114:, as the President is the head of the executive branch of power. Since 2005, Iran was led by conservative Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, who first served as mayor of Tehran before being elected as president. Ahmadinejad's name was associated with human rights violations in the country, particularly with the use of violence. The list of these violations included the increased number of death penalties and problems with LGBT rights. According to Human Rights Watch, "basic human rights protection in Iran has deteriorated to new lows" under Ahmadinejad's first presidency as, for example, the number of executions increased by three times. The Iranian president has no power over the judiciary, as it is headed by the chief justice who is in turn appointed by the Supreme Leader.
207:
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supporters of
Ahmadinejad and Mousavi, an angry crowd of citizens broke into shops, started fires, and tore down signs. Civil unrest took place as riot police on motorbikes used batons to disperse Mousavi supporters who staged a sit-in near the interior ministry, where the results were announced. Up to 2,000 Mousavi supporters erected barricades of burning tyres and chanted "Mousavi take back our vote!".
584:"During the election, our mottos supported and remained in the framework of the constitution; today we are devoted to those slogans. We believe that if the people's demands were treated fairly, instead of being distorted by the media and linked to foreigners, and the government promoted truth by fair criticism, our mottos could satisfy the public."
265:, around which lines of people stretched for more than nine kilometers. Gunshots were reported to have been fired at the rally, where Mousavi had spoken to his supporters saying, "The vote of the people is more important than Mousavi or any other person." All three opposition candidates made an appearance.
117:
During the first presidency of
Ahmadinejad, the problem was particularly severe with juvenile death penalty. More than 130 juvenile offenders were sentenced to death in Iran as of 2008. Moreover, independent researchers pointed out that the number of political prisoners increased during Ahmadinejad's
364:
stated via the state press service on the 14th that "in the interrogation of related rebels, we will try to find the link between the plotters and foreign media". A judiciary spokesman said they had not been arrested but that they were summoned, "warned not to increase tension," and later released.
273:
quoted a Rasoul Akram
Hospital nurse that day who asserted that 28 people have suffered from "bullet wounds" and eight have died so far. Over half a million reformist Iranians marched silently from Haft-e-Tir Square to Vali Asr Square on 17 June. Huffington Post reported that day that 32 people had
136:
Mousavi claimed the victory and called for his supporters to celebrate it. At the same time, the office of
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad almost immediately announced that the sitting president had won the election as he had received approximately two-thirds of votes. It sparked the 2009–2010 Iranian election
132:
The election took place on 12 June 2009 but the disagreement between the government and the opposition over the results of the election quickly caused a significant controversy. Ahmadinejad was considered to be winning in a landslide victory, but
Mousavi and his supporters believed the results were
548:
Access to the
Internet and social media as well as the possibility to send text messages was regularly restricted by the government, making it difficult for further protests to materialize. The movement later became less confrontational in an effort to influence the next presidential elections and
544:
Within a year, the Green
Movement had trouble with retaining its relevance. The number of public demonstrations started to decrease because of the harsh reactions by the state. Security forces attacked protesters in the streets and imprisoned activists as well as politicians. Mousavi and Karroubi
268:
Competing rallies for
Mousavi and for Ahmadinejad took place on 16 June. The pro-Ahmadinejad protesters, chanting the phrases "Death to America!" and "Death to Israel!", outnumbered their opponents, but they did not match the numbers of opponents who had protested the day before. Reports from the
260:
On 15 June, Mousavi rallied, with a number of his supporters ranging anywhere from hundreds of thousands to three million, in Tehran, despite being warned by state officials that any such rally would be illegal. The demonstration, the largest in the
Islamic Republic of Iran's 30-year history, was
579:
According to organization officials, the movement encompasses numerous political parties, NGO's and social networks. The "Green Path" has six main members of the central council, who are connected to reformist parties, NGOs, and social networks. The main body consists of ordinary protesters. The
426:, a spokesman for the International Campaign for Human Rights in Iran, stated that "Iranian intelligence and security forces are using the public protests to engage in what appears to be a major purge of reform-oriented individuals whose situations in detention could be life-threatening". In
181:
Clashes broke out between police and groups protesting the election results from early morning on
Saturday onward. At the beginning, the protests were considered peaceful. However, as time passed, they became increasingly violent. In a stand-off that later took place in north Tehran between
457:
536:
turned more violent as hundreds of thousands took to the streets once again, the highest turnout since June, and clashed with state security forces. Hundreds of people were arrested and at least 15 people died. Among them was the 35 year-old nephew of Mir-Hossein Mousavi,
202:
has stated that "tens of thousands" protested on 13 June. Demonstrators are chanting phrases such as "Down with the dictator", "Death to the dictator", and "Give us our votes back". Mousavi urged for calm and asked that his supporters refrain from acts of violence.
