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needs. Ironically, it was initially resisted by trade unions, and at first he had a job convincing schools, until eventually he persuaded the L.E.A. and councilors to go ahead. It became highly valued by pupils, teachers, inspectors, employers and politicians. Work experience provided a taste of the requirements and disciplines of work and an insight into possible vocational choices. It ran alongside professional, individual, impartial, face to face careers guidance by local careers advisers. A Conservative
Government introduced the Education (Work Experience) Act 1973 which enabled all education authorities âto arrange for children under school-leaving age to have work experience, as part of their educationâ. The Conservative Liberal coalition government abolished compulsory work experience for students in England at key stage 4 (Years 10 to 11 for 14-16 years olds) in 2012. Recently a number of non-governmental and employer led bodies have become critical of pupils and students not understanding the âworld of workâ. Work experience is no longer offered on the national curriculum for students in years 10 and 11 in the
287:; every student who wishes to do so has a statutory right to take work experience. In 2011, however, the Wolf Review of Vocational Education proposed a significant policy change thatâto reflect the fact that almost all students now stay past the age of 16âthe requirement for pre-16 work experience in the UK should be removed. Work experience in this context is when students in an adult working environment more or less act as an employee, but with the emphasis on learning about the world of work. Placements are limited by safety and security restrictions, insurance cover and availability, and do not necessarily reflect eventual career choice but instead allow a broad experience of the world of work.
376:. During this time, the students on work placement have the opportunity to use the skills and knowledge gained in their first two years, and see how they are applied to real world problems. This offers them useful insights for their final year and prepares them for the job market once their course has finished. Some companies sponsor students in their final year at university with the promise of a job at the end of the course. This is an incentive for the student to perform well during the placement as it helps with two otherwise unwelcome stresses: the lack of money in the final year, and finding a job when the university course ends.
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it requires students to exchange paid-for and often limited tuition credits to work an uncompensated job. Paying for academic credits is a way to ensure students complete the duration of the internship, since they can be held accountable by their academic institution. For example, a student may be awarded academic credit only after their university receives a positive review from the intern's supervisor at the sponsoring organization.
266:
Work experience in
England was established in the 1970s by Jack Pidcock, Principal Careers Officer of Manchester Careers Service. The Service organized two weeks work experience for all Year 10 pupils in Manchester Local Education Authority schools, including those for pupils with special educational
249:
Companies in search of interns often find and place students in mostly unpaid internships, for a fee. These companies charge students to assist with research, promising to refund the fee if no internship is found. The programs vary and aim to provide internship placements at reputable companies. Some
233:
are internships done in a country other than the one that the country of residence. These internships can either be in person or done remotely. Van Mol analyzed employer perspectives on study abroad versus international internships in 31 European countries, finding that employers value international
210:
which often have unpaid or volunteer positions. State law and state enforcement agencies may impose requirements on unpaid internship programs under
Minimum Wage Act. A program must meet criteria to be properly classified as an unpaid internship. Part of this requirement is proving that the intern is
111:
or lead to future employment opportunities. The benefit of bringing an intern into full-time employment is that they are already familiar with the company, therefore needing little to no training. Internships provide current college students with the ability to participate in a field of their choice
257:
Some companies specifically fund scholarships and grants for low-income applicants. Critics of internships criticize the practice of requiring certain college credits to be obtained only through unpaid internships. Depending on the cost of the school, this is often seen as an unethical practice, as
226:
are internships that are done remotely on email, phone, and web communication. This offers flexibility as physical presence isn't required. It still provides the capacity to gain job experience without the conventional requirement of being physically present in an office. Virtual interns generally
199:
This is mostly done by students who are in their final year of school. With this kind of internship, a student does research for a particular company. The company can have something that they feel they need to improve, or the student can choose a topic in the company themselves. The results of the
74:
and government agencies. They are typically undertaken by students and graduates looking to gain relevant skills and experience in a particular field. Employers benefit from these placements because they often recruit employees from their best interns, who have known capabilities, thus saving time
290:
Most students do not get paid for work experience. However, some employers pay students, as this is considered part of their education. The duration varies according to the student's course, and other personal circumstances. Most students go out on work experience for one or two weeks in a year.
