1985:
674:
622:
646:
25:
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1943:
563:
145:
726:. The sultan was to be a devout Muslim and was given the literal authority of the caliph. Additionally, Sunni clerics had tremendous influence over government and their authority was central to the regulation of the economy. Despite all this, the sultan also had a right to the decree, enforcing a code called Kanun (law) in Turkish. Additionally, there was a supreme clerical position called the
2018:
Because of their heterodox beliefs and practices, Alevis have been the target of historical and recent oppression. They sided with the
Persian Empire against the Ottoman Empire and forty thousand Alevis were killed in 1514 by Ottomans. The Qizilbash of Anatolia found themselves on the "wrong" side of
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2085:
Middle East
Institute: "Salafism Infiltrates Turkish Religious Discourse" By Andrew Hammond - Middle East Policy Fellow - European Council on Foreign Relations
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730:("Sheykh of Islam" in Arabic). Minorities, particularly Christians and Jews but also some others, were mandated to pay the
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Change And
Essence: Dialectical Relations Between Change And Continuity in the Turkish Intellectual Traditions
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2027:. They become subjects of an Ottoman court that viewed them with suspicion. In that troubled period under
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Since the founding of the
Ottoman Empire, Ottoman law and religious life were defined by the
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Cultural
Heritage and Contemporary Change. Series IIA, Islam, V. 18, p.104-105
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The
National Interest: "Turkey's 200-Year War against 'ISIS'" by Selim Koru
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754:(school of Islamic jurisprudence). With respect to creed, the
16:
Overview of the role and impact of Islam in the
Ottoman Empire
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means in
Turkish "the greatest" and it is the greatest, the
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718:, was claimed by the sultan, after the defeat of the
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
734:, the poll tax as mandated by traditional Islam.
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2031:the Alevi people were persecuted and murdered.
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758:school was majorly adhered to, dominating
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774:(sayings and actions of Mohammed and the
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1983:
1493:Safavid conversion of Iran to Shia Islam
778:) so as to apply Islamic principles to
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2110:From culture to ethnicity to conflict
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610:located at the first capital of the
47:adding citations to reliable sources
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2566:(reform and constitutional period)
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2454:List of Ottoman sultans' consorts
2417:Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques
712:. The highest position in Islam,
708:was the official religion of the
2449:List of Ottoman sultans' mothers
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2530:Defterdars/Ministers of Finance
2050:Everyday Life in Ottoman Turkey
1503:Shiism in Persia after Safavids
877:Prophet Muḥammad ibn `Abd Allāh
34:needs additional citations for
2271:Persecution of Ottoman Muslims
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1498:Shia in Persia before Safavids
1232:Crucial figures and influences
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2036:Ottoman persecution of Alevis
58:"Islam in the Ottoman Empire"
2052:. Dorset Press. p. 208.
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1583:Kalender Çelebi rebellion
722:which was established as
369:Sunni schools of theology
2762:Six Divisions of Cavalry
2298:Foreign Affairs Ministry
2048:Lewis, Raphaela (1971).
2029:Suleiman the Magnificent
1809:Other influential groups
1588:Nur Ali Halife rebellion
2755:Agha of the Janissaries
2402:List of Ottoman sultans
167:Prophets and Messengers
2957:Science and technology
2407:Roman succession claim
2015:
1238:Khadija bint Khuwaylid
435:Contemporary movements
250:Rightly-Guided Caliphs
177:Succession to Muhammad
2830:Dragoman of the Fleet
2545:Dragoman of the Porte
2335:Armenian Constitution
2222:Stagnation and reform
2034:Further information:
1987:
1578:Baba Zünnun Rebellion
1573:Persecution of Alevis
1343:Sadr al-Din al-Qunawi
661:in the above and its
2550:Outer Palace Service
2466:Inner Palace Service
1383:Shah Nimatullah Wali
1363:Safi-ad-din Ardabili
1303:Khoja Akhmet Yassawi
813:Part of a series on
782:(Islamic rulings)).
217:Declaration of Faith
43:improve this article
2745:Classic period army
2586:Chamber of Deputies
2561:Imperial Government
1623:Auspicious Incident
1603:Battle of Chaldiran
665:in the image below.
