48:
382:
941:
reservoirs, and diversions supply water to the region's pastureland, cropland, and residential, commercial, and industrial developments. Small grains, alfalfa, sugar beets, potatoes, and beans are grown. Livestock and dairy farms occur; dairying is more common than in the
Treasure Valley. Dams, irrigation diversions, pollution, and channel alteration have affected water quality, and over-watering from sprinkler-irrigated portions of the Eastern Snake River Basalt Plains has raised
978:
distinct from the irrigated agriculture of the valley. However, scattered areas near rivers with enough water to leach salts from the soil support alfalfa or sugar beet farming. Natural vegetation is dominated by
Wyoming big sagebrush and associated grasses, such as bluebunch wheatgrass, Sandberg bluegrass, Thurber needlegrass, and Indian ricegrass. Today, cheatgrass and crested wheatgrass are also common. Salt tolerant shrubs, including
1128:
1068:
908:. Elevation varies from 2,500 to 4,300 feet (762 to 1,311 m), with some buttes up to 5,000 feet (1,524 m). It is mostly rangeland and is sparsely populated, unlike regions to the west and east. It is flanked by foothills to the north and south and by the Magic and Treasure Valleys to the east and west. Today, it supports cheatgrass,
892:. The region is cool enough to have some regeneration capacity and still contains native plants, unlike the Mountain Home Uplands to the west. By far the largest of the Snake River Plain subregions, it covers 6,426 square miles (16,643 km) in southern Idaho, including part of the Craters of the Moon National Monument and Idaho National Engineering Laboratory.
916:. Stock carrying capacity is low. Native grasses are much rarer and vegetative regeneration capacity is more limited than in the cooler Eastern Snake River Basalt Plains, which has more available moisture. The second largest of the Snake River Plain subregions, it covers 2,945 square miles (7,628 km) in southern Idaho, along the
888:
with the cropland of other subregions in the Snake River Plain. Potential natural vegetation is mostly sagebrush and bunchgrass, with basin and
Wyoming big sagebrush, Thurber needlegrass, Indian ricegrass, bitterbrush, bluegrass, and cheatgrass. Saline areas feature fourwing saltbush, shadscale, and
940:
that "magically" transformed the region in the early 1900s, is an agricultural valley underlain by alluvium, loess, and basalt flows. Elevation varies from 3,200 to 4,500 feet (975 to 1,372 m). The aridic soils require irrigation to grow commercial crops. Many canals,
887:
is a large irregular plain at an elevation of 3,700 to 6,400 feet (1,128 to 1,951 m), with shallow, stony soils that are unsuitable for cultivation. Only small areas have soils deep enough to be farmed under sprinkler irrigation. Rangeland is widespread and contrasts
977:
lacustrine deposits. Perennial streams are rare. At an elevation of 2,100 to 2,600 feet (671 to 1,189 m), the terrain is higher and more rugged than the neighboring
Treasure Valley. The region is valuable as rangeland and wildlife habitat, and land use is generally
36:
793:
processing. Extensive surface-irrigated small grain, sugar beet, potato, and alfalfa farming occurs. The frost-free season is shorter and crops are less varied than in agricultural areas downstream. Potential natural vegetation is sagebrush steppe, with saltbush-greasewood communities in the
949:. Natural vegetation is mostly sagebrush and bunchgrass, but low terraces have salt tolerant plants. Wyoming and basin big sagebrush, alkali sagebrush, bluebunch wheatgrass, Thurber needlegrass, squirreltail, bluegrass, needle-and-thread, Indian ricegrass, and fourwing saltbush are present.
776:
is characterized by nearly level river terraces, floodplains, and lake plains containing many canals and rivers. Elevation varies from 4,400 to 5,000 feet (1,341 to 1,524 m). The region is primarily used for irrigated cropland, pastureland, suburban and urban
858:
in wetter areas. Land use is primarily livestock grazing and is distinct from the irrigated agriculture of the
Treasure Valley. Wildfire frequency is high. The region covers 1,559 square miles (4,038 km) in two separate areas of Idaho, one northeast of
1735:
1374:
740:. Loess is far more extensive than in the Upper Snake River Plain subregion. Sprinkler-irrigated land supports potatoes, alfalfa, and pasture; however, surface irrigation is far less common than in the Upper Snake River Plain.