75:
and money in the long run. Internships are usually arranged by third-party organizations that recruit interns on behalf of industry groups. Rules vary from country to country about when interns should be regarded as employees. The system can be open to exploitation by unscrupulous employers.
102:
Typically, an internship consists of an exchange of services for experience between the intern and the organization. Internships are used to determine whether the intern still has an interest in that field after the real-life experience. In addition, an internship can be used to build a
193:. Work experience internships usually occur during the second or third year of schooling. This type of internship is to expand an intern's knowledge both in their school studies and also at the company. The intern is expected to bring ideas and knowledge from school into the company.
86:
into the workforce. The lack of standardization and oversight leaves the term "internship" open to broad interpretation. Interns may be high school students, college and university students, or post-graduate adults. These positions may be paid or
291:
Some students work in a particular workplace, perhaps one or two days a week for extended periods of time throughout the yearâeither for vocation reasons and commitment to alternative curricula or because they have social or behavioral problems.
217:
is when students are paid in the form of a stipend. Stipends are typically a fixed amount of money that is paid out on a regular basis. Usually, interns that are paid with stipends are paid on a set schedule associated with the
365:
At university level, work experience is often offered between the second and final years of an undergraduate degree course, especially in the science, engineering and computing fields. Courses of this nature are often called
963:
Dolly
Predovic, John Dennis & Elspeth Jones (2021): International internships and employability: a gamebased assessment approach, Higher Education Research & Development, DOI: 10.1080/07294360.2021.1889994
912:
Careers, Full Bio Follow
Linkedin Penny Loretto wrote about internships for The Balance; Loretto, has more than 20 years of experience as a licensed career counselor Read The Balance's editorial policies Penny.
234:
internships more than international study, while
Predovic, Dennis and Jones found that international internships developed cognitive skills like how new information is learned and the motivation to learn.
254:, support, networking, weekend activities or academic credit. Some programs offer extra add-ons such as language classes, networking events, local excursions, and other academic options.
136:
and are usually flexible with students' schedules. A typical internship lasts between one and four months, but can be shorter or longer, depending on the organization involved. The act of
1033:
597:"Labour market regulations, changes in working life and the importance of apprenticeship training: A long-term and comparative view on youth transition from school to work"
70:
offered by an organization for a limited period of time. Once confined to medical graduates, internship is used to practice for a wide range of placements in businesses,
1148:
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are internships for experienced workers who are looking to return to the workforce after taking time away to care for parents or children.
951:
Van Mol, C. (2017). Do employers value international study and internships? A comparative analysis of 31 countries. Geoforum, 78, 52â60.
888:
211:
the primary beneficiary of the relationship. Unpaid interns perform work that is not routine and work that company doesn't depend upon.
2072:
2050:
1176:
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Internships exist in a wide variety of industries and settings. An internship can be paid, unpaid, or partially paid (in the form of a
914:
2976:
564:"Unpaid and Overworked: A Study of Unpaid Internships, Labor Law, and the Long Struggle for Fair Treatment in the American Workplace"
836:"Internship Expectations: What an Internship Is and Is Not - Current Students and Alumni - Career Center - University of Evansville"
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Definition of
Internship (as set forth in the Ohio State University Department of Political Science, accessed January 22, 2013
1207:
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1247:
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1065:
Discenna, Thomas A. (2016-08-07). "The
Discourses of Free Labor: Career Management, Employability, and the Unpaid Intern".
538:
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151:, have "insights" programs that serve as a pre-internship event numbering a day to a week, either in person or virtually.
