435:
492:, who had initially supported his rise to power. When he tried to deprive them of their province, they resumed their contacts with the Buyids. Finally, it was discontent among the Turkish military that led to his downfall: the Turks under Bajkam rose up against him, and after a brief struggle, Bajkam became the new
532:
until his death in April 941. Bajkam's unexpected death created a power vacuum in
Baghdad, with disagreements between Daylamite and Turkish forces prompting the former to join the defeated al-Baridi, while many of the latter fled north to Mosul and thence came to join Ibn Ra'iq in Damascus. The
312:
Following Mu'nis' departure from
Baghdad, the two brothers joined the faction of Muhammad ibn Yaqut, who opposed a rapprochement with him, and urged al-Muqtadir to oppose a return of the general to Baghdad by force. Al-Muqtadir vacillated long between them and the faction around the vizier
450:, tried to restore central control, but his expedition against the Hamdanids in 935 failed to achieve any lasting results and his attempt to campaign against Ibn Ra'iq in the next spring failed to even get off the ground, and he was himself arrested.
541:. Al-Muttaqi appealed to Ibn Ra'iq for assistance against Kurankij. Ibn Ra'iq marched on Baghdad and managed to sideline and imprison Kurankij. The Daylamites who had been his mainstay were massacred, and Ibn Ra'iq was re-appointed as
321:, who were in favour of a reconciliation. When Mu'nis marched on Baghdad, the Caliph rode out to confront him and was killed in the ensuing battle. Mu'nis thus emerged as the undisputed king-maker and dictator of the Caliphate.
301:). They used this position to acquire considerable influence over al-Muqtadir, thus reducing their dependency, and loyalty, to their patron Mu'nis: when the caliphal faction gained ascendancy over Mu'nis with the appointment of
939:
The
Eclipse of the 'Abbasid Caliphate. Original Chronicles of the Fourth Islamic Century, Vol. V: The concluding portion of The Experiences of Nations by Miskawaihi, Vol. II: Reigns of Muttaqi, Mustakfi, Muzi and
507:
to flood the countryside. This action did not avail Ibn Ra'iq, but it heavily impaired the local agriculture for centuries to come, since the canal played a central role in the ancient irrigation system of the
340:), Muhammad and his brother abandoned Baghdad, as did the other members of the court who had opposed Mu'nis. The two sons of Ra'iq were soon enticed back, however, as Muhammad was offered the governorship of
516:
writes, "the breach of the
Nahrawan canal was simply the most dramatic example of a widespread phenomenon of the time; and it was symbolic of the end of ‘Abbasid power just as the breach of the
580:. Their son Muzahim was originally held as a hostage in the Ikhshidid court, but later rose to become a senior commander in the Ikhshidid army and marry an Ikhshidid princess.
503:
The struggle between Bajkam and Ibn Ra'iq had one long-term and disastrous consequence: trying to impede Bajkam's advance towards
Baghdad, Ibn Ra'iq ordered the blocking of the
295:
When Mu'nis assumed full control of the government in 931, dismissing the Caliph's favourites, he appointed
Muhammad and Ibrahim, again jointly, as the caliph's chamberlains (
1207:
463:("commander of the commanders"). The post entailed overall command over the army, as well as the supervision of the civil administration, hitherto the province of the
453:
Al-Radi was now forced to turn to Ibn Ra'iq for support, even though he had dismissed such a proposal in 935. Thus, in 936 Ibn Ra'iq came to
Baghdad and assumed
488:, destroying the last body of troops still loyal to the Abbasid dynasty. Ibn Ra'iq's authority was soon weakened, however, when he fell out with the Baridis of
362:
The frequent coups and violent struggle for control of the
Caliphate had by this time greatly enfeebled the central government. Effective control over the
418:
became prominent. Even in Iraq itself, the authority of the caliphal government was challenged. Thus in the south, around Basra, the Baridi family under
951:(1972). "La prise de pouvoir par les Fatimides en Égypte (357‑363/968‑974)" [The Seizure of Power by the Fatimids in Egypt (357–363/968–974)].