1750:
1929:
704:, bluegrass, basin big sagebrush, and mountain sagebrush. Lava plains support alkali sagebrush, bluegrass, squirreltail, and Idaho fescue. The region covers 530 square miles (1,373 km) in Idaho along the
1805:
1882:
1970:
1629:
1354:
1825:
1359:
1866:
1537:
1369:
990:, occur on alkaline outcrops. The region covers 1,598 square miles (4,139 km) in western Idaho and 489 square miles (1,267 km) in eastern Oregon, on both sides of the Treasure Valley.
1785:
1745:
1649:
1634:
1481:
1960:
1730:
1725:
1624:
842:
to the north. At an elevation of 2,900 to 6,500 feet (884 to 1,981 m), it is higher and more rugged than neighboring regions in the Snake River Plain. Shallow,
1589:
1740:
1934:
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1685:
1659:
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1944:
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rising from irregular plains, at an elevation of 3,800 to 5,500 feet (1,158 to 1,676 m). Exposed basalt or very shallow loessial soils over
736:. Elevation varies from 4,700 to 6,300 feet (1,443 to 1,920 m). Mollisols developed in thick loess deposits or alluvium and are subject to
657:
plains, and, on the periphery, alluvial fans. Elevation varies from 4,700 to 5,100 feet (1,443 to 1,554 m). It is flanked by the semi-arid
1455:
1364:
1315:
141:
1830:
1400:
1234:
386:
1184:
489:-free season is longer than in the Upper Snake River Plain and the Magic Valley. Vegetation outside of agricultural areas is characterized by
1987:
1325:
1308:
1282:
1040:
1011:
705:
370:
183:
179:
756:. The region covers 1,059 square miles (2,743 km) in Idaho in the farthest eastern reaches of the Snake River Plain, approaching the
1815:
1710:
414:
and incised rivers. Elevation varies from 2,000 to 2,800 feet (640 to 853 m). The valley is underlain by
1760:
1604:
1491:
1006:
953:
is greater than in the rangeland-dominated regions to the east and west. The region covers 1,700 square miles (4,403 km) in the
2008:
1568:
1301:
1000:
1851:
1425:
1856:
1810:
1619:
533:
occur. The region covers 1,302 square miles (3,372 km) in Idaho and 499 square miles (1,292 km) in Oregon, where the
445:
before the valley was converted to agriculture. Canals and diversions in this portion of the Snake River Plain supply water to
1795:
1680:
1486:
777:
developments, and industrial areas, and aquatic resources have been degraded by irrigation diversions, channelization, dams,
626:
625:
is low. The region covers 1,122 square miles (2,906 km) in Idaho in pockets of the eastern Snake River Plain, including
1675:
846:
soils are common, supporting sagebrush steppe communities of bluebunch wheatgrass, bluegrass, Idaho fescue, big sagebrush,
96:
1552:
1517:
1861:
1820:
1720:
1547:
1522:
1270:
1177:
562:
1614:
1132:
1072:
1914:
1594:
1898:
1770:
1639:
1584:
1147:
1087:
761:
461:
has been significantly affected by channel alteration, dams, irrigation diversions, irrigation return flow, and
1542:
819:
2013:
1835:
1445:
1349:
1244:
1213:
1170:
1919:
1780:
1507:
1260:
1194:
1021:
823:
1705:
1695:
1609:
1415:
1208:
1138:
1078:
1715:
1440:
1405:
1239:
1153:
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81:
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consists of foothills, alluvial fans, hills, and valleys that separate the Snake River Plain from the
1527:
1395:
1344:
839:
662:
630:
86:
309:
associations also occur. Streams generally have lower gradients, are warmer, and have finer grained
1924:
1654:
1035:
744:
grows small grains. Potential natural vegetation is sagebrush steppe, with mountain big sagebrush,
614:
794:
southwest. Big sagebrush, bluebunch wheatgrass, bluegrass, cheatgrass, rabbitbrush, squirreltail,
1939:
1599:
1339:
1775:
917:
462:
811:
490:
217:
1293:
2018:
1644:
1390:
1229:
913:
868:
733:
498:
430:
344:
806:. The region covers 1,463 square miles (3,789 km) in eastern Idaho, mostly along the
47:
8:
1029:
803:
753:
494:
381:
310:
63:
19:
This article is about the ecoregion designated by the EPA. For the geologic feature, see
1990:
1285:
1152: (color poster with map, descriptive text, summary tables, and photographs; with a
1092: (color poster with map, descriptive text, summary tables, and photographs; with a
