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2002:
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1025:
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3697:; Bathan, Glynda; Bose-O'Reilly, Stephan; Brauer, Michael; Caravanos, Jack; Chiles, Tom; Cohen, Aaron; Corra, Lilian; Cropper, Maureen; Ferraro, Greg; Hanna, Jill; Hanrahan, David; Hu, Howard; Hunter, David; Janata, Gloria; Kupka, Rachael; Lanphear, Bruce; Lichtveld, Maureen; Martin, Keith; Mustapha, Adetoun; Sanchez-Triana, Ernesto; Sandilya, Karti; Schaefli, Laura; Shaw, Joseph; Seddon, Jessica; Suk, William; Téllez-Rojo, Martha María; Yan, Chonghuai (June 2022).
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1797:, is sometimes referred to as pollution, because raised levels of the gas in the atmosphere are affecting the Earth's climate. Disruption of the environment can also highlight the connection between areas of pollution that would normally be classified separately, such as those of water and air. Recent studies have investigated the potential for long-term rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide to cause slight but critical
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the dirt and smoke produced by the steel manufacturing firm. If external costs exist, such as those created by pollution, the manufacturer will choose to produce more of the product than would be produced if the manufacturer were required to pay all associated environmental costs. Because responsibility or consequence for self-directed action lies partly outside the self, an element of
50:
1808:(IPCC), representing the work of 2,500 scientists, economists, and policymakers from more than 120 countries, confirmed that humans have been the primary cause of global warming since 1950. Humans have ways to cut greenhouse gas emissions and avoid the consequences of global warming, a major climate report concluded. But to change the climate, the transition from
2622:, less of the good may be produced than would be the case if the producer were to receive payment for the external benefits to others. Goods and services that involve negative externalities in production, such as those that produce pollution, tend to be overproduced and underpriced since the externality is not being priced into the market.
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2859:) from air pollution in 2015 at 2.9 years (substantially more than, for example, 0.3 years from all forms of direct violence), it also indicated that a significant fraction of the LLE is unavoidable in terms of current economical-technological feasibility such as aeolian dust and wildfire emission control.
6302:
Akhtar, Muhammad Furqan; Ashraf, Muhammad; Javeed, Aqeel; Anjum, Aftab Ahmad; Sharif, Ali; Saleem, Mohammad; Mustafa, Ghulam; Ashraf, Moneeb; Saleem, Ammara; Akhtar, Bushra (28 February 2018). "Association of textile industry effluent with mutagenicity and its toxic health implications upon acute and
1890:
concluded that energy-related fossil fuel emissions in the United States cause 46,900–59,400 premature deaths each year and PM2.5-related illness and death costs the nation $ 537–$ 678 billion annually. In the US, deaths caused by coal pollution were highest in 1999, but decreased sharply after 2007.
3039:
government brought in its scientists, engineers, and urban planners to not only solve the deficiencies, but to forge Berlin as the world's model city. A British expert in 1906 concluded that Berlin represented "the most complete application of science, order and method of public life," adding "it is
1992:
The health impacts of pollution have both direct and lasting social consequences. A 2021 study found that exposure to pollution causes an increase in violent crime. A 2019 paper linked pollution to adverse school outcomes for children. A number of studies show that pollution has an adverse effect on
1883:
alone because of air pollution. China's high smog levels can damage the human body and cause various diseases. In 2019, air pollution caused 1.67 million deaths in India (17.8% of total deaths nationally). Studies have estimated that the number of people killed annually in the United States could be
1737:
are the source of many chemical substances entering the soil environment (and often groundwater), emanating from the wide variety of refuse accepted, especially substances illegally discarded there, or from pre-1970 landfills that may have been subject to little control in the U.S. or EU. There have
1224:
and now threaten entire ecosystems around the world. Pollutants frequently have outsized impacts on vulnerable populations, such as children and the elderly, and marginalized communities, because polluting industries and toxic waste sites tend to be collocated with populations with less economic and
2613:
in production. A negative externality in production occurs "when a firm's production reduces the well-being of others who are not compensated by the firm." For example, if a laundry firm exists near a polluting steel manufacturing firm, there will be increased costs for the laundry firm because of
1529:
Water pollution, caused by the discharge of industrial wastewater from commercial and industrial waste (intentionally or through spills) into surface waters; discharges of untreated sewage and chemical contaminants, such as chlorine, from treated sewage; and releases of waste and contaminants into
1757:
Plastic pollution is choking our oceans by making plastic gyres, entangling marine animals, poisoning our food and water supply, and ultimately inflicting havoc on the health and well-being of humans and wildlife globally. With the exception of a small amount that has been incinerating, virtually
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Waste-water from the houses collected in the gutters running alongside the curbs and emitted a truly fearsome smell. There were no public toilets in the streets or squares. Visitors, especially women, often became desperate when nature called. In the public buildings the sanitary facilities were
1732:
Chlorinated hydrocarbons (CFH), heavy metals (such as chromium, cadmium – found in rechargeable batteries, and lead – found in lead paint, aviation fuel, and even in certain countries, gasoline), MTBE, zinc, arsenic, and benzene are some of the most frequent soil contaminants. A series of press
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from pollution; otherwise, there would be no incentive to pollute. This utility may come from the consumption of goods and services that inherently create pollution (albeit the level can vary) or lower prices or lower required efforts (or inconvenience) to abandon or substitute these goods and
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defines pollution as "Any substances in water, soil, or air that degrade the natural quality of the environment, offend the senses of sight, taste, or smell, or cause a health hazard. The usefulness of the natural resource is usually impaired by the presence of pollutants and contaminants." In
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Because of the impacts of these chemicals, local and international countries' policy have increasingly sought to regulate pollutants, resulting in increasing air and water quality standards, alongside regulation of specific waste streams. Regional and national policy is typically supervised by
1851:
Pollution affects humans in every part of the world. An
October 2017 study by the Lancet Commission on Pollution and Health found that global pollution, specifically toxic air, water, soil and workplaces, kills nine million people annually, which is triple the number of deaths caused by AIDS,
1753:
Pollution can also occur as a result of natural disasters. Hurricanes, for example, frequently result in sewage contamination and petrochemical spills from burst boats or automobiles. When coastal oil rigs or refineries are involved, larger-scale and environmental damage is not unusual. When
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which can cause large economic problems. The problem usually occurs when there is no division of ownership rights. This means that the problem of pollution is largely caused because of incomplete information about which company pollutes and at what scale the damage was caused by the
6446:
Behera, Meerambika; Nayak, Jayato; Banerjee, Shirsendu; Chakrabortty, Sankha; Tripathy, Suraj K. (1 August 2021). "A review on the treatment of textile industry waste effluents towards the development of efficient mitigation strategy: An integrated system design approach".
3244:
in 1984 have demonstrated the universality of such events and the scale on which efforts to address them needed to engage. The borderless nature of atmosphere and oceans inevitably resulted in the implication of pollution on a planetary level with the issue of
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among others. Though their effects remain somewhat less well understood owing to a lack of experimental data, they have been detected in various ecological habitats far removed from industrial activity such as the Arctic, demonstrating diffusion and
2625:
Pollution can also create costs for the firms producing the pollution. Sometimes firms choose, or are forced by regulation, to reduce the amount of pollution that they are producing. The associated costs of doing this are called abatement costs, or
2835:
to determine which level of pollution is deemed the social optimum. For economists, pollution is an "external cost and occurs only when one or more individuals suffer a loss of welfare". There is a socially optimal level of pollution at which
2180:
from the adverse effects of pollution, many nations worldwide have enacted legislation to regulate various types of pollution as well as to mitigate the adverse effects of pollution. At the local level, regulation usually is supervised by
3059:
took issue with air pollution caused by coal burning, water pollution caused by bad sanitation, and street pollution caused by the three million horses who worked in
American cities in 1900, generating large quantities of urine and
2874:
intersect gives the socially optimal level of pollution. At this point, the quantity will be lower and the price will be higher in comparison to the free market equilibrium. Therefore, the free market outcome could be considered a
1733:
reports published in 2001, culminating in the publication of the book
Fateful Harvest, revealed a widespread practise of recycling industrial leftovers into fertilizer, resulting in metal poisoning of the soil. Ordinary municipal
2642:, an international non-for-profit organization dedicated to eliminating life-threatening pollution in the developing world, issues an annual list of some of the world's most polluting industries. Below is the list for 2016:
2759:, causing "carcinogenic, mutagenic, genotoxic, cytotoxic and allergenic threats to living organisms". The textile industry uses over 8000 chemicals in its supply chain, also polluting the environment with large amounts of
2204:
The modern environmental regulatory environment has its origins in the United States with the beginning of industrial regulations around Air and Water pollution connected to industry and mining during the 1960s and 1970s.
1216:, having systematic impact on social and economic systems. In 2019, pollution killed approximately nine million people worldwide (about one in six deaths that year); about three-quarters of these deaths were caused by
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3094:
from atomic warfare and testing. Then a non-nuclear event – the Great Smog of 1952 in London – killed at least 4000 people. This prompted some of the first major modern environmental legislation: the
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1576:, which are capable of killing humans at concentrations of less than 1 part per thousand. Volcanic emissions also include fine and ultrafine particles which may contain toxic chemicals and substances such as
3750:; Bathan, Glynda; Bose-O'Reilly, Stephan; Brauer, Michael; Caravanos, Jack; Chiles, Tom; Cohen, Aaron; Corra, Lilian; Cropper, Maureen; Ferraro, Greg; Hanna, Jill; Hanrahan, David; Hu, Howard (17 May 2022).
1918:. In 2013 over 10 million people in India fell ill with waterborne illnesses in 2013, and 1,535 people died, most of them children. As of 2007, nearly 500 million Chinese lack access to safe drinking water.
10358:
10203:
5242:; Bathan, Glynda; Bose-O'Reilly, Stephan; Brauer, Michael; Caravanos, Jack; Chiles, Tom; Cohen, Aaron; Corra, Lilian; Cropper, Maureen; Ferraro, Greg; Hanna, Jill; Hanrahan, David; Hu, Howard (June 2022).
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form, such as radio and television transmissions, Wi-fi etc. Although there is no demonstrable effect on humans there can be interference with radio-astronomy and effects on safety systems of aircraft and
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1852:
tuberculosis and malaria combined, and 15 times higher than deaths caused by wars and other forms of human violence. The study concluded that "pollution is one of the great existential challenges of the
10316:
10111:
5071:; Mathur, Prashant; Dey, Sagnik; Turkgulu, Burak; Kumar, G Anil; Khare, Mukesh; Beig, Gufran; Gupta, Tarun; Krishnankutty, Rinu P; Causey, Kate; Cohen, Aaron J; Bhargava, Stuti (21 December 2020).
7239:
Falchi, Fabio; Cinzano, Pierantonio; Duriscoe, Dan; Kyba, Christopher C. M.; Elvidge, Christopher D.; Baugh, Kimberly; Portnov, Boris A.; Rybnikova, Nataliya A.; Furgoni, Riccardo (1 June 2016).
3205:, especially in the earlier stages of their development. The toll on the worst-affected populations and the growth since then in understanding about the critical threat to human health posed by
5212:
10223:
9646:
7187:
6252:
Kishor, Roop; Purchase, Diane; Saratale, Ganesh
Dattatraya; Saratale, Rijuta Ganesh; Ferreira, Luiz Fernando Romanholo; Bilal, Muhammad; Chandra, Ram; Bharagava, Ram Naresh (1 April 2021).
1560:, which during eruptions release large quantities of harmful gases into the atmosphere. Volcanic gases include carbon dioxide, which can be fatal in large concentrations and contributes to
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2870:
If the social costs of pollution are higher than the private costs incurred by the firm, then the true supply curve will be higher. The point at which the social marginal cost and market
6225:
Madhav, Sughosh; Ahamad, Arif; Singh, Pardeep; Mishra, Pradeep Kumar (March 2018). "A review of textile industry: Wet processing, environmental impacts, and effluent treatment methods".
4087:
2855:
Moreover, the feasibility of pollution reduction rates could also be a factor of calculating optimal levels. While a study puts the global mean loss of life expectancy (LLE; similar to
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considers pollution to be the "presence of substances and heat in environmental media (air, water, land) whose nature, location, or quantity produces undesirable environmental effects."
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805:
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in 1272, after its smoke became a problem; the fuel was so common in
England that this earliest of names for it was acquired because it could be carted away from some shores by the
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10353:
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could exist for hundreds or even thousands of years. If plastic production is not circumscribed, plastic pollution will be disastrous and will eventually outweigh fish in oceans.
979:
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10390:
10208:
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that many or most market-driven companies use despite "eco-friendly alternatives". Textile industry wastewater is considered to be one the largest polluters of water and soil
1684:. Agricultural air pollution comes from contemporary practices which include clear felling and burning of natural vegetation as well as spraying of pesticides and herbicides.
1534:
flowing to surface waters (including urban runoff and agricultural runoff, which may contain chemical fertilizers and pesticides, as well as human feces from open defecation).
5302:
3288:
Pollution introduced by light at night is becoming a global problem, more severe in urban centres, but nonetheless contaminating also large territories, far away from towns.
1758:
every piece of plastic that was ever made in the past still exists in one form or another. And since most of the plastics do not biodegrade in any meaningful sense, all that
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3064:. As historian Martin Melosi notes, the generation that first saw automobiles replacing the horses saw cars as "miracles of cleanliness". By the 1940s, automobile-caused
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services. Therefore, it is important that policymakers attempt to balance these indirect benefits with the costs of pollution in order to achieve an efficient outcome.
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were the first two
American cities to enact laws ensuring cleaner air in 1881. Pollution became a major issue in the United States in the early twentieth century, as
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9639:
5129:
4953:
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10178:
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2396:, Germany. The framework includes 28 targets, for example, to "end the use of hazardous pesticides in agriculture where the risks have not been managed" by 2035.
7131:
Friedman, Sharon M. (2011). "Three Mile Island, Chernobyl, and
Fukushima: An analysis of traditional and new media coverage of nuclear accidents and radiation".
2940:" found on ceilings of prehistoric caves provides ample evidence of the high levels of pollution that was associated with inadequate ventilation of open fires."
2193:
about pollution. Historically, polluters will lobby governments in less economically developed areas or countries to maintain lax regulation in order to protect
1914:
is an issue, for example, over 732 million
Indians (56% of the population) and over 92 million Ethiopians (92.9% of the population) do not have access to basic
9502:
5008:
Maji, Kamal Jyoti; Arora, Mohit; Dikshit, Anil Kumar (1 April 2017). "Burden of disease attributed to ambient PM2.5 and PM10 exposure in 190 cities in China".
4500:
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10287:
4269:
Trejos, Erika M.; Silva, Luis F. O.; Hower, James C.; Flores, Eriko M. M.; González, Carlos Mario; Pachón, Jorge E.; Aristizábal, Beatriz H. (1 March 2021).
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1598:, are also a significant source of air pollution. Wildfire smoke contains significant quantities of both carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, which can cause
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4451:
3922:
3277:. It and other garbage patches contain debris that can trsonport invasive species and that can entangle and be ingested by wildlife. Organizations such as
2986:
It was the
Industrial Revolution that gave birth to environmental pollution as we know it today. London also recorded one of the earlier extreme cases of
1091:
that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of any substance (solid, liquid, or gas) or energy (such as radioactivity, heat, sound, or light).
10183:
10047:
10037:
9655:
6254:"Ecotoxicological and health concerns of persistent coloring pollutants of textile industry wastewater and treatment approaches for environmental safety"
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1812:
like coal and oil needs to occur within decades, according to the final report this year from the UN's
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).
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3086:
Air pollution would continue to be a problem in England, especially later during the industrial revolution, and extending into the recent past with the
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10293:
9778:
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Data sources: Markandya & Wilkinson (2007); UNSCEAR (2008; 2018); Sovacool et al. (2016); IPCC AR5 (2014); Pehl et al. (2017); Ember Energy (2021).
5891:
11378:
5547:
Li, Teng; Liu, Haoming; Salvo, Alberto (29 May 2015). "Severe Air Pollution and Labor Productivity". Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network.
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if measured by each additional unit. In 2005 pollution abatement capital expenditures and operating costs in the US amounted to nearly $ 27 billion.
10281:
9680:
9675:
7369:– tracks how much waste US companies release into the water and air. Gives permits for releasing specific quantities of these pollutants each year.
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accidents occur, some pollution sources, such as nuclear power stations or oil ships, can create extensive and potentially catastrophic emissions.
10173:
9758:
8714:
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2331:, heating, agriculture, mining, manufacturing, transportation and other human activities, whether they accumulate or disperse, will degrade the
2207:
Because many of pollutants have trans-boundary impacts, the UN and other treaty bodies have been used to regulate pollutants that circulate as
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989:
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Hong, Sungmin; et al. (1996). "History of Ancient Copper Smelting Pollution During Roman and Medieval Times Recorded in Greenland Ice".
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Other cities followed around the country until early in the 20th century, when the short lived Office of Air Pollution was created under the
2050:
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10348:
10022:
2223:, which banned Ozone depleting chemicals in 1987, with more recent agreements focusing on broader, more widely dispersed chemicals such as
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impose health and clean-up costs on the whole of society. A manufacturing activity that causes air pollution is an example of a negative
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755:
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could be developed and enforced to control pollution. A review concluded that there is a lack of attention and action such as work on a
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The burning of coal and wood, and the presence of many horses in concentrated areas made the cities the primary sources of pollution.
10131:
10057:
9730:
8998:
6040:
5157:"Nationwide and Regional PM2.5-Related Air Quality Health Benefits From the Removal of Energy-Related Emissions in the United States"
1805:
4210:
Ahmed, Jebin; Thakur, Abhijeet; Goyal, Arun (2021), Shah, Maulin P (ed.), "CHAPTER 1. Industrial Wastewater and Its Toxic Effects",
3102:
Pollution began to draw major public attention in the United States between the mid-1950s and early 1970s, when Congress passed the
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9999:
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are generated each year. The United States alone produces about 250 million metric tons. Americans constitute less than 5% of the
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Dr A. Shadwell (Industrial Efficiency, London, 1906) describes it as representing "the most complete application of science.... "
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1856:
era. Pollution endangers the stability of the Earth's support systems and threatens the continuing survival of human societies."
1673:
1278:
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far exceeded viability of neighborhoods to handle their waste problem. Reformers began to demand sewer systems and clean water.
2743:
world of mostly free market dominated socioeconomic systems. Chemically polluted textile wastewater degrades the quality of the
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10420:
10415:
10298:
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unbelievably primitive....As a metropolis, Berlin did not emerge from a state of barbarism into civilization until after 1870.
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pose a lingering specter of public mistrust. Worldwide publicity has been intense on those disasters. Widespread support for
2017:
1098:
Although environmental pollution can be caused by natural events, the word pollution generally implies that the contaminants
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10380:
10333:
10228:
10017:
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9763:
9130:
7883:
7695:
4683:
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248:
17:
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375:
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3213:. Though extreme care is practiced in that industry, the potential for disaster suggested by incidents such as those at
2947:
appears to be a key turning point in the creation of significant air pollution levels outside the home. Core samples of
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10265:
10106:
10086:
9602:
8613:
8590:
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7343:– Geographic Information System (GIS) that uses maps of the United States to help users visually explore data from the
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3222:
2907:
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325:
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is maximized. This is because consumers derive utility from the good or service manufactured, which will outweigh the
2793:, beyond being a major driver of climate change whereby greenhouse gases are considered per se as a form of pollution
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6354:
Nimkar, Ullhas (1 February 2018). "Sustainable chemistry: A solution to the textile industry in a developing world".
4844:
3342:
3115:
825:
730:
38:
6391:"Pollution characteristics and fate of microfibers in the wastewater from textile dyeing wastewater treatment plant"
1886:
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9008:
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Lelieveld, Jos; Pozzer, Andrea; Pöschl, Ulrich; Fnais, Mohammed; Haines, Andy; Münzel, Thomas (1 September 2020).