118:
first presidency. Other problems with human rights involved the absence of basic protection of LGBT rights. The number of criminal convictions for homosexual sex increased between 2005 and 2009, while the President even denied the existence of gay people in Iran.
563:
Mousavi and other reformist leaders are now working in peaceful and legal methods to widen the influence of their reforms. They have set up a new coalition named "The Green Path of Hope". Iranian political parties and movements need to be authorized by the
369:
linked some arrests to terrorism supported from outside Iran, stating that "more than 20 explosive consignments were discovered". Others, he said, were "counter-revolutionary groups" who had "penetrated election headquarters" of the election candidates.
90:
of 1978–79. While the protests started out as a peaceful, non-violent movement, hundreds of people were arrested and several died as protests turned more violent in the following months. The movement eventually had trouble with retaining its momentum.
348:
said were involved in orchestrating protests on 13 June. Anonymous sources said that the police stormed the headquarters of the IIPF and arrested a number of people. Iranian journalist Mashallah Shamsolvaezin claimed that presidential candidate
121:
Issues with human rights and other problems, such as the alleged voting fraud, led Ahmadinejad's popularity to decline. This was especially the case in urban areas, including the country's capital Tehran, and among the youth, according to
510:
and across the country, significantly slowed down internet access and censored any form of media agreeing with the opposition, hundreds of thousands of Iranians chanted this motto, defying the law and challenging the Islamic Republic.
519:
The Green Movement spread throughout the nation as a non-violent protest movement, bringing about hope of more democratization. Protests lasted all through the fall of 2009, with big events happening on national holidays. On
498:
In the aftermath of the election, protests increased and several massive protests were held around the country by the people. The government arrested a large number of the protesters and several were killed by the police and
193:
described the 13 June situation as the "biggest unrest since the 1979 revolution." It also reported that protests seemed spontaneous without any formal organization. Two hundred people protested outside Iran's embassy in
549:
several groups linked to the Green Movement supported the campaign of Hassan Rouhani in 2014. Following his victory, slogans and symbols that emerged during the protests in 2009 were used again by his supporters.
420:, other Freedom Movement activists and eight members of the IIPF were arrested, with reports of at least 100 civic figures' arrests. The total number of arrests across Iran since the election was reported as 500.
1923:
571:
The Green Path of Hope claims it seeks to continue protests against Ahmadinejad's presidency following lawful and peaceful methods, and the full execution of the constitution, as Mousavi says:
649:
wrote to Iran's Football Federation asking for clarification on the situation. The Iranian Football Federation replied that no disciplinary action has been taken against any player. As of
580:
strategy is to connect existent pressures and issues in society in a social network, and to therefore lead protests in a lawful manner. The goals of the organization are stated as follows:
433:
In 2011, Mir Hossein Mousavi and his wife and Mehdi Karroubi were placed under house arrest by the government. During his election campaigns in 2013 and 2017, then-presidential candidate
133:
fraudulent. They suggested that the Interior Minister Sadegh Mahsouli, an ally of Ahmadinejad, had interfered with the election and distorted the votes to keep Ahmadinejad in power.
3150:
2855:
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2037:
1550:
568:. Mousavi neither recognizes the current government as legitimate nor is likely to receive permission; so, the movement was named a "path" in order to bypass this law.
