: 6913: 6911: 6909: 6907: 6905: 6903: 6901: 6899: 6897: 6895: 6893: 6891: 6889: 6887: 6885: 6883: 6881: 6879: 6877: 6875: 6873: 6871: 6869: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6859: 6857: 6855: 6853: 6851: 6849: 6847: 6845: 6843: 6841: 6839: 6837: 6835: 6833: 6831: 6829: 6827: 6825: 6823: 6821: 6819: 6817: 6815: 6813: 6811: 6809: 6807: 6805: 6803: 6801: 6799: 6797: 6795: 6793: 6791: 6789: 6786: 6784: 6783: 6781: 6779: 6777: 6775: 6773: 6771: 6769: 6767: 6765: 6763: 6749: 6747: 6740: 6738: 6736: 6734: 6727: 6725: 6723: 6721: 6718: 6716: 6715: 6713: 6711: 6709: 6707: 6705: 6703: 6701: 6699: 6697: 6695: 6693: 6691: 6689: 6687: 6685: 6683: 6681: 6679: 6677: 6675: 6673: 6671: 6669: 6667: 6665: 6663: 6661: 6659: 6657: 6655: 6653: 6651: 6649: 6647: 6644: 6642: 6641: 6639: 6637: 6635: 6633: 6631: 6629: 6627: 6625: 6623: 6621: 6619: 6617: 6615: 6613: 6611: 6609: 6600: 6598: 6589: 6587: 6585: 6583: 6581: 6579: 6577: 6575: 6573: 6571: 6568: 6567: 6565: 6563: 6560: 6559: 6557: 6555: 6553: 6551: 6549: 6547: 6545: 6543: 6541: 6539: 6537: 6535: 6533: 6531: 6529: 6527: 6525: 6523: 6521: 6519: 6517: 6515: 6513: 6511: 6509: 6507: 6505: 6503: 6501: 6499: 6497: 6495: 6493: 6491: 6489: 6487: 6484: 6483: 6481: 6478: 6477: 6475: 6473: 6471: 6469: 6467: 6465: 6463: 6461: 6459: 6457: 6455: 6453: 6451: 6449: 6447: 6445: 6443: 6432: 6430: 6428: 6417: 6415: 6413: 6411: 6409: 6407: 6405: 6403: 6401: 6399: 6396: 6394: 6393: 6391: 6389: 6387: 6385: 6383: 6381: 6379: 6377: 6375: 6373: 6371: 6369: 6367: 6365: 6363: 6361: 6359: 6357: 6355: 6353: 6351: 6349: 6347: 6345: 6343: 6341: 6339: 6337: 6335: 6333: 6331: 6329: 6327: 6325: 6323: 6320: 6318: 6317: 6315: 6313: 6311: 6309: 6307: 6305: 6303: 6301: 6299: 6297: 6295: 6290: 6288: 6266: 6264: 6248: 6246: 6244: 6242: 6240: 6238: 6236: 6234: 6232: 6230: 6227: 6225: 6224: 6222: 6220: 6218: 6216: 6214: 6212: 6210: 6208: 6206: 6204: 6202: 6200: 6198: 6196: 6194: 6192: 6190: 6188: 6186: 6184: 6182: 6180: 6178: 6176: 6174: 6172: 6170: 6168: 6166: 6164: 6162: 6160: 6158: 6156: 6154: 6151: 6150: 6147: 6146: 6144: 6142: 6140: 6138: 6136: 6134: 6132: 6130: 6128: 6126: 6124: 6119: 6117: 6104: 6102: 6086: 6084: 6082: 6080: 6078: 6076: 6074: 6072: 6070: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6062: 6060: 6058: 6056: 6054: 6052: 6050: 6048: 6046: 6044: 6042: 6040: 6038: 6036: 6034: 6032: 6030: 6028: 6026: 6024: 6022: 6020: 6018: 6016: 6014: 6012: 6010: 6008: 6006: 6004: 6002: 6000: 5998: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5988: 5986: 5984: 5982: 5980: 5978: 5976: 5974: 5972: 5970: 5968: 5966: 5964:Musa al-Kadhim 5961: 5959: 5952: 5950: 5948: 5946: 5944: 5942: 5940: 5938: 5936: 5934: 5932: 5930: 5928: 5926: 5923: 5922: 5920: 5918: 5916: 5914: 5912: 5909: 5908: 5906: 5904: 5902: 5900: 5898: 5896: 5894: 5892: 5890: 5888: 5886: 5884: 5882: 5880: 5878: 5876: 5874: 5872: 5870: 5868: 5866: 5864: 5862: 5860: 5858: 5856: 5854: 5852: 5850: 5848: 5846: 5844: 5842: 5840: 5838: 5836: 5834: 5832: 5829: 5828: 5826: 5824: 5822: 5820: 5818: 5816: 5814: 5812: 5810: 5808: 5806: 5804: 5802: 5800: 5798: 5795: 5794: 5792: 5790: 5788: 5786: 5784: 5782: 5780: 5778: 5776: 5774: 5772: 5770: 5768: 5766: 5764: 5762: 5760: 5758: 5756: 5754: 5752: 5750: 5748: 5746: 5744: 5742: 5740: 5738: 5736: 5734: 5732: 5730: 5716: 5714: 5713: 5711: 5709: 5707: 5705: 5703: 5701: 5699: 5697: 5695: 5693: 5691: 5689: 5687: 5685: 5683: 5680: 5678: 5677: 5675: 5673: 5671: 5669: 5667: 5665: 5663: 5661: 5659: 5657: 5655: 5647: 5645: 5644: 5642: 5640: 5638: 5636: 5634: 5632: 5630: 5628: 5626: 5624: 5622: 5620: 5618: 5616: 5614: 5611: 5609: 5608: 5606: 5604: 5602: 5600: 5598: 5596: 5594: 5592: 5590: 5588: 5586: 5584: 5582: 5580: 5568: 5566: 5565: 5563: 5561: 5559: 5557: 5555: 5553: 5551: 5549: 5547: 5545: 5543: 5541: 5539: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5529: 5527: 5525: 5523: 5521: 5519: 5517: 5515: 5513: 5511: 5509: 5507: 5505: 5497: 5495: 5494: 5492: 5490: 5488: 5486: 5484: 5482: 5480: 5478: 5476: 5474: 5472: 5470: 5468: 5466: 5464: 5461: 5459: 5458: 5456: 5454: 5452: 5450: 5448: 5446: 5444: 5442: 5434: 5432: 5431: 5429: 5427: 5425: 5423: 5421: 5419: 5417: 5415: 5413: 5411: 5409: 5407: 5404: 5402: 5401: 5399: 5397: 5395: 5393: 5391: 5389: 5387: 5385: 5378:2. Imâm Husayn 5373: 5371: 5370: 5368: 5366: 5364: 5362: 5360: 5358: 5356: 5354: 5352: 5350: 5348: 5346: 5344: 5342: 5340: 5337: 5335: 5334: 5332: 5330: 5328: 5326: 5324: 5322: 5320: 5318: 5306: 5304: 5303: 5301: 5299: 5297: 5295: 5293: 5291: 5289: 5287: 5285: 5283: 5281: 5279: 5277: 5275: 5273: 5270: 5268: 5267: 5265: 5263: 5261: 5259: 5257: 5255: 5253: 5251: 5239: 5237: 5236: 5234: 5232: 5230: 5228: 5226: 5224: 5222: 5220: 5218: 5216: 5214: 5212: 5210: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5200: 5198: 5196: 5194: 5192: 5190: 5188: 5186: 5184: 5178: 5176: 5175: 5173: 5171: 5169: 5167: 5165: 5163: 5161: 5159: 5157: 5155: 5153: 5151: 5149: 5147: 5145: 5142: 5140: 5139: 5137: 5135: 5133: 5131: 5129: 5127: 5125: 5123: 5117: 5115: 5114: 5112: 5110: 5108: 5106: 5104: 5102: 5100: 5098: 5096: 5094: 5092: 5090: 5088: 5086: 5080: 5077: 5060: 5057: 5015: 5014: 5005: 4994: 4974: 4971: 4939:Main article: 4936: 4933: 4901:Main article: 4898: 4895: 4889:following the 4887:Bektashi Order 4883:crypto-Muslims 4845:Main article: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4834: 4818: 4815: 4751:Main article: 4748: 4745: 4736: 4733: 4717:Da'i al-Mutlaq 4709:Main article: 4706: 4703: 4697:Hebtiahs Bohra 4695:Main article: 4692: 4691:Hebtiahs Bohra 4689: 4669:dāʿī al-muṭlaq 4629:Main article: 4626: 4623: 4619:United Kingdom 4588:Jazeera-e Sind 4514:Main article: 4511: 4508: 4469:Da'i al-Mutlaq 4461:Da'i al-Mutlaq 4392:, Nairobi and 4334:Main article: 4331: 4328: 4300:Dawoodi Bohras 4284:Main article: 4281: 4278: 4257:sultan of the 4226: 4223: 4208: 4205: 4177: 4174: 4168: 4165: 4163: 4160: 4132:Main article: 4129: 4126: 4112: 4109: 4086: 4083: 4051: 4048: 3992:Main article: 3989: 3986: 3984: 3981: 3954:Main article: 3951: 3948: 3937:Main article: 3934: 3931: 3901:Main article: 3898: 3895: 3877:Da'i al-Mutlaq 3875:Main article: 3872: 3869: 3816: 3813: 3804:Main article: 3801: 3798: 3751:Main article: 3748: 3745: 3698:Husayn ibn Ali 3484: 3481: 3428:their apparent 3419: 3411: 3408: 3404:Nader El-Bizri 3374: 3371: 3362:Burusho people 3239: 3236: 3212:Main article: 3209: 3206: 3147:Main article: 3144: 3141: 3113:Main article: 3110: 3107: 3050: 3047: 3042:Main article: 3039: 3036: 2968: 2965: 2957:Hebtiahs Bohra 2906:Zoeb bin Moosa 2863:Da'i al-Mutlaq 2805:Syedi Nuruddin 2716: 2713: 2666:Main article: 2663: 2660: 2636:Main article: 2633: 2630: 2590:Zoroastrianism 2582:Main article: 2579: 2578:The