4113:
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10772:
10749:
10140:
10121:
9984:
9573:
9507:
9024:
8328:
8065:
7455:
7384:
7375:– Top 20 pollutants, how they affect people, what US industries use them and the products in which they are found
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3451:
3300:
2790:
2556:
2531:
1969:
have been shown to cause neurological problems, intellectual disabilities and behavioural problems. Chemical and
1958:
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1099:
1060:
770:
533:
115:
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Growing evidence of local and global pollution and an increasingly informed public over time have given rise to
2789:
Outdoor air pollution attributable to fossil fuel use alone causes ~3.61 million deaths annually, making it one
11599:
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11368:
11180:
11077:
10838:
10739:
10652:
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10145:
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says that the meat and dairy industries are poised to surpass the oil industry as the world's worst polluters.
1739:
1717:
1352:
1226:
7324:
1095:, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants.
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11022:
10136:
9783:
8988:
8663:
8638:
7943:
7328:
5363:
5073:"Health and economic impact of air pollution in the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019"
4873:
3800:
3503:
3161:
3107:
2948:
1880:
1707:
1652:, and Japan are the world leaders in air pollution emissions. Principal stationary pollution sources include
1258:
1005:
455:
11681:
5213:"Particulate pollution from coal associated with double the risk of mortality than PM2.5 from other sources"
3144:
on consumption of its fish in 1974. National news stories in the late 1970s – especially the long-term
2844:
of pollution until a certain point. At this point the damage of one extra unit of pollution to society, the
2773:
to commit to achieving zero discharges of hazardous chemicals by 2020 (global goal) appears to have failed.
1961:. Those with heart or lung disorders are at additional risk. Children and infants are also at serious risk.
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10843:
10375:
10370:
8114:
7863:
7843:
7595:
7121:
Lenssen, "Nuclear Waste: The Problem that Won't Go Away", Worldwatch Institute, Washington, D.C., 1991: 15.
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and the large volume of industrial chemical discharges added to the growing load of untreated human waste.
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2224:
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change in natural water bodies caused by human influence, such as use of water as coolant in a power plant.
1483:
1162:
543:
395:
370:
165:
6170:"A review on the sustainability of textile industries wastewater with and without treatment methodologies"
6122:
Niinimäki, Kirsi; Peters, Greg; Dahlbo, Helena; Perry, Patsy; Rissanen, Timo; Gwilt, Alison (April 2020).
4725:
Beychok, Milton R. (January 1987). "A data base for dioxin and furan emissions from refuse incinerators".
3090:. Awareness of atmospheric pollution spread widely after World War II, with fears triggered by reports of
3043:
The emergence of great factories and consumption of immense quantities of coal gave rise to unprecedented
2882:
This model can be used as a basis to evaluate different methods of internalizing the externality, such as
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World Resources Institute: August 2008 Monthly Update: Air Pollution's Causes, Consequences and Solutions
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2005:
1503:
1402:: the criminal throwing of inappropriate man-made objects, unremoved, onto public and private properties.
654:
405:
11749:
6541:
Lelieveld, J.; Klingmüller, K.; Pozzer, A.; Burnett, R. T.; Haines, A.; Ramanathan, V. (25 March 2019).
3523:
2763:
and has been identified in one review as the industry sector producing the largest amount of pollution.
11625:
11333:
11258:
11163:
10699:
10245:
10116:
9845:
9710:
9419:
8844:
8777:
8647:
8547:
8470:
7878:
7708:
7538:
3436:
3357:
3214:
2482:
1053:
410:
260:
31:
5783:
4141:"Freshwater Pollution in Some Nigerian Local Communities, Causes, Consequences and Probable Solutions"
3281:
and the Algalita Marine Research Foundation have researched the Great Pacific Garbage Patch and found
11455:
11450:
11318:
11017:
10724:
10682:
10646:
10553:
9687:
9329:
9153:
8942:
8834:
8350:
8308:
8270:
7835:
7629:
4389:
4341:
4140:
3588:
3176:
2332:
2177:
2012:
1471:
1374:
1370:
1194:
1135:
785:
750:
710:
363:
330:
180:
6735:"Loss of life expectancy from air pollution compared to other risk factors: a worldwide perspective"
5573:
4566:
4004:
3040:
a marvel of civic administration, the most modern and most perfectly organized city that there is."
2219:. Early international agreements were successful at addressing Global Environmental issues, such as
11293:
10992:
10704:
10600:
9334:
9123:
8917:
8866:
8861:
8856:
8345:
7868:
7809:
7720:
7348:
7214:
5735:"Low-cost air, noise, and light pollution measuring station with wireless communication and tinyML"
5733:
Botero-Valencia, J.S.; Barrantes-Toro, C.; Marquez-Viloria, D.; Pearce, Joshua M. (December 2023).
4663:
4168:
Englande, A.J.; Krenkel, Peter; Shamas, J. (2015), "Wastewater Treatment &Water Reclamation☆",
3312:
3133:
2504:
2420:
2312:
1771:
1465:
780:
400:
335:
272:
4546:
2823:
2472:
1478:, such as nuclear power generation and nuclear weapons research, manufacture and deployment. (See
11698:
11564:
11491:
11323:
10343:
10255:
10155:
9276:
8829:
8752:
8557:
8323:
7853:
7404:
5907:
4954:"Global pollution is the world's biggest killer and a threat to survival of mankind, study finds"
4786:
3352:
2832:
2770:
2627:
2571:
2561:
2499:
2240:
2094:) that can alter soil and chemical compositions of an environment, often reducing native species
1649:
1642:
1630:
1507:
1453:
810:
765:
385:
2720:
1921:
Acute exposure to certain pollutants can have short and long term effects. Oil spills can cause
1714:, while still far behind based on per capita pollution (ranked 78th among the world's nations).
11587:
11559:
11338:
11062:
10548:
10459:
9809:
9659:
9445:
9403:
9398:
9281:
9158:
8886:
8516:
7906:
6954:
3518:
3296:
2999:
2740:
2244:
1950:
1868:
1646:
1634:
1440:
occurs when chemicals are released by spill or underground leakage. Among the most significant
1230:
1220:. A 2022 literature review found that levels of anthropogenic chemical pollution have exceeded
1119:
1115:
948:
435:
9624:
6790:
Spengler, John D.; Sexton, K. A. (1983). "Indoor Air Pollution: A Public Health Perspective".
6543:"Effects of fossil fuel and total anthropogenic emission removal on public health and climate"
5552:
4032:
1826:
1269:
Various definitions of pollution exist, which may or may not recognize certain types, such as
1161:
in the later half of the 20th century. Sites where historically polluting industries released
11544:
11328:
10863:
10764:
10657:
10506:
10308:
9512:
9376:
9215:
8851:
8723:
8486:
8318:
8194:
8102:
7792:
7685:
7485:
7001:
6096:"Meat and dairy companies to surpass oil industry as world's biggest polluters, report finds"
5560:
5349:
4591:
3533:
3468:
2767:
2752:
2656:
2646:
2494:
2382:
2362:
2095:
1692:
1519:
918:
760:
626:
538:
235:
7083:
6973:. Vol. 03 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 785–791, see page 786.
6881:
5784:"Low cost air pollution monitoring systems: A review of protocols and enabling technologies"
5589:"The Effect of Pollution on Worker Productivity: Evidence from Call Center Workers in China"
4859:(graph on Mongabay website page based on Energy Information Administration's tabulated data)
1838:
11519:
11303:
11168:
11134:
11082:
10907:
10902:
10848:
10804:
10694:
10632:
10521:
10516:
9542:
9497:
9465:
9460:
9386:
9361:
9317:
8839:
8824:
8819:
8293:
7948:
7644:
7366:
7264:
7140:
6846:
6801:
6556:
5699:
5687:
5447:"Does Pollution Drive Achievement? The Effect of Traffic Pollution on Academic Performance"
5239:
5168:
5068:
5017:
4734:
4282:
3874:
3747:
3694:
3573:
3337:
3327:
3322:
3184:
3080:
2951:
indicate increases in pollution associated with Greek, Roman, and Chinese metal production.
2639:
2615:
2548:
2269:
2198:
2186:
2182:
2022:
1911:
1289:
1242:
1221:
1213:
460:
193:
5389:
5155:
Mailloux, Nicholas A.; Abel, David W.; Holloway, Tracey; Patz, Jonathan A. (16 May 2022).
4856:
8:
11732:
11529:
11524:
11298:
11097:
11087:
10922:
10531:
10365:
9613:
9391:
9222:
9173:
9116:
8912:
8737:
8360:
8298:
8265:
8204:
8136:
8001:
7996:
7974:
7548:
6515:
3157:
3091:
2963:
2477:
2062:
2001:
1934:
1864:
1798:
1143:
1088:
795:
740:
705:
631:
558:
508:
503:
488:
145:
7268:
7144:
6850:
6805:
6560:
6066:
5759:
5734:
5703:
5172:
5021:
4738:
4286:
3878:
3638:
Gaur, Nidhi; Sharma, Swati; Yadav, Nitin (2024). "Chapter 2 - Environmental pollution".
11785:
11639:
11151:
10734:
10583:
10096:
9925:
9517:
9455:
9243:
9232:
9210:
9205:
9194:
9084:
8967:
8673:
8634:
8567:
8542:
8537:
8355:
8232:
8026:
7898:
7662:
7533:
7460:
7397:
7293:
7254:
7240:
7156:
6862:
6767:
6734:
6713:
6663:
6592:
6579:
6542:
6472:
6428:
6336:
6284:
6207:
5668:
5640:
5621:
5524:
5491:
5472:
5427:
5189:
5156:
5105:
5049:
4986:
4816:
4760:
4318:
4196:
4177:
3992:
3895:
3862:
3728:
3647:
3428:
3274:
3218:
3096:
3087:
2415:
2336:
2216:
2119:
1677:
1437:
1328:
1190:
1029:
790:
666:
428:
210:
150:
120:
67:
6959:
5641:"Severe Air Pollution and Labor Productivity: Evidence from Industrial Towns in China"
5260:
5243:
5088:
4371:
3768:
3751:
3715:
3698:
3612:
11313:
11308:
11236:
11185:
10959:
10939:
10927:
10887:
10858:
10826:
10744:
10637:
10605:
10501:
9492:
9366:
9259:
9168:
9079:
8927:
8562:
8422:
8242:
8151:
8119:
8036:
7989:
7916:
7888:
7657:
7652:
7450:
7298:
7280:
7160:
7007:
6866:
6837:
6817:
6792:
6772:
6754:
6701:
6691:
6651:
6641:
6584:
6476:
6464:
6420:
6412:
6371:
6328:
6320:
6288:
6276:
6199:
6191:
6143:
5997:
5987:
5964:
5954:
5828:
5803:
5764:
5715:
5660:
5613:
5548:
5529:
5511:
5476:
5431:
5419:
5273:
5265:
5194:
5110:
5092:
5041:
5033:
4820:
4808:
4746:
4606:
4516:
4506:
4445:
4322:
4310:
4225:
4181:
3978:
3900:
3781:
3773:
3732:
3720:
3553:
3409:
3103:
3003:
2925:
2895:
2744:
2686:
2666:
2370:
2316:
2220:
2194:
2190:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1622:
use (areas of rectangles in chart) greatly exceed those resulting from production of
1614:
1585:
1489:
1427:
1389:
1198:
1186:
1150:
1131:
678:
601:
594:
548:
415:
205:
200:
110:
6596:
6432:
6211:
6123:
5672:
5053:
4913:
1169:
long after the source of the pollution is stopped. Major forms of pollution include
11478:
11231:
11190:
11002:
10977:
10789:
10719:
10563:
10439:
9667:
9568:
9563:
9349:
9344:
9227:
9183:
8972:
8962:
8957:
8947:
8932:
8506:
8407:
8365:
8333:
8227:
8181:
8141:
8048:
8016:
7984:
7969:
7953:
7928:
7713:
7667:
7288:
7272:
7245:
7148:
6854:
6809:
6762:
6746:
6574:
6564:
6456:
6402:
6363:
6340:
6312:
6268:
6234:
6181:
6135:
5795:
5754:
5746:
5707:
5652:
5625:
5603:
5519:
5503:
5462:
5454:
5409:
5401:
5255:
5184:
5176:
5100:
5084:
5025:
4798:
4742:
4681:
Ranking of the world's countries by 2008 per capita fossil-fuel CO2 emission rates.
4300:
4290:
4215:
4191:
4173:
4148:
3890:
3882:
3763:
3710:
3643:
3478:
3317:
3292:
3036:
2911:
2849:
2766:
A campaign of big clothing brands like Nike, Adidas and Puma to voluntarily reform
2736:
2671:
2594:
2537:
2526:
2455:
2340:
2281:
2083:
2032:
1876:
1623:
1595:
1573:
1499:
1441:
1417:
1336:
1206:
1166:
1111:
938:
835:
775:
661:
614:
563:
523:
498:
483:
465:
440:
380:
265:
215:
6389:
Xu, Xia; Hou, Qingtong; Xue, Yingang; Jian, Yun; Wang, LiPing (20 November 2018).
5732:
4932:
4904:
Submitted by Matt Kallman on Wed, 20 August 2008 18:22. Retrieved on 17 April 2009
4626:
4474:
1879:. A 2010 analysis estimated that 1.2 million people died prematurely each year in
11539:
11241:
11044:
11037:
10972:
10912:
10794:
10784:
10714:
10687:
10672:
10627:
10617:
10568:
10250:
10009:
9578:
9339:
8891:
8812:
8742:
8370:
8280:
8246:
8131:
8085:
8011:
7938:
7858:
7761:
7703:
7558:
6858:
6100:
5822:
4939:
4920:
4901:
4840:
4687:
4602:
4553:
4396:
3616:
3563:
3460:
3263:
3241:
3198:
3111:
3056:
2751:. The pollution comes from the type of conduct of chemical treatments used e.g.,
2748:
2681:
2582:
2374:
2328:
2248:
2212:
1903:
1899:
1891:
The number dropped by about 95% by 2020, as coal plants have been closed or have
1688:
1405:
1385:
1320:
1270:
1202:
1182:
1174:
723:
683:
553:
518:
450:
390:
318:
255:
155:
8787:
7104:
Judith A. Layzer, "Love Canal: hazardous waste and politics of fear" in Layzer,
6367:
6168:
Pattnaik, Punyasloka; Dangayach, G. S.; Bhardwaj, Awadhesh Kumar (1 June 2018).
5072:
4680:
4220:
4153:
3035:
The primitive conditions were intolerable for a world national capital, and the
2251:
monitor pollution with an expanding list of low-cost pollution monitoring tools.
1552:
Air pollution produced by ships may alter clouds, affecting global temperatures.
1434:
in the environment that adversely affects wildlife, wildlife habitat, or humans.
1225:
political power. This outsized impact is a core reason for the formation of the
11651:
11226:
11012:
10949:
10934:
10917:
10875:
10677:
10558:
9583:
9034:
9029:
8683:
8417:
8303:
8260:
8254:
8250:
8095:
8080:
8031:
8021:
7933:
7787:
7543:
7514:
6548:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
6460:
6272:
5848:
4363:
3863:"Outside the Safe Operating Space of the Planetary Boundary for Novel Entities"
3558:
3528:
3483:
3414:
3374:
3246:
3153:
2876:
2589:
2543:
2467:
2462:
2297:
2236:
2140:
2136:
2115:
2101:
2077:
2073:
2058:
1962:
1830:
1794:
1790:
1696:
1681:
1653:
1561:
1531:
1475:
1413:
1332:
1324:
1297:
1283:
1274:
1041:
845:
745:
700:
693:
688:
445:
140:
6316:
6139:
5799:
5750:
5388:
Herrnstadt, Evan; Heyes, Anthony; Muehlegger, Erich; Saberian, Soodeh (2021).
5029:
4894:
4803:
4336:
4295:
4270:
3832:"Global pollution kills 9m a year and threatens 'survival of human societies'"
3187:
as the "most polluted spot" on earth – served as a disposal site for the
2862:
In markets with pollution, or other negative externalities in production, the
1843:
1606:
are found within wildfire smoke as well, which pose a health risk to animals.
11779:
11634:
11534:
11413:
11221:
11195:
11072:
11032:
10997:
10987:
10967:
10709:
10667:
10642:
10590:
10578:
10573:
10482:
9322:
9271:
8896:
8757:
8668:
8437:
8338:
8124:
8053:
7825:
7573:
7437:
7284:
7152:
6964:
6758:
6705:
6468:
6416:
6375:
6324:
6280:
6195:
6147:
6001:
5968:
5912:
5879:
Management of Water Discharges: Design and Operations of Oil–Water Separators
5807:
5719:
5664:
5617:
5515:
5423:
5269:
5096:
5037:
4812:
4314:
4125:
3777:
3661:
3583:
3473:
3385:
3282:
3210:
3206:
3180:
3169:
3044:
2987:
2921:
2887:
2845:
2760:
2691:
2661:
2619:
2606:
2440:
2285:
2208:
2040:
1847:
Overview of main health effects on humans from some common types of pollution
1759:
1669:
1665:
1479:
1431:
1409:
1312:
1217:
1170:
1139:
1103:
1024:
860:
350:
345:
340:
98:
7334:
6906:
6813:
6655:
6569:
6186:
6169:
5390:"Air Pollution and Criminal Activity: Microgeographic Evidence from Chicago"
3886:
3179:, which can remain lethally radioactive for hundreds of thousands of years.
3164:
legislation of 1980. The pollution of industrial land gave rise to the name
2392:
aiming to reduce pollution was agreed during an international conference in
2125:
Soil can become infertile and unsuitable for plants. This will affect other
1776:
11554:
10982:
10831:
10821:
10799:
10729:
10622:
10536:
9371:
8952:
8881:
8772:
8458:
8432:
8412:
8236:
8199:
8163:
7799:
7746:
7622:
7578:
7563:
7492:
7302:
7276:
6776:
6588:
6424:
6332:
6203:
5930:
5768:
5533:
5507:
5277:
5198:
5114:
5045:
3904:
3836:
3805:
3785:
3724:
3578:
3368:
3258:
3188:
3137:
3014:
2995:
2519:
2348:
2114:
and haze can reduce the amount of sunlight received by plants to carry out
2087:
2036:
1981:
1930:
1853:
1809:
1661:
1657:
1603:
1523:
1515:
1449:
1393:
1378:
1316:
1305:
1234:
1107:
893:
855:
840:
671:
636:
581:
300:
160:
11715:
7175:
Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Background and Current Developments
6821:
6750:
4933:
Pennsylvania State University > Potential Health Effects of Pesticides.
2967:
2284:, decomposes hazard gases from industrial air streams at a factory in the
11549:
11246:
10944:
10853:
10816:
9824:
9254:
8395:
8390:
8075:
8070:
8041:
8006:
7979:
7509:
7028:
6611:"18.1 Maximizing the Net Benefits of Pollution | Principles of Economics"
6407:
6390:
5656:
5608:
5587:
Neidell, Matthew; Gross, Tal; Graff Zivin, Joshua; Chang, Tom Y. (2019).
