John Paul Jones - Knowledge

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to use a defensive strategy, and bickered with Nassau Segan, who wanted to rush in and attack. Jones wanted to use a V shape with his fleet, placing it at the mouth of the Bug river to funnel the Turkish navy down the river into a killing field created by deadly cross-fire, but the wind was against him. Still, he had his fleet create this formation by throwing their anchors out and dragging themselves into place. The strategy worked, and the larger Turkish navy was defeated. During the battle, Nassau Segan's flagship fled the battle to a safe position. But when the battle was won, and the enemy flagship was trapped, grounded on a sandbar, Jones ordered his crew to approach and capture the flagship. Instead, his Russian captain pulled up short, anchored himself, and let Nassau Segan claim the prize. Despite it being Jones's successes and strategies, during this time, Potemkin's letters to Empress Catherine gave credit to Nassau Segan to prevent Jones from gathering power at court. When Jones confronted Potemkin and told him that he (Potemkin) was being manipulated by Nassau Segan, Potemkin responded "No one manipulates me, not even the Empress!"

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virginity and believed her to be older than was being claimed; he wrote "I love women, I confess, and the pleasures that one only obtains from that sex; but to get such things by force is horrible to me." However, Jones would later claim the accusation was entirely false, stemming from the supposed desire of Katerina's mother, Sophia Fyodorovna, to gain financially from a prominent man. He also produced Katerina's father, Stephan Holtszwarthen, to testify in court that his daughter was 12 rather than 10 years old and that his wife had left him for another man, lived in a brothel, and was herself promiscuous. Jones involved the

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a midwife both examined her and found evidence to substantiate these physical and sexual assaults. Jones' manservant, Johann Gottfried Bahl, testified that Jones had been wearing his dress uniform when Stepanova entered Jones' chamber. He reported that on looking through a keyhole he saw Jones was in a gown, not his uniform. Bahl also stated he "...later saw the girl leaving, her lips covered in blood and face swollen from weeping. He further told the police that he entered his master’s chamber to make the bed that night and discovered drops of blood on the floor."

1021: 1004:, and to the butler for filling a sack half with coal and topping it up with the family silver, in order to fob off the Americans. Jones claimed that he intended to return directly to his ship and continue seeking prizes elsewhere, but his crew wished to "pillage, burn, and plunder all they could". Ultimately, Jones allowed the crew to seize a silver plate set adorned with the family's emblem to placate their desires, but nothing else. Jones bought the plate when it was later sold off in France, and he returned it to the Earl of Selkirk after the war. 1741: 793: 1072:

the mission's glory, especially by detaining Simpson on board while he celebrated the capture with numerous important European dignitaries. Even with the wealth of perspectives, including the commander's, it is difficult to determine what occurred. It is clear, however, that the crew felt alienated by their commander, who might well have been motivated by his pride. Jones believed his intentions were honorable and his actions were strategically essential to the Revolution. Regardless of any controversy surrounding the mission,

913:, the town where his maritime career had begun. Jones later wrote about the poor command qualities of his senior officers (having tactfully avoided such matters in his official report): "'Their object', they said, 'was gain not honor'. They were poor: instead of encouraging the morale of the crew, they excited them to disobedience; they persuaded them that they had the right to judge whether a measure that was proposed to them was good or bad". Contrary winds forced them to abandon the attempt and drive 308: 194: 1420: 1154: 1686:(1959)—concluded "In sum, Jones was a sailor of indomitable courage, of strong will, and of great ability in his chosen career. On the other side of the coin, it must be admitted that he was also a hypocrite, a brawler, a rake, and a professional and social climber. Although these elements of his character do not detract from his feats at sea, they do, perhaps, cast in doubt his eligibility for a prominent place in the ranks of America's immortals." 55: 3537: 1610: 451: 1134: 162: 1918: 1732:. Meanwhile, his personal papers had been transferred among several people and finally were displayed in the shop window of a New York bakery, where in 1824 a customer noticed them and purchased them. A New York newspaper described the papers as documents belonging to "Franklin, Hancock, La Fayette and John Adams," failing to mention Jones himself. 1718:. A small procession of servants, friends and loyal family walked his body four miles (6.4 km) for burial. He was buried in Paris at the Saint Louis Cemetery, which belonged to the French royal family. In their obituaries, the American press had partially forgotten his achievements and some described him as a French war hero. 554:. With the crew encouraging and voting him to, Paul managed to navigate the ship back to a safe port, and in reward for this feat the vessel's grateful Scottish owners made him master of the ship and its crew, giving him ten percent of the cargo. He led two voyages to the West Indies before running into difficulty. 1594:

Jones' appeal to Potemkin "...fell on deaf ears, leaving Jones without Russian support against the judgment of the Russian sovereign." However, the international pressure applied by American and French connections via the Comte de Ségur persuaded Catherine to grant Jones two years' leave abroad, a de

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Stepanova testified to the police that she had been summoned to Jones' apartment to sell him butter, when she was punched in the face by "a man wearing a white uniform, gold braids and a red ribbon," who then gagged her with a white handkerchief and vaginally penetrated her. A regimental surgeon and

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Jones faced a considerable and larger Turkish fleet that consisted of over 100 vessels including 18 ships of the line and 40 frigates. Jones ships were poorly built, manned by impressed serfs, and were not fully armed. Additionally, he had to communicate with his fleet through a translator. He wanted

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Jones led the assault with two boats of fifteen men just after midnight on April 23, hoping to set fire to and sink all of the ships anchored in Whitehaven's harbor, which numbered between 200 and 400 wooden vessels and consisted of a full merchant fleet and many coal transporters. They also hoped to

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Despite his successes at sea, Jones' disagreements with those in authority reached a new level upon arrival in Boston on December 16, 1776. While at the port, he began feuding with Commodore Hopkins, as Jones believed that Hopkins was hindering his advancement by talking down his campaign plans. As a

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He felt compelled to flee. There is an 18-month gap in Jones's history, and some biographers explore the possibility that in order to escape Tobago, he may have become a pirate. Rumors of piracy followed him, but may have been created by his detractors. But he eventually reappeared in Fredericksburg,

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The rape had been reported slightly over a day after it was said to have occurred, which meant the case would ordinarily not have continued due to Russian statutory codes considering any such delay evidence of consent, but Catherine intervened directly to allow the legal proceedings to continue (she

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for about 18 months. This came to an end, however, when he killed a mutinous crew member with a sword in a dispute over wages. Years later, in a letter to Benjamin Franklin describing the incident, John Paul claimed that the killing was committed in self-defense, but he was not willing to wait to be

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During his second voyage in 1770, John Paul had one of his crew flogged after trying to start a mutiny about early payment of wages, leading to accusations that his discipline was "unnecessarily cruel". These claims were initially dismissed, but his favorable reputation was destroyed when the sailor

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as part of the launch of the series of Maritime Festival. Richardson's of Whitehaven, a wine and coffee merchant in the town, is now the honorary consulate to the U.S. Navy for the Town and Port of Whitehaven. The consul is Rear Admiral (retired) U.S. Navy Steve Morgan, and the deputy consul is Rob

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in 1787 resolved that a medal of gold be struck in commemoration of his "valor and brilliant services" it was to be presented to "Chevalier John Paul Jones". He also received from Louis XVI a decoration of "l'Institution du Mérite Militaire" and a sword. By contrast, in Britain at this time, he was

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Partly through the influence of John Adams, who was still serving as a commissioner in France, Simpson was released from Jones's accusation. Adams implies in his memoirs that the overwhelming majority of the evidence supported Simpson's claims. Adams seemed to believe Jones was hoping to monopolize

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away from American hands by exerting pressure to ensure its sale to France instead (which had not yet allied with America). Jones was again left without a command, an unpleasant reminder of his stagnation in Boston from late 1776 until early 1777. It is thought that during this time Jones developed

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As a foreigner among the Russian court, Jones threatened the existing power structures. He had successfully defeated the Turkish Navy, and was no longer as important to the war. His immediate superior, Prince Potemkin, was known for his deviousness and court intrigue, and as a man who allowed only

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in the hope that the flames would spread to adjacent vessels, all grounded by the low tide. However, in the twilight, one of the crew slipped away and alerted residents on a harbourside street. A fire alert was sounded, and large numbers of people came running to the quay, forcing the Americans to

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but later released on bail. The negative effect of this episode on his reputation is indisputable. The local governor encouraged John Paul to leave the area and change his name while on bail. The man who died of his injuries was not a usual sailor but an adventurer from a very influential Scottish

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Jones hired a lawyer, who soon quit the case, speculatively by order of Catherine via the Governor-General of St. Petersburg. Jones claimed in a statement to prosecutors that he had "often" paid Stepanova for sex previously, but denied that he had raped her. Jones stated he had not taken her

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s surgeon, Jones's first intention was to attack the vessel in broad daylight, but his sailors were "unwilling to undertake it", another incident omitted from the official report. Therefore, the attack took place just after midnight, but the mate responsible for dropping the anchor to halt

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for the claimed purpose of transfer to a command in the North Sea. Other factors may have included the theoretical resentment of rival officers, some of whom were several ex-British naval officers also in Russian employment, who regarded Jones as a renegade and refused to speak to him.

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together (his famous, albeit apocryphal, quotation, "I have not yet begun to fight!" was said to have been uttered in reply to a demand to surrender in this phase of the battle). After about an hour, he succeeded, and he began clearing the British decks with his deck guns and his

1328:. Jones later remembered saying something like "I am determined to make you strike", but the words allegedly heard by crew-members and reported in newspapers a few days later were more like: "I may sink, but I'll be damned if I strike". An attempt by the British to board 743:, Jones performed various services for the Continental Navy and Congress. These services included the transport of troops, the movement of supplies, and the escort of convoys. During this time, Jones was able to assist a 'brig from Hispaniola' that was being chased by 631:

Sources struggle with this period of Jones's life, especially the specifics of his family situation, making it difficult to pinpoint historically Jones's motivations for emigrating to America. It is not known whether his plans were not developing as expected for the

1452:. As a result, he was given assignment in Europe in 1783 to collect prize money due his former hands. At length, this too expired and Jones was left without prospects for active employment, leading him on April 23, 1787, to enter into the service of the Empress 1624:

In May 1790, Jones arrived in Paris. He still retained his position as Russian Rear Admiral, with a corresponding pension which allowed him to remain in retirement until his death two years later, but he was no longer able to find a foothold in Paris society.

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for the release of American captives. Before Jones was able to fulfill his appointment, he was found dead lying face-down on his bed in his third-floor Paris apartment, No. 19 Rue de Tournon, on July 18, 1792. He was 45 years old. The cause of death was

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Virginia, leaving his fortune behind; he also sought to arrange the affairs of his brother, who had died there without leaving any immediate family. He was granted land in Frederick County, Virginia. About this time, John Paul assumed the surname of

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wrote of him, "Poor Paul! Hunger and dispiritment track thy sinking footsteps". During this time he made several attempts to re-enter the service in the Russian Navy. However, Catherine did not respond to his letters, explaining to their go-between

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that Jones' service record was not exceptional, and that as a result of the rape suit against Jones Russian seamen refused to serve under him. Catherine also used her influence to block attempts by Jones to join the Danish and Swedish navies.