Qarmatians 2576: 2518:Main article: 2515: 2512: 2507:Musa al-Kadhim 2421:Main article: 2418: 2415: 2353:Main article: 2350: 2347: 2345: 2342: 2253:الإمام المستقر 2141:Main article: 2138: 2135: 2111: 2108: 1977:oneness of God 1883:Musa al-Kadhim 1820:al-Ismāʿīliyya 1796: 1795: 1793: 1792: 1785: 1778: 1770: 1767: 1766: 1753: 1752: 1749: 1748: 1746:Sayyida Nafisa 1743: 1738: 1733: 1728: 1723: 1721:Hakimah Khātūn 1718: 1713: 1708: 1703: 1698: 1693: 1688: 1683: 1678: 1673: 1668: 1662: 1659: 1658: 1655: 1654: 1651: 1650: 1645: 1640: 1635: 1630: 1624: 1619: 1618: 1615: 1614: 1611: 1610: 1605: 1604: 1603: 1598: 1593: 1592: 1591: 1581: 1576: 1566: 1565: 1564: 1563: 1562: 1557: 1547: 1546: 1545: 1540: 1539: 1538: 1533: 1528: 1523: 1518: 1516:Hebtiahs Bohra 1513: 1512: 1511: 1486: 1485: 1484: 1474: 1473: 1472: 1467: 1462: 1451: 1446: 1445: 1442: 1441: 1438: 1437: 1432: 1427: 1422: 1417: 1412: 1407: 1402: 1397: 1392: 1386: 1381: 1380: 1377: 1376: 1373: 1372: 1367: 1362: 1357: 1352: 1347: 1342: 1337: 1331: 1326: 1325: 1322: 1321: 1318: 1317: 1312: 1307: 1302: 1297: 1292: 1287: 1282: 1281: 1280: 1275: 1270: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1245: 1239: 1236: 1235: 1232: 1231: 1223: 1222: 1200: 1199: 1197: 1196: 1189: 1182: 1174: 1171: 1170: 1157: 1156: 1152: 1151: 1150: 1149: 1140: 1131: 1109: 1096: 1095: 1092: 1091: 1088: 1087: 1084: 1083: 1074: 1069: 1060: 1055: 1050: 1045: 1040: 1035: 1030: 1025: 1020: 1012: 1004: 996: 991: 986: 981: 976: 971: 966: 961: 955: 949: 948: 945: 944: 941: 940: 935: 930: 921: 920: 919: 914: 909: 904: 899: 894: 884: 879: 868: 867: 862: 861: 860: 855: 850: 845: 840: 835: 830: 820: 815: 804: 803: 798: 793: 788: 783: 778: 773: 768: 766:Hasan-i Sabbah 763: 758: 753: 748: 743: 738: 733: 728: 723: 718: 713: 708: 703: 698: 693: 688: 677: 676: 671: 666: 661: 656: 651: 646: 630: 629: 628: 627: 622: 617: 612: 600: 599: 598: 589: 588: 587: 582: 577: 572: 571: 570: 563: 551: 549:Hebtiahs Bohra 546: 545: 544: 515: 513:Branches/sects 511: 502: 501: 498: 497: 494: 493: 488: 483: 478: 473: 468: 462: 457: 456: 453: 452: 449: 448: 443: 438: 433: 428: 423: 418: 413: 412: 411: 406: 401: 391: 386: 381: 376: 371: 366: 361: 356: 351: 345: 342: 341: 338: 337: 329: 328: 303: 302: 296: 292: 291: 286: 282: 281: 272: 268: 267: 264:Eastern Africa 260: 256: 255: 250: 244: 243: 230: 224: 223: 218: 214: 213: 208: 202: 201: 196: 195:Classification 192: 191: 181: 173: 172: 150: 149: 139: 138: 53: 51: 44: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 16391: 16380: 16377: 16375: 16372: 16371: 16369: 16354: 16346: 16344: 16334: 16333: 16330: 16316: 16313: 16311: 16308: 16306: 16303: 16301: 16298: 16296: 16293: 16291: 16288: 16286: 16283: 16281: 16278: 16274: 16271: 16270: 16269: 16266: 16262: 16259: 16257: 16256:Post-Islamism 16254: 16252: 16249: 16248: 16247: 16244: 16242: 16239: 16235: 16232: 16230: 16227: 16226: 16225: 16222: 16221: 16219: 16215: 16209: 16206: 16204: 16201: 16199: 16196: 16194: 16191: 16190: 16188: 16186: 16182: 16176: 16173: 16171: 16168: 16166: 16163: 16161: 16158: 16154: 16153:Protestantism 16151: 16149: 16146: 16145: 16144: 16141: 16140: 16138: 16136: 16132: 16128: 16118: 16114: 16100: 16097: 16095: 16094: 16090: 16088: 16085: 16081: 16078: 16077: 16076: 16073: 16071: 16068: 16066: 16063: 16061: 16058: 16056: 16053: 16051: 16048: 16047: 16045: 16041: 16035: 16032: 16030: 16027: 16025: 16022: 16020: 16017: 16016: 16014: 16012: 16008: 16002: 15999: 15997: 15996:Ophthalmology 15994: 15992: 15989: 15987: 15984: 15982: 15979: 15977: 15974: 15972: 15969: 15967: 15964: 15963: 15961: 15959: 15955: 15949: 15946: 15944: 15941: 15939: 15936: 15934: 15931: 15929: 15926: 15924: 15921: 15919: 15916: 15914: 15911: 15910: 15908: 15906: 15902: 15898: 15894: 15886: 15882: 15868: 15865: 15861: 15860: 15856: 15855: 15854: 15851: 15849: 15846: 15844: 15841: 15837: 15834: 15833: 15832: 15829: 15827: 15826: 15822: 15820: 15817: 15815: 15814: 15810: 15808: 15805: 15803: 15802: 15798: 15796: 15793: 15791: 15788: 15786: 15783: 15781: 15778: 15776: 15773: 15771: 15768: 15766: 15763: 15761: 15760: 15756: 15754: 15753: 15749: 15745: 15744:Death penalty 15742: 15740: 15737: 15735: 15732: 15731: 15730: 15727: 15725: 15722: 15720: 15719: 15715: 15714: 15712: 15710:Other aspects 15708: 15702: 15701: 15697: 15695: 15694: 15690: 15688: 15687: 15683: 15681: 15680: 15676: 15674: 15673: 15669: 15667: 15666: 15662: 15660: 15659: 15655: 15654: 15652: 15647: 15644: 15642: 15639: 15637: 15634: 15633: 15630: 15624: 15623: 15619: 15617: 15614: 15612: 15611: 15607: 15605: 15604: 15600: 15598: 15597: 15593: 15591: 15590: 15586: 15585: 15583: 15581: 15577: 15571: 15570: 15566: 15564: 15563: 15559: 15557: 15556: 15552: 15550: 15549: 15545: 15543: 15540: 15538: 15535: 15534: 15532: 15530: 15526: 15522: 15515: 15514:Jurisprudence 15512: 15510: 15507: 15506: 15502: 15498: 15488: 15485: 15483: 15480: 15478: 15475: 15473: 15470: 15468: 15465: 15463: 15462: 15458: 15456: 15453: 15451: 15448: 15446: 15443: 15441: 15438: 15436: 15433: 15431: 15428: 15426: 15423: 15421: 15418: 15416: 15413: 15411: 15408: 15406: 15403: 15401: 15398: 15396: 15393: 15391: 15388: 15387: 15385: 15380: 15377: 15375: 15372: 15371: 15368: 15362: 15359: 15357: 15354: 15350: 15347: 15346: 15345: 15342: 15340: 15337: 15335: 15332: 15328: 15325: 15321: 15318: 15317: 15316: 15313: 15311: 15308: 15306: 15303: 15301: 15298: 15297: 15296: 15293: 15291: 15288: 15286: 15283: 15279: 15275: 15271: 15267: 15264: 15263: 15262: 15259: 15258: 15256: 15254: 15253:Denominations 15250: 15244: 15243: 15239: 15237: 15234: 15232: 15229: 15227: 15224: 15222: 15219: 15218: 15216: 15214: 15210: 15202: 15199: 15197: 15194: 15192: 15189: 15187: 15184: 15182: 15179: 15177: 15174: 15172: 15169: 15167: 15166: 15162: 15161: 15160: 15157: 15155: 15152: 15150: 15149: 15145: 15143: 15142: 15138: 15136: 15133: 15131: 15128: 15126: 15123: 15121: 15118: 15116: 15113: 15112: 15110: 15105: 15102: 15100: 15097: 15096: 15093: 15087: 15086: 15082: 15080: 15079: 15075: 15073: 15072: 15068: 15066: 15065: 15061: 15059: 15058: 15054: 15053: 15051: 15049: 15045: 15039: 15038:Holiest sites 15036: 15034: 15033:Judgement Day 15031: 15029: 15028: 15024: 15022: 15019: 15017: 15014: 15012: 15009: 15005: 15002: 15001: 15000: 14997: 14995: 14994: 14990: 14986: 14983: 14982: 14981: 14978: 14977: 14975: 14973: 14969: 14965: 14961: 14960: 14954: 14949: 14942: 14937: 14935: 14930: 14928: 14923: 14922: 14919: 14899: 14896: 14894: 14891: 14889: 14886: 14884: 14881: 14879: 14876: 14873: 14869: 14868: 14865: 14855: 14852: 14850: 14847: 14845: 14842: 14840: 14837: 14835: 14832: 14830: 14827: 14826: 14824: 14822: 14821:Other beliefs 14818: 14812: 14809: 14805: 14802: 14800: 14796: 