20:
155:
210:. The influence of International Typographic Style on de Harak's own works can be seen in his many book jacket designs for McGraw-Hill publishers in the 1960s. Each jacket shows the book title and author, often aligned with a grid—flush left, ragged-right. One striking image covers most of the jacket, elucidating the theme of the particular book. International Typographic Style was embraced by corporations and institutions in America from the 1960s on, for almost two decades. One institution particularly devoted to the style was
147:
3944:
199:, "sought an absolute and universal form of graphic expression through objective and impersonal presentation, communicating to the audience without the interference of the designer's subjective feelings or propagandist techniques of persuasion." Many of MĂĽller-Brockmann's feature large photographs as objective symbols meant to convey his ideas in particularly clear and powerful ways.
195:, which was edited by several influential designers who played major roles in the development of International Typographic Style. The format of the journal represented many of the important elements of the style—visually demonstrating the content—and was published internationally, thus spreading the movement beyond Switzerland's borders. One of the editors,
172:
itself was a reaction to previous artistic processes focused on "beauty for the sake of beauty" or "the creation of beauty as a purpose in and of itself". Keller's work uses simple geometric forms, vibrant colors and evocative imagery to further elucidate the meaning behind each design. Other early pioneers include Théo
Ballmer and
51:(Germany). The International Typographic Style has had profound influence on graphic design as a part of the modernist movement, impacting many design-related fields including architecture and art. It emphasizes simplicity, clarity, readability, and objectivity. Hallmarks of the style are asymmetric layouts, use of a
318:
Objective photography is another design element meant to present information clearly, and without any of the persuading influences of propaganda or commercial advertising. Such a strong focus on order and clarity is drawn from early pioneers of the movement believing that design is a "socially useful
229:
was a Dutch artistic movement that saw prominence in the period between 1917 and 1931. Referred to as neoplasticism, this artistic strategy sought to reflect a new
Utopian ideal of spiritual harmony and order. It was a form of pure abstraction through reduction to the essentials of form and colour,
171:
and began developing a graphic design and typography course. He did not teach a specific style to his students, rather he taught a philosophy of style that dictated "the solution to the design problem should emerge from its content." This idea of the solution to the design emerging from the problem
162:
The style emerged from a desire to represent information objectively, free from the influence of associated meaning. The
International Typographic Style evolved as a modernist graphic movement that sought to convey messages clearly and in a universally straightforward manner. Two major Swiss design
115:
are different phenomena. Traditionally, the term "International
Typographic Style" is used as a name that defines the state of international graphics in the 1920s and 1930s. The concept of "Swiss style" is usually limited to the 1950s and 1960s and associated with universal graphic systems of this
298:
Each design done with
International Typographic Style in mind begins with a mathematical grid, because a grid is the "most legible and harmonious means for structuring information." Text is then applied, most often aligned flush left, ragged right. Fonts chosen for the text are sans serif, a type
289:
A good comparison is the structure that defines a math problem. One only uses specific equations for specific types of problems. One similarly only can work through these equations in specific ways. With the
International Typographic and other related philosophies, a design context is critical to
282:
The
Bauhaus mantra of 'form follows function' applies to design in the spirit of the International Typographic movement. The movement was structured by focusing on detail, precision, craft skill, systems of education and approach, technical training, high standards of print, and the innovative
202:
After World War II international trade began to increase and relations between countries grew steadily stronger. Typography and design were crucial to helping these relationships progress—clarity, objectivity, region-less glyphs, and symbols are essential to communication between international
222:
During the 1900s other design based movements were formulating, influencing and influenced by the
International Typographic movement. These movements emerged within the relationships between artistic fields including architecture, literature, graphic design, painting, sculpting etc.
263:
was an art/architectural philosophy that emerged from Russia in the 1920s. The style develops by assorted mechanical objects that are combined into abstract mobile structural forms. Hallmarks of the movement include geometric reduction, photo-montage and simplified palettes.
252:
was a German-based movement that emphasized purity of geometry, absence of ornamentation and the motto 'form follows function'. This was a school of thought that combined craftsmaking with the fine arts and was founded by
163:
schools are responsible for the early years of
International Typographic Style. A graphic design technique based on grid-work that began in the 19th century became inspiration for modifying the foundational course at the
840:
555:
524:
493:
388:
273:
All of these movements including the
International Typographic styles are defined by reductionist purity as a visually compelling strategy of conveying messages through geometric and color based hierarchies.
191:. The goal with Helvetica was to create a pure typeface that could be applied to longer texts and that was highly readable. The movement began to coalesce after a periodical publication began in 1959 titled
75:
as a primary design element in addition to its use in text, and it is for this that the style is named. The influences of this graphic movement can still be seen in design strategy and theory to this day.
134:
in architecture. This phenomenon, in turn, is attributed to the 1930s–1960s and is associated with the exhibition "Modern Architecture: An International Exhibition", which was held in 1932 at the
71:, ragged right text. The style is also associated with a preference for photography in place of illustrations or drawings. Many of the early International Typographic Style works featured
138:. The visual system of the International Style formed the basis of the general artistic doctrine in various fields of design and formed the basis of the International Typographic Style.
257:. The goal was to work towards the essence of the form follows function relationship to facilitate a style that could be applied to all design problems; the International Style.
319:
and important activity ... the designers define their roles not as artists but as objective conduits for spreading important information between components of society."
3786:
270:, which arose in 1913, is another Russian art movement similarly focused on the simplification and purity of geometric forms to speak to values of spirituality.