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Jones's next command came as a result of Commodore Hopkins's orders to liberate hundreds of American prisoners forced to labour in coal mines in Nova Scotia, and also to raid British shipping. On November 1, 1776, Jones set sail in command of

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The Empress' actions here proved her priorities. She dismissed a tried naval commander, especially sought out by her agents abroad, during wartime, showing that she merited the allegations against Jones higher than his potential martial

735:. Congress had recently ordered the construction of thirteen frigates for the American Navy, one of which was to be commanded by Jones. In exchange for this prestigious command, Jones accepted his commission aboard the smaller 1216:

separated because of a disagreement between her captain and Jones. Several Royal Navy warships were sent towards Ireland in pursuit of Jones, but on this occasion, he continued right around the north of Scotland into the

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Jones's grave was either unmarked, or the marker was stolen at an unknown point. By the time Americans began searching for his coffin in 1899, the record of his burial plot had also been lost, burned by the

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The attacks on St Mary's Isle and Whitehaven resulted in no prizes or profits which would be shared with the crew under normal circumstances. Throughout the mission, the crew acted as if they were aboard a

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After making the necessary preparations, Jones sailed for France on November 1, 1777, with orders to assist the American cause however possible. The American commissioners in France were Benjamin Franklin,

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on the quayside, but the temptation to stop for a quick drink led to a further delay. Dawn was breaking by the time they returned and began the arson attacks, so efforts were concentrated on the coal ship

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Jones was given an honorary pardon in 1999 by the port of Whitehaven for his raid on the town, in the presence of Lieutenant Steve Lyons representing the U.S. Naval Attaché to the UK, and Yuri Fokine the

1803:. On approaching the American coastline, seven U.S. Navy battleships joined the procession escorting Jones's body back to America. On April 24, 1906, Jones's coffin was installed in Bancroft Hall at the 959:

the town's big defensive guns to prevent them being fired, but lighting fires proved difficult, as the lanterns in both boats had run out of fuel. To remedy this, some of the party were sent to raid a

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who gave a speech paying tribute to Jones and holding him up as an example to the officers of the Navy. On January 26, 1913, the captain's remains were finally re-interred in a bronze and marble

1040:. Late in the afternoon of April 24, the ships, roughly equal in firepower, engaged in combat. Earlier in the day, the Americans had captured the crew of a reconnaissance boat and learned that 1530:

sycophants to serve under him, and chafed at Jones' pride and inexpert courtly intrigue. After Jones' Victory, Potemkin began to assign him impossible missions, designed to force him to fail.

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were being formally established, and suitable ship's officers and captains were in great demand. Jones's potential would likely have gone unrecognized were it not for the endorsement of

858:'s flagship. Jones wrote of the event: "I accepted his offer all the more for after all it was a recognition of our independence and in the nation". On April 10, Jones set sail from 5311: 969:

retreat and extinguishing the flames with the town's two fire-engines. The townspeople's hopes of sinking Jones's boats with cannon fire were dashed because of the prudent spiking.

6629: 1840:. The U.S. Navy was also awarded the Freedom of the Port of Whitehaven, the only time the honour has been granted in its 400-year history. The pardon and freedom were arranged by 1119: 955:

terrorize the townspeople by lighting further fires. As it happened, the journey to shore was slowed by the shifting wind, as well as a strong ebb tide. They successfully

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wrote a sea shanty about John Paul Jones in 1960. The Longest Johns also made a song referring to him from the British perspective titled "John Paul Jones Is a Pirate".

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On March 31, 1789, Jones was accused of raping a 10-year-old Russian girl named Katerina Stepanova, a "daughter of German immigrants living in St. Petersburg."

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forces from the area, but the jealous intrigues of Nassau-Siegen (and perhaps Jones's own ineptitude for Imperial politics) turned the Russian commander Prince

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into the Royal Navy. The earl was discovered to be absent from his estate, so his wife entertained the officers and conducted negotiations. Canadian historian

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was shot away; when one of the officers shouted a surrender, believing his captain to be dead, the British commander asked, seriously this time, if they had

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misjudged the timing in the dark (Jones claimed in his memoirs that the man was drunk), so Jones had to cut his anchor cable and run. The wind shifted, and

5906: 4586: 3481: 6654: 5699: 1837: 591:(in addition to his original surname). There is a long-held tradition in the state of North Carolina that John Paul adopted the name "Jones" in honor of 3552: 1552:, a veteran of the American Revolutionary War. Kościuszko advised him to leave the service of the autocratic Russia and serve another power, suggesting 6373: 5316: 5306: 2845:Сидір Білий і Чорний Корсар. Як козаки із засновником ВМФ США воювали (Sydir Bilyi and the Black Corsair. How Cossacks with the founder of USN battled) 1899:(1959), which includes a largely fictionalized portrayal of his private life. There is also a single 45-minute documentary about him, produced in 1995. 633: 3651: 6624: 6453: 5321: 3830: 3752: 6684: 331:. Often referred to as the "Father of the American Navy", Jones is regarded by several commentators as one of the greatest naval commanders in the 5209: 5825: 5331: 370: 532:

in 1766 (age 19). Once John Paul matured, he grew dissatisfied in slavery, and in 1768, he abandoned his prestigious position on the profitable

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s crew transferred to other vessels, and after a day and a half of frantic repair efforts, it was decided that the ship could not be saved.

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facto exile, rather than the usual punishment for rape by an officer of decapitation or a lifetime of penal labor; according to Jacob Bell:

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on the Continental Navy's maiden cruise. It was aboard this vessel that Jones took the honour of hoisting the first U.S. ensign, the

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s victory became an important symbol of the American spirit and served as an inspiration for the permanent establishment of the

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chased another prize, leading to a conflict between Simpson and Jones. Both ships arrived at port safely, but Jones filed for a

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Life and character of the Chevalier John Paul Jones, a captain in the navy of the United States, during their revolutionary war

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Jones left for Philadelphia shortly after settling in North America to volunteer his services around 1775 to the newly founded

615: 435: 2491: 1863:, published in 1823, featuring John Paul Jones as its main character. This novel was later reinterpreted by the French writer 1221:. Jones's main problems, as on his previous voyage, resulted from insubordination, particularly by Pierre Landais, captain of 6397: 5689: 4944: 4637: 3368: 2711: 332: 2728: 1176:

approached England, he provided a diversion by heading for Ireland at the head of a five-ship squadron including the 36-gun

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to carry out this mission. Winter conditions prevented freeing the prisoners, but the mission did result in the capture of

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John Paul Jones's Locker: The Mutinous Men of the Continental Ship Ranger and the Confinement of Lieutenant Thomas Simpson

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A 1908 plaster casting of John Paul Jones taken from an original model in 1781 by Jean-Antoine Houdon, now housed at the

1244: 1169: 1001: 985: 387:, attacking British merchant shipping and other civilian targets. As part of the campaign, he raided the English town of 6649: 6523: 5911: 5886: 5820: 5745: 5669: 5000: 4662: 4647: 3902: 3869: 3848: 3282: 2903: 2565: 2339: 2209: 1671: 1545: 3463: 6575: 6319: 5470: 3814: 3788: 3742: 3681: 3575: 3449: 3111: 2431: 1414: 607:, and made a valuable friendship with Dr. John K. Read during his time in Virginia. In the summer of 1775, Jones met 268: 6226: 3737:. US Naval Institute Press Bluejacket Books. Raisz, Erwin, charts and diagrams. Boston, MA: Little, Brown & Co. 2831:, 1783–1938: With the Institution, Rules of Admission, and Lists of the Officers of the General and State Societies. 1588: 988:, who lived on St Mary's Isle near Kirkcudbright. The earl, Jones reasoned, could be exchanged for American sailors 846:

with America, formally recognizing the independence of the new American republic. Eight days later, Captain Jones's

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The Pictorial Book of The Commodores; Comprising Lives of Distinguished Commanders In The Navy of The United States

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From that period, America became "the country of his fond election", as he afterwards expressed himself to Baron

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with Captain Hoysted Hacker commanding. During a later six-week voyage to Nova Scotia, Jones captured sixteen

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The Life and Character of John Paul Jones: A Captain in the United States Navy. During the Revolutionary War

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died a few weeks later. John Paul was arrested for his involvement in the man's death. He was imprisoned in

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Jones avowed his intention, however, to preserve the condition of an American citizen and officer. As a

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result of this and other frustrations, Jones was assigned the smaller command of the newly constructed

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and laden with military stores. The brig was then purchased by Congress and put in commission as

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Cotten, Elizabeth. The John Paul Jones-Willie Jones Tradition Charlotte: Heritage Printers, 1966

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returned to the main battle, firing two broadsides. Again, these did at least as much damage to

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placed themselves between the convoy and Jones's squadron, allowing the merchants to escape.

825: 729: 400: 323:; July 6, 1747 – July 18, 1792) was a Scottish-born American naval officer who served in the 199: 2663: 1559: 1549: 1083:

was one of the Continental Navy's few significant military victories during the Revolution.

550:, which sailed from port in 1768, when both the captain and a ranking mate suddenly died of 399:, gaining him an international reputation. Left without a command in 1787, Jones joined the 6609: 6604: 6378: 6329: 5430: 5425: 5415: 5161: 4913: 4908: 4657: 4488: 4398: 4378: 4323: 4213: 3730: 3710: 3608: 1824: 1788: 1679: 1394: 1188: 1056:

in which British captain George Burdon was killed. Lieutenant Simpson was given command of

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The fleet had been expected to cruise along the coast but was ordered instead by Commodore

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John Paul's career was quickly and unexpectedly advanced during his next voyage aboard the

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The Admiral and the Ambassador: One Man's Obsessive Search for the Body of John Paul Jones

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The Life of Paul Jones: From Original Documents in the Possession of John Henry Sherburne

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The navy of the American Revolution: its administration, its policy and its achievements

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or if he was inspired by a revolutionary spirit. It is known that he was elected to the

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accepted that prolonging the battle could achieve nothing, so he surrendered. Most of

540:. He found his own passage back to Scotland and eventually obtained another position. 6159: 6119: 5943: 5651: 5525: 5500: 5460: 5445: 5395: 5326: 5296: 5153: 5112: 4493: 4448: 4283: 4273: 4218: 4203: 4168: 4053: 3898: 3880: 3865: 3844: 3810: 3784: 3777: 3738: 3677: 3628: 3585: 3571: 3364: 3278: 3107: 2899: 2849: 2707: 2561: 2461: 2427: 2335: 1939: 1728: 1675: 1332:

was thwarted, and a grenade caused the explosion of a large quantity of gunpowder on

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Quote: "Tom Paine, Patrick Henry, James Otis, and John Paul Jones were all Masons."