14795:Hilmi Tunahan 14793: 14791: 14787: 14784: 14783: 14782: 14779: 14778: 14776: 14774: 14770: 14762: 14758: 14756: 14753: 14751: 14748: 14746: 14745:Muhammad Asad 14743: 14741: 14738: 14737: 14736: 14733: 14732: 14730: 14728: 14724: 14716: 14712: 14708: 14705: 14704: 14703: 14700: 14696: 14692: 14689: 14688: 14687: 14684: 14680: 14676: 14672: 14669: 14668: 14667: 14664: 14660: 14656: 14655:Sabbatai Zevi 14653: 14652: 14651: 14648: 14645: 14641: 14638: 14636: 14633: 14631: 14628: 14627: 14626: 14623: 14622: 14620: 14618: 14614: 14611: 14609: 14601: 14589: 14586: 14584: 14581: 14580: 14579: 14576: 14572: 14569: 14567: 14564: 14563: 14562: 14559: 14557: 14554: 14552: 14549: 14548: 14546: 14544: 14540: 14531: 14530: 14528: 14523: 14522: 14520: 14513: 14512: 14510: 14507: 14505:Ali al-Aswarī 14504: 14503: 14501: 14498: 14491: 14490: 14488: 14487: 14485: 14480: 14479: 14478: 14475: 14469: 14466: 14463: 14462: 14461: 14458: 14455: 14454: 14452: 14451: 14449: 14446: 14441: 14437: 14431: 14427: 14423: 14420: 14418: 14414: 14411: 14409: 14405: 14402: 14400: 14396: 14392: 14389: 14388: 14386: 14384: 14380: 14377: 14374: 14367: 14363: 14351: 14348: 14347: 14345: 14343: 14340: 14338: 14335: 14332: 14327: 14326: 14325: 14322: 14317: 14316: 14314: 14312: 14309: 14305: 14302: 14301: 14300: 14297: 14292: 14291: 14289: 14284: 14283: 14282:Muʿāmmarīyya 14281: 14276: 14275: 14274: 14271: 14267: 14264: 14263: 14262: 14259: 14258: 14256: 14254: 14250: 14242: 14239: 14237: 14234: 14231: 14227: 14223: 14222: 14221: 14218: 14215: 14210: 14209: 14207: 14206: 14204: 14202: 14198: 14195: 14193: 14189: 14178: 14175: 14172: 14169: 14166: 14163: 14160: 14157: 14154: 14151: 14148: 14145: 14143: 14140: 14138: 14135: 14134: 14132: 14128: 14119: 14118: 14116: 14111: 14110: 14108: 14103: 14102: 14100: 14095: 14094: 14092: 14087: 14086: 14084: 14079: 14078: 14076: 14071: 14070: 14068: 14063: 14062: 14060: 14055: 14054: 14052: 14051: 14049: 14045: 14036: 14033: 14030: 14027: 14024: 14021: 14018: 14015: 14012: 14009: 14006: 14003: 14000: 13997: 13994: 13991: 13990: 13988: 13987: 13985: 13983: 13979: 13976: 13973: 13967: 13960: 13956: 13946: 13943: 13939: 13936: 13935: 13934: 13931: 13929: 13925: 13922: 13920: 13917: 13915: 13912: 13911: 13909: 13907: 13903: 13895: 13891: 13888: 13886: 13883: 13882: 13881: 13878: 13874: 13871: 13870: 13869: 13866: 13861: 13860: 13858: 13854: 13851: 13850: 13849: 13846: 13841: 13838: 13835: 13834: 13832: 13831: 13829: 13827: 13823: 13820: 13817: 13812: 13808: 13798: 13797:Waqifite Shia 13795: 13790: 13789: 13788: 13785: 13781: 13777: 13774: 13773: 13772: 13769: 13765: 13761: 13758: 13757: 13756: 13753: 13751: 13748: 13747: 13745: 13743: 13738: 13730: 13727: 13723: 13722:Ishaq al-Turk 13720: 13716: 13713: 13709: 13706: 13704: 13701: 13700: 13699: 13696: 13695: 13694: 13691: 13687: 13684: 13683: 13682: 13679: 13678: 13676: 13675: 13674: 13671: 13664: 13663: 13661: 13656: 13651: 13649: 13646: 13645: 13643: 13640: 13639: 13637: 13636: 13635: 13631: 13628: 13624: 13621: 13620: 13619: 13616: 13615: 13613: 13611: 13605: 13597: 13593: 13590: 13588: 13584: 13580: 13577: 13575: 13571: 13568: 13567: 13566: 13563: 13559: 13556: 13552: 13549: 13545: 13542: 13538: 13535: 13533: 13530: 13528: 13525: 13524: 13523: 13520: 13519: 13518: 13515: 13514: 13513: 13510: 13506: 13502: 13498: 13494: 13491: 13489: 13485: 13481: 13480:Hamdan Qarmat 13478: 13477: 13476: 13473: 13469: 13466: 13465: 13464: 13461: 13460: 13458: 13456: 13452: 13448: 13440: 13436: 13433: 13431: 13427: 13424: 13423: 13422: 13419: 13415: 13411: 13407: 13403: 13400: 13398: 13394: 13390: 13387: 13386: 13385: 13382: 13378: 13377:Safavid Islam 13374: 13370: 13366: 13362: 13361:Sheikh Haydar 13359: 13358: 13357: 13354: 13350: 13347: 13343: 13340: 13338: 13335: 13334: 13333: 13330: 13329: 13328: 13325: 13324: 13322: 13320: 13316: 13312: 13309: 13307: 13303: 13299: 13295: 13291: 13287: 13275: 13272: 13270: 13267: 13266: 13265: 13262: 13258: 13255: 13253: 13250: 13246: 13243: 13242: 13241: 13238: 13236: 13233: 13231: 13228: 13226: 13223: 13222: 13221: 13218: 13217: 13215: 13213: 13209: 13206: 13204: 13200: 13186: 13182: 13179: 13177: 13173: 13169: 13166: 13164: 13160: 13156: 13153: 13152: 13151: 13148: 13147: 13146: 13143: 13137: 13133: 13130: 13129: 13128: 13125: 13123: 13120: 13119: 13118: 13115: 13114: 13112: 13109: 13104: 13100: 13092: 13089: 13087: 13084: 13080: 13077: 13073: 13070: 13068: 13065: 13063: 13060: 13059: 13058: 13055: 13051: 13048: 13046: 13043: 13041: 13038: 13036: 13033: 13032: 13031: 13028: 13024: 13020: 13017: 13016: 13015: 13012: 13011: 13010: 13007: 13005: 13002: 13001: 13000: 12997: 12993: 12990: 12988: 12985: 12983: 12980: 12979: 12978: 12975: 12971: 12968: 12967: 12965: 12964: 12962: 12959: 12954: 12953:Ahl al-Hadith 12950: 12947: 12945: 12941: 12937: 12933: 12928: 12924: 12910: 12907: 12905: 12902: 12901: 12898: 12888: 12887: 12883: 12879: 12877: 12876: 12872: 12868: 12866: 12865: 12861: 12857: 12855: 12854: 12850: 12849: 12847: 12843: 12837: 12836: 12832: 12830: 12827: 12825: 12824: 12820: 12818: 12817: 12813: 12811: 12810: 12806: 12804: 12803: 12799: 12798: 12796: 12794: 12790: 12784: 12783: 12779: 12777: 12776: 12772: 12770: 12769: 12765: 12763: 12762: 12758: 12756: 12755: 12751: 12749: 12748: 12744: 12742: 12741: 12737: 12735: 12734: 12730: 12728: 12727: 12723: 12721: 12720: 12716: 12714: 12713: 12709: 12707: 12706: 12702: 12700: 12699: 12695: 12694: 12692: 12690: 12686: 12683: 12679: 12669: 12666: 12664: 12661: 12659: 12656: 12654: 12651: 12649: 12646: 12645: 12643: 12641: 12640:Zaydi Shi'ism 12637: 12631: 12628: 12626: 12623: 12621: 12618: 12616: 12613: 12609: 12606: 12605: 12604: 12601: 12599: 12596: 12594: 12591: 12589: 12586: 12584: 12581: 12579: 12576: 12575: 12573: 12571: 12567: 12559: 12556: 12555: 12554: 12551: 12549: 12546: 12544: 12541: 12539: 12536: 12534: 12531: 12529: 12526: 12524: 12521: 12519: 12516: 12514: 12511: 12509: 12506: 12504: 12501: 12497: 12494: 12492: 12489: 12487: 12484: 12482: 12479: 12477: 12474: 12472: 12471:Musa al-Kazim 12469: 12467: 12464: 12462: 12459: 12457: 12456:Ali al-Sajjad 12454: 12452: 12449: 12447: 12446:Hasan ibn Ali 12444: 12442: 12439: 12438: 12437: 12434: 12433: 12431: 12429: 12425: 12417:Post-Salafism 12416: 12415: 12414: 12411: 12407: 12404: 12403: 12402: 12399: 12395: 12392: 12391: 12390: 12387: 12385: 12382: 12378: 12375: 12374: 12373: 12370: 12368: 12365: 12363: 12360: 12356: 12353: 12352: 12351: 12348: 12344: 12341: 12340: 12339: 12336: 12334: 12331: 12329: 12326: 12324: 12321: 12319: 12316: 12314: 12311: 12309: 12306: 12304: 12301: 12297: 12294: 12293: 12292: 12289: 12287: 12284: 12282: 12281:Ibn Taymiyyah 12279: 12278: 12276: 12274: 12270: 