318:
1222:
1202:
1212:
280:
309:, the two brothers quickly shifted their allegiance after being told of a rumour that Mu'nis was considering dismissing them.
1034:
442:
In this atmosphere of disintegration, Ibn Ra'iq likewise refused to send his province's revenue to
Baghdad. The Caliph's
1071:
422:
established its own domain, often refusing to send tax revenues to
Baghdad and establishing contacts with the Buyids of
1217:
314:
1010:
533:
Baridis briefly captured Baghdad, but a revolt of their soldiery drove them out, and the Daylamite chief named
391:
548:
He did not long enjoy it, however, as in early 942 he was assassinated at the orders of the Hamdanid prince
17:
230:
military leaders in 938, he regained the post in 941 and kept it until his assassination in February 942.
1192:
1172:
1106:
484:
464:
443:
306:
152:
101:
933:
467:. The caliph was deprived of any say in affairs of state, and sidelined to a purely symbolic role.
1026:
The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates: The Islamic Near East from the 6th to the 11th Century
929:
258:). Together with his brother Ibrahim, Muhammad ibn Ra'iq was a protege of the commander-in-chief
1164:
565:
419:
302:
97:
1058:
259:
262:. Thanks to his favour, the two brothers were appointed to the post of chief of the police (
1002:
The Buwayhid Dynasty in Iraq 334 H./945 to 403 H./1012: Shaping Institutions for the Future
370:
had long been lost, but now autonomous local dynasties emerged in the provinces closer to
8:
1197:
937:
968:
482:. To secure his own position, Ibn Ra'iq even massacred the old caliphal bodyguard, the
284:
1049:
981:
1154:
1121:
1081:
1044:
1030:
1006:
987:
972:
573:
209:
115:
52:
960:
948:
1024:
1020:
1000:
513:
264:
1066:
1062:
549:
504:
375:
248:
227:
1186:
1149:
1116:
1085:
1054:
459:
423:
379:
219:
214:
110:
47:
964:
991:
835:
497:
403:
269:
383:
212:, who exploited the caliphal government's weakness to become the first
73:
1098:
517:
470:
The main pillars of Ibn Ra'iq's regime were the Turkish troops under
447:
434:
411:
399:
387:
290:
148:
1141:
883:
859:
534:
479:
367:
330:
85:
799:
363:
349:
136:
772:
1131:
569:
520:
was of the end of the prosperity of pre-Islamic south Arabia".
471:
415:
395:
244:
165:
577:
509:
489:
475:
345:
341:
297:
407:
371:
895:
743:
568:, scion of an Iraqi bureaucratic dynasty and the longtime
789:
787:
762:
760:
758:
733:
731:
847:
823:
811:
716:
627:
625:
623:
621:
619:
617:
615:
613:
611:
704:
692:
680:
656:
457:
control over the caliphal government with the title of
344:. Returning to favour, he obtained the governorship of
983:
The Life and Times of ʿAlí Ibn ʿÍsà, ‘The Good Vizier’
907:
784:
755:
728:
646:
644:
642:
640:
598:
596:
594:
592:
608:
496:
in September 938, while Ibn Ra'iq was sent to govern
247:
origin and served as a military officer under Caliph
871:
668:
637:
589:
1048:
928:
889:
865:
841:
805:
291:Defection from Mu'nis and the death of al-Muqtadir
226:regent) of the Caliphate in 936. Deposed by rival
1208:Assassinated people of the medieval Islamic world
279:) in March 929, in which the previous incumbent,
1184:
329:With the triumph of Mu'nis and the accession of
204:(died 13 February 942), usually simply known as
429:
523:
283:, had been involved. They were replaced by
65:21 September 941 – 13 February 942
1072:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
128:10 November 936 – 9 September 938
986:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
947:
913:
433:
1043:
1019:
998:
901:
793:
778:
766:
749:
737:
631:
602:
268:) after the failed coup against Caliph
14:
1223:Amir al-umara of the Abbasid Caliphate
1185:
979:
877:
853:
829:
817:
722:
710:
698:
686:
674:
662:
650:
564:Ibn Ra'iq was married to a sister of
438:Map of Iraq in the 9th–10th centuries
317:and the caliph's influential cousin,
1080:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 902.
