222:, in charge of guarding the forts of this canton, and his small federated army of 70 cavalrymen, met Iaudas soon after, near the water source of Tigisis; Iaudas wanted to have access to water from the fountain for his men "devoured by the ardent thirst produced by fatigue and the heat, because it was then at the height of summer", while Althias wanted to recover some prisoners from Iaudas. In order to settle the dispute, the two leaders fought face to face in
259:, Iaudas and the other Berber chieftains accompanying Stotzas fell back and Stotzas was defeated. In 539, Solomon had a second and meticulous campaign in the heart of the Aurès, this time decisive: Iaudas was hunted down, and had to give in after a long resistance. He lost his treasure, his wives (or his concubines), and was wounded in the thigh by a javelin, but did not capitulate: he chose exile in
248:, advanced against the Aurès. He challenged Iaudas to battle, but after three days his soldiers grew suspicious of the loyalty of the Berbers. As a result, Solomon abandoned the campaign and did not engage in conflict with them again until 537 due to a mutiny by the Byzantine army in the spring of 536.
304:
In the summer of 546, Iaudas was definitively defeated by the
Byzantine general John Troglita, he was not forced to flee this time, but had to accept the tutelage of the Byzantines. Indeed, he reappears in the sources only in 547/548 and 548, to provide soldiers at the call of John Troglita, and to
169:
was recalled to Europe and replaced by
Solomon, the suppression of Donatist practices took sway and led to growing resentment, alienating Iaudas and his followers, many of whom were sympathetic to the Donatist church.
141:
to the
Eastern Roman population as a defense of the Nicene Christian population of Africa. Initially characterized by religious pragmatism, the occupation soon shifted under pressure from African bishops and the Pope,
680:
237:, which placed Iaudas in the front line against the Empire. He stood up, first welcoming the survivors of the insurrection, like Cutzinas, then resisting Solomon's advance in the Aurès.
266:
The great revolt of the tribes of
Tripolitania and Byzacena, 5 years later, however, enabled him to achieve a spectacular recovery. In 544, Solomon and his troops were crushed at the
277:
At the end of 545, he emerged again to attack the Empire at the head of an army from
Numidia, which he joined with the great coalition of insurgents led by Antalas and the
255:, the leader of a major Byzantine army mutiny, and reconciled with one of his old rivals, Orthaïas, who commanded Berber tribes located west of the Aurès. In the
226:. Iaudas, terrified by the dexterity of Althias, who killed his horse, fled with his army in disorder. All loot and prisoners were collected by the Byzantines.
297:, while the Berber leader Antalas pounded and invaded Byzacena. Carthage was taken, however, Guntharic was the victim of a conspiracy and was assassinated by
109:
Iaudas was the son-in-law of MĂ©phanias, another tribal chief, whom he assassinated, and the brother-in-law of MassĂ´nas, son of MĂ©phanias. According to
27:
858:
589:
125:, the leader of the Berbers of Aurasion. The latter also describes him as being “of all the Moors the handsomest and most valiant”.
988:
158:. Belisarius, on the other hand, met Moorish chiefs and sought to integrate the African provinces by honoring the local Donatist
827:
694:
646:
281:, and participated with them, in 546, in the negotiations with another Byzantine dissenter, the usurper of Vandal origin
983:
715:
138:
229:
In 534-535, the
Berbers of Byzacena, insurgents against the new power, were defeated by Solomon during the battles of
669:
613:
851:
267:
244:, who sought revenge for his father, assassinated by Iaudas, and OrthaĂŻas, victim of a conspiracy by Iaudas and
836:
256:
162:, blending Byzantine saints with North African martyrs, and establishing shrines and chapels in their honor.