277:
On 14 February 2011, the largest Green demonstrations in Iran in more than a year broke out. In response, pro-government MPs called for the death of opposition leaders
3145:
1308:
641:. However green was one of the colors of their uniform, which also had green shirt logos. Initially it was reported that all seven players were banned for life by the
2793:
129:
In 2009, the Iranian government held a regular presidential election. Former Prime Minister Mir-Hossein Mousavi was the most popular candidate opposing Ahmadinejad.
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reported that 5 of 11 arrested journalists were still detention as of 16 June, and that a further 10 journalists were unaccounted for and may have been arrested.
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389:, who said that security officials had posed as clients. Over 100 students were arrested after security forces fired tear gas at protesters at
1494:
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257:. In response to the reformist protests, tens of thousands of people rallied in Tehran on 14 June to support the victory of Ahmadinejad.
2848:
3290:
1248:
3441:
312:, the government arrested over 170 people, according to police officials. Among them were prominent reformist politicians, including
63:'s campaign, but after the election it became the symbol of unity and hope for those asking for annulment of what they regarded as a
3586:
137:
protests, which were organized mostly by Mousavi's supporters and were directed against Ahmadinejad and the government in general.
217:
reported on 14 June that two people had died in the rioting so far. That day, protests had been organized in front of the Iranian
3196:
2949:
797:
437:
pledged to release them if he were to be elected as president, but the opposition leaders remain under house arrest to this day.
353:
was put under house arrest, although officials denied this. An estimated 200 people were detained after clashes with students at
154:
100:
79:
2027:
1827:
1560:
2616:
690:
524:(September 18), the anniversary of the US Embassy takeover (November 4), National Students Day (December 7th) and the day of
1316:
851:
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3556:
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2902:
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52:
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were placed under house arrest in 2010, which created even more difficulties for the Green Movement to stay organized.
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2507:
110:
The office of the President in Iran is considered the second most powerful position in the country, after that of the
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1027:
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650:
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1804:
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321:
186:
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819:
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state media and elsewhere stated on 16 June that seven people have died in all of the protests so far. However,
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3486:
3436:
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1883:
153:. If we gain power through aggression we would have to keep it through aggression. That is why we're having a
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3380:
3359:
3206:
3004:
2944:
1980:
1111:
366:
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3191:
3056:
2964:
705:
700:
695:
1438:
762:
3518:
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3327:
3181:
2954:
710:
594:
565:
1524:
1472:
430:, prosecutor-general Mohammadreza Habibi warned that dissidents could face execution under Islamic law.
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538:
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2662:
1196:
394:
2373:
1065:
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2175:
1924:"Defeated Iranian reformist Mir-Hossein Mousavi calls for more protest against Mahmoud Ahmadinejad"
1502:
1252:
401:
1952:
1411:
506:
Even though the Iranian government didn’t allow any form of gathering by opposition-supporters in
3414:
478:
299:
86:'s modern political history and observers claimed that these protests were the largest since the
145:, because everyone inside the system was a revolutionary. But now he's a reformer. Now he knows
3242:
558:
385:, who had been demanding a recount of all votes, was also arrested on the Tuesday according to
111:
2528:
736:
3481:
3451:
3446:
2974:
2794:"Iran soccer players banned from national team after wearing green pro-opposition wristbands"
2704:
2324:
2296:
2272:
2197:
1832:
1407:
525:
483:) is a motto which was used during the protests. The Iranian government, headed by President
333:
176:
72:
64:
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1344:
1256:
3530:
3342:
1896:
905:
715:
408:, was arrested while undergoing tests at Pars hospital in Tehran. He was held overnight in
303:
278:
2222:
653:, several of the above-mentioned players have played again for the national team, notably
8:
3347:
3107:
3102:
3030:
2502:
1928:
491:
had already claimed victory before the vote count was done and supporters of Mousavi and
484:
382:
374:
350:
60:
56:
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3252:
2989:
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2634:
2302:
2111:
1282:
413:
190:
87:
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528:'s death (December 19) there were turnouts of thousands of people. On the holy day of
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3385:
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2417:
2032:
2008:
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1372:
1179:
987:
742:
390:
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162:
637:
allegedly wore green wristbands in support of the Iranian Green Movement during the
51:
by the western media, refers to a political movement that arose after the June 12,
3337:
3040:
2670:
2138:
662:
634:
626:
471:
427:
361:
341:
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36:
24:
2674:
3400:
3311:
3211:
3045:
2979:
2859:
1555:
1089:
630:
575:"You can't follow some parts of the constitution and throw the rest into a bin."
