24:
1079:, and floods with increased amounts of sediment are some of the known results of prolonged storms in the region. Fires help speed up the removal of vegetation from the soil, which in turn increases the rate of erosion and sediment transport. Resource extraction in the region includes but is not limited to logging, fishing, mining, and removal of vegetation via livestock grazing. Due to the mountainous terrain of the region, much of the land within the Idaho Batholith is inaccessible to automobiles, thus in a more natural state. Protected forests include
1142:
835:(or local relief) can reach 5,000 ft (1,524 m). Relief is the difference between the highest and lowest elevations in a given area. Much like the canyons in ecoregion 16c, the canyons here become drier and warmer as depth increases. This region receives little snowfall in the winter. Widespread vegetation includes mountain sagebrush, ponderosa pine, and various grasses. Vegetation on south-facing slopes is less than on north-facing slopes to the increased impact of the
977:
937:
747:) and ponderosa pine originally grew in valley floors. Cold and snowy winters occur here. Large amounts of runoff from melting snow in the mountains occur during the spring. The region serves as pasture for livestock during the summer months. Land is also used for cropland and developments for recreation. Streams suffer raised sediment and nutrient (phosphorus) levels from flood irrigation and grazing.
1828:
1679:
McGrath C.L., Woods A.J., Omernik, J.M., Bryce, S.A., Edmondson, M., Nesser, J.A., Shelden, J., Crawford, R.C., Comstock, J.A., and
Plocher, M.D., 2002, Ecoregions of Idaho (color poster with map, descriptive text, summary tables, and photographs): Reston, Virginia, U.S. Geological Survey (map scale
851:
Soils derived from granitic rocks, which are characteristically poor at retaining water spread out the
Southern Forested Mountains ecoregion. This region receives marginal influence from maritime events. Ponderosa pine can be found growing in canyons, while grand fir and subalpine fir grow at higher
1229:
Olson, D. M., Dinerstein, E., Wikramanayake, E. D., Burgess, N. D., Powell, G. V. N., Underwood, E. C., D'Amico, J. A., Itoua, I., Strand, H. E., Morrison, J. C., Loucks, C. J., Allnutt, T. F., Ricketts, T. H., Kura, Y., Lamoreux, J. F., Wettengel, W. W., Hedao, P., Kassem, K. R. 2001. Terrestrial
923:
are the two major weather systems that influence the climate throughout the ecoregion. As noted above, the major climate in the area is snowy. When snow melts, it increases erosion and the amount of water being introduced into bodies of water. Thunderstorms have a large impact on the amounts of
890:
precipitation class. A steppe precipitation class is one that you would expect to find on a steppe across the globe. Steppes average 10-30 inches (25.4-76.2 cm) of precipitation per year. A steppe is a type grassland habitat that is usually located away from large bodies of water and near
662:, unlike in nearby ecoregions. Common vegetation includes grand fir, Douglas-fir, and western larch, while Engelmann spruce and subalpine fir can be found on north-facing slopes and at high elevations. Most of the region is wilderness or contains no roads, although recreation is common here.
1239:
Glenn E. Griffith, James M. Omernik (Lead Author);Mark McGinley (Topic Editor) "Ecoregions of Idaho (EPA)". In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Eds. Cutler J. Cleveland (Washington, D.C.: Environmental
Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment). [First published in the
822:
influences at a lower rate than ecoregions to the north, but at a higher rate than ecoregions to the south. Grand fir, found at elevations between where
Douglas-fir and subalpine fir grow, is the only tree species in the region that receives maritime influences. Instability of slopes and
254:
rock formed by the cooling of magma under the Earth's surface. Igneous rocks are those formed by magma cooling and solidifying, while intrusive rocks are igneous rocks that form beneath the Earth's surface. The Idaho batholith is fundamentally different from other batholiths of the
843:. This effect also causes the sites on south-facing slopes to be drier. Douglas-fir can also be found, but is less common than in nearby ecoregions. The bottoms of canyons have been impacted by mining. Some of these canyon bottoms are used as transportation corridors.
852:
elevations. Douglas-fir in open settings is common in the region, while sagebrush and forests can be found in the south. Like much of the Idaho
Batholith ecoregion, soil disturbance results in high amounts of sediment being deposited in streams.
