81:
442:(ECJ) declared that the generalised retention of certain types of personal data is unlawful, although little is known as to how this will affect the Investigatory Powers Act at this stage. As of 29 January 2017, many sources have since reported on the Investigatory Powers Act as if it is currently in action. Draft codes of practice laid out by the Home Office in February 2017 did not provide insight on the Government's communications data code of practise, as it was for the Court of Appeal to decide how to apply the December ruling of the ECJ on data retention in member states. It was then reported in late February 2017 that the aspects of the Bill forcing
897:, said: "We have therefore recommended that the new legislation contains an entirely new part dedicated to overarching privacy protections, which should form the backbone of the draft legislation around which the exceptional powers are then built. This will ensure that privacy is an integral part of the legislation rather than an add-on." The committee also recommended that Class bulk personal dataset warrants are removed from the legislation. Dominic Grieve later clarified the extent of these freedoms, "the principle of the right to privacy against the state is maintained except if there is a good and sufficient reason why that should not happen."
1010:
communications data only for the purposes of serious crime (defined as offences which are capable of being sentenced to imprisonment for a term of 12 months or more) and requires that authorities consult an independent
Investigatory Powers Commissioner before requesting data. The regulations also included a loophole where rapid approval can be made internally without independent approval but with a three-day expiry and with subsequent review by the independent body. Most debates about the regulations have been about the definition of "serious crime" with many arguing that the threshold should be at three years.
948:
35:
926:, a freedom of expression campaign group, criticized the Act as one of the most draconian pieces of surveillance legislation passed worldwide, warning that it "offers a template for authoritarian regimes and seriously undermining the rights of its citizens to privacy and freedom of expression". The Chinese government cited the Snooper's Charter (officially the
99:
interference or acquisition or retention; to establish the
Investigatory Powers Commissioner and other Judicial Commissioners and make provision about them and other oversight arrangements; to make further provision about investigatory powers and national security; to amend sections 3 and 5 of the Intelligence Services Act 1994; and for connected purposes.
346:, to review the operation and regulation of investigatory powers available to law enforcement and intelligence agencies, in particular the interception of communications and communications data, and to recommend change. This report was published in June 2015 and recommended a new law to clarify these powers.
411:
was commissioned to conduct a further review of the operational case for the bulk powers reserved under the Bill to the
British intelligence agencies: bulk interception, bulk collection of metadata, bulk equipment interference and the retention and use of bulk datasets. That review was conducted with
396:
The Bill provides a clear and transparent basis for powers already in use by the security and intelligence services, but there need to be further safeguards. Protection for MP communications from unjustified interference is vital, as it is for confidential communications between lawyers and clients,
994:
The powers we're fighting undermine everything that's core to our freedom and democracy — our right to protest, to express ourselves freely and to a fair trial, our free press, privacy and cybersecurity. But with so much public support behind us, we're hopeful we will be able to persuade our courts
933:
Recent
Wikileaks articles suggest that phone and digital device tracking both direct and indirect (e.g. FM radio blipping via Android exploit) also mentioned in Register posts by "Anonymous Coward" to covertly follow subjects have been used in the past but for operational reasons it is not clear if
365:
came into effect in
November 2015, before parliamentary scrutiny began. The Joint Committee published its pre-legislative scrutiny report in March 2016. The Government accepted the vast majority of its 198 recommendations, together with the recommendations of two other parliamentary committees that
98:
An Act to make provision about the interception of communications, equipment interference and the acquisition and retention of communications data, bulk personal datasets and other information; to make provision about the treatment of material held as a result of such interception, equipment
1009:
ruled that the
Investigatory Powers Act violates EU law. The government had until 1 November 2018 to amend the legislation. On 31 October 2018 The Data Retention and Acquisition Regulations 2018 came into force to address this ruling. These regulations increased the threshold for accessing
575:
for five years. King commented "The problem, at its heart, is that there’s a conflict as to whether my previous work and views are a positive or negative thing. They are both the reason I was hired and the reason my clearance was refused by the Home Office vetting team."
885:
and based on suspicion and argue that the powers are so sweeping, and the bill's language so general, that not just the security services but also government bodies will be able to analyse the records of millions of people even if they are not under suspicion.