1029:(Second ed.). Harlow: Longman.
27:10th-century Abbasid senior official
1159:23 September 941 – 13 February 942
324:
243:Muhammad ibn Ra'iq's father was of
24:
1126:10 November 936 – 9 September 938
25:
1234:
1203:Iraq under the Abbasid Caliphate
394:—the "island" plain between the
1213:10th-century military personnel
354:
335:
315:al-Fadl ibn Ja'far ibn al-Furat
274:
253:
238:
208:, was a senior official of the
890:Amedroz & Margoliouth 1921
866:Amedroz & Margoliouth 1921
842:Amedroz & Margoliouth 1921
806:Amedroz & Margoliouth 1921
13:
1:
583:
390:had secured control over the
1005:. Leiden and Boston: Brill.
552:, who soon succeeded him as
233:
218:("commander of commanders",
7:
202:Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Ra'iq
10:
1239:
943:. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
922:
430:First emirate and downfall
1218:10th-century Asian people
1161:
1146:
1138:
1128:
1113:
1095:
999:Donohue, John J. (2003).
781:, pp. 195, 197, 204.
559:
478:, former subordinates of
414:warlords, among whom the
195:
180:
175:
171:
159:
142:
132:
121:
108:
91:
79:
69:
58:
45:
41:
34:
844:, pp. 13–14, 20–21.
524:Second emirate and death
1165:Abu Abdallah al-Baridi
980:Bowen, Harold (1928).
965:10.3406/anisl.1972.950
953:Annales Islamologiques
439:
420:Abu Abdallah al-Baridi
303:al-Husayn ibn al-Qasim
98:Abu Abdallah al-Baridi
934:Margoliouth, David S.
437:
725:, pp. 326, 345.
348:on the accession of
904:, pp. 195–196.
856:, pp. 370–371.
832:, pp. 366–367.
820:, pp. 365–366.
752:, pp. 194–195.
713:, pp. 318–321.
701:, pp. 317–318.
689:, pp. 311–312.
665:, pp. 281–286.
566:Ja'far ibn al-Furat
1193:9th-century births
1045:Sourdel, Dominique
545:on 23 September.
440:
382:were ruled by the
285:Muhammad ibn Yaqut
260:Mu'nis al-Muzaffar
36:Muhammad ibn Ra'iq
1181:
1180:
1177:
1162:Succeeded by
1155:Abbasid Caliphate
1129:Succeeded by
1122:Abbasid Caliphate
1111:
1036:978-0-582-40525-7
949:Bianquis, Thierry
930:Amedroz, Henry F.
892:, pp. 20–24.
868:, pp. 15–18.
574:Ikhshidid dynasty
210:Abbasid Caliphate
199:
198:
116:Abbasid Caliphate
53:Abbasid Caliphate
16:(Redirected from
1230:
1168:
1139:Preceded by
1102:
1096:Preceded by
1093:
1092:
1089:
1052:
1040:
1016:
995:
976:
944:
917:
911:
905:
899:
893:
887:
881:
875:
869:
863:
857:
851:
845:
839:
833:
827:
821:
815:
809:
808:, pp. 9–10.
803:
797:
791:
782:
776:
770:
764:
753:
747:
741:
735:
726:
720:
714:
708:
702:
696:
690:
684:
678:
672:
666:
660:
654:
648:
635:
629:
606:
600:
528:Bajkam remained
358:
356:
339:
337:
325:Return to office
319:Harun ibn Gharib
278:
276:
257:
255:
191:
189:
176:Personal details
162:
145:
126:
94:
82:
63:
32:
31:
21:
1238:
1237:
1233:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1228:
1227:
1183:
1182:
1167:
1158:
1144:
1134:
1125:
1101:
1037:
1013:
936:, eds. (1921).