2372:Translation Office
2256:2nd Constitutional
2244:1st Constitutional
2198:Sultanate of Women
2023:border after 1555
2016:
1865:Yazidis in Armenia
1663:Gazi Quarter riots
1618:Kuyucu Murad Pasha
1323:Qutb ad-Dīn Haydar
1308:Abdul-Qadir Gilani
1253:Salman the Persian
766:to understand the
474:Neo-traditionalism
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3217:Star and crescent
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2412:Ottoman Caliphate
2293:Foreign relations
1982:
1981:
1787:Arabati Baba Teḱe
1633:Koçgiri Rebellion
1593:Şahkulu Rebellion
1563:Celali rebellions
1533:Abbasid Caliphate
1508:Umayyad Caliphate
1448:Arabati Baba Teḱe
1333:Haji Bektash Veli
1268:Dhul-Nun al-Misri
1082:Düşkünlük Meydanı
967:Al-Insān al-Kāmil
872:Haqq–Muhammad–Ali
724:Ottoman Caliphate
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601:
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3276:Islam by country
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1948:Islam portal
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1638:Dersim Rebellion
1538:Babak Khorramdin
1468:Börklüce Mustafa
1463:Sheikh Bedreddin
1453:Pir Sultan Abdal
1398:Ali Mirza Safavi
1378:Imadaddin Nasimi
1373:Sadr al-Dīn Mūsā
1283:Mansur Al-Hallaj
1263:Jābir ibn Hayyān
1105:The Twelve Imams
927:Wahdat al-mawjud
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2783:Sekban-i Djedid
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2611:Shaykh al-Islām
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1792:Javad Nurbakhsh
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1613:Abaza rebellion
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1443:Demir Baba Teke
1408:Nur-Ali Khalifa
1313:Ahmed ar-Rifa'i
1273:Bayazid Bastami
1258:Uwais al-Qarani
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2071:Gunduz, Sinai
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1413:Kaygusuz Abdal
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681:Ottoman Sultan
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99:September 2016
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3019:
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3007:
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3004:Ottoman court
3002:
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2845:Naval battles
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2819:
2818:Kapudan Pasha
2816:
2815:
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2811:
2807:
2801:
2800:
2796:
2794:
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2789:
2786:
2784:
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2774:
2773:Reform period
2770:
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2440:
2437:
2435:
2434:Haseki sultan
2432:
2430:
2429:Valide sultan
2427:
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2422:
2418:
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2413:
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2308:United States
2306:
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2240:
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2220:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
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2203:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2194:
2193:Classical Age
2191:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2166:Osman's Dream
2164:
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2159:
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2151:
2144:
2139:
2137:
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2009:
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1995:
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1772:Chepni people
1770:
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1722:Mevlevi Order
1720:
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1705:
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1548:Kaykhusraw II
1546:
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1528:Ishaq al-Turk
1526:
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1486:Alevi history
1482:
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1393:Shaykh Haydar
1391:
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1388:Shaykh Junayd
1386:
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1299:
1298:Yusuf Hamdani
1296:
1294:
1291:
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1288:Nasir Khusraw
1286:
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1038:
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1005:
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985:
983:
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975:
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968:
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948:
945:
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938:
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928:
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849:
848:
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838:
835:
831:
827:
823:
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797:
793:
783:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
750:
735:
733:
729:
728:Sheykhulislam
725:
721:
717:
716:
711:
707:
697:
693:
689:
685:
682:
675:
664:
660:
658:
653:
647:
637:in the above.