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consists of arid, shrub- and grass-covered plains with hills and basalt-capped
669:
482:
407:
359:
279:
207:
68:
2002:
912:, medusahead wildrye, Wyoming and basin big sagebrush, alkali sagebrush, and
860:
729:
594:
590:
546:
534:
522:
514:
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458:
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143:
802:
are present. Riparian areas feature sedges, perennial grasses, willows, and
937:
864:
737:
701:
693:
680:
are common and are colder than the soils of the lower
Treasure Valley. Wet
586:
558:
554:
550:
542:
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427:
363:
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214:
969:
contains rolling foothills, hills, benches, alluvial fans, and scattered
942:
847:
582:
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510:
446:
322:
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187:
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749:
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613:, Wyoming big sagebrush, rabbitbrush, bluegrass, bluebunch wheatgrass,
518:
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244:
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745:
708:
and is used for small grain and alfalfa farming, pasture, range, and
530:
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987:
974:
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658:
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35:
700:. Alluvial fans and terraces are covered by bluebunch wheatgrass,
202:
across Idaho, stretching roughly 400 miles (640 km) from the
970:
946:
748:, bluebunch wheatgrass, bluegrass, Idaho fescue, and cheatgrass.
355:
352:
340:
314:
275:
260:
203:
855:
697:
685:
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553:
rivers converge into the Snake. It includes lowland areas from
325:
256:
236:
195:
1482:
6 Southern and
Central California Chaparral and Oak Woodlands
1323:
905:
606:
602:
486:
470:
466:
419:
411:
369:
The Snake River Plain ecoregion has been subdivided into ten
264:
221:
211:
191:
597:
availability is extremely limited, and the region is either
228:, it is considerably lower and less rugged than surrounding
843:
715:
434:
423:
318:
248:
225:
878:
854:, and cheatgrass, with bunch grasses, sedges, rushes, and
645:
is a cold, wet valley containing nearly level to rolling
502:
366:
barrier, and different species occur above and below it.
960:
1736:56 Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains
1192:
676:occur and are local and seasonal problems. Frigid
485:is greater, temperatures are warmer, and the mean
1137:McGrath, CL; Woods, AJ; Omernik, JM; et al.
1077:Thorson, TD; Bryce, SA; Lammers, DA; et al.
321:assemblages in the region are typically a mix of
2000:
1605:29 Central Oklahoma/Texas Plains (Cross Timbers)
1375:120 Coastal Western Hemlock-Sitka Spruce Forests
973:that are characteristically underlain by sandy,
767:
1136:
1076:
385:Level IV ecoregions in the Snake River Plain. (
1032:maintains an alternate classification system:
895:
1988:United States Environmental Protection Agency
1309:
1283:United States Environmental Protection Agency
1178:
1041:List of ecoregions in the United States (WWF)
1012:List of ecoregions in the United States (EPA)
752:occur in the poorly drained, relatively cold
184:United States Environmental Protection Agency
728:, alluvial fans, low terraces, bottomlands,
722:Dissected Plateaus and Teton Basin ecoregion
343:are also present. The region has many large
1751:60 Northern Appalachian Plateau and Uplands
885:Eastern Snake River Basalt Plains ecoregion
829:
16:Ecoregion in the northwestern United States
1930:104 Interior Forested Lowlands and Uplands
1831:83 Eastern Great Lakes and Hudson Lowlands
1316:
1302:
1185:
1171:
1122:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1007:List of ecoregions in North America (CEC)
936:, named for the irrigation canals of the
1120:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1001:Commission for Environmental Cooperation
716:Dissected Plateaus and Teton Basin (12d)
672:on the prairie. Resultant wet soils and