12262:Mustadrakīyya 12261: 12258: 12255: 12252: 12251: 12249: 12248: 12246: 12244: 12240: 12233: 12231: 12228: 12226: 12223: 12221: 12220:Amr ibn Ubayd 12218: 12216: 12213: 12209: 12206: 12205: 12204: 12201: 12198: 12195: 12192: 12189: 12186: 12183: 12180: 12177: 12174: 12171: 12168: 12165: 12162: 12161: 12159: 12156: 12151: 12147: 12140: 12136: 12132: 12128: 12124: 12123: 12121: 12119: 12115: 12108: 12104: 12101: 12097: 12094: 12091: 12089: 12086: 12085: 12083: 12079: 12075: 12072: 12068: 12065: 12064: 12062: 12060: 12056: 12045: 12044: 12043: 12040: 12039: 12038: 12035: 12031: 12028: 12027: 12026: 12023: 12022: 12020: 12018: 12014: 12008: 12005: 12003: 12000: 11998: 11995: 11993: 11990: 11988: 11985: 11983: 11980: 11978: 11975: 11973: 11970: 11968: 11965: 11963: 11960: 11958: 11955: 11953: 11950: 11948: 11945: 11943: 11940: 11938: 11935: 11933: 11930: 11928: 11925: 11923: 11920: 11918: 11915: 11913: 11910: 11908: 11905: 11903: 11900: 11898: 11895: 11893: 11890: 11888: 11885: 11883: 11880: 11878: 11875: 11873: 11870: 11868: 11865: 11863: 11860: 11858: 11855: 11853: 11850: 11849: 11847: 11844: 11839: 11835: 11828: 11824: 11821: 11818: 11814: 11811: 11808: 11804: 11801: 11800: 11798: 11796: 11793: 11789: 11783: 11780: 11778: 11775: 11773: 11770: 11768: 11765: 11763: 11760: 11758: 11755: 11753: 11750: 11748: 11745: 11743: 11740: 11738: 11735: 11733: 11730: 11728: 11725: 11723: 11720: 11718: 11715: 11713: 11710: 11708: 11705: 11703: 11700: 11698: 11695: 11693: 11690: 11688: 11685: 11683: 11680: 11678: 11675: 11673: 11670: 11668: 11665: 11663: 11660: 11658: 11655: 11653: 11650: 11648: 11645: 11643: 11640: 11638: 11635: 11633: 11630: 11628: 11625: 11623: 11620: 11618: 11615: 11613: 11610: 11608: 11605: 11603: 11600: 11598: 11595: 11593: 11590: 11588: 11585: 11583: 11580: 11578: 11575: 11573: 11570: 11568: 11565: 11563: 11560: 11558: 11555: 11554: 11552: 11549: 11544: 11540: 11537: 11535: 11531: 11521: 11518: 11516: 11513: 11511: 11508: 11507: 11505: 11503: 11499: 11493: 11490: 11488: 11485: 11483: 11480: 11479: 11477: 11475: 11471: 11465: 11462: 11460: 11457: 11455: 11452: 11450: 11447: 11446: 11444: 11442: 11438: 11432: 11429: 11427: 11424: 11422: 11419: 11418: 11416: 11414: 11410: 11407: 11403: 11399: 11391: 11389: 11386: 11383: 11382: 11378: 11374: 11370: 11363: 11358: 11356: 11351: 11349: 11344: 11343: 11340: 11334: 11331: 11329: 11328: 11323: 11320: 11319: 11308: 11302: 11298: 11293: 11289: 11284: 11280: 11275: 11271: 11269:0-7486-0687-4 11265: 11261: 11256: 11255: 11241: 11240: 11235: 11232:(1984–2011). 11231: 11225: 11217: 11216: 11211: 11208:(1982–2011). 11207: 11201: 11199: 11183: 11177: 11162: 11156: 11140: 11134: 11126: 11122: 11115: 11108: 11104: 11102:9780810868366 11098: 11094: 11087: 11079: 11077:9781593765521 11073: 11069: 11062: 11054: 11052:9781317096733 11048: 11044: 11037: 11030: 11026: 11024:9789004207424 11020: 11016: 11009: 11002: 10998: 10996:9781440861185 10992: 10988: 10981: 10974: 10969: 10967:9781630877187 10963: 10959: 10952: 10945: 10941: 10939:9780253345493 10935: 10931: 10924: 10917: 10913: 10911:9780030525964 10907: 10903: 10896: 10881: 10877: 10876: 10871: 10865: 10858: 10854: 10852:9781135980795 10848: 10844: 10837: 10821: 10817: 10811: 10803: 10799: 10795: 10791: 10787: 10783: 10779: 10775: 10774: 10769: 10762: 10754: 10750: 10746: 10742: 10738: 10734: 10730: 10726: 10722: 10718: 10714: 10710: 10706: 10705: 10700: 10693: 10685: 10683:9780030525964 10679: 10675: 10668: 10661: 10656: 10654:9780691134840 10650: 10646: 10639: 10623: 10619: 10613: 10605: 10598: 10590: 10588:9780521003100 10584: 10580: 10573: 10565: 10558: 10550: 10544: 10540: 10533: 10525: 10519: 10515: 10508: 10501: 10494: 10486: 10484:0-7069-0836-8 10480: 10476: 10469: 10461: 10454: 10446: 10442: 10436: 10428: 10422: 10418: 10411: 10403: 10401:9780520970533 10397: 10393: 10389: 10388: 10380: 10378: 10369: 10367:9781315027746 10363: 10359: 10355: 10351: 10350: 10342: 10334: 10330: 10324: 10316: 10310: 10306: 10299: 10297: 10295: 10293: 10291: 10289: 10287: 10285: 10283: 10281: 10279: 10277: 10275: 10266: 10264:0-7486-0687-4 10260: 10256: 10249: 10247: 10230: 10226: 10220: 10212: 10211:Kitab al-Kafi 10206: 10198: 10191: 10183: 10179: 10175: 10171: 10167: 10163: 10159: 10155: 10151: 10144: 10136: 10134:3-534-03136-9 10130: 10126: 10119: 10103: 10099: 10093: 10091: 10083: 10079: 10073: 10063: 10061: 10059: 10057: 10055: 10046: 10042: 10038: 10034: 10030: 10026: 10019: 10017: 10015: 10013: 10011: 10009: 10007: 10005: 9988: 9984: 9983: 9978: 9971: 9963: 9959: 9953: 9937: 9933: 9927: 9911: 9910: 9905: 9899: 9884: 9878: 9874: 9873: 9865: 9857: 9856: 9851: 9847: 9846:Nāsir Khosrau 9841: 9840:public domain 9827: 9819: 9815: 9809: 9795: 9789: 9785: 9781: 9777: 9776:The Ismā῾īlīs 9773: 9766: 9764: 9755: 9751: 9744: 9737:. p. 84. 9736: 9729: 9727: 9725: 9723: 9714: 9712:0-415-05914-3 9708: 9704: 9697: 9689: 9687:0-7486-0687-4 9683: 9679: 9672: 9657: 9651: 9647: 9646: 9638: 9630: 9624: 9620: 9619: 9611: 9603: 9597: 9593: 9592: 9584: 9576: 9574:81-206-0630-2 9570: 9566: 9565: 9557: 9542: 9536: 9521: 9515: 9499: 9495: 9494:"Qarmatiyyah" 9489: 9481: 9474: 9466: 9459: 9451: 9444: 9437:. p. 26. 9436: 9429: 9421: 9414: 9406: 9404:1-86064-781-2 9400: 9396: 9389: 9381: 9379:0-7486-0687-4 9375: 9371: 9364: 9356: 9354:0-521-42974-9 9350: 9346: 9339: 9337: 9335: 9326: 9322: 9315: 9300: 9294: 9287: 9286: 9281: 9276: 9261: 9255: 9239: 9235: 9229: 9213: 9209: 9203: 9188: 9182: 9167: 9163: 9157: 9138: 9131: 9125: 9115: 9108: 9102: 9095: 9089: 9074: 9068: 9060: 9054: 9050: 9049: 9044: 9038: 9022: 9018: 9012: 8996: 8992: 8986: 8978: 8977:Najul'Balagha 8971: 8963: 8961:9780415341059 8957: 8953: 8952: 8944: 8936: 8934:5-201-13758-X 8930: 8926: 8918: 8914: 8913: 8905: 8897: 8895:0-7486-0687-4 8891: 8887: 8880: 8865: 8861: 8854: 8848: 8844: 8841: 8836: 8834: 8818: 8814: 8808: 8793: 8789: 8783: 8768: 8762: 8754: 8750: 8743: 8728: 8724: 8718: 8711: 8706: 8698: 8692: 8684: 8682:9780807834077 8678: 8674: 8667: 8660: 8656: 8650: 8643: 8638: 8636:9780199862634 8632: 8628: 8621: 8614: 8610: 8608:9780253345493 8604: 8600: 8593: 8585: 8579: 8571: 8565: 8549: 8545: 8539: 8535: 8519: 8516: 8514: 8511: 8509: 8506: 8504: 8503:Nasir Khusraw 8501: 8499: 8496: 8494: 8491: 8489: 8486: 8484: 8481: 8479: 8476: 8474: 8471: 8469: 8466: 8464: 8461: 8459: 8456: 8454: 8451: 8449: 8446: 8444: 8441: 8439: 8436: 8435: 8425: 8385: 8383: 8356: 8355: 8347: 8346: 8345:Patani Bohras 8338: 8337: 8336:Jâ'farî Bohra 8329: 8328: 8307: 8304: 8296: 8294: 8293: 8242: 8238: 8236: 8232: 8230: 8201: 8199: 8174: 8173: 8165: 8164: 8156: 8155: 8145: 8144: 8127: 8124: 8116: 8114: 8106: 8104: 8100: 8098: 8094: 8092: 8091: 8044: 8032: 8030: 8018: 