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to receive hands-on learning about a particular future career, preparing them for full-time work following
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672:"What Happens Before Full-Time Employment? Internships as a Mechanism of Anticipatory Socialization"
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Internships for professional careers are similar in some ways. Similar to internships,
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Intern nation : how to earn nothing and learn little in the brave new economy
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44:"Work experience" redirects here. For the 1989 British short comedy film, see
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research study will be put in a report and often will have to be presented.
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A Wolf, Review of
Vocational Education, 2011 recommendation 21 p.17
994:
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37:"Interning" redirects here. For the computer science term, see
2525:
1225:
250:
companies may also provide controlled housing in a new city,
197:
Work research, virtual research (graduation) or dissertation:
1109:"Unpaid Internships: Unfair and Unethical | The Bottom Line"
2565:
2008:
1543:
91:
and are temporary. Many large corporations, particularly
915:"How Virtual Internships Workâand Sometimes Don't Work"
2235:
List of countries by rate of fatal workplace accidents
1177:"Unpaid internship: code for modern-day exploitation?"
995:"Opportunity for Sale; Psst! Wanna buy an internship?"
539:"It Is High Time We Change the Culture of Internships"
1149:"Oxfordshire Education Business Partnership - (OEBP)"
372:, with the work experience year itself known as the
806:"Goldman Sachs | Student Programs - Insight Series"
294:
1202:, 1st ed., Brooklyn, NY : Verso Books, 2011.
261:
973:
733:"Unpaid internships face legal, ethical scrutiny"
3147:
594:
227:have the opportunity to work at their own pace.
206:are typically through non-profit charities and
1143:
1141:
953:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2016.11.014
1241:
992:
595:Olofsson, Jonas; Panican, Alexandru (2019).
271:. but is available for (3rd and 4th year in
157:are common in professional fields including
1138:
976:"Do You Want An Internship? It'll Cost You"
967:
937:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
333:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1248:
1234:
911:
2977:Comprehensive Employment and Training Act
728:
726:
698:
579:
353:Learn how and when to remove this message
2821:Job losses caused by the Great Recession
1498:Simultaneous recruiting of new graduates
1064:
1031:
489:
147:: Many large corporations, particularly
3002:Credentialism and educational inflation
561:
455:Take Our Daughters and Sons to Work Day
244:
14:
3148:
2873:List of countries by unemployment rate
974:Sue Shellenbarger (January 28, 2009).
723:
669:
636:
536:
1229:
863:"Five principles for research ethics"
857:
855:
492:"Unpaid research jobs draw criticism"
1766:Practice-based professional learning
637:Perlin, Ross (2013). "Internships".
632:
630:
568:N.Y.U. American Public Policy Review
331:adding citations to reliable sources
298:
2319:Workers' right to access the toilet
1034:"Two Cheers for Unpaid Internships"
670:Dailey, Stephanie L. (2016-08-07).
24:
1169:
868:American Psychological Association
852:
639:Sociology of Work: An Encyclopedia
25:
3192:
993:Timothy Noah (January 28, 2009).
746:, Bowdoin College, April 30, 2004
627:
3090:
3089:
2383:Corporate collapses and scandals
1067:Western Journal of Communication
1032:Yglesias, Matthew (2013-12-04).
1013:International Internship Program
679:Western Journal of Communication
303:
295:University level work experience
1126:
1101:
1058:
1025:
1001:
986:
957:
945:
905:
881:
828:
798:
773:
262:Secondary level work experience
140:may also constitute interning.
2883:Employment-to-population ratio
2255:Occupational health psychology
1255:
749:
663:
588:
562:Solomon, Maddie (2022-06-30).
555:
537:Sanjay, Satviki (2020-08-04).
530:
490:Woolston, Chris (2015-06-03).