533:
378:
3124:
3035:
2877:
2730:
658:
654:
622:
610:
434:
282:
68:
870:
821:دعوتنامه برگزارکنندگان مراسم ۱۸ تیر از ميرحسين موسوی و مهدی کروبی و محمد خاتمی
261:
Mousavi's first public appearance after the election. Protests focused around
3545:
3421:
3201:
3119:
2959:
2682:
2626:
2582:
1776:
645:, but state-run media claimed that all seven had "retired". On 24 June 2009,
618:
405:
317:
142:
3086:
2223:"Iran's Human Rights Activists Being Arrested, Nobel Prize Winner Tells NPR"
3009:
2571:"Violence in Tehran: Iranian Demonstrators Put the Regime on the Defensive"
2078:
1986:
1863:
1135:
423:
386:
270:
71:
are recognized as political leaders of the Green Movement. Grand Ayatollah
2705:"زييات "راه سبز اميد" از زبان عليرضا بهشتی: خاتمی و کروبی عضو شورای مرکزی"
2606:
1856:"Ahmadinejad challenger calls off Tehran rally to avert further bloodshed"
932:
463:, coming and watching the Iranian Green Movement, has become a web mascot.
2887:
1637:
1442:
682:
409:
262:
150:
55:
and lasted until early 2010, in which protesters demanded the removal of
3014:
2999:
2863:
2608:
Wired citizenship : youth learning and activism in the Middle East
614:
2882:
1742:"Iran Updates (VIDEO): Live-Blogging The Uprising (Saturday, June 13)"
2878:
UCLA Digital Library Collection of Green Movement Pictures and Videos
829:
254:
218:
206:
412:
before being released and returning to hospital, where according to
3268:
2074:"Iran elections: mass arrests and campus raids as regime hits back"
521:
492:
445:
2442:
2349:"Photo of Iran opposition leader Mousavi, wife shared despite ban"
1802:
2663:"Explaining the Crisis of the Green Movement in Iran (2009-2017)"
2143:
488:
460:
450:
400:
On 17 June, former foreign minister and secretary-general of the
94:
1468:
1312:
529:
507:
500:
456:
417:
309:
250:
246:
238:
234:
222:
195:
146:
16:
Political movement after the 2009 Iranian presidential election
2250:
Relatives: Iranian activist pulled from hospital bed, arrested
308:
On the weekend of 13 and 14 June, in a series of raids across
1498:
766:
606:
230:
226:
2392:"Breaking News: Mousavi claims victory in presidential vote"
2374:"QODS DAY: Protesters Transform Jerusalem Day Into Iran Day"
1853:
487:, released results claiming a two-thirds majority. However,
1950:
1608:
1348:
1112:"Tear gas and Twitter: Iranians take their protests online"
646:
345:
242:
214:
199:
83:
2759:. 23 July 2010. Archived from the original on 23 July 2010
2529:
Iranians, by hundreds of thousands, ask: Where is my vote?
1162:
1115:
1009:"UN: Hold Ahmadinejad Accountable for Iran Rights Crisis"
1921:
1085:"Iran Election in Dispute as 2 Candidates Claim Victory"
852:"مخملباف "آزادی آفرینش" را به آیتالله منتظری تقدیم کرد"
373:
On 16 June, Reuters reported that former vice-president
185:
The demonstrations grew bigger and more heated than the
75:
was also mentioned as spiritual leader of the movement.
2853:: The Green Movement and the Struggle for Iran's Future
2443:
Ian Black; Vikram Dodd; Matthew Weaver (15 June 2009).
1803:
Octavia Nasr; Reza Sayah; Samson Desta (16 June 2009).