657:
The
Glaciated Bitterroot Mountains and Canyons ecoregion is spread out by volcanic ash and sediment left from glaciers. It is characteristically underlain by granite. The summits of mountains are high enough here to capture moisture from the
1648:
Woods, Alan J., Omernik, James, M., Nesser, John A., Shelden, J., Comstock, J.A., Azevedo, Sandra H., 2002, Ecoregions of
Montana, 2nd edition (color poster with map, descriptive text, summary tables, and photographs). Map scale
633:'s surface) rocks largely underlay the Dry, Partly Wooded Mountains ecoregion. Granitics are less likely to be found here than in any other part of the Idaho Batholith ecoregion, which is uncharacteristic. This region is on the
674:
of the high mountains, as does the Dry, Partly Wooded
Mountains ecoregion. Being in the rain shadow of the mountains means that most of the area is dry and treeless. The landscape is covered by vegetation such as shrubs and
574:
The Lochsa-Selway-Clearwater
Canyons ecoregion features fast-flowing rivers transporting cold water. As the depths of canyons increase, they become warmer and drier. The ecoregion is dominated by Douglas-fir, grand fir,
1795:
Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263. DOI: 10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0130.
1024:
1177:
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637:(or downwind) side of the mountains, meaning it is dry and receives very little precipitation. Unlike any other parts of the Idaho Batholith ecoregion, there is a mosaic of
1051:. Rhyolite is the same as granite chemically; however it is an extrusive rock, whereas granite is an intrusive rock. Lucky Peak State Park offers boating, fishing,
2036:
Olson, David M., and Eric
Dinerstein. "The Global 200: Priority ecoregions for global conservation." Annals of the Missouri Botanical garden (2002): 199-224.
1770:
771:
and the mountains are often capped with snow. The soils are shallow, contain many stones, and have a cryic (cold) temperature regime. The region includes
1339:
290:
247:. Realms characterize large amounts of habitat that contain organisms that have been evolving together in relative isolation for long time periods.
1279:
Bittner, Thomas. "On the Integration of Regional Classification and Delineation Systems into The National Map." Cartographica 45.2 (2010): 127-139.
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133:
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The resources in the ecoregion include fishing, crop production, grazing, mining, logging, and recreation. Several recreation areas such as
1854:
879:. There are three snowy climates associated with this ecoregion and one warm temperate. The largest and smallest snowy climates have a
1162:
1256:"Characterizing, Mapping and Applying Level III and IV Ecoregions in New England for Integrated Ecosystem Assessment and Management"
912:
The average temperature for the ecoregion for the 2012 calendar year averaged between 40-60 °F (4.4-15.6 °C) according to
2057:
1156:
909:(NOAA), the ecoregion received anywhere from 10-80 inches (25.4-203.2 cm) of precipitation for the entire 2012 calendar year.
1255:
1882:
Meyer, G. A., et al. "Fire, storms, and erosional events in the Idaho batholith." Hydrological Processes 15.15 (2001): 3025-3038.
250:
The most prevalent geological feature in this ecoregion is its namesake, the Idaho batholith. A batholith is a body of intrusive
767:(depressions that form at the heads of glacial valleys). Annual precipitation is greater than surrounding ecoregions at lower
67:
439:
The Eastern Batholith ecoregion is located in the easternmost portion of the Idaho Batholith, which is just northwest of the
336:
Soils derived from the granite that characteristically underlays the ecoregion tend to retain water poorly and be limited in
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1490:
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395:
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occurs. Mining is affecting water quality, and rapid residential and commercial growths are occurring near the city of
200:
in Idaho and Montana. As defined by the EPA, ecoregions are, "Areas of similarity regarding patterns in the mosaic of
2062:
1104:
861:
1453:
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sedimentation of streams is caused by logging. Rivers are also heavily impacted by various types of gold mining.
388:
1365:
988:
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1240:
Encyclopedia of Earth December 11, 2008; Last revised Date December 11, 2008; Retrieved February 15, 2013 <
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380:
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683:, which is experiencing residential development in rural areas; otherwise, land is mostly used for grazing.