483:
472:
13:
1:
2971:Works Progress Administration
2863:Unemployment Convention, 1919
2275:Personal protective equipment
1823:Occupational Outlook Handbook
1079:10.1080/10570314.2016.1162323
691:10.1080/10570314.2016.1159727
466:
397:Curricular Practical Training
3052:Psychopathy in the workplace
2225:Human factors and ergonomics
399:(for international students)
39:Interning (computer science)
30:For the medical intern, see
7:
3037:Narcissism in the workplace
2250:Occupational exposure limit
601:Policy Futures in Education
379:
10:
3197:
2966:Civil Works Administration
2848:Technological unemployment
2324:Workplace health promotion
1776:Professional certification
1473:Personalityâjob fit theory
647:10.4135/9781452276199.n165
581:10.21428/4b58ebd1.8a535be3
215:Partially-paid internships
51:. For the TV episode, see
43:
36:
29:
3085:
2984:
2946:Guaranteed minimum income
2903:
2744:
2618:
2531:Organizational commitment
2483:
2375:
2342:
2205:
2130:
2007:
1929:
1863:
1650:
1572:
1516:
1366:
1263:
1182:The Sydney Morning Herald
889:"Unpaid Internship Rules"
440:School-to-work transition
231:International Internships
109:letters of recommendation
82:transition students from
27:Period of work experience
3115:Aspects of organizations
2796:Involuntary unemployment
2357:Equal pay for equal work
2280:Repetitive strain injury
1781:Professional development
1771:Professional association
1453:Letter of recommendation
613:10.1177/1478210319831567
119:
72:non-profit organizations
3166:Beginners and newcomers
3100:Aspects of corporations
3062:Slow movement (culture)
2941:Employer of last resort
2843:Structural unemployment
2781:Frictional unemployment
2220:Epilepsy and employment
2107:Performance-related pay
2041:National average salary
1954:996 working hour system
980:The Wall Street Journal
435:Postdoctoral researcher
177:, business (especially
3110:Aspects of occupations
2916:Unemployment insurance
2868:Unemployment extension
2838:Reserve army of labour
2643:Constructive dismissal
2450:Sleeping while on duty
2415:Exploitation of labour
2297:Sick building syndrome
1468:Personâenvironment fit
1338:Independent contractor
1219:Bloomberg Businessweek
1135:accessed 3 August 2011
403:Experiential education
128:). Internships may be
3120:Aspects of workplaces
2858:Unemployment benefits
2853:Types of unemployment
2791:Graduate unemployment
2685:Letter of resignation
2314:Workers' compensation
2307:Occupational fatality
1811:Vocational university
1411:Employment counsellor
392:Cooperative education
107:that can assist with
32:Internship (medicine)
2926:Job creation program
2702:Mandatory retirement
2655:Employee offboarding
2475:Workplace incivility
2470:Workplace harassment
2245:Occupational disease
2240:Occupational burnout
2155:Disability insurance
1999:Workweek and weekend
1979:Retroactive overtime
1801:Vocational education
1716:Continuing education
1554:Permanent employment
1009:"Fee-based Programs"
327:improve this section
245:Internship for a fee
105:professional network
2831:Recession-proof job
2826:Lists of recessions
2764:Economic depression
2712:Retirement planning
2593:Workâlife interface
2430:Employee monitoring
2398:Corporate behaviour
2388:Accounting scandals
2270:Occupational stress
2260:Occupational injury
1791:Reflective practice
1786:Professional school
1508:Work-at-home scheme
1428:Induction programme
1406:Employment contract
1386:Business networking
919:The Balance Careers
508:2015Natur.522..131W
285:Republic of Ireland
3171:Educational stages
3094:See also templates
2931:Job creation index
2895:Youth unemployment
2759:Discouraged worker
2648:Wrongful dismissal
2628:At-will employment
2501:Civil conscription
2465:Workplace bullying
2352:Affirmative action
2334:Workplace wellness
2265:Occupational noise
1901:Long service leave
1761:Overspecialization
1741:Induction training
1696:Career development
1212:Conlin, Michelle,
840:www.evansville.edu
781:"Insight Programs"
744:The Bowdoin Orient
738:2012-04-06 at the
223:Virtual Internship
204:Unpaid internships
3143:
3142:
3042:Post-work society
3022:Kiss up kick down
2754:Barriers to entry
2719:Severance package
2551:Human trafficking
2445:Sexual harassment
2425:Employee handbook
2344:Equal opportunity
2207:Safety and health
2197:Take-home vehicle
1806:Vocational school
1756:Lifelong learning
1731:Further education
1691:Career counseling
1686:Career assessment
1463:Overqualification
1208:978-1-84467-686-6
425:Pathways Programs
363:
362:
355:
84:vocational school
53:Work Experience (
16:(Redirected from
3188:
3176:Learning methods
3130:Critique of work
3125:Corporate titles
3093:
3092:
3012:Evil corporation
2878:Employment rates
2801:Jobless recovery
2769:Great Depression
2729:Golden parachute
2724:Golden handshake
2521:Job satisfaction
2511:Critique of work
2329:Workplace phobia
2160:Health insurance
2117:Wage compression
2085:Progressive wage
1939:35-hour workweek
1906:No call, no show
1896:Leave of absence
1746:Knowledge worker