59:
from office. Green was initially used as the symbol of
1131:"Iran election protests: the dead, jailed and missing"
2139:"Ahmadinejad: Anyone who strikes Iran will regret it"
1828:"In Iran, rival factions rally after days of unrest"
1772:"Tehran's Rallying Cry: 'We Are the People of Iran'"
1465:"Protesters rally outside Iranian embassy in London"
672:
514:
2326:
Iran prosecutor warns of death penalty for violence
2199:
Leading Iranian reformist arrested, his office says
2067:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2026:Mostaghim, Ramin; Daragahi, Borzou (15 June 2009).
1826:Daragahi, Borzou; Mostaghim, Ramin (16 June 2009).
1309:"Manifestation devant l'ambassade d'Iran à Londres"
3504:Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752 protests
2549:The Iran Primer - United States Institute of Peace
2274:Iran opposition politician Yazdi released - source
1642:"Iran Updates (VIDEO): Live-Blogging The Uprising"
1249:"Election Battles Turn Into Street Fights in Iran"
1220:"Ahmadinejad wins surprise Iran landslide victory"
1028:"From discrimination to death – being gay in Iran"
2025:
1825:
1662:"Iran Election Live-Blogging (Wednesday June 17)"
1439:"Iranians Protests Across the World (In Persian)"
1404:"Protester Killed After Opposition Rally in Iran"
3543:
2777:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
2753:"Green path of hope, Mousavi's new organization"
2246:
2052:
1975:
1973:
314:Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution Organization
2495:
1854:Philippe Naughton; Tony Halpin (16 June 2009).
1682:"Iran Election Live-Blogging (Tuesday June 16)"
901:"Iran Protest Biggest Since Iranian Revolution"
738:Shi-ism and the Democratisation Process in Iran
2317:
2164:
2162:
2028:"Iran tries to put a lid on election protests"
1951:Robert F. Worth; Nazila Fathi (14 June 2009).
1722:"Iran Election Live-Blogging (Sunday June 14)"
1702:"Iran Election Live-Blogging (Monday June 15)"
1551:"Tweehonderd demonstranten bij ambassade Iran"
588:
95:Outcome of 2009–2010 Iranian election protests
3562:History of civil rights and liberties in Iran
3284:
3072:
2903:
1970:
1953:"Opposition Members Detained in a Tense Iran"
1525:"Iranian-Australians protest election result"
1345:"Tehran youth: I'll never vote in Iran again"
495:accused the government of rigging the votes.
336:, who was later released. Also arrested were
2107:"Innocent Googling? No Such Thing in Tehran"
1433:
1431:
1429:
962:"Iran: How a unique system runs the country"
609:on 17 June 2009, seven members of the team,
2933:2009 Iranian presidential election protests
2869:Slater Bakhtavar's Iran: The Green Movement
2824:"Iran says it didn't punish soccer players"
2214:
2159:
2009:"Iran reformists held after street clashes"
1982:Iran reformists arrested after Tehran riots
1922:Colin Freeman; David Blair (14 June 2009).
3291:
3277:
3079:
3065:
2917:
2910:
2896:
2639:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1805:"Rival demonstrations fill Tehran streets"
1047:"How Iran is trying to win back the youth"
3442:Iranian protests against compulsory hijab
2498:"Iran: Vote recount, Clash leaves 7 dead"
1426:
1373:"Ahmadinejad defiant on 'free' Iran poll"
1076:
862:
828:(in Persian). 5 July 2009. Archived from
765:. Fars News. 22 June 2009. Archived from
552:
2727:"د میکنیم تا حقوق مردم را استیفا کنیم/"
2661:Niakooee, Seyed Amir (23 January 2020).