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There are no major cities within the Idaho Batholith ecoregion; however there are small resort towns like
883:
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368:
1393:"Isotopic Evolution of the Idaho Batholith and Challis Intrusive Province, Northern US Cordillera"
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The High Glacial Drift Valleys ecoregion contains geological features formed by glaciers such as
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1962:
759:. The glaciation of the region has resulted in geologic features such as jagged peaks,
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2011:
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700:
699:, which are accumulations of unconsolidated glacial debris. The region also contains
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543:
376:
337:
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470:. The average annual precipitation ranges from 16-55 inches (40.6-139.7 cm).
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in Idaho exist in the region. Painted Rocks State Park, named after the colorful
720:
464:
298:
282:
229:
181:
177:
121:
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ecoregions of the world: a new map of life on Earth. Bioscience 51(11):933-938.
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class, while the remaining snowy and the warm temperate climate have a fully
831:
The Hot Dry Canyons ecoregion is heavily dissected by the occurring canyons.
800:
780:
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parkland, and open, windblown forests of mostly non-marketable trees such as
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precipitation in the region and greatly influence flood events and erosion.
599:). Ponderosa pine is found on lower, drier sites. There are large tracts of
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is located within the region. Logging is common in non-wilderness areas.
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deposits that help improve the soil fertility and water retention in the
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in the south. The major mountain ranges in the region are part of the
243:. Realms are the broadest way of breaking up the Earth's land surface
876:
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The Lochsa Uplands ecoregion is mountainous and dissected. Granitic
1988:
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The High Idaho Batholith ecoregion has been greatly impacted by
391:(USGS). The Idaho Batholith ecoregion lies within the following
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The South Clearwater Forested Mountains ecoregion experiences
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The Idaho batholith ecoregion is bordered on the north by the
1068:
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temperature class, while the remaining three climates have a
887:
642:
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626:
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348:
317:. Major mountain peaks include 10,201 ft (3,085 m) tall
141:
103:
813:
340:. The removal of vegetation causes these soils to be highly
1892:
1510:
http://www.blm.gov/.../Chapter_2_Area_Profile_Final_508.pdf
913:
869:
559:
467:
422:
in the state of Idaho is situated on the North Fork of the
415:
686:
514:
illustrate some of the more common land uses of the area.
208:, aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem components, including
891:
mountains. The smallest of the snowy climates has a cool
836:
819:
719:) originally grew commonly in wet soils. In drier soils,
670:
The Foothill Shrublands-Grasslands ecoregion lies in the
569:
28:
Idaho Batholith Ecoregion (16) and surrounding ecoregions
1242:
http://www.eoearth.org/article/Ecoregions_of_Idaho_(EPA)
665:
1826:
613:
1391:
Gasching, Richard; et al. (28 September 2011).
1137:
846:
542:) and Douglas-fir are common throughout the region.
273:. Peraluminous granites are those that contain more
550:) and subalpine fir grow at high elevations, while
1771:"Illustrated Glossary of Alpine Glacial Landforms"
2009:
1342:. United States Geological Survey. Archived from
1063:Several natural threats to the ecoregion include
621:(those formed by the deposition of sediment) and
387:Watersheds for named rivers as designated by the
2044:
1749:Illustrated Glossary of Alpine Glacial Landforms
1567:"EDNA Derived Watersheds for Major Named Rivers"
1366:"Geologic units containing peraluminous granite"
653:Glaciated Bitterroot Mountains and Canyons (16e)
459:Idaho Batholith. Alkalinity is the measure of a
1487:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
907:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
1188:maintains an alternate classification system:
872:, with a small portion in the northwest being
443:. The region is forested and mountainous. Its
228:, with humans being considered as part of the
162:temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
16:Ecoregion in Idaho and Montana, United States
1197:List of ecoregions in the United States (WWF)
1168:List of ecoregions in the United States (EPA)
763:, and rockland. Tarns are lakes that form in
750:
325:in Montana and 12,009 ft (3,660 m) tall
134:United States Environmental Protection Agency
351:that flow through the ecoregion include the
1058:
526:underlay the region which is spread out by
289:combined. The batholith is composed of the
239:as designated by WWF, which covers most of
152:(or major habitat types) designated by the
1644:
1642:
1640:
1318:. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica. 2009.