5405:
5180:
4923:
By Patricia L. Meinhardt, MD, MPH, MA, Author. Retrieved on 16 April 2009
3548:
3233:
3069:
2991:
2975:
2863:
2841:
2776:
2610:
2514:
2265:
2091:
2045:
1970:
1966:
1860:
1619:
1599:
1569:
1493:
1445:
1348:
1250:
1084:
815:
513:
493:
130:
8692:
5588:
5414:
4271:"Volcanic emissions and atmospheric pollution: A study of nanoparticles"
4245:"Volcanic gases can be harmful to health, vegetation and infrastructure"
3948:"Targeting minority, low-income neighborhoods for hazardous waste sites"
3079:. Extreme smog events were experienced by the cities of Los Angeles and
2292:
2239:
in 1997 which initiated collaboration on addressing greenhouse gases to
1304:
The major forms of pollution are listed below along with the particular
1153:
during the 19th and 20th centuries until the emergence of environmental
11175:
10897:
10068:
9139:
8572:
8189:
7504:
7497:
7480:
7465:
7372:
6238:
5467:
5328:
5321:"Over 1,500 lives lost to diarrhoea in 2013, delay in treatment blamed"
4467:"Top 20 Emitting Countries by Total Fossil-Fuel CO2 Emissions for 2009"
3923:"Chemical pollution has passed safe limit for humanity, say scientists"
3666:"Pollution killing 9 million people a year, Africa hardest hit - study"
3488:
3398:
3165:
3149:
3121:
3052:
2891:
2450:
2445:
2276:
2105:
1974:
1922:
1915:
1461:
1457:
1356:
1254:
1154:
865:
621:
125:
6999:
5711:
4305:
2727:
1680:
factories, metals production factories, plastics factories, and other
11273:
11092:
10543:
9309:
8937:
8807:
8767:
8762:
8501:
8453:
8427:
8375:
8209:
8171:
7921:
7911:
7583:
7445:
4958:
4787:"Pervasive Pollution Problems Caused by Plastics and its Degradation"
4416:
4367:
3538:
2756:
2566:
2405:
2366:
2320:
2144:
1954:
1892:
1863:
can kill many organisms, including humans. Ozone pollution can cause
1565:
1399:
1092:
933:
888:
850:
800:
735:
641:
105:
11766:
5446:
5127:
2827:
A visual comparison of the free market and socially optimal outcomes
2021:
found that levels of anthropogenic chemical pollution have exceeded
11139:
10892:
10526:
10496:
9819:
9381:
9304:
9265:
8146:
8090:
7751:
7600:
7568:
7360:– manages Superfund sites and the pollutants in them (CERCLA). Map
7259:
7109:
5458:
3613:"Pollution – Definition from the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary"
3237:
3202:
3018:
2775:
The textile industry also creates a lot of pollution that leads to
2676:
2489:
2301:
2130:
2126:
1734:
1722:
1591:
1511:
305:
5873:
5824:
Sustainable Solid Waste Management: A Systems Engineering Approach
3973:
Schlosberg, David (2002). Light, Andrew; De-Shalit, Avner (eds.).
2866:
equilibrium will not account for the costs of pollution on society
10811:
8876:
8871:
8802:
8747:
8107:
7610:
7588:
7475:
7470:
6540:
6491:"Destination Zero: seven years of Detoxing the clothing industry"
5387:
5237:
3745:
3692:
3420:
List of least polluted cities by particulate matter concentration
3278:
3195:, Russia, is considered the "Most polluted place on the planet".
3048:
2944:
2837:
2816:
2428:
1577:
1557:
1123:
85:
10451:
10271:
Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies
7357:
5849:"New UN framework to protect environment from harmful chemicals"
4520:
1710:
overtook the United States as the world's biggest producer of CO
11106:
10165:
9654:
9286:
8511:
8491:
8385:
8060:
7553:
6640:. Turner, R. Kerry. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
6516:"Greenpeace Calls Out Nike, Adidas and Puma for Toxic Clothing"
6445:
5066:
4914:
waterhealthconnection.org Overview of Waterborne Disease Trends
4400:
4019:
Defining Environmental Justice: Theories, Movements, and Nature
3688:
3686:
3493:
3126:
3061:
3010:
2971:
2883:
2871:
2696:
2652:
2378:
2354:
2305:
2155:
1977:
1907:
1872:
1568:, sulfur dioxides, which are harmful to animals and damage the
1178:
1158:
943:
923:
830:
820:
528:
57:
53:
37:"Environmental pollution" redirects here. For the journal, see
6251:
2260:
11657:
11268:
9108:
8521:
8463:
7804:
7736:
7634:
7526:
6958:
3132:
Severe incidents of pollution helped increase consciousness.
2924:
has always accompanied civilizations. Pollution started from
2707:
2410:
2324:
2011:
Pollution has been found to be present widely in the natural
1726:
1703:
1556:
One of the most significant natural sources of pollution are
1421:
1340:
953:
898:
290:
7389:
6690:. Wells, Robin. (3rd ed.). New York: Worth Publishers.
5586:
4432:. 11 April 2007. Archived from the original on 11 April 2007
4170:
Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences
3683:
2108:
land which can change the species composition of ecosystems.
2065:, the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans as CO
1122:(coming from a highly concentrated specific site, such as a
11394:
Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety
11200:
8496:
7617:
7605:
7521:
7385:
Nieman Reports | Tracking Toxics When the Data Are Polluted
7054:
A Climate of Crisis: America in the Age of Environmentalism
6988:
A Climate of Crisis: America in the Age of Environmentalism
5908:
Freshwater Pollution Costs US At Least $ 4.3 Billion A Year
3254:
3065:
2937:
2929:
2753:
in pretreatment, dyeing, printing, and finishing operations
2393:
2339:
are more desirable than pollution control. In the field of
2232:
2111:
1926:
1581:
1344:
1293:
928:
175:
170:
135:
7215:"Research ship finds the world's oceans are 'plasticized'"
7003:
City, Country, Empire: Landscapes in Environmental History
6732:
6121:
5445:
Heissel, Jennifer; Persico, Claudia; Simon, David (2019).
4870:"Global Warming Can Be Stopped, World Climate Experts Say"
4791:
International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering
4701:"Environmental Pollution | Chemistry Science Fair Project"
3640:
Green Chemistry Approaches to Environmental Sustainability
2731:
Indigo color water pollution in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, 2005
2605:
Pollution has a cost. Manufacturing activities that cause
2540:(Secondary treatment; also used for industrial wastewater)
2090:. Invasive plants can contribute debris and biomolecules (
2043:, becoming exponentially more concentrated in the process.
7238:
6167:
6041:"Pollution Abatement Costs and Expenditures: 2005 Survey"
5688:"Atmospheric Pollution: History, Science, and Regulation"
5490:
Zivin, Joshua Graff; Neidell, Matthew (1 December 2012).
5361:
3209:
has also been a prohibitive complication associated with
3083:, in the late 1940s, serving as another public reminder.
2358:
2335:. In the hierarchy of controls, pollution prevention and
1801:, and the possible effects of this on marine ecosystems.
1102:– that is, a source created by human activities, such as
49:
7241:"The new world atlas of artificial night sky brightness"
5154:
4214:, Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, pp. 1–14,
3266:
after only a relatively brief period of widespread use.
3253:(POP) has come to describe a group of chemicals such as
3229:
has ended almost all nuclear testing in the atmosphere.
2618:
is involved. If there are external benefits, such as in
2323:
into air, water or soil. Without pollution control, the
6301:
6224:
5926:
The human cost of China's untold soil pollution problem
5128:
David; Michael; Caroline, Mindy; Neil Franklin; Vikas.
3977:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. p. 79.
3975:
Moral and Political Reasoning in Environmental Practice
2148:
1319:
into the atmosphere. Common gaseous pollutants include
1138:(coming from a widespread distributed sources, such as
9503:
International Conference on Population and Development
5292:"Out of Order – The State of the World's Toilets 2017"
5067:
Pandey, Anamika; Brauer, Michael; Cropper, Maureen L;
4502:
Aqueous Wastes from Petroleum and Petrochemical Plants
4356:
4268:
3363:
Regulation of greenhouse gases under the Clean Air Act
2385:
intervention, influence research, and guide funding".
2189:. Different jurisdictions often have different levels
27:
Introduction of contaminants that cause adverse change
11623:
10288:
Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study
7379:
Chelyabinsk: The Most Contaminated Spot on the Planet
7331:. Reports and studies on how pollutants affect people
6483:
5820:
4982:"Air Pollution Linked to 1.2 Million Deaths in China"
4372:"What are the safest and cleanest sources of energy?"
4167:
2229:
Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants
2025:
and now threaten entire ecosystems around the world.
1993:
the productivity of both indoor and outdoor workers.
1245:, while international efforts are coordinated by the
3232:
International catastrophes such as the wreck of the
1957:
symptoms. Older people are significantly exposed to
1430:: involves the accumulation of plastic products and
1149:
Many sources of pollution were unregulated parts of
6929:
Dirty Old London: The Victorian Fight Against Filth
6726:
5986:(2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
5981:
5444:
2852:of consuming one more unit of the good or service.
1212:Pollution has widespread consequences on human and
10209:Health expenditure by country by type of financing
7006:. University of Pittsburgh Press. pp. 44–49.
6638:Economics of natural resources and the environment
6356:Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry
5148:
4724:
4498:
7000:Jeffry M. Diefendorf; Kurkpatrick Dorsey (2009).
5639:Salvo, Alberto; Liu, Haoming; He, Jiaxiu (2019).
5350:As China Roars, Pollution Reaches Deadly Extremes
2784:
1721:An industrial area, with a power plant, south of
11777:
10282:Progress in International Reading Literacy Study
7373:Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
5492:"The Impact of Pollution on Worker Productivity"
5007:
4450:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
4209:
1633:are one of the leading causes of air pollution.
3637:
10276:Programme for International Student Assessment
6879:
6789:
5814:
5205:
4556:". Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2009.
3175:The development of nuclear science introduced
3002:soon afterward. Pollution issues escalated as
2154:Organic pollution of watercourses can deplete
1502:, which can refer to the presence of overhead
10467:
9640:
9124:
8708:
7405:
7345:United States Environmental Protection Agency
6886:United States Environmental Protection Agency
6449:Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
6261:Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
6016:"Abatement and Marginal Abatement Cost (MAC)"
5892:The staggering economic cost of air pollution
5881:(1st ed.). American Petroleum Institute.
5788:Journal of Industrial Information Integration
4872:. News.nationalgeographic.com. Archived from
4785:Hassan, Sidra; Haq, Ihsan ul (27 June 2019).
4145:Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies
4139:Aboyeji, Oyebanji Oluseun (1 December 2013).
3404:Atmospheric chemistry observational databases
2932:. According to a 1983 article in the journal
2796:
2347:is a similar technique for the prevention of
1061:
10179:Antiviral medications for pandemic influenza
7381:Documentary Film by Slawomir Grünberg (1996)
6718:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
6668:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
6388:
5953:(4th ed.). New York: Worth Publishers.
5821:Ni-Bin Chang; Ana Pires (18 February 2015).
5645:American Economic Journal: Applied Economics
5596:American Economic Journal: Applied Economics
5489:
5394:American Economic Journal: Applied Economics
5362:World Health Organisation (31 August 2022).
5010:Environmental Science and Pollution Research
4413:State of the Environment, Issue: Air Quality
4362:
3825:
3823:
2264:A litter trap catches floating waste in the
2162:
1474:, resulting from 20th century activities in
9528:United Nations world population conferences
7066:1952: London fog clears after days of chaos
5781:
5685:
4030:
3801:"Pollution killed 9 million people in 2015"
2879:because it "does not maximize efficiency".
2035:describes situations where toxins (such as
1765:
11429:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
10474:
10460:
10224:Total healthcare spending as % of GDP
10204:Percentage suffering from undernourishment
9647:
9633:
9441:Population and housing censuses by country
9131:
9117:
8715:
8701:
7412:
7398:
7077:
6873:
6636:William), Pearce, David W. (David (1990).
5782:Idrees, Zeba; Zheng, Lirong (2020-03-01).
5638:
5546:
4494:
4492:
4011:
3972:
3920:
3829:
3442:List of solid waste treatment technologies
2998:of 1858, which led to construction of the
2704:Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy
1884:over 50,000. A study published in 2022 in
1786:Source: Energy Information Administration.
1068:
1054:
84:
11389:Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
11379:Center for Disease Control and Prevention
8722:
7337:– NIH databases and reports on toxicology
7292:
7258:
6766:
6578:
6568:
6406:
6185:
6124:"The environmental price of fast fashion"
6093:
5948:
5758:
5607:
5523:
5466:
5413:
5259:
5244:"Pollution and health: a progress update"
5188:
5104:
4802:
4784:
4304:
4294:
4219:
4195:
4152:
3894:
3820:
3767:
3752:"Pollution and health: a progress update"
3714:
3699:"Pollution and health: a progress update"
2804:
2280:Air pollution control system, known as a
2086:can outcompete native species and reduce
1987:
1806:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
1695:, but produce roughly 25% of the world's
1355:, or fine dust is characterized by their
10327:Official Development Assistance received
9164:Estimates of historical world population
7130:
7115:
7082:. The Environmental Blog. Archived from
7026:
6953:
6635:
6534:
5132:. Library.thinkquest.org. Archived from
4951:
4664:China overtakes US as world's biggest CO
4172:, Elsevier: B978-0-12-409548-9.09508-7,
3120:
3030:
2953:
2916:
2822:
2726:
2291:
2275:
2259:
2044:
2000:
1842:
1799:increases in the acidity of ocean waters
1775:
1716:
1613:
1542:
1288:
1264:
1229:, and continues to be a core element of
48:
11434:Health departments in the United States
8553:Pollutant release and transfer register
7071:
7020:
6305:Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
6076:. Pure Earth, Green Cross Switzerland.
6067:"2016 World's Worst Pollution Problems"
5318:
4505:(1st ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
4489:
4138:
4031:Environment, U. N. (21 February 2020).
3860:
3348:Pollutant release and transfer register
2739:is one of the largest polluters in the
2028:There are a number of effects of this:
1672:disposal activity, incinerators, large
1279:Environmental Protection Administration
14:
11778:
11439:Council on Education for Public Health
10299:World Intellectual Property Indicators
6899:
6353:
6128:Nature Reviews Earth & Environment
6083:from the original on 23 February 2024.
5827:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 209.
5352:". The New York Times. 26 August 2007.
5238:Fuller, Richard; Landrigan, Philip J;
4596:maps zoom in on greenhouse gas sources
4464:
3921:Carrington, Damian (18 January 2022).
3867:Environmental Science & Technology
3830:Carrington, Damian (20 October 2017).
3746:Fuller, Richard; Landrigan, Philip J;
3693:Fuller, Richard; Landrigan, Philip J;
3660:
3273:is a concentration of plastics in the
2848:of pollution, is exactly equal to the
2791:of the top contributors to human death
2633:
2170:Regulation and monitoring of pollution
2080:which affects ecosystems in many ways.
2018:Environmental Science & Technology
11497:Professional degrees of public health
11404:Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
10455:
10189:Infant and under-five mortality rates
9628:
9112:
8696:
7393:
7212:
7027:Fleming, James R.; Knorr, Bethany R.
6681:
6679:
5944:
5942:
5940:
4843:(Table 1, Report DOE/EIA-0573, 2004,
4390:Environmental Performance Report 2001
4378:from the original on 15 January 2024.
4124:. Concerns about MTBE. Archived from
2104:are removed from the air by rain and
1902:caused 1.4 million premature deaths.
1626:(rectangles barely visible in chart).
11664:
11594:
11487:Bachelor of Science in Public Health
9597:
9067:
8643:
7884:Electromagnetic radiation and health
6834:
5451:National Bureau of Economic Research
4979:
3916:
3914:
3856:
3854:
3798:
3544:Electromagnetic radiation and health
3021:system was built in the late 1870s:
3017:recalled conditions before a modern
3009:In 1870, the sanitary conditions in
2311:Pollution control is a term used in
2158:levels and reduce species diversity.
1827:Soil pollution § Health effects
1702:, and generate approximately 30% of
1243:environmental agencies or ministries
11606:
10755:Workers' right to access the toilet
10596:Human right to water and sanitation
10401:Number of billionaires (US dollars)
10396:Number of millionaires (US dollars)
10219:Total health expenditure per capita
10102:Ethnic and cultural diversity level
9533:Voluntary Human Extinction Movement
9091:
8659:
8651:
7742:Radium and radon in the environment
5686:Oppenheimer, Michael (2003-10-01).
4653:. 31 August 2006. The Boston Globe.
3966:
3861:Persson, Linn; et al. (2022).
2713:
2578:Powdered activated carbon treatment
1839:Air pollution § Health effects
1738:also been some unusual releases of
1676:(dairy cows, pigs, poultry, etc.),
1609:
1594:, which can be caused naturally by
1564:, hydrogen halides which can cause
1347:are created as nitrogen oxides and
1257:is an important part of all of the
296:Radium and radon in the environment
24:
9939:Past and future population density
6685:
6676:
5937:
5875:American Petroleum Institute (API)
4952:Stanglin, Doug (20 October 2017).
4651:Alarm sounds on US population boom
4567:"Solid Waste – The Ultimate Guide"
4178:10.1016/b978-0-12-409548-9.09508-7
3648:10.1016/B978-0-443-18959-3.00010-0
3447:List of waste management companies
3152:starting in 1947 and uncontrolled
2908:History of environmental pollution
1835:List of pollution-related diseases
1804:In February 2007, a report by the
1784:emissions by country (as of 2005).
1339:and motor vehicles. Photochemical
25:
11802:
11028:Commercial determinants of health
10481:
9425:Population and Development Review
7353:Superfund Basic Research Programs
7313:
7133:Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
6882:"London's Historic "Pea-Soupers""
5308:from the original on Dec 7, 2023.
4845:Energy Information Administration
3911:
3851:
3406:– links to freely available data.
3343:Neuroplastic effects of pollution
3116:National Environmental Policy Act
2966:of England banned the burning of
2721:Chemical waste § Textile industry
1959:diseases induced by air pollution
1687:About 400 million metric tons of
1538:
11758:
11741:
11724:
11707:
11690:
11673:
11645:
11633:
11605:
11593:
11582:
11581:
10611:National public health institute
10359:planetary pressures–adjusted HDI
9609:
9608:
9596:
9473:Population concern organizations
9179:Projections of population growth
9090:
9078:
9066:
9048:
9047:
8786:
8677:
8667:
8658:
8650:
8642:
8630:
8629:
7232:
7206:
7180:
7167:
7124:
7098:
7059:
7046:
6993:
6980:
6947:
6934:
6227:Environmental Quality Management
6094:Gabbatiss, Josh (18 July 2018).
5951:Public finance and public policy
5934:, Monday 30 June 2014 11.53 EDT
4670:". Guardian.co.uk. 19 June 2007.
4465:Laboratory, Oak Ridge National.
4033:"A Global response to Pollution"
3799:Beil, Laura (15 November 2017).
3299:, which generally seek to limit
3191:throughout the 1950s and 1960s.
3013:were among the worst in Europe.
2719:This section is an excerpt from
2168:This section is an excerpt from
1118:. Pollution is often classed as
1035:
1023:
11008:Open-source healthcare software
10750:Sociology of health and illness
9574:Human impact on the environment
9508:Population Action International
9025:Human impact on the environment
7456:Atmospheric dispersion modeling
7033:American Meteorological Society
6921:
6828:
6783:
6629:
6603:
6508:
6439:
6382:
6347:
6295:
6245:
6218:
6174:Reviews on Environmental Health
6161:
6115:
6087:
6059:
6033:
6008:
5975:
5919:
5901:
5885:
5867:
5841:
5775:
5726:
5679:
5632:
5580:
5540:
5483:
5438:
5381:
5355:
5342:
5319:Isalkar, Umesh (29 July 2014).
5312:
5284:
5231:
5121:
5060:
5001:
4973:
4945:
4926:
4907:
4888:
4862:
4850:
4827:
4778:
4753:
4718:
4693:
4673:
4656:
4644:
4612:
4584:
4559:
4539:
4527:
4458:
4422:
4406:
4383:
4329:
4262:
4237:
4203:
4161:
4132:
4106:
4080:
4050:
4024:
3940:
3452:List of waste management topics
3301:human impact on the environment
2981:
2557:Industrial wastewater treatment
2118:and leads to the production of
1904:Contamination of drinking water
1820:
1315:: the release of chemicals and
116:Atmospheric dispersion modeling
11369:Caribbean Public Health Agency
11181:Sexually transmitted infection
11078:Statistical hypothesis testing
10839:Occupational safety and health
10740:Sexual and reproductive health
10653:Occupational safety and health
10435:List of international rankings
10261:International Innovation Index
10184:HIV/AIDS adult prevalence rate
9523:United Nations Population Fund
9138:
8933:Public transport encouragement
7029:"History of the Clean Air Act"
6880:David Urbinato (Summer 1994).