459:
2411:
1373:
283:
application of lettering. The theory revolves around critically approaching the development of a system specific to the design problem presented.
882:
299:
style believed to " the spirit of a more progressive age" by early designers in the movement and focus on delivering content over embellishment.
3288:
203:
partners. International Typographic Style found its niche in this communicative climate and expanded further beyond Switzerland, to America.
2740:
230:
employing vertical and horizontal layouts using only black and white and primary colors. Proponents of this movement included painters like
2774:
3281:
307:
name for Switzerland, has been described as synonymous with Swiss design; other characteristic fonts associated with the style include
39:. It expanded on and formalized the modernist typographic innovations of the 1920s that emerged in part out of art movements such as
545:
Hollis R. Swiss Graphic Design: The Origins and Growth of an International Style, 1920–1965. New Haven: Yale University Press: 2001.
514:
Hollis R. Swiss Graphic Design: The Origins and Growth of an International Style, 1920–1965. New Haven: Yale University Press: 2001.
483:
Hollis R. Swiss Graphic Design: The Origins and Growth of an International Style, 1920–1965. New Haven: Yale University Press: 2001.
400:
Hollis R. Swiss Graphic Design: The Origins and Growth of an International Style, 1920–1965. New Haven: Yale University Press: 2001.
675:
3563:
2098:
1532:
2501:
1583:
1299:
211:
286:
For example, a father of the style, Ernst Keller, argued that a design solution should always be respectful of its content.
1143:
1881:
1864:
1265:
875:
2850:
1210:
2918:
1769:
1238:
2997:
2992:
1837:
1328:
833:
818:
796:
781:
659:
634:
609:
584:
463:
435:
410:
1255:
135:
2003:
35:
that emerged during the 1930s – 1950s but continued to develop internationally. It is considered the basis of the
3423:
1187:
1103:
179:
The 1950s saw the distillation of International Typographic Style elements into sans-serif font families such as
710:
3176:
2725:
2584:
2348:
1368:
1204:
913:
868:
164:
3983:
2265:
2018:
19:
3647:
3019:
2860:
2688:
1493:
1405:
1378:
168:
3308:
3009:
1675:
95:
There are difficulties in defining the boundaries of the International Typographic Style. Sometimes, the
2962:
187:
and collaborator Edouard Hoffman to design the typeface Neue Haas Grotesk, which would be later renamed
3605:
3221:
3044:
2418:
2032:
2008:
1561:
1520:
1233:
1956:
536:
Hitchcock H-R.; Johnson P. The International Style (1932). New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1997.
2804:
2683:
2639:
2047:
1690:
1658:
1556:
1042:
737:
353:
196:
3568:
3551:
3206:
3049:
3034:
2845:
2715:
2589:
2381:
2336:
2297:
2238:
2209:
1609:
950:
860:
447:
2745:
2705:
3978:
3729:
3066:
2906:
2661:
2270:
2216:
1820:
1663:
1578:
1505:
1444:
2838:
2656:
2148:
116:
period. Despite controversy and discrepancies, these terms are sometimes used interchangeably.
3968:
3947:
3840:
3488:
3438:
3398:
3361:
3261:
2901:
2221:
2199:
2059:
1027:
111:
and Swiss design in the 1950s and 1960s. However, the International Typographic Style and the
3998:
3993:
3478:
3453:
3418:
3388:
3354:
3276:
3054:
3029:
2644:
2523:
2428:
987:
909:
239:
52:
1906:
3600:
3181:
2950:
2855:
2649:
2579:
2495:
2369:
2172:
1998:
1798:
1488:
1323:
1228:
1162:
1093:
1012:
1002:
992:
260:
112:
104:
90:
40:
36:
8:
3988:
3823:
3408:
3324:
3293:
3171:
3134:
2935:
2821:
2668:
2341:
2027:
2013:
1619:
1542:
1420:
1340:
1318:
154:
131:
125:
3902:
3146:
1680:
3973:
3865:
3473:
3413:
3156:
3078:
3014:
2828:
2789:
2632:
2533:
2460:
2287:
2074:
1849:
1723:
1653:
1515:
1510:
1287:
1052:
1017:
368:
192:
3923:
3104:
2784:
3593:
3546:
3516:
3376:
3246:
3161:
3151:
2816:
2799:
2673:
2292:
2255:
2226:
2179:
2042:
1988:
1978:
1968:
1859:
1537:
1449:
1439:
1426:
1415:
1078:
1007:
982:
938:
829:
814:
792:
777:
655:
630:
605:
580:
1830:
1250:
3929:
3875:
3833:
3536:
3329:
2967:
2874:
2752:
2465:
2448:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2314:
2260:
1983:
1928:
1825:
1793:
1764:
1643:
1636:
1631:
1604:
1466:
1461:
1138:
899:
683:
338:
312:
207:
60:
3657:
845:// Terra Artis. Arts and Design, 2021, 3, 84–101. DOI: 10.53273/27128768_2021_3_84
789:
Swiss Graphic Design: The Origins and Growth of an International Style, 1920–1965.
3850:
3707:
3682:
3632:
3556:
3381:
3371:
3266:
3251:
3231:
3114:
3024:
2987:
2972:
2720:
2627:
2569:
2391:
2386:
2143:
2112:
2064:
1754:
1685:
1670:
1498:
1476:
1397:
1345:
1335:
1307:
1260:
1243:
1167:
1108:
1098:
1037:
774:
Typography: An Encyclopedic Survey of Type Design and Techniques Through History.