1113:Frank Church–River of No Return Wilderness
1103:. Natural areas in the region include the
1675:
1522:"Idaho Lakes, Rivers and Water Resources"
1408:
1163:List of ecoregions in North America (CEC)
814:South Clearwater Forested Mountains (16i)
434:
1878:
1876:
1829:"Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service"
1673:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1659:
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1390:
1157:Commission for Environmental Cooperation
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192:, and partially on the northwest by the
1637:
1253:
687:High Glacial Drift-Filled Valleys (16g)
517:
379:in Montana. The region lies within the
148:. It is contained within the following
2045:
1155:Ecoregions defined by the EPA and the
1075:events. Slide failures, which produce
1016:that offer outdoor recreation such as
679:. Part of the region is situated near
570:Lochsa-Selway-Clearwater Canyons (16c)
429:
68:Montana valley and foothill grasslands
1873:
1652:
266:and positioned completely within the
196:. It has been subdivided into eleven
1625:. Idaho State Parks & Recreation
1593:"Freshwater Ecoregions of the World"
1491:United States Department of Commerce
971:
931:
666:Foothill Shrublands-Grasslands (16f)
1467:
1450:Geographic Names Information System
1211:List of freshwater ecoregions (WWF)
1126:designated by WWF, and it is not a
451:, which is caused by its underlain
13:
1969:. Idaho State Parks and Recreation
1920:. Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks
1715:
614:Dry, Partly Wooded Mountains (16d)
235:The ecoregion is found within the
14:
2074:
2018:. U.S. Department of the Interior
1768:
1742:
1697:. United States Geological Survey
1573:. United States Geological Survey
1372:. United States Geological Survey
1254:Hellyer, Greg (29 January 2013).
1122:The ecoregion is not part of the
1055:, and even offers its own beach.
1035:that cover the granite walls and
847:Southern Forested Mountains (16k)
1938:
1542:
1140:
975:
935:
641:, open Douglas-fir forests, and
259:in that it is mostly made up of
22:
2058:Ecoregions of the United States
2030:
2003:
1981:
1955:
1932:
1906:
1885:
1847:
1820:
1806:"Köppen Climate Classification"
1798:
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1559:
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1454:United States Geological Survey
1438:
1417:
1316:Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
1039:cliffs within the park, offers
839:due to the Earth's tilt in the
787:at very high elevations. Above
389:United States Geological Survey
1384:
1358:
1332:
1308:
1282:
1273:
1247:
1233:
1223:
1089:Salmon–Challis National Forest
862:Köppen climate classifications
1:
1989:"National Forest Locator Map"
1695:Geology in the National Parks
1216:
1178:List of ecoregions in Montana
463:'s capacity to neutralize or
63:North Central Rockies forests
1855:"Regional Climate Maps: USA"
1827:NWS Internet Services Team.
1623:Idaho Parks & Recreation
1105:Selway–Bitterroot Wilderness
1007:
566:and on north-facing slopes.
293:in the north and the larger
166:deserts and xeric shrublands
158:temperate coniferous forests
7:
2053:Batholiths of North America
1173:List of ecoregions in Idaho
1133:
10:
2079:
1967:Idaho Parks and Recreation
1914:"Painted Rocks State Park"
1861:. National Weather Service
1835:. National Weather Service
1101:Bitterroot National Forest
855:
751:High Idaho Batholith (16h)
171:
154:World Wild Fund for Nature
1859:Climate Prediction Center
1619:"Lake Cascade State Park"
1097:Nez Perce National Forest
257:North American Cordillera
96:
91:
50:
38:
33:
21:
2063:Natural history of Idaho
1545:"Montana Map Collection"
1483:National Geodetic Survey
1410:10.1093/petrology/egr050
1192:List of ecoregions (WWF)
1085:Sawtooth National Forest
1059:Threats and conservation
1025:Painted Rocks State Park
967:
927:
868:within the ecoregion is
2010:National Park Service.