925:
920:
912:
908:
900:
896:
888:
884:
876:
872:
864:
860:
852:
848:
840:
836:
828:
824:
816:
812:
804:
800:
792:
785:
777:
773:
765:
756:
748:
744:
736:
729:
721:
717:
709:
705:
697:
693:
685:
681:
673:
669:
661:
657:
649:
638:
630:
609:
601:
590:
586:
562:
526:
514:Hugh N. Kennedy
432:
406:—while most of
353:
334:
327:
293:
273:
265:sahib al-shurta
252:
241:
236:
187:
185:
184:13 February 942
160:
143:
127:
122:
92:
80:
64:
59:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1236:
1226:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1179:
1178:
1163:
1160:
1145:
1140:
1136:
1135:
1130:
1127:
1112:
1097:
1091:
1090:
1041:
1035:
1017:
1011:
996:
977:
945:
924:
921:
919:
918:
906:
894:
882:
880:, p. 373.
870:
858:
846:
834:
822:
810:
798:
796:, p. 197.
783:
771:
769:, p. 195.
754:
742:
740:, p. 194.
727:
715:
703:
691:
679:
677:, p. 299.
667:
655:
653:, p. 291.
636:
634:, p. 902.
607:
587:
585:
582:
561:
558:
550:Nasir al-Dawla
525:
522:
505:Nahrawan Canal
431:
428:
357: 934–940
338: 932–934
326:
323:
292:
289:
287:a year later.
277: 908–932
256: 892–902
240:
237:
235:
232:
197:
196:
193:
192:
182:
178:
177:
173:
172:
169:
168:
163:
157:
156:
146:
140:
139:
134:
130:
129:
119:
118:
106:
105:
95:
89:
88:
83:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
56:
55:
43:
42:
39:
38:
35:
26:
18:Ibn Ra'iq
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1235:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1176:
1175:
1174:
1166:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1151:
1150:amir al-umara
1143:
1137:
1133:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1118:
1117:amir al-umara
1110:
1109:
1108:
1100:
1094:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1073:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1059:Ménage, V. L.
1056:
1051:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1022:
1021:Kennedy, Hugh
1018:
1014:
1012:90-04-12860-3
1008:
1004:
1003:
997:
993:
989:
985:
984:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
955:(in French).
954:
950:
946:
942:
941:
935:
931:
927:
926:
916:, p. 58.
915:
914:Bianquis 1972
910:
903:
898:
891:
886:
879:
874:
867:
862:
855:
850:
843:
838:
831:
826:
819:
814:
807:
802:
795:
790:
788:
780:
775:
768:
763:
761:
759:
751:
746:
739:
734:
732:
724:
719:
712:
707:
700:
695:
688:
683:
676:
671:
664:
659:
652:
647:
645:
643:
641:
633:
628:
626:
624:
622:
620:
618:
616:
614:
612:
604:
599:
597:
595:
593:
588:
581:
579:
575:
571:
567:
557:
555:
554:amir al-umara
551:
546:
544:
543:amir al-umara
540:
539:amir al-umara
536:
531:
530:amir al-umara
521:
519:
515:
511:
506:
501:
499:
495:
494:amir al-umara
491:
487:
486:
481:
477:
473:
468:
466:
462:
461:
460:amir al-umara
456:
451:
449:
445:
436:
427:
425:
421:
417:
413:
410:was ruled by
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
360:
351:
347:
343:
332:
322:
320:
316:
310:
308:
304:
300:
299:
288:
286:
282:
271:
267:
266:
261:
250:
246:
231:
229:
225:
221:
220:generalissimo
217:
216:
215:amir al-umara
211:
207:
203:
194:
183:
179:
174:
170:
167:
164:
158:
154:
150:
147:
141:
138:
135:
131:
125:
120:
117:
113:
112:
111:amir al-umara
107:
103:
99:
96:
90:
87:
84:
78:
75:
72:
68:
62:
57:
54:
50:
49:
48:amir al-umara
44:
40:
33:
30:
19:
1170:
1169:
1148:
1147:
1115:
1114:
1104:
1103:
1077:
1070:
1025:
1001:
982:
956:
952:
938:
909:
902:Kennedy 2004
897:
885:
873:
861:
849:
837:
825:
813:
801:
794:Kennedy 2004
779:Kennedy 2004
774:
767:Kennedy 2004
750:Kennedy 2004
745:
738:Kennedy 2004
718:
706:
694:
682:
670:
658:
632:Sourdel 1971
605:, p. 9.