2660:
1944:
1915:
1559:(in Dutch). 14 June 2009. Archived from
1338:
1336:
1334:
1211:
1082:
1066:"Iran's Challenger: Mir-Hossein Mousavi"
1044:
1025:
868:
734:
455:
444:
205:
3567:History of the Islamic Republic of Iran
2950:2009 Iranian university dormitory raids
2791:
2220:
1889:
1796:
1766:
1764:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1583:"Crowds join Ahmadinejad victory rally"
1367:
1365:
1128:
381:had been arrested. Human rights lawyer
3544:
3457:2018–2019 general strikes and protests
2542:
2445:"Iran opposition rally banned Mousavi"
2131:
2104:
1847:
1739:
1719:
1699:
1679:
1659:
1636:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1243:
1241:
1063:
956:
954:
787:
781:
3272:
3217:Execution of Mohammad-Reza Ali-Zamani
3060:
2891:
2883:Digital Gallery of Green Movement Art
2656:
2654:
2601:
2599:
2538:
2536:
2119:from the original on 15 November 2012
2086:from the original on 6 September 2013
1487:
1342:
1331:
1217:
1197:"Iran election protests turn violent"
1003:
1001:
800:from the original on 30 November 2022
735:Moussawi, Ibrahim (16 January 2012).
357:, although many were later released.
288:
3509:2021 Sistan and Baluchestan protests
3499:2019 Sistan and Baluchestan protests
3298:
2568:
2071:
1761:
1623:
1575:
1362:
1026:Whitaker, Brian (15 December 2010).
913:from the original on 25 January 2011
881:from the original on 13 October 2012
440:
3396:2009 presidential election protests
2418:"Fresh rally takes place in Tehran"
2171:Government supporters rally in Iran
1529:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
1495:"Voto Iran, corteo studenti a Roma"
1391:
1279:"Poll results prompt Iran protests"
1238:
1189:
1159:"Iran police clash with protesters"
951:
933:"Iran's crackdown dampens protests"
869:Rothberg, Peter (4 February 2010).
475:
101:2009–2010 Iranian election protests
40:
28:
13:
3582:2009 Iranian presidential election
3088:2009 Iranian presidential election
2651:
2596:
2533:
2471:"Q&A: Iran election aftermath"
1271:
998:
53:2009 Iranian presidential election
14:
3608:
2849:Nader Hashemi and Danny Postel's
2842:
2611:. Linda Herrera. New York. 2014.
2569:Putz, Ulrike (28 December 2009).
2247:Ashley Broughton (17 June 2009).
2040:from the original on 24 June 2009
1897:"Masses mourn protesters in Iran"
1884:Students in Iran Clash at Funeral
1083:Erdbrink, Thomas (13 June 2009).
1045:Bajoghli, Narges (20 July 2015).
691:2009–10 Iranian election protests
651:2014 FIFA World Cup qualification
515:Development of the Green Movement
157:, defined by peace and democracy.
3427:2015 Fitilieh programme protests
3192:Death of Dr. Ramin Pourandarjani
2729:. Parlemann News. Archived from
2543:Milani, Abbas (6 October 2010).
2496:Thomas Erdbrink (16 June 2009).
788:Milani, Abbas (6 October 2010).
675:
377:and former presidential advisor
322:Islamic Iran Participation Front
3587:Nonviolent resistance movements
2816:
2785:
2745:
2719:
2697:
2562:
2522:
2489:
2463:
2436:
2410:
2384:
2366:
2341:
2289:
2265:
2240:
2190:
2098:
2019:
2001:
1877:
1819:
1601:
1543:
1517:
1457:
1301:
1169:
1151:
1129:Jeffery, Simon (29 July 2009).
1122:
1104:
1057:
1038:
1019:
980:
3222:Execution of Arash Rahmanipour
2792:Clayton, Andy (24 June 2009).
2221:Memmott, Mark (16 June 2009).
1780:. 15 June 2009. Archived from
1501:. 13 June 2009. Archived from
1471:. 14 June 2009. Archived from
1410:. 15 June 2009. Archived from
1315:. 13 June 2009. Archived from
1285:. 13 June 2009. Archived from
1255:. 13 June 2009. Archived from
925:
893:
871:"The Nation: Protests in Iran"
844:
812:
755:
728:
639:2009 Iranian election protests
599:2010 FIFA World Cup qualifiers
1:
2945:2009 Iran poll protests trial
2675:10.1080/17419166.2020.1716733
2105:Keller, Bill (16 June 2009).