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under Captain Benson. Paul's older brother William Paul had married and settled in

420: 324: 246: 187: 3335: 1740: 1393:". Jones accepted the honor and desired the title to be used thereafter: when the 1060:

for the return journey to Brest. The ships separated during the return journey as

920:

On April 20, Jones learned from captured sailors that the Royal Navy sloop of war

792: 6518: 6063: 5968: 5958: 5355: 5276: 5204: 5149: 5060: 5029: 4985: 4918: 4877: 4837: 4826: 4796: 4553: 4548: 4533: 4468: 4418: 4403: 4313: 4128: 4113: 4078: 3436: 2607:(1st ed.). Washington, D.C.: Naval History and Heritage Command. p. 23. 2487: 1864: 1643: 997: 993: 588: 580: 474:

on the southwest coast of Scotland. His parents married on November 29, 1733, in

6114: 6008: 5010: 4842: 4831: 4776: 4751: 4543: 4538: 4498: 4463: 4408: 4363: 4278: 4198: 4193: 4123: 4108: 3941: 3320: 1931: 1626: 1511: 1492: 1457: 1173: 1168:, a merchant ship rebuilt and given to America by the French shipping magnate, 714: 695: 167: 4000: 3343: 3236:""Я Тоже:" The Rape of Katerina Stepanova and John Paul Jones' Russian Legacy" 3207:""Я Тоже:" The Rape of Katerina Stepanova and John Paul Jones' Russian Legacy" 3155:""Я Тоже:" The Rape of Katerina Stepanova and John Paul Jones' Russian Legacy" 3129:""Я Тоже:" The Rape of Katerina Stepanova and John Paul Jones' Russian Legacy" 3079:""Я Тоже:" The Rape of Katerina Stepanova and John Paul Jones' Russian Legacy" 3035:""Я Тоже:" The Rape of Katerina Stepanova and John Paul Jones' Russian Legacy" 3006:""Я Тоже:" The Rape of Katerina Stepanova and John Paul Jones' Russian Legacy" 2975:""Я Тоже:" The Rape of Katerina Stepanova and John Paul Jones' Russian Legacy" 2931:""Я Тоже:" The Rape of Katerina Stepanova and John Paul Jones' Russian Legacy" 1012:, not a warship, led by Lieutenant Thomas Simpson, Jones's second-in-command. 6598: 6412: 6179: 6164: 6154: 6134: 6083: 6053: 6048: 5983: 5810: 5664: 5070: 4928: 4726: 4564: 4388: 4348: 4338: 4308: 4303: 4248: 4208: 4178: 4063: 3956: 3561:. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 499–500. 3548: 3543: 3298: 2634: 2465: 1902: 1777: 1776:

In 1905, Jones' remains were identified by U.S. Ambassador to France General

1723: 1690: 1638:

By this time, his memoirs had been published in Edinburgh. Inspired by them,

1564: 1553: 1321: 1309:

approached this contest, about an hour after it had begun, the badly damaged

1225:. On September 23, the squadron met a large merchant convoy off the coast of 1127: 1065: 1044:

had taken on dozens of soldiers with the intention of grappling and boarding

1037: 928: 859: 829: 778: 604: 571: 509: 153: 3991: 2494:[The Revolutionary Diplomatic Correspondence of the United States]. 307: 6407: 6124: 6104: 6078: 5998: 5805: 5750: 5735: 5581: 5566: 5561: 5090: 5020: 4821: 4806: 4700: 4668: 4528: 4513: 4483: 4453: 4413: 4393: 4373: 4368: 4243: 4163: 4143: 4098: 4083: 2444:

Balderston, Marion (1969). "The Flag John Paul Jones Really Fought Under".

1887: 1652:

contains fictionalized accounts of Jones's maritime activities, and Dumas'

1583:

was known to intercede in "cases where women faced insurmountable odds.").

1484: 1468: 1138: 981: 909:. He persuaded his crew on April 17, 1778, to participate in an assault on 797: 777:, a vessel carrying a vital supply of winter clothing intended for General 726: 710: 641: 608: 551: 416: 404: 222: 3600:

Guide to the microfilm edition of the papers of John Paul Jones, 1747–1792

343:, Jones became a sailor at the age of thirteen, and served in the British 6174: 6129: 6033: 5953: 5840: 5240: 5235: 4518: 4423: 4343: 4103: 4058: 3383:

Clark, William Bell, et al. "A Forgotten Investment of John Paul Jones."

3180: 2704:

The Empire of the Bay: The Company of Adventurers that Seized a Continent

1816: 1762: 1419: 1142: 989: 821: 758: 751: 722: 412: 3570:(technical study of the ship), Collection archeologie navale française, 3392: 3275:

What Remains: Searching for the Memory and Lost Grave of John Paul Jones

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A 1903 illustration of John Paul Jones seizing Lady Selkirk's silverware

905:

Jones had some early successes against British merchant shipping in the

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keeping well out of the line of his own great guns, Captain Pearson of

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recrossed the Irish Sea to make another attempt at raiding Whitehaven.

917:

towards Ireland, causing more trouble for British shipping on the way.

910: 898: 878: 675: 663:, who knew of his abilities. With help from influential members of the 566:

Leaving Scotland, John Paul commanded a London-registered vessel named

529: 521: 513: 486: 482: 388: 374: 348: 3801:. Adriance, Sherman & Co. Publishing. New York, pp. 10, 1851. 501:. Virginia was the destination of many of the younger Paul's voyages. 54: 6211: 4970: 4816: 4328: 3961: 2362:

Morison, Samuel Eliot. "The Willie Jones-John Paul Jones Tradition."

2051: 2031: 2011: 1991: 1480: 1428: 1386: 1218: 1009: 906: 481:

John Paul started his maritime career when he was 13, sailing out of

475: 463: 440: 384: 336: 97: 3592:(10 microfilm reels), Cambridge, UK; Alexandria, VA: Chadwyck-Healey 2457: 1609: 1289:

sailed past and fired a broadside, doing at least as much damage to

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downwind of the main battle, beginning a separate engagement. When

1145:

records to help Jones avoid charges of piracy when he captured the

996:

gives credit to the governess for protecting the young heir to the

467: 444: 3986: 3542:

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the

3321:"Paul Jones, or, The son of the sea [electronic resource]" 2367: 2092: 4847: 2138:

Congressional Record. Proceedings and Debates of the ... Congress

1971: 1710: 1488: 1112: 882: 672: 415:, Jones made many friends among U.S. political elites, including 3957:

Excerpts form the Journals of my Campaign – John Paul Jones

1456:, who placed great confidence in Jones, saying: "He will get to 1157:"Paul Jones the Pirate", a British caricature of John Paul Jones 897:

receives a copy of the local newspaper from April 1778 from the

2384:. New York: Adriance, Sherman & Co. Publishers. p. 10. 1811:, following a ceremony in Dahlgren Hall, presided by President 1541: 1390: 1133: 725:

on their return voyage. Jones was then assigned command of the

575: 351:. After killing a mutinous subordinate, he fled to the British 4035: 3357:

Garraty, John A. (John Arthur); Sternstein, Jerome L. (1974).

2522:

Goldsborough, Charles W. (Charles Washington) (May 21, 1824).

1405:

in the state of Pennsylvania when it was established in 1783.

2223:"1770 Extract of Warrant for the arrest of John Paul (Jones)" 1442:, but his command fell through when Congress decided to give 1379: 1209: 1032:

back across the Irish Sea, hoping to make another attempt at

839:

his close friendship with Franklin, whom he greatly admired.

408: 117: 3840:

John Paul Jones of Naval Fame: a Character of the Revolution

1646:

later wrote their own adventure novels: Cooper's 1824 novel

1460:". He was granted name as a French subject Павел де Жонес ( 544: 462:

John Paul, as he was then known, was born on the estate of

3807:

John Paul Jones: Sailor, Hero, Father of the American Navy

3064:

John Paul Jones, Sailor, Hero, Father of the American Navy

2960:

John Paul Jones, Sailor, Hero, Father of the American Navy

2879:

John Paul Jones, Sailor, Hero, Father of the American Navy

2864:

John Paul Jones, Sailor, Hero, Father of the American Navy

2557:

John Paul Jones: Sailor, Hero, Father of the American Navy

2331:

John Paul Jones: Sailor, Hero, Father of the American Navy

4996:

Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms

3676:(technical study), Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 2833:

Strasburg, VA: Shenandoah Publishing House, Inc., p. 181.

2512:

Naval Documents of the American Revolution, vol 6, p. 210

2293:

Paul, John. Land Grant 7 August 1760. N.p., 1760. Print.

2054:

in active service in the U.S. Navy. Commissioned in 1993.

1787:

Jones's body was brought to the United States aboard the

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by the French, with a nine-gun salute fired from Captain

2034:

of the U.S. Navy. Commissioned 1956; decommissioned 1982

1435:

In June 1782, Jones was appointed to command the 74-gun

574:

mounting 22 guns, engaging in commercial speculation in

6630:

United States Navy personnel of the American Revolution

2730:

Paul Jones: His Exploits in English Seas during 1778–80

2526:. Printed by James Wilson – via Internet Archive. 984:

from Whitehaven to Scotland, hoping to hold for ransom

439:

The birthplace and original home of John Paul Jones in

4607: 3809:(popular biography), Waterville, ME: Thorndike Press, 3656:, Washington, D.C.: Naval History and Heritage Command 1537:, but he left the following month, an embittered man. 850:

became the first American naval vessel to be formally

2096:

Proceedings of the Delaware County Historical Society

1401:

Jones was also admitted as an original member of The

3344:"Narrative of the Campaign of the Liman (Audiobook)" 2827:

Original Members and Other Officers Eligible to the

1957:, residence in New Hampshire during construction of 1913: 1048:, so Jones made sure that did not happen, capturing 2134: 3776: 3385:The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 3178: 2953: 2951: 2756:, Massachusetts Historical Society, archived from 1830: 1795:, escorted by three other cruisers, one being the 1161:In 1779, Captain Jones took command of the 42-gun 885:, by Matthias Read completed between 1730 and 1735 3897:. New York City, NY: Adriance, Sherman & Co. 3831:Bibliography of early United States naval history 3769:. Iowa: The Burrows Brothers/Republican Printing. 3356: 2753:autobiography part 2, 'Travels, and Negotiations' 2284:Johnson, Gerald W. The First Captain, 1947 pp. 49 2141:. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. A4791. 611:and other revolutionary leaders in Philadelphia. 6670:Military personnel from Fredericksburg, Virginia 6596: 3363:. Internet Archive. New York, Harper & Row. 2786:, John Paul Jones Cottage Museum, archived from 1382:in neutral (but American-sympathizing) Holland. 27:Scottish-born American naval officer (1747–1792) 3992:Jones's attack upon Whitehaven, as reported in 3341: 2948: 2496:Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774–1789 1563:John Paul Jones depicted in a 1906 portrait by 1374:was allowed to sink, and Jones took command of 1208:. When the squadron was only a few days out of 1124:Action Between the Serapis and Bonhomme Richard 1024:A 1781 illustration of Jones by Moreau le Jeune 362:joined the newly established Continental Navy. 144: 6444:Intelligence in the American Revolutionary War 4594: 3277:. University of Massachusetts Press, Amherst. 2437: 2014:, commissioned in 1921, decommissioned in 1945 1994:, commissioned in 1902, decommissioned in 1919 1974:, commissioned in 1862, decommissioned in 1867 1882:wrote a screenplay about Jones and sent it to 1068:of Simpson, keeping him detained on the ship. 681:in the Continental Navy on December 7, 1775. 504:For several years, Paul served in the British 6720:Members of the American Philosophical Society 6675:Military personnel from Dumfries and Galloway 4580: 4021: 2592:(1964 ed.). New York: Time. p. 101. 1446:to the French as replacement for the wrecked 865: 458:, which he inherited from his brother William 3861:John Paul Jones: America's First Sea Warrior 3450:"The Final Resting Place of John Paul Jones" 3104:Odessa: Genius and Death in a City of Dreams 2543:(1964 ed.). New York: Time. p. 78. 2524:"The United States' Naval Chronicle. Vol. 1" 2521: 2366:, vol. 16, no. 2, 1959, pp. 198–206. JSTOR, 1893:There is a single Hollywood film about him, 1689:Jones was an investor in western lands with 1475:, he took part in the naval campaign in the 812:on June 14, 1777, the same day that the new 684: 5557:Washington's crossing of the Delaware River 2093:Delaware County Historical Society (1902). 1351:, but the tactic worked to the extent that 862:, for the western coasts of Great Britain. 6655:Hall of Fame for Great Americans inductees 6434:African Americans in the Revolutionary War 4688:Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness 4587: 4573: 4028: 4014: 3625:The John Paul Jones–Willie Jones Tradition 3268: 3266: 3264: 3262: 3260: 3258: 3256: 3249:(1): 46–47 – via Past Tense Journal. 3168:(1): 42–43 – via Past Tense Journal. 3048:(1): 45–46 – via Past Tense Journal. 2898:. Chicago Review Press. pp. 102–106. 2636:Extracts from the Journals of my Campaigns 2628: 2626: 2443: 2382:The Life and Character of John Paula Jones 2205: 2203: 1735: 739:. Over the summer of 1776 as commander of 430: 383:, Jones conducted a naval campaign in the 53: 3878: 3799:The Life and Character of John Paul Jones 3690: 3671: 3619:, 482 pp; original from Univ. California. 3508:"Recipe for Success, by Jane West Walton" 2881:. Simon & Schuster. pp. 294–296. 2866:. Simon & Schuster. pp. 279–289. 2810: 2379: 6625:18th-century Scottish military personnel 3639: 3597: 3584: 3568:John Paul Jones and the Bonhomme Richard 3565: 3547: 3464:"VIP guests remember infamous dawn raid" 2891: 1756: 1739: 1608: 1558: 1418: 1389:of France honored Jones with the title " 1152: 1132: 1118: 1103: 1019: 971: 901:Harbour Commission chairman in June 2005 888: 872: 791: 761:and inflicted significant damage in the 717:for military supplies. The fleet had an 449: 434: 6685:Scottish emigrants to the United States 3843:, Chicago, IL: M.A. Donohue & Co., 3774: 3729: 3721:Jones, John Paul " in John A. Garraty, 3642:The Life and Letters of John Paul Jones 3272: 3253: 3220:(1): 48 – via Past Tense Journal. 3142:(1): 43 – via Past Tense Journal. 3092:(1): 44 – via Past Tense Journal. 3019:(1): 42 – via Past Tense Journal. 2988:(1): 41 – via Past Tense Journal. 2944:(1): 36 – via Past Tense Journal. 2623: 2587: 2536: 2200: 1701:In June 1792, Jones was appointed U.S. 1533:On June 8, 1788, Jones was awarded the 1510:Jones (and Nassau-Siegen) repulsed the 1320:burning and sinking, it seems that her 842:On February 6, 1778, France signed the 14: 6597: 6439:Dogs in the American Revolutionary War 3982:John Paul Jones and Asymmetric Warfare 3804: 3779:Who was Who in the American Revolution 3622: 3086:Past Tense: Graduate Review of History 3061: 3042:Past Tense: Graduate Review of History 3013:Past Tense: Graduate Review of History 2982:Past Tense: Graduate Review of History 2957: 2938:Past Tense: Graduate Review of History 2876: 2861: 2701: 2553: 2327: 2309: 1665:Narrative of the Campaign of the Liman 1570: 1268:fired from a considerable distance at 1198:, also accompanied by two privateers, 616:Joan Derk van der Capellen tot den Pol 6351: 6276: 6204: 5775: 5111: 4945:Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania 4606: 4568: 4009: 3857: 3836: 3735:John Paul Jones: A Sailor's Biography 3661: 3439:U.S. Naval Academy Alumni Association 3243:Past Tense Graduate Review of History 3229: 3227: 3214:Past Tense Graduate Review of History 3179:Jaroslav Poleschuk (April 16, 2014). 3162:Past Tense Graduate Review of History 3136:Past Tense Graduate Review of History 3122: 3120: 3057: 3055: 3028: 3026: 2999: 2997: 2995: 2749: 2726: 2655: 2632: 2590:John Paul Jones: A Sailor's Biography 2540:John Paul Jones: A Sailor's Biography 2424:John Paul Jones: A Sailor's Biography 2260:"Biography – Captain John Paul Jones" 1848: 1684:John Paul Jones: A Sailor's Biography 931:, Ireland. According to the diary of 333:military history of the United States 274:Naval actions at the Siege of Ochakov 6620:18th-century American naval officers 6554:Daughters of the American Revolution 6352: 4904:Declaration of Rights and Grievances 3783:, New York City, NY: Facts on File, 3649: 3387:, vol. 77, no. 2, 1953, pp. 156–63. 3233: 3204: 3152: 3126: 3076: 3066:. Simon & Schuster. p. 298. 3032: 3003: 2972: 2962:. Simon & Schuster. p. 297. 2928: 2780:Log of the 'Bon Homme Richard', 1779 2602: 1015: 784: 626: 6680:Recipients of the Order of St. Anna 6645:Congressional Gold Medal recipients 6549:Children of the American Revolution 6429:Timeline of the American Revolution 3106:(W. W. Norton & Company, 2011; 2486: 1097: 986:Dunbar Douglas, 4th Earl of Selkirk 24: 6705:18th-century British slave traders 5210:European allies of King George III 5066:British credit crisis of 1772–1773 5001:Committee of Secret Correspondence 4663:No taxation without representation 3824: 3723:Encyclopedia of American Biography 3640:de Koven, Reginald (Mrs.) (1913), 3360:Encyclopedia of American biography 3299:"James Fenimore Cooper: Sea Tales" 3224: 3117: 3052: 3023: 2992: 2262:. History.navy.mil. Archived from 2072:"John Adams I (Frigate) 1799–1867" 1672:Encyclopedia of American Biography 1408: 485:in the northern English county of 25: 6731: 6576:Museum of the American Revolution 4001:The American Revolution Institute 3913: 3617:. New York: D. Appleton & Co. 3602:, Alexandria, VA: Chadwyck-Healey 2229:, Scottish Archive Network (SCAN) 1951:, birthplace of Jones in Scotland 1663:During this period, he wrote his 1174:French and Spanish invasion fleet 655:. During this time, the Navy and 6464:Continental Currency dollar coin 6449:Women in the American Revolution 4037:Hall of Fame for Great Americans 3977:The Best Quote Jones Never Wrote 3627:, Charlotte: Heritage Printers, 3535: 1916: 1398:usually denigrated as a pirate. 1111:reviews Jones' Irish Marines at 689: 369:, Jones participated in several 306: 192: 181: 160: 146: 63:1890, based on a work of c. 1781 36:John Paul Jones (disambiguation) 6615:18th-century American diplomats 6559:Sons of the American Revolution 3666:, New York: Nafis & Cornish 3528: 3500: 3474: 3456: 3442: 3423: 3410: 3398: 3377: 3350: 3323:. Stanford University Libraries 3313: 3291: 3198: 3172: 3146: 3096: 3070: 2966: 2922: 2885: 2870: 2855: 2836: 2819: 2804: 2771: 2743: 2720: 2695: 2677: 2649: 2611: 2596: 2581: 2547: 2530: 2515: 2506: 2480: 2413: 2388: 2373: 2368:https://doi.org/10.2307/1916823 2356: 2321: 2300: 2287: 2278: 2252: 2240: 1831:Posthumous pardon at Whitehaven 713:to sail for The Bahamas, where 621: 355:to avoid being arrested and in 6660:Imperial Russian Navy admirals 6459:Continental currency banknotes 5547:Staten Island Peace Conference 3891:——— (1851). 