310:
998:
844:
892:
661:
638:
179:
556:
686:
993:
203:
202:, Iaudas took the opportunity to take his 30,000 warriors to invade and plunder the countryside of
317:
and would have provided a contingent of 12,000 men according to
Corippus, who presents him as the
932:
211:
927:
784:
578:
90:
31:
751:
415:
159:
545:
952:
605:
History of the later Roman Empire from the death of
Theodosius I. to the death of Justinian
567:
8:
937:
917:
147:
962:
867:
738:
234:
219:
207:
214:, in Algeria), taking a large number of prisoners. Procopius relates that the officer
199:
947:
823:
804:
771:
711:
690:
665:
642:
619:
609:
871:
796:
763:
230:
902:
705:
632:
195:
957:
922:
321:
Iaudas, the only one who, in the descriptions of the Berber auxiliaries in the
305:
follow their army when it has to fight against a new attack from the tribes of
134:
866:
150:, as indicated in Novella 37, which prohibited the practices of Jews, pagans,
977:
808:
775:
580:
L'Afrique byzantine: histoire de la domination byzantine en
Afrique (533-709)
290:
223:
800:
767:
623:
789:
Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des
Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres
484:
482:
306:
98:
785:"Recherches sur les campagnes de Solomon en Numidie méridionale (535-589)"
494:
431:
Vandals, Romans and Berbers: New Perspectives on Late Antique North Africa
603:
314:
286:
143:
817:
742:
727:"Un témoignage peu connu de Procope sur la Numidie vandale et byzantine"
726:
479:
454:
452:
260:
166:
887:
882:
298:
282:
191:
122:
658:
The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire - Volume III, AD 527–641
506:
449:
942:
294:
278:
245:
187:
183:
155:
151:
110:
97:, and played an important role in the Berber revolts following the
437:
94:
897:
325:, appears as an ally in spite of himself, who acts under duress.
271:
252:
215:
52:
907:
656:
Martindale, John Robert; Jones, A. H. M.; Morris, John (1992).
631:
Martindale, John Robert; Jones, A. H. M.; Morris, John (1980).
241:
62:
682:
Histoire de l'Afrique - Le rêve d'un empire chrétien universel
634:
The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire. II - A.D. 395–527
352:
350:
285:, and then in the war waged against the new general sent by
912:
335:
301:
shortly after; the city was taken over by the Byzantines.
293:. In coalition with Guntharic, he and Cutzinas headed for
347:
121:, i.e. the leader of the Auresian army, and according to
89:
was a Berber leader of the sixth century and king of the
822:(in French). Publications de l’École française de Rome.
93:
who held the Byzantines in check for a long time in the
523:
521:
469:
467:
251:
Iaudas reappears in the sources in 537 when he joined
752:"L'Aurès au VIe siècle. Note sur le récit de Procope"
655:
630:
512:
500:
488:
458:
443:
398:
178:
At the beginning of 535, while the Byzantine general
550:(in French). Vol. VII. Tunis: Revue tunisienne.
368:
518:
464:
182:was busy dealing with the revolt of the Berbers of
975:
707:Histoire de l'Afrique - des origines Ă nos jours
383:
597:(in French). Paris: Arts et métiers graphiques.
852:
703:
341:
274:, the Byzantine general was himself killed.
137:in 533-534, Emperor Justinian presented the
859:
845:
554:
724:
587:
543:
428:
133:Following the Byzantine conquest of the
815:
782:
704:Lugan, Bernard; Fournel, André (2009).
678:
565:
527:
356:
263:, perhaps with his old ally, Mastigas.
976:
840:
749:
608:. Vol. 2. New York: Dover publ.
576:
416:"NOV. XXXVII ~ DE AFRICANA ECCLESIA"
413:
601:
473:
309:. He participated in the victorious
146:then issued legislation to enforce
13:
558:Histoire de la Guerre des Vandales
104:
14:
1010:
679:Maraval, Pierre (24 March 2016).
561:(in French). Paris: Firmin Didot.
401:The African Policy of Justinian I
371:The African Policy of Justinian I
240:Solomon, with two Berber chiefs,
819:Les Maures et l'Afrique romaine
989:5th-century monarchs in Africa
422:
407:
392:
377:
362:
1:
566:Modéran, Yves (1 June 2011).
328:
41:
816:Modéran, Yves (2013-05-22).
588:Courtois, Christian (1955).