2072:Tait, Robert (17 June 2009).
1740:Pitney, Nico (14 June 2009).
1720:Pitney, Nico (14 June 2009).
1700:Pitney, Nico (15 June 2009).
1680:Pitney, Nico (17 June 2009).
1660:Pitney, Nico (17 June 2009).
1176:I speak for Mousavi. And Iran
1064:Altman, Alex (12 June 2009).
721:
367:Gholam Hossein Mohseni-Ejehei
210:Protesters in Tehran, 16 June
2975:Death of Ayatollah Montazeri
2965:Death of Ramin Pourandarjani
1343:Cohen, Dudi (14 June 2009).
416:he remained under guard. In
7:
3572:Iranian democracy movements
3557:2009 establishments in Iran
3432:2016 Cyrus the Great Revolt
3312:Tobacco Protest (1890–1892)
3182:Killing of Neda Agha-Soltan
2990:Death of Mohsen Rouholamini
2955:Killing of Neda Agha-Soltan
1886:, nyt.com, 16 February 2011
1218:Black, Ian (13 June 2009).
711:Killing of Neda Agha-Soltan
668:
643:Iranian Football Federation
589:Iran national football team
501:governmental militia forces
170:
43:), also referred to as the
10:
3613:
3187:Death of Seyed Ali Mousavi
3005:Death of Mohammad Mokhtari
2985:Death of Seyed Ali Mousavi
2800:. New York. Archived from
2757:Iranian Labour News Agency
988:"Guide: How Iran is ruled"
556:
297:
293:
174:
106:Background to the protests
98:
67:. Mir Hossein Mousavi and
3373:
3320:
3304:
3258:Kahrizak Detention Center
3248:The Green Scroll Campaign
3230:
3159:
3133:
3095:
3023:
2970:The Green Scroll Campaign
2925:
526:Grand Ayatollah Montazeri
395:Reporters Without Borders
3477:2018 university protests
3167:Timeline of the protests
2995:2011–12 Iranian protests
2298:Iran: Halt the Crackdown
820:
706:2019–20 Iranian protests
701:2017–18 Iranian protests
696:2011–12 Iranian protests
402:Freedom Movement of Iran
274:died protesting so far.
3415:2011 Khuzestan protests
3253:Iranian reform movement
2329:. Reuters. 18 June 2009
2277:. Reuters. 19 June 2009
2202:. Reuters. 16 June 2009
328:, and former president
300:Law enforcement in Iran
80:Green Movement protests
3552:Iranian Green Movement
3243:The Green Path of Hope
3238:Iranian Green Movement
3151:International reaction
2960:Death of Sohrab Aarabi
2919:Iranian Green Movement
2667:Democracy and Security
586:
577:
559:The Green Path of Hope
553:The Green Path of Hope
464:
453:
365:Intelligence minister
211:
168:
149:– before he knew only
82:were a major event in
21:Iranian Green Movement
3472:2018 protest movement
3447:2018 Dervish protests
3381:2003 student protests
3365:1999 student protests
3090:and subsequent events
3010:Death of Haleh Sahabi
2643:) CS1 maint: others (
1833:The Los Angeles Times
1408:National Public Radio
582:
573:
459:
448:
334:Mohammad-Reza Khatami
209:
187:1999 student protests
177:2011 Iranian protests
139:
73:Hossein-Ali Montazeri
3531:Mahsa Amini protests
3467:August 2018 uprising
3401:2009 Ashura protests
3343:1978 Tabriz protests
2545:"The Green Movement"
1015:. 17 September 2008.
906:The Washington Times
790:"The Green Movement"
716:Mahsa Amini protests
360:Acting Police Chief
304:Human rights in Iran
279:Mir Hussein Moussavi
3519:2021 water protests
3462:2018 water protests
3348:Black Friday (1978)
3328:1963 demonstrations
3207:Post-election trial
3108:Mir-Hossein Mousavi
3103:Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
3096:Approved candidates
3031:Mir-Hossein Mousavi
3015:Death of Hoda Saber
3000:Death of Sane Jaleh
2851:The People Reloaded
2826:. CBC. 26 June 2009
2798:New York Daily News
2510:on 11 November 2012
2503:The Washington Post
2380:. 18 November 2009.