3890: 3879:Sherburne, John Henry (1825). 3837:Brown, Charles Walter (1902), 3691:Goodheart, Adam (April 2006), 3598:——— (1986), 2811:Sherburne, John Henry (1825). 2588:Morison, Samuel Eliot (1959). 2537:Morison, Samuel Eliot (1959). 2364:The William and Mary Quarterly 2215: 2170: 2158: 2146: 2128: 2103: 2086: 2064: 1949:John Paul Jones Cottage Museum 1378:for the trip to the island of 893:Captain Michael Gordon of the 671:of the newly converted 24-gun 638:American Philosophical Society 13: 1: 6277: 5253:German supporters of Congress 4951:Massachusetts Circular Letter 3623:Cotten, Elizabeth H. (1966), 3590:The papers of John Paul Jones 2685:"news report from Whitehaven" 2227:Virtual Vault – Court Records 2058: 1604: 1415:Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792) 1233:. The 44-gun British frigate 356: 60: 18:I have not yet begun to fight 4934:Committees of correspondence 3759: 3674:The Ships of John Paul Jones 3418:Dedication speech, Annapolis 2617: 2446:Huntington Library Quarterly 2164: 2152: 1860:The Pilot: A Tale of the Sea 1838:Russian Ambassador to the UK 1385:In the following year, King 881:, on the northwest coast of 601:Dorothea Spotswood Dandridge 536:while docked in the British 365:During the ensuing war with 7: 6571:Charters of Freedom Rotunda 5776: 5602:Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783 5587:Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1781 5361:Capture of Fort Ticonderoga 5016:Declaration of Independence 4981:Second Continental Congress 3940:, U.S. Navy, archived from 3925:, U.S. Navy, archived from 3775:Purcell, L. Edward (1993), 3672:Gilkerson, William (1987), 2842:Kravtsevych-Rozhnetsky, V. 2502:(August 13, 1888): 611–614. 2380:Sherburne, John H. (1851). 2295:Library of Virginia website 1909: 1890:, who politely rejected it. 1471:aboard the 24-gun flagship 800:of John Paul Jones of Jones 667:, Jones was appointed as a 80:Father of the American Navy 10: 6736: 6454:Financial costs of the war 4961:First Continental Congress 4812:Royal Proclamation of 1763 4757:Second Rockingham ministry 4596:American Revolutionary War 4319:Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 3987:Battle of Flamborough Head 3828: 3607: 3512:The Coronet, February 1947 2246: 1761:Jones's marble and bronze 1540:In 1789, Jones arrived in 1491:rivers flows, against the 1412: 1254:Battle of Flamborough Head 1172:. On August 14, as a vast 472:Stewartry of Kirkcudbright 454:John Paul Jones' house in 397:Battle of Flamborough Head 329:American Revolutionary War 262:Battle of Flamborough Head 237:American Revolutionary War 32:John Paul Jones (musician) 29: 6650:Continental Navy officers 6421: 6390: 6366: 6362: 6347: 6308:Constitutional Convention 6288:Society of the Cincinnati 6283: 6272: 6197: 6092: 5936: 5929: 5874: 5793: 5786: 5782: 5771: 5728: 5650: 5636: 5610: 5577:Carlisle Peace Commission 5539: 5411:Siege of Fort Ticonderoga 5340: 5265: 5218: 5185: 5148: 5141: 5137: 5107: 5076:Hutchinson letters affair 5043: 5026:Articles of Confederation 4886: 4873:Proclamation of Rebellion 4785: 4737:First Rockingham ministry 4714: 4681:All men are created equal 4620: 4616: 4602: 4259:Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. 4254:Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. 4044: 3864:, Naval Institute Press, 2829:Society of the Cincinnati 2702:Newman, Peter C. (2000). 2633:Jones, John Paul (1785), 2426:. Naval Institute Press, 2370:. Retrieved 11 Aug. 2023. 2135:United States. Congress. 1880:Franklin Delano Roosevelt 1857:wrote a historical novel 1403:Society of the Cincinnati 1355:was unable to move. With 1285:marksmen in the rigging. 1252:Shortly after 7 p.m. the 685:Revolutionary War command 508:, sailing aboard several 377:. Commanding the warship 302: 284: 229: 213: 205: 174: 140: 124: 107: 84: 76: 68: 52: 45: 5572:Entry of France into war 5187:Kingdom of Great Britain 4444:William Tecumseh Sherman 4134:George Washington Carver 3967:Official report by Jones 3395:. Accessed 10 Aug. 2023. 3342:John Paul Jones (1830). 3301:. The Library of America 3273:Hornick, Robert (2017). 2892:Martelle, Scott (2014). 2706:. Penguin. p. 383. 2659:Diary of Ezra Green M.D. 2605:John Paul Jones's Locker 2297:Retrieved 9 August 2023. 2210:John Paul Jones Timeline 1932:Commodore John Hazelwood 1696: 1656:is a follow-up novel to 1615:John Paul Jones Memorial 1501:Charles of Nassau-Siegen 1425:National Maritime Museum 1149:under an "unknown flag." 698:in February 1776 aboard 456:Fredericksburg, Virginia 403:and rose to the rank of 393:North Channel Naval Duel 293:Congressional Gold Medal 257:North Channel Naval Duel 6303:Ratification Day (1784) 5628:Second Anglo-Mysore War 5312:Northern after Saratoga 5292:New York and New Jersey 4966:Continental Association 4863:Conciliatory Resolution 4722:Pitt–Newcastle ministry 4695:Consent of the governed 4524:John Greenleaf Whittier 4139:William Ellery Channing 3650:Feld, Jonathan (2017), 3644:, London: Werner Laurie 3566:Boudriot, Jean (1987), 3558:Encyclopædia Britannica 3346:. New York: D. Fanshaw. 2825:Metcalf, Bryce (1938). 2603:Feld, Jonathan (2017). 1736:Exhumation and reburial 1670:In his addendum to the 1299:Countess of Scarborough 1246:Countess of Scarborough 1170:Jacques-Donatien Le Ray 980:Jones next crossed the 706:, over a naval vessel. 597:Halifax, North Carolina 431:Early life and training 289:Order of Military Merit 225:(Imperial Russian Navy) 6700:Scottish slave traders 6564:Sons of the Revolution 6293:Treaty of Paris (1783) 5623:Fourth Anglo-Dutch War 5618:Cherokee–American wars 5231:Franco-American Treaty 5086:Philadelphia Tea Party 5056:Treaty of Paris (1763) 5035:Confederation Congress 4628:American Enlightenment 4509:James McNeill Whistler 4439:Augustus Saint-Gaudens 4354:Matthew Fontaine Maury 3962:John Paul Jones Museum 3885:. London: John Murray. 3858:Callo, Joseph (2011), 3761:Paullin, Charles Oscar 2560:. Simon and Schuster. 2334:. Simon and Schuster. 2115:www.navalengineers.org 1773: 1754: 1716:interstitial nephritis 1621: 1602: 1567: 1548:, where he befriended 1521:Jones was recalled to 1495:, in concert with the 1454:Catherine II of Russia 1432: 1158: 1150: 1130: 1116: 1094:after the revolution. 1025: 977: 902: 886: 814:Stars and Stripes flag 801: 719:unsuccessful encounter 694:Jones sailed from the 603:, the future bride of 560:Kirkcudbright Tolbooth 478:, Kirkcudbrightshire. 459: 447: 252:Battle of Block Island 34:. For other uses, see 30:For the musician, see 6509:Washington's Birthday 6314:The Federalist Papers 6298:Evacuation Day (1783) 5351:Lexington and Concord 5051:French and Indian War 4991:Olive Branch Petition 4459:Harriet Beecher Stowe 4429:Franklin D. Roosevelt 4159:James Fenimore Cooper 4119:William Cullen Bryant 4094:Alexander Graham Bell 3805:Thomas, Evan (2003), 3731:Morison, Samuel Eliot 3609:Brady, Cyrus Townsend 3470:. September 20, 2006. 3407:at uswarmemorials.org 3405:John Paul Jones House 3062:Thomas, Evan (2003). 2958:Thomas, Evan (2003). 2877:Thomas, Evan (2003). 2862:Thomas, Evan (2003). 2793:on September 19, 2011 2554:Thomas, Evan (2010). 2328:Thomas, Evan (2010). 2318:, Ambistead C. Gordon 1955:John Paul Jones House 1944:Philadelphia campaign 1875:), published in 1838. 1855:James Fenimore Cooper 1760: 1743: 1660:, published in 1846. 1640:James Fenimore Cooper 1612: 1597: 1562: 1422: 1413:Further information: 1156: 1136: 1122: 1107: 1036:, still anchored off 1023: 975: 892: 876: 795: 781:'s troops in Canada. 489:as apprentice aboard 453: 438: 401:Imperial Russian Navy 206:Years of service 200:Imperial Russian Navy 6695:Scottish mercenaries 6514:Jefferson's Birthday 6504:Pulaski Memorial Day 5511:Guilford Court House 5162:Continental Congress 4939:Committees of safety 4914:Daughters of Liberty 4909:Virginia Association 4658:Rights of Englishmen 4489:Booker T. Washington 4399:Alice Freeman Palmer 4379:William T. G. Morton 4324:James Russell Lowell 3994:Lloyd's Evening Post 3944:on November 16, 2001 3697:Smithsonian Magazine 3693:"Home is the sailor" 3662:Frost, John (1845), 3614:Commodore Paul Jones 3416:Roosevelt, Theodore 3234:Bell, Jacob (2019). 3205:Bell, Jacob (2019). 3153:Bell, Jacob (2019). 3127:Bell, Jacob (2019). 3077:Bell, Jacob (2019). 3033:Bell, Jacob (2019). 3004:Bell, Jacob (2019). 2973:Bell, Jacob (2019). 2929:Bell, Jacob (2019). 2750:Adams, John (1778), 2689:Cumberland Chronicle 2666:on February 18, 2007 2656:Green, Ezra (1875), 2400:search.amphilsoc.org 2396:"APS Member History" 2188:on September 6, 2015 2182:www.history.navy.mil 1825:Naval Academy Chapel 1744:John Paul Jones and 1499:commanded by Prince 1395:Continental Congress 1139:John Paul Jones flag 1054:hour-long gun battle 665:Continental Congress 520:in 1764 (age 17) as 411:at the age of 45. A 347:, including several 130:Naval Academy Chapel 6690:Scottish Freemasons 6640:Burials in Maryland 5642:colony or location) 5597:Newburgh Conspiracy 5456:Sullivan Expedition 4976:Provincial Congress 4767:Fox–North coalition 4706:Settler colonialism 4653:Freedom of religion 4610:American Revolution 4504:George Westinghouse 4474:Henry David Thoreau 4384:John Lothrop Motley 4359:Albert A. Michelson 4239:Nathaniel Hawthorne 4189:Ralph Waldo Emerson 4174:James Buchanan Eads 3797:Sherburne, John H. 3488:on October 26, 2017 3452:. January 26, 2012. 