8016: 8001: 7997: 7970: 7969: 7961: 7960: 7952: 7951: 7950:Dawoodi Bohra 7943: 7942: 7921: 7919: 7841: 7837: 7814: 7812: 7806: 7805: 7797: 7795: 7789: 7788: 7780: 7778: 7772: 7771: 7763: 7761: 7755: 7754: 7733: 7730: 7722: 7720: 7719: 7678: 7674: 7672: 7668: 7666: 7647: 7644: 7643: 7606: 7605: 7602: 7590: 7588: 7587: 7579: 7578: 7566: 7565: 7552: 7550: 7470: 7468: 7453: 7452: 7449:Nasir Khusraw 7438: 7437: 7427: 7426: 7412: 7411: 7398: 7395: 7387: 7386: 7347: 7339: 7312: 7309: 7292: 7277: 7259: 7258: 7244: 7243: 7230: 7228: 7158: 7156: 7127: 7126: 7110: 7109: 7097: 7096: 7083: 7081: 7005: 6997: 6966: 6965: 6951: 6939: 6937: 6863: 6861: 6787: 6785: 6762: 6760: 6755: 6754: 6746: 6745: 6733: 6732: 6719: 6717: 6645: 6643: 6608: 6607: 6597: 6596: 6569: 6566: 6562: 6561: 6514: 6510: 6485: 6482: 6480: 6479: 6442: 6441: 6437: 6436:Hamdan Qarmat 6431: 6429: 6427: 6426: 6422: 6397: 6395: 6321: 6319: 6294: 6287: 6285: 6282: 6276: 6275: 6271: 6262: 6257: 6256: 6253: 6228: 6226: 6152: 6148: 6123: 6115: 6110: 6109: 6100: 6095: 6094: 6091: 6066: 6064: 5992: 5990: 5965: 5958: 5957: 5924: 5921: 5913: 5911: 5910: 5873: 5869: 5867: 5863: 5861: 5830: 5827: 5796: 5763: 5728: 5722: 5715: 5681: 5679: 5654: 5653: 5648: 5646: 5612: 5610: 5579: 5578: 5577:Shia doctrine 5574: 5569: 5567: 5533: 5531: 5504: 5503: 5498: 5496: 5462: 5460: 5441: 5440: 5435: 5433: 5405: 5403: 5384: 5383: 5379: 5374: 5372: 5338: 5336: 5317: 5316: 5312: 5307: 5305: 5271: 5269: 5250: 5249: 5245: 5240: 5238: 5204: 5202: 5183: 5179: 5177: 5143: 5141: 5122: 5118: 5116: 5084: 5076: 5074: 5070: 5066: 5056: 5054: 5050: 5045: 5043: 5038: 5036: 5032: 5028: 5024: 5020: 5012: 5011: 5006: 5003: 4999: 4995: 4992: 4988: 4987: 4986: 4984: 4980: 4979:Amman Message 4970: 4968: 4964: 4960: 4956: 4952: 4948: 4942: 4932: 4930: 4926: 4922: 4918: 4914: 4910: 4904: 4894: 4892: 4888: 4884: 4880: 4876: 4872: 4871: 4866: 4862: 4858: 4854: 4848: 4833: 4828: 4824: 4814: 4812: 4808: 4804: 4800: 4799:Ibn Taymiyyah 4796: 4792: 4788: 4784: 4779: 4777: 4776:God incarnate 4773: 4769: 4765: 4761: 4754: 4744: 4742: 4732: 4730: 4726: 4722: 4718: 4712: 4702: 4698: 4688: 4686: 4685:Dawoodi Bohra 4682: 4678: 4677:dai al-mutlaq 4674: 4670: 4666: 4661: 4659: 4653: 4650: 4646: 4642: 4638: 4632: 4622: 4620: 4616: 4612: 4608: 4604: 4600: 4599:United States 4595: 4593: 4589: 4585: 4581: 4577: 4573: 4569: 4564: 4562: 4559:. Beside the 4558: 4554: 4550: 4547:in northwest 4546: 4541: 4539: 4535: 4531: 4527: 4523: 4517: 4507: 4505: 4501: 4497: 4493: 4488: 4486: 4482: 4478: 4474: 4473:Dawoodi Bohra 4470: 4466: 4462: 4457: 4453: 4450: 4446: 4442: 4438: 4432: 4430: 4426: 4425:North America 4422: 4418: 4414: 4410: 4406: 4402: 4397: 4395: 4391: 4387: 4383: 4378: 4374: 4370: 4366: 4361: 4355: 4349: 4342: 4337: 4336:Dawoodi Bohra 4330:Dawoodi Bohra 4327: 4325: 4320: 4315: 4313: 4309: 4305: 4301: 4297: 4293: 4287: 4277: 4275: 4271: 4267: 4263: 4260: 4254: 4252: 4249: 4245: 4241: 4236: 4232: 4222: 4218: 4217: 4213: 4204: 4200: 4198: 4194: 4190: 4186: 4185: 4181: 4173: 4159: 4157: 4153: 4152:Qajar dynasty 4149: 4145: 4141: 4135: 4122: 4117: 4108: 4106: 4102: 4098: 4094: 4093: 4082: 4080: 4075: 4073: 4069: 4065: 4061: 4057: 4047: 4045: 4040: 4038: 4033: 4029: 4028: 4022: 4020: 4015: 4014: 4009: 4007: 4006: 4001: 3995: 3980: 3978: 3974: 3969: 3965: 3963: 3957: 3947: 3946: 3940: 3939:Batin (Islam) 3930: 3928: 3924: 3923: 3918: 3917: 3911: 3910: 3904: 3903:Zahir (Islam) 3894: 3892: 3888: 3885: 3878: 3871:Pir and Dawah 3868: 3866: 3862: 3858: 3854: 3850: 3844: 3842: 3837: 3835: 3830: 3826: 3822: 3812: 3807: 3797: 3795: 3792: 3788: 3784: 3783:Nasir Khusraw 3776: 3772: 3768: 3764: 3760: 3754: 3744: 3742: 3738: 3734: 3730: 3726: 3721: 3719: 3715: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3699: 3695: 3691: 3687: 3681: 3679: 3675: 3671: 3667: 3663: 3662:Nasir Khusraw 3659: 3655: 3651: 3646: 3644: 3640: 3636: 3630: 3628: 3624: 3620: 3616: 3615:Nasir Khusraw 3612: 3607: 3605: 3600: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3583: 3581: 3576: 3574: 3570: 3566: 3565: 3560: 3556: 3552: 3548: 3544: 3540: 3536: 3532: 3528: 3524: 3520: 3516: 3508: 3507: 3502: 3501: 3495: 3490: 3479: 3476: 3469: 3467: 3463: 3459: 3455: 3451: 3447: 3446: 3441: 3437: 3433: 3429: 3425: 3417: 3407: 3405: 3400: 3396: 3392: 3388: 3384: 3380: 3370: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3350: 3347: 3346:reincarnation 3343: 3339: 3334: 3332: 3331:Nasir Khusraw 3328: 3324: 3320: 3316: 3312: 3308: 3304: 3300: 3296: 3292: 3288: 3284: 3280: 3275: 3272: 3269: 3265: 3261: 3257: 3252: 3250: 3246: 3235: 3233: 3229: 3225: 3221: 3215: 3205: 3202: 3200: 3196: 3195:Rashid al-Din 3192: 3188: 3184: 3183:Alamut Castle 3180: 3176: 3172: 3167: 3160: 3155: 3150: 3140: 3138: 3134: 3130: 3126: 3121: 3116: 3106: 3104: 3100: 3095: 3093: 3089: 3084: 3081: 3078: 3074: 3069: 3067: 3060: 3059:Alamut Castle 3056: 3045: 3035: 3033: 3029: 3025: 3021: 3016: 3014: 3010: 3006: 3002: 3001:Seljuk Empire 2998: 2997:First Crusade 2994: 2990: 2986: 2982: 2978: 2974: 2973:Zirid dynasty 2964: 2962: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2946: 2945:Dawoodi Bohra 2942: 2938: 2932: 2930: 2925: 2923: 2919: 2918:Dawoodi Bohra 2915: 2911: 2907: 2903: 2899: 2895: 2892:According to 2890: 2888: 2883: 2877: 2871:الداعي المطلق 2868: 2864: 2859: 2856: 2852: 2848: 2843: 2841: 2837: 2833: 2829: 2825: 2821: 2816: 2814: 2810: 2806: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2792: 2788: 2783: 2780: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2766: 2762: 2758: 2754: 2750: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2730: 2721: 2712: 2710: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2687: 2682: 2679: 2674: 2669: 2656: 2655:Ismāʿīlī Imām 2652: 2648: 2644: 2639: 2629: 2627: 2623: 2619: 2615: 2612:in 930 under 2611: 2607: 2603: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2585: 2575: 2572: 2568: 2567: 2561: 2559: 2553: 2551: 2546: 2541: 2539: 2535: 2531: 2527: 2521: 2511: 2508: 2504: 2499: 2497: 2493: 2488: 2486: 2485: 2480: 2475: 2473: 2469: 2465: 2464:Zayd ibn ʻAlī 2461: 2457: 2456:Zayd ibn ʻAlī 2453: 2449: 2444: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2424: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2401: 2397: 2396:Jama'at Khana 2391: 2389: 2385: 2381: 2376: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2362: 2356: 2341: 2338: 2332: 2326: 2320: 2314: 2308: 2302: 2301: 2294: 2288: 2282: 2279: 2272: 2268: 2265: 2259: 2250: 2245: 2239: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2216: 2213: 2208: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2193: 2191: 2186: 2181: 2177: 2172: 2170: 2166: 2161: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2144: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2121: 