904:, argues that public fear of the bill is not justified, writing that there are benefits to formally codifying in law what state security services can and cannot do and that "While it may technically be possible under the bill to impugn individual freedom,
560:, a Court of Appeal judge, was appointed as first Commissioner for a three-year term. His office (IPCO) will have fifteen senior judges as judicial commissioners, a technical advisory panel of scientific experts, and around 50 staff. The Act gives the
934:
they are still used. The original poster has since decided to cooperate with the authorities and not comment further publicly on this subject, though the technique was independently rediscovered before the article in question was released.
522:
permitted the police and intelligence agencies to carry out targeted equipment interference, that is, hacking into computers or devices to access their data, and bulk equipment interference for national security matters related to foreign
1475:
526:
placed a legal obligation on CSPs to assist with targeted interception of data, and communications and equipment interference in relation to an investigation; foreign companies are not required to engage in bulk collection of data or
555:
The Act created the role of
Investigatory Powers Commissioner to provide independent oversight of the use of investigatory powers by intelligence agencies, police forces and other public authorities. In March 2017 Lord Justice Sir
1286:
504:
established a requirement for a judge serving on the IPC to review warrants for accessing the content of communications and equipment interference authorised by a
Secretary of State before they come into
310:
on 29 November 2016. Its different parts came into force on various dates from 30 December 2016. The Act comprehensively sets out and in limited respects expands the electronic surveillance powers of the
519:
allowed police, intelligence officers and other government department managers (listed below) to see the
Internet connection records, as part of a targeted and filtered investigation, without a warrant;
319:
1080:
849:
Does the UK really want the dubious honor of introducing powers deemed too intrusive by all other major democracies, joining the likes of China and Russia in collecting everyone's browsing habits?
571:
blocked the appointment of Eric King as head of investigations at IPCO, citing national security grounds. King had previously been director of the Don't Spy On Us coalition, and deputy director of
1489:
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and for journalists’ sources, the Bill must provide tougher safeguards to ensure that the
Government cannot abuse its powers to undermine Parliament’s ability to hold the Government to account.
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Privacy campaigners say the bill clearly lays out the mass surveillance powers that would be at the disposal of the security services, and want it amended so that the surveillance is
498:
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561:
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provided local government with some investigatory powers, for example to investigate someone fraudulently claiming benefits, but not access to Internet connection records;
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maintained an existing requirement on CSPs in the UK to have the ability to remove encryption applied by the CSP; foreign companies are not required to remove encryption;
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235:
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British internet users' "Internet connection records" – which websites were visited but not the particular pages and not the full browsing history – for one year;
2165:
2065:
800:
712:
1436:
369:
In March 2016 the House of Commons passed the Investigatory Powers Bill on its second reading by 281 votes to 15, moving the bill to the committee stage. The
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990:, a human rights organisation, raised £50,000 via crowd funding towards legal actions against the bill. Silkie Carlo, policy officer at Liberty, said:
920:
in law and allows the state to lie about the origins of evidence in court, treating it as infallible, and prohibit the defendant from questioning it.
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had scrutinised the draft Bill, and the revised bill was introduced in the House of Commons, where it was subject to debate by Members of Parliament.
890:
482:
17:
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the help of a small, security-cleared expert team, and together with 60 case studies, was published in August 2016. Like the 2014-15 reports of the
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2015:
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with the needs of the police and intelligence agencies to gain targeted access to information as part of their investigations. Although the
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on a statutory footing for the first time as well as safeguards for other sensitive professions such as journalists, lawyers and doctors;
490:
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created an Investigatory Powers Commission (IPC) to oversee the use of all investigatory powers, alongside the oversight provided by the
413:
205:
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The National Council for Civil Liberties (Liberty), R (On the Application Of) v Secretary of State for the Home Department & Anor
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In November 2016, a petition demanding the law be repealed gained 100,000 signatures. In December 2016, pornographic media site
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The Draft Investigatory Powers Bill was published in November 2015, with a large number of accompanying documents, and a
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85:
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At the committee stage constitutional, technology, and human rights issues were examined. The Labour Chair of the
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509:
443:
385:
240:
132:
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created a new criminal offence for a CSP or someone who works for a CSP to reveal that data has been requested.
1403:
489:. The IPC consists of a number of serving or former senior judges. It combined and replaced the powers of the
2336:
486:
350:
312:
2948:
1536:
450:" due to the ECJ ruling on the "general and indiscriminate" retention of communications data being illegal.