393:
380:
1401:9 Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills
1235:9 Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills
879:Eastern Snake River Basalt Plains (12g)
239:bordering the Snake River are used for
2001:
1055:
999:Ecoregions defined by the EPA and the
636:
469:, sugar beets, alfalfa, potatoes, and
376:
1721:53 Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains
1297:
1166:
1099:
967:Unwooded Alkaline Foothills ecoregion
927:
627:Craters of the Moon National Monument
568:
1806:72 Interior River Valleys and Hills
347:along the Snake River that support
13:
1816:74 Mississippi Valley Loess Plains
732:, and nearly flat, poorly drained
563:Deer Flat National Wildlife Refuge
14:
2030:
1971:112 Bristol Bay-Nushagak Lowlands
1883:76 Southern Florida Coastal Plain
1711:51 North Central Hardwood Forests
961:Unwooded Alkaline Foothills (12j)
774:Upper Snake River Plain ecoregion
661:of the Snake River Plain and the
1836:84 Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
1761:63 Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain
1630:42 Northwestern Glaciated Plains
1355:111 Ahklun and Kilbuck Mountains
1131: This article incorporates
1126:
1071: This article incorporates
1066:
477:is greater than in neighboring,
437:, and they originally supported
46:
34:
2009:Ecoregions of the United States
1569:23 Arizona/New Mexico Mountains
1492:8 Southern California Mountains
1384:Northwestern Forested Mountains
1326:Ecoregions in the United States
1223:Northwestern Forested Mountains
1148:United States Geological Survey
1088:United States Geological Survey
902:Mountain Home Uplands ecoregion
762:Caribou-Targhee National Forest
410:rolling valley containing many
1852:49 Northern Minnesota Wetlands
1826:82 Laurentian Plains and Hills
1426:19 Wasatch and Uinta Mountains
1360:113 Alaska Peninsula Mountains
945:levels and created artificial
867:drainage and one northeast of
820:Camas National Wildlife Refuge
760:. It includes portions of the
1:
1867:62 North Central Appalachians
1857:50 Northern Lakes and Forests
1811:73 Mississippi Alluvial Plain
1620:34 Western Gulf Coastal Plain
1538:22 Arizona/New Mexico Plateau
1370:119 Pacific Coastal Mountains
1048:
768:Upper Snake River Plain (12e)
609:, including basin sagebrush,
601:or sparsely covered by hardy
97:Northern Basin and Range (80)
1961:109 Subarctic Coastal Plains
1892:Southern Semi-Arid Highlands
1796:70 Western Allegheny Plateau
1786:68 Southwestern Appalachians
1746:59 Northeastern Coastal Zone
1731:55 Eastern Corn Belt Plains
1681:33 East Central Texas Plains
1650:46 Northern Glaciated Plains
1635:43 Northwestern Great Plains
1022:List of ecoregions in Oregon
836:Semiarid Foothills ecoregion
824:Fort Hall Indian Reservation
7:
1726:54 Central Corn Belt Plains
1676:32 Texas Blackland Prairies
1655:47 Western Corn Belt Plains
1625:40 Central Irregular Plains
1548:80 Northern Basin and Range
1487:7 Central California Valley
1271:80 Northern Basin and Range
1017:List of ecoregions in Idaho
993:
920:corridor between Boise and
896:Mountain Home Uplands (12h)
617:, Thurber needlegrass, and
176:Snake River Plain ecoregion
29:Snake River Plain ecoregion
10:
2035:
1590:26 Southwestern Tablelands
1553:81 Sonoran Basin and Range
1518:13 Central Basin and Range
18:
1984:
1953:
1907:
1891:
1875:
1862:58 Northeastern Highlands
1844:
1821:75 Southern Coastal Plain
1741:57 Huron/Erie Lake Plains
1668:
1577:
1561:
1523:14 Mojave Basin and Range
1500:
1474:
1383:
1332:
1279:
1253:
1222:
1201:
840:Idaho Batholith ecoregion
631:Idaho National Laboratory
400:Treasure Valley ecoregion
135:
118:
110:
105:
74:
62:
57:
45:
33:
28:
1935:106 Interior Bottomlands
1915:101 Arctic Coastal Plain
1669:Eastern Temperate Forest
1615:31 Southern Texas Plains
1475:Mediterranean California
1333:Marine West Coast Forest
1202:Marine West Coast Forest
1036:List of ecoregions (WWF)
957:area of southern Idaho.
830:Semiarid Foothills (12f)
798:, Indian ricegrass, and
615:bottlebrush squirreltail
1791:69 Central Appalachians
1686:35 South Central Plains
1595:27 Central Great Plains
1028:The conservation group
643:Camas Prairie ecoregion
481:-dominated ecoregions.
