63:
50:
712:
562:, mostly from Iron Monarch was estimated at 2 mtpa. In 1939, it was referred to in England as the highest grade deposit of iron ore known in the world. In 1943, the iron Knob deposit was still delivering an average ore grade of 64 percent metallic content. In 1949, 99% of Australian demand for iron ore was met by supply from Iron Knob and associated mines in South Australia, having risen from 95% in 1943.
70:
604:
In the early days of mining at Iron Knob, ironstone was carted by oxen to
Hummock Hill (renamed Whyalla in 1914). Approximately 300 long tons (336 short tons) was delivered in a good week. Construction of a private railway greatly increased transportation rates and by 1939, 9000 long tons (10,080
592:) announced that it would return to Iron Knob to reopen the Iron Monarch mine. The Iron Monarch mine was prepared for reopening by Arrium in 2013. As of 2015, both Iron Monarch and Iron Duke continue to produce iron ore for export and for smelting at the
547:. In the financial year 1935–36, 291,961 tonnes of ore from Iron Knob was shipped there via the seaport of Whyalla. This became a controversial matter in the late 1930s due in part to Australia's known reserves at the time being limited to Iron Knob and
585:. However, due to rising prices of housing elsewhere, the town has attracted new residents seeking low cost residences. A home could be purchased for approximately A$ 35,000–70,000 and vacant land could be purchased for less than A$ 15,000.
663:
664:"Search results for 'Iron Knob, LOCB' with the following datasets selected - 'Suburbs and localities', 'Counties', 'Government Towns', 'Local Government Areas', 'SA Government Regions' and 'Gazetteer'"
1441:
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1693:
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Quarrying for iron at Iron Knob and Iron
Monarch ended in 1998. When the quarrying stopped, the town population declined to 200 and Iron Knob was under threat of becoming a
570:
494:
Iron Knob's iron ore proved to be of such high quality (upwards of 60% purity) that it led to the development of the
Australian steel industry. It supplied iron to the
281:
269:
565:
Additional deposits of iron ore were developed by the Broken Hill
Proprietary Company further south along the Middleback Range. These include Iron Baron,
391:
386:
371:
1449:
1306:"The Recorder Wednesday, August 16, 1939 South Australian manufacturers hope for steelworks at Whyalla: Pirie's claims as site for factories"
775:
assign the names
Tarcoola, Woomera, Pimba and Iron Knob, to those areas Out of Councils and shown numbered 1 to 4 on Rack Plan 857 (Sheet 1).
95:
755:
257:
62:
17:
233:
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711:
443:, Iron Knob and the surrounding area had a population of 199. The town obtained its name from its proximity to large deposits of
809:
487:) was completed, followed by wharves in 1903. These allowed the direct loading of ships which could transport the ore across
1688:
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555:
in 1937. Waterfront workers and seamen protested against the export of iron ore to Japan, leading to strikes and arrests.
1683:
1501:
605:
short tons) of ore were delivered daily to
Whyalla by rail; trains carried loads of 2000 long tons (2240 short tons).
1663:
926:
455:
The name Iron Knob first appeared on pastoral lease maps of 1854. The first mineral claim in the area was pegged by
1389:
883:
689:
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1511:
1479:
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in the 1910s and 1920s and
Whyalla in the 1930s. The iron ore was transported by the BHP Whyalla Tramway to
1582:
1557:
831:
518:
499:
245:
238:
88:
887:
693:
447:, most notably Iron Monarch which outcropped prominently from the relatively flat, surrounding landscape.
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in
Western Australia. Japan was also considered an 'aggressor' nation following acts of war against
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1335:"South Australia's most important production centre ... Whyalla, the Iron Town, at war"
862:"Monthly climate statistics: Summary statistics Whyalla Aero (nearest weather station)"
617:
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476:
467:, where it was loaded on to 200-ton barges. From 1903, it was transported by rail to
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994:
921:. Government of South Australia - Department of Mines & Energy. p. 221.