1963:"Lucky Peak State Park"
1425:"Physical map of Idaho"
1184:The conservation group
1093:Payette National Forest
735:) originally occurred.
703:, wetlands, and hills.
447:tend to be very low in
1109:Gospel Hump Wilderness
725:mountain big sagebrush
435:Eastern Batholith(16a)
311:Salmon River Mountains
184:, on the south by the
73:Snake River Plain (12)
1081:Boise National Forest
1029:Lucky Peak State Park
827:Hot Dry Canyons (16j)
562:forests are found in
488:Pseudotsuga menziesii
414:, the fourth largest
396:freshwater ecoregions
188:, on the west by the
180:, on the east by the
83:Columbia Plateau (10)
1397:Journal of Petrology
1205:biogeographic realms
1128:biodiversity hotspot
518:Lochsa Uplands (16b)
323:Bitterroot Mountains
307:Clearwater Mountains
1991:. US Forest Service
1918:Montana State Parks
1691:"Sedimentary rocks"
1346:on 21 February 2013
1186:World Wildlife Fund
1117:Sawtooth Wilderness
902:temperature class.
841:Northern Hemisphere
430:Level IV Ecoregions
301:; they include the
198:Level IV ecoregions
130:Level III ecoregion
78:Blue Mountains (11)
987:. You can help by
947:. You can help by
593:western white pine
589:Larix occidentalis
441:Continental Divide
375:in Idaho, and the
132:designated by the
1777:on 13 August 2012
1403:(12): 2397–2429.
1261:. EPA New England
1005:
1004:
965:
964:
905:According to the
860:According to the
625:(those formed by
548:Picea engelmannii
472:Climax vegetation
331:Pioneer Mountains
271:continental crust
245:biogeographically
186:Snake River Plain
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577:western redcedar
544:Engelmann spruce
480:Abies lasiocarpa
303:Bitterroot Range
224:, land use, and
194:Columbia Plateau
178:Northern Rockies
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1586:
1576:
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1422:
1418:
1389:
1385:
1375:
1373:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1349:
1347:
1340:"Igneous Rocks"
1338:
1337:
1333:
1326:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1299:
1297:
1288:
1287:
1283:
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1258:
1252:
1248:
1238:
1234:
1228:
1224:
1219:
1146:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1061:
1027:in Montana and
1010:
1001:
995:
992:
985:needs expansion
970:
961:
955:
952:
945:needs expansion
930:
858:
849:
829:
816:
753:
689:
668:
655:
629:cooling at the
616:
597:Pinus monticola
572:
520:
496:Pinus ponderosa
453:intrusive rocks
437:
432:
299:Rocky Mountains
291:Bitterroot lobe
283:potassium oxide
174:
122:Idaho Batholith
113:
87:
59:
58:
29:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2076:
2066:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2039:
2038:
2029:
2002:
1980:
1954:
1931:
1905:
1884:
1872:
1846:
1819:
1797:
1788:
1769:Lemke, Karen.
1761:
1743:Lemke, Karen.
1735:
1722:Universe Today
1708:
1682:
1651:
1636:
1610:
1584:
1558:
1535:
1513:
1502:
1479:NGS Data Sheet
1466:
1446:"Trapper Peak"
1437:
1416:
1383:
1357:
1331:
1325:978-1593394929
1324:
1307:
1281:
1272:
1246:
1232:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1208:
1201:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1182:
1181:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1152:
1151:
1135:
1132:
1060:
1057:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1002:
982:
980:
969:
966:
963:
962:
942:
940:
929:
926:
857:
854:
848:
845:
828:
825:
815:
812:
785:whitebark pine
752:
749:
741:Pinus contorta
737:Lodgepole pine
693:outwash plains
688:
685:
667:
664:
654:
651:
615:
612:
571:
568:
519:
516:
492:ponderosa pine
445:surface waters
436:
433:
431:
428:
410:Unglaciated.