313:than do streams in the
1899:79 Madrean Archipelago
1771:65 Southeastern Plains
1640:44 Nebraska Sand Hills
1585:25 Western High Plains
1501:North American Deserts
1466:118 Wrangell Mountains
1451:105 Interior Highlands
1254:North American Deserts
1133:public domain material
1073:public domain material
934:Magic Valley ecoregion
463:agricultural pollution
435:aridic moisture regime
390:
373:, as described below.
271:are grown. Elsewhere,
251:depth are sufficient,
52:Snake River Plain (12)
1945:108 Ogilvie Mountains
1691:36 Ouachita Mountains
1660:48 Lake Agassiz Plain
1543:24 Chihuahuan Deserts
982:, fourwing saltbush,
575:Lava Fields ecoregion
511:Thurber's needlegrass
491:Wyoming big sagebrush
394:Treasure Valley (12a)
384:
2014:Ecoregions of Oregon
1976:114 Aleutian Islands
1966:110 Seward Peninsula
1920:102 Arctic Foothills
1876:Tropical Wet Forests
1766:64 Northern Piedmont
1533:20 Colorado Plateaus
1513:12 Snake River Plain
1446:78 Klamath Mountains
1266:12 Snake River Plain
1245:78 Klamath Mountains
1195:Ecoregions in Oregon
1080:Ecoregions of Oregon
914:antelope bitterbrush
724:is characterized by
593:are characteristic.
499:bluebunch wheatgrass
317:ecoregions. Natural
87:Idaho Batholith (16)
1801:71 Interior Plateau
1781:67 Ridge and Valley
1756:61 Erie Drift Plain
1701:38 Boston Mountains
1508:10 Columbia Plateau
1436:41 Canadian Rockies
1431:21 Southern Rockies
1411:15 Northern Rockies
1350:3 Willamette Valley
1261:10 Columbia Plateau
1214:3 Willamette Valley
1140:Ecoregions of Idaho
1030:World Wildlife Fund
637:Camas Prairie (12c)
495:basin big sagebrush
377:Level IV ecoregions
371:Level IV ecoregions
286:are found locally.
220:. Characterized by
180:Level III ecoregion
153: /
92:Middle Rockies (17)
82:Blue Mountains (11)
1986:as defined by the
1706:39 Ozark Highlands
1696:37 Arkansas Valley
1610:30 Edwards Plateau
1461:117 Copper Plateau
1416:16 Idaho Batholith
1281:as defined by the
951:Population density
928:Magic Valley (12i)
910:crested wheatgrass
875:and nearby hills.
852:medusahead wildrye
818:. It includes the
783:nonpoint pollution
746:threetip sagebrush
742:Non-irrigated land
726:dissected plateaus
611:mountain sagebrush
529:, greasewood, and
475:Population density
391:
289:Potential natural
182:designated by the
1996:
1995:
1716:52 Driftless Area
1562:Temperate Sierras
1441:77 North Cascades
1421:17 Middle Rockies
1406:11 Blue Mountains
1291:
1290:
1240:11 Blue Mountains
800:fourwing saltbush
796:needle-and-thread
629:and parts of the
623:carrying capacity
569:Lava Fields (12b)
561:and contains the
198:. It follows the
172:
171:
21:Snake River Plain
2026:
1925:103 Brooks Range
1845:Northern Forests
1528:18 Wyoming Basin
1456:116 Alaska Range
1318:
1311:
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1295:
1294:
1187:
1180:
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1070:
1069:
1064:
984:inland saltgrass
980:black greasewood
873:Bennett Mountain
822:and most of the
779:sewage treatment
710:wildlife habitat
619:Indian ricegrass
465:. Crops include
433:. Soils have an
295:sagebrush steppe
284:dairy operations
168:
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1980:
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1940:107 Yukon Flats
1903:
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1396:5 Sierra Nevada
1379:
1345:2 Puget Lowland
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787:food processing
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758:Teton Mountains
718:
663:Idaho Batholith
639:
571:
404:Treasure Valley
402:(named for the
396:
379:
280:Cattle feedlots
278:is widespread.