328:
235:
146:
1734:
3912:
3880:
3828:
3776:
3759:
3749:
3677:
3339:
3216:
3186:
3083:
3071:
2945:
2879:
2811:
2678:
2574:
2277:
1973:
1913:
1854:
1718:
1648:
1355:
1277:
1194:
1047:
505:
Meggs P. A History of Graphic Design. N. Y.: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1998.
348:
254:
206:
One of the first American designers to integrate Swiss design with his own was
32:
3493:
1362:
3962:
3813:
3781:
3642:
3637:
3620:
3448:
3443:
3428:
3403:
3393:
3344:
3004:
2982:
2913:
2779:
2608:
2511:
2487:
2470:
2438:
2423:
2204:
2194:
2189:
2093:
1842:
1803:
1742:
1568:
1525:
1294:
1223:
1155:
997:
975:
891:
333:
231:
184:
3298:
2443:
2105:
167:
in 1908. Shortly thereafter, in 1918 Ernst Keller became a professor at the
130:"International Typographic Style" is meaningfully related to the concept of
3892:
3845:
3801:
3791:
3754:
3724:
3687:
3662:
3652:
3615:
3458:
3241:
3109:
2833:
2762:
2559:
2482:
2233:
2184:
2088:
2069:
2037:
1934:
1874:
1869:
1614:
1434:
1272:
1130:
1113:
1073:
1068:
1022:
960:
769:. Museum fĂĽrGestaltung ZĂĽrich. ZĂĽrich: Lars MĂĽller Publishers, 2014. 325 p.
3887:
1748:
3808:
3771:
3712:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3526:
3521:
3463:
3366:
3303:
3256:
3196:
3166:
3088:
2930:
2768:
2757:
2730:
2700:
2564:
2538:
2455:
2376:
2364:
2319:
2309:
2304:
2282:
2243:
2079:
2054:
1939:
1901:
1808:
1776:
1728:
1456:
1384:
1177:
1118:
1032:
970:
930:
267:
243:
96:
3855:
3667:
3627:
3573:
3541:
3433:
3271:
3226:
3119:
2925:
2735:
2603:
2324:
2126:
1918:
1759:
1547:
1313:
1218:
1182:
1172:
1150:
965:
955:
943:
895:
343:
108:
72:
68:
56:
3917:
3907:
3870:
3702:
3692:
3672:
3498:
3468:
3201:
3124:
2543:
2329:
2166:
1923:
1624:
1573:
1471:
1282:
1088:
1059:
363:
300:
188:
64:
890:
842:
The Swiss Style: It’s Prototypes, Origins and the Regulation Problem
556:
The Swiss Style: It’s Prototypes, Origins and the Regulation Problem
525:
The Swiss Style: It’s Prototypes, Origins and the Regulation Problem
494:
The Swiss Style: It’s Prototypes, Origins and the Regulation Problem
389:
The Swiss Style: It’s Prototypes, Origins and the Regulation Problem
3897:
3818:
3766:
3697:
3610:
3531:
3483:
3349:
3334:
3191:
3129:
3061:
2955:
2940:
2614:
2528:
2518:
2506:
2250:
1713:
1410:
1350:
446:
Encyclopædia Britannica, Arts & Entertainment: graphic design,
358:
226:
173:
44:
3236:
3039:
2977:
2794:
2693:
2433:
2160:
1993:
1599:
1199:
1083:
308:
249:
234:, Vilmos Huszar and Bart van der Leck as well as architects like
180:
100:
48:
2155:
3860:
3719:
3211:
3141:
2710:
2622:
2477:
1708:
711:"Swiss Style: the Principles, the Typefaces, and the Designers"
1944:
411:"Lessons From Swiss Style Graphic Design – Smashing Magazine"
304:
3796:
2598:
3787:
Art in the Protestant Reformation and Counter-Reformation
654:(4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 372.
629:(4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 370.
604:(4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 364.
579:(4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 356.
107:– a phenomenon that became widespread in international
855:
150:
A 1969 Swiss poster in International Typographic Style
765:
Brändle C.; Gimmi K.; Junod B.; Reble C.; Richter B.
650:
Meggs, Philip B.; Purvis, Alston W. (December 2005).
625:
Meggs, Philip B.; Purvis, Alston W. (December 2005).
600:
Meggs, Philip B.; Purvis, Alston W. (December 2005).
575:
Meggs, Philip B.; Purvis, Alston W. (December 2005).
806:. N. Y.: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1998. 592 p.
772:Fiedl, Frederich, Nicholas Ott and Bernard Stein.
3960:
676:"The International Typographic Style Timeline"
876:
856:Swiss Graphic Design and Typography Revisited
570:
568:
566:
564:
649:
624:
599:
574:
558:// Terra Artis. Arts and Design, 3, 84–101.
527:// Terra Artis. Arts and Design, 3, 84–101.
496:// Terra Artis. Arts and Design, 3, 84–101.
391:// Terra Artis. Arts and Design, 3, 84–101.
293:
883:
869:
704:
702:
700:
561:
16:20th-century European graphic design style
23:A 1959 poster for the Gewerbemuseum Basel
153:
145:
79:
18:
738:"What exactly is Swiss Design, anyway?"
708:
697:
217:
3961:
3564:Contemporary Indigenous Australian art
729:
119:
1584:Art of the late 16th century in Milan
864:
709:Budrick, Callie (31 January 2020).
448:THE INTERNATIONAL TYPOGRAPHIC STYLE
13:
2919:Vienna School of Fantastic Realism
1770:Neoclassical architecture in Milan
759:
735:
14:
4010:
2993:American Figurative Expressionism
1329:International Gothic art in Italy
849:
776:Black Dog & Leventhal: 1998.