603:Donohue 2003
563:
553:
547:
542:
538:
529:
527:
502:
493:
483:
469:
458:
454:
452:
441:
361:
328:
311:
296:
294:
263:
242:
239:Early career
223:
213:
205:
201:
200:
161:Succeeded by
123:
109:
93:Succeeded by
60:
46:
29:
1076:Volume III:
1067:Schacht, J.
1063:Pellat, Ch.
1050:"Ibn Rāʾiḳ"
498:Diyar Mudar
404:Mesopotamia
270:al-Muqtadir
249:al-Mu'tadid
144:Preceded by
81:Preceded by
1198:942 deaths
1187:Categories
959:: 49–108.
878:Bowen 1928
854:Bowen 1928
830:Bowen 1928
818:Bowen 1928
723:Bowen 1928
711:Bowen 1928
699:Bowen 1928
687:Bowen 1928
675:Bowen 1928
663:Bowen 1928
651:Bowen 1928
584:References
384:Ikhshidids
188:0942-02-14
74:al-Muttaqi
1099:Ibn Muqla
1086:495469525
1055:Lewis, B.
973:259055451
518:Marib Dam
485:Hujariyya
448:Ibn Muqla
412:Daylamite
402:in upper
400:Euphrates
388:Hamdanids
234:Biography
206:Ibn Ra'iq
149:Ibn Muqla
124:In office
61:In office
1142:Kurankij
1069:(eds.).
1047:(1971).
1023:(2004).
535:Kurankij
480:Mardavij
455:de facto
368:Khurasan
331:al-Qahir
224:de facto
86:Kurankij
1153:of the
1120:of the
923:Sources
572:of the
537:became
364:Maghreb
350:al-Radi
228:Turkish
186: (
137:al-Radi
133:Monarch
114:of the
70:Monarch
51:of the
1173:Vizier
1132:Bajkam
1107:Vizier
1084:
1078:H–Iram
1065:&
1033:
1009:
992:386849
990:
971:
570:vizier
560:Family
472:Bajkam
465:vizier
444:vizier
416:Buyids
396:Tigris
392:Jazira
386:, the
307:vizier
245:Khazar
166:Bajkam
153:vizier
102:vizier
1053:. In
969:S2CID
578:Egypt
512:. As
510:Sawad
490:Ahwaz
476:Tuzun
380:Syria
376:Egypt
346:Wasit
342:Basra
298:hajib
281:Nazuk
1082:OCLC
1031:ISBN
1007:ISBN
988:OCLC
940:Ta'i
474:and
424:Fars
408:Iran
398:and
378:and
372:Iraq
366:and
222:and
181:Died
151:(as
100:(as
1171:as
1105:as
961:doi
576:of
359:).
305:as
1189::
1074:.
1061:;
1057:;
967:.
957:XI
932:;
786:^
757:^
730:^
639:^
610:^
591:^
556:.
500:.
446:,
426:.
374::
355:r.
336:r.
275:r.
254:r.
1088:.
1039:.
1015:.
994:.
975:.
963::
352:(
333:(
272:(
251:(
190:)
155:)
104:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.