2117: 2107: 2105: 2101: 2100:United States 2097: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2081: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2041: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1992: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1969: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1947: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1918: 1917: 1911: 1907: 1902: 1901: 1895: 1890: 1888: 1884: 1881:, who accept 1880: 1876: 1872: 1868: 1862: 1826: 1821: 1815: 1806: 1802: 1791: 1786: 1784: 1779: 1777: 1772: 1771: 1769: 1768: 1765: 1760: 1755: 1754: 1747: 1744: 1742: 1739: 1737: 1734: 1732: 1729: 1727: 1724: 1722: 1719: 1717: 1714: 1712: 1709: 1707: 1704: 1702: 1699: 1697: 1694: 1692: 1689: 1687: 1684: 1682: 1679: 1677: 1674: 1672: 1669: 1667: 1664: 1663: 1657: 1656: 1649: 1646: 1644: 1641: 1639: 1636: 1634: 1631: 1629: 1626: 1625: 1622: 1617: 1616: 1609: 1606: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1590: 1587: 1586: 1585: 1582: 1580: 1577: 1575: 1572: 1571: 1570: 1567: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1553: 1552: 1551: 1548: 1544: 1541: 1537: 1534: 1532: 1529: 1527: 1524: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1514: 1510: 1507: 1506: 1505: 1504:Dawoodi Bohra 1502: 1501: 1500: 1497: 1496: 1495: 1492: 1491: 1490: 1487: 1483: 1480: 1479: 1478: 1475: 1471: 1468: 1466: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1457: 1456: 1453: 1452: 1449: 1444: 1443: 1436: 1433: 1431: 1428: 1426: 1423: 1421: 1418: 1416: 1413: 1411: 1408: 1406: 1403: 1401: 1398: 1396: 1393: 1391: 1388: 1387: 1384: 1379: 1378: 1371: 1368: 1366: 1363: 1361: 1360:Eid al-Ghadir 1358: 1356: 1353: 1351: 1348: 1346: 1343: 1341: 1338: 1336: 1333: 1332: 1329: 1324: 1323: 1316: 1313: 1311: 1308: 1306: 1303: 1301: 1298: 1296: 1293: 1291: 1288: 1286: 1283: 1279: 1276: 1274: 1271: 1269: 1266: 1265: 1264: 1261: 1259: 1256: 1254: 1251: 1249: 1246: 1244: 1241: 1240: 1234: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1224: 1220: 1212: 1206: 1205: 1195: 1190: 1188: 1183: 1181: 1176: 1175: 1173: 1172: 1169: 1159: 1158: 1148: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1135: 1134:Dawoodi Bohra 1132: 1130: 1126: 1123: 1122: 1120: 1117: 1113: 1110: 1108: 1104: 1101: 1098: 1097: 1090: 1089: 1082: 1078: 1075: 1073: 1070: 1068: 1064: 1061: 1059: 1056: 1054: 1051: 1049: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1034: 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556: 555: 552: 550: 547: 543: 542: 538: 537: 536: 535:Dawoodi Bohra 533: 532: 531: 530: 529: 524: 523: 522: 521: 517: 516: 514: 509: 505: 500: 499: 492: 489: 487: 484: 482: 479: 477: 474: 472: 469: 467: 464: 463: 460: 459:Seven Pillars 455: 454: 447: 444: 442: 441:Reincarnation 439: 437: 434: 432: 429: 427: 424: 422: 419: 417: 414: 410: 407: 405: 402: 400: 397: 396: 395: 392: 390: 387: 385: 382: 380: 377: 375: 372: 370: 367: 365: 362: 360: 357: 355: 352: 350: 347: 346: 340: 339: 335: 331: 330: 326: 319: 315: 309: 308: 297: 293: 290: 287: 283: 280: 276: 273: 269: 265: 261: 257: 254: 251: 245: 242: 238: 234: 231: 229: 225: 222: 219: 215: 212: 209: 207: 203: 200: 197: 193: 189: 185: 179: 174: 170: 165: 157: 151: 146: 143: 135: 132: 124: 113: 110: 106: 103: 99: 96: 92: 89: 85: 82: – 81: 77: 76:Find sources: 70: 66: 60: 59: 54:This article 52: 48: 43: 42: 37: 33: 26: 22: 16268:Islamophobia 16143:Christianity 16091: 16024:Contemporary 15918:Architecture 15857: 15823: 15811: 15799: 15757: 15750: 15716: 15698: 15693:Nikah mut'ah 15691: 15684: 15677: 15670: 15663: 15656: 15620: 15608: 15601: 15594: 15587: 15567: 15560: 15553: 15546: 15459: 15304: 15240: 15164: 15146: 15139: 15083: 15076: 15069: 15062: 15055: 15048:Five Pillars 15025: 14991: 14980:God in Islam 14957: 14804:Other orders 14709: / 14702:Nur movement 14673: / 14630:Mirza Ghulam 14561:Tolu-e-Islam 14430:Galibi Order 14428: / 14413:Balım Sultan 14408:Babai revolt 14399:Qalandariyya 14397: / 14299:Mufaḍḍaliyya 14208:Jawārībīyya 14161:Umar ibn Zar 14130:Other Murjīs 13859:Bayhasīyyah 13776:Nuqta-yi Ula 13592:Pir Sadardin 13585: / 13499: / 13495: / 13454: 13412: / 13404: / 13391: / 13371: / 13367: / 13363: / 13220:Zayd ibn Ali 13170: / 13157: / 13108:Ilm al-Kalam 13021: / 13014:Ahl-i Hadith 12882:Umm al-kitab 12880: 12869: 12858: 12851: 12833: 12828: 12821: 12814: 12807: 12800: 12780: 12773: 12768:Fihi Ma Fihi 12766: 12759: 12752: 12745: 12738: 12731: 12724: 12717: 12710: 12703: 12696: 12569: 12436:Twelve Imams 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ABC-Clio. 11296: 11287: 11278: 11259: 11237: 11224: 11213: 11185:. Retrieved 11176: 11164:. Retrieved 11155: 11143:. Retrieved 11133: 11120: 11114: 11106: 11092: 11086: 11067: 11061: 11042: 11036: 11028: 11014: 11008: 11000: 10986: 10980: 10971: 10957: 10951: 10943: 10929: 10923: 10915: 10901: 10895: 10883:. Retrieved 10874: 10864: 10856: 10842: 10836: 10824:. Retrieved 10820:Arab America 10819: 10810: 10777: 10771: 10761: 10708: 10702: 10698: 10692: 10673: 10667: 10658: 10644: 10638: 10626:. Retrieved 10622:the original 10612: 10603: 10597: 10578: 10572: 10563: 10557: 10538: 10532: 10513: 10507: 10499: 10493: 10474: 10468: 10459: 10453: 10444: 10435: 10416: 10410: 10386: 10348: 10341: 10332: 10323: 10304: 10254: 10233:. Retrieved 10229:the original 10219: 10210: 10205: 10190: 10157: 10153: 10143: 10124: 10118: 10106:. Retrieved 10102:the original 10098:"Ismaʻilism" 10081: 10077: 10072: 10028: 9991:. Retrieved 9987:the original 9980: 9970: 9957: 9952: 9940:. Retrieved 9936:the original 9926: 9914:. Retrieved 9908: 9898: 9886:. Retrieved 9871: 9864: 9853: 9826: 9818:the original 9808: 9797:, retrieved 9775: 9753: 9749: 9743: 9734: 9702: 9696: 9677: 9671: 9659:. Retrieved 9644: 9637: 9617: 9610: 9590: 9583: 9563: 9556: 9544:. Retrieved 9535: 9523:. Retrieved 9514: 9502:. Retrieved 9498:the original 9488: 9479: 9473: 9464: 9458: 9449: 9443: 9434: 9428: 9419: 9413: 9394: 9388: 9369: 9363: 9344: 9324: 9314: 9302:. Retrieved 9293: 9283: 9275: 9263:. Retrieved 9260:"Imam Baqir" 9254: 9244:18 September 9242:. Retrieved 9237: 9228: 9218:18 September 9216:. Retrieved 9211: 9202: 9190:. Retrieved 9181: 9171:18 September 9169:. Retrieved 9165: 9156: 9144:. Retrieved 9137:the original 9124: 9114: 9106: 9101: 9093: 9088: 9076:. Retrieved 9067: 9047: 9037: 9025:. Retrieved 9021:the original 9011: 8999:. Retrieved 8995:the original 8985: 8976: 8970: 8950: 8943: 8916: 8911: 8904: 8885: 8879: 8867:. Retrieved 8863: 8853: 8820:. Retrieved 8816: 8807: 8795:. Retrieved 8791: 8782: 8770:. Retrieved 8761: 8752: 8742: 8730:. Retrieved 8726: 8717: 8705: 8691: 8672: 8666: 8658: 8649: 8640: 8626: 