767:100 Years of Swiss Graphic Design
303:, a font that is named after the
3943:
3942:
2502:Neue KĂĽnstlervereinigung MĂĽnchen
652:Meggs' History of Graphic Design
627:Meggs' History of Graphic Design
602:Meggs' History of Graphic Design
577:Meggs' History of Graphic Design
136:Museum of Modern Art in New York
3424:Tunisian collaborative painting
2897:International Typographic Style
811:Grid Systems in Graphic Design.
668:
643:
618:
593:
548:
539:
530:
517:
508:
436:International Typographic Style
84:
29:International Typographic Style
3177:The Caribbean Artists Movement
499:
486:
477:
460:"International Poster Gallery"
452:
440:
428:
403:
394:
381:
1:
1533:Dutch and Flemish Renaissance
791:Yale University Press: 2006.
374:
47:(The Netherlands) and at the
3648:Modern European ink painting
3020:Bay Area Figurative Movement
717:. Print Company Holdings LLC
183:. Univers paved the way for
7:
3309:Artificial intelligence art
804:A History of Graphic Design
322:
10:
4015:
3222:Post-painterly abstraction
3045:Situationist International
2419:Pennsylvania Impressionism
141:
123:
88:
31:is a systemic approach to
3938:
3742:
3507:
3317:
3097:
2889:
2873:
2805:California Scene Painting
2684:California Scene Painting
2640:Figurative Constructivism
2552:
2357:
2136:
2125:
1955:
1892:
1785:
1701:
1691:Poussinists and Rubenists
1592:
1396:
1129:
929:
920:
907:
809:MĂĽller-Brockmann, Josef.
434:Encyclopædia Britannica,
277:
169:Kunstgewerbeschule ZĂĽrich
3903:Prehistoric European art
3552:Contemporary African art
3035:Gendai Bijutsu Kondankai
2963:GeneraciĂłn de la Ruptura
2590:Universal Constructivism
2382:California Impressionism
2337:American Barbizon school
294:Characteristics of style
3730:Walking Artists Network
3067:Letterist International
2907:Washington Color School
1821:Arts in the Philippines
3841:Illuminated manuscript
3489:The Designers Republic
3439:Neue Slowenische Kunst
3362:Pattern and Decoration
3262:Institutional critique
2902:Abstract expressionism
1882:Latin American Baroque
1838:Colonial Asian Baroque
828:Hastings House: 1981.
354:Josef MĂĽller-Brockmann
197:Josef MĂĽller-Brockmann
165:Basel School of Design
159:
151:
24:
3479:Artist-run initiative
3454:Young British Artists
3419:New European Painting
3355:Moscow Conceptualists
3277:Feminist art movement
3055:Ukrainian underground
3030:Gutai Art Association
2429:Ten American Painters
1933:Western influence in
910:List of art movements
839:Vasileva, Ekaterina.
290:deriving a response.
157:
149:
80:Specifics of the term
22:
3984:Communication design
3289:Saqqakhaneh movement
3182:Chicano art movement
3050:Soviet Nonconformist
2856:Boston Expressionism
2839:Abstraction-Création
2657:Arbeitsrat fĂĽr Kunst
2650:Cologne Progressives
2370:Art Nouveau in Milan
2173:Anglo-Japanese style
2149:National romanticism
1579:Fontainebleau School
1489:Northern Renaissance
1324:International Gothic
218:Associated movements
91:Swiss Style (design)
3824:Hierarchy of genres
3389:Saint Soleil School
3325:Post-conceptual art
3294:The Stars Art Group
3172:Black Arts Movement
3135:Neo-Dada Organizers
2936:Lyrical abstraction
2669:Australian tonalism
2342:California Tonalism
2014:Hudson River School
1817:Colonial Asian art
1557:English Renaissance
1506:Ghent–Bruges school
1494:Early Netherlandish
1406:Italian Renaissance
1319:Gothic art in Milan
680:smearedblackink.com
554:Vasileva E. (2021)
523:Vasileva E. (2021)
492:Vasileva E. (2021)
387:Vasileva E. (2021)
158:A 1959 Swiss poster
132:International Style
126:International Style
120:International Style
103:for the concept of
99:is considered as a
3866:Landscape painting
3474:New Leipzig School
3414:Neo-conceptual art
3162:Art & Language
3157:Capitalist realism
3079:Florida Highwaymen
3015:Hard-edge painting
2829:Streamline Moderne
2790:Harlem Renaissance
2633:Novecento Italiano
2461:Deutscher Werkbund
2288:Post-Impressionism
1850:Latin American art
1654:Guild of Romanists
1516:German Renaissance
1511:Northern Mannerism
369:Richard Paul Lohse
240:Robert van 't Hoff
193:New Graphic Design
160:
152:
25:
3956:
3955:
3738:
3737:
3594:Corporate Memphis
3547:Classical Realism
3517:Amazonian pop art
3409:Appropriation art
3377:Neo-expressionism
3247:Environmental art
3152:Nouvelle tendance
2869:
2868:
2817:Socialist realism
2674:Dresden Secession
2293:Neo-Impressionism
2256:Decadent movement
2227:Heidelberg School
2121:
2120:
2019:American luminism
2004:DĂĽsseldorf School
1999:Shoreham Ancients
1989:Nazarene movement
1979:Danish Golden Age
1860:Indochristian art
1538:Antwerp Mannerism
1427:Pittura infamante
1421:Florentine School
1416:Proto-Renaissance
787:Hollis, Richard.