2760:on February 6, 2011 2727:Seitz, Don (1917), 1934:, commander of the 1809:Annapolis, Maryland 1782:Jean-Antoine Houdon 1771:Annapolis, Maryland 1571:Rape suit and exile 1535:Order of Saint Anna 1326:struck their colors 1141:" was entered into 1126:a 1780 portrait by 869:attacks the British 651:, precursor to the 297:Order of Saint Anna 220:(Continental Navy) 134:Annapolis, Maryland 6544:Semiquincentennial 6469:Libertas Americana 4899:Stamp Act Congress 4789:Acts of Parliament 4762:Shelburne ministry 4732:Grenville ministry 4434:Theodore Roosevelt 4374:Samuel F. B. Morse 4234:Alexander Hamilton 4179:Thomas Alva Edison 4089:Henry Ward Beecher 4074:John James Audubon 3726:(1974) pp 598–599. 3586:Bradford, James C. 3435:2008-11-20 at the 3185:For.lib.kherson.ua 2111:"Joshua Humphreys" 1884:Paramount Pictures 1849:In popular culture 1813:Theodore Roosevelt 1805:U.S. Naval Academy 1774: 1767:U.S. Naval Academy 1755: 1753:Navy Issue of 1936 1705:to treat with the 1622: 1568: 1550:Tadeusz Kościuszko 1464:, Paul de Jones). 1433: 1159: 1151: 1131: 1117: 1026: 998:Earldom of Selkirk 978: 903: 887: 844:Treaty of Alliance 802: 653:United States Navy 499:Colony of Virginia 460: 448: 395:and fought at the 353:colony of Virginia 341:Kirkcudbrightshire 102:Kirkcudbrightshire 6710:Scottish admirals 6592: 6591: 6588: 6587: 6584: 6583: 6343: 6342: 6330:Shays's Rebellion 6268: 6267: 6264: 6263: 6260: 6259: 6193: 6192: 6160:Richard Henry Lee 5925: 5924: 5767: 5766: 5763: 5762: 5759: 5758: 5611:Related conflicts 5481:Connecticut Farms 5261: 5260: 5154:Thirteen Colonies 5103: 5102: 5099: 5098: 4562: 4561: 4494:George Washington 4449:John Philip Sousa 4284:Thomas J. Jackson 4274:Washington Irving 4219:William C. Gorgas 4204:Benjamin Franklin 4169:Charlotte Cushman 4054:John Quincy Adams 3973:in Holland (1779) 3711:Harper's Magazine 3706:"John Paul Jones" 3370:978-0-06-011438-1 2852:. March 30, 2011. 2850:Ukrayinska Pravda 2713:978-0-14029-987-8 1940:Pennsylvania Navy 1873:Le Capitaine Paul 1842:Gerard Richardson 1729:semaine sanglante 1676:Walter R. Herrick 1483:, into which the 1477:Dnieper-Bug Liman 1016:Return to Ireland 927:was anchored off 715:Nassau was raided 661:Richard Henry Lee 627:American colonies 538:colony of Jamaica 425:Benjamin Franklin 373:with the British 371:naval engagements 314: 313: 269:Russo-Turkish War 16:(Redirected from 6727: 6635:American sailors 6534:Sesquicentennial 6494:Independence Day 6398:Founding Fathers 6364: 6363: 6349: 6348: 6274: 6273: 6202: 6201: 5934: 5933: 5791: 5790: 5784: 5783: 5773: 5772: 5648: 5647: 5643: 5471:Cape St. Vincent 5146: 5145: 5139: 5138: 5109: 5108: 5081:Boston Tea Party 5006:Halifax Resolves 4956:Suffolk Resolves 4747:Grafton ministry 4742:Chatham ministry 4638:Colonial history 4618: 4617: 4604: 4603: 4589: 4582: 4575: 4566: 4565: 4334:Edward MacDowell 4289:Thomas Jefferson 4224:Ulysses S. Grant 4184:Jonathan Edwards 4154:Grover Cleveland 4069:Susan B. Anthony 4030: 4023: 4016: 4007: 4006: 3952: 3951: 3949: 3930: 3929:on June 27, 2004 3908: 3886: 3874: 3853: 3819: 3793: 3782: 3770: 3756: 3715: 3700: 3699:, pp. 32–46 3686: 3667: 3657: 3645: 3635: 3618: 3603: 3593: 3580: 3562: 3553:Jones, John Paul 3541: 3539: 3538: 3523: 3522: 3520: 3518: 3504: 3498: 3497: 3495: 3493: 3484:. 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Archived from 2178:"Jones Jp Chron" 2174: 2168: 2167:pp. 120–121 2162: 2156: 2150: 2144: 2142: 2132: 2126: 2125: 2123: 2121: 2107: 2101: 2100: 2090: 2084: 2083: 2081: 2079: 2068: 1936:Continental Navy 1926: 1924:Biography portal 1921: 1920: 1919: 1821:Sylvain Salières 1674:entry on Jones, 1619:Washington, D.C. 1523:Saint Petersburg 1516:Grigory Potemkin 1497:Dnieper Flotilla 1479:, an arm of the 1372:Bonhomme Richard 1369: 1365:Bonhomme Richard 1339:lower gun-deck. 1338: 1330:Bonhomme Richard 1318:Bonhomme Richard 1262:Bonhomme Richard 1242:hired armed ship 1227:Flamborough Head 1165:Bonhomme Richard 1099:Bonhomme Richard 1089: 1078: 943:right alongside 937: 704:Grand Union Flag 649:Continental Navy 599:. Jones courted 516:, including the 421:Thomas Jefferson 361: 358: 325:Continental Navy 310: 247:Battle of Nassau 198: 196: 195: 188:Continental Navy 186: 185: 184: 176: 166: 164: 163: 156: 152: 150: 149: 114: 94: 92: 62: 57: 43: 42: 21: 6735: 6734: 6730: 6729: 6728: 6726: 6725: 6724: 6595: 6594: 6593: 6580: 6519:Von Steuben Day 6417: 6386: 6358: 6339: 6279: 6256: 6198:Colonial allies 6189: 6088: 5921: 5882:King George III 5870: 5778: 5755: 5724: 5644: 5641: 5639: 5632: 5606: 5535: 5516:Lochry's Defeat 5401:Assunpink Creek 5391:Fort Washington 5336: 5270: 5268: 5257: 5248:Hortalez et Cie 5219:Colonial allies 5214: 5181: 5150:United Colonies 5133: 5095: 5061:Boston Massacre 5039: 5030:Perpetual Union 4986:United Colonies 4919:Sons of Liberty 4882: 4790: 4788: 4787:Related British 4781: 4710: 4612: 4608:Origins of the 4598: 4593: 4563: 4558: 4534:Frances Willard 4469:Sylvanus Thayer 4419:Edgar Allan Poe 4404:Francis Parkman 4314:Abraham Lincoln 4294:John Paul Jones 4214:Josiah W. Gibbs 4129:Andrew Carnegie 4114:Phillips Brooks 4079:George Bancroft 4040: 4034: 3947: 3945: 3934: 3922:John Paul Jones 3919: 3916: 3905: 3872: 3851: 3833: 3827: 3825:Further reading 3817: 3791: 3745: 3704: 3684: 3578: 3551:, ed. (1911). " 3536: 3534: 3531: 3526: 3516: 3514: 3506: 3505: 3501: 3491: 3489: 3480: 3479: 3475: 3462: 3461: 3457: 3448: 3447: 3443: 3437:Wayback Machine 3430:USNA Traditions 3428: 3424: 3420:(24 April 1906) 3415: 3411: 3403: 3399: 3382: 3378: 3371: 3355: 3351: 3340: 3336: 3326: 3324: 3319: 3318: 3314: 3304: 3302: 3297: 3296: 3292: 3285: 3271: 3254: 3238: 3232: 3225: 3209: 3203: 3199: 3189: 3187: 3181:"J. Paul Jones" 3177: 3173: 3157: 3151: 3147: 3131: 3125: 3118: 3101: 3097: 3081: 3075: 3071: 3060: 3053: 3037: 3031: 3024: 3008: 3002: 2993: 2977: 2971: 2967: 2956: 2949: 2933: 2927: 2923: 2917: 2910: 2908: 2906: 2890: 2886: 2875: 2871: 2860: 2856: 2841: 2837: 2824: 2820: 2809: 2805: 2796: 2794: 2790: 2783: 2777: 2776: 2772: 2763: 2761: 2748: 2744: 2735: 2733: 2725: 2721: 2714: 2700: 2696: 2683: 2682: 2678: 2669: 2667: 2654: 2650: 2641: 2639: 2631: 2624: 2616: 2612: 2601: 2597: 2586: 2582: 2572: 2570: 2568: 2552: 2548: 2535: 2531: 2520: 2516: 2511: 2507: 2485: 2481: 2458:10.2307/3817016 2442: 2438: 2419: 2418: 2414: 2404: 2402: 2394: 2393: 2389: 2378: 2374: 2361: 2357: 2346: 2344: 2342: 2326: 2322: 2314: 2310: 2305: 2301: 2292: 2288: 2283: 2279: 2269: 2267: 2258: 2257: 2253: 2245: 2241: 2232: 2230: 2221: 2220: 2216: 2208: 2201: 2191: 2189: 2176: 2175: 2171: 2163: 2159: 2151: 2147: 2133: 2129: 2119: 2117: 2109: 2108: 2104: 2091: 2087: 2077: 2075: 2070: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2040:John Paul Jones 2027:Forrest Sherman 2020:John Paul Jones 1922: 1917: 1915: 1912: 1896:John Paul Jones 1865:Alexandre Dumas 1851: 1833: 1752: 1738: 1699: 1644:Alexandre Dumas 1632:Baron von Grimm 1607: 1573: 1518:against Jones. 1462:Pavel de Zhones 1417: 1411: 1409:Russian service 1367: 1336: 1240:and the 22-gun 1102: 1087: 1076: 1018: 994:Peter C. Newman 935: 871: 856:La Motte-Piquet 790: 721:with a British 692: 687: 629: 624: 581:Admiral's Court 433: 359: 317:John Paul Jones 295: 291: 280: 221: 193: 191: 190: 182: 180: 161: 159: 158: 147: 145: 136: 116: 112: 96: 90: 88: 64: 48: 47:John Paul Jones 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6733: 6723: 6722: 6717: 6712: 6707: 6702: 6697: 6692: 6687: 6682: 6677: 6672: 6667: 6665:Les Neuf Sœurs 6662: 6657: 6652: 6647: 6642: 6637: 6632: 6627: 6622: 6617: 6612: 6607: 6590: 6589: 6586: 6585: 6582: 6581: 6579: 6578: 6573: 6568: 6567: 6566: 6561: 6556: 6551: 6546: 6541: 6536: 6531: 6526: 6524:Minor holidays 6521: 6516: 6511: 6506: 6501: 6496: 6491: 6486: 6481: 6471: 6466: 6461: 6456: 6451: 6446: 6441: 6436: 6431: 6425: 6423: 6419: 6418: 6416: 6415: 6410: 6405: 6400: 6394: 6392: 6388: 6387: 6385: 6384: 6376: 6370: 6368: 6360: 6359: 6357: 6356: 6355:Related topics 6345: 6344: 6341: 6340: 6338: 6337: 6332: 6327: 6325:Bill of Rights 6322: 6317: 6310: 6305: 6300: 6295: 6290: 6284: 6281: 6280: 6270: 6269: 6266: 6265: 6262: 6261: 6258: 6257: 6255: 6254: 6249: 6244: 6239: 6234: 6229: 6224: 6219: 6214: 6208: 6206: 6199: 6195: 6194: 6191: 6190: 6188: 6187: 6182: 6177: 6172: 6167: 6162: 6157: 6152: 6147: 6142: 6137: 6132: 6127: 6122: 6117: 6112: 6107: 6102: 6096: 6094: 6090: 6089: 6087: 6086: 6081: 6076: 6071: 6066: 6061: 6056: 6051: 6046: 6041: 6036: 6031: 6026: 6021: 6016: 6011: 6006: 6001: 5996: 5991: 5986: 5981: 5976: 5971: 5966: 5961: 5956: 5951: 5946: 5940: 5938: 5931: 5927: 5926: 5923: 5922: 5920: 5919: 5914: 5909: 5904: 5899: 5894: 5889: 5884: 5878: 5876: 5872: 5871: 5869: 5868: 5863: 5858: 5853: 5848: 5843: 5838: 5833: 5828: 5823: 5818: 5813: 5808: 5803: 5797: 5795: 5788: 5780: 5779: 5769: 5768: 5765: 5764: 5761: 5760: 5757: 5756: 5754: 5753: 5748: 5743: 5738: 5732: 5730: 5729:Loyal colonies 5726: 5725: 5723: 5722: 5717: 