315:Sawtooth Range
275:aluminum oxide
237:Nearctic realm
216:, vegetation,
190:Blue Mountains
182:Middle Rockies
173:
170:
115:
114:
112:
111:
106:
100:
98:
94:
93:
89:
88:
86:
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36:
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31:
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27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2075:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2033:
2017:
2013:
2006:
1990:
1984:
1968:
1964:
1958:
1942:
1935:
1919:
1915:
1909:
1894:
1888:
1879:
1877:
1860:
1856:
1850:
1834:
1830:
1823:
1808:. ISC-Audubon
1807:
1801:
1792:
1776:
1772:
1765:
1750:
1746:
1739:
1723:
1719:
1712:
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1594:
1588:
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1568:
1562:
1547:. Geology.com
1546:
1539:
1524:. Geology.com
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1517:
1511:
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1484:
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1021:
1019:
1018:alpine skiing
1015:
1014:McCall, Idaho
999:
996:February 2013
990:
986:
983:This section
981:
978:
974:
973:
959:
956:February 2013
950:
946:
943:This section
941:
938:
934:
933:
925:
922:
921:thunderstorms
919:Snowfall and
917:
915:
910:
908:
903:
901:
898:
894:
889:
885:
884:precipitation
882:
878:
875:
871:
867:
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842:
838:
834:
824:
821:
811:
809:
805:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
781:subalpine fir
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
748:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
729:A. tridentata
726:
722:
721:bunch grasses
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
684:
682:
678:
673:
663:
661:
660:Pacific Ocean
650:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
611:
609:
606:
603:here and the
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
585:western larch
582:
581:Thuja plicata
578:
567:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
540:Abies grandis
537:
533:
529:
525:
515:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
476:subalpine fir
473:
469:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
427:
425:
424:Payette River
421:
417:
413:
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308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
287:calcium oxide
284:
280:
276:
272:
269:
265:
262:
258:
253:
248:
246:
242:
241:North America
238:
233:
231:
227:
223:
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211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
169:
167:
163:
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155:
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147:
143:
139:
136:(EPA) in the
135:
131:
127:
126:
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110:
107:
105:
102:
101:
99:
95:
90:
84:
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61:
60:
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49:
46:
43:
41:
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32:
25:
20:
2032:
2020:. Retrieved
2015:
2005:
1993:. Retrieved
1983:
1971:. Retrieved
1966:
1957:
1945:. Retrieved
1934:
1922:. Retrieved
1917:
1908:
1896:. Retrieved
1887:
1863:. Retrieved
1858:
1849:
1837:. Retrieved
1832:
1822:
1810:. Retrieved
1800:
1791:
1779:. Retrieved
1775:the original
1764:
1752:. Retrieved
1748:
1738:
1726:. Retrieved
1721:
1711:
1699:. Retrieved
1694:
1685:
1680:1:1,350,000)
1649:1:1,500,000.
1627:. Retrieved
1622:
1613:
1601:. Retrieved
1596:
1587:
1575:. Retrieved
1570:
1561:
1549:. Retrieved
1543:Cole, Brad.
1538:
1526:. Retrieved
1516:
1505:
1494:. Retrieved
1478:
1469:
1457:. Retrieved
1449:
1440:
1428:. Retrieved
1419:
1400:
1396:
1386:
1374:. Retrieved
1369:
1360:
1348:. Retrieved
1344:the original
1334:
1315:
1310:
1298:. Retrieved
1293:
1284:
1275:
1263:. Retrieved
1249:
1235:
1225:
1121:
1077:debris flows
1065:forest fires
1062:
1022:
1011:
993:
989:adding to it
984:
953:
949:adding to it
944:
918:
911:
904:
859:
850:
830:
817:
801:subirrigated
754:
744:
740:
732:
728:
716:
708:
690:
681:Boise, Idaho
669:
656:
617:
605:Selway River
596:
588:
580:
573:
547:
539:
528:volcanic ash
521:
495:
487:
479:
438:
412:Lake Cascade
402:, the Upper
398:: the Upper
346:
335:
327:Hyndman Peak
319:Trapper Peak
295:Atlanta lobe
279:sodium oxide
261:peraluminous
249:
234:
214:physiography
175:
120:
118:
2022:16 February
1995:16 February
1973:16 February
1947:22 February
1924:16 February
1898:18 February
1865:16 February
1839:15 February
1833:weather.gov
1812:22 February
1781:22 February
1754:22 February
1728:22 February
1701:22 February
1629:22 February
1603:20 February
1577:22 February
1551:22 February
1528:22 February
1459:16 February
1430:22 February
1376:22 February
1350:22 February
1300:22 February
1265:22 February
864:, the main
810:are found.
