153:
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Indira made the party into her own puppet organisation while economic malaise and unemployment started deepening. Suppression of railway strikes in 1974 led to fall in working-class support.Centralisation of power and increasing influence of business magnates(which led to more corruption) stoked
260:
of 1967 made it imperative that the ruling class needed to address the concerns of small and middle peasantry against feudal interests. Indira undertook structural reforms to boost middle-class among rural and urban areas as well to project her leftist credentials while simultaneously providing
537:
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and retained the party symbol of a pair of bullocks carrying a yoke. Mrs. Gandhi's breakaway faction were given a new symbol of a cow with suckling calf by the
Election Commission as the party election symbol.
510:
271:
Cheap foodgrains were distributed to the poor by government initiative while influence of businessmen in politics was curtailed by imposing ban on donations to parties through joint-stock companies.
635:
382:
748:
Andersen, Walter K.. India in 1981: Stronger
Political Authority and Social Tension, published in Asian Survey, Vol. 22, No. 2, A Survey of Asia in 1981: Part II (Feb., 1982), pp. 119-135
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Sycophantic party leaders further contributed to the rot in leadership. The regime reached its absolute nadir with the disqualification of Indira and the subsequent
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240:, was then challenged by the majority of the party leadership. Gandhi formed the new party to demonstrate her support amongst the people. In the
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The right-wing tried to control the party but Mrs Gandhi allied with the centre-left forces and fought back and the party split.
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671:
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Leaders like
Jagjivan Ram and Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna left the party as the Emergency became unpopular. Both went on to form
1110:
1074:
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168:
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468:...the split placed the faction of their preference-the Congress left wing- in firm control of the ruling party.
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On May 18, 1974, a significant breakthrough was achieved by the detonation of a nuclear device at
Pokhran.
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196:
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87:
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1037:
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In 1972, general insurance and coal industry were nationalised even as mixed economy was still followed.
264:
383:"Indira Gandhi nationalised 14 Indian banks on this day: Why she did do that and what was the outcome"
997:
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348:
192:
77:
1047:
861:
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416:"The 1970s Indian Economy: A Period of Growing Strains and the Nation's Fight Against Poverty"
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792:
511:"Chaudhary Charan Singh:Champion of farmers, first CM of non-Congress govt in northern India"
300:
The party was removed from power after the emergency was lifted and elections were conducted.
285:
722:"What are Congress (I) & Congress (A)? The 2 party camps in place since 1970s in Kerala"
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Later, in 1978 Indira Gandhi broke away from the
Congress (R) to form the Congress (Indira).
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369:"Difference between old congress and new congress? | EduRev Humanities/Arts Question"
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244:, Congress (R) had secured an overwhelming majority winning 352 out of 518 seats in the
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Congress (I) where the 'I' stands for Indira Gandhi, was a camp that emerged in 1978...
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The letter 'R' stands for 'Requisition'. The original congress party then became the
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696:"Revisiting 1977 elections, when Opposition came together on 'Indira Hatao' slogan"
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298:. On July 1977, Karnataka CM Devaraj Urs separated and formed Congress(U).
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The split occurred when, in 1969, a united opposition under the banner of
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Split in a
Predominant Party: The Indian National Congress in 1969
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from its name, while
Congress (O) merged with parties like the
603:
THE INC (INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS) A PARTY OF IDEA AND CHANGES
263:
The government had a major boost in support after winning the
787:
538:"When Indira Gandhi broke 'One Nation One Election' cycle"
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public sector financial aid to bourgeois industrialists.
318:. Other parties split from Congress(R) party included
294:
on
February 2nd, 1977, which eventually merged with
1133:
187:was created in 1969; it was created and led by
489:. New Delhi: Kalpaz Publications. p. 77.
236:Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister and daughter of
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633:
306:After 1996, Congress (I) dropped the suffix
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659:
401:"1971 When Delhi and Moscow came together"
344:Indian National Congress breakaway parties
282:protests in states like Gujarat and Bihar.
185:Indian National Congress (Requisitionists)
1142:Indian National Congress breakaway groups
634:Chakravartty, Nikhil (31 January 1978).
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1008:Indian National Congress (Organisation)
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230:won control over several states in the
204:Indian National Congress (Organisation)
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562:Banerjee, Sumanta (7 November 1970).
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449:. Abhinav publications. p. 109.
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195:was split, with the other part being
1111:Maintenance of Internal Security Act
1075:State of Uttar Pradesh v. Raj Narain
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1096:Turkman gate demolition and rioting
486:The Congress, Indira to Sonia Gandh
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13:
1033:People's Union for Civil Liberties
993:Communist Party of India (Marxist)
666:. Prabhat Prakashan Pvt. Limited.
14:
1158:
786:
636:"Congress split: Divide to rule"
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151:
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564:"Congress (R), CPI and CPI (M)"
536:Mukul, Sushim (22 March 2024).
443:Singh, Mahendra Prasad (1981).
214:. It was informally called the
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328:Indian National Congress (Urs)
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1121:Indian general election, 1977
694:Ranjan, Alok (18 July 2023).
568:Economic and Political Weekly
414:Kumar, Arun (10 March 2021).
1013:Indian National Congress (R)
197:Indian National Congress (O)
88:Indian National Congress (I)
18:Political party in India
7:
1069:State of Emergency in India
1038:Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
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10:
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793:The Emergency of 1975–1977
663:Sensex of Regional Parties
265:Indo-Pakistani war of 1971
54:12 November 1969
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78:Indian National Congress
26:Indian National Congress
857:Harchand Singh Longowal
483:Sanghvi, Vijay (2006).
117:Political position
957:Siddhartha Shankar Ray
320:Congress for Democracy
292:Congress for democracy
1147:The Emergency (India)
812:Basawon Singh (Sinha)
242:1971 general election
216:organisation Congress
1101:Baroda dynamite case
983:Bharatiya Jana Sangh
932:Neelam Sanjiva Reddy
842:Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed
807:Atal Bihari Vajpayee
312:Bharatiya Jana Sangh
228:Samyukt Vidhayak Dal
104:Economic nationalism
1043:Shiromani Akali Dal
887:Jayaprakash Narayan
191:. The then unified
912:M. G. Ramachandran
892:Jivatram Kripalani
600:Nigam, Sk (2024).
515:The Economic Times
277:Decline and legacy
258:Naxalbari uprising
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1003:Dravidar Kazhagam
988:Bharatiya Lok Dal
962:Subramanian Swamy
882:Jagmohanlal Sinha
673:978-93-5521-236-8
613:979-8-89233-557-7
574:(45): 1804–1807.
517:. 9 February 2024
403:. 12 August 2021.
210:, and was led by
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169:Political parties
164:Politics of India
84:Succeeded by
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33:Abbreviation
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542:India Today
122:Centre-left
1136:Categories
1116:Rajan case
967:Zail Singh
947:Raj Narain
897:K. Kamaraj
232:Hindi belt
100:Secularism
58:1969-11-12
817:Bansi Lal
726:The Print
387:Times Now
286:emergency
246:Lok Sabha
220:Syndicate
174:Elections
140:Turquoise
126:left-wing
111:sentiment
66:Dissolved
937:Niren De
877:Jagmohan
420:The Wire
338:See also
95:Ideology
731:18 July
705:19 July
679:21 July
645:18 July
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