1674:Master craftsman
1478:Personality hire
1416:Executive search
1396:Curriculum vitae
1381:Background check
1250:
1243:
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1227:
1226:
1193:, April 11, 2012
1164:
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1151:. Archived from
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445:Service-learning
369:sandwich courses
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155:Paid internships
149:investment banks
93:investment banks
21:
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3139:
3135:Organized labor
3105:Aspects of jobs
3081:
3072:Toxic workplace
3007:Emotional labor
2980:
2904:Public programs
2899:
2816:Great Recession
2786:Full employment
2774:Long Depression
2740:
2638:Banishment room
2614:
2536:Refusal of work
2479:
2403:Corporate crime
2371:
2338:
2201:
2126:
2003:
1925:
1859:
1736:Graduate school
1646:
1568:
1512:
1503:Underemployment
1362:
1306:Self-employment
1281:Contingent work
1271:Academic tenure
1264:Classifications
1259:
1254:
1214:"Intern Abuse?"
1172:
1170:Further reading
1167:
1158:
1156:
1147:
1146:
1139:
1131:
1127:
1118:
1116:
1113:The Bottom Line
1107:
1106:
1102:
1063:
1059:
1050:
1048:
1030:
1026:
1017:
1015:
1007:
1006:
1002:
991:
987:
972:
968:
962:
958:
950:
946:
930:
929:
923:
921:
910:
906:
897:
895:
887:
886:
882:
873:
871:
861:
860:
853:
844:
842:
834:
833:
829:
819:
817:
816:on July 7, 2018
804:
803:
799:
789:
787:
779:
778:
774:
765:
763:
755:
754:
750:
740:Wayback Machine
731:
724:
674:
668:
664:
657:
635:
628:
593:
589:
560:
556:
547:
545:
535:
531:
516:10.1038/522131f
488:
484:
477:
473:
469:
464:
387:Apprenticeships
382:
359:
348:
342:
339:
324:
308:
297:
264:
247:
122:
80:apprenticeships
68:work experience
66:is a period of
60:
47:Work Experience
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3194:
3184:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3096:
3095:
3086:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3057:Sunday scaries
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2988:
2986:
2982:
2981:
2974:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2907:
2905:
2901:
2900:
2898:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2886:
2885:
2880:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2834:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2808:
2806:Phillips curve
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2777:
2776:
2771:
2761:
2756:
2750:
2748:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2738:
2733:
2732:
2731:
2726:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2709:
2707:Retirement age
2704:
2694:
2689:
2688:
2687:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2660:Exit interview
2657:
2652:
2651:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2630:
2624:
2622:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2607:
2606:
2605:
2600:
2590:
2585:
2584:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2487:
2485:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2410:Discrimination
2407:
2406:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2379:
2377:
2373:
2372:
2370:
2369:
2364:
2362:Gender pay gap
2359:
2354:
2348:
2346:
2340:
2339:
2337:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2310:
2309:
2299:
2294:
2293:
2292:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2211:
2209:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2199:
2194:
2193:
2192:
2182:
2177:
2175:Parental leave
2172:
2170:Marriage leave
2167:
2165:Life insurance
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2136:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2093:
2092:
2082:
2081:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2048:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2021:Income bracket
2017:
2015:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1949:Eight-hour day
1946:
1941:
1935:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1846:
1845:
1840:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1814:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1708:
1706:Creative class
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1677:
1676:
1666:
1664:Apprenticeship
1660:
1658:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1632:Scarlet-collar
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1578:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1520:
1518:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1424:
1423:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1372:
1370:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1348:Temporary work
1345:
1340:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1316:Skilled worker
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1267:
1265:
1261:
1260:
1253:
1252:
1245:
1238:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1210:
1196:Perlin, Ross,
1194:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1165:
1137:
1125:
1100:
1073:(4): 435â452.