672:rain shadow
619:Sedimentary
484:Douglas-fir
268:Precambrian
138:U.S. states
2047:Categories
1941:"Rhyolite"
1496:2010-02-15
1294:BBC Nature
1290:"Ecozones"
1217:References
1124:Global 200
797:grasslands
769:elevations
757:glaciation
709:Cyperaceae
601:wilderness
512:recreation
457:Cretaceous
449:alkalinity
406:, and the
377:Bitterroot
369:Clearwater
333:in Idaho.
313:, and the
1939:Nave, R.
1745:"Moraine"
1597:panda.org
1073:erosional
1008:Human use
877:temperate
795:, alpine
777:subalpine
745:latifolia
717:Juncaceae
649:, Idaho.
639:shrubland
623:extrusive
608:watershed
536:Grand fir
474:includes
420:reservoir
338:fertility
222:hydrology
220:, soils,
125:ecoregion
92:Geography
1571:usgs.gov
1370:usgs.gov
1203:List of
1134:See also
1037:rhyolite
820:maritime
808:wetlands
789:treeline
733:vaseyana
701:terraces
697:moraines
461:solution
408:Columbia
404:Missouri
385:Missouri
381:Columbia
342:erodible
264:granites
226:wildlife
45:Nearctic
2016:nps.gov
2012:"Idaho"
1049:fishing
1045:camping
1041:boating
1033:lichens
866:climate
856:Climate
804:meadows
775:areas,
765:cirques
743:subsp.
731:subsp.
677:grasses
647:Ketchum
635:leeward
591:), and
564:canyons
556:hemlock
532:uplands
504:grazing
500:Logging
490:), and
455:of the
353:Payette
329:in the
321:in the
252:igneous
218:climate
210:geology
202:abiotic
172:Setting
156:(WWF):
146:Montana
109:Montana
51:Borders
34:Ecology
1724:. NASA
1475:"Goat"
1322:
1115:, and
1099:, and
1071:, and
1069:storms
1053:biking
1047:, and
900:summer
893:summer
881:steppe
833:Relief
806:, and
793:tundra
773:alpine
713:rushes
711:) and
705:Sedges
510:, and
508:mining
465:buffer
365:Lochsa
361:Salmon
357:Selway
349:rivers
285:, and
206:biotic
164:; and
150:biomes
97:States
1943:. GSU
1599:. WWF
1296:. BBC
1259:(PDF)
1207:(WWF)
968:Fauna
928:Flora
888:humid
870:snowy
761:tarns
643:aspen
631:Earth
627:magma
552:cedar
524:rocks
468:acids
400:Snake
373:Boise
277:than
230:biota
142:Idaho
128:is a
104:Idaho
40:Realm
2024:2013
1997:2013
1975:2013
1949:2013
1926:2013
1900:2013
1867:2013
1841:2013
1814:2013
1783:2013
1756:2013
1730:2013
1703:2013
1631:2013
1605:2013
1579:2013
1553:2013
1530:2013
1461:2013
1432:2013
1378:2013
1352:2013
1320:ISBN
1302:2013
1267:2013
1244:>
914:NOAA
897:warm
874:warm
783:and
723:and
695:and
560:pine
416:lake
383:and
347:The
204:and
144:and
119:The
57:List
1405:doi
991:.
951:.
837:Sun
583:),
498:).
482:),
418:or
393:WWF
232:."
140:of
2049::
2014:.
1965:.
1916:.
1875:^
1857:.
1831:.
1747:.
1720:.
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1654:^
1639:^
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1569:.
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1448:.
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1395:.
1368:.
1292:.
1159::
1130:.
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1067:,
1043:,
1020:.
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799:,
791:,
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506:,
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367:,
363:,
359:,
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344:.
309:,
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160:;
2026:.
1999:.
1977:.
1951:.
1928:.
1902:.
1869:.
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1633:.
1607:.
1581:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