415:Smashing Magazine
4006:
3946:
3945:
3930:Western painting
3876:Modern sculpture
3834:History painting
3537:Art intervention
3330:Installation art
3147:Nouveau réalisme
2887:
2886:
2861:Leningrad School
2753:Mexican muralism
2726:Grosvenor School
2466:American Realism
2449:Der Blaue Reiter
2407:Berlin Secession
2402:Vienna Secession
2397:Munich Secession
2315:Pont-Aven School
2134:
2133:
1984:Troubadour style
1962:(c. 1770 – 1862)
1929:Qing handicrafts
1895:Western elements
1826:Letras y figuras
1799:African-American
1794:African diaspora
1765:Directoire style
1676:Heptanese school
1659:Dutch Golden Age
1644:Stroganov School
1637:Lutheran Baroque
1632:Louis XIII style
1605:Baroque in Milan
1467:Bolognese School
1462:High Renaissance
1445:Forlivese School
1440:Ferrarese School
1163:Migration Period
927:
926:
885:
878:
871:
862:
861:
753:
752:
750:
748:
733:
727:
726:
724:
722:
706:
695:
694:
692:
691:
682:. Archived from
672:
666:
665:
647:
641:
640:
622:
616:
615:
597:
591:
590:
572:
559:
552:
546:
543:
537:
534:
528:
521:
515:
512:
506:
503:
497:
490:
484:
481:
475:
474:
472:
471:
462:. Archived from
456:
450:
444:
438:
432:
426:
425:
423:
422:
407:
401:
398:
392:
385:
339:Dorothea Hofmann
313:Akzidenz-Grotesk
208:Rudolph de Harak
61:Akzidenz Grotesk
4014:
4013:
4009:
4008:
4007:
4005:
4004:
4003:
3959:
3958:
3957:
3952:
3934:
3851:Interactive art
3734:
3708:SoFlo Superflat
3633:Kitsch movement
3557:Africanfuturism
3509:
3503:
3382:Transavantgarde
3313:
3267:Light and Space
3252:Performance art
3232:Psychedelic art
3115:Nueva Presencia
3105:Otra FiguraciĂłn
3093:
3025:Les Plasticiens
3010:New York School
2988:Action painting
2973:Metcalf Chateau
2882:
2877:
2865:
2785:Cercle et Carré
2721:New Objectivity
2628:Return to order
2570:School of Paris
2548:
2392:School of Paris
2353:
2239:Arts and Crafts
2144:Neo-romanticism
2129:
2117:
2113:Etching revival
2065:Barbizon school
2009:Pre-Raphaelites
1961:
1958:
1951:
1894:
1888:
1781:
1755:Louis XVI style
1697:
1686:Louis XIV style
1649:Animal painting
1610:Flemish Baroque
1588:
1499:World landscape
1450:Venetian School
1392:
1379:Majorcan school
1346:Novgorod School
1336:Lucchese School
1308:Opus Anglicanum
1300:Norman-Sicilian
1244:Italo-Byzantine
1144:Early Christian
1125:
1109:Pompeian Styles
922:
916:
903:
889:
852:
762:
760:Further reading
757:
756:
746:
744:
734:
730:
720:
718:
707:
698:
689:
687:
674:
673:
669:
662:
648:
644:
637:
623:
619:
612:
598:
594:
587:
573:
562:
553:
549:
544:
540:
535:
531:
522:
518:
513:
509:
504:
500:
491:
487:
482:
478:
469:
467:
458:
457:
453:
445:
441:
433:
429:
420:
418:
409:
408:
404:
399:
395:
386:
382:
377:
329:Adrian Frutiger
325:
296:
280:
236:Gerrit Rietveld
220:
144:
128:
122:
93:
87:
82:
59:typefaces like
17:
12:
11:
5:
4012:
4002:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3979:Graphic design
3976:
3971:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3950:
3939:
3936:
3935:
3933:
3932:
3927:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3884:
3883:
3881:Late modernism
3878:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3837:
3836:
3831:
3829:Genre painting
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3805:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3779:
3777:Ballets Russes
3774:
3769:
3764:
3763:
3762:
3760:Asemic writing
3752:
3750:History of art
3746:
3744:
3743:Related topics
3740:
3739:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3716:
3715:
3710:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3678:Relational art
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3624:
3623:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3601:Hypermodernism
3598:
3597:
3596:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3560:
3559:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3513:
3511:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3385:
3384:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3358:
3357:
3347:
3342:
3340:Postminimalism
3337:
3332:
3327:
3321:
3319:
3315:
3314:
3312:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3285:
3284:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3217:Generative art
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3187:Conceptual art
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3138:
3137:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3101:
3099:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3091:
3086:
3084:Cybernetic art
3081:
3076:
3075:
3074:
3072:Ultra-Lettrist
3069:
3059:
3058:
3057:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
3001:
3000:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2959:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2946:Arte Informale
2943:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2922:
2921:
2911:
2910:
2909:
2899:
2893:
2891:
2884:
2883:(1945–present)
2871:
2870:
2867:
2866:
2864:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2842:
2841:
2831:
2826:
2825:
2824:
2819:
2812:Heroic realism
2809:
2808:
2807:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2749:
2748:
2746:Latin American
2743:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2716:Group of Seven
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2686:
2681:
2679:Social realism
2676:
2671:
2666:
2665:
2664:
2662:November Group
2654:
2653:
2652:
2647:
2637:
2636:
2635:
2625:
2620:
2619:
2618:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2595:
2594:
2593:
2592:
2585:Latin American
2580:Constructivism
2577:
2575:Crystal Cubism
2572:
2567:
2562:
2556:
2554:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2515:
2514:
2504:
2499:
2492:
2491:
2490:
2485:
2475:
2474:
2473:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2452:
2451:
2446:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2373:
2372:
2361:
2359:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2351:
2346:
2345:
2344:
2334:
2333:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2301:
2300:
2285:
2280:
2278:Volcano School
2275:
2274:
2273:
2268:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2247:
2246:
2236:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2213:
2212:
2207:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2176:
2175:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2140:
2138:
2131:
2123:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2115:
2110:
2109:
2108:
2103:
2102:
2101:
2086:
2085:
2084:
2083:
2082:
2072:
2067:
2057:
2052:
2051:
2050:
2040:
2035:
2033:Norwich School
2030:
2025:
2024:
2023:
2022:
2021:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1974:Fairy painting
1965:
1963:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1942:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1898:
1896:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1886:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1878:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1865:Chilote School
1857:
1855:Casta painting
1847:
1846:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1834:
1833:
1831:Tipos del PaĂs
1828:
1815:
1814:
1813:
1812:
1811:
1801:
1789:
1787:
1783:
1782:
1780:
1779:
1774:
1773:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1740:
1739:
1738:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1719:Louis XV style
1716:
1705:
1703:
1699:
1698:
1696:
1695:
1694:
1693:
1688:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1640:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1628:
1627:
1622:
1612:
1607:
1596:
1594:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1554:
1553:
1552:
1551:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1530:
1529:
1528:
1523:
1521:Cologne School
1513:
1508:
1503:
1502:
1501:
1486:
1485:
1484:
1483:
1482:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1454:
1453:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1432:
1431:
1430:
1423:
1418:
1402:
1400:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1390:
1389:
1388:
1381:
1376:
1374:Italian school
1365:
1360:
1359:
1358:
1356:Sienese School
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1311:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1292:
1291:
1290:
1285:
1275:
1270:
1269:
1268:
1266:Pre-Romanesque
1263:
1258:
1248:
1247:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1221:
1216:
1215:
1214:
1202:
1197:
1195:Donor portrait
1192:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1160:
1159:
1158:
1148:
1147:
1146:
1135:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1123:
1122:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1104:Julio-Claudian
1101:
1096:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1063:
1062:
1057:
1056:
1055:
1053:Greco-Buddhist
1045:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
993:Protogeometric
990:
980:
979:
978:
973:
968:
963:
953:
948:
947:
946:
935:
933:
924:
918:
917:
908:
905:
904:
888:
887:
880:
873:
865:
859:
858:
851:
850:External links
848:
847:
846:
837:
822:
813:Niggli: 1996.
807:
800:
785:
770:
761:
758:
755:
754:
736:Bigman, Alex.
728:
696:
667:
660:
642:
635:
617:
610:
592:
585:
560:
547:
538:
529:
516:
507:
498:
485:
476:
451:
439:
427:
417:. 17 July 2009
402:
393:
379:
378:
376:
373:
372:
371:
366:
361:
356:
351:
349:Jan Tschichold
346:
341:
336:
331:
324:
321:
295:
292:
279:
276:
261:Constructivism
255:Walter Gropius
219:
216:
143:
140:
124:Main article:
121:
118:
89:Main article:
86:
83:
81:
78:
41:Constructivism
33:graphic design
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4011:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3969:Art movements
3967:
3966:
3964:
3949:
3941:
3940:
3937:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3925:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3873:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3826:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3814:Fantastic art
3812:
3810:
3807:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3784:
3783:
3782:Christian art
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3761:
3758:
3757:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3741:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3705:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3683:Skeuomorphism
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3643:Massurrealism
3641:
3639:
3638:Lightpainting
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3622:
3621:Post-Internet
3619:
3618:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3595:
3592:
3591:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3558:
3555:
3554:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3506:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3494:Grunge design
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3449:Retrofuturism
3447:
3445:
3444:Scratch video
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3429:Memphis Group
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3404:Telematic art
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3394:Guerrilla art
3392:
3390:
3387:
3383:
3380:
3379:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3356:
3353:
3352:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3345:Endurance art
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3320:
3316:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3283:
3280:
3279:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3136:
3133:
3132:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3096:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3064:
3063:
3060:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3005:New media art
3003:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2983:Nanyang Style
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2938:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2920:
2917:
2916:
2915:
2914:Visionary art
2912:
2908:
2905:
2904:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2888:
2885:
2881:
2876:
2872:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2780:Scuola Romana
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2738:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2706:Anthropophagy
2704:
2702:
2699:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2690:
2689:Functionalism
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2655:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2641:
2638:
2634:
2631:
2630:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2617:
2616:
2612:
2611:
2610:
2609:Neoplasticism
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2591:
2588:
2587:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2551:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2513:
2512:Cubo-Futurism
2510:
2509:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2497:
2493:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2479:
2476:
2472:
2471:Ashcan School
2469:
2468:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2439:Expressionism
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2424:Mir iskusstva
2422:
2420:
2417:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2371:
2368:
2367:
2366:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2356:
2350:
2347:
2343:
2340:
2339:
2338:
2335:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2299:
2296:
2295:
2294:
2291:
2290:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2211:
2210:Boston School
2208:
2206:
2205:Hoosier Group
2203:
2202:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2196:
2195:Impressionism
2193:
2191:
2190:Peredvizhniki
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2180:Beuron School
2178:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2169:
2168:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2135:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2114:
2111:
2107:
2104:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2095:
2094:Munich School
2092:
2091:
2090:
2087:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2062:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1960:
1954:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1893:Art borrowing
1891:
1883:
1880:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1852:
1851:
1848:
1844:
1843:Company style
1841:
1839:
1836:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1823:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1784:
1778:
1775:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1746:
1745:
1744:
1743:Neoclassicism
1741:
1737:
1736:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1665:
1662:
1661:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1617:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1591:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1569:Cretan School
1567:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1558:
1555:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1534:
1531:
1527:
1526:Danube school
1524:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1481:
1480:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1458:
1455:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1436:
1433:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1370:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1296:
1293:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1252:
1249:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1207:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1165:
1164:
1161:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1149:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1134:
1132:
1128:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1061:
1058:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1003:Orientalizing
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
988:Sub-Mycenaean
986:
985:
984:
981:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
958:
957:
954:
952:
949:
945:
942:
941:
940:
937:
936:
934:
932:
928:
925:
919:
915:
911:
906:
902:art movements
901:
897:
893:
886:
881:
879:
874:
872:
867:
866:
863:
857:
854:
853:
844:
843:
838:
835:
834:0-8038-7223-2
831:
827:
824:Ruder, Emil.