5715:South Carolina 5712: 5707: 5702: 5700:North Carolina 5697: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5656: 5654: 5652:Rebel colonies 5645: 5637: 5634: 5633: 5631: 5630: 5625: 5620: 5614: 5612: 5608: 5607: 5605: 5604: 5599: 5594: 5592:Sint Eustatius 5589: 5584: 5579: 5574: 5569: 5564: 5559: 5554: 5552:"First Salute" 5549: 5543: 5541: 5537: 5536: 5534: 5533: 5528: 5523: 5518: 5513: 5508: 5503: 5498: 5496:Kings Mountain 5493: 5488: 5483: 5478: 5473: 5468: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5433: 5428: 5423: 5418: 5413: 5408: 5403: 5398: 5393: 5388: 5386:Harlem Heights 5383: 5378: 5376:Valcour Island 5373: 5368: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5347: 5345: 5338: 5337: 5335: 5334: 5329: 5324: 5319: 5314: 5309: 5304: 5299: 5294: 5289: 5284: 5279: 5273: 5271: 5266: 5263: 5262: 5259: 5258: 5256: 5255: 5250: 5245: 5244: 5243: 5238: 5233: 5222: 5220: 5216: 5215: 5213: 5212: 5207: 5202: 5197: 5191: 5189: 5183: 5182: 5180: 5179: 5174: 5169: 5164: 5158: 5156: 5143: 5135: 5134: 5132: 5131: 5128: 5125: 5122: 5119: 5116: 5105: 5104: 5101: 5100: 5097: 5096: 5094: 5093: 5088: 5083: 5078: 5073: 5068: 5063: 5058: 5053: 5047: 5045: 5041: 5040: 5038: 5037: 5032: 5023: 5018: 5013: 5011:Lee Resolution 5008: 5003: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4978: 4973: 4968: 4963: 4958: 4953: 4948: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4929:Black Patriots 4926: 4921: 4916: 4911: 4906: 4901: 4896: 4890: 4888: 4884: 4883: 4881: 4880: 4875: 4870: 4865: 4860: 4855: 4850: 4845: 4840: 4835: 4829: 4824: 4819: 4814: 4809: 4804: 4799: 4793: 4791: 4786: 4783: 4782: 4780: 4779: 4777:Black Loyalist 4774: 4769: 4764: 4759: 4754: 4752:North ministry 4749: 4744: 4739: 4734: 4729: 4724: 4718: 4716: 4712: 4711: 4709: 4708: 4703: 4698: 4691: 4684: 4677: 4672: 4665: 4660: 4655: 4650: 4645: 4640: 4635: 4630: 4624: 4622: 4614: 4613: 4600: 4599: 4592: 4591: 4584: 4577: 4569: 4560: 4559: 4557: 4556: 4551: 4549:Orville Wright 4546: 4544:Woodrow Wilson 4541: 4539:Roger Williams 4536: 4531: 4526: 4521: 4516: 4511: 4506: 4501: 4499:Daniel Webster 4496: 4491: 4486: 4481: 4476: 4471: 4466: 4464:Gilbert Stuart 4461: 4456: 4451: 4446: 4441: 4436: 4431: 4426: 4421: 4416: 4411: 4409:George Peabody 4406: 4401: 4396: 4391: 4386: 4381: 4376: 4371: 4366: 4364:Maria Mitchell 4361: 4356: 4351: 4346: 4341: 4336: 4331: 4326: 4321: 4316: 4311: 4306: 4301: 4296: 4291: 4286: 4281: 4279:Andrew Jackson 4276: 4271: 4266: 4261: 4256: 4251: 4246: 4241: 4236: 4231: 4226: 4221: 4216: 4211: 4206: 4201: 4199:Stephen Foster 4196: 4194:David Farragut 4191: 4186: 4181: 4176: 4171: 4166: 4161: 4156: 4151: 4146: 4141: 4136: 4131: 4126: 4124:Luther Burbank 4121: 4116: 4111: 4109:Louis Brandeis 4106: 4101: 4096: 4091: 4086: 4081: 4076: 4071: 4066: 4061: 4056: 4051: 4045: 4042: 4041: 4033: 4032: 4025: 4018: 4010: 4004: 4003: 3998: 3989: 3984: 3979: 3974: 3964: 3959: 3954: 3932: 3915: 3914:External links 3912: 3911: 3910: 3904:978-0608401683 3903: 3888: 3876: 3871:978-1612510163 3870: 3855: 3850:978-0795024986 3849: 3826: 3823: 3822: 3821: 3815: 3802: 3795: 3789: 3772: 3757: 3743: 3727: 3717: 3702: 3688: 3682: 3669: 3659: 3647: 3637: 3620: 3605: 3595: 3588:, ed. (1986), 3582: 3576: 3563: 3549:Chisholm, Hugh 3530: 3527: 3525: 3524: 3499: 3473: 3455: 3441: 3422: 3409: 3397: 3376: 3369: 3349: 3334: 3312: 3290: 3284:978-1613765180 3283: 3252: 3223: 3197: 3171: 3145: 3116: 3102:Charles King, 3095: 3069: 3051: 3022: 2991: 2965: 2947: 2921: 2905:978-1613747308 2904: 2884: 2869: 2854: 2835: 2818: 2803: 2770: 2742: 2719: 2712: 2694: 2676: 2648: 2622: 2610: 2595: 2580: 2567:978-1451603996 2566: 2546: 2529: 2514: 2505: 2479: 2436: 2412: 2387: 2372: 2355: 2341:978-1451603996 2340: 2320: 2308: 2299: 2286: 2277: 2251: 2239: 2214: 2199: 2169: 2157: 2145: 2127: 2102: 2085: 2062: 2060: 2057: 2056: 2055: 2042: (DDG-53) 2035: 2022: (DD-932) 2015: 2002: (DD-230) 1995: 1975: 1961: 1952: 1946: 1928: 1927: 1911: 1908: 1907: 1906: 1900: 1891: 1876: 1850: 1847: 1832: 1829: 1827:in Annapolis. 1737: 1734: 1698: 1695: 1627:Thomas Carlyle 1606: 1603: 1589:Comte de Ségur 1572: 1569: 1458:Constantinople 1410: 1407: 1231:East Yorkshire 1115:on 13 May 1779 1101: 1096: 1017: 1014: 1002:Thomas Douglas 877:A portrait of 870: 864: 789: 783: 696:Delaware River 691: 688: 686: 683: 669:1st Lieutenant 628: 625: 623: 620: 495:Fredericksburg 432: 429: 312: 311: 304: 300: 299: 286: 282: 281: 279: 278: 277: 276: 266: 265: 264: 259: 254: 249: 244: 233: 231: 227: 226: 215: 211: 210: 207: 203: 202: 178: 172: 171: 168:Russian Empire 142: 138: 137: 128: 126: 122: 121: 115:(aged 45) 109: 105: 104: 86: 82: 81: 78: 74: 73: 70: 66: 65: 58: 50: 49: 46: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6732: 6721: 6718: 6716: 6713: 6711: 6708: 6706: 6703: 6701: 6698: 6696: 6693: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6671: 6668: 6666: 6663: 6661: 6658: 6656: 6653: 6651: 6648: 6646: 6643: 6641: 6638: 6636: 6633: 6631: 6628: 6626: 6623: 6621: 6618: 6616: 6613: 6611: 6608: 6606: 6603: 6602: 6600: 6577: 6574: 6572: 6569: 6565: 6562: 6560: 6557: 6555: 6552: 6550: 6547: 6545: 6542: 6540: 6537: 6535: 6532: 6530: 6527: 6525: 6522: 6520: 6517: 6515: 6512: 6510: 6507: 6505: 6502: 6500: 6499:Patriots' Day 6497: 6495: 6492: 6490: 6487: 6485: 6482: 6480: 6477: 6476: 6475: 6474:Commemoration 6472: 6470: 6467: 6465: 6462: 6460: 6457: 6455: 6452: 6450: 6447: 6445: 6442: 6440: 6437: 6435: 6432: 6430: 6427: 6426: 6424: 6420: 6414: 6413:Yankee Doodle 6411: 6409: 6406: 6404: 6401: 6399: 6396: 6395: 6393: 6389: 6383: 6382: 6377: 6375: 6372: 6371: 6369: 6365: 6361: 6354: 6353: 6350: 6346: 6336: 6333: 6331: 6328: 6326: 6323: 6321: 6318: 6316: 6315: 6311: 6309: 6306: 6304: 6301: 6299: 6296: 6294: 6291: 6289: 6286: 6285: 6282: 6275: 6271: 6253: 6250: 6248: 6245: 6243: 6242:de Rochambeau 6240: 6238: 6235: 6233: 6230: 6228: 6225: 6223: 6220: 6218: 6215: 6213: 6210: 6209: 6207: 6203: 6200: 6196: 6186: 6183: 6181: 6178: 6176: 6173: 6171: 6168: 6166: 6163: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6151: 6148: 6146: 6143: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6128: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6097: 6095: 6091: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6067: 6065: 6062: 6060: 6057: 6055: 6052: 6050: 6047: 6045: 6042: 6040: 6037: 6035: 6032: 6030: 6027: 6025: 6022: 6020: 6017: 6015: 6012: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6002: 6000: 5997: 5995: 5992: 5990: 5987: 5985: 5982: 5980: 5977: 5975: 5972: 5970: 5967: 5965: 5962: 5960: 5957: 5955: 5952: 5950: 5947: 5945: 5942: 5941: 5939: 5935: 5932: 5928: 5918: 5915: 5913: 5910: 5908: 5905: 5903: 5900: 5898: 5895: 5893: 5890: 5888: 5885: 5883: 5880: 5879: 5877: 5873: 5867: 5864: 5862: 5859: 5857: 5854: 5852: 5849: 5847: 5844: 5842: 5839: 5837: 5834: 5832: 5829: 5827: 5824: 5822: 5819: 5817: 5814: 5812: 5809: 5807: 5804: 5802: 5799: 5798: 5796: 5792: 5789: 5785: 5781: 5774: 5770: 5752: 5749: 5747: 5744: 5742: 5739: 5737: 5734: 5733: 5731: 5727: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5685:New Hampshire 5683: 5681: 5680:Massachusetts 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5657: 5655: 5653: 5649: 5646: 5635: 5629: 5626: 5624: 5621: 5619: 5616: 5615: 5613: 5609: 5603: 5600: 5598: 5595: 5593: 5590: 5588: 5585: 5583: 5580: 5578: 5575: 5573: 5570: 5568: 5565: 5563: 5560: 5558: 5555: 5553: 5550: 5548: 5545: 5544: 5542: 5538: 5532: 5529: 5527: 5524: 5522: 5519: 5517: 5514: 5512: 5509: 5507: 5504: 5502: 5499: 5497: 5494: 5492: 5489: 5487: 5484: 5482: 5479: 5477: 5474: 5472: 5469: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5437: 5434: 5432: 5429: 5427: 5424: 5422: 5419: 5417: 5414: 5412: 5409: 5407: 5404: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5379: 5377: 5374: 5372: 5369: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5359: 5357: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5348: 5346: 5344: 5339: 5333: 5332:Naval battles 5330: 5328: 5325: 5323: 5320: 5318: 5315: 5313: 5310: 5308: 5305: 5303: 5300: 5298: 5295: 5293: 5290: 5288: 5285: 5283: 5280: 5278: 5275: 5274: 5272: 5267:Campaigns and 5264: 5254: 5251: 5249: 5246: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5228: 5227: 5224: 5223: 5221: 5217: 5211: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5192: 5190: 5188: 5184: 5178: 5175: 5173: 5170: 5168: 5165: 5163: 5160: 5159: 5157: 5155: 5151: 5147: 5144: 5140: 5136: 5129: 5126: 5123: 5120: 5117: 5114: 5113: 5110: 5106: 5092: 5089: 5087: 5084: 5082: 5079: 5077: 5074: 5072: 5071:Gaspee affair 5069: 5067: 5064: 5062: 5059: 5057: 5054: 5052: 5049: 5048: 5046: 5042: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5027: 5024: 5022: 5019: 5017: 5014: 5012: 5009: 5007: 5004: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4979: 4977: 4974: 4972: 4969: 4967: 4964: 4962: 4959: 4957: 4954: 4952: 4949: 4947: 4946: 4942: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4907: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4892: 4891: 4889: 4885: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4869: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4859: 4856: 4854: 4851: 