8620: 8612: 8598: 8592: 8578: 8564: 8554:15 September 8552:. Retrieved 8548:the original 8538: 8352: 8343: 8334: 8325: 8170: 8161: 8152: 8141: 7966: 7957: 7948: 7939: 7808: 7802: 7791: 7785: 7774: 7768: 7757: 7751: 7599: 7584: 7575: 7562: 7451:al-Qubadiani 7447: 7432: 7421: 7408: 7253: 7241: 7123: 7107: 7094: 6960: 6756: 6751: 6742: 6729: 6603: 6591: 6434: 6424: 6420: 6278: 6268: 6254: 6251: 6122:Ali al-Ridha 6107: 6092: 6089: 5955: 5651: 5571: 5501: 5438: 5376: 5309: 5242: 5062: 5052: 5046: 5039: 5034: 5030: 5018: 5016: 5008: 5001: 4976: 4946: 4944: 4906: 4868: 4864: 4860: 4850: 4830: 4780: 4756: 4738: 4714: 4711:Atba-i-Malak 4705:Atba-i-Malak 4700: 4676: 4665:Alavi Bohras 4662: 4654: 4637:missionaries 4636: 4634: 4596: 4587: 4565: 4557:Saudi Arabia 4542: 4519: 4489: 4458: 4454: 4440: 4436: 4433: 4398: 4362: 4350: 4347: 4323: 4316: 4289: 4255: 4228: 4219: 4215: 4214: 4210: 4201: 4196: 4195: 4191: 4187: 4183: 4182: 4179: 4170: 4137: 4104: 4100: 4096: 4090: 4088: 4076: 4071: 4067: 4063: 4055: 4053: 4041: 4025: 4023: 4011: 4010: 4003: 3999: 3997: 3976: 3972: 3970: 3966: 3959: 3944: 3942: 3920: 3914: 3912: 3908: 3906: 3880: 3848: 3845: 3840: 3838: 3833: 3831: 3828: 3809: 3756: 3740: 3736: 3733:hermeneutics 3728: 3724: 3722: 3717: 3713: 3709: 3705: 3689: 3682: 3677: 3673: 3669: 3665: 3657: 3653: 3650:hermeneutics 3647: 3642: 3638: 3634: 3633:dimension" ( 3631: 3626: 3608: 3603: 3584: 3577: 3572: 3563: 3554: 3550: 3546: 3530: 3526: 3522: 3514: 3512: 3504: 3498: 3471: 3443: 3432:their hidden 3421: 3398: 3394: 3390: 3382: 3378: 3376: 3351: 3335: 3276: 3253: 3241: 3228:Genghis Khan 3217: 3203: 3178: 3168: 3164: 3128: 3124: 3122: 3118: 3096: 3085: 3082: 3070: 3062: 3017: 2970: 2953:Atba-i-Malak 2933: 2926: 2891: 2862: 2860: 2844: 2838:, where the 2817: 2795: 2784: 2781: 2773:Indian Ocean 2737:North Africa 2726: 2683: 2675: 2671: 2587: 2564: 2562: 2554: 2542: 2523: 2500: 2489: 2484:Umm al-kitab 2482: 2476: 2462:who claimed 2445: 2426: 2392: 2377: 2358: 2283: 2273: 2269: 2217: 2209: 2194: 2173: 2162: 2152:, cousin of 2146: 2076:South Africa 2048:Saudi Arabia 2012:Central Asia 1993: 1989:Neoplatonism 1970: 1891: 1879:Twelver Shia 1800: 1799: 1691:Umm al-Banin 1488: 1420:Second Fitna 1300:Intercession 1290:Judgment Day 1016: 1008: 1000: 999:ʿAbad Allāh 892:Constitution 870: 869: 806: 805: 781:Pir Sadardin 741:al-Naysaburi 726:al-Sijistani 679: 678: 633: 632: 602: 592: 591: 565: 558: 539: 526: 525: 518: 512: 324: 154: 142: 127: 118: 108: 101: 94: 87: 80:"Isma'ilism" 75: 63:Please help 58:verification 55: 16043:Other areas 16034:Theological 16029:Eschatology 15986:Mathematics 15923:Calligraphy 15853:Theological 15807:Inheritance 15724:Cleanliness 15154:Shi'a Imams 15148:Ahl al-Bayt 14755:Rashid Rida 14603:Independent 14588:Edip Yüksel 14551:Ahle Qur'an 14502:Nazzāmīyya 14499:Ikhshīdiyya 14486:Huzaylīyya 14477:Bahshamiyya 14453:Mā’marīyya 14445:Rationalism 14395:Malamatiyya 14315:Mānsūrīyya 14261:Khaṭṭābiyya 14192:Mu'shabbiha 14152:Sābit Kutna 14085:Sawbānīyya 14069:Gassānīyya 14053:Gaylānīyya 14047:Other sects 13842:Sa'labīyyah 13839:Maymunīyyah 13816:Arbitration 13698:Khurramites 13662:Sam‘ānīyya 13435:Bābā Rexheb 13365:Shah Ismail 13185:Millî Görüş 13103:Ahl ar-Ra'y 13045:Al-Uthaymin 12966:Kullabiyya 12944:Sunni Islam 12845:Independent 12689:Sunni books 12513:Shaykh Tusi 12486:Ali al-Hadi 12476:Ali al-Rida 12413:Yasir Qadhi 12318:Al-Uthaymin 12308:Rashid Rida 12303:Al-Shawkani 12199:(Jāhizīyya) 12184:(Jubbāīyya) 12088:Jawālikīyya 11942:Ali al-Qari 11857:Al-Sarakhsi 11843:Al-Maturidi 11717:Al-Sha'rani 11697:Ibn Khaldun 11572:Al-Qushayri 11534:Theologians 11515:Metaphysics 11421:Eschatology 11388:Theologians 11230:Halm, Heinz 11206:Halm, Heinz 11145:26 December 10870:James Lewis 10628:26 December 10333:the.Ismaili 10080:(p. 6). In 9942:9 September 9799:25 February 9756:(7): 20–23. 9750:Transaction 9525:17 December 8840:Aga Khan IV 8327:Alavi Bohra 8163:Sunni Bohra 6950:Divine call 4959:Occultation 4631:Alavi Bohra 4625:Alavi Bohra 4545:Jabal Haraz 4417:East Africa 4413:Middle East 4369:consultants 4308:Alavi Bohra 3865:the Qiyamah 3515:kalam Allah 3323:Afghanistan 3295:Afghanistan 3224:Hulagu Khan 2981:Sunni Islam 2949:Alavi Bohra 2828:al-Musta'li 2602:Black Stone 2556:develop in 2382:as well as 2096:New Zealand 2064:East Africa 2016:Afghanistan 2000:Aga Khan IV 1809:الإسماعيلية 1621:Ahl al-Kisa 1536:Qutbi Bohra 1531:Alavi Bohra 1509:Progressive 1435:Persecution 1415:First Fitna 1370:Omar Koshan 1355:Eid al-Adha 1350:Eid al-Fitr 1253:Prophethood 1143:Qutbi Bohra 1125:Alavi Bohra 1107:Aga Khan IV 585:Qutbi Bohra 580:Alavi Bohra 541:Progressive 285:Separations 279:Middle East 275:9th century 233:Aga Khan IV 160:الإسماعيلية 16368:Categories 16198:Ex-Muslims 16093:Shu'ubiyya 16087:Psychology 16075:Literature 16065:Inventions 16011:Philosophy 15819:Leadership 15795:Honorifics 15450:Philosophy 15305:Isma'ilism 15270:Maturidism 15159:Caliphates 15130:Golden Age 15021:Revelation 14799:Süleymancı 14707:Said Nursî 14666:Mahdavīyya 14617:Messianism 14521:Sumamīyya 14511:Hābītīyya 14404:Baba Ishak 14346:Saba'īyya 14333:Mukhāmmīsa 14324:Mughīrīyya 14311:Ghurābīyya 14273:Bāzīghiyya 14241:Bārāq Bābā 14220:Hulmānīyya 14117:Ziyādīyya 14109:Ubaydīyya 14101:Shamrīyya 14093:Sālehīyya 14077:Tūmanīyya 14061:Yūnusīyya 14022:Sauwāqīyya 13998:Hakāiqīyya 13982:Karrāmīyya 13972:Hanafiyyah 13826:Kharijites 13764:Nuktawiyya 13715:al-Muqanna 13693:Muḥammirah 13681:Abu Muslim 13677:Rezāmīyya 13652:Hārithīyya 13644:Janāhiyya 13634:Hashimiyya 13608:Kaysanites 13555:Badakhshan 13488:Qarmatians 13475:Batiniyyah 13455:Isma'ilism 13426:Demir Bābā 13421:Baktāshism 13414:Bektashism 13393:ibn Nusayr 13389:al-Khaṣībī 13373:Kul Nesîmî 13369:Pir Sultan 13274:Khalafiyya 13269:Dukayniyya 13203:Shia Islam 13145:Maturidism 13067:Madkhalism 12970:Ibn Kullab 12793:Shia books 12343:Madkhalism 12243:Najjārīyya 12133:al-Qībtī ( 12107:Karramiyya 12103:Ibn Karram 12059:Mu'jassimā 11947:Al-Maydani 11937:Ali Qushji 11862:Al-Bazdawi 11838:Maturidism 11823:Al-Shafi'i 11692:Al-Baydawi 11652:Qadi Ayyad 11627:Ibn Tumart 11582:Al-Ghazali 11567:Al-Juwayni 11557:Al-Bayhaqi 11548:al-Ash'ari 11520:Philosophy 11441:Philosophy 10475:The Bohras 10235:5 December 9916:23 January 9655:0521429749 9591:The Bohras 9212:Al-Monitor 8991:"Imam Ali" 8525:References 8443:Böszörmény 7242:Al-Muqtana 6753:Qarmatians 6731:Gnosticism 6284:Ismailiyya 6270:Ismailiyya 5311:Imâm Hasan 4967:Qarmatians 4857:Böszörmény 4847:Böszörmény 4841:Böszörmény 3800:Numerology 3794:Burushaskī 3487:See also: 3454:one source 3438:and their 3385:-scholar, 3327:Tajikistan 3319:Badakhshan 3291:Tajikistan 3287:Uzbekistan 3271:rump state 3133:Hashasheen 2985:Banu Hilal 2941:South