636:
635:
630:
623:
613:
609:
595:
590:
588:
583:
581:
576:
575:
573:
572:
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431:
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418:
414:
411:
410:
409:
405:
395:
394:Ahl al-Hadith
391:
388:
385:
381:
377:
374:
373:
370:
365:
364:
357:
356:
352:
350:
349:
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228:
225:
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220:
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215:
214:
211:
206:
205:
198:
195:
193:
190:
188:
187:Judgement Day
185:
183:
180:
178:
175:
173:
170:
168:
165:
163:
160:
159:
156:
151:
150:
146:
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129:
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113:
110:
102:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
3247:
3242:Bibliography
3240:
3233:
3202:Coat of arms
3176:Christianity
3170:
3130:Demographics
3113:of Armenians
3054:Illumination
3039:Architecture
2920:Central bank
2871:Conscription
2797:
2788:Mansure Army
2771:
2743:
2650:Hakham Bashi
2618:Christianity
2605:
2565:
2515:Grand Vizier
2504:
2356:Civil codes
2330:Constitution
2176:Ghaza thesis
2109:
2104:
2092:
2080:
2067:
2049:
2019:the Ottoman-
2017:
1845:Baháʼí Faith
1797:Galibi Order
1782:Ni'matullāhī
1757:Babai Revolt
1702:Akbari Sufis
1692:Qalandariyya
1553:Babai revolt
1473:Torlak Kemal
1423:Balım Sultan
1348:Zahed Gilani
882:Muhammad-Ali
843:
811:
764:Ilm al-Kalam
746:
713:
705:
704:
691:
687:
654:
632:
531:
462:Ahl-i Hadith
402:In terms of
399:
353:
346:
339:
332:
325:
316:
210:Five Pillars
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
3069:Shadow play
2915:Agriculture
2908:Reformation
2904:Enlargement
2750:Janissaries
2459:Kizlar Agha
2444:Hanımefendi
2439:Kadınefendi
2251:Dissolution
2181:Interregnum
1930:Panentheism
1915:Manichaeism
1835:Khurramites
1687:Malamatiyya
1353:Sari Saltik
738:Sunni Islam
706:Sunni Islam
548:Persecution
384:Ahl al-Ra'y
136:Sunni Islam
3265:Categories
3086:Literature
2999:Ottomanism
2694:Sanjakbeys
2677:Beylerbeys
2665:Provincial
2382:Government
2345:Family law
2059:References
1885:Nabataeans
1880:Gnosticism
1815:Isma'ilism
1717:Naqshbandi
1643:Seyid Riza
1568:Bayezid II
1558:Baba Ishak
1523:Al-Muqanna
1513:Abu Muslim
1458:Kul Nesîmî
1418:Otman Baba
1358:Yunus Emre
1179:Leadership
1092:Müsahiplik
1057:Hıdırellez
1017:Psychology
1012:Philosophy
977:Four Doors
830:Kaysanites
796:Batiniyyah
760:madrassahs
655:(Interior
527:Literature
492:Holy sites
380:Maturidism
237:Pilgrimage
172:Holy books
69:newspapers
3138:Armenians
3103:Education
3059:Miniature
3009:Languages
2994:Devshirme
2967:Transport
2767:Timariots
2633:Bulgarian
2525:Kazaskers
2487:Central (
2471:Kapi Agha
2340:Electoral
2266:Abolition
2261:Partition
2041:Footnotes
1920:Shamanism
1910:Mandaeism
1905:Zurvanism
1890:Zoroaster
1855:Yarsanism
1747:Bayramiye
1737:Qizilbash
1732:Safaviyya
1727:Zahediyeh
1697:Qadiriyya
1628:Mahmud II
1328:Ahi Evren
1318:Ibn Arabi
1162:al-Askari
1127:al-Abidin
1030:Practices
1007:Cosmology
826:Hurufiyya
822:Batiniyya
715:caliphate
684:Bayezid I
509:Jerusalem
469:Modernism
457:Wahhabism