311:battle of the Fields of Cato
7:
602:Bury, John Bagnell (1958).
583:(in French). Paris: Leroux.
10:
1015:
662:Cambridge University Press
639:Cambridge University Press
572:(in French). Vol. 23.
537:
399:Miranda Eleanor Williams.
369:Miranda Eleanor Williams.
206:, as far as the region of
128:
984:5th-century Berber people
878:
591:Les Vandales et l'Afrique
429:Merrills, Andrew (2004).
72:
68:
58:
48:
37:
26:
21:
783:Morizot, Pierre (1993).
725:Desanges, Jehan (1963).
342:Lugan & Fournel 2009
257:Battle of Scalas Veteres
218:, placed in the city of
870:established around the
801:10.3406/crai.1993.15188
768:10.3406/antaf.1980.1053
710:(in French). Ellipses.
577:Diehl, Charles (1896).
750:Janon, Michel (1980).
513:Martindale et al. 1980
501:Martindale et al. 1992
489:Martindale et al. 1992
459:Martindale et al. 1992
444:Martindale et al. 1992
384:Merrills & Miles.
173:
756:Antiquités africaines
289:, replacing Solomon,
270:by the Berber leader
928:Kingdom of the Aurès
888:Anglo-Saxon kingdoms
569:Encyclopédie berbère
503:, p. 1199-1200.
313:against Antalas and
186:, led by the chiefs
99:Byzantine reconquest
91:Kingdom of the Aurès
938:Ostrogothic kingdom
528:Modéran et al. 2011
357:Modéran et al. 2013
148:Nicene Christianity
999:6th-century deaths
963:Visigothic kingdom
923:Kingdom of Odoacer
893:Burgundian kingdom
883:Alamannian kingdom
868:Barbarian kingdoms
660:. Cambridge (GB):
555:Procopius (1852).
491:, p. 610-611.
359:, p. 315-415.
268:Battle of Sufetula
971:
970:
948:Sub-Roman Britain
918:Kingdom of Altava
829:978-2-7283-1003-6
696:979-10-210-1643-9
648:978-0-521-20159-9
544:Corippus (1900).
433:. pp. 265–6.
373:. pp. 89–90.
80:
79:
1006:
898:Frankish kingdom
872:Migration Period
861:
854:
847:
838:
837:
833:
812:
779:
746:
721:
700:
675:
652:
627:
598:
596:
584:
573:
562:
551:
531:
525:
516:
510:
504:
498:
492:
486:
477:
474:Bury et al. 1958
471:
462:
456:
447:
441:
435:
434:
426:
420:
419:
411:
405:
404:
396:
390:
389:
381:
375:
374:
366:
360:
354:
345:
339:
139:African campaign
119:Aurasitana manus
43:
19:
18:
1014:
1013:
1009:
1008:
1007:
1005:
1004:
1003:
994:Berber monarchs
974:
973:
972:
967:
953:Suebian kingdom
933:Lombard kingdom
903:Frisian kingdom
874:
865:
830:
718:
697:
672:
649:
616:
594:
540:
535:
534:
526:
519:
511:
507:
499:
495:
487:
480:
472:
465:
461:, p. 1172.
457:
450:
442:
438:
427:
423:
412:
408:
397:
393:
382:
378:
367:
363:
355:
348:
340:
336:
331:
176:
160:cult of martyrs
131:
107:
105:Life and career
17:
12:
11:
5:
1012:
1002:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
969:
968:
966:
965:
960:
958:Vandal kingdom
955:
950:
945:
943:Rugian kingdom
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
879:
876:
875:
864:
863:
856:
849:
841:
835:
834:
828:
813:
780:
762:(1): 345–351.
747:
722:
717:978-2729842680
716:
701:
695:
676:
670:
653:
647:
628:
614:
599:
585:
574:
563:
552:
539:
536:
533:
532:
517:
515:, p. 506.
505:
493:
478:
476:, p. 143.
463:
448:
436:
421:
406:
403:. p. 200.
391:
388:. p. 241.
376:
361:
346:
344:, p. 137.