3056:
2976:
2956:
1377:
417:
215:
138:
2851:"Data Retention and Acquisition Regulations 2018 - Motion to Approve: 30 Oct 2018: House of Lords debates"
2439:"May wrong to say surveillance bill creates judicial authorisation for interception, says Liberty – live"
770:
742:
659:
606:
335:
230:
272:
1333:
1081:"UK spying laws: Government introduces law requiring WhatsApp and iMessage to break their own security"
732:
727:
634:
339:
225:
3036:
2876:
2337:"Investigatory Powers Bill — Schedule 4 — Relevant public authorities and designated senior officers"
1031:
855:
439:
1018:
It was revealed in 2021 that two British ISPs were collaborating on a government initiative for the
893:
recommended that the bill should focus on the right to privacy. Committee chairman, Conservative MP
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374:
279:
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Investigatory Powers Act goes into force, putting UK citizens under intense new spying regime
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750:
689:
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611:
572:
93:
1721:
K; Braamskamp, L. Gates-Christine; Gilchrist, rew W.; Millward, James G. (23 January 2017).
960:
3086:
2359:"Snooper's Charter is set to become law: how the Investigatory Powers Bill will affect you"
1420:
MPs vote in favour of Investigatory Powers Bill after Labour, SNP abstain [Updated]
431:
approved the final version of the Investigatory Powers Bill, leaving only the formality of
307:
8:
760:
475:
1287:"Oral evidence: Draft Investigatory Powers Bill: Technology Issues HC573, Q.26 and Q.76"
965:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
862:
The draft Bill generated significant public debate about balancing intrusive powers and
286:
48:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
2942:
2797:"The Snoopers' Charter: Everything you need to know about the Investigatory Powers Act"
210:
2732:"Porn website xHamster sends UK visitors to online petition against Snoopers' Charter"
315:
and police. It also claims to improve the safeguards on the exercise of those powers.
2884:
2782:
2658:
2384:"The list of organisations that will be allowed to view your entire internet history"
1619:
1568:
1142:
863:
639:
601:
List of authorities allowed to access Internet connection records without a warrant:
471:
421:
370:
184:
154:
1560:
1490:"Investigatory Powers Bill: direction of travel welcome, but improvements proposed"
1039:, a draft bill produced for consultation in 2012 but never introduced to Parliament
564:
to appoint the Investigatory Powers Commissioner and other Judicial Commissioners.
162:
2588:
1806:
361:
was established to scrutinise the draft bill. Some parts of the bill referring to
2512:"The Guardian view on the draft investigatory powers bill: snooper's charter 3.0"
619:
534:
1881:"Surveillance Q&A: what web data is affected – and how to foil the snoopers"
1437:'Snooper's charter': Theresa May faces calls to improve bill to protect privacy
894:
584:
557:
428:
420:
in the US, it is a significant information source for the utility of so-called
389:
358:
126:
2241:"Who is the Investigatory Powers Commissioner and what does the role involve?"
1589:"Investigatory Powers Act imminent as peers clear path for UK super-snoop law"
3066:
3015:
2888:
1623:
1540:
1454:"Investigatory Powers Bill constitutional implications assessed by Committee"
1214:"A Question of Trust - Report of the Investigatory Powers Review (June 2015)"
590:
2487:"Investigatory Powers Bill – European Convention on Human Rights Memorandum"
1723:"Investigatory Powers Act 2016: How to Prepare For A Digital Age | Lexology"
596:
1109:
912:
709:
NHS trusts and foundation trusts in England that provide ambulance services
432:
174:
2647:"The UK's Investigatory Powers Act allows the State to tell lies in court"
1762:"UK forced to derail Snoopers' Charter blanket data slurp after EU ruling"
801:
Health & Social Care Business Services Organisation (Northern Ireland)
1788:
1537:
https://pclob.gov/library/215-Report_on_the_Telephone_Records_Program.pdf
1238:
1059:
867:
679:
568:
120:
874:, the content of the draft Bill has raised concerns about the impact on
447:
2706:"Petition to repeal new surveillance powers reaches 100,000 signatures"
1124:"'Snooper's charter' bill becomes law, extending UK state surveillance"
923:
747:
Fire and rescue authorities under the Fire and Rescue Services Act 2004
1670:"You just became subject to some of the most intense spying laws ever"
543:
created a new criminal offence for unlawfully accessing internet data;
2609:
Third Reading of the Investigatory Powers Bill, Hansard, 6 June 2016.
905:
2758:"Liberty launches legal challenge against Investigatory Powers Act"
2267:"Investigatory Powers Commissioner appointed: Lord Justice Fulford"
1564:
1046:
Gesetz zur Beschränkung des Brief-, Post- und Fernmeldegeheimnisses
983:
158:
1188:"UK has six months to rewrite snooper's charter, high court rules"
995:
to restrain the more authoritarian tendencies of this Government.
