202:
regions with conflict. As such, ensuring immediate and future care quality is paramount. To this point, INGOs must prepare regions for when they leave by providing the tools and guidance necessary to support their citizens. More research must be done on the impacts of INGO support from the perspective of the recipient country or region, as much of currently published research has been completed from the lens of a
Westernized donor or INGO.
142:(UIA) were the first to suggest that a "super-national" status be given to international organizations with diplomatic intentions without governmental influence. The International Law Association (ILA) modified this, adding that this "super-national" organizational status may be adopted for associations formed for no profit.
154:
awareness, prevention and treatment, clean water, and malaria prevention—and education-related projects such as schools for girls and providing books—help to provide the social services that the country's government does not provide. International non-governmental organizations are some of the first
188:
Given they are usually supported by donations, a popular concern about INGOs is where the money goes and whether it is spent efficiently. High administrative costs can be an indication of inefficiency, enrichment of employees at the expense of beneficiaries, embezzlement or misdirection of funds to
201:
Moreover, multiple organizations often exist to solve the same problem. Rather than collaborating to address a given situation, organizations frequently interact as competitors, which creates bottlenecks of treatment and supplies. Conflicts typically require organizations to quickly provide aid to
205:
Another criticism is that many of the people benefiting from INGOs have no way to influence those activities and hold the organizations accountable. (for example by threatening to withhold donations). Some charitable organizations solicit the participation of local communities to avoid problems
134:
in the 1980s as a way of allowing more time and resources to be spent on national projects. Often, a humanitarian aid organization would clash with a government's approach to the unfolding domestic conflict. In such cases, INGOs have sought out autonomy to extend help regardless of political or
658:
197:
attempt to provide transparency as to how much goes to administrative costs, what activities money is spent on, whether more donations would be helpful, and how cost-effective the activities are compared to other charities or potential activities.
65:. NGOs are typically not-for-profit, but receive funding from companies or membership fees. Many large INGOs have components of operational projects and advocacy initiatives working together within individual countries.
1117:
1193:
Collier, Paul 2007. "Aid to the Rescue?", in The Bottom
Billion: Why the Poorest Countries are Failing and What Can Be Done About It, pp. 99–123. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
84:, which are formed by treaties among sovereign states. In contrast, INGOs are defined as "any internationally operating organization which is not established by inter-governmental agreement".
668:
189:
corrupt local officials or dictatorship. Numerous attempts have been made to remedy the accountability of INGOs surrounding where and for what their money is being used. Websites like
130:
with the realization that no solitary government could single-handedly solve global crises. Governments began offering greater support to private, international organizations and
174:. As of 2007, aid (partly contributed to by INGOs) over the past thirty years is estimated to have increased the annual growth rate of the bottom billion by one percent.
347:
17:
913:
Collier, Paul. 2007. The Bottom
Billion: Why the Poorest Countries are Failing and What Can Be Done About It. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. (p.100).
381:
91:, or as an adjunct to existing international organizations, such as the Catholic or Lutheran churches. A surge in INGOs for economic development occurred during
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criticized the impact of INGOs on government decision-making, claiming they are slowing integration of developing countries into the global economy.
118:
Except for incorporation under national laws, no current formal legal status exists for INGOs, which can lead to complications in international law.
424:
240:
606:
557:
1150:"Do international non-governmental organizations inhibit globalization? The case of capital account liberalization in developing countries"
1209:
Singer, Peter 2009. "How Can You Tell Which
Charities Do It Best?", in The Life You Can Save, pp. 82–125. New York: Random House.
525:
453:
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responders to natural disasters, like hurricanes and floods, or crises that need emergency relief. Other organizations, like the
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The main focus of INGOs is to provide relief and developmental aid to developing countries. Health-related projects such as
500:
139:
505:
814:
The Legal Status of
International Non-Governmental Organizations: Analysis of Past and Present Initiatives (1912-2012)
901:
821:
781:
745:
Appel, Benjamin J. (January 2018). "Intergovernmental
Organizations and Democratic Victory in International Crises".
729:
81:
972:
Collingwood, Vivien; Logister, Louis (April 2005). "State of the Art: Addressing the INGO 'Legitimacy
Deficit'".
515:
414:
285:
659:
European
Convention on the Recognition of the Legal Personality of International Non-Governmental Organizations
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73:
1190:
Atack Iain 1998. "Four
Criteria of Development NGO Legitimacy", in World Development 27(5), pp. 855–864.
371:
156:
131:
39:
159:, are working to make judicial systems more effective and legitimate. Still others, such as those promoting
115:. The number of INGOs grew from 6,000 in 1990 to 26,000 in 1999, and a 2013 report estimated about 40,000.
1197:
Haugen, Gary; Boutros, Victor (2010). "And
Justice for All: Enforcing Human Rights for the World's Poor".
601:
846:"Global Public-Private Health Partnerships: lessons learned from ten years of experience and evaluation"
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Ebrahim, A.: 2003, 'Accountability in Practice: Mechanisms for NGOs', World Development 31(5), 813-829.
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Crack, Angela M. (2013-04-01). "INGO Accountability Deficits: The Imperatives for Further Reform".
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NGOs, in general, account for over 15% of total international development aid, which is linked to
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38:) is an organization which is independent of government involvement and extends the concept of a
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An INGO may be founded by private philanthropy, such as the Carnegie, Rockefeller, Gates and
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8:
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852:. Live.Learn.Laugh. A Unique Global Public-Private Partnership to Improve Oral Health.
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http://library.duke.edu/research/subject/guides/ngo_guide/igo_ngo_coop/ngo_wb.html
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and education, directly impact citizens and communities by developing skills and
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1036:"Moral Entanglement and the Ethics of Closing Humanitarian Medical Aid Projects"
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Pinheiro, Diogo; Chwieroth, Jeffrey M.; Hicks, Alexander (2014-05-21).