4857:Carbon dioxide emissions chart
4834:World Carbon Dioxide Emissions
3792:
3739:
3654:
3631:
3605:
3333:Hazardous Substances Data Bank
3201:continued to be tested in the
2815:Society derives some indirect
2811:Right to a healthy environment
2785:Fossil fuel related industries
2315:. It refers to the control of
1996:
1875:inflammation, chest pain, and
1740:polychlorinated dibenzodioxins
1227:environmental justice movement
985:Least polluted cities by PM2.5
13:
1:
11023:Social determinants of health
10294:Tertiary education attainment
7944:Electrical resistance heating
7419:
7329:National Institutes of Health
5261:10.1016/s2542-5196(22)00090-0
5089:10.1016/s2542-5196(20)30298-9
4980:Wong, Edward (1 April 2013).
4249:United States Geologic Survey
3769:10.1016/s2542-5196(22)00090-0
3716:10.1016/S2542-5196(22)00090-0
3598:
3504:Wastewater quality indicators
2958:Air pollution in the US, 1973
2928:, when man created the first
2390:Global Framework on Chemicals
2225:persistent organic pollutants
2191:regulation and policy choices
1618:Deaths caused as a result of
1259:Sustainable Development Goals
456:Electrical resistance heating
11083:Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
10844:Human factors and ergonomics
10406:Percentage living in poverty
10317:Access to financial services
7596:Persistent organic pollutant
6859:10.1126/science.272.5259.246
6395:Water Science and Technology
5982:Kolstad, Charles D. (2011).
4747:10.1016/0004-6981(87)90267-8
4212:Chemistry in the Environment
4062:US EPA: System of Registries
3569:List of environmental issues
3251:persistent organic pollutant
3236:oil tanker off the coast of
2551:(also used for urban runoff)
2538:Activated sludge biotreaters
2399:
2361:and monitoring/transparency/
2053:by jurisdiction (as of 2015)
2015:. A 2022 study published in
1484:actinides in the environment
1100:have an anthropogenic source
166:Persistent organic pollutant
90:Air pollution from a factory
7:
11264:Good manufacturing practice
11068:Randomized controlled trial
9944:Person-to-arable land ratio
9548:World Population Foundation
9538:World Population Conference
9451:World population milestones
8923:Natural resource management
8606:Least polluted cities by PM
7325:National Toxicology Program
7213:Hoare, Rose (22 May 2012).
6940:Cited in David Clay Large,
6368:10.1016/j.cogsc.2017.11.002
5248:The Lancet Planetary Health
5077:The Lancet Planetary Health
4499:Beychok, Milton R. (1967).
4221:10.1039/9781839165399-00001
4154:10.5901/ajis.2013.v2n13p111
4118:Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether
3952:University of Michigan News
3756:The Lancet Planetary Health
3703:The Lancet Planetary Health
3306:
3271:Great Pacific Garbage Patch
2794:
2510:Mechanically aided scrubber
2483:Electrostatic precipitators
2006:Great Pacific garbage patch
1780:Historical and projected CO
1388:: includes light trespass,
10:
11807:
11334:Theory of planned behavior
11259:Good agricultural practice
11164:Public health surveillance
11056:epidemiological statistics
10700:Public health intervention
10246:Bloomberg Innovation Index
10174:Antidepressant consumption
9846:World population estimates
9841:Past and future population
9420:Population and Environment
8548:Pollution haven hypothesis
8471:Brain health and pollution
7709:Ecological light pollution
7539:Internal combustion engine
7192:NOAA Marine Debris Program
6686:R., Krugman, Paul (2013).
6461:10.1016/j.jece.2021.105277
6273:10.1016/j.jece.2020.105012
5949:Jonathan., Gruber (2013).
4021:. Oxford University Press.
4017:Schlosberg, David. (2007)
3437:Environmental soil science
3381:
3358:Pollution haven hypothesis
3077:Department of the Interior
2905:
2901:
2808:
2718:
2434:
2255:
2167:
1929:. Noise pollution induces
1824:
1815:
1769:
1518:), open storage of trash,
1420:as well as high-intensity
1308:relevant to each of them:
36:
32:Pollution (disambiguation)
29:
11577:
11512:
11471:
11456:World Toilet Organization
11451:World Health Organization
11358:
11347:
11284:
11209:
11125:
11053:
11018:Public health informatics
10958:
10763:
10725:Right to rest and leisure
10554:Globalization and disease
10489:
10429:
10391:Share of income of top 1%
10307:
10238:
10164:
10066:
10008:
9952:
9924:
9833:
9802:
9751:
9696:
9688:Demographics of the world
9666:
9592:
9556:
9481:
9433:
9412:
9330:Human population planning
9295:
9241:
9192:
9154:Demographics of the world
9146:
9043:
9017:
8981:
8905:
8835:Environmental engineering
8795:
8784:
8730:
8627:
8581:
8530:
8479:
8446:
8351:Nonpoint source pollution
8279:
8271:War and environmental law
8218:
8180:
8162:
7962:
7897:
7834:
7760:
7729:
7694:
7678:
7643:
7630:Volatile organic compound
7436:
7427:
7320:OEHHA proposition 65 list
7177:(Diane Publishing, 2013.)
6317:10.1007/s10661-018-6569-7
6140:10.1038/s43017-020-0039-9
5800:10.1016/j.jii.2019.100123
5751:10.1016/j.ohx.2023.e00477
5130:"Air Pollution – Effects"
5030:10.1007/s11356-017-8575-7
4804:10.3991/ijoe.v15i10.10873
4761:"Environmental disasters"
4342:World Health Organization
4296:10.1016/j.gsf.2020.08.013
3589:Effects of Climate Change
3249:. Most recently the term
3177:radioactive contamination
3140:resulted in a ban by the
2231:created in 2001, such as
2197:at the cost of human and
2163:Regulation and monitoring
1472:Radioactive contamination
1375:electromagnetic radiation
1371:Electromagnetic pollution
1195:radioactive contamination
1136:nonpoint source pollution
711:War and environmental law
331:Health effects from noise
181:Volatile organic compound
11791:Environmental toxicology
11502:Schools of public health
11294:Diffusion of innovations
10993:Health impact assessment
10705:Public health laboratory
10601:Management of depression
10239:Education and innovation
9335:Compulsory sterilization
8918:Environmental technology
8867:Environmental toxicology
8862:Environmental statistics
8857:Environmental humanities
7810:Marine mammals and sonar
7721:Radio spectrum pollution
7349:Toxics Release Inventory
7153:10.1177/0096340211421587
5496:American Economic Review
5453:. Working Paper Series.
4942:by Eric S. Lorenz. 2007.
4919:5 September 2008 at the
4419:Government website page)
4395:12 November 2007 at the
3369:Pollution is Colonialism
3313:Biological contamination
2628:marginal abatement costs
2562:API oil-water separators
2505:Ejector venturi scrubber
2313:environmental management
2051:carbon dioxide emissions
1772:Greenhouse gas emissions
1766:Greenhouse gas emissions
1746:for simplicity, such as
1466:chlorinated hydrocarbons
1247:UN Environmental Program
336:Marine mammals and sonar
11565:Social hygiene movement
11492:Doctor of Public Health
11324:Social cognitive theory
11126:Infectious and epidemic
10908:Fecal–oral transmission
10344:Human Development Index
10256:Global Innovation Index
10194:Maternal mortality rate
9769:Commonwealth of Nations
9277:Malthusian growth model
8830:Environmental economics
8753:Environmental chemistry
8656:WikiProject Environment
8614:Most polluted countries
8558:Polluter pays principle
8289:Agricultural wastewater
7367:Toxic Release Inventory
6970:Encyclopædia Britannica
6955:Phillips, Walter Alison
6814:10.1126/science.6857273
6739:Cardiovascular Research
6570:10.1073/pnas.1819989116
6303:sub-chronic exposure".
6187:10.1515/reveh-2018-0013
5984:Environmental economics
4727:Atmospheric Environment
3887:10.1021/acs.est.1c04158
3394:Air dispersion modeling
3353:Polluter pays principle
3168:, a term now common in
2833:environmental economics
2600:
2572:Dissolved air flotation
2500:Cyclonic spray scrubber
2468:Dust collection systems
2247:, research groups, and
2241:mitigate climate change
1631:Motor vehicle emissions
1373:: the overabundance of
1231:environmental conflicts
1083:is the introduction of
811:Freshwater salinization
731:Agricultural wastewater
40:Environmental Pollution
11560:Germ theory of disease
11339:Transtheoretical model
10322:Development aid donors
9960:Population growth rate
9404:Zero population growth
9399:Sustainable population
9323:Malthusian catastrophe
9282:Overshoot (population)
9159:Demographic transition
8887:Sustainability science
8674:Environment portal
7907:Agricultural pollution
7277:10.1126/sciadv.1600377
7106:The Environmental Case
7080:"Environmental Issues"
6909:. PBS. 17 January 2003
5568:Cite journal requires
5508:10.1257/aer.102.7.3652
4938:11 August 2013 at the
3519:Alkaline precipitation
3318:Chemical contamination
3297:environmental movement
3129:
3028:
3000:London sewerage system
2959:
2831:It is possible to use
2828:
2805:Socially optimal level
2732:
2590:Vapor recovery systems
2345:low impact development
2308:
2289:
2273:
2183:environmental agencies
2054:
2008:
1988:Socio economic impacts
1951:developmental deficits
1869:cardiovascular disease
1848:
1787:
1729:
1627:
1602:. Large quantities of
1553:
1301:
1233:, particularly in the
1030:Environment portal
60:
11444:Public Health Service
11329:Social norms approach
11319:PRECEDE–PROCEED model
10765:Preventive healthcare
10658:Pharmaceutical policy
10507:Chief Medical Officer
10082:Age at first marriage
9970:Net reproduction rate
9916:Population milestones
9698:Continents/subregions
9660:population statistics
9513:Population Connection
9377:Mere addition paradox
9216:Physiological density
8852:Environmental studies
8724:Environmental science
8329:Industrial wastewater
8195:Clutter (advertising)
8103:Municipal solid waste
7949:Soil guideline values
7793:Sustainable transport
7686:Information pollution
7486:Open burning of waste
5240:Balakrishnan, Kalpana
5069:Balakrishnan, Kalpana
4839:26 March 2008 at the
4374:. Our World in Data.
3748:Balakrishnan, Kalpana
3695:Balakrishnan, Kalpana
3534:Contamination control
3499:Industrial wastewater
3469:Cruise ship pollution
3183: – named by the
3124:
3097:Clean Air Act of 1956
3068:was a major issue in
3057:progressive reformers
3031:20th and 21st century
3023:
2957:
2949:glaciers in Greenland
2917:Prior to 19th century
2906:Further information:
2826:
2730:
2702:A 2018 report by the
2657:extractive metallurgy
2495:Baffle spray scrubber
2441:Air pollution control
2381:interface", e.g. to "
2363:life-cycle assessment
2295:
2279:
2263:
2122:which damages plants.
2048:
2004:
1846:
1825:Further information:
1779:
1720:
1617:
1551:
1520:municipal solid waste
1292:
1265:Definitions and types
1108:extractive industries
771:Industrial wastewater
539:Municipal solid waste
461:Soil guideline values
52:
11520:Sara Josephine Baker
11419:Public Health Agency
11304:Health communication
11169:Disease surveillance
11135:Asymptomatic carrier
11117:Statistical software
10805:Preventive nutrition
10633:Medical anthropology
10522:Environmental health
10132:Number of households
10117:Linguistic diversity
10112:Immigrant population
10058:past life expectancy
9543:World Population Day
9498:Church of Euthanasia
9387:Non-identity problem
9362:Political demography
9318:Human overpopulation
8840:Environmental health
8825:Environmental design
8820:Ecological economics
8601:Most polluted cities
8294:Biological pollution
8205:Overhead power lines
6408:10.2166/wst.2018.476
5657:10.1257/app.20170286
5609:10.1257/app.20160436
5406:10.1257/app.20190091
5181:10.1029/2022GH000603
5167:(5): e2022GH000603.
4705:www.seminarsonly.com
4275:Geoscience Frontiers
4058:"Vocabulary Catalog"
3574:Noise health effects
3494:Municipal wastewater
3328:Environmental racism
3323:Environmental health
3185:Worldwatch Institute
3081:Donora, Pennsylvania
2549:Constructed wetlands
2425:Pollution prevention
2388:In September 2023 a
2199:environmental health
2187:public health system
2023:planetary boundaries
1912:developing countries
1408:: which encompasses
1277:. The United States
1222:planetary boundaries
1214:environmental health
1165:pollutants may have
1114:, transportation or
980:Most polluted cities
632:Overhead power lines
30:For other uses, see
18:Industrial pollution
11530:Carl Rogers Darnall
11525:Samuel Jay Crumbine
11299:Health belief model
11152:Notifiable diseases
11088:Regression analysis
10923:Waterborne diseases
10512:Cultural competence
10366:Human Poverty Index
10354:inequality-adjusted
10339:Irrigated land area
10077:Age at childbearing
10000:Past fertility rate
9392:Reproductive rights
9223:Population dynamics
9174:Population momentum
9009:Environment by year
8999:Research institutes
8913:Energy conservation
8738:Atmospheric science
8664:WikiProject Ecology
8361:Ocean acidification
8266:Unexploded ordnance
8137:Post-consumer waste
7997:Foam food container
7975:Biodegradable waste
7549:Global distillation
7269:2016SciA....2E0377F
7145:2011BuAtS..67e..55F
6851:1996Sci...272..246H
6806:1983Sci...221....9S
6751:10.1093/cvr/cvaa025
6561:2019PNAS..116.7192L
5894:By Chelsea Harvey,
5855:. 30 September 2023
5704:2003PhT....56j..65J
5173:2022GHeal...6..603M
5022:2017ESPR...2411559M
5016:(12): 11559–11572.
4739:1987AtmEn..21...29B
4287:2021GeoFr..12..746T
3879:2022EnST...56.1510P
3160: – led to the
3158:Valley of the Drums
3092:radioactive fallout
2970:by proclamation in
2768:their manufacturing
2634:Dirtiest industries
2534:(Primary treatment)
2063:ocean acidification
2039:) may pass through
1949:has been linked to
1935:high blood pressure
1865:respiratory disease
1351:react to sunlight.
1329:chlorofluorocarbons
1144:agricultural runoff
1089:natural environment
796:Ocean acidification
706:Unexploded ordnance
627:Advertising clutter
559:Post-consumer waste
504:Foam food container
489:Biodegradable waste
146:Global distillation
11128:disease prevention
11063:Case–control study
10735:Security of person
10584:Health care reform
10127:Net migration rate
10107:Ethnic composition
9926:Population density
9803:Cities/urban areas
9676:Current population
9656:Lists of countries
9518:Population Matters
9233:Population pyramid
9211:Population density
9206:Population decline
9085:Environment portal
8968:Water purification
8684:Ecology portal
8568:Waste minimisation
8543:Industrial ecology
8538:Cleaner production
8356:Nutrient pollution
8233:Herbicidal warfare
8027:Construction waste
7663:Introduced species
7534:Indoor air quality
7461:Chlorofluorocarbon
7173:Jonathan Medalia,
7112:, 2012) pp. 56–82.
7086:on 11 January 2012
6845:(5259): 246–249 .
6239:10.1002/tqem.21538
5916:, 17 November 2008
5325:The Times of India
4987:The New York Times
4900:1 May 2009 at the
4686:2011-09-27 at the
4601:2020-05-01 at the
4552:2009-10-21 at the
3429:Soil contamination
3275:North Pacific Gyre
3130:
3125:Smog pollution in
3088:Great Smog of 1952
2990:problems with the
2960:
2829:
2733:
2416:Waste minimisation
2373:supported "formal
2337:waste minimization
2309:
2290:
2274:
2249:citizen scientists
2120:tropospheric ozone
2069:becomes dissolved.
2055:
2009:
1849:
1793:, while vital for
1788:
1742:, commonly called
1730:
1693:world's population
1628:
1554:
1438:Soil contamination
1353:Particulate matter
1302:
1191:soil contamination
1042:Ecology portal
667:Herbicidal warfare
211:Introduced species
151:Indoor air quality
121:Chlorofluorocarbon
61:
11621:
11620:
11573:
11572:
11483:Higher education
11314:Positive deviance
11309:Health psychology
11285:Health behavioral
11212:safety management
11186:Social distancing
10960:Population health
10940:Smoking cessation
10888:Pharmacovigilance
10859:Injury prevention
10827:Infection control
10745:Social psychology
10695:Prisoners' rights
10638:Medical sociology
10606:Public health law
10502:Biological hazard
10449:
10448:
10421:Wealth inequality
10416:Unemployment rate
9953:Growth indicators
9815:National capitals
9622:
9621:
9493:7 Billion Actions
9367:Population ethics
9260:Carrying capacity
9169:Population growth
9106:
9105:
8928:Pollution control
8690:
8689:
8563:Pollution control
8243:Nuclear holocaust
8152:Thermal treatment
8120:Plastic pollution
8037:Mercury poisoning
7990:Battery recycling
7889:Radioactive waste
7658:Genetic pollution
7653:Biological hazard
7451:Air quality index
7362:the EPA Superfund
7188:"Garbage Patches"
7056:(2014) pp. 15–21
7013:978-0-8229-7277-8
6745:(11): 1910–1917.
6697:978-1-4292-8342-7
6647:978-0-8018-3987-0
6555:(15): 7192–7197.
6401:(10): 2046–2054.
6074:WorstPolluted.org
5993:978-0-19-973264-7
5960:978-1-4292-7845-4
5898:, 29 January 2016
5877:(February 1990).
5834:978-1-118-96453-8
5712:10.1063/1.1629008
5301:. November 2017.
4607:Purdue University
4536:, R Carlson, 1962
4512:978-0-471-07189-1
4231:978-1-83916-279-4
4187:978-0-12-409548-9
4128:on 5 August 2015.
4068:on 16 August 2022
3954:. 19 January 2016
3596:
3595:
3554:Genetic pollution
3410:Emission standard
3227:test ban treaties
3215:Three Mile Island
3148:contamination at
3104:Noise Control Act
3004:population growth
2926:prehistoric times
2687:Chemical industry
2647:Lead–acid battery
2221:Montreal Protocol
2195:industrialisation
2147:which lowers the
1943:sleep disturbance
1604:fine particulates
1596:lightning strikes
1574:hydrogen sulfides
1549:
1490:Thermal pollution
1442:soil contaminants
1428:Plastic pollution
1390:over-illumination
1296:in the center of
1199:thermal pollution
1187:plastic pollution
1151:industrialization
1132:construction site
1078:
1077:
1013:
1012:
679:Nuclear holocaust
602:Urban heat island
416:Radioactive waste
201:Biological hazard
111:Air quality index
16:(Redirected from
11798:
11771:
11763:
11762:
11761:
11754:
11746:
11745:
11744:
11737:
11729:
11728:
11727:
11720:
11712:
11711:
11710:
11703:
11695:
11694:
11693:
11686:
11678:
11677:
11676:
11666:
11650:
11649:
11648:
11638:
11637:
11629:
11609:
11608:
11597:
11596:
11585:
11584:
11479:Health education
11356:
11355:
11210:Food hygiene and
11191:Tropical disease
11003:Infant mortality
10978:Community health
10854:Controlled Drugs
10790:Health promotion
10720:Right to housing
10564:Health economics
10476:
10469:
10462:
10453:
10452:
10440:Lists by country
10151:Urban population
10092:Dependency ratio
9980:Number of deaths
9975:Number of births
9965:Natural increase
9752:Intercontinental
9649:
9642:
9635:
9626:
9625:
9612:
9611:
9600:
9599:
9569:Green Revolution
9350:Two-child policy
9345:One-child policy
9268:
9228:Population model
9184:World population
9133:
9126:
9119:
9110:
9109:
9094:
9093:
9082:
9070:
9069:
9051:
9050:
8973:Waste management
8963:Urban metabolism
8958:Sewage treatment
8948:Renewable energy
8790:
8717:
8710:
8703:
8694:
8693:
8682:
8681:
8680:
8672:
8671:
8662:
8661:
8654:
8653:
8646:
8645:
8633:
8632:
8507:Legacy pollution
8366:Oil exploitation
8228:Chemical warfare
8142:Waste management
8049:Industrial waste
8017:Biomedical waste
7985:Electronic waste
7970:Advertising mail
7954:Phytoremediation
7929:Land degradation
7714:Overillumination
7668:Invasive species
7414:
7407:
7400:
7391:
7390:
7307:
7306:
7296:
7262:
7246:Science Advances
7236:
7230:
7229:
7227:
7225:
7210:
7204:
7203:
7201:
7199:
7184:
7178:
7171:
7165:
7164:
7128:
7122:
7119:
7113:
7102:
7096:
7095:
7093:
7091:
7078:John Tarantino.