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756:"Geographical Names Act 1991 Notice to Assign Names and Boundaries to Places"
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832:"Federal electoral division of Grey, boundary gazetted 16 December 2011"
1607:
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and Iron Queen (discovered in 1920) and Iron Knight, Iron
Duchess and
1577:
1150:"Iron ore for Japan: Trouble on British steamer Port Kembla, Tuesday"
459:
in 1897. Mining commenced in 1900. Iron ore was first transported by
424:
179:
543:
Prior to World War II, iron ore from Iron Knob was also exported to
1547:
951:"Whyalla and Iron Knob: their value to nation: iron ore production"
507:
444:
212:
194:
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521:, New South Wales. The remaining 79% was imported from Britain.
882:
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1474:
1202:"S.A. ships much iron ore to Japan worth £158,000 in 1935–6"
1442:"Iron Knob Preparations in Full Swing 17 Sep 2013 - Arrium"
524:
In the 1920s, iron ore from Iron Knob was exported to the
623:
Highway 1 regularly closes due to controlled explosions.
456:
1046:"Activities at Iron Knob: ore for Newcastle steel works"
616:
as their prefix; some were built by the company at the
513:
21% of the steel required for the construction of the
1694:
Places in the unincorporated areas of South
Australia
1280:"S.A.'s wealth of iron Huge Production at Iron Knob"
864:. Commonwealth of Australia, Bureau of Meteorology
1655:
339:
293:
1020:"Iron ore for Europe Increasing Trade Reported"
919:Mining in South Australia - A Pictorial History
978:Australian Railway Historical Society Bulletin
576:
483:from Iron Knob to Hummock Hill (later renamed
1495:
1180:Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners' Advocate
765:. Government of South Australia. p. 2671
735:. Government of South Australia. p. 339
131:
1502:
1488:
1416:"South Australian ghost town gets a boost"
710:
48:
856:
854:
852:
517:was quarried at Iron Knob and smelted at
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1128:Daily Commercial News and Shipping List
1102:Daily Commercial News and Shipping List
1076:Daily Commercial News and Shipping List
788:"Iron Knob, South Australia (Postcode)"
780:
763:The South Australian Government Gazette
753:
733:The South Australian Government Gazette
479:in the lead smelter there. In 1901 the
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1475:Iron Knob Progress Association website
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810:"District of Giles Background Profile"
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1390:"OneSteel plans to reopen old mines"
1361:"South Australian Iron Ore Valuable"
802:
723:
1254:"Current comment. The War in China"
532:. In the 1930s, customers included
24:
1379:
1324:
1124:"From Whyalla. Iron ore for Japan"
984:
905:
876:
824:
724:Bice, John G. (11 February 1915).
645:
450:
25:
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1468:
837:. Australian Electoral Commission
698:Australian Census 2021 QuickStats
694:"Iron Knob (suburb and locality)"
69:
995:"Bridge History - Pylon Lookout"
211:375 km (233 mi) NW of
68:
61:
27:Iron ore mine in South Australia
1669:Mining towns in South Australia
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884:Australian Bureau of Statistics
690:Australian Bureau of Statistics
1208:. 8 September 1936. p. 15
1072:"Iron ore loadings at Whyalla"
754:Kentish, P.M. (29 July 2004).
682:
223:55 km (34 mi) NW of
217:70 km (43 mi) SW of
13:
1:
1512:Outback Communities Authority
1510:Communities serviced by the
1367:. 24 November 1949. p. 1
1234:. 19 December 1938. p. 2
1104:. 20 February 1935. p. 4
670:. South Australian Government
638:
1260:. 15 October 1937. p. 1
1182:. 10 October 1929. p. 3
957:. 10 January 1940. p. 5
599:
344:Localities around Iron Knob:
239:Pastoral Unincorporated Area
7:
1689:Far North (South Australia)
1679:Iron ore mines in Australia
1312:. 16 August 1939. p. 2
1098:"Iron Ore. Vessels to load"
626:
577:Mine closure and re-opening
10:
1710:
1396:. Australia. 29 March 2010
1286:. 25 March 1937. p. 3
1156:. 20 April 1938. p. 1
1130:. 24 April 1936. p. 4
1026:. 11 June 1929. p. 13
888:"Iron Knob (State Suburb)"
18:Iron Knob, South Australia
1684:Mining in South Australia
1518:
1341:. 31 July 1943. p. 3
1052:. 24 July 1935. p. 4
812:. Electoral Commission SA
588:In 2010, Onesteel (later
558:In 1937, output from the
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1664:Towns in South Australia
1078:. 22 May 1936. p. 4
917:Drexel, John F. (1982).