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41:
40:The Snake River
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1600:28 Flint Hills
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812:American Falls
810:corridor from
769:
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730:outwash plains
717:
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694:meadow grasses
638:
635:
570:
567:
483:Crop diversity
455:municipalities
395:
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378:
375:
360:Shoshone Falls
232:. Many of the
208:Eastern Oregon
170:
169:
157:43.0°N 114.0°W
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1340:1 Coast Range
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869:Mountain Home
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459:water quality
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364:zoogeographic
361:
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308:
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297:, but barren
296:
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189:
186:(EPA) in the
185:
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177:
166:
138:
134:
127:
124:
123:
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117:
114:United States
113:
109:
104:
98:
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70:
67:
65:
61:
56:
49:
44:
37:
32:
27:
22:
1578:Great Plains
1512:
1265:
1154:Reverse side
1139:
1094:Reverse side
1079:
966:
964:
938:Magic Valley
933:
931:
901:
899:
884:
882:
871:, including
865:Weiser River
835:
833:
773:
771:
738:wind erosion
721:
719:
702:Idaho fescue
642:
640:
621:. Livestock
583:cinder cones
574:
572:
428:alluvial fan
399:
397:
368:
334:stenothermal
288:
215:intermontane
175:
173:
162:43.0; -114.0
2019:Lava fields
1645:45 Piedmont
943:groundwater
848:bitterbrush
816:St. Anthony
754:Teton Basin
750:Wet meadows
706:Camas River
682:bottomlands
651:bottomlands
515:rabbitbrush
453:as well as
447:pastureland
408:unglaciated
362:is a major
332:, but some
323:mesothermal
299:lava fields
253:sugar beets
241:agriculture
200:Snake River
188:U.S. states
160: /
136:Coordinates
2003:Categories
1391:4 Cascades
1324:Level III
1230:4 Cascades
1193:Level III
1049:References
955:Twin Falls
890:winter fat
808:interstate
804:cottonwood
519:cheatgrass
457:. Surface
424:lacustrine
418:alluvium,
416:Quaternary
311:substrates
307:greasewood
293:is mostly
291:vegetation
269:vegetables
247:water and
245:irrigation
230:ecoregions
206:border to
791:phosphate
678:mollisols
659:foothills
591:volcanics
577:contains
531:saltgrass
527:shadscale
503:bluegrass
479:rangeland
443:grassland
439:sagebrush
351:fish and
337:salmonids
273:livestock
106:Geography
994:See also
988:seepweed
975:alkaline
971:badlands
947:wetlands
684:support
674:flooding
667:mountain
647:terraces
451:cropland
431:deposits
406:) is an
387:Full map
341:sculpins
303:saltbush
263:, small
257:potatoes
243:. Where
234:alluvial
224:and low
148:114°00′W
69:Nearctic
922:Gooding
863:in the
856:clovers
698:willows
607:grasses
581:flows,
547:Malheur
535:Payette
525:areas,
356:species
353:mollusc
349:endemic
345:springs
330:suckers
326:minnows
315:montane
276:grazing
261:alfalfa
237:valleys
210:in the
204:Wyoming
145:43°00′N
111:Country
75:Borders
58:Ecology
1954:Tundra
906:buttes
861:Weiser
844:clayey
789:, and
734:basins
696:, and
690:sedges
686:rushes
670:runoff
655:basalt
603:shrubs
599:barren
585:, and
579:basalt
551:Owyhee
543:Weiser
523:saline
517:, and
471:onions
426:, and
412:canals
267:, and
265:grains
222:plains
196:Oregon
128:Oregon
119:States
1908:Taiga
1144:(PDF)
1135:from
1084:(PDF)
1075:from
555:Boise
539:Boise
521:. In
487:frost
467:wheat
420:loess
226:hills
212:xeric
192:Idaho
178:is a
125:Idaho
64:Realm
965:The
932:The
918:I-84
900:The
883:The
834:The
772:The
720:The
641:The
605:and
573:The
559:Vale
549:and
449:and
398:The
339:and
328:and
319:fish
301:and
282:and
249:soil
218:west
194:and
174:The
814:to
557:to
190:of
2005::
1156:).
1146:.
1101:^
1096:).
1086:.
1057:^
1003::
924:.
850:,
826:.
785:,
781:,
764:.
712:.
692:,
688:,
653:,
649:,
633:.
565:.
545:,
541:,
537:,
513:,
509:,
505:,
501:,
497:,
493:,
473:.
422:,
389:).
358:.
259:,
255:,
1317:e
1310:t
1303:v
1186:e
1179:t
1172:v
1150:.
1090:.
441:-
305:-
23:.
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