7075:
7069:
7063:
7057:
7052:Patrick Allitt,
7050:
7044:
7043:
7041:
7039:
7024:
7018:
7017:
6997:
6991:
6986:Patrick Allitt,
6984:
6978:
6977:
6962:
6951:
6945:
6938:
6932:
6925:
6919:
6918:
6916:
6914:
6903:
6897:
6896:
6894:
6892:
6877:
6871:
6870:
6832:
6826:
6825:
6787:
6781:
6780:
6770:
6730:
6724:
6723:
6717:
6709:
6683:
6674:
6673:
6667:
6659:
6633:
6627:
6626:
6624:
6622:
6615:open.lib.umn.edu
6607:
6601:
6600:
6582:
6572:
6538:
6532:
6531:
6529:
6527:
6512:
6506:
6505:
6503:
6501:
6495:
6487:
6481:
6480:
6443:
6437:
6436:
6410:
6386:
6380:
6379:
6351:
6345:
6344:
6299:
6293:
6292:
6258:
6249:
6243:
6242:
6222:
6216:
6215:
6189:
6165:
6159:
6158:
6156:
6154:
6119:
6113:
6112:
6110:
6108:
6091:
6085:
6084:
6082:
6071:
6063:
6057:
6056:
6054:
6052:
6037:
6031:
6030:
6028:
6026:
6020:www.econport.org
6012:
6006:
6005:
5979:
5973:
5972:
5946:
5935:
5923:
5917:
5905:
5899:
5889:
5883:
5882:
5871:
5865:
5864:
5862:
5860:
5845:
5839:
5838:
5818:
5812:
5811:
5779:
5773:
5772:
5762:
5730:
5724:
5723:
5683:
5677:
5676:
5636:
5630:
5629:
5611:
5593:
5584:
5578:
5577:
5571:
5566:
5564:
5556:
5544:
5538:
5537:
5527:
5502:(7): 3652–3673.
5487:
5481:
5480:
5470:
5442:
5436:
5435:
5417:
5385:
5379:
5378:
5376:
5374:
5364:"Lead poisoning"
5359:
5353:
5346:
5340:
5339:
5337:
5335:
5316:
5310:
5309:
5307:
5296:
5288:
5282:
5281:
5263:
5254:(6): e535–e547.
5235:
5229:
5228:
5226:
5224:
5209:
5203:
5202:
5192:
5152:
5146:
5145:
5143:
5141:
5136:on 30 April 2011
5125:
5119:
5118:
5108:
5064:
5058:
5057:
5005:
4999:
4998:
4996:
4994:
4977:
4971:
4970:
4968:
4966:
4949:
4943:
4930:
4924:
4911:
4905:
4892:
4886:
4885:
4883:
4881:
4866:
4860:
4854:
4848:
4831:
4825:
4824:
4806:
4782:
4776:
4775:
4773:
4771:
4765:www.lenntech.com
4757:
4751:
4750:
4722:
4716:
4715:
4713:
4711:
4697:
4691:
4677:
4671:
4660:
4654:
4648:
4642:
4641:
4639:
4637:
4631:
4625:. Archived from
4624:
4616:
4610:
4592:Revolutionary CO
4588:
4582:
4581:
4579:
4577:
4563:
4557:
4543:
4537:
4531:
4525:
4524:
4496:
4487:
4486:
4484:
4482:
4473:. Archived from
4462:
4456:
4455:
4449:
4441:
4439:
4437:
4426:
4420:
4410:
4404:
4387:
4381:
4379:
4360:
4354:
4353:
4351:
4349:
4333:
4327:
4326:
4308:
4298:
4266:
4260:
4259:
4257:
4255:
4241:
4235:
4234:
4223:
4207:
4201:
4200:
4199:
4165:
4159:
4158:
4156:
4136:
4130:
4129:
4114:"Drinking Water"
4110:
4104:
4103:
4101:
4099:
4084:
4078:
4077:
4075:
4073:
4064:. Archived from
4054:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4043:
4028:
4022:
4015:
4009:
4008:
4002:
3998:
3996:
3988:
3970:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3959:
3944:
3938:
3937:
3935:
3933:
3918:
3909:
3908:
3898:
3873:(3): 1510–1521.
3858:
3849:
3848:
3846:
3844:
3827:
3818:
3817:
3815:
3813:
3796:
3790:
3789:
3771:
3762:(6): e535–e547.
3743:
3737:
3736:
3718:
3709:(6): e535–e547.
3690:
3681:
3680:
3678:
3676:
3658:
3652:
3651:
3635:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3624:
3619:. 13 August 2010
3609:
3479:Marine pollution
3380:
3379:
3293:environmentalism
3240:in 1978 and the
2912:Legacy pollution
2850:marginal benefit
2800:
2737:textile industry
2714:Textile industry
2682:Industrial parks
2672:Artisanal mining
2595:Phytoremediation
2527:Sewage treatment
2456:Thermal oxidizer
2341:land development
2282:thermal oxidizer
2084:Invasive species
2074:greenhouse gases
2072:The emission of
2061:emissions cause
2033:Biomagnification
1953:in children and
1925:irritations and
1689:hazardous wastes
1624:renewable energy
1610:Human generation
1550:
1500:Visual pollution
1418:industrial noise
1275:greenhouse gases
1207:visual pollution
1167:legacy pollution
1112:waste management
1070:
1063:
1056:
1040:
1039:
1038:
1028:
1027:
959:
958:
662:Chemical warfare
564:Waste management
524:Industrial waste
499:Electronic waste
484:Advertising mail
466:Phytoremediation
441:Land degradation
381:Depleted uranium
266:Overillumination
216:Invasive species
88:
78:
63:
62:
56:on the coast of
21:
11806:
11805:
11801:
11800:
11799:
11797:
11796:
11795:
11776:
11775:
11774:
11764:
11759:
11757:
11747:
11742:
11740:
11736:from Wikisource
11730:
11725:
11723:
11713:
11708:
11706:
11696:
11691:
11689:
11685:from Wiktionary
11679:
11674:
11672:
11669:
11665:sister projects
11662:at Knowledge's
11656:
11646:
11644:
11632:
11624:
11622:
11617:
11569:
11540:Margaret Sanger
11508:
11467:
11351:
11349:
11343:
11286:
11280:
11252:Safety scandals
11211:
11205:
11127:
11121:
11055:
11049:
11045:Social medicine
11038:Race and health
10973:Child mortality
10954:
10913:Open defecation
10795:Human nutrition
10785:Family planning
10773:Behavior change
10759:
10715:Right to health
10628:Maternal health
10618:Health politics
10569:Health literacy
10485:
10480:
10450:
10445:
10444:
10425:
10381:Income equality
10334:Employment rate
10303:
10251:Education Index
10234:
10229:Body mass index
10160:
10062:
10010:Life expectancy
10004:
9948:
9934:Current density
9920:
9834:Past and future
9829:
9798:
9747:
9692:
9662:
9653:
9623:
9618:
9588:
9552:
9486:
9484:
9477:
9429:
9408:
9357:Overconsumption
9340:Family planning
9297:
9291:
9264:
9248:
9245:
9237:
9199:
9196:
9188:
9142:
9137:
9107:
9102:
9039:
9013:
8977:
8901:
8892:Systems ecology
8791:
8782:
8743:Biogeochemistry
8726:
8721:
8691:
8686:
8678:
8676:
8666:
8623:
8609:
8577:
8526:
8475:
8442:
8381:Pharmaceuticals
8371:Oil exploration
8275:
8247:Nuclear fallout
8214:
8176:
8158:
8132:Packaging waste
8086:Deep sea mining
8012:Hazardous waste
7958:
7939:Open defecation
7893:
7859:Nuclear fallout
7854:Nuclear fission
7830:
7756:
7725:
7696:Electromagnetic
7690:
7674:
7639:
7559:Ozone depletion
7432:
7423:
7418:
7316:
7311:
7310:
7253:(6): e1600377.
7237:
7233:
7223:
7221:
7211:
7207:
7197:
7195:
7194:. 21 March 2024
7186:
7185:
7181:
7172:
7168:
7129:
7125:
7120:
7116:
7103:
7099:
7089:
7087:
7076:
7072:
7064:
7060:
7051:
7047:
7037:
7035:
7025:
7021:
7014:
6998:
6994:
6985:
6981:
6952:
6948:
6944:(2000) pp 17-18
6939:
6935:
6926:
6922:
6912:
6910:
6905:
6904:
6900:
6890:
6888:
6878:
6874:
6833:
6829:
6800:(4605): 9–17 .
6788:
6784:
6731:
6727:
6711:
6710:
6698:
6684:
6677:
6661:
6660:
6648:
6634:
6630:
6620:
6618:
6609:
6608:
6604:
6539:
6535:
6525:
6523:
6522:. 9 August 2011
6514:
6513:
6509:
6499:
6497:
6493:
6489:
6488:
6484:
6444:
6440:
6387:
6383:
6352:
6348:
6300:
6296:
6256:
6250:
6246:
6223:
6219:
6166:
6162:
6152:
6150:
6120:
6116:
6106:
6104:
6101:The Independent
6092:
6088:
6080:
6069:
6065:
6064:
6060:
6050:
6048:
6047:. 31 March 2016
6039:
6038:
6034:
6024:
6022:
6014:
6013:
6009:
5994:
5980:
5976:
5961:
5947:
5938:
5924:
5920:
5906:
5902:
5896:Washington Post
5890:
5886:
5872:
5868:
5858:
5856:
5847:
5846:
5842:
5835:
5819:
5815:
5780:
5776:
5731:
5727:
5684:
5680:
5637:
5633:
5591:
5585:
5581:
5569:
5567:
5558:
5557:
5545:
5541:
5488:
5484:
5443:
5439:
5386:
5382:
5372:
5370:
5360:
5356:
5347:
5343:
5333:
5331:
5317:
5313:
5305:
5294:
5290:
5289:
5285:
5236:
5232:
5222:
5220:
5211:
5210:
5206:
5153:
5149:
5139:
5137:
5126:
5122:
5065:
5061:
5006:
5002:
4992:
4990:
4978:
4974:
4964:
4962:
4950:
4946:
4940:Wayback Machine
4931:
4927:
4921:Wayback Machine
4912:
4908:
4902:Wayback Machine
4893:
4889:
4879:
4877:
4868:
4867:
4863:
4855:
4851:
4841:Wayback Machine
4832:
4828:
4783:
4779:
4769:
4767:
4759:
4758:
4754:
4723:
4719:
4709:
4707:
4699:
4698:
4694:
4690:". CDIAC. 2008.
4688:Wayback Machine
4678:
4674:
4667:
4661:
4657:
4649:
4645:
4635:
4633:
4629:
4622:
4620:"Waste Watcher"
4618:
4617:
4613:
4609:. 7 April 2008.
4603:Wayback Machine
4595:
4589:
4585:
4575:
4573:
4565:
4564:
4560:
4554:Wayback Machine
4544:
4540:
4532:
4528:
4513:
4497:
4490:
4480:
4478:
4463:
4459:
4443:
4442:
4435:
4433:
4428:
4427:
4423:
4411:
4407:
4397:Wayback Machine
4388:
4384:
4364:Ritchie, Hannah
4361:
4357:
4347:
4345:
4335:
4334:
4330:
4267:
4263:
4253:
4251:
4243:
4242:
4238:
4232:
4208:
4204:
4188:
4166:
4162:
4137:
4133:
4112:
4111:
4107:
4097:
4095:
4086:
4085:
4081:
4071:
4069:
4056:
4055:
4051:
4041:
4039:
4029:
4025:
4016:
4012:
4000:
3999:
3990:
3989:
3985:
3971:
3967:
3957:
3955:
3946:
3945:
3941:
3931:
3929:
3919:
3912:
3859:
3852:
3842:
3840:
3828:
3821:
3811:
3809:
3797:
3793:
3744:
3740:
3691:
3684:
3674:
3672:
3664:(18 May 2022).
3659:
3655:
3636:
3632:
3622:
3620:
3617:Merriam-Webster
3611:
3610:
3606:
3601:
3564:Light pollution
3524:Citizen science
3515:
3465:
3461:Water pollution
3433:
3390:
3309:
3264:bioaccumulation
3242:Bhopal disaster
3199:Nuclear weapons
3136:dumping in the
3112:Clean Water Act
3037:Imperial German
3033:
2984:
2919:
2914:
2904:
2813:
2807:
2787:
2782:
2781:
2724:
2716:
2636:
2616:externalization
2603:
2583:Ultrafiltration
2544:Aerated lagoons
2437:
2402:
2329:overconsumption
2268:, east-central
2258:
2253:
2252:
2243:. Governments,
2217:trade in wastes
2213:water pollution
2185:or the broader
2176:To protect the
2173:
2165:
2141:nitrogen oxides
2102:Nitrogen oxides
2096:competitiveness
2068:
1999:
1990:
1973:substances can
1900:water pollution
1841:
1823:
1818:
1785:
1783:
1774:
1768:
1713:
1700:
1674:livestock farms
1654:chemical plants
1612:
1543:
1541:
1406:Noise pollution
1386:Light pollution
1366:
1362:
1333:nitrogen oxides
1321:carbon monoxide
1271:noise pollution
1267:
1203:light pollution
1183:noise pollution
1175:water pollution
1074:
1036:
1034:
1022:
1015:
1014:
914:
906:
905:
879:
871:
870:
806:Pharmaceuticals
786:Nonpoint source
726:
716:
715:
684:Nuclear fallout
657:
647:
646:
617:
607:
606:
597:
587:
586:
577:
569:
568:
554:Packaging waste
519:Hazardous waste
479:
471:
470:
431:
421:
420:
391:Nuclear fallout
386:Nuclear fission
366:
356:
355:
321:
311:
310:
286:
278:
277:
251:
249:Electromagnetic
241:
240:
231:
223:
222:
196:
186:
185:
156:Ozone depletion
101:
91:
76:
45:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
11804:
11794:
11793:
11788:
11773:
11772:
11755:
11753:from Wikibooks
11738:
11721:
11719:from Wikiquote
11704:
11687:
11658:
11655:
11654:
11642:
11619:
11618:
11616:
11615:
11603:
11591:
11578:
11575:
11574:
11571:
11570:
11568:
11567:
11562:
11557:
11552:
11547:
11542:
11537:
11532:
11527:
11522:
11516:
11514:
11510:
11509:
11507:
11506:
11505:
11504:
11499:
11494:
11489:
11481:
11475:
11473:
11469:
11468:
11466:
11465:
11458:
11453:
11448:
11447:
11446:
11441:
11436:
11431:
11423:
11422:
11421:
11416:
11408:
11407:
11406:
11398:
11397:
11396:
11391:
11383:
11382:
11381:
11373:
11372:
11371:
11362:
11360:
11353:
11348:Organizations,
11345:
11344:
11342:
11341:
11336:
11331:
11326:
11321:
11316:
11311:
11306:
11301:
11296:
11290:
11288:
11282:
11281:
11279:
11278:
11277:
11276:
11271:
11261:
11256:
11255:
11254:
11249:
11244:
11239:
11234:
11229:
11224:
11215:
11213:
11207:
11206:
11204:
11203:
11198:
11193:
11188:
11183:
11178:
11173:
11172:
11171:
11161:
11160:
11159:
11149:
11148:
11147:
11137:
11131:
11129:
11123:
11122:
11120:
11119:
11114:
11113:
11112:
11104:
11095:
11090:
11085:
11075:
11070:
11065:
11059:
11057:
11054:Biological and
11051:
11050:
11048:
11047:
11042:
11041:
11040:
11035:
11030:
11020:
11015:
11013:Multimorbidity
11010:
11005:
11000:
10995:
10990:
10985:
10980:
10975:
10970:
10964:
10962:
10956:
10955:
10953:
10952:
10950:Vector control
10947:
10942:
10937:
10935:School hygiene
10932:
10931:
10930:
10925:
10920:
10918:Sanitary sewer
10915:
10910:
10905:
10895:
10890:
10885:
10884:
10883:
10876:Patient safety
10873:
10872:
10871:
10866:
10861:
10856:
10851:
10846:
10836:
10835:
10834:
10829:
10824:
10819:
10809:
10808:
10807:
10802:
10792:
10787:
10782:
10781:
10780:
10769:
10767:
10761:
10760:
10758:
10757:
10752:
10747:
10742:
10737:
10732:
10727:
10722:
10717:
10712:
10707:
10702:
10697:
10692:
10691:
10690:
10685:
10680:
10675:
10670:
10660:
10655:
10650:
10640:
10635:
10630:
10625:
10620:
10615:
10614:
10613:
10608:
10598:
10593:
10588:
10587:
10586:
10581:
10571:
10566:
10561:
10559:Harm reduction
10556:
10551:
10546:
10541:
10540:
10539:
10534:
10524:
10519:
10514:
10509:
10504:
10499:
10493:
10491:
10487:
10486:
10479:
10478:
10471:
10464:
10456:
10447:
10446:
10443:
10442:
10437:
10431:
10430:
10427:
10426:
10424:
10423:
10418:
10413:
10408:
10403:
10398:
10393:
10388:
10383:
10378:
10373:
10368:
10363:
10362:
10361:
10356:
10351:
10341:
10336:
10331:
10330:
10329:
10319:
10313:
10311:
10305:
10304:
10302:
10301:
10296:
10291:
10285:
10279:
10273:
10268:
10263:
10258:
10253:
10248:
10242:
10240:
10236:
10235:
10233:
10232:
10226:
10221:
10216:
10211:
10206:
10201:
10196:
10191:
10186:
10181:
10176:
10170:
10168:
10162:
10161:
10159:
10158:
10153:
10148:
10143:
10134:
10129:
10124:
10119:
10114:
10109:
10104:
10099:
10094:
10089:
10084:
10079:
10073:
10071:
10064:
10063:
10061:
10060:
10055:
10050:
10045:
10040:
10035:
10030:
10025:
10020:
10014:
10012:
10006:
10005:
10003:
10002:
9997:
9995:Fertility rate
9992:
9990:Mortality rate
9987:
9982:
9977:
9972:
9967:
9962:
9956:
9954:
9950:
9949:
9947:
9946:
9941:
9936:
9930:
9928:
9922:
9921:
9919:
9918:
9913:
9908:
9903:
9898:
9893:
9888:
9883:
9878:
9873:
9868:
9863:
9858:
9853:
9848:
9843:
9837:
9835:
9831:
9830:
9828:
9827:
9822:
9817:
9812:
9806:
9804:
9800:
9799:
9797:
9796:
9791:
9786:
9781:
9779:European Union
9776:
9771:
9766:
9761:
9755:
9753:
9749:
9748:
9746:
9745:
9740:
9735:
9734:
9733:
9723:
9718:
9713:
9708:
9702:
9700:
9694:
9693:
9691:
9690:
9685:
9684:
9683:
9681:United Nations
9672:
9670:
9664:
9663:
9652:
9651:
9644:
9637:
9629:
9620:
9619:
9617:
9616:
9606:
9593:
9590:
9589:
9587:
9586:
9584:Sustainability
9581:
9576:
9571:
9566:
9560:
9558:
9557:Related topics
9554:
9553:
9551:
9550:
9545:
9540:
9535:
9530:
9525:
9520:
9515:
9510:
9505:
9500:
9495:
9489:
9487:
9482:
9479:
9478:
9476:
9475:
9470:
9469:
9468:
9463:
9458:
9448:
9446:Largest cities
9443:
9437:
9435:
9431:
9430:
9428:
9427:
9422:
9416:
9414:
9410:
9409:
9407:
9406:
9401:
9396:
9395:
9394:
9389:
9384:
9379:
9374:
9364:
9359:
9354:
9353:
9352:
9347:
9342:
9337:
9327:
9326:
9325:
9315:
9307:
9301:
9299:
9293:
9292:
9290:
9289:
9284:
9279:
9274:
9269:
9266:I = P × A × T
9262:
9257:
9251:
9249:
9242:
9239:
9238:
9236:
9235:
9230:
9225:
9220:
9219:
9218:
9208:
9202:
9200:
9193:
9190:
9189:
9187:
9186:
9181:
9176:
9171:
9166:
9161:
9156:
9150:
9148:
9144:
9143:
9136:
9135:
9128:
9121:
9113:
9104:
9103:
9101:
9100:
9088:
9076:
9064:
9063:
9062:
9044:
9041:
9040:
9038:
9037:
9035:Technogaianism
9032:
9030:Sustainability
9027:
9021:
9019:
9015:
9014:
9012:
9011:
9006:
9001:
8996:
8991:
8985:
8983:
8979:
8978:
8976:
8975:
8970:
8965:
8960:
8955:
8950:
8945:
8940:
8935:
8930:
8925:
8920:
8915:
8909:
8907:
8903:
8902:
8900:
8899:
8894:
8889:
8884:
8879:
8874:
8869:
8864:
8859:
8854:
8849:
8848:
8847:
8837:
8832:
8827:
8822:
8817:
8816:
8815:
8805:
8799:
8797:
8796:Related fields
8793:
8792:
8785:
8783:
8781:
8780:
8775:
8770:
8765:
8760:
8755:
8750:
8745:
8740:
8734:
8732:
8728:
8727:
8720:
8719:
8712:
8705:
8697:
8688:
8687:
8628:
8625:
8624:
8622:
8621:
8616:
8611:
8607:
8603:
8598:
8596:Law by country
8593:
8587:
8585:
8579:
8578:
8576:
8575:
8570:
8565:
8560:
8555:
8550:
8545:
8540:
8534:
8532:
8528:
8527:
8525:
8524:
8519:
8514:
8509:
8504:
8499:
8494:
8489:
8483:
8481:
8477:
8476:
8474:
8473:
8468:
8467:
8466:
8461:
8450:
8448:
8444:
8443:
8441:
8440:
8435:
8430:
8425:
8420:
8418:Surface runoff
8415:
8410:
8405:
8400:
8399:
8398:
8393:
8383:
8378:
8373:
8368:
8363:
8358:
8353:
8348:
8343:
8342:
8341:
8331:
8326:
8321:
8316:
8311:
8306:
8304:Eutrophication
8301:
8296:
8291:
8285:
8283:
8277:
8276:
8274:
8273:
8268:
8263:
8261:Scorched earth
8258:
8255:nuclear winter