Asia 2887:missionary 2709:blacksmith 2584:Qarmatians 2197:Mu'awiya I 2072:Bangladesh 1825:Shia Islam 1801:Isma'ilism 1676:Umm Salama 1660:Holy women 1248:Holy Books 1243:Monotheism 1219:Shia Islam 897:Delegation 853:Maymun-Diz 736:al-Shirazi 731:al-Kirmani 716:Qadi Numan 615:Qarmatians 504:Musta'lism 491:Pilgrimage 431:Numerology 325:Isma'ilism 235:; current 199:Shia Islam 188:Tajikistan 168:اسماعیلیان 148:Isma'ilism 91:newspapers 16374:Ismailism 16315:Symbolism 16273:Incidents 16251:Criticism 16148:Mormonism 16050:Astrology 15976:Cosmology 15971:Astronomy 15913:Arabesque 15780:Etiquette 15739:Blasphemy 15529:Economics 15344:Ahmadiyya 15278:Mu'tazili 15266:Ash'arism 14727:Modernism 14659:Sabbatean 14647:Kabbalist 14625:Ahmadiyya 14556:Kala Kato 14529:Kā‘bīyya 14460:Bishriyya 14440:Muʿtazila 14373:al-Juhani 14366:Qadariyah 14236:Kalandars 14216:Hāshwīyya 14104:Abū Shamr 14037:Zarībīyya 14034:Wāhidīyya 14025:Sūramīyya 14019:Razīnīyya 13995:Dhīmmīyya 13964:Hasan ibn 13938:Wahbiyyah 13885:Abu Qurra 13811:Muhakkima 13755:Hurufiyya 13742:Mahdiists 13657:Riyāhīyya 13638:Hārbīyya 13579:Aga Khans 13574:Assassins 13537:Sulaymani 13501:ad-Darazi 13439:Hārābātīs 13356:Qizilbash 13349:Shaykhism 13225:Jarudiyya 13136:Al-Ahbash 13117:Ash'arism 13050:Al-Albani 13030:Wahhabism 12875:Ahmadiyya 12816:Al-Khisal 12726:Al-Irshad 12681:Key books 12328:Al-Albani 12296:Wahhabism 12150:Mu'tazila 12139:Qadariyah 12017:Mu'attila 11932:Ibn Kemal 11927:Khidr Bey 11807:Hanafiyah 11742:Al-Bahūtī 11737:Ibn Ashir 11702:Ibn Arafa 11597:Ibn Furak 11592:Al-Maziri 11543:Ash'arism 11510:Cosmology 11487:Cosmology 11482:Astronomy 11454:Education 10802:162363556 10794:1613-0928 10773:Der Islam 10729:0003-0279 10182:170748666 10174:0021-0862 10125:Die Schia 10045:238691055 9993:15 August 9280:S.H. Nasr 8642:Muslims.. 8530:Citations 7959:Assassins 7811:Aga Khans 6281:Batiniyya 5248:Abi Talib 5182:Abi Talib 5073:Kaysanite 4911:) of the 4861:Izmaelita 4807:mushrikin 4681:at-Taiyeb 4645:Ahmedabad 4611:Australia 4572:Hyderabad 4522:Sulaymani 4516:Sulaymani 4510:Sulaymani 4373:religious 4312:Sulaymani 4280:Musta'ali 4270:Badakshan 4158:in 1848. 4030:) during 3962:Intellect 3887:Ismailism 3591:Mu'tazila 3535:Seraphiel 3462:one world 3458:one cause 3440:concealed 3238:Aftermath 3161:besieged. 3125:assassins 3013:Assassins 2937:Sulaymani 2876:romanized 2815:, India. 2813:Rajasthan 2801:Abadullah 2745:Palestine 2692:assigned 2678:Aghlabids 2620:from the 2604:from the 2423:Zaidiyyah 2258:romanized 2238:romanized 2092:Australia 1910:Akhbarism 1887:true Imām 1814:romanized 1711:Shahrbanu 1596:Qizilbash 1033:al-Manṣūr 974:al-Sajjad 907:Holy Du'a 786:Aga Khans 721:al-Nasafi 642:state of 640:Qarmatian 620:Assassins 354:Batiniyya 249:and sects 206:Scripture 16353:Category 16246:Islamism 16229:Muhammad 16185:Apostasy 16160:Hinduism 16060:Feminism 15991:Medicine 15831:Military 15785:Gambling 15734:Apostasy 15729:Criminal 15641:Marriage 15610:Tayammum 15562:Murabaha 15435:Madrasas 15425:Holidays 15415:Clothing 15410:Children 15405:Calendar 15356:Quranism 15310:Alawites 15274:Atharism 15165:Rashidun 15004:In Islam 14999:Muhammad 14844:Tawakkul 14811:Tawassul 14773:Taṣawwuf 14695:doctrine 14543:Quranism 14337:Namiriya 13966:Muḥāmmad 13959:Murji'ah 13673:Rawendis 13596:Satpanth 13517:Musta'li 13512:Fatimids 13410:Hurufism 13397:Alawites 13302:Sects in 13294:Mahdiist 13230:Batriyya 13176:Deobandi 13127:Shafi'is 13062:Jihadism 13009:Salafism 12977:Hanbalis 12958:Atharism 12871:Malfūzāt 12809:Al-Amali 12406:Hazimism 12118:Murji'ah 12042:Jahmīyya 12030:Mu'jbira 11622:Ibn Aqil 10973:Yazidis. 10872:(2002). 10826:13 April 10753:47785421 10745:12032032 10108:24 April 9906:(1875). 9546:24 April 9504:24 April 9304:24 April 9282:(2006), 9265:24 April 9192:24 April 9146:10 April 9078:24 April 9045:(2007). 9027:24 April 9001:24 April 8869:20 March 8843:Archived 8772:25 April 8732:29 March 8518:Satpanth 8438:Banu Yam 8431:See also 8354:Satpanth 7760:Al-Hafiz 7577:Musta'li 7125:Twelvers 6744:Fatimids 5244:Imâm Ali 5065:Twelvers 5042:Aga Khan 5031:madhāhib 4951:Seveners 4947:Sab'īyah 4935:Seveners 4925:Al-Hafiz 4823:Satpanth 4817:Satpanth 4649:Vadodara 4617:and the 4607:Thailand 4568:Vadodara 4561:Banu Yam 4530:Pakistan 4504:Gujarati 4429:Far East 4427:and the 4409:diaspora 4405:Pakistan 4319:Mustaali 4286:Mustaali 4240:Aga Khan 4111:Branches 4072:ma'salla 4037:New Moon 3861:paradise 3855:and the 3706:muʾayyad 3686:Muhammad 3623:Muhammad 3599:Maturidi 3559:Muhammad 3547:Jibra'il 3519:prophets 3466:one soul 3436:manifest 3434:, their 3366:Pakistan 3315:Aga Khan 3299:Pakistan 3268:Zurayids 3256:Musta'li 3249:Pakistan 3189:. Given 3157:View of 3129:Hasaseen 2849:and the 2811:to East 2771:and the 2763:and the 2550:Da'iyyun 2534:Mustaali 2496:madhhabs 2410:Ambigram 2384:Musta'li 2380:Twelvers 2373:Muharram 2287:'sunnah' 2212:Khawarij 2180:Umayyads 2154:Muhammad 2036:Malaysia 2024:Pakistan 1985:Muhammad 1968:to God. 1938:mystical 1926:Bektashi 1628:Muhammad 1584:Bektashi 1560:Satpanth 1494:Musta'li 1489:Isma'ili 1400:Mubahala 1340:Arba'een 1211:a series 1209:Part of 1028:al-Qāʾim 979:al-Baqir 833:Atashgah 625:Satpanth 610:Seveners 520:Musta'li 508:Nizarism 436:Theology 343:Concepts 314:a series 312:Part of 247:Branches 217:Theology 184:Dushanbe 121:May 2022 32:Ismaïlia 16300:Nursing 16261:Qutbism 16175:Sikhism 16170:Judaism 16165:Jainism 16001:Physics 15948:Pottery 15933:Gardens 15928:Carpets 15843:Slavery 15765:Divorce 15752:Dhabiĥa 15580:Hygiene 15555:Takaful 15537:Banking 15467:Science 15461:Qurbani 15430:Mosques 15390:Animals 15379:Culture 15327:Zaydism 15315:Alevism 15201:Ottoman 15191:Almohad 15186:Fatimid 15181:Córdoba 15176:Abbasid 15171:Umayyad 15104:Leaders 15099:History 15057:Shahada 14972:Beliefs 14893:Shafi'i 14883:Hanbali 14849:Tewafuq 14829:Sadaqah 14790:Barelvi 14781:Ṭarīqah 14635:Qadiani 14608:beliefs 14383:Alevism 14230:Dimashq 14016:Nūnīyya 14010:Maʿīyya 13970:ibn al- 13945:Azzabas 13906:Ibadism 13894:Nukkari 13848:Azariqa 13833:Ajardi 13780:Bábīyya 13686:Sunpadh 13618:Mukhtār 13583:Nizaris 13558:Alevism 13532:Dawoodi 13522:Tayyibi 13484:Sevener 13463:Fathite 13337:Akhbari 13332:Ja'fari 13319:Twelver 13298:Shi'ite 13235:Imamate 13212:Zaydism 13163:Barelvi 13150:Hanafis 13122:Malikis 13091:Maqrizi 13040:Ibn Baz 12999:Zahiris 12761:Masnavi 12313:Ibn Baz 12127:Dimashq 11827:Shafi‘i 11757:'Illish 11492:Physics 11474:Science 11324:at the 11251:Sources 11187:29 July 11166:29 July 10715:: 542. 9888:30 July 9852:(ed.). 9842:: 9119:393–437 8822:1 April 8797:1 April 6759:Sevener 5573:Imamate 5023:Ja'fari 4941:Sevener 4921:Al-Amir 4865:Ismaili 4811:Infidel 4791:Muslims 4787:Muslims 4766:". 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