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International Non-Governmental Organisations Accountability Charter
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due to lack of buy-in or lack of knowledge about local conditions.
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NGOs are independent of governments and can be seen as two types:
1116:
Jammihal, Ravindra; Ralte, Harry; Roy, Nobhojit (February 2009).
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while encouraging citizen empowerment and community involvement.
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International non-governmental organizations emerged alongside
49:, which aim to influence governments with a specific goal, and
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International Federation of Catholic Parochial Youth Movements
399:
International Federation of Catholic Parochial Youth Movements
1077:"The trouble with inequalities in global health partnerships"
295:
255:
100:
704:
https://guides.library.duke.edu/c.php?g=289595&p=1930435
95:, some of which would later become large organizations like
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International Federation of Freight Forwarders Associations
245:
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The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria
53:, which provide services. Examples of NGO mandates are
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521:International Commission against the Death Penalty
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425:World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts
607:World Federation of United Nations Associations
558:International Union for Conservation of Nature
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224:
1223:International nongovernmental organizations
1154:European Journal of International Relations
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219:European Journal of International Relations
32:international non-governmental organization
1034:Hunt, Matthew; Miao, Jingru (April 2017).
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18:International nongovernmental organisation
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929:Bulletin of the World Health Organization
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772:Ahmed, Shamima; Potter, David M. (2006).
526:International Federation for Human Rights
454:European Association of History Educators
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844:Buse, Kent; Tanaka, Sonja (2011-08-01).
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431:World Organization of the Scout Movement
326:Eastern Caribbean-Southeast Asia Chamber
900:"World Bank and NGOs." October 3, 2007.
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354:International Air Transport Association
76:(IGOs) and includes groups such as the
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553:International POPs Elimination Network
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27:Form of non-governmental organization
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501:Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative
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230:Multiple interdisciplinary projects
140:Union of International Associations
24:
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776:. Bloomfield, CT: Kumarian Press.
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506:Friends of Peoples Close to Nature
25:
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1122:Prehospital and Disaster Medicine
1040:Prehospital and Disaster Medicine
82:International Labour Organization
42:(NGO) to an international scope.
986:10.1111/j.1478-9299.2005.00022.x
862:10.1111/j.1875-595X.2011.00034.x
720:Dictionary of trade policy terms
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992:
923:Lorenz, Nicolaus (2007-07-01).
816:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
812:Ben-Ari, Rephael Harel (2013).
516:International Christian Concern
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415:Save the Children International
286:International Olympic Committee
74:intergovernmental organizations
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774:NGOs in international politics
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724:. Cambridge University Press.
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569:Water, sanitation, and hygiene
481:International Rescue Committee
13:
1:
1075:Fourie, Carina (2018-05-15).
904:(accessed November 10, 2010).
706:(accessed February 19, 2020).
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157:International Justice Mission
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40:non-governmental organization
1081:Medicine Anthropology Theory
1013:10.1080/14747731.2013.786253
850:International Dental Journal
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716:Goode, Walter, ed. (2007).
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602:Sister Cities International
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70:international organizations
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563:World Wide Fund for Nature
437:World Vision International
410:Reggio Children Foundation
316:World Vision International
225:Notable international NGOs
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55:environmental preservation
1053:10.1017/S1049023X17001376
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1166:10.1177/1354066114523656
974:Political Studies Review
531:Protection International
394:Compassion International
208:intercultural competence
105:Catholic Relief Services
747:The Journal of Politics
702:IGO-NGO Cooperation." .
664:Foundation (non-profit)
511:Humanists International
491:Human Rights Foundation
420:SOS Children's Villages
372:Doctors Without Borders
306:SOS Children's Villages
212:unintended consequences
97:SOS Children's Villages
59:human rights promotions
674:Nonprofit organization
536:Survival International
469:OpenmindProjects- INGO
276:Danish Refugee Council
941:10.2471/BLT.06.033597
625:Lutheran World Relief
496:Amnesty International
182:Further information:
113:Lutheran World Relief
1094:10.17157/mat.5.2.525
631:Space and technology
184:Aid § Criticism
172:economic development
135:ethnic affiliation.
68:The technical term "
63:advancement of women
684:World Polity Theory
464:The Library Project
367:Amref Health Africa
217:In March 2015, the
486:Human Rights Watch
459:Junior Achievement
388:Children and youth
321:Plan International
311:Tzu Chi Foundation
271:Cuso International
109:Care International
856:(Suppl 2): 2–10.
301:Save the Children
191:Charity Navigator
16:(Redirected from
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206:related to
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679:Think tank
548:Greenpeace
178:Criticisms
146:Activities
1174:1354-0661
1103:2405-691X
1062:1049-023X
1021:1474-7731
870:0020-6539
792:732955747
580:Water.org
448:Education
342:Economics
337:ResearchX
236:ActionAid
1217:Category
959:17768507
888:21770935
653:See also
642:RIPE NCC
621:(FIMCAP)
613:Religion
575:WaterAid
427:(WAGGGS)
401:(FIMCAP)
332:Research
195:GiveWell
152:HIV/AIDS
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350:(FIATA)
122:History
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251:AIESEC
1128:(S1).
1087:(2).
296:Oxfam
256:CAFOD
241:ACTED
101:Oxfam
1170:ISSN
1099:ISSN
1058:ISSN
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955:PMID
884:PMID
866:ISSN
818:ISBN
788:OCLC
778:ISBN
726:ISBN
405:Plan
377:GAVI
261:CARE
246:ADRA
193:and
132:NGOs
111:and
36:INGO
1162:doi
1089:doi
1048:doi
1009:doi
982:doi
945:PMC
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