8251:nuclear famine
8240:
8230:
8224:
8222:
8216:
8215:
8213:
8212:
8207:
8202:
8197:
8192:
8186:
8184:
8178:
8177:
8175:
8174:
8168:
8166:
8160:
8159:
8157:
8156:
8155:
8154:
8149:
8139:
8134:
8129:
8128:
8127:
8117:
8112:
8111:
8110:
8100:
8099:
8098:
8096:Uranium mining
8093:
8088:
8083:
8081:Surface mining
8078:
8073:
8063:
8058:
8057:
8056:
8046:
8045:
8044:
8039:
8034:
8032:Lead poisoning
8029:
8024:
8022:Chemical waste
8019:
8009:
8004:
7999:
7994:
7993:
7992:
7982:
7977:
7972:
7966:
7964:
7960:
7959:
7957:
7956:
7951:
7946:
7941:
7936:
7934:Bioremediation
7931:
7926:
7925:
7924:
7919:
7914:
7903:
7901:
7895:
7894:
7892:
7891:
7886:
7881:
7876:
7871:
7866:
7861:
7856:
7851:
7849:Bioremediation
7846:
7840:
7838:
7832:
7831:
7829:
7828:
7823:
7820:
7817:
7814:
7813:
7812:
7802:
7797:
7796:
7795:
7790:
7785:
7780:
7775:
7770:Transportation
7766:
7764:
7758:
7757:
7755:
7754:
7749:
7744:
7739:
7733:
7731:
7727:
7726:
7724:
7723:
7718:
7717:
7716:
7711:
7700:
7698:
7692:
7691:
7689:
7688:
7682:
7680:
7676:
7675:
7673:
7672:
7671:
7670:
7660:
7655:
7649:
7647:
7641:
7640:
7638:
7637:
7632:
7627:
7626:
7625:
7615:
7614:
7613:
7603:
7598:
7593:
7592:
7591:
7586:
7581:
7576:
7571:
7561:
7556:
7551:
7546:
7544:Global dimming
7541:
7536:
7531:
7530:
7529:
7519:
7518:
7517:
7515:Diesel exhaust
7507:
7502:
7501:
7500:
7490:
7489:
7488:
7483:
7478:
7473:
7463:
7458:
7453:
7448:
7442:
7440:
7434:
7433:
7428:
7425:
7424:
7417:
7416:
7409:
7402:
7394:
7388:
7387:
7382:
7376:
7370:
7364:
7355:
7338:
7332:
7322:
7315:
7314:External links
7312:
7309:
7308:
7231:
7205:
7179:
7166:
7123:
7114:
7097:
7070:
7058:
7045:
7019:
7012:
6992:
6979:
6965:Chisholm, Hugh
6960:"Berlin"
6946:
6933:
6920:
6898:
6872:
6827:
6782:
6725:
6696:
6688:Microeconomics
6675:
6646:
6628:
6617:. 17 June 2016
6602:
6533:
6507:
6482:
6438:
6381:
6346:
6294:
6244:
6217:
6180:(2): 163–203.
6160:
6134:(4): 189–200.
6114:
6086:
6058:
6032:
6007:
5992:
5974:
5959:
5936:
5918:
5900:
5884:
5866:
5853:United Nations
5840:
5833:
5813:
5774:
5725:
5678:
5651:(1): 173–201.
5631:
5602:(1): 151–172.
5579:
5570:|journal=
5539:
5482:
5459:10.3386/w25489
5437:
5380:
5354:
5341:
5311:
5283:
5230:
5204:
5147:
5120:
5083:(1): e25–e38.
5059:
5000:
4972:
4944:
4925:
4906:
4887:
4861:
4849:
4826:
4777:
4752:
4717:
4692:
4672:
4665:
4655:
4643:
4632:on 10 May 2020
4611:
4593:
4583:
4558:
4538:
4526:
4511:
4488:
4477:on 11 May 2017
4471:Cdiac.ornl.gov
4457:
4421:
4405:
4382:
4355:
4328:
4281:(2): 746–755.
4261:
4236:
4230:
4202:
4186:
4160:
4131:
4105:
4079:
4049:
4037:Beat Pollution
4023:
4010:
3983:
3965:
3939:
3910:
3850:
3819:
3791:
3738:
3682:
3662:Dickie, Gloria
3653:
3630:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3594:
3593:
3592:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3559:Heat pollution
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3529:Climate change
3526:
3521:
3508:
3507:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3484:Ship pollution
3481:
3476:
3471:
3456:
3455:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3424:
3423:
3422:
3417:
3415:Greenhouse gas
3412:
3407:
3401:
3396:
3378:
3377:
3375:Sacrifice zone
3372:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3338:Overpopulation
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3308:
3305:
3285:in the water.
3247:global warming
3032:
3029:
2983:
2980:
2918:
2915:
2903:
2900:
2877:market failure
2806:
2803:
2786:
2783:
2725:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2700:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2650:
2635:
2632:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2586:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2569:
2564:
2554:
2553:
2552:
2546:
2541:
2535:
2524:
2523:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2487:
2486:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2465:
2463:Bioremediation
2460:
2459:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2431:
2426:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2401:
2398:
2327:products from
2298:dust collector
2257:
2254:
2237:Kyoto Protocol
2174:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2152:
2151:value of soil.
2137:Sulfur dioxide
2134:
2123:
2116:photosynthesis
2109:
2099:
2081:
2078:global warming
2070:
2066:
2059:Carbon dioxide
2056:
2041:trophic levels
1998:
1995:
1989:
1986:
1831:Toxic hotspots
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1795:photosynthesis
1791:Carbon dioxide
1781:
1770:Main article:
1767:
1764:
1711:
1698:
1682:heavy industry
1662:oil refineries
1611:
1608:
1562:climate change
1540:
1539:Natural causes
1537:
1536:
1535:
1532:surface runoff
1527:
1497:
1487:
1480:alpha emitters
1476:atomic physics
1469:
1435:
1425:
1414:aircraft noise
1403:
1397:
1383:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1325:sulfur dioxide
1300:in August 2010
1298:Moscow, Russia
1284:United Nations
1282:contrast, the
1266:
1263:
1157:and pollution
1076:
1075:
1073:
1072:
1065:
1058:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1045:
1044:
1032:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1010:
1009:
1008:
1000:
999:
995:
994:
993:
992:
987:
982:
977:
975:Law by country
972:
964:
963:
957:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
915:
912:
911:
908:
907:
904:
903:
902:
901:
896:
886:
880:
877:
876:
873:
872:
869:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
846:Surface runoff
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
746:Eutrophication
743:
738:
733:
727:
722:
721:
718:
717:
714:
713:
708:
703:
701:Scorched earth
698:
697:
696:
694:Nuclear winter
691:
689:Nuclear famine
686:
676:
675:
674:
664:
658:
653:
652:
649:
648:
645:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
618:
613:
612:
609:
608:
605:
604:
598:
593:
592:
589:
588:
585:
584:
578:
575:
574:
571:
570:
567:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
480:
477:
476:
473:
472:
469:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
446:Bioremediation
443:
438:
432:
427:
426:
423:
422:
419:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
376:Bioremediation
373:
367:
362:
361:
358:
357:
354:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
326:Transportation
322:
317:
316:
313:
312:
309:
308:
303:
298:
293:
287:
284:
283:
280:
279:
276:
275:
273:Radio spectrum
270:
269:
268:
263:
252:
247:
246:
243:
242:
239:
238:
232:
229:
228:
225:
224:
221:
220:
219:
218:
208:
203:
197:
192:
191:
188:
187:
184:
183:
178:
173:
168:
163:
158:
153:
148:
143:
141:Global dimming
138:
133:
128:
123:
118:
113:
108:
102:
97:
96:
93:
92:
89:
81:
80:
72:
71:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11803:
11792:
11789:
11787:
11784:
11783:
11781:
11770:from Wikidata
11769:
11768:
11756:
11752:
11751:
11739:
11735:
11734:
11722:
11718:
11717:
11705:
11701:
11700:
11688:
11684:
11683:
11671:
11670:
11667:
11661:
11653:
11643:
11641:
11636:
11631:
11630:
11627:
11614:
11613:
11604:
11602:
11601:
11592:
11590:
11589:
11580:
11579:
11576:
11566:
11563:
11561:
11558:
11556:
11553:
11551:
11548:
11546:
11543:
11541:
11538:
11536:
11535:Joseph Lister
11533:
11531:
11528:
11526:
11523:
11521:
11518:
11517:
11515:
11511:
11503:
11500:
11498:
11495:
11493:
11490:
11488:
11485:
11484:
11482:
11480:
11477:
11476:
11474:
11470:
11463:
11459:
11457:
11454:
11452:
11449:
11445:
11442:
11440:
11437:
11435:
11432:
11430:
11427:
11426:
11424:
11420:
11417:
11415:
11414:Health Canada
11412:
11411:
11409:
11405:
11402:
11401:
11399:
11395:
11392:
11390:
11387:
11386:
11384:
11380:
11377:
11376:
11374:
11370:
11367:
11366:
11364:
11363:
11361:
11359:Organizations
11357:
11354:
11346:
11340:
11337:
11335:
11332:
11330:
11327:
11325:
11322:
11320:
11317:
11315:
11312:
11310:
11307:
11305:
11302:
11300:
11297:
11295:
11292:
11291:
11289:
11283:
11275:
11272:
11270:
11267:
11266:
11265:
11262:
11260:
11257:
11253:
11250:
11248:
11245:
11243:
11240:
11238:
11235:
11233:
11230:
11228:
11225:
11223:
11220:
11219:
11217:
11216:
11214:
11208:
11202:
11199:
11197:
11196:Vaccine trial
11194:
11192:
11189:
11187:
11184:
11182:
11179:
11177:
11174:
11170:
11167:
11166:
11165:
11162:
11158:
11155:
11154:
11153:
11150:
11146:
11143:
11142:
11141:
11138:
11136:
11133:
11132:
11130:
11124:
11118:
11115:
11111:
11109:
11105:
11103:
11101:
11096:
11094:
11091:
11089:
11086:
11084:
11081:
11080:
11079:
11076:
11074:
11073:Relative risk
11071:
11069:
11066:
11064:
11061:
11060:
11058:
11052:
11046:
11043:
11039:
11036:
11034:
11033:Health equity
11031:
11029:
11026:
11025:
11024:
11021:
11019:
11016:
11014:
11011:
11009:
11006:
11004:
11001:
10999:
10998:Health system
10996:
10994:
10991:
10989:
10988:Global health
10986:
10984:
10981:
10979:
10976:
10974:
10971:
10969:
10968:Biostatistics
10966:
10965:
10963:
10961:
10957:
10951:
10948:
10946:
10943:
10941:
10938:
10936:
10933:
10929:
10926:
10924:
10921:
10919:
10916:
10914:
10911:
10909:
10906:
10904:
10901:
10900:
10899:
10896:
10894:
10891:
10889:
10886:
10882:
10879:
10878:
10877:
10874:
10870:
10867:
10865:
10862:
10860:
10857:
10855:
10852:
10850:
10847:
10845:
10842:
10841:
10840:
10837:
10833:
10830:
10828:
10825:
10823:
10820:
10818:
10815:
10814:
10813:
10810:
10806:
10803:
10801:
10798:
10797:
10796:
10793:
10791:
10788:
10786:
10783:
10779:
10776:
10775:
10774:
10771:
10770:
10768:
10766:
10762:
10756:
10753:
10751:
10748:
10746:
10743:
10741:
10738:
10736:
10733:
10731:
10728:
10726:
10723:
10721:
10718:
10716:
10713:
10711:
10710:Right to food
10708:
10706:
10703:
10701:
10698:
10696:
10693:
10689:
10686:
10684:
10681:
10679:
10676:
10674:
10671:
10669:
10666:
10665:
10664:
10661:
10659:
10656:
10654:
10651:
10648:
10644:
10643:Mental health
10641:
10639:
10636:
10634:
10631:
10629:
10626:
10624:
10621:
10619:
10616:
10612:
10609:
10607:
10604:
10603:
10602:
10599:
10597:
10594:
10592:
10591:Housing First
10589:
10585:
10582:
10580:
10579:Health system
10577:
10576:
10575:
10574:Health policy
10572:
10570:
10567:
10565:
10562:
10560:
10557:
10555:
10552:
10550:
10547:
10545:
10542:
10538:
10535:
10533:
10530:
10529:
10528:
10525:
10523:
10520:
10518:
10515:
10513:
10510:
10508:
10505:
10503:
10500:
10498:
10495:
10494:
10492:
10488:
10484:
10483:Public health
10477:
10472:
10470:
10465:
10463:
10458:
10457:
10454:
10441:
10438:
10436:
10433:
10432:
10428:
10422:
10419:
10417:
10414:
10412:
10411:Public sector
10409:
10407:
10404:
10402:
10399:
10397:
10394:
10392:
10389:
10387:
10384:
10382:
10379:
10377:
10374:
10372:
10369:
10367:
10364:
10360:
10357:
10355:
10352:
10350:
10347:
10346:
10345:
10342:
10340:
10337:
10335:
10332:
10328:
10325:
10324:
10323:
10320:
10318:
10315:
10314:
10312:
10310:
10306:
10300:
10297:
10295:
10292:
10289:
10286:
10283:
10280:
10277:
10274:
10272:
10269:
10267:
10266:Literacy rate
10264:
10262:
10259:
10257:
10254:
10252:
10249:
10247:
10244:
10243:
10241:
10237:
10230:
10227:
10225:
10222:
10220:
10217:
10215:
10212:
10210:
10207:
10205:
10202:
10200:
10197:
10195:
10192:
10190:
10187:
10185:
10182:
10180:
10177:
10175:
10172:
10171:
10169:
10167:
10163:
10157:
10154:
10152:
10149:
10147:
10144:
10142:
10138:
10135:
10133:
10130:
10128:
10125:
10123:
10120:
10118:
10115:
10113:
10110:
10108:
10105:
10103:
10100:
10098:
10095:
10093:
10090:
10088:
10087:Age structure
10085:
10083:
10080:
10078:
10075:
10074:
10072:
10070:
10065:
10059:
10056:
10054:
10053:world regions
10051:
10049:
10048:South America
10046:
10044:
10041:
10039:
10038:North America
10036:
10034:
10031:
10029:
10026:
10024:
10021:
10019:
10016:
10015:
10013:
10011:
10007:
10001:
9998:
9996:
9993:
9991:
9988:
9986:
9983:
9981:
9978:
9976:
9973:
9971:
9968:
9966:
9963:
9961:
9958:
9957:
9955:
9951:
9945:
9942:
9940:
9937:
9935:
9932:
9931:
9929:
9927:
9923:
9917:
9914:
9912:
9909:
9907:
9904:
9902:
9899:
9897:
9894:
9892:
9889:
9887:
9884:
9882:
9879:
9877:
9874:
9872:
9869:
9867:
9864:
9862:
9859:
9857:
9854:
9852:
9849:
9847:
9844:
9842:
9839:
9838:
9836:
9832:
9826:
9825:Megalopolises
9823:
9821:
9818:
9816:
9813:
9811:
9808:
9807:
9805:
9801:
9795:
9792:
9790:
9789:Latin America
9787:
9785:
9782:
9780:
9777:
9775:
9772:
9770:
9767:
9765:
9762:
9760:
9757:
9756:
9754:
9750:
9744:
9743:South America
9741:
9739:
9736:
9732:
9729:
9728:
9727:
9726:North America
9724:
9722:
9719:
9717:
9714:
9712:
9709:
9707:
9704:
9703:
9701:
9699:
9695:
9689:
9686:
9682:
9679:
9678:
9677:
9674:
9673:
9671:
9669:
9665:
9661:
9657:
9650:
9645:
9643:
9638:
9636:
9631:
9630:
9627:
9615:
9607:
9605:
9604:
9595:
9594:
9591:
9585:
9582:
9580:
9577:
9575:
9572:
9570:
9567:
9565:
9564:Bennett's law
9562:
9561:
9559:
9555:
9549:
9546:
9544:
9541:
9539:
9536:
9534:
9531:
9529:
9526:
9524:
9521:
9519:
9516:
9514:
9511:
9509:
9506:
9504:
9501:
9499:
9496:
9494:
9491:
9490:
9488:
9485:organizations
9480:
9474:
9471:
9467:
9464:
9462:
9459:
9457:
9454:
9453:
9452:
9449:
9447:
9444:
9442:
9439:
9438:
9436:
9432:
9426:
9423:
9421:
9418:
9417:
9415:
9411:
9405:
9402:
9400:
9397:
9393:
9390:
9388:
9385:
9383:
9380:
9378:
9375:
9373:
9370:
9369:
9368:
9365:
9363:
9360:
9358:
9355:
9351:
9348:
9346:
9343:
9341:
9338:
9336:
9333:
9332:
9331:
9328:
9324:
9321:
9320:
9319:
9316:
9314:
9312:
9308:
9306:
9303:
9302:
9300:
9294:
9288:
9285:
9283:
9280:
9278:
9275:
9273:
9272:Kaya identity
9270:
9267:
9263:
9261:
9258:
9256:
9253:
9252:
9250:
9247:
9240:
9234:
9231:
9229:
9226:
9224:
9221:
9217:
9214:
9213:
9212:
9209:
9207:
9204:
9203:
9201:
9198:
9191:
9185:
9182:
9180:
9177:
9175:
9172:
9170:
9167:
9165:
9162:
9160:
9157:
9155:
9152:
9151:
9149:
9145:
9141:
9134:
9129:
9127:
9122:
9120:
9115:
9114:
9111:
9099:
9098:
9089:
9087:
9086:
9081:
9077:
9075:
9074:
9065:
9061:
9058:
9057:
9056:
9055:
9046:
9045:
9042:
9036:
9033:
9031:
9028:
9026:
9023:
9022:
9020:
9016:
9010:
9007:
9005:
9002:
9000:
8997:
8995:
8992:
8990:
8987:
8986:
8984:
8980:
8974:
8971:
8969:
8966:
8964:
8961:
8959:
8956:
8954:
8951:
8949:
8946:
8944:
8941:
8939:
8936:
8934:
8931:
8929:
8926:
8924:
8921:
8919:
8916:
8914:
8911:
8910:
8908:
8904:
8898:
8897:Urban ecology
8895:
8893:
8890:
8888:
8885:
8883:
8880:
8878:
8875:
8873:
8870:
8868:
8865:
8863:
8860:
8858:
8855:
8853:
8850:
8846:
8843:
8842:
8841:
8838:
8836:
8833:
8831:
8828:
8826:
8823:
8821:
8818:
8814:
8811:
8810:
8809:
8806:
8804:
8801:
8800:
8798:
8794:
8789:
8779:
8776:
8774:
8771:
8769:
8766:
8764:
8761:
8759:
8756:
8754:
8751:
8749:
8746:
8744:
8741:
8739:
8736:
8735:
8733:
8729:
8725:
8718:
8713:
8711:
8706:
8704:
8699:
8698:
8695:
8685:
8675:
8670:
8665:
8657:
8649:
8640:
8636:
8626:
8620:
8617:
8615:
8612:
8610:
8604:
8602:
8599:
8597:
8594:
8592:
8589:
8588:
8586:
8584:
8580:
8574:
8571:
8569:
8566:
8564:
8561:
8559:
8556:
8554:
8551:
8549:
8546:
8544:
8541:
8539:
8536:
8535:
8533:
8529:
8523:
8520:
8518:
8515:
8513:
8510:
8508:
8505:
8503:
8500:
8498:
8495:
8493:
8490:
8488:
8485:
8484:
8482:
8478:
8472:
8469:
8465:
8462:
8460:
8457:
8456:
8455:
8452:
8451:
8449:
8445:
8439:
8438:Water quality
8436:
8434:
8431:
8429:
8426:
8424:
8421:
8419:
8416:
8414:
8411:
8409:
8406:
8404:
8401:
8397:
8394:
8392:
8389:
8388:
8387:
8384:
8382:
8379:
8377:
8374:
8372:
8369:
8367:
8364:
8362:
8359:
8357:
8354:
8352:
8349:
8347:
8344:
8340:
8337:
8336:
8335:
8332:
8330:
8327:
8325:
8322:
8320:
8317:
8315:
8312:
8310:
8307:
8305:
8302:
8300:
8297:
8295:
8292:
8290:
8287:
8286:
8284:
8282:
8278:
8272:
8269:
8267:
8264:
8262:
8259:
8256:
8252:
8248:
8244:
8241:
8238:
8234:
8231:
8229:
8226:
8225:
8223:
8221:
8217:
8211:
8208:
8206:
8203:
8201:
8200:Traffic signs
8198:
8196:
8193:
8191:
8188:
8187:
8185:
8183:
8179:
8173:
8170:
8169:
8167:
8165:
8161:
8153:
8150:
8148:
8145:
8144:
8143:
8140:
8138:
8135:
8133:
8130:
8126:
8125:Microplastics
8123:
8122:
8121:
8118:
8116:
8115:Nanomaterials
8113:
8109:
8106:
8105:
8104:
8101:
8097:
8094:
8092:
8089:
8087:
8084:
8082:
8079:
8077:
8074:
8072:
8069:
8068:
8067:
8064:
8062:
8059:
8055:
8054:Lead smelting
8052:
8051:
8050:
8047:
8043:
8040:
8038:
8035:
8033:
8030:
8028:
8025:
8023:
8020:
8018:
8015:
8014:
8013:
8010:
8008:
8005:
8003:
8000:
7998:
7995:
7991:
7988:
7987:
7986:
7983:
7981:
7978:
7976:
7973:
7971:
7968:
7967:
7965:
7961:
7955:
7952:
7950:
7947:
7945:
7942:
7940:
7937:
7935:
7932:
7930:
7927:
7923:
7920:
7918:
7915:
7913:
7910:
7909:
7908:
7905:
7904:
7902:
7900:
7896:
7890:
7887:
7885:
7882:
7880:
7877:
7875:
7874:Radioactivity
7872:
7870:
7867:
7865:
7862:
7860:
7857:
7855:
7852:
7850:
7847:
7845:
7842:
7841:
7839:
7837:
7833:
7827:
7826:Noise control
7824:
7821:
7818:
7815:
7811:
7808:
7807:
7806:
7803:
7801:
7798:
7794:
7791:
7789:
7786:
7784:
7781:
7779:
7776:
7773:
7772:
7771:
7768:
7767:
7765:
7763:
7759:
7753:
7750:
7748:
7745:
7743:
7740:
7738:
7735:
7734:
7732:
7728:
7722:
7719:
7715:
7712:
7710:
7707:
7706:
7705:
7702:
7701:
7699:
7697:
7693:
7687:
7684:
7683:
7681:
7677:
7669:
7666:
7665:
7664:
7661:
7659:
7656:
7654:
7651:
7650:
7648:
7646:
7642:
7636:
7633:
7631:
7628:
7624:
7621:
7620:
7619:
7616:
7612:
7609:
7608:
7607:
7604:
7602:
7599:
7597:
7594:
7590:
7587:
7585:
7582:
7580:
7577:
7575:
7574:Metal working
7572:
7570:
7567:
7566:
7565:
7562:
7560:
7557:
7555:
7552:
7550:
7547:
7545:
7542:
7540:
7537:
7535:
7532:
7528:
7525:
7524:
7523:
7520:
7516:
7513:
7512:
7511:
7508:
7506:
7503:
7499:
7496:
7495:
7494:
7491:
7487:
7484:
7482:
7479:
7477:
7474:
7472:
7469:
7468:
7467:
7464:
7462:
7459:
7457:
7454:
7452:
7449:
7447:
7444:
7443:
7441:
7439:
7435:
7431:
7426:
7422:
7415:
7410:
7408:
7403:
7401:
7396:
7395:
7392:
7386:
7383:
7380:
7377:
7374:
7371:
7368:
7365:
7363:
7359:
7356:
7354:
7350:
7346:
7342:
7339:
7336:
7333:
7330:
7326:
7323:
7321:
7318:
7317:
7304:
7300:
7295:
7290:
7286:
7282:
7278:
7274:
7270:
7266:
7261:
7256:
7252:
7248:
7247:
7242:
7235:
7220:
7216:
7209:
7193:
7189:
7183:
7176:
7170:
7162:
7158:
7154:
7150:
7146:
7142:
7138:
7134:
7127:
7118:
7111:
7107:
7101:
7085:
7081:
7074:
7067:
7062:
7055:
7049:
7034:
7030:
7023:
7015:
7009:
7005:
7004:
6996:
6990:(2014) p 206
6989:
6983:
6976:
6972:
6971:
6966:
6961:
6956:
6950:
6943:
6937:
6930:
6927:Lee Jackson,
6924:
6908:
6907:"Deadly Smog"
6902:
6887:
6883:
6876:
6868:
6864:
6860:
6856:
6852:
6848:
6844:
6840:
6839:
6831:
6823:
6819:
6815:
6811:
6807:
6803:
6799:
6795:
6794:
6786:
6778:
6774:
6769:
6764:
6760:
6756:
6752:
6748:
6744:
6740:
6736:
6729:
6721:
6715:
6707:
6703:
6699:
6693:
6689:
6682:
6680:
6671:
6665:
6657:
6653:
6649:
6643:
6639:
6632:
6616:
6612:
6606:
6598:
6594:
6590:
6586:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6566:
6562:
6558:
6554:
6550:
6549:
6544:
6537:
6521:
6517:
6511:
6492:
6486:
6478:
6474:
6470:
6466:
6462:
6458:
6455:(4): 105277.
6454:
6450:
6442:
6434:
6430:
6426:
6422:
6418:
6414:
6409:
6404:
6400:
6396:
6392:
6385:
6377:
6373:
6369:
6365:
6361:
6357:
6350:
6342:
6338:
6334:
6330:
6326:
6322:
6318:
6314:
6310:
6306:
6298:
6290:
6286:
6282:
6278:
6274:
6270:
6267:(2): 105012.
6266:
6262:
6255:
6248:
6240:
6236:
6232:
6228:
6221:
6213:
6209:
6205:
6201:
6197:
6193:
6188:
6183:
6179:
6175:
6171:
6164:
6149:
6145:
6141:
6137:
6133:
6129:
6125:
6118:
6103:
6102:
6097:
6090:
6079:
6075:
6068:
6062:
6046:
6042:
6036:
6021:
6017:
6011:
6003:
5999:
5995:
5989:
5985:
5978:
5970:
5966:
5962:
5956:
5952:
5945:
5943:
5941:
5933:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5915:
5914:
5913:Science Daily
5909:
5904:
5897:
5893:
5888:
5880:
5876:
5870:
5854:
5850:
5844:
5836:
5830:
5826:
5825:
5817:
5809:
5805:
5801:
5797:
5793:
5789:
5785:
5778:
5770:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5752:
5748:
5744:
5740:
5736:
5729:
5721:
5717:
5713:
5709:
5705:
5701:
5698:(10): 65–66.
5697:
5693:
5692:Physics Today
5689:
5682:
5674:
5670:
5666:
5662:
5658:
5654:
5650:
5646:
5642:
5635:
5627:
5623:
5619:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5601:
5597:
5590:
5583:
5575:
5562:
5554:
5550:
5543:
5535:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5517:
5513:
5509:
5505:
5501:
5497:
5493:
5486:
5478:
5474:
5469:
5464:
5460:
5456:
5452:
5448:
5441:
5433:
5429:
5425:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5407:
5403:
5400:(4): 70–100.
5399:
5395:
5391:
5384:
5369:
5365:
5358:
5351:
5345:
5330:
5326:
5322:
5315:
5304:
5300:
5293:
5287:
5279:
5275:
5271:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5253:
5249:
5245:
5241:
5234:
5219:. 23 Nov 2023
5218:
5214:
5208:
5200:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5182:
5178:
5174:
5170:
5166:
5162:
5158:
5151:
5135:
5131:
5124:
5116:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5098:
5094:
5090:
5086:
5082:
5078:
5074:
5070:
5063:
5055:
5051:
5047:
5043:
5039:
5035:
5031:
5027:
5023:
5019:
5015:
5011:
5004:
4989:
4988:
4983:
4976:
4961:
4960:
4955:
4948:
4941:
4937:
4934:
4929:
4922:
4918:
4915:
4910:
4903:
4899:
4896:
4891:
4876:on 9 May 2007
4875:
4871:
4865:
4858:
4853:
4846:
4842:
4838:
4835:
4830:
4822:
4818:
4814:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4797:(10): 29–39.
4796:
4792:
4788:
4781:
4766:
4762:
4756:
4748:
4744:
4740:
4736:
4732:
4728:
4721:
4706:
4702:
4696:
4689:
4685:
4682:
4676:
4669:
4659:
4652:
4647:
4628:
4621:
4615:
4608:
4604:
4600:
4597:
4587:
4572:
4568:
4562:
4555:
4551:
4548:
4542:
4535:
4534:Silent Spring
4530:
4522:
4518:
4514:
4508:
4504:
4503:
4495:
4493:
4476:
4472:
4468:
4461:
4453:
4447:
4431:
4425:
4418:
4414:
4409:
4403:website page)
4402:
4398:
4394:
4391:
4386:
4377:
4373:
4369:
4365:
4359:
4344:
4343:
4338:
4332:
4324:
4320:
4316:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4288:
4284:
4280:
4276:
4272:
4265:
4250:
4246:
4240:
4233:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4213:
4206:
4198:
4193:
4189:
4183:
4179:
4175:
4171:
4164:
4155:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4135:
4127:
4123:
4119:
4115:
4109:
4093:
4089:
4083:
4067:
4063:
4059:
4053:
4038:
4034:
4027:
4020:
4014:
4006:
3994:
3986:
3980:
3976:
3969:
3953:
3949:
3943:
3928:
3924:
3917:
3915:
3906:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3888:
3884:
3880:
3876:
3872:
3868:
3864:
3857:
3855:
3839:
3838:
3833:
3826:
3824:
3808:
3807:
3802:
3795:
3787:
3783:
3779:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3761:
3757:
3753:
3749:
3742:
3734:
3730:
3726:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3696:
3689:
3687:
3671:
3667:
3663:
3657:
3649:
3645:
3641:
3634:
3618:
3614:
3608:
3604:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3584:Radioactivity
3582:
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3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
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3485:
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3474:Marine debris
3472:
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3408:
3405:
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3388:
3387:
3386:Air pollution
3382:
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3366:
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3359:
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3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3310:
3304:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3283:microplastics
3280:
3276:
3272:
3267:
3265:
3260:
3256:
3252:
3248:
3243:
3239:
3235:
3230:
3228:
3224:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3211:nuclear power
3208:
3207:radioactivity
3204:
3200:
3196:
3194:
3190:
3186:
3182:
3181:Lake Karachay
3178:
3173:
3171:
3170:city planning
3167:
3163:
3159:
3155:
3151:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3128:
3123:
3119:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3108:Clean Air Act
3105:
3100:
3098:
3093:
3089:
3084:
3082:
3078:
3073:
3071:
3067:
3063:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3045:air pollution
3041:
3038:
3027:
3022:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3007:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2988:water quality
2979:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2964:King Edward I
2956:
2952:
2950:
2946:
2941:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2922:Air pollution
2913:
2909:
2899:
2897:
2896:cap and trade
2893:
2889:
2888:Pigouvian tax
2885:
2880:
2878:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2860:
2858:
2853:
2851:
2847:
2846:marginal cost
2843:
2839:
2834:
2825:
2821:
2818:
2812:
2802:
2798:
2792:
2778:
2777:externalities
2774:
2772:
2771:supply chains
2769:
2764:
2762:
2761:microplastics
2758:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2729:
2722:
2711:
2709:
2705:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2692:Manufacturing
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2662:Lead smelting
2660:
2658:
2654:
2651:
2648:
2645:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2631:
2629:
2623:
2621:
2620:public safety
2617:
2612:
2608:
2607:air pollution
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2558:
2555:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2532:Sedimentation
2530:
2529:
2528:
2525:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
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2334:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2294:
2287:
2286:United States
2283:
2278:
2271:
2267:
2262:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2209:air pollution
2206:
2202:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2179:
2171:
2157:
2153:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2135:
2132:
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2124:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2110:
2107:
2103:
2100:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2064:
2060:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2014:
2007:
2003:
1994:
1985:
1983:
1982:birth defects
1979:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1919:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1906:by untreated
1905:
1901:
1896:
1894:
1889:
1888:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1857:
1855:
1845:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1813:
1811:
1807:
1802:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1778:
1773:
1763:
1761:
1760:plastic waste
1755:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1736:
1728:
1725:'s downtown,
1724:
1719:
1715:
1709:
1705:
1704:world's waste
1701:
1694:
1690:
1685:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1670:nuclear waste
1667:
1666:petrochemical
1663:
1659:
1656:, coal-fired
1655:
1651:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1639:United States
1636:
1632:
1625:
1621:
1616:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1587:
1583:
1579:
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1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1533:
1528:
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1521:
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1509:
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1501:
1498:
1495:
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1488:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1432:microplastics
1429:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1410:roadway noise
1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1396:interference.
1395:
1391:
1387:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1369:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1313:Air pollution
1311:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1285:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1262:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1251:treaty bodies
1248:
1244:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1223:
1219:
1218:air pollution
1215:
1210:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1171:air pollution
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1147:
1145:
1141:
1140:microplastics
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1104:manufacturing
1101:
1096:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1071:
1066:
1064:
1059:
1057:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1048:
1043:
1033:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1020:
1019:
1018:
1007:
1004:
1003:
1002:
1001:
997:
996:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
967:
966:
965:
961:
960:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
916:
910:
909:
900:
897:
895:
892:
891:
890:
887:
885:
882:
881:
875:
874:
867:
864:
862:
861:Water quality
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
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734:
732:
729:
728:
725:
720:
719:
712:
709:
707:
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702:
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690:
687:
685:
682:
681:
680:
677:
673:
670:
669:
668:
665:
663:
660:
659:
656:
651:
650:
643:
640:
638:
637:Traffic signs
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
619:
616:
611:
610:
603:
600:
599:
596:
591:
590:
583:
580:
579:
573:
572:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
544:Nanomaterials
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
481:
475:
474:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
433:
430:
425:
424:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
406:Radioactivity
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
368:
365:
360:
359:
352:
351:Soundproofing
349:
347:
346:Noise control
344:
342:
341:Noise barrier
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
323:
320:
315:
314:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
288:
282:
281:
274:
271:
267:
264:
262:
259:
258:
257:
254:
253:
250:
245:
244:
237:
234:
233:
227:
226:
217:
214:
213:
212:
209:
207:
204:
202:
199:
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189:
182:
179:
177:
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172:
169:
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162:
159:
157:
154:
152:
149:
147:
144:
142:
139:
137:
134:
132:
129:
127:
124:
122:
119:
117:
114:
112:
109:
107:
104:
103:
100:
95:
94:
87:
83:
82:
79:
74:
73:
69:
65:
64:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
41:
33:
19:
11765:
11748:
11731:
11714:
11702:from Commons
11697:
11680:
11659:
11610:
11598:
11586:
11555:Radium Girls
11550:Typhoid Mary
11237:Microbiology
11107:
11099:
10983:Epidemiology
10881:Organization
10832:Oral hygiene
10822:Hand washing
10800:Healthy diet
10730:Right to sit
10662:
10623:Labor rights
10386:Labour force
10214:Suicide rate
10199:Obesity rate
10156:Urbanization
10097:Divorce rate
10069:demographics
9810:World cities
9601:
9413:Publications
9372:Antinatalism
9310:
9287:World3 model
9147:Major topics
9095:
9083:
9071:
9052:
8953:Road ecology
8906:Applications
8882:Radioecology
8845:epidemiology
8778:Soil science
8773:Oceanography
8517:Point source
8459:Heavy metals
8433:Urban runoff
8413:Sulfur water
8391:Septic tanks
8237:Agent Orange
8091:Mining waste
7917:Manure waste
7747:Volcanic ash
7623:Black carbon
7579:Oil refining
7564:Particulates
7493:Construction
7420:
7250:
7244:
7234:
7222:. Retrieved
7218:
7208:
7196:. Retrieved
7191:
7182:
7174:
7169:
7139:(5): 55–65.