530:United States of America
111:32.733502°S 137.149293°E
475:where it was used as a
165:66 m (217 ft)
147:29 July 2004 (locality)
145:11 February 1915 (town)
1228:"The iron ore mystery"
892:2006 Census QuickStats
668:Location SA Map Viewer
608:Ships operated by the
573:(discovered in 1934).
510:or dispatched by sea.
116:-32.733502; 137.149293
981:February 1942 pp15-17
515:Sydney Harbour Bridge
506:where it was either
496:Newcastle Steelworks
414:Adjoining localities
1422:. 20 September 2013
886:(25 October 2007).
726:"Town of Iron Knob"
481:BHP Whyalla Tramway
282:Federal division(s)
270:State electorate(s)
107: /
975:Iron Knob Tramway
618:Whyalla Steelworks
594:Whyalla Steelworks
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1452:on 11 March 2017
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692:(28 June 2022).
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1454:. Retrieved
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1583:Leigh Creek
1558:Fowlers Bay
868:18 December
567:Iron Prince
549:Yampi Sound
526:Netherlands
519:Port Kembla
500:Port Kembla
441:2006 census
153:Postcode(s)
142:Established
114: /
102:137°08′57″E
89:Coordinates
1658:Categories
1618:Parachilna
1608:Oodnadatta
1568:Innamincka
1446:arrium.com
897:29 January
794:23 January
639:References
633:Iron Baron
583:ghost town
473:Port Pirie
263:Manchester
127:Population
99:32°44′01″S
1598:Mannahill
1588:Lyndhurst
1578:Kingoonya
1573:Iron Knob
1563:Glendambo
1523:Andamooka
937:0726-1527
841:20 August
816:20 August
600:Transport
571:Iron Duke
439:. At the
421:Iron Knob
411:Footnotes
376:Iron Knob
324:263.4 mm
251:Far North
199:UTC+10:30
171:Time zone
162:Elevation
76:Iron Knob
36:Iron Knob
1548:Coorabie
1543:Cockburn
1420:ABC News
1394:ABC News
1310:Recorder
1050:Recorder
769:16 April
739:16 April
674:16 April
627:See also
536:and the
528:and the
445:iron ore
319:11.5 °C
314:23.7 °C
213:Adelaide
206:Location
180:UTC+9:30
1638:Woomera
1533:Blinman
1528:Beltana
1176:"Notes"
703:28 June
534:Germany
508:smelted
504:Whyalla
485:Whyalla
469:Whyalla
431:on the
397:Cultana
380:Cultana
361:Cultana
326:10.4 in
225:Whyalla
1623:Penong
1603:Marree
1553:Copley
1456:8 July
1426:7 July
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590:Arrium
258:County
246:Region
234:LGA(s)
1643:Yunta
1628:Pimba
1613:Olary
1593:Marla
835:(PDF)
759:(PDF)
729:(PDF)
553:China
545:Japan
321:53 °F
316:75 °F
275:Giles
130:110 (
1458:2015
1428:2015
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1206:News
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1024:News
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933:ISSN
923:ISBN
899:2009
870:2016
843:2015
818:2015
796:2020
771:2019
741:2019
705:2022
676:2019
614:Iron
498:and
477:flux
287:Grey
195:ACST
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457:BHP
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189:DST
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