823:
820:
819:3-7212-0145-0
816:
812:
808:
805:
801:
798:
797:0-300-10676-9
794:
790:
786:
783:
782:1-57912-023-7
779:
775:
771:
768:
764:
763:
743:
739:
732:
716:
712:
705:
703:
701:
686:on 2020-02-03
685:
681:
677:
671:
663:
661:9780471699026
657:
653:
646:
638:
636:9780471699026
632:
628:
621:
613:
611:9780471699026
607:
603:
596:
588:
586:9780471699026
582:
578:
571:
569:
567:
565:
557:
551:
542:
533:
526:
520:
511:
502:
495:
489:
480:
466:on 2008-05-12
465:
461:
455:
449:
443:
437:
431:
416:
412:
406:
397:
390:
384:
380:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
355:
352:
350:
347:
345:
342:
340:
337:
335:
334:Armin Hofmann
332:
330:
327:
326:
320:
316:
314:
310:
306:
302:
291:
287:
284:
275:
271:
269:
265:
262:
258:
256:
251:
247:
245:
241:
237:
233:
232:Piet Mondrian
228:
224:
215:
213:
209:
204:
200:
198:
194:
190:
186:
185:Max Miedinger
182:
177:
175:
170:
166:
156:
148:
139:
137:
133:
127:
117:
114:
110:
106:
105:"Swiss style"
102:
98:
92:
77:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
21:
3999:1950s in art
3994:1920s in art
3924:Trompe-l'Ĺ“il
3922:
3893:Outsider art
3846:Illustration
3802:Lutheran art
3792:Catholic art
3755:Abstract art
3725:Unilalianism
3688:Software art
3663:Neosymbolism
3653:Neo-futurism
3616:Internet art
3606:Hyperrealism
3459:Superfiction
3242:Photorealism
3110:Afrofuturism
2896:
2875:Contemporary
2851:Dimensionism
2834:Concrete art
2767:
2763:Precisionism
2613:
2560:Sosaku-hanga
2534:Productivism
2524:Metaphysical
2494:
2483:Proto-Cubism
2387:Secessionism
2349:Costumbrismo
2234:Aestheticism
2185:Hague School
2165:
2089:Academic art
2070:Costumbrismo
2038:Empire style
1875:Quito School
1870:Cusco School
1786:Colonial art
1747:
1735:FĂŞte galante
1733:
1702:18th century
1664:Delft School
1615:Caravaggisti
1593:17th century
1478:
1435:Quattrocento
1425:
1383:
1306:
1209:
1139:Late antique
1023:Severe style
1013:Black-figure
900:Contemporary
841:
825:
810:
803:
788:
773:
766:
745:. Retrieved
741:
731:
719:. Retrieved
714:
688:. Retrieved
684:the original
679:
670:
651:
645:
626:
620:
601:
595:
576:
550:
541:
532:
519:
510:
501:
488:
479:
468:. Retrieved
464:the original
454:
442:
430:
419:. Retrieved
414:
405:
396:
383:
317:
297:
288:
285:
281:
272:
266:
259:
248:
244:J. J. P. Oud
225:
221:
205:
201:
178:
161:
129:
94:
85:Swiss School
28:
26:
3809:Digital art
3772:Avant-garde
3713:Superstroke
3589:Flat design
3584:Fictive art
3579:Excessivism
3527:Art for art
3522:Altermodern
3464:Taring Padi
3399:Lowbrow art
3367:Pliontanism
3304:Yoru no Kai
3257:Process art
3197:Systems art
3167:Arte Povera
3089:Antipodeans
2998:in New York
2968:Jikken KĹŤbĹŤ
2931:Color field
2800:Regionalism
2769:Aeropittura
2758:Neo-Fauvism
2731:Neues Sehen
2701:Kinetic art
2565:Suprematism
2539:Synchromism
2456:Noucentisme
2377:Primitivism
2365:Art Nouveau
2320:Cloisonnism
2310:Pointillism
2305:Divisionism
2283:Incoherents
2244:Art pottery
2130:(1863–1944)
2080:Macchiaioli
2055:Biedermeier
2043:Historicism
2028:Orientalism
1969:Romanticism
1940:Akita ranga
1792:Art of the
1777:Picturesque
1729:Chinoiserie
1724:Frederician
1562:Tudor court
1457:Cinquecento
1398:Renaissance
1385:Mappa mundi
1369:cartography
1261:Carolingian
1256:Merovingian
1239:Palaeologan
1211:RepoblaciĂłn
1168:Anglo-Saxon
1099:Gallo-Roman
1038:Hellenistic
1033:Kerch style
971:Minyan ware
826:Typography.