7136:
7132:
7126:
7117:
7105:
7100:
7088:. Retrieved
7084:the original
7073:
7061:
7053:
7048:
7036:. Retrieved
7022:
7002:
6995:
6987:
6982:
6974:
6968:
6949:
6941:
6936:
6928:
6923:
6911:. Retrieved
6901:
6889:. Retrieved
6875:
6842:
6836:
6830:
6797:
6791:
6785:
6742:
6738:
6728:
6687:
6637:
6631:
6619:. Retrieved
6614:
6605:
6552:
6546:
6536:
6526:30 September
6524:. Retrieved
6519:
6510:
6500:30 September
6498:. Retrieved
6496:. Greenpeace
6485:
6452:
6448:
6441:
6398:
6394:
6384:
6359:
6355:
6349:
6308:
6304:
6297:
6264:
6260:
6247:
6233:(3): 31–41.
6230:
6226:
6220:
6177:
6173:
6163:
6151:. Retrieved
6131:
6127:
6117:
6105:. Retrieved
6099:
6089:
6073:
6061:
6049:. Retrieved
6044:
6035:
6023:. Retrieved
6019:
6010:
5983:
5977:
5950:
5931:The Guardian
5929:
5921:
5911:
5903:
5895:
5887:
5878:
5869:
5857:. Retrieved
5852:
5843:
5823:
5816:
5791:
5787:
5777:
5742:
5738:
5728:
5695:
5691:
5681:
5648:
5644:
5634:
5599:
5595:
5582:
5561:cite journal
5542:
5499:
5495:
5485:
5450:
5440:
5415:10871/122348
5397:
5393:
5383:
5371:. Retrieved
5367:
5357:
5344:
5332:. Retrieved
5324:
5314:
5298:
5286:
5251:
5247:
5233:
5221:. Retrieved
5216:
5207:
5164:
5160:
5150:
5138:. Retrieved
5134:the original
5123:
5080:
5076:
5062:
5013:
5009:
5003:
4991:. Retrieved
4985:
4975:
4963:. Retrieved
4957:
4947:
4928:
4909:
4890:
4878:. Retrieved
4874:the original
4864:
4852:
4829:
4794:
4790:
4780:
4768:. Retrieved
4764:
4755:
4733:(1): 29–36.
4730:
4726:
4720:
4708:. Retrieved
4704:
4695:
4675:
4658:
4646:
4634:. Retrieved
4627:the original
4614:
4586:
4574:. Retrieved
4571:Ppsthane.com
4570:
4561:
4541:
4533:
4529:
4501:
4479:. Retrieved
4475:the original
4470:
4460:
4434:. Retrieved
4424:
4408:
4399:(Transport,
4385:
4358:
4346:. Retrieved
4340:
4331:
4278:
4274:
4264:
4252:. Retrieved
4248:
4239:
4211:
4205:
4169:
4163:
4144:
4134:
4126:the original
4117:
4108:
4096:. Retrieved
4091:
4082:
4070:. Retrieved
4066:the original
4061:
4052:
4040:. Retrieved
4036:
4026:
4018:
4013:
3974:
3968:
3956:. Retrieved
3951:
3942:
3930:. Retrieved
3927:The Guardian
3926:
3870:
3866:
3841:. Retrieved
3837:The Guardian
3835:
3810:. Retrieved
3806:Science News
3804:
3794:
3759:
3755:
3741:
3706:
3702:
3673:. Retrieved
3669:
3656:
3639:
3633:
3621:. Retrieved
3607:
3579:Space debris
3511:
3510:
3459:
3458:
3427:
3426:
3384:
3383:
3367:
3290:
3287:
3268:
3231:
3197:
3189:Soviet Union
3174:
3138:Hudson River
3131:
3101:
3085:
3074:
3042:
3034:
3024:
3015:August Bebel
3008:
2985:
2982:19th century
2961:
2942:
2933:
2920:
2881:
2867:
2861:
2854:
2830:
2814:
2788:
2765:
2734:
2701:
2637:
2624:
2604:
2520:Wet scrubber
2387:
2353:
2349:urban runoff
2310:
2272:, Australia.
2203:
2175:
2088:biodiversity
2037:heavy metals
2027:
2016:
2010:
1991:
1967:heavy metals
1931:hearing loss
1920:
1897:
1885:
1858:
1854:Anthropocene
1850:
1821:Human health
1810:fossil fuels
1803:
1789:
1756:
1752:
1743:
1731:
1686:
1658:power plants
1629:
1590:
1555:
1524:space debris
1516:strip mining
1450:heavy metals
1446:hydrocarbons
1394:astronomical
1379:non-ionizing
1349:hydrocarbons
1335:produced by
1317:particulates
1306:contaminants
1303:
1268:
1253:. Pollution
1239:
1235:Global South
1211:
1148:
1120:point source
1097:
1085:contaminants
1080:
1079:
949:Point source
894:Heavy metals
856:Urban runoff
841:Sulfur water
816:Septic tanks
672:Agent Orange
582:Space debris
436:Agricultural
301:Volcanic ash
161:Particulates
75:
46:
39:
11682:Definitions
11640:Environment
11612:WikiProject
11352:and history
11232:Engineering
10945:Vaccination
10817:Food safety
9794:Middle East
9296:Society and
9255:Biocapacity
9097:WikiProject
8943:Remediation
8758:Geosciences
8731:Main fields
8487:Area source
8396:Pit latrine
8319:Groundwater
8076:Gold mining
8071:Coal mining
8042:Toxic waste
8007:Green waste
7980:Brown waste
7963:Solid waste
7510:Exhaust gas
7090:10 December
7038:14 February
5468:10945/61763
5368:www.who.int
4430:"Pollution"
4337:"Wildfires"
4088:"pollution"
4001:|work=
3549:Externality
3234:Amoco Cadiz
3193:Chelyabinsk
3070:Los Angeles
2992:Great Stink
2976:wheelbarrow
2890:(such as a
2864:free market
2842:social cost
2611:externality
2515:Spray tower
2333:environment
2266:Yarra River
2178:environment
2092:allelopathy
2013:environment
1997:Environment
1971:radioactive
1895:installed.
1861:air quality
1706:. In 2007,
1620:fossil fuel
1600:suffocation
1570:ozone layer
1506:, motorway
1504:power lines
1494:temperature
1331:(CFCs) and
1116:agriculture
919:Area source
761:Groundwater
514:Green waste
494:Brown waste
478:Solid waste
236:Information
131:Exhaust gas
11780:Categories
11716:Quotations
11365:Caribbean
11242:Processing
11176:Quarantine
11098:Student's
10898:Sanitation
10532:History of
10349:by country
10141:Irreligion
10122:Median age
9985:Birth rate
9820:Megacities
9764:Arab world
9711:Antarctica
9483:Events and
9298:population
9244:Population
9195:Population
9140:Population
9060:scientists
8639:by country
8635:Categories
8573:Zero waste
8454:Pollutants
8408:Stagnation
8346:Monitoring
8314:Freshwater
8190:Air travel
8002:Food waste
7922:Pesticides
7912:Herbicides
7816:Industrial
7645:Biological
7505:Demolition
7498:Renovation
7481:Joss paper
7466:Combustion
7327:– from US
7260:1609.01041
7068:(BBC News)
6311:(3): 179.
5859:12 October
5794:: 100123.
5745:: e00477.
5329:Indiatimes
4993:1 December
4965:20 October
4576:1 December
4481:1 December
4436:1 December
4417:Australian
4368:Roser, Max
4306:11323/7574
3984:0262621649
3932:18 January
3843:20 October
3812:1 December
3599:References
3489:Stormwater
3399:Arden Pope
3166:brownfield
3150:Love Canal
3114:, and the
3053:Cincinnati
2892:carbon tax
2809:See also:
2780:pollution.
2757:ecosystems
2741:globalized
2640:Pure Earth
2567:Biofilters
2451:Smog Tower
2446:Green wall
2421:Mitigating
2365:-attached
2235:, and the
2143:can cause
1965:and other
1955:neurologic
1916:sanitation
1877:congestion
1510:, scarred
1508:billboards
1462:pesticides
1458:herbicides
1357:micrometre
1255:mitigation
1249:and other
1163:persistent
1155:regulation
1093:Pollutants
1006:By country
998:Categories
889:Pollutants
866:Wastewater
836:Stagnation
781:Monitoring
756:Freshwater
622:Air travel
509:Food waste
451:Defecation
261:Ecological
194:Biological
126:Combustion
66:Part of a
11786:Pollution
11750:Textbooks
11660:Pollution
11545:John Snow
11472:Education
11462:Full list
11350:education
11274:ISO 22000
11227:Chemistry
11140:Epidemics
11093:ROC curve
10903:Emergency
10683:Radiation
10663:Pollution
10647:Ministers
10544:Euthenics
10146:Sex ratio
9731:Caribbean
9579:Migration
9456:6 billion
8938:Recycling
8808:Chemistry
8768:Limnology
8763:Hydrology
8531:Responses
8502:Garbology
8428:Turbidity
8376:Oil spill
8309:Firewater
8210:Vandalism
8172:Satellite
7869:Poisoning
7864:Plutonium
7844:Actinides
7836:Radiation
7584:Wood dust
7446:Acid rain
7421:Pollution
7285:2375-2548
7161:145396822
6867:176767223
6759:0008-6363
6714:cite book
6706:796082268
6664:cite book
6477:233901225
6469:2213-3437
6417:0273-1223
6376:2452-2236
6362:: 13–17.
6325:1573-2959
6289:233532794
6281:2213-3437
6196:2191-0308
6148:2662-138X
6002:495996799
5969:819816787
5808:2452-414X
5739:HardwareX
5720:0031-9228
5665:1945-7782
5618:1945-7782
5516:0002-8282
5477:135425218
5432:226513602
5424:1945-7782
5270:2542-5196
5161:GeoHealth
5140:26 August
5097:2542-5196
5038:0944-1344
4959:USA Today
4880:26 August
4821:198582480
4813:2626-8493
4636:26 August
4547:Pollution
4323:224936937
4315:1674-9871
4003:ignored (
3993:cite book
3778:2542-5196
3733:248905224
3642:: 23–41.
3623:26 August
3539:Earth Day
3223:Fukushima
3219:Chernobyl
3162:Superfund
2898:systems.
2677:Landfills
2649:recycling
2490:Scrubbers
2473:Baghouses
2406:Recycling
2400:Practices
2367:economics
2321:effluents
2317:emissions
2145:acid rain
2127:organisms
2106:fertilise
2076:leads to
1898:In 2019,
1893:scrubbers
1887:GeoHealth
1735:landfills
1592:Wildfires
1566:acid rain
1558:volcanoes
1514:(as from
1512:landforms
1400:Littering
1377:in their
1087:into the
1081:Pollution
934:Garbology
851:Turbidity
801:Oil spill
751:Firewater
736:Biosolids
642:Vandalism
401:Poisoning
396:Plutonium
371:Actinides
364:Radiation
106:Acid rain
77:Pollution
42:(journal)
11588:Category
11287:sciences
11222:Additive
10893:Safe sex
10864:Medicine
10778:Theories
10549:Genomics
10527:Eugenics
10517:Deviance
10497:Auxology
10309:Economic
10137:Religion
9759:Americas
9614:Category
9382:Natalism
9305:Eugenics
9054:Category
9018:See also
9004:Glossary
8994:Journals
8619:Treaties
8591:Diseases
8403:Shipping
8299:Diseases
8147:Landfill
7822:Abstract
7819:Military
7752:Wildfire
7601:Smelting
7569:Asbestos
7303:27386582
7110:CQ Press
6957:(1911).
6913:2 August
6891:2 August
6777:32123898
6656:20170416
6597:85515425
6589:30910976
6433:58649372
6425:30629532
6333:29492685
6212:44084197
6204:29858909
6078:Archived
5769:37822753
5760:10562912
5673:41838178
5534:26401055
5303:Archived
5299:WaterAid
5278:35594895
5199:35599962
5115:33357500
5054:37640939
5046:28321701
4936:Archived
4917:Archived
4898:Archived
4837:Archived
4684:Archived
4599:Archived
4550:Archived
4521:67019834
4446:cite web
4393:Archived
4376:Archived
4370:(2021).
4122:U.S. EPA
4094:. UNdata
4092:glossary
4042:11 March
3958:11 March
3905:35038861
3786:35594895
3725:35594895
3307:See also
3295:and the
3238:Brittany
3203:Cold War
2968:sea-coal
2934:Science,
2478:Cyclones
2371:globally
2302:Pristina
2270:Victoria
2131:food web
1859:Adverse
1723:Yangzhou
1668:plants,
1337:industry
990:Treaties
970:Diseases
826:Shipping
791:Nutrient
741:Diseases
306:Wildfire
11652:Ecology
11626:Portals
11600:Commons
11513:History
11410:Canada
11385:Europe
10869:Nursing
10849:Hygiene
10812:Hygiene
10537:Liberal
10490:General
10376:Exports
10371:Imports
10290:(TIMSS)
10284:(PIRLS)
10043:Oceania
9784:Islands
9774:Eurasia
9738:Oceania
9603:Commons
9246:ecology
9197:biology
9073:Commons
8989:Degrees
8877:Physics
8872:Geodesy
8803:Biology
8748:Ecology
8648:Commons
8423:Thermal
8324:Hypoxia
8108:Garbage
7879:Uranium
7730:Natural
7679:Digital
7611:Aerosol
7589:Welding
7476:Biomass
7471:Biofuel
7430:History
7358:EPA.gov
7294:4928945
7265:Bibcode
7141:Bibcode
6967:(ed.).
6847:Bibcode
6838:Science
6822:6857273
6802:Bibcode
6793:Science
6768:7449554
6621:7 March
6580:6462052
6557:Bibcode
6520:Reuters
6341:3710964
6107:29 June
6051:7 March
6025:7 March
5700:Bibcode
5626:3329058
5553:2581311
5525:4576916
5334:29 July
5190:9109601
5169:Bibcode
5106:7805008
5018:Bibcode
4735:Bibcode
4668:emitter
4283:Bibcode
4197:7158167
3896:8811958
3875:Bibcode
3675:23 June
3670:Reuters
3279:5 Gyres
3154:dumping
3049:Chicago
2994:on the
2945:forging
2902:History
2884:tariffs
2838:welfare
2817:utility
2667:Tanning
2435:Devices
2429:Compost
2411:Reusing
2375:science
2256:Control
2227:in the
2129:in the
2049:Global
1947:Mercury
1816:Effects
1744:dioxins
1586:mercury
1578:arsenic
1492:, is a
1359:size PM
1124:factory
1110:, poor
884:History
766:Hypoxia
595:Thermal
549:Plastic
411:Uranium
285:Natural
230:Digital
206:Genetic
11400:India
11375:China
11247:Safety
10928:Worker
10278:(PISA)
10166:Health
10067:Other
10033:Europe
10023:Africa
9721:Europe
9706:Africa
9668:Global
9313:genics
8512:Midden
8492:Debris
8447:Topics
8386:Sewage
8339:debris
8334:Marine
8182:Visual
8066:Mining
8061:Litter
7554:Mining
7347:(EPA)
7341:TOXMAP
7335:TOXNET
7301:
7291:
7283:
7224:8 June
7198:8 June
7159:
7010:
6942:Berlin
6931:(2014)
6865:
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6045:US EPA
6000:
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4710:7 June
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4401:Canada
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3110:, the
3106:, the
3062:manure
3011:Berlin
2996:Thames
2972:London
2943:Metal
2894:) and
2872:demand
2697:Dyeing
2653:Mining
2383:inform
2379:policy
2355:Policy
2306:Kosovo
2156:oxygen
1978:cancer
1941:, and
1939:stress
1927:rashes
1908:sewage
1873:throat
1837:, and
1650:Mexico
1643:Russia
1584:, and
1572:, and
1205:, and
1179:litter
1159:policy
1134:), or
944:Midden
939:Legacy
924:Debris
878:Topics
831:Sludge
821:Sewage
776:Marine
615:Visual
534:Mining
529:Litter
68:series
58:Guyana
54:Litter
11733:Texts
11699:Media
11425:U.S.
11269:HACCP
11218:Food
11110:-test
11102:-test
10688:Light
10673:Water
10231:(BMI)
10018:World
9434:Lists
8982:Lists
8813:green
8583:Lists
8522:Waste
8464:Paint
8281:Water
8164:Space
7805:Sonar
7800:Urban
7778:Water
7762:Noise
7737:Ozone
7704:Light
7635:Waste
7527:Smoke
7255:arXiv
7157:S2CID
6963:. In
6863:S2CID
6593:S2CID
6494:(PDF)
6473:S2CID
6429:S2CID
6337:S2CID
6285:S2CID
6257:(PDF)
6208:S2CID
6081:(PDF)
6070:(PDF)
5669:S2CID
5622:S2CID
5592:(PDF)
5473:S2CID
5428:S2CID
5306:(PDF)
5295:(PDF)
5050:S2CID
4817:S2CID
4630:(PDF)
4623:(PDF)
4348:8 May
4319:S2CID
4254:7 May
4098:1 May
4072:1 May
3729:S2CID
3512:Other
3255:PBDEs
3019:sewer
2930:fires
2797:above
2795:(see
2749:water
2708:GRAIN
2574:(DAF)
2325:waste
1975:cause
1881:China
1727:China
1708:China
1647:India
1635:China
1422:sonar
1382:cars.
1363:to PM
1341:ozone
962:Lists
954:Waste
899:Paint
724:Water
576:Space
319:Noise
291:Ozone
256:Light
11767:Data
11201:WASH
11157:List
11145:List
10678:Soil
10028:Asia
9911:2015
9906:2010
9901:2005
9896:2000
9891:1989
9886:1939
9881:1900
9876:1800
9871:1700
9866:1600
9861:1500
9856:1000
9716:Asia
8497:Dust
8480:Misc
7899:Soil
7788:Rail
7774:Land
7618:Soot
7606:Smog
7522:Haze
7351:and
7299:PMID
7281:ISSN
7226:2024
7200:2024
7092:2011
7040:2006
7008:ISBN
6915:2006
6893:2006
6818:PMID
6773:PMID
6755:ISSN
6720:link
6702:OCLC
6692:ISBN
6670:link
6652:OCLC
6642:ISBN
6623:2018
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6528:2020
6502:2020
6465:ISSN
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6413:ISSN
6372:ISSN
6329:PMID
6321:ISSN
6277:ISSN
6200:PMID
6192:ISSN
6155:2024
6144:ISSN
6109:2019
6053:2018
6027:2018
5998:OCLC
5988:ISBN
5965:OCLC
5955:ISBN
5861:2023
5829:ISBN
5804:ISSN
5765:PMID
5716:ISSN
5661:ISSN
5614:ISSN
5574:help
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5512:ISSN
5420:ISSN
5375:2023
5336:2014
5274:PMID
5266:ISSN
5225:2024
5217:News
5195:PMID
5142:2010
5111:PMID
5093:ISSN
5042:PMID
5034:ISSN
4995:2017
4967:2017
4882:2010
4809:ISSN
4772:2022
4712:2022
4638:2010
4578:2017
4517:LCCN
4507:ISBN
4483:2017
4452:link
4438:2017
4350:2022
4311:ISSN
4256:2022
4226:ISBN
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4100:2022
4074:2022
4044:2023
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3960:2023
3934:2022
3901:PMID
3845:2017
3814:2017
3782:PMID
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3721:PMID
3677:2022
3625:2010
3269:The
3259:PFCs
3257:and
3066:smog
3051:and
2938:soot
2910:and
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2747:and
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2735:The
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2655:and
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2601:Cost
2394:Bonn
2319:and
2245:NPOs
2233:PCBs
2139:and
2112:Smog
1980:and
1963:Lead
1923:skin
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1582:lead
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1444:are
1392:and
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429:Soil
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7289:PMC
7273:doi
7219:CNN
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