875:
2467:. Independent Reviewer of Terrorism Legislation. 7 November 2015
930:) when defending its own intrusive anti-terrorism legislation.
791:
Northern Ireland Ambulance Service Health and Social Care Trust
616:
Police forces maintained under section 2 of the Police Act 1996
2877:"The UK is secretly testing a controversial web snooping tool"
2414:"'Snooper's Charter' Would Make Brits Most Spied-Upon People"
805:
2589:"Internet monitoring bill 'must do more to protect privacy'"
1833:"UK unveils powers to spy on web use, raising privacy fears"
1720:
2218:
1744:"Investigatory Powers Act 2016: codes of practice - GOV.UK"
1645:"Challenges of complying with the Investigatory Powers Act"
1239:"Surveillance powers: New law needed, says terror watchdog"
1106:'Extreme surveillance' becomes UK law with barely a whimper
2911:"Two UK Broadband ISPs Trial New Internet Snooping System"
2679:"Global press freedom plunges to worst level this century"
1612:"EU's highest court delivers blow to UK snooper's charter"
1556:
Bulk Collection of Signals Intelligence: Technical Options
407:
At this stage, at the insistence of the Labour Party, the
654:
597:
Authorities allowed to access Internet connection records
236:
Terrorism Prevention and Investigation Measures Act 2011
2538:"Investigatory Powers Bill - Privacy Impact Assessment"
2407:
2405:
462:
introduced new powers, and restated existing ones, for
2312:"Home Office under fire for blocking new spy watchdog"
1807:"Details of UK website visits 'to be stored for year'"
1478:. Science and Technology Committee (House of Commons).
1476:"Investigatory Powers Bill: technology issues inquiry"
986:
redirected UK traffic to the petition. In March 2017,
836:
Welsh Ambulance Services National Health Service Trust
2826:"The Data Retention and Acquisition Regulations 2018"
1122:
editor, Alan Travis Home affairs (29 November 2016).
2963:(Commons Briefing papers CBP-7371). 19 November 2015
2402:
1181:
1179:
550:
1378:"Investigatory Powers Bill: Committee Stage Report"
2983:(Commons Briefing papers CBP-7518). 11 March 2016
2303:
1435:Rowena Mason, Anushka Asthana & Alan Travis,
1176:
891:Intelligence and Security Committee of Parliament
483:Intelligence and Security Committee of Parliament
326:, the person whom originally proposed the Act.
3013:
2997:"Have your say on the Investigatory Powers Bill"
2618:
1697:"Nothing to hide, plenty to fear from prying PM"
1314:. Parliament of the United Kingdom. 2 March 2016
1312:"Government publishes Investigatory Powers Bill"
246:Data Retention and Investigatory Powers Act 2014
2621:"Is the Snooper's Charter as Bad as You Think?"
1384:(Commons Briefing papers CBP-7578). 2 June 2016
900:Gavin E. L. Hall, a doctoral researcher at the
2289:"Investigatory Powers Act 2016 section 227(1)"
1553:Council, National Research (15 January 2015).
1510:
1334:"Investigatory Powers Bill 2015-16 to 2016-17"
1211:
1173:Published by The Independent, 31 December 2016
796:Northern Ireland Fire and Rescue Service Board
579:Investigatory Powers Commissioners have been:
2166:"Factsheet – Targeted Equipment Interference"
2066:"Factsheet – Investigatory Powers Commission"
1356:"Investigatory Powers Bill: Remaining Stages"
937:
816:Police Investigations and Review Commissioner
733:Department for the Economy (Northern Ireland)
728:Department for Communities (Northern Ireland)
409:Independent Reviewer of Terrorism Legislation
344:Independent Reviewer of Terrorism Legislation
2259:
2233:
2221:. Investigatory Powers Commissioner's Office
2219:"Investigatory Powers Commissioner's Office"
2058:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1112:, 19 November 2016, accessed on the same day
1043:
435:to be completed before the Bill became law.