4849: 4846: 4844: 4841: 4839: 4836: 4833: 4830: 4828: 4825: 4823: 4820: 4818: 4815: 4813: 4810: 4808: 4805: 4803: 4800: 4798: 4795: 4794: 4792: 4784: 4778: 4775: 4773: 4770: 4768: 4765: 4763: 4760: 4758: 4755: 4753: 4750: 4748: 4745: 4743: 4740: 4738: 4735: 4733: 4730: 4728: 4727:Bute ministry 4725: 4723: 4720: 4719: 4717: 4713: 4707: 4704: 4702: 4699: 4696: 4692: 4689: 4685: 4682: 4678: 4676: 4675:Spirit of '76 4673: 4671: 4670: 4666: 4664: 4661: 4659: 4656: 4654: 4651: 4649: 4648:Republicanism 4646: 4644: 4641: 4639: 4636: 4634: 4631: 4629: 4626: 4625: 4623: 4619: 4615: 4611: 4605: 4601: 4597: 4590: 4585: 4583: 4578: 4576: 4571: 4570: 4567: 4555: 4554:Wilbur Wright 4552: 4550: 4547: 4545: 4542: 4540: 4537: 4535: 4532: 4530: 4527: 4525: 4522: 4520: 4517: 4515: 4512: 4510: 4507: 4505: 4502: 4500: 4497: 4495: 4492: 4490: 4487: 4485: 4482: 4480: 4477: 4475: 4472: 4470: 4467: 4465: 4462: 4460: 4457: 4455: 4452: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4442: 4440: 4437: 4435: 4432: 4430: 4427: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4417: 4415: 4412: 4410: 4407: 4405: 4402: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4390: 4389:Simon Newcomb 4387: 4385: 4382: 4380: 4377: 4375: 4372: 4370: 4367: 4365: 4362: 4360: 4357: 4355: 4352: 4350: 4349:John Marshall 4347: 4345: 4342: 4340: 4339:James Madison 4337: 4335: 4332: 4330: 4327: 4325: 4322: 4320: 4317: 4315: 4312: 4310: 4309:Robert E. Lee 4307: 4305: 4304:Sidney Lanier 4302: 4300: 4297: 4295: 4292: 4290: 4287: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4277: 4275: 4272: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4257: 4255: 4252: 4250: 4249:Patrick Henry 4247: 4245: 4242: 4240: 4237: 4235: 4232: 4230: 4227: 4225: 4222: 4220: 4217: 4215: 4212: 4210: 4209:Robert Fulton 4207: 4205: 4202: 4200: 4197: 4195: 4192: 4190: 4187: 4185: 4182: 4180: 4177: 4175: 4172: 4170: 4167: 4165: 4162: 4160: 4157: 4155: 4152: 4150: 4147: 4145: 4142: 4140: 4137: 4135: 4132: 4130: 4127: 4125: 4122: 4120: 4117: 4115: 4112: 4110: 4107: 4105: 4102: 4100: 4097: 4095: 4092: 4090: 4087: 4085: 4082: 4080: 4077: 4075: 4072: 4070: 4067: 4065: 4064:Louis Agassiz 4062: 4060: 4057: 4055: 4052: 4050: 4047: 4046: 4043: 4038: 4031: 4026: 4024: 4019: 4017: 4012: 4011: 4008: 4002: 3999: 3997: 3995: 3990: 3988: 3985: 3983: 3980: 3978: 3975: 3972: 3968: 3965: 3963: 3960: 3958: 3955: 3943: 3939: 3938: 3933: 3928: 3924: 3923: 3918: 3917: 3906: 3900: 3896: 3895: 3889: 3884: 3883: 3877: 3873: 3867: 3863: 3862: 3856: 3852: 3846: 3842: 3841: 3835: 3834: 3832: 3818: 3816:0-7862-5875-6 3812: 3808: 3803: 3800: 3796: 3792: 3790:0-8160-2107-4 3786: 3781: 3780: 3773: 3768: 3767: 3762: 3758: 3754: 3750: 3746: 3744:1-55750-410-5 3740: 3736: 3732: 3728: 3725: 3724: 3719:Herrick Jr. " 3718: 3713: 3712: 3707: 3703: 3698: 3694: 3689: 3685: 3683:0-87021-619-8 3679: 3675: 3670: 3665: 3660: 3655: 3654: 3648: 3643: 3638: 3634: 3630: 3626: 3621: 3616: 3615: 3610: 3606: 3601: 3596: 3591: 3587: 3583: 3579: 3577:2-903178-20-8 3573: 3569: 3564: 3560: 3559: 3554: 3550: 3545: 3544:public domain 3533: 3532: 3513: 3509: 3503: 3487: 3483: 3477: 3469: 3468:News and Star 3465: 3459: 3451: 3445: 3438: 3434: 3431: 3426: 3419: 3413: 3406: 3401: 3394: 3390: 3386: 3380: 3372: 3366: 3362: 3361: 3353: 3345: 3338: 3322: 3316: 3300: 3294: 3286: 3280: 3276: 3269: 3267: 3265: 3263: 3261: 3259: 3257: 3248: 3244: 3237: 3230: 3228: 3219: 3215: 3208: 3201: 3186: 3182: 3175: 3167: 3163: 3156: 3149: 3141: 3137: 3130: 3123: 3121: 3113: 3112:0-393-07084-0 3109: 3105: 3099: 3091: 3087: 3080: 3073: 3065: 3058: 3056: 3047: 3043: 3036: 3029: 3027: 3018: 3014: 3007: 3000: 2998: 2996: 2987: 2983: 2976: 2969: 2961: 2954: 2952: 2943: 2939: 2932: 2925: 2907: 2901: 2897: 2896: 2888: 2880: 2873: 2865: 2858: 2851: 2847: 2846: 2839: 2832: 2830: 2822: 2814: 2807: 2789: 2782: 2781: 2774: 2759: 2755: 2754: 2746: 2732: 2731: 2723: 2715: 2709: 2705: 2698: 2690: 2686: 2680: 2665: 2661: 2660: 2652: 2638: 2637: 2629: 2627: 2619: 2618:Paullin, 1906 2614: 2606: 2599: 2591: 2584: 2569: 2563: 2559: 2558: 2550: 2542: 2541: 2533: 2525: 2518: 2509: 2501: 2497: 2493: 2489: 2483: 2475: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2440: 2433: 2432:1-55750-410-5 2429: 2425: 2420:Morison, S.E. 2416: 2401: 2397: 2391: 2383: 2376: 2369: 2365: 2359: 2343: 2337: 2333: 2332: 2324: 2317: 2312: 2303: 2296: 2290: 2281: 2265: 2261: 2255: 2248: 2243: 2228: 2224: 2218: 2211: 2206: 2204: 2187: 2183: 2179: 2173: 2166: 2165:Morison, 1959 2161: 2154: 2153:Morison, 1959 2149: 2140: 2139: 2131: 2116: 2112: 2106: 2098: 2097: 2089: 2073: 2067: 2063: 2053: 2050: 2048: 2047:Arleigh Burke 2043: 2041: 2036: 2033: 2030: 2028: 2023: 2021: 2016: 2013: 2010: 2008: 2003: 2001: 1996: 1993: 1990: 1988: 1983: 1982: (DD-10) 1981: 1976: 1973: 1969: 1967: 1962: 1960: 1956: 1953: 1950: 1947: 1945: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1930: 1929: 1925: 1914: 1904: 1903:Johnny Horton 1901: 1898: 1897: 1892: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1877: 1874: 1870: 1866: 1862: 1861: 1856: 1853: 1852: 1846: 1843: 1839: 1828: 1826: 1822: 1818: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1801: (CL-20) 1800: 1794: 1792: 1785: 1783: 1779: 1778:Horace Porter 1772: 1768: 1764: 1759: 1751: 1747: 1742: 1733: 1731: 1730: 1725: 1724:Paris Commune 1719: 1717: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1694: 1692: 1691:William Trent 1687: 1685: 1681: 1680:S. E. Morison 1677: 1673: 1668: 1666: 1661: 1659: 1655: 1651: 1650: 1645: 1641: 1636: 1633: 1628: 1620: 1616: 1611: 1601: 1596: 1592: 1590: 1584: 1580: 1576: 1566: 1565:Cecilia Beaux 1561: 1557: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1538: 1536: 1531: 1527: 1524: 1519: 1517: 1513: 1508: 1504: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1465: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1450: 1449:Le Magnifique 1445: 1441: 1440: 1430: 1426: 1421: 1416: 1406: 1404: 1399: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1383: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1314: 1313:surrendered. 1312: 1308: 1304: 1300: 1297:. Meanwhile, 1296: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1250: 1248: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1238: 1232: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1202: 1197: 1193: 1192: 1186: 1183:, 32-gun USS 1182: 1181: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1166: 1155: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1135: 1129: 1128:Richard Paton 1125: 1121: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1100: 1095: 1093: 1086: 1082: 1079:s capture of 1075: 1069: 1067: 1066:court-martial 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1038:Carrickfergus 1035: 1031: 1022: 1013: 1011: 1005: 1003: 999: 995: 991: 987: 983: 974: 970: 967: 962: 958: 952: 950: 946: 942: 934: 930: 929:Carrickfergus 926: 925: 918: 916: 912: 908: 900: 896: 891: 884: 880: 875: 868: 863: 861: 860:Brest, France 857: 853: 849: 845: 840: 837: 833: 832: 827: 823: 817: 816:was adopted. 815: 811: 810: 799: 794: 788: 782: 780: 779:John Burgoyne 776: 772: 766: 764: 763:Raid on Canso 760: 756: 755: 749: 748: 742: 738: 734: 733: 728: 724: 720: 716: 712: 707: 705: 701: 697: 690:Early command 682: 680: 679: 674: 670: 666: 662: 658: 654: 650: 645: 643: 639: 635: 619: 617: 612: 610: 606: 605:Patrick Henry 602: 598: 594: 590: 584: 582: 577: 573: 572:West Indiaman 569: 564: 561: 555: 553: 549: 546: 541: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 519: 515: 511: 507: 506:Merchant Navy 502: 500: 496: 492: 488: 484: 479: 477: 473: 469: 465: 457: 452: 446: 442: 437: 428: 426: 422: 418: 414: 410: 406: 402: 398: 394: 390: 386: 382: 381: 376: 372: 368: 367:Great Britain 363: 354: 350: 346: 345:Merchant Navy 342: 338: 334: 330: 326: 322: 318: 309: 305: 301: 298: 294: 290: 287: 283: 275: 272: 271: 270: 267: 263: 260: 258: 255: 253: 250: 248: 245: 243: 242:Raid on Canso 240: 239: 238: 235: 234: 232: 228: 224: 219: 216: 212: 208: 204: 201: 189: 179: 173: 169: 155: 154:United States 143: 139: 135: 131: 127: 123: 119: 111:July 18, 1792 110: 106: 103: 99: 87: 83: 79: 75: 71: 67: 56: 51: 44: 41: 37: 33: 19: 6539:Bicentennial 6422:Other topics 6408:Liberty Tree 6380: 6320:Constitution 6312: 6217:Beaumarchais 6105:Samuel Adams 6003: 5856:William Howe 5851:Richard Howe 5751:West Florida 5736:East Florida 5710:Rhode Island 5705:Pennsylvania 5638:Involvement 5582:Gordon Riots 5567:Valley Forge 5562:Conway Cabal 5540:Other events 5302:Philadelphia 5200:British Army 5091:Powder Alarm 5021:Model Treaty 4943: 4701:Expansionism 4669:Common Sense 4667: 4529:Emma Willard 4514:Walt Whitman 4484:Lillian Wald 4454:Joseph Story 4414:William Penn 4394:Thomas Paine 4369:James Monroe 4293: 4264:Mark Hopkins 4244:Joseph Henry 4164:Peter Cooper 4144:Rufus Choate 4099:Daniel Boone 4084:Clara Barton 3993: 3970: 3969:from aboard 3948:November 16, 3946:, retrieved 3942:the original 3936: 3927:the original 3921: 3893: 3881: 3860: 3839: 3806: 3798: 3778: 3765: 3734: 3722: 3709: 3696: 3673: 3663: 3652: 3641: 3624: 3613: 3599: 3589: 3567: 3556: 3529:Bibliography 3515:. 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