1199:. CNN. 13 June 2009
485:Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
383:Abdolfattah Soltani
375:Mohammad-Ali Abtahi
351:Mir-Hossein Mousavi
141:Previously, he was
65:fraudulent election
61:Mir Hossein Mousavi
57:Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
3524:2022 food protests
3514:2021–2022 protests
3487:2019–2020 protests
3437:2017–2018 protests
3422:2015 Mahabad riots
3410:2011–2012 protests
3355:Women Day protests
3333:Iranian Revolution
2858:3 May 2011 at the
2303:Human Rights Watch
2112:The New York Times
1957:The New York Times
1283:Al Jazeera English
1165:. 7 December 2009.
1013:Human Rights Watch
763:"Fars News Agency"
597:final game of the
532:(December 7), the
480:ra'y-e-man kojāst?
465:
454:
414:Human Rights Watch
289:Government actions
212:
191:Al Jazeera English
88:Iranian Revolution
33:Green Wave of Iran
3539:
3538:
3492:Mahshahr massacre
3386:2005 Ahvaz unrest
3266:
3265:
3054:
3053:
2873:Parsa Enterprises
2804:on 31 August 2009
2618:978-0-415-85393-4
2398:. 6 December 2009
2353:www.aljazeera.com
2033:Los Angeles Times
1180:Mohsen Makhmalbaf
826:Aseman Daily News
769:on 20 August 2009
566:Interior Ministry
539:Seyed Ali Mousavi
468:Where is my vote?
449:Demonstration in
441:Where is my vote?
393:on the same day.
391:Shiraz University
355:Tehran University
163:Mohsen Makhmalbaf
45:Persian Awakening
3604:
3597:Reform movements
3592:Protests in Iran
3577:Islamism in Iran
3338:1978 Qom protest
3299:Protests in Iran
3293:
3286:
3279:
3270:
3269:
3197:University raids
3177:2011–12 protests
3172:2009–10 protests
3146:Stance of marjas
3081:
3074:
3067:
3058:
3057:
3041:Mohammad Khatami
2912:
2905:
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685:
680:
679:
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663:Mehdi Mahdavikia
635:Mehdi Mahdavikia
627:Mohammad Nosrati
477:
428:Isfahan Province
362:Ahmad-Reza Radan
342:Mohsen Aminzadeh
338:Mostafa Tajzadeh
330:Mohammad Khatami
326:Mohsen Mirdamadi
166:
155:green revolution
42:
30:
3612:
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3267:
3262:
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3212:Ashura protests
3155:
3129:
3091:
3085:
3055:
3050:
3046:Zahra Rahnavard
3019:
2980:Ashura protests
2921:
2916:
2860:Wayback Machine
2845:
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2733:on 20 July 2010
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2015:. 14 June 2009.
2007:
2006:
2002:
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1990:
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1784:on 18 June 2009
1770:
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1746:Huffington Post
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1563:on 16 June 2009
1556:NRC Handelsblad
1549:
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1518:
1508:
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1505:on 15 June 2009
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1118:. 15 June 2009.
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1090:Washington Post
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858:. 15 June 2009.
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1516:
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1379:. 13 June 2009
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1319:on 4 June 2011
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979:
968:. 17 June 2021
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939:. 23 June 2009
924:
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832:on 8 July 2009
811:
794:Iranian Primer
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741:. Saqi Books.
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659:Masoud Shojaei
655:Javad Nekounam
633:, and captain
623:Masoud Shojaei
611:Javad Nekounam
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557:Main article:
554:
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435:Hassan Rouhani
324:(IIPF) leader
295:
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283:Mehdi Karroubi
175:Main article:
172:
169:
165:, 19 June 2009
159:
112:Supreme Leader
99:Main article:
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69:Mehdi Karroubi
49:Persian Spring
29:جنبش سبز ایران
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