2663:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1863:"Investigatory powers bill: the key points"
1513:"Report of Bulk Powers Review, August 2016"
491:Interception of Communications Commissioner
206:Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000
3027:Government databases in the United Kingdom
1541:https://pclob.gov/library/702-Report-2.pdf
1404:U.K. Parliament Debates 'Snoopers' Charter
889:In January 2016 a report published by the
870:said the Bill will be compatible with the
478:, and bulk interception of communications;
2902:
2411:
2191:"Factsheet – Bulk Equipment Interference"
2116:"Factsheet – Internet Connection Records"
1768:
1020:collection of Internet Connection Records
826:Scottish Criminal Cases Review Commission
320:Investigatory Powers (Amendment) Act 2024
2729:
2309:
776:Independent Police Complaints Commission
738:Department of Justice (Northern Ireland)
453:
329:
3042:Mass surveillance in the United Kingdom
2908:
2874:
2755:
2703:
2412:Schweizer, Kristen (11 February 2016).
2213:
2211:
1694:
1609:
1552:
1078:
1055:Mass surveillance in the United Kingdom
1000:Silkie Carlo, policy officer at Liberty
251:Counter-Terrorism and Security Act 2015
14:
3082:United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 2016
3014:
2645:at 09:00, Gareth Corfield 6 Dec 2016.
1932:"Factsheet – Bulk Communications Data"
1185:
1121:
766:Gangmasters and Labour Abuse Authority
470:to carry out targeted interception of
2794:
811:Police Ombudsman for Northern Ireland
280:Text of statute as originally enacted
273:History of passage through Parliament
2644:
2561:
2208:
1999:"Factsheet – Bulk Personal Datasets"
1166:
1164:
941:
28:
2704:Titcomb, James (30 November 2016).
2555:
2356:
1907:"Factsheet – Targeted Interception"
872:European Convention on Human Rights
377:abstained from the vote, while the
24:
2730:McGoogan, Cara (9 December 2016).
2619:Gavin E. L. Hall (10 March 2016).
2376:
2350:
2329:
2310:Townsend, Mark (19 January 2019).
1789:"UK surveillance powers explained"
1695:Bentley, Oscar (29 January 2017).
1610:Bowcott, Owen (21 December 2016).
1517:David Anderson QC Lawyer London UK
1218:David Anderson QC Lawyer London UK
625:Police Service of Northern Ireland
495:Intelligence Services Commissioner
287:Revised text of statute as amended
25:
3098:
2957:"Draft Investigatory Powers Bill"
2949:"Draft Investigatory Powers Bill"
2932:
2564:"Surveillance: Taking liberties?"
1982:"Factsheet – Communications Data"
1839:. 5 November 2015. Archived from
1511:David Anderson (16 August 2016).
1161:
1013:
718:Competition and Markets Authority
551:Investigatory Powers Commissioner
18:Investigatory Powers Commissioner
1079:Griffin, Andrew (1 March 2016).
946:
842:
821:Scottish Ambulance Service Board
723:Criminal Cases Review Commission
705:Department for Work and Pensions
444:communications service providers
304:Parliament of the United Kingdom
86:Parliament of the United Kingdom
79:
33:
3077:Data laws of the United Kingdom
2951:. Home Office. 4 November 2015.
2939:Full text of the act as enacted
2909:Jackson, Mark (11 March 2021).
2875:Burgess, Matt (11 March 2021).
2868:
2843:
2818:
2788:
2772:
2756:Hopping, Clare (2 March 2017).
2749:
2723:
2697:
2671:
2638:
2612:
2603:
2581:
2562:Viña, Gonzalo (8 August 2016).
2530:
2504:
2479:
2457:
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2281:
2183:
2158:
2133:
2108:
2083:
2033:
1974:
1957:"Factsheet – Bulk Interception"
1949:
1924:
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1855:
1825:
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1637:
1603:
1581:
1546:
1530:
1504:
1482:
1468:
1446:
1429:
1412:
1408:The Intercept (March 15, 2016).
1396:
1370:
1348:
1326:
1304:
1212:David Anderson (11 June 2015).
786:NHS Business Services Authority
510:communication service providers
499:Chief Surveillance Commissioner
386:Joint Committee on Human Rights
241:Health and Social Care Act 2012
2999:. UK Parliament. 16 March 2016
2795:Carey, Scott (27 April 2018).