268:Suprematism
113:Swiss Style
37:Swiss style
3989:Modern art
3963:Categories
3856:Jewish art
3668:Passionism
3628:iPhone art
3574:Cyborg art
3569:Crypto art
3542:Brandalism
3434:Cyberdelic
3299:Tropicália
3272:Street art
3227:Intermedia
3207:Minimalism
2926:Spatialism
2880:Postmodern
2736:Surrealism
2604:Shin-hanga
2444:Die BrĂĽcke
2412:Sonderbund
2325:Synthetism
2048:Revivalism
1957:Transition
1914:Manichaean
1760:Adam style
1681:Classicism
1620:in Utrecht
1548:Still life
1278:Romanesque
1234:Macedonian
1229:Iconoclast
1188:Visigothic
1094:Republican
1048:Indo-Greek
1018:Red-figure
690:2015-12-12
470:2008-04-23
421:2015-12-11
375:References
344:Emil Ruder
109:typography
73:typography
69:flush left
57:sans-serif
43:(Russia),
3974:Swiss art
3918:Shock art
3908:Queer art
3888:NaĂŻve art
3871:Modernism
3703:Superflat
3693:Sound art
3673:Post-YBAs
3658:Neomodern
3499:Verdadism
3469:Superflat
3318:1970–1999
3282:in the US
3202:Video art
3125:Happening
3098:1960–1969
2890:1945–1959
2553:1915–1944
2544:Vorticism
2496:A Nyolcak
2358:1900–1914
2330:Les Nabis
2261:Symbolism
2217:Amsterdam
2167:Japonisme
2137:1863–1899
2099:in Greece
1959:to modern
1804:Caribbean
1749:Goût grec
1671:Capriccio
1625:Tenebrism
1574:Turquerie
1472:Mannerism
1367:Medieval
1224:Byzantine
1205:Mozarabic
1156:Ethiopian
1060:Neo-Attic
1043:"Baroque"
1028:Classical
998:Geometric
976:Mycenaean
923:(Western)
921:Premodern
892:Premodern
802:Meggs P.
742:99designs
364:Paul Rand
301:Helvetica
189:Helvetica
65:Helvetica
3948:Category
3898:Portrait
3819:Folk art
3767:Anti-art
3698:Stuckism
3611:Idea art
3532:Art game
3484:Artivism
3372:Punk art
3350:Sots Art
3335:Artscene
3192:Land art
3130:Neo-Dada
3062:Lettrism
2956:Nuagisme
2941:Tachisme
2822:Nazi art
2615:De Stijl
2529:Rayonism
2519:Art Deco
2507:Futurism
2298:Luminism
2266:Romanian
2251:Tonalism
2222:Canadian
2200:American
2106:Neo-Grec
1714:Rocaille
1543:Romanism
1477:Counter-
1411:Trecento
1351:Duecento
1341:Crusades
1273:Ottonian
1251:Frankish
1131:Medieval
1114:Trajanic
1074:Scythian
1069:Etruscan
961:Cycladic
939:Thracian
359:Max Bill
323:See also
227:De Stijl
174:Max Bill
45:De Stijl
3913:Realism
3510:present
3237:Nut Art
3040:Pop art
2978:Mono-ha
2846:The Ten
2795:Kapists
2741:Iranian
2694:Bauhaus
2488:Orphism
2434:Fauvism
2271:Russian
2161:Nihonga
2075:Verismo
2060:Realism
1994:Purismo
1907:Moorish
1902:Islamic
1809:Haitian
1600:Baroque
1479:Maniera
1363:Mudéjar
1288:Spanish
1200:Pictish
1183:Lombard
1178:Insular
1119:Severan
1084:Gaulish
1079:Iberian
1008:Archaic
951:Nuragic
931:Ancient
914:periods
309:Univers
250:Bauhaus
181:Univers
142:History
101:synonym
49:Bauhaus
3861:Kitsch
3720:Toyism
3212:Fluxus
3142:Op art
2711:Mingei
2645:Stupid
2623:Purism
2478:Cubism
2127:Modern
1919:Mughal
1709:Rococo
1314:Gothic
1295:Norman
1219:Viking
1173:Hunnic
1151:Coptic
966:Minoan
956:Aegean
944:Dacian
896:Modern
832:
817:
795:
780:
747:9 July
721:9 July
658:
633:
608:
583:
278:Theory
67:, and
3508:2000–
2951:COBRA
1945:Uki-e
1935:Japan
1924:Qajar
1283:Mosan
1089:Roman
983:Greek
715:Print
305:Latin
3797:Icon
3120:ZERO
2878:and
2775:Asso
2599:Dada
2156:YĹŤga
898:and
830:ISBN
815:ISBN
793:ISBN
778:ISBN
749:2023
723:2023
656:ISBN
631:ISBN
606:ISBN
581:ISBN
311:and
242:and
97:term
63:and
53:grid
27:The
212:MIT
3965::
894:,
740:.
713:.
699:^
678:.
563:^
413:.
315:.
246:.
238:,
214:.
176:.
55:,
912:/
884:e
877:t
870:v
836:.
821:.
799:.
784:.
751:.
725:.
693:.
664:.
639:.
614:.
589:.
473:.
424:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