1057:
1024:
1000:
985:
966:
956:
944:
904:
880:
851:
827:
797:
785:Morgan Stanley
772:
748:
722:
685:(4): 453â480.
662:
655:
626:
607:(8): 945â965.
587:
554:
529:
482:
470:
468:
465:
463:
462:
457:
452:
447:
442:
437:
432:
427:
422:
417:
416:
415:
413:Sub-internship
405:
400:
394:
389:
383:
381:
378:
361:
360:
311:
309:
302:
296:
293:
269:United Kingdom
263:
260:
246:
243:
242:
241:
235:
228:
219:
212:
201:
194:
152:
121:
118:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3193:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3097:
3088:
3087:
3084:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3032:Make-work job
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2978:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2951:Right to work
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2936:Job guarantee
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2921:Make-work job
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2908:
2906:
2902:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2813:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2766:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2743:
2737:
2734:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2717:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2692:Restructuring
2690:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2670:Notice period
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2635:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2621:
2617:
2611:
2608:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2595:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2576:Unfree labour
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2546:Bonded labour
2544:
2543:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2482:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2460:Whistleblower
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2393:Control fraud
2391:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2384:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2374:
2368:
2367:Glass ceiling
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2345:
2341:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2303:
2302:Work accident
2300:
2298:
2295:
2291:
2290:United States
2288:
2287:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2204:
2198:
2195:
2191:
2190:United States
2188:
2187:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2145:Casual Friday
2143:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2129:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2102:Paid time off
2100:
2098:
2097:Overtime rate
2095:
2091:
2088:
2087:
2086:
2083:
2079:
2078:United States
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2059:
2056:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1944:Four-day week
1942:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1862:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1828:Practice firm
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1726:Employability
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1675:
1672:
1671:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1627:Orange-collar
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1574:Working class
1571:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1515:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1448:Job interview
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1365:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1301:Part-time job
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1286:Full-time job
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1251:
1246:
1244:
1239:
1237:
1232:
1231:
1228:
1222:, May 5, 2009
1221:
1220:
1215:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1183:
1178:
1175:Lucas, Clay,
1174:
1173:
1155:on 2012-03-06
1154:
1150:
1144:
1142:
1134:
1129:
1114:
1110:
1104:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1061:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1028:
1014:
1010:
1004:
996:
989:
981:
977:
970:
960:
954:
948:
940:
934:
920:
916:
908:
894:
890:
884:
870:
869:
864:
858:
856:
841:
837:
831:
815:
811:
810:Goldman Sachs
807:
801:
786:
782:
776:
762:
758:
752:
745:
741:
737:
734:
729:
727:
718:
714:
710:
706:
701:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
673:
666:
658:
656:9781452205069
652:
648:
644:
640:
633:
631:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
591:
582:
577:
573:
569:
565:
558:
544:
540:
533:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
502:(7555): 131.