2543:. Home Office. 4 November 2015
2196:. Home Office. 4 November 2015
2171:. Home Office. 4 November 2015
2146:. Home Office. 4 November 2015
2121:. Home Office. 4 November 2015
2096:. Home Office. 4 November 2015
2071:. Home Office. 4 November 2015
2046:. Home Office. 4 November 2015
2021:. Home Office. 4 November 2015
2016:"Factsheet – Bill Definitions"
2004:. Home Office. 4 November 2015
1987:. Home Office. 4 November 2015
1962:. Home Office. 4 November 2015
1937:. Home Office. 4 November 2015
1912:. Home Office. 4 November 2015
1279:
1257:
1231:
1205:
1115:
1099:
1072:
1037:Draft Communications Data Bill
928:Draft Communications Data Bill
713:NHS National Services Scotland
583:March 2017 – October 2019 Sir
13:
1:
2465:"Will Europe call the shots?"
1456:. UK Parliament. 11 July 2016
1186:Cobain, Ian (27 April 2018).
1065:
487:Investigatory Powers Tribunal
464:British intelligence agencies
313:British intelligence agencies
296:Investigatory Powers Act 2016
69:Investigatory Powers Act 2016
3062:Home Office (United Kingdom)
2141:"Factsheet – Request filter"
1492:. UK Parliament. 2 June 2016
1358:. UK Parliament. 7 June 2016
418:National Academy of Sciences
216:Wireless Telegraphy Act 2006
7:
2977:"Investigatory Powers Bill"
2591:. BBC News. 9 February 2016
2091:"Factsheet – Authorisation"
1087:. Independent Print Limited
1025:
854:—Anne Jellema, head of the
771:Health and Safety Executive
743:Financial Conduct Authority
660:Secret Intelligence Service
607:Metropolitan Police Service
589:October 2019 – present Sir
318:The Act was amended by the
266:Status: Current legislation
231:Policing and Crime Act 2009
10:
3103:
3047:National security policies
3032:Law enforcement techniques
2346:. Parliament. p. 212.
938:Legal challenge and ruling
635:Ministry of Defence Police
620:Police Service of Scotland
226:Counter-Terrorism Act 2008
65:United Kingdom legislation
1032:Intelligence Act (France)
955:This section needs to be
916:argued the Act enshrines
856:World Wide Web Foundation
446:to retain data had been "
440:European Court of Justice
438:On 21 December 2016, the
285:
278:
271:
264:
198:
193:
183:
173:
168:
148:
113:
103:
92:
78:
73:
42:This article needs to be
3072:2015 in British politics
2981:House of Commons Library
2961:House of Commons Library
1382:House of Commons Library
902:University of Birmingham
806:Office of Communications
781:Information Commissioner
700:Department for Transport
695:HM Revenue & Customs
630:British Transport Police
562:prime minister the power
427:On 16 November 2016 the
324:Lord Anderson of Ipswich
322:, following a review by
150:Territorial extent
2783:[2018] EWHC 975
2041:"Factsheet – Oversight"
959:. The reason given is:
756:Food Standards Scotland
375:Scottish National Party
298:(c. 25) (nicknamed the
3052:Surveillance databases
2830:www.legislation.gov.uk
2269:. gov.uk. 3 March 2017
1044:
1003:
851:
650:Royal Air Force Police
405:
363:bulk personal datasets
256:Serious Crime Act 2015
221:Serious Crime Act 2007
2651:www.theregister.co.uk
1265:"Draft Bills 2015-16"
1007:High Court of Justice
992:
918:parallel construction
908:has little to fear."
847:
751:Food Standards Agency
690:National Crime Agency
645:Royal Military Police
612:City of London Police
573:Privacy International
474:, bulk collection of
454:Provisions of the Act
394:
330:Drafting and scrutiny
2785: (27 April 2018)
831:Serious Fraud Office
675:Department of Health
567:In January 2019 the
3057:2015 in British law
1764:. 24 February 2017.
1750:. 23 February 2017.
761:Gambling Commission
685:Ministry of Justice
670:Ministry of Defence
476:communications data
302:) is an Act of the
70:
2943:legislation.gov.uk
2685:. 30 November 2017
2390:. 24 November 2016
1676:. 31 December 2016
1153:has generic name (
1005:In April 2018 the
381:voted against it.
336:British government
211:Terrorism Act 2006
68:
2518:. 2 November 2015
2445:. 4 November 2015
2344:www.parliament.uk
1887:. 4 November 2015
1869:. 4 November 2015
1813:. 4 November 2015
1795:. 5 November 2015
980:
979:
961:EWHC 2057 (Admin)
864:mass surveillance
640:Royal Navy Police
422:mass surveillance
379:Liberal Democrats
300:Snoopers' Charter
292:
291:
194:Other legislation
155:England and Wales
141:
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74:Act of Parliament
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