333:
332:
330:
327:
235:Mount Bourgaon
175:
172:
135:Vandal Kingdom
130:
127:
106:
103:
78:
77:
74:
70:
69:
66:
65:
60:
56:
55:
50:
46:
45:
39:
35:
34:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1011:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
981:
979:
964:
961:
959:
956:
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951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
913:Hunnic empire
911:
909:
908:Gepid kingdom
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
880:
877:
873:
869:
862:
857:
855:
850:
848:
843:
842:
839:
831:
825:
821:
820:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
795:(1): 83–106.
794:
791:(in French).
790:
786:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
758:(in French).
757:
753:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
723:
719:
713:
709:
708:
702:
698:
692:
688:
685:(in French).
684:
683:
677:
673:
671:0-521-20160-8
667:
663:
659:
654:
650:
644:
640:
636:
635:
629:
625:
621:
617:
615:9780486203980
611:
607:
606:
600:
593:
592:
586:
582:
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575:
571:
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560:
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553:
549:
548:
542:
541:
529:
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522:
514:
509:
502:
497:
490:
485:
483:
475:
470:
468:
460:
455:
453:
446:, p. 50.
445:
440:
432:
425:
417:
410:
402:
395:
387:
380:
372:
365:
358:
353:
351:
343:
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316:
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308:
302:
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296:
292:
291:John Troglita
288:
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273:
269:
264:
262:
258:
254:
249:
247:
243:
238:
236:
232:
227:
225:
224:single combat
221:
217:
213:
210:(present-day
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
171:
168:
163:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
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126:
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120:
116:
113:, he was the
112:
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100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
75:
71:
67:
64:
61:
57:
54:
51:
47:
40:
36:
33:
29:
25:
20:
16:Berber leader
818:
792:
788:
759:
755:
737:(1): 41–69.
734:
730:
706:
681:
657:
633:
604:
590:
579:
568:
557:
546:
508:
496:
439:
430:
424:
409:
400:
394:
385:
379:
370:
364:
337:
322:
318:
307:Tripolitania
303:
276:
265:
250:
239:
228:
212:AĂŻn el-Bordj
200:Iourphouthès
196:Medisinissas
177:
164:
132:
118:
114:
108:
86:
82:
81:
414:Justinian.
386:The Vandals
49:Predecessor
978:Categories
687:Tallandier
329:References
261:Mauretania
167:Belisarius
809:0065-0536
776:0066-4871
731:Byzantion
547:Johannide
323:Johannide
319:famulatus
299:Artabanes
287:Justinian
283:Guntarith
192:Esdilasas
152:Donatists
144:Justinian
123:Procopius
76:after 548
59:Successor
44:516 – 539
743:44169071
624:41478187
315:Carcasan
295:Carthage
279:Laguatan
246:Mastigas
220:Centuria
188:Cutzinas
184:Byzacena
111:Corippus
538:Sources
272:Antalas
253:Stotzas
216:Althias
208:Tigisis
204:Numidia
180:Solomon
129:Prelude
117:of the
53:Masties
30:of the
826:
807:
774:
741:
714:
693:
668:
645:
622:
612:
242:Masuna
231:Mammes
156:Arians
154:, and
87:Iabdas
83:Iaudas
63:Kahina
22:Iaudas
739:JSTOR
595:(PDF)
95:Aurès
38:Reign
32:Aurès
824:ISBN
805:ISSN
772:ISSN
712:ISBN
691:ISBN
666:ISBN
643:ISBN
620:OCLC
610:ISBN
233:and
198:and
73:Died
28:King
797:doi
793:137
764:doi
174:War
165:As
115:dux
85:or
980::
803:.
787:.
770:.
760:15
754:.
735:33
733:.
729:.
689:.
664:.
641:.
637:.
618:.
520:^
481:^
466:^
451:^
349:^
194:,
190:,
101:.
42:c.
860:e
853:t
846:v
832:.
811:.
799::
778:.
766::
745:.
720:.
699:.
674:.
651:.
626:.
530:.
418:.
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