501:
497:
493:
486:
480:
475:
471:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
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2992:Bullshit job
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2746:Unemployment
2598:Downshifting
2581:Wage slavery
2561:Penal labour
2516:Dead-end job
2506:Conscription
2285:Right to sit
2140:Annual leave
2122:Working poor
2058:Minimum wage
2036:Maximum wage
1994:Working time
1984:Six-hour day
1881:Career break
1843:Professional
1637:Black-collar
1607:White-collar
1587:Green-collar
1564:Volunteering
1538:
1401:Drug testing
1391:Cover letter
1331:Tradesperson
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3161:Unpaid work
3156:Internships
2956:Historical:
2680:Resignation
2620:Termination
2603:Slow living
2571:Truck wages
2556:Labour camp
2484:Willingness
2376:Infractions
2031:Living wage
1974:Remote work
1642:Gold-collar
1597:Pink-collar
1592:Grey-collar
1582:Blue-collar
1549:Labour hire
1524:Cooperative
1488:Recruitment
1443:Job hunting
1376:Application
1358:Wage labour
1343:Labour hire
1296:Job sharing
460:Traineeship
281:New Zealand
208:think tanks
191:advertising
171:engineering
3181:Employment
3150:Categories
2890:Wage curve
2697:Retirement
2610:Workaholic
2588:Work ethic
2455:Wage theft
2440:Labour law
2435:Evaluation
2420:Dress code
2185:Sick leave
2150:Child care
2112:Salary cap
2026:Income tax
1989:Shift work
1921:Time clock
1916:Sick leave
1911:Sabbatical
1876:Break room
1864:Attendance
1833:Profession
1818:Mentorship
1796:Retraining
1721:E-learning
1617:New-collar
1612:Red-collar
1559:Supervisor
1539:Internship
1458:Onboarding
1326:Technician
1321:Journeyman
1291:Gig worker
1257:Employment
1159:2020-10-18
1119:2017-11-30
1051:2017-11-30
1018:2021-04-26
924:2021-04-27
898:2021-04-27
874:2017-11-30
845:2017-11-30
766:2017-11-30
700:2152/24733
548:2024-03-08
467:References
420:Fellowship
408:Externship
252:mentorship
238:Returnship
187:technology
179:accounting
114:graduation
64:internship
55:The Office
3077:Workhouse
2997:Busy work
2811:Recession
2675:Pink slip
2633:Dismissal
2496:Careerism
2090:Singapore
2068:Hong Kong
1931:Schedules
1850:Tradesman
1751:Licensure
1711:Education
1681:Avocation
1622:No-collar
1602:Precariat
1483:Probation
1438:Job fraud
1191:Australia
1095:146922898
1087:1057-0314
1046:1091-2339
717:147656080
709:1057-0314
621:1478-2103
524:1476-4687
430:Practicum
343:July 2021
314:does not
277:Australia
134:full-time
130:part-time
97:virtually
2985:See also
2911:Workfare
2736:Turnover
2132:Benefits
2013:salaries
1969:Overtime
1959:Flextime
1891:Gap year
1886:Furlough
1855:Vocation
1838:Operator
1701:Coaching
1656:training
1534:Employer
1529:Employee
1433:Job fair
1311:Side job
933:cite web
820:April 5,
790:April 5,
736:Archived
450:Skintern
380:See also
283:and the
273:Scotland
159:medicine
145:Insights
2961:U.S.A.:
2566:Peonage
2541:Slavery
2491:Boreout
2230:Karoshi
2180:Pension
1964:On-call
1669:Artisan
1353:Laborer
893:Findlaw
504:Bibcode
335:removed
320:sources
183:finance
167:science
126:stipend
2665:Layoff
2215:Crunch
2073:Europe
2063:Canada
2051:Europe
1652:Career
1493:Résumé
1368:Hiring
1276:Casual
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1187:Sydney
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496:Nature
189:, and
89:unpaid
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2526:McJob
2046:World
2009:Wages
1871:Break
1517:Roles
1091:S2CID
1038:Slate
761:FVHCA
713:S2CID
675:(PDF)
120:Types
2011:and
1654:and
1421:list
1204:ISBN
1083:ISSN
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939:link
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792:2020
705:ISSN
651:ISBN
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543:Vice
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1075:doi
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