417:al-Wijdan
376:Ash'arism
3249:Category
3163:Religion
3076:Clothing
2962:Taxation
2925:Currency
2866:Aviation
2840:Admirals
2793:Hamidieh
2729:Military
2710:Kadiluks
2684:Vilayets
2638:Armenian
2576:Assembly
2313:Treaties
2282:Politics
2239:Tanzimat
2008:Budapest
2004:Gül Baba
1998:Bektashi
1925:Tengrism
1875:Ishikism
1825:Alawites
1762:Hurufism
1675:Related
1428:Gül Baba
1403:Ismail I
1167:al-Mahdi
1142:al-Kazim
1137:al-Sadiq
1132:al-Baqir
819:Ismāʿīli
776:Rashidun
770:and the
756:Maturidi
657:ablution
652:Şadırvan
452:Salafism
421:al-Kashf
390:Atharism
257:Abu Bakr
128:a series
126:Part of
3235:Outline
3190:Symbols
3181:Judaism
3108:Schools
3081:Cuisine
3044:Mosques
3031:Culture
3021:Slavery
2977:Society
2940:Sultani
2901:By era
2894:Economy
2876:Weapons
2689:Sanjaks
2672:Eyalets
2645:Judaism
2598:Millets
2535:Nişancı
2520:Viziers
2365:Halakha
2360:Mecelle
2303:Safavid
2215:Köprülü
2158:History
2112:, p.148
2021:Safavid
2012:Hungary
2001:Dervish
1870:Sabians
1850:Yazdanī
1767:Nuqtavi
1752:Jelveti
1680:Ṭarīqah
1608:Selim I
1598:Şahkulu
1518:Sunpadh
1243:Fatimah
1190:Murshid
1157:al-Naqi
1152:al-Taqi
1147:ar-Rida
1087:Fasting
1047:Taqiyya
1042:Zeyārat
962:Keramat
917:Marifat
907:Tariqat
902:Buyruks
856:Beliefs
846:Alevism
837:Shī‘ism
834:Twelver
786:Alevism
720:Mamluks
543:History
312:Hanbali
307:Shafi'i
286:schools
232:Fasting
227:Charity
155:Beliefs
83:scholar
3212:Tughra
3197:Anthem
3143:Greeks
3096:Poetry
2581:Senate
2350:Düstur
1994:Hurufi
1900:Mazdak
1860:Yazidi
1840:Bábism
1820:Nizari
1712:Uwaisi
1707:Rifa'i
1677:Muslim
1543:Maziar
1438:Alians
1433:Fuzûlî
1220:Cemevi
1210:Dergah
1200:Rehber
1122:Husayn
1072:Mawlid
1062:Nowruz
1052:Ashura
1002:Poetry
997:Yaqeen
992:Sulook
982:Manzil
972:Lataif
912:Haqiqa
815:Nizari
804:
780:fatwas
772:hadith
752:madhab
749:Hanafi
629:mihrab
504:Medina
479:Farahi
355:Jariri
348:Laythi
341:Thawri
334:Awza'i
327:Zahiri
319:Others
302:Maliki
297:Hanafi
284:Sunni
267:Uthman
222:Prayer
197:Sahaba
182:Angels
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
3171:Islam
3153:Women
3120:Media
3091:Prose
3064:Music
2945:Kuruş
2859:Other
2850:Ships
2706:Kazas
2628:Ullah
2606:Islam
2489:Porte
2227:Tulip
1830:Druze
1368:Nāimī
1248:Khidr
1205:Babas
1117:Hasan
1077:Music
1037:Zakat
952:Kashf
947:Ihsan
932:Baqaa
897:Batin
892:Zahir
867:Quran
862:Allah
792:Alevi
768:Quran
732:jizya
696:Bursa
659:area)
521:Lists
499:Mecca
415:(Ahl
413:Sufis
404:Ihsan
90:JSTOR
76:books
3207:Flag
3148:Jews
3050:Art
2950:Lira
2935:Para
2930:Akçe
2823:List
2810:Navy
2737:Army
2318:Wars
2171:Rise
1990:tomb
1988:The
1338:Rumi
1185:Dede
1067:Saya
957:Nafs
937:Fana
832:and
794:and
663:Dome
627:The
378:and
262:Umar
62:news
2623:Rūm
2325:Law
2006:in
1992:of
1215:Jem
1195:Pir
1112:Ali
987:Nûr
942:Hal
694:in
688:Ulu
631:of
419:wa
290:law
288:of
272:Ali
162:God
45:by
3267::
2776::
2748::
2010:,
828:,
824:,
130:on
2708:/
2491:)
2142:e
2135:t
2128:v
2014:.
1996:-
1973:e
1966:t
1959:v
817:-
698:.
614:.
593:e
586:t
579:v
423:)
406::
396:)
392:(
386:)
382:(
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
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